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Nie X, Fan J, Dai B, Wen Z, Li H, Chen C, Wang DW. LncRNA CHKB-DT Downregulation Enhances Dilated Cardiomyopathy Through ALDH2. Circ Res 2024; 134:425-441. [PMID: 38299365 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human cardiac long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profiles in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were previously analyzed, and the long noncoding RNA CHKB (choline kinase beta) divergent transcript (CHKB-DT) levels were found to be mostly downregulated in the heart. In this study, the function of CHKB-DT in DCM was determined. METHODS Long noncoding RNA expression levels in the human heart tissues were measured via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization assays. A CHKB-DT heterozygous or homozygous knockout mouse model was generated using the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system, and the adeno-associated virus with a cardiac-specific promoter was used to deliver the RNA in vivo. Sarcomere shortening was performed to assess the primary cardiomyocyte contractility. The Seahorse XF cell mitochondrial stress test was performed to determine the energy metabolism and ATP production. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms were explored using quantitative proteomics, ribosome profiling, RNA antisense purification assays, mass spectrometry, RNA pull-down, luciferase assay, RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization, and Western blotting. RESULTS CHKB-DT levels were remarkably decreased in patients with DCM and mice with transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure. Heterozygous knockout of CHKB-DT in cardiomyocytes caused cardiac dilation and dysfunction and reduced the contractility of primary cardiomyocytes. Moreover, CHKB-DT heterozygous knockout impaired mitochondrial function and decreased ATP production as well as cardiac energy metabolism. Mechanistically, ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) was a direct target of CHKB-DT. CHKB-DT physically interacted with the mRNA of ALDH2 and fused in sarcoma (FUS) through the GGUG motif. CHKB-DT knockdown aggravated ALDH2 mRNA degradation and 4-HNE (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) production, whereas overexpression of CHKB-DT reversed these molecular changes. Furthermore, restoring ALDH2 expression in CHKB-DT+/- mice alleviated cardiac dilation and dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS CHKB-DT is significantly downregulated in DCM. CHKB-DT acts as an energy metabolism-associated long noncoding RNA and represents a promising therapeutic target against DCM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Mice
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/metabolism
- Down-Regulation
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Beibei Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.D., Z.W., H.L.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.D., Z.W., H.L.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.D., Z.W., H.L.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (X.N., J.F., B.D., Z.W., H.L., C.C., D.W.W.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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2
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Schomakers BV, Jillings SL, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Salomons GS, Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Ophthalmic acid is a glutathione regulating tripeptide. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38245827 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1958 in the lens of cows, ophthalmic acid (OPH) has stood in the shadow of its anti-oxidant analog: glutathione (GSH). Lacking the thiol group that gives GSH many of its important properties, ophthalmic acid's function has remained elusive, and it has been widely presumed to be an accidental product of the same enzymes. In this review, we compile evidence demonstrating that OPH is a ubiquitous metabolite found in bacteria, plants, fungi, and animals, produced through several layers of metabolic regulation. We discuss the limitations of the oft-repeated suggestions that aberrations in OPH levels should solely indicate GSH deficiency or oxidative stress. Finally, we discuss the available literature and suggest OPH's role in metabolism as a GSH-regulating tripeptide; controlling both cellular and organelle influx and efflux of GSH, as well as modulating GSH-dependent reactions and signaling. Ultimately, we hope that this review reinvigorates and directs more research into this versatile metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia L Jillings
- Green Biotechnology, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands
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3
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Ping Z, Zhang XL, Wang ZW, Cao XB. The effect of long-term moderate exercise on myocardial metabolome in rats. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:558-566. [PMID: 38149568 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular moderate physical exercise is beneficial for the cardiovascular system. Our prior study has demonstrated a long-term moderate exercise (4-week of 60-min 74.0% V̇O2max treadmill running) is optimal in protecting from exhaustive exercise-induced cardiac ischemic injury. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of long-term moderate exercise on myocardial metabolome in rats. Thirteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into the control group (C) and the long-term moderate exercise group (E). The targeted metabolomics of the myocardium was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system. Results showed that the metabolites categories of bile acids (BAs), fatty acids (FAs), and phenylpropanoic acids were significantly decreased. The biosynthesis of unsaturated FAs pathway was significantly downregulated. The altered metabolites in the E Group included decreased FAs (pentadecanoic acid, 10Z-heptadecenoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and 10Z-nonadecenoic acid), decreased BAs (chenodeoxycholic acid and beta-muricholic acid), decreased organic acids (glycolic acid and 2-hydroxyglutaric acid), decreased carbohydrate (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac), decreased amino acids (α-aminobutyric acid and norvaline), decreased phenylpropanoic acids (hydroxyphenyllactic acid), and benzoic acids (4-hydroxybenzoic acid and phthalic acid). The results indicated that long-term moderate exercise has promoted lipids utilization in myocardium while exerted little influence on carbohydrate metabolism and diminished many detrimental metabolites. Notably, decrease of myocardial carbohydrate Neu5Ac after long-term moderate exercise might predict a prospective metabolomics biomarker for cardioprotection. This research has displayed the effect of long-term moderate exercise on myocardial metabolomic profiling in rats and indicated some promising metabolites which can be applied for exercise benefits in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ping
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zi Wen Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Bin Cao
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Targeting mitochondrial impairment for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: From hypertension to ischemia-reperfusion injury, searching for new pharmacological targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115405. [PMID: 36603686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins represent a group of promising pharmacological target candidates in the search of new molecular targets and drugs to counteract the onset of hypertension and more in general cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Indeed, several mitochondrial pathways result impaired in CVDs, showing ATP depletion and ROS production as common traits of cardiac tissue degeneration. Thus, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes can represent a successful strategy to prevent heart failure. In this context, the identification of new pharmacological targets among mitochondrial proteins paves the way for the design of new selective drugs. Thanks to the advances in omics approaches, to a greater availability of mitochondrial crystallized protein structures and to the development of new computational approaches for protein 3D-modelling and drug design, it is now possible to investigate in detail impaired mitochondrial pathways in CVDs. Furthermore, it is possible to design new powerful drugs able to hit the selected pharmacological targets in a highly selective way to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction and prevent cardiac tissue degeneration. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset of CVDs appears increasingly evident, as reflected by the impairment of proteins involved in lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dynamics, respiratory chain complexes, and membrane polarization maintenance in CVD patients. Conversely, little is known about proteins responsible for the cross-talk between mitochondria and cytoplasm in cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial transporters of the SLC25A family, in particular, are responsible for the translocation of nucleotides (e.g., ATP), amino acids (e.g., aspartate, glutamate, ornithine), organic acids (e.g. malate and 2-oxoglutarate), and other cofactors (e.g., inorganic phosphate, NAD+, FAD, carnitine, CoA derivatives) between the mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments. Thus, mitochondrial transporters play a key role in the mitochondria-cytosol cross-talk by leading metabolic pathways such as the malate/aspartate shuttle, the carnitine shuttle, the ATP export from mitochondria, and the regulation of permeability transition pore opening. Since all these pathways are crucial for maintaining healthy cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial carriers emerge as an interesting class of new possible pharmacological targets for CVD treatments.
