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Lin F, Sun L, Zhang Y, Gao W, Chen Z, Liu Y, Tian K, Han X, Liu R, Li Y, Shen L. Mitochondrial stress response and myogenic differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1381417. [PMID: 38681520 PMCID: PMC11055459 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1381417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Regeneration and repair are prerequisites for maintaining effective function of skeletal muscle under high energy demands, and myogenic differentiation is one of the key steps in the regeneration and repair process. A striking feature of the process of myogenic differentiation is the alteration of mitochondria in number and function. Mitochondrial dysfunction can activate a number of transcriptional, translational and post-translational programmes and pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis under different types and degrees of stress, either through its own signaling or through constant signaling interactions with the nucleus and cytoplasm, a process known as the mitochondrial stress responses (MSRs). It is now believed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with a variety of muscle diseases caused by reduced levels of myogenic differentiation, suggesting the possibility that MSRs are involved in messaging during myogenic differentiation. Also, MSRs may be involved in myogenesis by promoting bioenergetic remodeling and assisting myoblast survival during myogenic differentiation. In this review, we will take MSRs as an entry point to explore its concrete regulatory mechanisms during myogenic differentiation, with a perspective to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment and repair of related muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weinan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyu Han
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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2
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Vardar Acar N, Özgül RK. A big picture of the mitochondria-mediated signals: From mitochondria to organism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:45-61. [PMID: 37619311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, well-known for years as the powerhouse and biosynthetic center of the cell, are dynamic signaling organelles beyond their energy production and biosynthesis functions. The metabolic functions of mitochondria, playing an important role in various biological events both in physiological and stress conditions, transform them into important cellular stress sensors. Mitochondria constantly communicate with the rest of the cell and even from other cells to the organism, transmitting stress signals including oxidative and reductive stress or adaptive signals such as mitohormesis. Mitochondrial signal transduction has a vital function in regulating integrity of human genome, organelles, cells, and ultimately organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neşe Vardar Acar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Köksal Özgül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Role of SIRT3 in Microgravity Response: A New Player in Muscle Tissue Recovery. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050691. [PMID: 36899828 PMCID: PMC10000945 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Life on Earth has evolved in the presence of a gravity constraint. Any change in the value of such a constraint has important physiological effects. Gravity reduction (microgravity) alters the performance of muscle, bone and, immune systems among others. Therefore, countermeasures to limit such deleterious effects of microgravity are needed considering future Lunar and Martian missions. Our study aims to demonstrate that the activation of mitochondrial Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) can be exploited to reduce muscle damage and to maintain muscle differentiation following microgravity exposure. To this effect, we used a RCCS machine to simulate microgravity on ground on a muscle and cardiac cell line. During microgravity, cells were treated with a newly synthesized SIRT3 activator, called MC2791 and vitality, differentiation, ROS and, autophagy/mitophagy were measured. Our results indicate that SIRT3 activation reduces microgravity-induced cell death while maintaining the expression of muscle cell differentiation markers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that SIRT3 activation could represent a targeted molecular strategy to reduce muscle tissue damage caused by microgravity.
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4
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Lv XH, Cong XX, Nan JL, Lu XM, Zhu QL, Shen J, Wang BB, Wang ZT, Zhou RY, Chen WA, Su L, Chen X, Li ZZ, Lin YN. Anti-diabetic drug canagliflozin hinders skeletal muscle regeneration in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2651-2665. [PMID: 35217814 PMCID: PMC9525290 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Canagliflozin is an antidiabetic medicine that inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in proximal tubules. Recently, it was reported to have several noncanonical effects other than SGLT2 inhibiting. However, the effects of canagliflozin on skeletal muscle regeneration remain largely unexplored. Thus, in vivo muscle contractile properties recovery in mice ischemic lower limbs following gliflozins treatment was evaluated. The C2C12 myoblast differentiation after gliflozins treatment was also assessed in vitro. As a result, both in vivo and in vitro data indicate that canagliflozin impairs intrinsic myogenic regeneration, thus hindering ischemic limb muscle contractile properties, fatigue resistance recovery, and tissue regeneration. Mitochondrial structure and activity are both disrupted by canagliflozin in myoblasts. Single-cell RNA sequencing of ischemic tibialis anterior reveals a decrease in leucyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (LARS2) in muscle stem cells attributable to canagliflozin. Further investigation explicates the noncanonical function of LARS2, which plays pivotal roles in regulating myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration by affecting mitochondrial structure and activity. Enhanced expression of LARS2 restores the differentiation of canagliflozin-treated myoblasts, and accelerates ischemic skeletal muscle regeneration in canagliflozin-treated mice. Our data suggest that canagliflozin directly impairs ischemic skeletal muscle recovery in mice by downregulating LARS2 expression in muscle stem cells, and that LARS2 may be a promising therapeutic target for injured skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Huang Lv
- Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Cong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin-Liang Nan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xing-Mei Lu
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qian-Li Zhu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Bei-Bei Wang
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Ting Wang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ri-Yong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wei-An Chen
- Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lan Su
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Zheng-Zheng Li
- Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Yi-Nuo Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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5