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Takahashi C, Oishi M, Iwata Y, Maekawa K, Matsumura T. Impact of the TRPV2 Inhibitor on Advanced Heart Failure in Patients with Muscular Dystrophy: Exploratory Study of Biomarkers Related to the Efficacy of Tranilast. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032167. [PMID: 36768491 PMCID: PMC9917168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in patients with muscular dystrophy (MD). Tranilast, a widely used anti-allergic drug, has displayed inhibitory activity against the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 and improved cardiac function in MD patients. To identify urinary biomarkers that assess improved cardiac function after tranilast administration, we performed a urinary metabolomic study focused on oxidative fatty acids. Accompanying the clinical trial of tranilast, urine specimens were collected over 24 weeks from MD patients with advanced heart failure. Urinary levels of tetranor-PGDM (tetranor-prostaglandin D metabolite), a metabolite of prostaglandin D2, significantly decreased 12 weeks after tranilast administration and were correlated with BNP. These results suggest that prostaglandin-mediated inflammation, which increases with the pathological progression of heart failure in MD patients, was attenuated. Urinary prostaglandin E3 (PGE3) levels significantly increased 4 weeks after tranilast administration. There were positive correlations between the urinary levels of PGE3 and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, an oxidative stress marker. High PGE3 levels may have a protective effect against cardiomyopathy in MD patients with high oxidative stress. Although further validation studies are necessary, urinary tetranor-PGDM and PGE3 levels may help the current understanding of the extent of advanced heart failure in patients with MD after tranilast administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Takahashi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe 610-0395, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Oishi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe 610-0395, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Iwata
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita 564-8565, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiko Maekawa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe 610-0395, Kyoto, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Matsumura
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, 5-1-1 Toneyama, Toyonaka 560-8551, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (T.M.)
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6
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Smith CE, Parnell LD, Lai CQ, Rush JE, Adin DB, Ordovás JM, Freeman LM. Metabolomic profiling in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy eating non-traditional or traditional diets and in healthy controls. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22585. [PMID: 36585421 PMCID: PMC9803641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), caused by genetic and environmental factors, usually progresses to heart failure, a major cause of death in elderly people. A diet-associated form of DCM was recently identified in pet dogs eating non-traditional (NT) diets. To identify potential dietary causes, we analyzed metabolomic signatures and gene set/pathway enrichment in (1) all dogs based on disease, diet, and their interactions and (2) dogs with DCM based on diet. Metabolomic analysis was performed in 38 dogs with DCM eating NT diets (DCM-NT), 8 dogs with DCM eating traditional diets, 12 healthy controls eating NT diets, and 17 healthy controls eating traditional diets. Overall, 153 and 63 metabolites differed significantly between dogs with DCM versus healthy controls and dogs eating NT versus traditional diets, respectively, with 12 metabolites overlapping both analyses. Protein-protein interaction networks and gene set enrichment analysis identified 105 significant pathways and gene sets including aging-related pathways (e.g., nuclear factor-kappa B, oxidative damage, inflammation). Seventeen metabolites differed significantly in dogs with DCM eating NT versus traditional diets (e.g., fatty acids, amino acids, legume biomarkers), suggesting different mechanisms for primary versus diet-associated DCM. Our multifaceted metabolomic assessment of DCM in dogs highlighted diet's role in some forms of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren E. Smith
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Laurence D. Parnell
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531USDA Agricultural Research Service, Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531USDA Agricultural Research Service, Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA USA
| | - John E. Rush
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA USA
| | - Darcy B. Adin
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - José M. Ordovás
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Lisa M. Freeman
- grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA USA
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7
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Li S, Zhan M, Yan S, Xiao X. The Antifatigue Mechanism of Buyang-huanwu Decoction as Revealed by Serum Metabolomics in an Endurance Swimming Rat Model. J Med Food 2022; 25:1038-1049. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhan
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
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Tachycardiomyopathy entails a dysfunctional pattern of interrelated mitochondrial functions. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:45. [PMID: 36068416 PMCID: PMC9448689 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tachycardiomyopathy is characterised by reversible left ventricular dysfunction, provoked by rapid ventricular rate. While the knowledge of mitochondria advanced in most cardiomyopathies, mitochondrial functions await elucidation in tachycardiomyopathy. Pacemakers were implanted in 61 rabbits. Tachypacing was performed with 330 bpm for 10 days (n = 11, early left ventricular dysfunction) or with up to 380 bpm over 30 days (n = 24, tachycardiomyopathy, TCM). In n = 26, pacemakers remained inactive (SHAM). Left ventricular tissue was subjected to respirometry, metabolomics and acetylomics. Results were assessed for translational relevance using a human-based model: induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes underwent field stimulation for 7 days (TACH-iPSC-CM). TCM animals showed systolic dysfunction compared to SHAM (fractional shortening 37.8 ± 1.0% vs. 21.9 ± 1.2%, SHAM vs. TCM, p < 0.0001). Histology revealed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (cross-sectional area 393.2 ± 14.5 µm2 vs. 538.9 ± 23.8 µm2, p < 0.001) without fibrosis. Mitochondria were shifted to the intercalated discs and enlarged. Mitochondrial membrane potential remained stable in TCM. The metabolite profiles of ELVD and TCM were characterised by profound depletion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Redox balance was shifted towards a more oxidised state (ratio of reduced to oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 10.5 ± 2.1 vs. 4.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.01). The mitochondrial acetylome remained largely unchanged. Neither TCM nor TACH-iPSC-CM showed relevantly increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative phosphorylation capacity of TCM decreased modestly in skinned fibres (168.9 ± 11.2 vs. 124.6 ± 11.45 pmol·O2·s-1·mg-1 tissue, p < 0.05), but it did not in isolated mitochondria. The pattern of mitochondrial dysfunctions detected in two models of tachycardiomyopathy diverges from previously published characteristic signs of other heart failure aetiologies.
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Ranjbarvaziri S, Kooiker KB, Ellenberger M, Fajardo G, Zhao M, Vander Roest AS, Woldeyes RA, Koyano TT, Fong R, Ma N, Tian L, Traber GM, Chan F, Perrino J, Reddy S, Chiu W, Wu JC, Woo JY, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Snyder MP, Contrepois K, Bernstein D. Altered Cardiac Energetics and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2021; 144:1714-1731. [PMID: 34672721 PMCID: PMC8608736 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.053575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex disease partly explained by the effects of individual gene variants on sarcomeric protein biomechanics. At the cellular level, HCM mutations most commonly enhance force production, leading to higher energy demands. Despite significant advances in elucidating sarcomeric structure-function relationships, there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms that link altered cardiac energetics to HCM phenotypes. In this work, we test the hypothesis that changes in cardiac energetics represent a common pathophysiologic pathway in HCM. METHODS We performed a comprehensive multiomics profile of the molecular (transcripts, metabolites, and complex lipids), ultrastructural, and functional components of HCM energetics using myocardial samples from 27 HCM patients and 13 normal controls (donor hearts). RESULTS Integrated omics analysis revealed alterations in a wide array of biochemical pathways with major dysregulation in fatty acid metabolism, reduction of acylcarnitines, and accumulation of free fatty acids. HCM hearts showed evidence of global energetic decompensation manifested by a decrease in high energy phosphate metabolites (ATP, ADP, and phosphocreatine) and a reduction in mitochondrial genes involved in creatine kinase and ATP synthesis. Accompanying these metabolic derangements, electron microscopy showed an increased fraction of severely damaged mitochondria with reduced cristae density, coinciding with reduced citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial oxidative respiration. These mitochondrial abnormalities were associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and reduced antioxidant defenses. However, despite significant mitochondrial injury, HCM hearts failed to upregulate mitophagic clearance. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that perturbed metabolic signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction are common pathogenic mechanisms in patients with HCM. These results highlight potential new drug targets for attenuation of the clinical disease through improving metabolic function and reducing mitochondrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbarvaziri
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kristina B Kooiker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle (K.B.K.)
| | - Mathew Ellenberger
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Giovanni Fajardo
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Alison Schroer Vander Roest
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rahel A Woldeyes
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Tiffany T Koyano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Robyn Fong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Ning Ma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Lei Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Gavin M Traber
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Frandics Chan
- Department of Radiology (F.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - John Perrino
- Cell Sciences Imaging Facility (J.P.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Sushma Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Wah Chiu
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
- Division of Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Bioimaging, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph Y Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Kathleen M Ruppel
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Biochemistry (K.M.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
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10
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Giri P, Mukhopadhyay A, Gupta M, Mohapatra B. Dilated cardiomyopathy: a new insight into the rare but common cause of heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:431-454. [PMID: 34245424 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a global health burden responsible for high morbidity and mortality with a prevalence of greater than 60 million individuals worldwide. One of the major causes of heart failure is dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by associated systolic dysfunction. During the last few decades, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding about the genetics of dilated cardiomyopathy. The genetic causes were initially thought to be associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins that are localized to cytoskeleton and sarcomere only; however, with the advancement in mechanistic understanding, the roles of ion channels, Z-disc, mitochondria, nuclear proteins, cardiac transcription factors (e.g., NKX-2.5, TBX20, GATA4), and the factors involved in calcium homeostasis have also been identified and found to be implicated in both familial and sporadic DCM cases. During past few years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been established as a diagnostic tool for genetic analysis and it has added significantly to the existing candidate gene list for DCM. The animal models have also provided novel insights to develop a better treatment strategy based on phenotype-genotype correlation, epigenetic and phenomic profiling. Most of the DCM biomarkers that are used in routine genetic and clinical testing are structural proteins, but during the last few years, the role of mi-RNA has also emerged as a biomarker due to their accessibility through noninvasive methods. Our increasing genetic knowledge can improve the clinical management of DCM by bringing clinicians and geneticists on one platform, thereby influencing the individualized clinical decision making and leading to precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Giri
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Amrita Mukhopadhyay
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Mohini Gupta
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Mohapatra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi-5, India.
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11
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Monteiro JP, Maciel E, Melo T, Flanagan C, Urbani N, Neves J, Domingues MR. The plasma phospholipidome of Tursiops truncatus: From physiological insight to the design of prospective tools for managed cetacean monitorization. Lipids 2021; 56:461-473. [PMID: 34036588 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasma biochemical analysis remains one of the established ways of monitoring captive marine mammal health. More recently, complementary plasma lipidomic analysis has proven to be a valid tool in disease diagnosis and prevention, with the potential to validate and complement common biochemical analysis, providing a more integrative approach. In this study, we thoroughly characterized the plasma polar lipid content of Tursiops truncatus, the most common cetacean species held under human care. Our results showed that phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelins (CerPCho) are the most represented phospholipid classes in T. truncatus plasma. Palmitic, oleic, and stearic acids are the major fatty acid (FA) present esterified to the plasma polar lipids of this species, although some n-3 species are also remarkably present, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. The polar lipidome identified by HILIC LC-MS allowed identifying 304 different lipid species. These species belong to the phosphatidylcholine (103 lipid species), lysophosphatidylcholine (35), phosphatidylethanolamine (71), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (20), phosphatidylglycerol (13), lysophosphatidylglycerol (5), phosphatidylinositol (15), lysophosphatidylinositol (3), phosphatidylserine (6) lysophosphatidylserine (1), and sphimgomyelin (32) classes. This was the first time that the dolphin plasma phospholipid profile was characterized, providing a knowledge that will be important to further understand lipid metabolism and physiological regulation in small cetaceans. Furthermore, this study proved the practicability of the use of plasma lipid profiling for health assessment in marine mammals under human care.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Monteiro
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Maciel