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Cioffi F, Giacco A, Goglia F, Silvestri E. Bioenergetic Aspects of Mitochondrial Actions of Thyroid Hormones. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060997. [PMID: 35326451 PMCID: PMC8947633 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known, but there is also much more to discover, about the actions that thyroid hormones (TH) exert on metabolism. Indeed, despite the fact that thyroid hormones are recognized as one of the most important regulators of metabolic rate, much remains to be clarified on which mechanisms control/regulate these actions. Given their actions on energy metabolism and that mitochondria are the main cellular site where metabolic transformations take place, these organelles have been the subject of extensive investigations. In relatively recent times, new knowledge concerning both thyroid hormones (such as the mechanisms of action, the existence of metabolically active TH derivatives) and the mechanisms of energy transduction such as (among others) dynamics, respiratory chain organization in supercomplexes and cristes organization, have opened new pathways of investigation in the field of the control of energy metabolism and of the mechanisms of action of TH at cellular level. In this review, we highlight the knowledge and approaches about the complex relationship between TH, including some of their derivatives, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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6
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Chabi B, Hennani H, Cortade F, Wrutniak-Cabello C. Characterization of mitochondrial respiratory complexes involved in the regulation of myoblast differentiation. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1676-1684. [PMID: 33764610 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
During myoblast differentiation, mitochondria undergo numerous changes that are necessary for the progression of the myogenic program. Notably, we previously showed that alteration in mitochondrial activity was able to control the expression of keys regulator of cell cycle withdrawal and terminal differentiation. Here, we assessed whether inhibition of one of the respiratory complexes was a key factor in the regulation of myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells, and was associated with alteration in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. C2C12 cells were treated from proliferation to differentiation with specific inhibitors of mitochondrial complexes at a concentration that were inhibiting respiration but not altering cell morphology. Proliferation was significantly repressed with inhibition of complexes I, II, and III, or mitochondrial protein synthesis (using Chloramphenicol treatment), while complex IV inhibition did not alter myoblast proliferation compared to control cells. Moreover, inhibition of complexes I and II altered cell cycle regulators, with p21 protein expression upregulated since proliferation and p27 protein expression reduced at differentiation. Myotubes formation and myogenin expression were blunted with complexes I and II inhibitors while MyoD protein expression was maintained, suggesting an alteration in its transcriptional activity. Finally, a decrease in overall ROS production was observed with continuous inhibition of mitochondrial complexes I-IV. In summary, our data provide evidence that complexes I and II may be the primary regulators of C2C12 myogenic differentiation. This occurs through specific regulation of myogenic rather than cell cycle regulators expression and ROS production at mitochondrial rather than cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Chabi
- DMEM, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Hanane Hennani
- DMEM, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
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7
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Bhattacharya D, Scimè A. Mitochondrial Function in Muscle Stem Cell Fates. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:480. [PMID: 32612995 PMCID: PMC7308489 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial organelles that control cellular metabolism through an integrated mechanism of energy generation via oxidative phosphorylation. Apart from this canonical role, it is also integral for ROS production, fatty acid metabolism and epigenetic remodeling. Recently, a role for the mitochondria in effecting stem cell fate decisions has gained considerable interest. This is important for skeletal muscle, which exhibits a remarkable property for regeneration following injury, owing to satellite cells (SCs), the adult myogenic stem cells. Mitochondrial function is associated with maintaining and dictating SC fates, linked to metabolic programming during quiescence, activation, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. Notably, mitochondrial adaptation might take place to alter SC fates and function in the presence of different environmental cues. This review dissects the contribution of mitochondria to SC operational outcomes, focusing on how their content, function, dynamics and adaptability work to influence SC fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Bhattacharya
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony Scimè
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Horibata Y, Mitsuhashi S, Shimizu H, Maejima S, Sakamoto H, Aoyama C, Ando H, Sugimoto H. The phosphatidylcholine transfer protein StarD7 is important for myogenic differentiation in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells and human primary skeletal myoblasts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2845. [PMID: 32071354 PMCID: PMC7029042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
StarD7 is a phosphatidylcholine (PC)-specific lipid transfer protein essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial PC composition, morphogenesis, and respiration. Here, we studied the role of StarD7 in skeletal myoblast differentiation using mouse myoblast C2C12 cells and human primary myoblasts. Immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy revealed that StarD7 was distributed in the cytosol, inner mitochondria space, and outer leaflet of the outer mitochondrial membrane in C2C12 cells. Unlike human kidney embryonic cell line HEK293 cells, the mitochondrial proteinase PARL was not involved in the processing and maturation of StarD7 in C2C12 cells. StarD7 was constantly expressed during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of StarD7 in C2C12 cells and human primary myoblasts significantly impaired myogenic differentiation and reduced the expression of myomaker, myomerger and PGC-1α. The reduction in mitochondrial PC levels and oxygen consumption rates, decreased expression of myomaker, myomerger and PGC-1α, as well as impaired myogenic differentiation, were completely restored when the protein was reintroduced into StarD7-knockout C2C12 cells. These results suggest that StarD7 is important for skeletal myogenesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Horibata
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimizu
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Sho Maejima
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama, 701-4303, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakamoto
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama, 701-4303, Japan
| | - Chieko Aoyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ando
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