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Müller J, Bertsch T, Volke J, Schmid A, Klingbeil R, Metodiev Y, Karaca B, Kim SH, Lindner S, Schupp T, Kittel M, Poschet G, Akin I, Behnes M. Narrative review of metabolomics in cardiovascular disease. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2532-2550. [PMID: 34012599 PMCID: PMC8107570 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by disorders in the cardiac metabolism. Furthermore, comorbidities often associated with cardiovascular disease can alter systemic and myocardial metabolism contributing to worsening of cardiac performance and health status. Biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides or troponins already support diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases and are represented in international guidelines. However, as cardiovascular diseases affect various pathophysiological pathways, a single biomarker approach cannot be regarded as ideal to reveal optimal clinical application. Emerging metabolomics technology allows the measurement of hundreds of metabolites in biological fluids or biopsies and thus to characterize each patient by its own metabolic fingerprint, improving our understanding of complex diseases, significantly altering the management of cardiovascular diseases and possibly personalizing medicine. This review outlines current knowledge, perspectives as well as limitations of metabolomics for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, an ongoing research project tackling current inconsistencies as well as clinical applications of metabolomics will be discussed. Taken together, the application of metabolomics will enable us to gain more insights into pathophysiological interactions of metabolites and disease states as well as improving therapies of patients with cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Müller
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Bertsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Nuremburg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Justus Volke
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmid
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rebecca Klingbeil
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yulian Metodiev
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bican Karaca
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Schupp
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kittel
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Behnes
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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13
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Li C, Wang L, Li Y, Feng Z, Wang Q, Luo W. Common Variants in the ARG1 Gene Contribute to the Risk of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:584-591. [PMID: 32721242 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Arginase I, encoded by the ARG1 gene, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arginine to ornithine in the urea cycle; mutations in this gene has recently been reported to be associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Pakistan. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between ARG1 gene mutations and DCM in the Han Chinese population. Methods: A total of 488 DCM cases and 924 matched-healthy controls were recruited. All subjects were genotyped for 12 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ARG1 gene. Genetic association studies, including SNP and haplotype analyses, were performed. Further analyses were conducted to examine the correlations between the associated SNPs and specific clinical characteristics. Results: Only the rs2781666 and rs2781667 loci in the ARG1 gene were found to be significantly associated with DCM compared to the healthy controls. The risk of DCM at both of these loci for T allele carriers was ∼1.42-fold higher than that for carriers of the alternative alleles. There were significant differences in end-diastolic interventricular septal diameter, end-diastolic left ventricular posterior wall diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular ejection fraction among the genotype distributions of both SNPs. Furthermore, we found that the T alleles at the rs2781666 and rs2781667 loci were significantly associated with DCM in gender subgroups and the subgroup of patients <58 years of age. The haplotype T-T (rs2781666-rs2781667) also showed a significant association with DCM. Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that alleles and haplotypes of the ARG1 gene are significantly involved in the etiology of DCM in the Han Chinese population, but further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanism governing this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Michel M, Dubowy KO, Zlamy M, Karall D, Adam MG, Entenmann A, Keller MA, Koch J, Odri Komazec I, Geiger R, Salvador C, Niederwanger C, Müller U, Scholl-Bürgi S, Laser KT. Targeted metabolomic analysis of serum phospholipid and acylcarnitine in the adult Fontan patient with a dominant left ventricle. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320916031. [PMID: 32426103 PMCID: PMC7222265 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320916031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a Fontan circulation have altered cholesterol and lipoprotein values. We analysed small organic molecules in extended phopsholipid and acylcarnitine metabolic pathways ('metabolomes') in adult Fontan patients with a dominant left ventricle, seeking differences between profiles in baseline and Fontan circulations. METHODS In an observational matched cross-sectional study, we compared phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and acylcarnitine metabolomes (105 analytes; AbsoluteIDQ® p180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria) in 20 adult Fontan patients having a dominant left ventricle with those in 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Serum levels of total PC (q-value 0.01), total SM (q-value 0.0002) were significantly lower, and total acylcarnitines (q-value 0.02) were significantly higher in patients than in controls. After normalisation of data, serum levels of 12 PC and 1 SM Fontan patients were significantly lower (q-values <0.05), and concentrations of 3 acylcarnitines were significantly higher than those in controls (q-values <0.05). CONCLUSION Metabolomic profiling can use small specimens to identify biomarker patterns that track derangement in multiple metabolic pathways. The striking alterations in the phospholipid and acylcarnitine metabolome that we found in Fontan patients may reflect altered cell signalling and metabolism as found in heart failure in biventricular patients, chronic low-level inflammation, and alteration of functional or structural properties of lymphatic or blood vessels. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03886935.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Michel
- Department of Pediatrics III, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria Center of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Georgstraße, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Karl-Otto Dubowy
- Center of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Georgstraße, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Manuela Zlamy
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Karall
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Entenmann
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Jakob Koch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Irena Odri Komazec
- Department of Pediatrics III, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ralf Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics III, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina Salvador
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Niederwanger
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Udo Müller
- Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Department of Pediatrics I, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai Thorsten Laser
- Center of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Georgstraße, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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15
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Production of TRPV2-targeting functional antibody ameliorating dilated cardiomyopathy and muscular dystrophy in animal models. J Transl Med 2020; 100:324-337. [PMID: 31896817 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal Ca2+ handling is essential in the pathophysiology of degenerative muscle disorders, such as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and muscular dystrophy (MD). Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 2 (TRPV2) is a candidate for Ca2+ entry and a potential therapeutic target for degenerative muscle disorders, there are few specific inhibitors for TRPV2. In this study, we produced a monoclonal antibody (designated mAb88-2) and two polyclonal antibodies (pAb591 and pAb592) that selectively recognize TRPV2 from the outside of cells and interact with the turret region of the pore-forming outer gate. These antibodies inhibited Ca2+ influx via TRPV2 in cultured cells and substantially reduced TRPV2 in the plasma membrane via cellular internalization. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of the functional antibody in δ-sarcoglycan-deficient hamster (J2N-k) models of DCM and MD and in the 4C30 DCM model of murine heart failure. The intraperitoneal administration of the functional antibody (0.5 mg/kg) for 2 weeks (once a week) prevented the progression of cardiac dysfunction, as evaluated by echocardiography and histological staining, and improved the abnormal Ca2+ handling (high diastolic Ca2+ level and small Ca2+ transient peak) in cardiomyocytes isolated from J2N-k hamsters and prevented skeletal muscle damage. Further, the antibody effectively prevented heart failure in the 4C30 mouse model with end-stage DCM. Interestingly, endogenous TRPV2 that accumulated in the cardiac and skeletal muscle sarcolemma disappeared upon antibody administration. Thus, the newly produced antibodies are capable of ameliorating DCM and MD by promoting the cellular internalization of TRPV2; antibodies specific to human TRPV2 may substantially improve the treatment of patients with degenerative muscle diseases.