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Gothié J, Vancamp P, Demeneix B, Remaud S. Thyroid hormone regulation of neural stem cell fate: From development to ageing. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13316. [PMID: 31121082 PMCID: PMC9286394 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the vertebrate brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) generate both neuronal and glial cells throughout life. However, their neuro‐ and gliogenic capacity changes as a function of the developmental context. Despite the growing body of evidence on the variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulating NSC physiology, their precise cellular and molecular actions are not fully determined. Our review focuses on thyroid hormone (TH), a vital component for both development and adult brain function that regulates NSC biology at all stages. First, we review comparative data to analyse how TH modulates neuro‐ and gliogenesis during vertebrate brain development. Second, as the mammalian brain is the most studied, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying TH action in this context. Lastly, we explore how the interplay between TH signalling and cell metabolism governs both neurodevelopmental and adult neurogenesis. We conclude that, together, TH and cellular metabolism regulate optimal brain formation, maturation and function from early foetal life to adult in vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐David Gothié
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological Institute & Hospital, McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Pieter Vancamp
- CNRS UMR 7221 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris France
| | | | - Sylvie Remaud
- CNRS UMR 7221 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris France
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10
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Ciuffoli V, Lena AM, Gambacurta A, Melino G, Candi E. Myoblasts rely on TAp63 to control basal mitochondria respiration. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3558-3573. [PMID: 30487319 PMCID: PMC6286837 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
p53, with its family members p63 and p73, have been shown to promote myoblast differentiation by regulation of the function of the retinoblastoma protein and by direct activation of p21Cip/Waf1 and p57Kip2, promoting cell cycle exit. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the TAp63γ isoform is the only member of the p53 family that accumulates during in vitro myoblasts differentiation, and that its silencing led to delay in myotube fusion. To better dissect the role of TAp63γ in myoblast physiology, we have generated both sh-p63 and Tet-On inducible TAp63γ clones. Gene array analysis of sh-p63 C2C7 clones showed a significant modulation of genes involved in proliferation and cellular metabolism. Indeed, we found that sh-p63 C2C7 myoblasts present a higher proliferation rate and that, conversely, TAp63γ ectopic expression decreases myoblasts proliferation, indicating that TAp63γ specifically contributes to myoblasts proliferation, independently of p53 and p73. In addition, sh-p63 cells have a defect in mitochondria respiration highlighted by a reduction in spare respiratory capacity and a decrease in complex I, IV protein levels. These results demonstrated that, beside contributing to cell cycle exit, TAp63γ participates to myoblasts metabolism control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ciuffoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambacurta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry laboratory, Rome, Italy
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11
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Regulation of mitochondrial activity controls the duration of skeletal muscle regeneration in response to injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12249. [PMID: 31439911 PMCID: PMC6706433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone is a major regulator of skeletal muscle development and repair, and also a key regulator of mitochondrial activity. We have previously identified a 43 kDa truncated form of the nuclear T3 receptor TRα1 (p43) which stimulates mitochondrial activity and regulates skeletal muscle features. However, its role in skeletal muscle regeneration remains to be addressed. To this end, we performed acute muscle injury induced by cardiotoxin in mouse tibialis in two mouse models where p43 is overexpressed in or depleted from skeletal muscle. The measurement of muscle fiber size distribution at different time point (up to 70 days) upon injury lead us to unravel requirement of the p43 signaling pathway for satellite cells dependent muscle regeneration; strongly delayed in the absence of p43; whereas the overexpression of the receptor enhances of the regeneration process. In addition, we found that satellite cells derived from p43-Tg mice display higher proliferation rates when cultured in vitro when compared to control myoblasts, whereas p43-/- satellites shows reduced proliferation capacity. These finding strongly support that p43 plays an important role in vivo by controling the duration of skeletal muscle regeneration after acute injury, possibly through the regulation of mitochondrial activity and myoblasts proliferation.
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12
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Saleh A, Subramaniam G, Raychaudhuri S, Dhawan J. Cytoplasmic sequestration of the RhoA effector mDiaphanous1 by Prohibitin2 promotes muscle differentiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8302. [PMID: 31165762 PMCID: PMC6549159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle differentiation is controlled by adhesion and growth factor-dependent signalling through common effectors that regulate muscle-specific transcriptional programs. Here we report that mDiaphanous1, an effector of adhesion-dependent RhoA-signalling, negatively regulates myogenesis at the level of Myogenin expression. In myotubes, over-expression of mDia1ΔN3, a RhoA-independent mutant, suppresses Myogenin promoter activity and expression. We investigated mDia1-interacting proteins that may counteract mDia1 to permit Myogenin expression and timely differentiation. Using yeast two-hybrid and mass-spectrometric analysis, we report that mDia1 has a stage-specific interactome, including Prohibitin2, MyoD, Akt2, and β-Catenin, along with a number of proteosomal and mitochondrial components. Of these interacting partners, Prohibitin2 colocalises with mDia1 in cytoplasmic punctae in myotubes. We mapped the interacting domains of mDia1 and Phb2, and used interacting (mDia1ΔN3/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Carboxy) and non-interacting pairs (mDia1H + P/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Amino) to dissect the functional consequences of this partnership on Myogenin promoter activity. Co-expression of full-length as well as mDia1-interacting domains of Prohibitin2 reverse the anti-myogenic effects of mDia1ΔN3, while non-interacting regions do not. Our results suggest that Prohibitin2 sequesters mDia1, dampens its anti-myogenic activity and fine-tunes RhoA-mDia1 signalling to promote differentiation. Overall, we report that mDia1 is multi-functional signalling effector whose anti-myogenic activity is modulated by a differentiation-dependent interactome. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Saleh
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gunasekaran Subramaniam
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Swasti Raychaudhuri
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India.
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
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13
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Luo P, Wang L, Luo L, Wang L, Yang K, Shu G, Wang S, Zhu X, Gao P, Jiang Q. Ca2+-Calcineurin-NFAT pathway mediates the effect of thymol on oxidative metabolism and fiber-type switch in skeletal muscle. Food Funct 2019; 10:5166-5173. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02248h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thymol is a major component of thyme, and it has been reported that thymol administration reduces body weight, plasma insulin and blood glucose in type-2 diabetes.
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Prince LM, Rand MD. Methylmercury exposure causes a persistent inhibition of myogenin expression and C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Toxicology 2018; 393:113-122. [PMID: 29104120 PMCID: PMC5757876 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant, best known for its selective targeting of the developing nervous system. MeHg exposure has been shown to cause motor deficits such as impaired gait and coordination, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy, which have been associated with disruption of motor neurons. However, recent studies have suggested that muscle may also be a target of MeHg toxicity, both in the context of developmental myogenic events and of low-level chronic exposures affecting muscle wasting in aging. We therefore investigated the effects of MeHg on myotube formation, using the C2C12 mouse myoblast model. We found that MeHg inhibits both differentiation and fusion, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, MeHg specifically and persistently inhibits myogenin (MyoG), a transcription factor involved in myocyte differentiation, within the first six hours of exposure. MeHg-induced reduction in MyoG expression is contemporaneous with a reduction of a number of factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and mtDNA transcription and translation, which may implicate a role for mitochondria in mediating MeHg-induced change in the differentiation program. Unexpectedly, inhibition of myoblast differentiation with MeHg parallels inhibition of Notch receptor signaling. Our research establishes muscle cell differentiation as a target for MeHg toxicity, which may contribute to the underlying etiology of motor deficits with MeHg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Prince
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Department of Environmental Medicine, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Matthew D Rand
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Department of Environmental Medicine, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F, Cabello G. Thyroid Hormone Action: The p43 Mitochondrial Pathway. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1801:163-181. [PMID: 29892824 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7902-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The possibility that several pathways are involved in the multiplicity of thyroid hormone physiological influences led to searches for the occurrence of T3 extra nuclear receptors. The existence of a direct T3 mitochondrial pathway is now well established. The demonstration that TRα1 mRNA encodes not only a nuclear thyroid hormone receptor but also two proteins imported into mitochondria with molecular masses of 43 and 28 kDa has provided new clues to understand the pleiotropic influence of iodinated hormones.The use of a T3 photo affinity label derivative (T3-PAL) allowed detecting two mitochondrial T3 binding proteins. In association with western blots using antibodies raised against the T3 nuclear receptor TRα1, mitochondrial T3 receptors were identified as truncated TRα1 forms. Import and in organello transcription experiments performed in isolated mitochondria led to the conclusion that p43 is a transcription factor of the mitochondrial genome, inducing changes in the mitochondrial/nuclear crosstalk. In vitro experiments indicated that this T3 mitochondrial pathway affects cell differentiation, apoptosis, and transformation. Generation of transgenic mice demonstrated the involvement of this mitochondrial pathway in the determination of muscle phenotype, glucose metabolism, and thermogenesis.
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16
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Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F, Cabello G. Mitochondrial T3 receptor and targets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 458:112-120. [PMID: 28167126 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The demonstration that TRα1 mRNA encodes a nuclear thyroid hormone receptor and two proteins imported into mitochondria with molecular masses of 43 and 28 kDa has brought new clues to better understand the pleiotropic influence of iodinated hormones. If p28 activity remains unknown, p43 binds to T3 responsive elements occurring in the organelle genome, and, in the T3 presence, stimulates mitochondrial transcription and the subsequent synthesis of mitochondrial encoded proteins. This influence increases mitochondrial activity and through changes in the mitochondrial/nuclear cross talk affects important nuclear target genes regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, oncogenesis, or apoptosis. In addition, this pathway influences muscle metabolic and contractile phenotype, as well as glycaemia regulation. Interestingly, according to the process considered, p43 exerts opposite or cooperative effects with the well-known T3 pathway, thus allowing a fine tuning of the physiological influence of this hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France.
| | - François Casas
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Cabello
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 34060 Montpellier, France
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17
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Gothié JD, Sébillot A, Luongo C, Legendre M, Nguyen Van C, Le Blay K, Perret-Jeanneret M, Remaud S, Demeneix BA. Adult neural stem cell fate is determined by thyroid hormone activation of mitochondrial metabolism. Mol Metab 2017; 6:1551-1561. [PMID: 29107300 PMCID: PMC5681236 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In the adult brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) located in the subventricular zone (SVZ) produce both neuronal and glial cells. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate adult NSC differentiation towards a neuronal phenotype, but also have major roles in mitochondrial metabolism. As NSC metabolism relies mainly on glycolysis, whereas mature cells preferentially use oxidative phosphorylation, we studied how THs and mitochondrial metabolism interact on NSC fate determination. Methods We used a mitochondrial membrane potential marker in vivo to analyze mitochondrial activity in the different cell types in the SVZ of euthyroid and hypothyroid mice. Using primary adult NSC cultures, we analyzed ROS production, SIRT1 expression, and phosphorylation of DRP1 (a mitochondrial fission mediator) as a function of TH availability. Results We observed significantly higher mitochondrial activity in cells adopting a neuronal phenotype in vivo in euthyroid mice. However, prolonged hypothyroidism reduced not only neuroblast numbers but also their mitochondrial activity. In vitro studies showed that TH availability favored a neuronal phenotype and that blocking mitochondrial respiration abrogated TH-induced neuronal fate determination. DRP1 phosphorylation was preferentially activated in cells within the neuronal lineage and was stimulated by TH availability. Conclusions These results indicate that THs favor NSC fate choice towards a neuronal phenotype in the adult mouse SVZ through effects on mitochondrial metabolism. Thyroid hormones (TH) favor neuronal fate decision in the adult sub-ventricular zone (SVZ). Mitochondrial activity and ROS production are higher in cells differentiating to neuronal fate. TH activate the fission-inducing factor DRP1 in cells acquiring a neuronal fate. TH favor a neuronal fate in the adult SVZ through induction of mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Gothié
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - A Sébillot
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - C Luongo
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - M Legendre
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - C Nguyen Van
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - K Le Blay
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - M Perret-Jeanneret
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France
| | - S Remaud
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France.
| | - B A Demeneix
- CNRS, UMR 7221, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris France.