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16
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Kovilakath A, Cowart LA. Sphingolipid Mediators of Myocardial Pathology. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:23-49. [PMID: 32821720 PMCID: PMC7379069 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While the causes of cardiomyopathy continue to be elucidated, current evidence suggests that aberrant bioactive lipid signaling plays a crucial role as a component of cardiac pathophysiology. Sphingolipids have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, as they regulate numerous cellular processes that occur in primary and secondary cardiomyopathies. Experimental evidence gathered over the last few decades from both in vitro and in vivo model systems indicates that inhibitors of sphingolipid synthesis attenuate a variety of cardiomyopathic symptoms. In this review, we focus on various cardiomyopathies in which sphingolipids have been implicated and the potential therapeutic benefits that could be gained by targeting sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - L. Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
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17
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Kovilakath A, Jamil M, Cowart LA. Sphingolipids in the Heart: From Cradle to Grave. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 33042014 PMCID: PMC7522163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and this has largely been driven by the increase in metabolic disease in recent decades. Metabolic disease alters metabolism, distribution, and profiles of sphingolipids in multiple organs and tissues; as such, sphingolipid metabolism and signaling have been vigorously studied as contributors to metabolic pathophysiology in various pathological outcomes of obesity, including cardiovascular disease. Much experimental evidence suggests that targeting sphingolipid metabolism may be advantageous in the context of cardiometabolic disease. The heart, however, is a structurally and functionally complex organ where bioactive sphingolipids have been shown not only to mediate pathological processes, but also to contribute to essential functions in cardiogenesis and cardiac function. Additionally, some sphingolipids are protective in the context of ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition to mechanistic contributions, untargeted lipidomics approaches used in recent years have identified some specific circulating sphingolipids as novel biomarkers in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize recent literature on both deleterious and beneficial contributions of sphingolipids to cardiogenesis and myocardial function as well as recent identification of novel sphingolipid biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk prediction and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Maryam Jamil
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lauren Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lauren Ashley Cowart
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18
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Maekawa K, Ri M, Nakajima M, Sekine A, Ueda R, Tohkin M, Miyata N, Saito Y, Iida S. Serum lipidomics for exploring biomarkers of bortezomib therapy in patients with multiple myeloma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3267-3274. [PMID: 31444836 PMCID: PMC6778623 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) shows excellent efficacy in multiple myeloma (MM), a fraction of patients has a suboptimal or no response to this agent. In addition, BTZ-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN), a frequent side-effect of this therapy, limits its use in some patients. This study aimed to explore serum lipid biomarker candidates to predict the response to BTZ and the severity of BiPN. Fifty-nine serum samples were collected from patients with MM prior to receiving BTZ plus low-dose dexamethasone therapy. Serum levels of phospholipids, sphingolipids, neutral lipids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids and their oxidation products were measured by a comprehensive lipidomic study. Overall, 385 lipid metabolites were identified in patients' sera; lower levels of several glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesteryl esters were associated with a poor treatment response. Metabolites related to platelet-activating factor biosynthesis and cholesterol metabolism appeared particularly relevant. Furthermore, several lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, ceramides, neutral lipids, and oxidative fatty acids were significantly increased or decreased in patients with BiPN grades ranging from G0 to G3. Among these compounds, mediators reportedly inducing myelin breakdown and stimulating inflammatory responses were prominent. Although further study is necessary to validate these biomarker candidates, our results contribute to the development of predictive biomarkers for response to BTZ treatment, or ensuing severe BiPN, in patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Maekawa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan.,Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Blood Transfusion, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sekine
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Ueda
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tohkin
- Department of Regulatory Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyata
- Institute of Drug Discovery Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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19
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Fox BM, Gil HW, Kirkbride-Romeo L, Bagchi RA, Wennersten SA, Haefner KR, Skrypnyk NI, Brown CN, Soranno DE, Gist KM, Griffin BR, Jovanovich A, Reisz JA, Wither MJ, D'Alessandro A, Edelstein CL, Clendenen N, McKinsey TA, Altmann C, Faubel S. Metabolomics assessment reveals oxidative stress and altered energy production in the heart after ischemic acute kidney injury in mice. Kidney Int 2019; 95:590-610. [PMID: 30709662 PMCID: PMC6564679 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a systemic disease associated with widespread effects on distant organs, including the heart. Normal cardiac function is dependent on constant ATP generation, and the preferred method of energy production is via oxidative phosphorylation. Following direct ischemic cardiac injury, the cardiac metabolome is characterized by inadequate oxidative phosphorylation, increased oxidative stress, and increased alternate energy utilization. We assessed the impact of ischemic AKI on the metabolomics profile in the heart. Ischemic AKI was induced by 22 minutes of renal pedicle clamping, and 124 metabolites were measured in the heart at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days post-procedure. Forty-one percent of measured metabolites were affected, with the most prominent changes observed 24 hours post-AKI. The post-AKI cardiac metabolome was characterized by amino acid depletion, increased oxidative stress, and evidence of alternative energy production, including a shift to anaerobic forms of energy production. These metabolomic effects were associated with significant cardiac ATP depletion and with echocardiographic evidence of diastolic dysfunction. In the kidney, metabolomics analysis revealed shifts suggestive of energy depletion and oxidative stress, which were reflected systemically in the plasma. This is the first study to examine the cardiac metabolome after AKI, and demonstrates that effects of ischemic AKI on the heart are akin to the effects of direct ischemic cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Fox
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hyo-Wook Gil
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Lara Kirkbride-Romeo
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sara A Wennersten
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Korey R Haefner
- Department of Pediatrics and Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nataliya I Skrypnyk
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Carolyn N Brown
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danielle E Soranno
- Department of Pediatrics and Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Katja M Gist
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Benjamin R Griffin
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna Jovanovich
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew J Wither
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Charles L Edelstein
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Denver VA Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathan Clendenen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher Altmann
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sarah Faubel
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Denver VA Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA.
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McKirnan MD, Ichikawa Y, Zhang Z, Zemljic-Harpf AE, Fan S, Barupal DK, Patel HH, Hammond HK, Roth DM. Metabolomic analysis of serum and myocardium in compensated heart failure after myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2019; 221:212-223. [PMID: 30731143 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the metabolic adaptations to compensated heart failure using a reproducible model of myocardial infarction and an unbiased metabolic screen. To address the limitations in sample availability and model variability observed in preclinical and clinical metabolic investigations of heart failure. MAIN METHODS Metabolomic analysis was performed on serum and myocardial tissue from rabbits after myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by cryo-injury of the left ventricular free wall. Rabbits followed for 12 weeks after MI exhibited left ventricular dilation and depressed systolic function as determined by echocardiography. Serum and tissue from the viable left ventricular free wall, interventricular septum and right ventricle were analyzed using a gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics assay for primary metabolites. KEY FINDINGS Unique results included: a two- three-fold increase in taurine levels in all three ventricular regions of MI rabbits and similarly, the three regions had increased inosine levels compared to sham controls. Reduced myocardial levels of myo-inositol in the myocardium of MI animals point to altered phospholipid metabolism and membrane receptor function in heart failure. Metabolite profiles also provide evidence for responses to oxidative stress and an impairment in TCA cycle energy production in the failing heart. SIGNIFICANCE Our results revealed metabolic changes during compensated cardiac dysfunction and suggest potential targets for altering the progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dan McKirnan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiro Ichikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Alice E Zemljic-Harpf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Sili Fan
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - H Kirk Hammond
- Department of Medicine, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - David M Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States of America.