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Yu QP, Feng DY, He XJ, Wu F, Xia MH, Dong T, Liu YH, Tan HZ, Zou SG, Zheng T, Ou XH, Zuo JJ. Effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula and its extraction on muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs, porcine cell proliferation and isoforms of myosin heavy chain gene expression in myocytes. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1620-1632. [PMID: 28728382 PMCID: PMC5666198 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula (TCMF) on muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs and the effects of the formula’s extract (distilled water, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extraction) on porcine cell proliferation and isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) gene expression in myocytes. Methods In a completely randomized design, ninety pigs were assigned to three diets with five replications per treatment and six pigs per pen. The diets included the basal diet (control group), TCMF1 (basal diet+2.5 g/kg TCMF) and TCMF2 (basal diet+5 g/kg TCMF). The psoas major muscle was obtained from pigs at the end of the experiment. Muscle fiber characteristics in the psoas major muscle were analyzed using myosin ATPase staining. Cell proliferation was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye and cytometry. Isoforms of MyHC gene expression were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The final body weight and carcass weight of finishing pigs were increased by TCMF1 (p<0.05), while the psoas major muscle cross-sectional area was increased by TCMF (p<0.05). The cross-sectional area and diameter of psoas major muscle fiber I, IIA, and IIB were increased by TCMF2 (p<0.05). The cross-sectional area and fiber diameter of psoas major muscle fiber IIA and IIB were increased by diet supplementation with TCMF1 (p<0.05). Psoas major muscle fiber IIA and IIB fiber density from the pigs fed the TCMF1 diet and the type IIB fiber density from the pigs fed the TCMF2 diet were lower compared to pigs fed the control diet (p<0.05). Pigs fed TCMF2 had a higher composition of type I fiber and a lower percentage of type IIB fiber in the psoas major muscle (p<0.05). The expression levels of MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx mRNA increased and the amount of MyHC IIb mRNA decreased in the psoas major muscle from TCMF2, whereas MyHC I and MyHC IIx mRNA increased in the psoas major muscle from TCMF1 (p<0.05). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α and CaN mRNA expression in the psoas major muscle were up-regulated by TCMF (p<0.05). Porcine skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation was promoted by 4 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL TCMF water extraction (p<0.05). Both 1 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL of TCMF water extraction increased MyHC IIa, MyHC IIb, and MyHC IIx mRNA expression in porcine myocytes (p<0.05), while MyHC I mRNA expression in porcine myocytes was decreased by 5 μg/mL TCMF water extraction (p<0.05). Porcine myocyte MyHC I and MyHC IIx mRNA expression were increased, and MyHC IIa and MyHC IIb mRNA expression were down-regulated by 5 μg/mL TCMF ethyl acetate extraction (p<0.05). MyHC I and MyHC IIa mRNA expression in porcine myocytes were increased, and the MyHC IIb mRNA expression was decreased by 1 μg/mL TCMF ethyl acetate extraction (p<0.05). Four isoforms of MyHC mRNA expression in porcine myocytes were reduced by 5 μg/mL TCMF petroleum ether extraction (p<0.05). MyHC IIa mRNA expression in porcine myocytes increased and MyHC IIb mRNA expression decreased by 1 μg/mL in a TCMF petroleum ether extraction (p<0.05). Conclusion These results indicated that TCMF amplified the psoas major muscle cross-sectional area through changing muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs. This effect was confirmed as TCMF extraction promoted porcine cell proliferation and affected isoforms of MyHC gene expression in myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ping Yu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ding Yuan Feng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiao Jun He
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Min Hao Xia
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Tao Dong
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yi Hua Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Hui Ze Tan
- Guangdong Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong 527300, China
| | - Shi Geng Zou
- Guangdong Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong 527300, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Nong Zhi Dao Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xian Hua Ou
- Nong Zhi Dao Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jian Jun Zuo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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Abstract
The hypermetabolic effects of thyroid hormones (THs), the major endocrine regulators of metabolic rate, are widely recognized. Although, the cellular mechanisms underlying these effects have been extensively investigated, much has yet to be learned about how TH regulates diverse cellular functions. THs have a profound impact on mitochondria, the organelles responsible for the majority of cellular energy production, and several studies have been devoted to understand the respective importance of the nuclear and mitochondrial pathways for organelle activity. During the last decades, several new aspects of both THs (i.e., metabolism, transport, mechanisms of action, and the existence of metabolically active TH derivatives) and mitochondria (i.e., dynamics, respiratory chain organization in supercomplexes, and the discovery of uncoupling proteins other than uncoupling protein 1) have emerged, thus opening new perspectives to the investigation of the complex relationship between thyroid and the mitochondrial compartment. In this review, in the light of an historical background, we attempt to point out the present findings regarding thyroid physiology and the emerging recognition that mitochondrial dynamics as well as the arrangement of the electron transport chain in mitochondrial cristae contribute to the mitochondrial activity. We unravel the genomic and nongenomic mechanisms so far studied as well as the effects of THs on mitochondrial energetics and, principally, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation via various mechanisms involving uncoupling proteins. The emergence of new approaches to the question as to what extent and how the action of TH can affect mitochondria is highlighted. © 2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:1591-1607, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
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Creatine Prevents the Structural and Functional Damage to Mitochondria in Myogenic, Oxidatively Stressed C2C12 Cells and Restores Their Differentiation Capacity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5152029. [PMID: 27610211 PMCID: PMC5005540 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5152029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Creatine (Cr) is a nutritional supplement promoting a number of health benefits. Indeed Cr has been shown to be beneficial in disease-induced muscle atrophy, improve rehabilitation, and afford mild antioxidant activity. The beneficial effects are likely to derive from pleiotropic interactions. In accord with this notion, we previously demonstrated that multiple pleiotropic effects, including preservation of mitochondrial damage, account for the capacity of Cr to prevent the differentiation arrest caused by oxidative stress in C2C12 myoblasts. Given the importance of mitochondria in supporting the myogenic process, here we further explored the protective effects of Cr on the structure, function, and networking of these organelles in C2C12 cells differentiating under oxidative stressing conditions; the effects on the energy sensor AMPK, on PGC-1α, which is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and its downstream effector Tfam were also investigated. Our results indicate that damage to mitochondria is crucial in the differentiation imbalance caused by oxidative stress and that the Cr-prevention of these injuries is invariably associated with the recovery of the normal myogenic capacity. We also found that Cr activates AMPK and induces an upregulation of PGC-1α expression, two events which are likely to contribute to the protection of mitochondrial quality and function.
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Lee D, Kim YW, Kim JH, Yang M, Bae H, Lim I, Bang H, Go KC, Yang GW, Rho YH, Park HS, Park EH, Ko JH. Improvement Characteristics of Bio-active Materials Coated Fabric on Rat Muscular Mitochondria. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 19:283-9. [PMID: 25954135 PMCID: PMC4422970 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.3.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study surveys the improvement characteristics in old-aged muscular mitochondria by bio-active materials coated fabric (BMCF). To observe the effects, the fabric (10 and 30%) was worn to old-aged rat then the oxygen consumption efficiency and copy numbers of mitochondria, and mRNA expression of apoptosis- and mitophagy-related genes were verified. By wearing the BMCF, the oxidative respiration significantly increased when using the 30% materials coated fabric. The mitochondrial DNA copy number significantly decreased and subsequently recovered in a dose-dependent manner. The respiratory control ratio to mitochondrial DNA copy number showed a dose-dependent increment. As times passed, Bax, caspase 9, PGC-1α and β-actin increased, and Bcl-2 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. However, the BMCF can be seen to have had no effect on Fas receptor. PINK1 expression did not change considerably and was inclined to decrease in control group, but the expression was down-regulated then subsequently increased with the use of the BMCF in a dose-dependent manner. Caspase 3 increased and subsequently decreased in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the BMCF invigorates mitophagy and improves mitochondrial oxidative respiration in skeletal muscle, and in early stage of apoptosis induced by the BMCF is not related to extrinsic death-receptor mediated but mitochondria-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Young-Won Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Misuk Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Hyemi Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Inja Lim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Hyoweon Bang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chan Go
- Research and Development Center, VENTEX Co. Ltd., Seoul 138-220, Korea
| | - Gwang-Wung Yang
- Research and Development Center, VENTEX Co. Ltd., Seoul 138-220, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Rho
- Research and Development Center, VENTEX Co. Ltd., Seoul 138-220, Korea
| | - Hyo-Suk Park
- Research and Development Center, VENTEX Co. Ltd., Seoul 138-220, Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Park
- Research and Development Center, VENTEX Co. Ltd., Seoul 138-220, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Ko
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Grefte S, Wagenaars JAL, Jansen R, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Rotenone inhibits primary murine myotube formation via Raf-1 and ROCK2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:1606-14. [PMID: 25827955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT) is a widely used inhibitor of complex I (CI), the first complex of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. However, particularly at high concentrations ROT was also described to display off-target effects. Here we studied how ROT affected in vitro primary murine myotube formation. We demonstrate that myotube formation is specifically inhibited by ROT (10-100nM), but not by piericidin A (PA; 100nM), another CI inhibitor. At 100nM, both ROT and PA fully blocked myoblast oxygen consumption. Knock-down of Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) and, to a lesser extent ROCK1, prevented the ROT-induced inhibition of myotube formation. Moreover, the latter was reversed by inhibiting Raf-1 activity. In contrast, ROT-induced inhibition of myotube formation was not prevented by knock-down of RhoA. Taken together, our results support a model in which ROT reduces primary myotube formation independent of its inhibitory effect on CI-driven mitochondrial ATP production, but via a mechanism primarily involving the Raf-1/ROCK2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Grefte
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jori A L Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Renate Jansen
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Alves AN, de Oliveira Cardoso V, Artilheiro PP, Bussadori SK, Rocha LA, Nunes FD, Fernandes KPS. Low-level laser irradiation modulates cell viability and creatine kinase activity in C2C12 muscle cells during the differentiation process. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2209-13. [PMID: 25616713 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is increasingly used to treat musculoskeletal disorders, with satisfactory results described in the literature. Skeletal muscle satellite cells play a key role in muscle regeneration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LLLI on cell viability, creatine kinase (CK) activity, and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors in C2C12 myoblasts during the differentiation process. C2C12 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 2% horse serum and submitted to irradiation with GaAlAs diode laser (wavelength, 780 nm; output power, 10 mW; energy density, 5 J/cm2). Cell viability and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors were assessed 24, 48, and 72 h after irradiation by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. CK activity was analyzed at 24 and 72 h. An increase in cell viability was found in the laser group in comparison to the control group at all evaluation times. CK activity was significantly increased in the laser group at 72 h. Myogenin messenger RNA (mRNA) demonstrated a tendency toward an increase in the laser group, but the difference in comparison to the control group was non-significant. In conclusion, LLLI was able to modulate cell viability and CK activity in C2C12 myoblasts during the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil.
| | - Agnelo Neves Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Vinicius de Oliveira Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Paola Pelegrineli Artilheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Lilia Alves Rocha
- Departament of Molecular Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
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Peng WH, Lee YC, Chau YP, Lu KS, Kung HN. Short-term exposure of zebrafish embryos to arecoline leads to retarded growth, motor impairment, and somite muscle fiber changes. Zebrafish 2014; 12:58-70. [PMID: 25549301 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2014.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The areca nut-chewing habit is common in Southeast Asia, India, and Taiwan, and arecoline is the most abundant and potent component in the areca nut. The effects of arecoline on birth defects have been explored in many species, including chicken, mice, and zebrafish. The effects of arecoline on embryos after long-term exposure are well established; however, the effects of short-term embryo exposure to arecoline are not understood. Using zebrafish, we study the effects of short-term exposure of arecoline on embryos to model the human habit of areca nut-chewing during early pregnancy. Arecoline, at concentrations from 0.001% to 0.04%, was administered to zebrafish embryos from 4 to 24 hours post fertilization. The morphological changes, survival rates, body length, and skeletal muscle fiber structure were then investigated by immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and conventional electron microscopy. With exposure of embryos to increasing arecoline concentrations, we observed a significant decline in the hatching and survival rates, general growth retardation, lower locomotor activity, and swimming ability impairment. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated a loose arrangement of myosin heavy chains, and ultrastructural observations revealed altered myofibril arrangement and swelling of the mitochondria. In addition, the results of flow-cytometry and JC-1 staining to assay mitochondria activity, as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses of functional gene expression, revealed mitochondrial dysfunctions after exposure to arecoline. We confirmed that short-term arecoline exposure resulted in retarded embryonic development and decreased locomotor activity due to defective somitic skeletal muscle development and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hau Peng
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