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21
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Kido T, Miyagawa S, Goto T, Tamai K, Ueno T, Toda K, Kuratani T, Sawa Y. The administration of high-mobility group box 1 fragment prevents deterioration of cardiac performance by enhancement of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell homing in the delta-sarcoglycan-deficient hamster. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202838. [PMID: 30517097 PMCID: PMC6281303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We hypothesized that systemic administration of high-mobility group box 1 fragment attenuates the progression of myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in a hamster model of dilated cardiomyopathy by recruiting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells thus causing enhancement of a self-regeneration system. Methods Twenty-week-old J2N-k hamsters, which are δ-sarcoglycan-deficient, were treated with systemic injection of high-mobility group box 1 fragment (HMGB1, n = 15) or phosphate buffered saline (control, n = 11). Echocardiography for left ventricular function, cardiac histology, and molecular biology were analyzed. The life-prolonging effect was assessed separately using the HMGB1 and control groups, in addition to a monthly HMGB1 group which received monthly systemic injections of high-mobility group box 1 fragment, 3 times (HMGB1, n = 11, control, n = 9, monthly HMGB1, n = 9). Results The HMGB1 group showed improved left ventricular ejection fraction, reduced myocardial fibrosis, and increased capillary density. The number of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha and CD106 positive mesenchymal stem cells detected in the myocardium was significantly increased, and intra-myocardial expression of tumor necrosis factor α stimulating gene 6, hepatic growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor were significantly upregulated after high-mobility group box 1 fragment administration. Improved survival was observed in the monthly HMGB1 group compared with the control group. Conclusions Systemic high-mobility group box 1 fragment administration attenuates the progression of left ventricular remodeling in a hamster model of dilated cardiomyopathy by enhanced homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into damaged myocardium, suggesting that high-mobility group box 1 fragment could be a new treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kido
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takasumi Goto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuto Tamai
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ueno
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Toda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Kuratani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Lipidomic Profiles of the Heart and Circulation in Response to Exercise versus Cardiac Pathology: A Resource of Potential Biomarkers and Drug Targets. Cell Rep 2018; 24:2757-2772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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23
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Kärkkäinen O, Tuomainen T, Mutikainen M, Lehtonen M, Ruas JL, Hanhineva K, Tavi P. Heart specific PGC-1α deletion identifies metabolome of cardiac restricted metabolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:107-118. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is associated with drastic changes in metabolism leading to a cardiac energy deficiency well as maladaptive changes in multiple other tissues. It is still unclear which of these changes originates from cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling or whether they are induced secondarily by systemic factors. Our aim here was to induce cardiac restricted metabolic changes mimicking those seen in HF and to characterize the associated metabolite changes in the heart, circulation, and peripheral tissues.
Methods and results
We generated a cardiac specific PGC-1α knockout mice (KO) to specifically induce metabolic dysregulation typically accompanied by HF and performed a non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling analysis of heart, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle to identify metabolites associated with cardiac specific metabolic remodelling. The KO animals developed a progressive cardiomyopathy with cardiac dilatation leading to fatal HF. At 17 weeks of age, when significant remodelling had occurred but before the onset of HF, isolated PGC-1α deficient cardiomyocytes had suppressed glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as blunted anaerobic metabolism. KO hearts displayed a distinctive metabolite profile with 92 significantly altered molecular features including metabolite changes in energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, amino acids, and oxidative stress signalling. Some of the metabolite changes correlated with the specific parameters of cardiac function. We did not observe any significant alterations in the metabolomes of the other measured tissues or in plasma.
Conclusions
Heart specific PGC-1α KO induces metabolic, functional, and structural abnormalities leading to dilating cardiomyopathy and HF. The metabolic changes were limited to the cardiac tissue indicating that cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling is not sufficient to evoke the body wide metabolic alterations usually associated with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Servillo L, Castaldo D, Giovane A, Casale R, D'Onofrio N, Cautela D, Balestrieri ML. Ophthalmic acid is a marker of oxidative stress in plants as in animals. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:991-998. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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25
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Godzien J, Gil de la Fuente A, Otero A, Barbas C. Metabolite Annotation and Identification. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
It is thought that at least 6,500 low-molecular-weight metabolites exist in humans, and these metabolites have various important roles in biological systems in addition to proteins and genes. Comprehensive assessment of endogenous metabolites is called metabolomics, and recent advances in this field have enabled us to understand the critical role of previously unknown metabolites or metabolic pathways in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we will focus on heart failure and how metabolomic analysis has contributed to improving our understanding of the pathogenesis of this critical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Ikegami
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences.,Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences.,Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
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Kobayashi S, Lee J, Takao T, Fujii J. Increased ophthalmic acid production is supported by amino acid catabolism under fasting conditions in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:649-655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Longitudinal observations of progressive cardiac dysfunction in a cardiomyopathic animal model by self-gated cine imaging based on 11.7-T magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9106. [PMID: 28831129 PMCID: PMC5567262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to longitudinally assess left ventricular function and wall thickness in a hamster model of cardiomyopathy using 11.7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI were performed for six cardiomyopathic J2N-k hamsters and six J2N-n hamsters at 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks of age. Echocardiography was also performed at 20 weeks. The ejection fraction (EF) at 15 and 20 weeks of age in J2N-k hamsters showed a significant decrease compared with those in controls. Conversely, the end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes in cardiomyopathic hamsters showed a significant increase compared with those in controls. Moreover, the heart walls of J2N-k hamsters at 15 and 20 weeks were thicker than those of controls at end-systole; however, there were no significant differences at end-diastole. Optical microscopy with Masson’s trichrome staining depicted no fibrosis in the control myocardium, although it showed interstitial fibrosis in the 20-week-old J2N-k cardiomyopathic myocardium. There were no differences in EF and the wall thickness observed on MRI and those observed on echocardiography. These results indicate the presence of systolic dysfunction in cardiomyopathic hamsters. Self-gated cine imaging based on 11.7-T MRI can be used for serial measurements of cardiac function and wall thickness in a cardiomyopathic model.