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Abdel Khalek W, Cortade F, Ollendorff V, Lapasset L, Tintignac L, Chabi B, Wrutniak-Cabello C. SIRT3, a mitochondrial NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase, is involved in the regulation of myoblast differentiation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114388. [PMID: 25489948 PMCID: PMC4260865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), one of the seven mammalian sirtuins, is a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase known to control key metabolic pathways. SIRT3 deacetylases and activates a large number of mitochondrial enzymes involved in the respiratory chain, in ATP production, and in both the citric acid and urea cycles. We have previously shown that the regulation of myoblast differentiation is tightly linked to mitochondrial activity. Since SIRT3 modulates mitochondrial activity, we decide to address its role during myoblast differentiation. For this purpose, we first investigated the expression of endogenous SIRT3 during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. We further studied the impact of SIRT3 silencing on both the myogenic potential and the mitochondrial activity of C2C12 cells. We showed that SIRT3 protein expression peaked at the onset of myoblast differentiation. The inhibition of SIRT3 expression mediated by the stable integration of SIRT3 short inhibitory RNA (SIRT3shRNA) in C2C12 myoblasts, resulted in: 1) abrogation of terminal differentiation - as evidenced by a marked decrease in the myoblast fusion index and a significant reduction of Myogenin, MyoD, Sirtuin 1 and Troponin T protein expression - restored upon MyoD overexpression; 2) a decrease in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and citrate synthase protein expression reflecting an alteration of mitochondrial density; and 3) an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mirrored by the decreased activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Altogether our data demonstrate that SIRT3 mainly regulates myoblast differentiation via its influence on mitochondrial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waed Abdel Khalek
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabienne Cortade
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Ollendorff
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Laure Lapasset
- IGMM, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR5535, Montpellier France - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Tintignac
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Chabi
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, F-34060 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 1, F-34000 Montpellier - Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Pessemesse L, Lepourry L, Bouton K, Levin J, Cabello G, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F. p28, a truncated form of TRα1 regulates mitochondrial physiology. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4037-43. [PMID: 25263706 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously identified in mitochondria two truncated forms of the T3 nuclear receptor TRα1, with molecular weights of 43kDa (p43) and 28kDa (p28) respectively located in the matrix and in the inner membrane. Previously, we have demonstrated that p43 stimulates mitochondrial transcription and protein synthesis in the presence of T3. Here we report that p28 is targeted into the organelle in a T3-dependent manner and displays an affinity for T3 higher than the nuclear receptor. We tried to generate mice overexpressing p28 using the human α-skeletal actin promoter, however we found an early embryonic lethality that was probably linked to a transient expression of p28 in trophoblast giant cells. This could be partly explained by the observation that overexpression of p28 in human fibroblasts induced alterations of mitochondrial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Pessemesse
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lepourry
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Katia Bouton
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Levin
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Cabello
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - François Casas
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier I et II, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
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Bertrand C, Blanchet E, Pessemesse L, Annicotte JS, Feillet-Coudray C, Chabi B, Levin J, Fajas L, Cabello G, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F. Mice lacking the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor become glucose intolerant and insulin resistant during aging. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75111. [PMID: 24098680 PMCID: PMC3787095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) play an important regulatory role in energy expenditure regulation and are key regulators of mitochondrial activity. We have previously identified a mitochondrial triiodothyronine (T3) receptor (p43) which acts as a mitochondrial transcription factor of the organelle genome, which leads in vitro and in vivo, to a stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Recently, we generated mice carrying a specific p43 invalidation. At 2 months of age, we reported that p43 depletion in mice induced a major defect in insulin secretion both in vivo and in isolated pancreatic islets, and a loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The present study was designed to determine whether p43 invalidation influences life expectancy and modulates blood glucose and insulin levels as well as glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity during aging. We report that from 4 months old onwards, mice lacking p43 are leaner than wild-type mice. p43−/− mice also have a moderate reduction of life expectancy compared to wild type. We found no difference in blood glucose levels, excepted at 24 months old where p43−/− mice showed a strong hyperglycemia in fasting conditions compared to controls animals. However, the loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was maintained whatever the age of mice lacking p43. If up to 12 months old, glucose tolerance remained unchanged, beyond this age p43−/− mice became increasingly glucose intolerant. In addition, if up to 12 months old p43 deficient animals were more sensitive to insulin, after this age we observed a loss of this capacity, culminating in 24 months old mice with a decreased sensitivity to the hormone. In conclusion, we demonstrated that during aging the depletion of the mitochondrial T3 receptor p43 in mice progressively induced an increased glycemia in the fasted state, glucose intolerance and an insulin-resistance several features of type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Bertrand
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Blanchet
- IGMM, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR5535, Montpellier France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier France
| | - Laurence Pessemesse
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Sébastien Annicotte
- IGMM, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR5535, Montpellier France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier France
| | - Christine Feillet-Coudray
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Chabi
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Levin
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Lluis Fajas
- IGMM, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR5535, Montpellier France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier France
| | - Gérard Cabello
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - François Casas
- INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Fumel B, Roy S, Fouchécourt S, Livera G, Parent AS, Casas F, Guillou F. Depletion of the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor increases Sertoli cell proliferation in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74015. [PMID: 24040148 PMCID: PMC3767600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among T3 receptors, TRα1 is ubiquitous and its deletion or a specific expression of a dominant-negative TRα1 isoform in Sertoli cell leads to an increase in testis weight and sperm production. The identification of a 43-kDa truncated form of the nuclear receptor TRα1 (p43) in the mitochondrial matrix led us to test the hypothesis that this mitochondrial transcription factor could regulate Sertoli cell proliferation. Here we report that p43 depletion in mice increases testis weight and sperm reserve. In addition, we found that p43 deletion increases Sertoli cell proliferation in postnatal testis at 3 days of development. Electron microscopy studies evidence an alteration of mitochondrial morphology observed specifically in Sertoli cells of p43−/− mice. Moreover, gene expression studies indicate that the lack of p43 in testis induced an alteration of the mitochondrial-nuclear cross-talk. In particular, the up-regulation of Cdk4 and c-myc pathway in p43−/− probably explain the extended proliferation recorded in Sertoli cells of these mice. Our finding suggests that T3 limits post-natal Sertoli cell proliferation mainly through its mitochondrial T3 receptor p43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Fumel