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29
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Servillo L, D'Onofrio N, Casale R, Cautela D, Giovane A, Castaldo D, Balestrieri ML. Ergothioneine products derived by superoxide oxidation in endothelial cells exposed to high-glucose. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:8-18. [PMID: 28300670 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (Egt), 2-mercapto-L-histidine betaine (ESH), is a dietary component acting as antioxidant and cytoprotectant. In vitro studies demonstrated that Egt, a powerful scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion, hypochlorous acid and peroxynitrite, protects vascular function against oxidative damages, thus preventing endothelial dysfunction. In order to delve the peculiar oxidative behavior of Egt, firstly identified in cell free-systems, experiments were designed to identify the Egt oxidation products when endothelial cells (EC) benefit of its protection against high-glucose (hGluc). HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses revealed a decrease in the intracellular GSH levels and an increase in the ophthalmic acid (OPH) levels during hGluc treatment. Interestingly, in the presence of Egt, the decrease of the GSH levels was lower than in cells treated with hGluc alone, and this effect was paralleled by lower OPH levels. Egt was also effective in reducing the cytotoxicity of H2O2 and paraquat (PQT), an inducer of superoxide anion production, showing a similar time-dependent pattern of GSH and OPH levels, although with peaks occurring at different times. Importantly, Egt oxidation generated not only hercynine (EH) but also the sulfonic acid derivative (ESO3H) whose amounts were dependent on the oxidative stress employed. Furthermore, cell-free experiments confirmed the formation of both EH and ESO3H when Egt was reacted with superoxide anion. In summary, these data, by identifying the EH and ESO3H formation in EC exposed to hGluc, highlight the cellular antioxidant properties of Egt, whose peculiar redox behavior makes it an attractive candidate for the prevention of oxidative stress-associated endothelial dysfunction during hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Casale
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Cautela
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi, Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Castaldo
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi, Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy; Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, MiSE, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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Simpson S, Rutland P, Rutland CS. Genomic Insights into Cardiomyopathies: A Comparative Cross-Species Review. Vet Sci 2017; 4:E19. [PMID: 29056678 PMCID: PMC5606618 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the global human population, the leading cause of non-communicable death is cardiovascular disease. It is predicted that by 2030, deaths attributable to cardiovascular disease will have risen to over 20 million per year. This review compares the cardiomyopathies in both human and non-human animals and identifies the genetic associations for each disorder in each species/taxonomic group. Despite differences between species, advances in human medicine can be gained by utilising animal models of cardiac disease; likewise, gains can be made in animal medicine from human genomic insights. Advances could include undertaking regular clinical checks in individuals susceptible to cardiomyopathy, genetic testing prior to breeding, and careful administration of breeding programmes (in non-human animals), further development of treatment regimes, and drugs and diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Paul Rutland
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Catrin Sian Rutland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
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Mueller-Hennessen M, Sigl J, Fuhrmann JC, Witt H, Reszka R, Schmitz O, Kastler J, Fischer JJ, Müller OJ, Giannitsis E, Weis T, Frey N, Katus HA. Metabolic profiles in heart failure due to non-ischemic cardiomyopathy at rest and under exercise. ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:178-189. [PMID: 28451455 PMCID: PMC5396036 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Identification of metabolic signatures in heart failure (HF) patients and evaluation of their diagnostic potential to discriminate HF patients from healthy controls during baseline and exercise conditions. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 22 male HF patients with non-ischemic idiopathic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular systolic dysfunction and 19 healthy controls before (t0), at peak (t1) and 1 h after (t2) symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Two hundred fifty-two metabolites were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS-based metabolite profiling. RESULTS Plasma metabolite profiles clearly differed between HF patients and controls at t0 (P < 0.05). The metabolic signature of HF was characterized by decreased levels of complex lipids and fatty acids, notably phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol, and sphingolipids. Moreover, reduced glutamine and increased glutamate plasma levels, significantly increased purine degradation products, as well as signs of impaired glucose metabolism were observed. The metabolic differences increased strongly according to New York Heart Association functional class and the addition of three metabolites further improved prediction of exercise capacity (Q2 = 0.24 to 0.35). Despite a high number of metabolites changing significantly with exercise (30.2% at t1/t0), the number of significant alterations between HF and controls was almost unchanged at t1 and t2 (30.7 and 29.0% vs. 31.3% at t0) with a similar predictive group separation (Q2 = 0.50 for t0, 0.52 for t1, and 0.56 for t2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a metabolic signature of non-ischemic HF with prominent changes in complex lipids including phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol, and sphingolipids. The metabolic changes were already evident at rest and largely preserved under exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Mueller-Hennessen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
| | - Johanna Sigl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
| | - Evangelos Giannitsis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Tanja Weis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyUniversity of KielKielGermany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology & PneumologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
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Rodrigues KT, Cieslarová Z, Tavares MFM, Simionato AVC. Strategies Involving Mass Spectrometry Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis in Metabolomics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 965:99-141. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47656-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry as a tool for untargeted metabolomics. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:99-130. [PMID: 27921456 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly polar and ionic metabolites, such as sugars, most amino acids, organic acids or nucleotides are not retained by conventional reversed-phase LC columns and polar stationary phases and hydrophilic-interaction LC lacks of robustness, which is still limiting their applications for untargeted metabolomics where reproducibility is a must. Biological samples such as blood, urine or even tissues include many hydrophilic compounds secreted from cells, their analysis is essential for biomarker discovery, disease progression or treatment effects. This review focuses on CE coupled to MS as a mature technique for untargeted metabolomics including sample pretreatment, types of matrices, analytical methods, applications and data treatment strategies for polar compound analysis in biological matrices. The main applications and results of CE-MS in untargeted metabolomics are discussed and presented in a tabulated format.
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2-Aminobutyric acid modulates glutathione homeostasis in the myocardium. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36749. [PMID: 27827456 PMCID: PMC5101505 DOI: 10.1038/srep36749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous report showed that the consumption of glutathione through oxidative stress activates the glutathione synthetic pathway, which is accompanied by production of ophthalmic acid from 2-aminobutyric acid (2-AB). We conducted a comprehensive quantification of serum metabolites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in patients with atrial septal defect to find clues for understanding myocardial metabolic regulation, and demonstrated that circulating 2-AB levels reflect hemodynamic changes. However, the metabolism and pathophysiological role of 2-AB remains unclear. We revealed that 2-AB is generated by an amino group transfer reaction to 2-oxobutyric acid, a byproduct of cysteine biosynthesis from cystathionine. Because cysteine is a rate-limiting substrate for glutathione synthesis, we hypothesized that 2-AB reflects glutathione compensation against oxidative stress. A murine cardiomyopathy model induced by doxorubicin supported our hypothesis, i.e., increased reactive oxygen species are accompanied by 2-AB accumulation and compensatory maintenance of myocardial glutathione levels. Intriguingly, we also found that 2-AB increases intracellular glutathione levels by activating AMPK and exerts protective effects against oxidative stress. Finally, we demonstrated that oral administration of 2-AB efficiently raises both circulating and myocardial glutathione levels and protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice. This is the first study to demonstrate that 2-AB modulates glutathione homeostasis in the myocardium.