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
- CNRS, UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Stéphanie Roy
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sophie Fouchécourt
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Gabriel Livera
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U967, CEA/DSV/iRCM/SCSR Laboratoire de Développement des Gonades, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Simone Parent
- Developmental Neuroendocrinology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - François Casas
- INRA, UMR 866 Dynamique Musculaire et métabolisme, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier 1 et 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Guillou
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
- * E-mail:
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Bayrasy C, Chabi B, Laguerre M, Lecomte J, Jublanc E, Villeneuve P, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Cabello G. Boosting antioxidants by lipophilization: a strategy to increase cell uptake and target mitochondria. Pharm Res 2013; 30:1979-89. [PMID: 23604925 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the possibility to boost phenolic antioxidants through their structural modification by lipophilization and check the influence of such covalent modification on cellular uptake and mitochondria targeting. METHODS Rosmarinic acid was lipophilized by various aliphatic chain lengths (butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl) to give rosmarinate alkyl esters which were then evaluated for their ability (i) to reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe, (ii) to cross fibroblast cell membranes using confocal microscopy, and (iii) to target mitochondria using MitoTracker® Red CMXRos. RESULTS Increasing the chain length led to an improvement of the antioxidant activity until a threshold is reached for medium chain (10 carbon atoms) and beyond which lengthening resulted in a decrease of activity. This nonlinear phenomenon-also known as the cut-off effect-is discussed here in connection to the previously similar results observed in emulsified, liposomal, and cellular systems. Moreover, butyl, octyl, and decyl rosmarinates passed through the membranes in less than 15 min, whereas longer esters did not cross membranes and formed extracellular aggregates. Besides cell uptake, alkyl chain length also determined the subcellular localization of esters: mitochondria for medium chains esters, cytosol for short chains and extracellular media for longer chains. CONCLUSION The localization of antioxidants within mitochondria, the major site and target of ROS, conferred an advantage to medium chain rosmarinates compared to both short and long chains. In conjunction with changes in cellular uptake, this result may explain the observed decrease of antioxidant activity when lengthening the lipid chain of esters. This brings a proof-of-concept that grafting medium chain allows the design of mitochondriotropic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Bayrasy
- CIRAD, UMR Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Montpellier 34398, France
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Mitochondria as a potential regulator of myogenesis. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:593267. [PMID: 23431256 PMCID: PMC3574753 DOI: 10.1155/2013/593267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that mitochondria play a role in the regulation of myogenesis. Indeed, the abundance, morphology, and functional properties of mitochondria become altered when the myoblasts differentiate into myotubes. For example, mitochondrial mass/volume, mtDNA copy number, and mitochondrial respiration are markedly increased after the onset of myogenic differentiation. Besides, mitochondrial enzyme activity is also increased, suggesting that the metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation as the major energy source occurs during myogenic differentiation. Several lines of evidence suggest that impairment of mitochondrial function and activity blocks myogenic differentiation. However, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of myogenesis by mitochondria. Understanding how mitochondria are involved in myogenesis will provide a valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms that regulate the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of mitochondria as a potential regulator of myogenesis.
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Carazo A, Levin J, Casas F, Seyer P, Grandemange S, Busson M, Pessemesse L, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Cabello G. Protein sequences involved in the mitochondrial import of the 3,5,3′-L-triiodothyronine receptor p43. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3768-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Pessemesse L, Schlernitzauer A, Sar C, Levin J, Grandemange S, Seyer P, Favier FB, Kaminski S, Cabello G, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F. Depletion of the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor in mice affects skeletal muscle development and activity. FASEB J 2011; 26:748-56. [PMID: 22109994 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-195933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, skeletal muscle myofibers display different contractile and metabolic properties associated with different mitochondrial content and activity. We have previously identified a mitochondrial triiodothyronine receptor (p43) regulating mitochondrial transcription and mitochondrial biogenesis. When overexpressed in skeletal muscle, it increases mitochondrial DNA content, stimulates mitochondrial respiration, and induces a shift in the metabolic and contractile features of muscle fibers toward a slower and more oxidative phenotype. Here we show that a p43 depletion in mice decreases mitochondrial DNA replication and respiratory chain activity in skeletal muscle in association with the induction of a more glycolytic muscle phenotype and a decrease of capillary density. In addition, p43(-/-) mice displayed a significant increase in muscle mass relative to control animals and had an improved ability to use lipids. Our findings establish that the p43 mitochondrial receptor strongly affects muscle mass and the metabolic and contractile features of myofibers and provides evidence that this receptor mediates, in part, the influence of thyroid hormone in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Pessemesse
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
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Blanchet E, Bertrand C, Annicotte JS, Schlernitzauer A, Pessemesse L, Levin J, Fouret G, Feillet-Coudray C, Bonafos B, Fajas L, Cabello G, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Casas F. Mitochondrial T3 receptor p43 regulates insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. FASEB J 2011; 26:40-50. [PMID: 21914860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-186841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone is a major determinant of energy expenditure and a key regulator of mitochondrial activity. We have previously identified a mitochondrial triiodothyronine receptor (p43) that acts as a mitochondrial transcription factor of the organelle genome, which leads, in vitro and in vivo, to a stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we generated mice specifically lacking p43 to address its physiological influence. We found that p43 is required for normal glucose homeostasis. The p43(-/-) mice had a major defect in insulin secretion both in vivo and in isolated pancreatic islets and a loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Moreover, a high-fat/high-sucrose diet elicited more severe glucose intolerance than that recorded in normal animals. In addition, we observed in p43(-/-) mice both a decrease in pancreatic islet density and in the activity of complexes of the respiratory chain in isolated pancreatic islets. These dysfunctions were associated with a down-regulation of the expression of the glucose transporter Glut2 and of Kir6.2, a key component of the K(ATP) channel. Our findings establish that p43 is an important regulator of glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β-cell function and provide evidence for the first time of a physiological role for a mitochondrial endocrine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Blanchet
- UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
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