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Raghow R. An 'Omics' Perspective on Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:813-827. [PMID: 27499035 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pathological enlargement of the heart, represented by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), occurs in response to many genetic and non-genetic factors. The clinical course of cardiac hypertrophy is remarkably variable, ranging from lifelong absence of symptoms to rapidly declining heart function and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Unbiased omics studies have begun to provide a glimpse into the molecular framework underpinning altered mechanotransduction, mitochondrial energetics, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix in the heart undergoing physiological and pathological hypertrophy. Omics analyses indicate that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays an overriding role in the normal and diseased heart. Studies to date highlight a need for more effective bioinformatics to better integrate patient omics data with their comprehensive clinical histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Raghow
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center and the VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
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Lipidomic Signatures and Associated Transcriptomic Profiles of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28932. [PMID: 27357243 PMCID: PMC4928052 DOI: 10.1038/srep28932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common histological type of adult kidney cancer. In this study, we obtained lipidomic profiles of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), a major RCC subtype, by performing a lipidomic analysis of specimens of cancerous tissue and the surrounding normal renal cortex obtained from the same patients (N = 49). We also compared the lipidomic profiles with the lipogenic transcriptome of specimens of cancerous tissue and the surrounding normal renal cortex for an additional set of patient samples (N = 95). Overall, we detected 326 lipids, including phospholipids, sphingolipids, neutral lipids, and eicosanoids. The levels of more than 70% of the detected lipids were significantly different (P < 0.01, corrected by the false discovery rate). The cancerous tissue was distinguished by higher levels of ether-type phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and triacylglycerols, as well as by lower levels of phospholipids (except for phosphatidylcholines) and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Characteristic changes in the levels of mRNAs and metabolites suggested that the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) synthesis pathway is suppressed in ccRCC and associated with cell proliferation. The present study represents the lipidomic profiles of ccRCC, which provides novel information about the metabolic changes in renal cancerous tissue and RCC pathophysiology.
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Narainsamy K, Farci S, Braun E, Junot C, Cassier-Chauvat C, Chauvat F. Oxidative-stress detoxification and signalling in cyanobacteria: the crucial glutathione synthesis pathway supports the production of ergothioneine and ophthalmate. Mol Microbiol 2016; 100:15-24. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kinsley Narainsamy
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Sandrine Farci
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Emilie Braun
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Christophe Junot
- CEA, iBiTec-S, SPI, LEMM, Bat 136 CEA-Saclay; F-91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex France
| | - Corinne Cassier-Chauvat
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Franck Chauvat
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
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Abstract
Metabolomics is an analytical toolbox to describe (all) low-molecular-weight compounds in a biological system, as cells, tissues, urine, and feces, as well as in serum and plasma. To analyze such complex biological samples, high requirements on the analytical technique are needed due to the high variation in compound physico-chemistry (cholesterol derivatives, amino acids, fatty acids as SCFA, MCFA, or LCFA, or pathway-related metabolites belonging to each individual organism) and concentration dynamic range. All main separation techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS) are applied in routine to metabolomics hyphenated or not to mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis is a powerful high-resolving technique but still underused in this field of complex samples. Metabolomics can be performed in the non-targeted way to gain an overview on metabolite profiles in biological samples. Targeted metabolomics is applied to analyze quantitatively pre-selected metabolites. This chapter reviews the use of capillary electrophoresis in the field of metabolomics and exemplifies solutions in metabolite profiling and analysis in urine and plasma.
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West JA, Beqqali A, Ament Z, Elliott P, Pinto YM, Arbustini E, Griffin JL. A targeted metabolomics assay for cardiac metabolism and demonstration using a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Metabolomics 2016; 12:59. [PMID: 27069442 PMCID: PMC4781888 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-0956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics can be performed either as an 'open profiling' tool where the aim is to measure, usually in a semi-quantitative manner, as many metabolites as possible or perform 'closed' or 'targeted' analyses where instead a pre-defined set of metabolites are measured. Targeted methods can be designed to be more sensitive and quantitative and so are particularly appropriate to systems biology for quantitative models of systems or when metabolomics is performed in a hypothesis driven manner to test whether a particular pathway is perturbed. We describe a targeted metabolomics assay that quantifies a broad range of over 130 metabolites relevant to cardiac metabolism including the pathways of the citric acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, amino acid metabolism, the urea cycle, nucleotides and reactive oxygen species using tandem mass spectrometry to produce quantitative, sensitive and robust data. This assay is illustrated by profiling cardiac metabolism in a lamin A/C (Lmna) mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The model of DCM was characterised by increases in concentrations of proline and methyl-histidine suggestive of increased myofibrillar and collagen degradation, as well as decreases in a number of citric acid cycle intermediates and carnitine derivatives indicating reduced energy metabolism in the dilated heart. These assays could be used for any other cardiac or cardiovascular disease in that they cover central core metabolism and key pathways involved in cardiac metabolism, and may provide a general start for many mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. West
- The Department of Biochemistry & The Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA UK
- The Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zsuzsanna Ament
- The Department of Biochemistry & The Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA UK
- The Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Perry Elliott
- Heart Hospital, University College London, London, W1G 8PH UK
| | - Yigal M. Pinto
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Julian L. Griffin
- The Department of Biochemistry & The Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA UK
- The Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
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Saito K, Uebanso T, Maekawa K, Ishikawa M, Taguchi R, Nammo T, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Udagawa H, Fujii M, Shibazaki Y, Yoneyama H, Yasuda K, Saito Y. Characterization of hepatic lipid profiles in a mouse model with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and subsequent fibrosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12466. [PMID: 26289793 PMCID: PMC4542161 DOI: 10.1038/srep12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a major health problem since it often leads to hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanisms of NASH development and subsequent fibrosis have yet to be clarified. We compared comprehensive lipidomic profiles between mice with high fat diet (HFD)-induced steatosis and STAM mice with NASH and subsequent fibrosis. The STAM mouse is a model that demonstrates NASH progression resembling the disease in humans: STAM mice manifest NASH at 8 weeks, which progresses to fibrosis at 12 weeks, and finally develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Overall, 250 lipid molecules were detected in the liver using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We found that STAM mice with NASH presented a significantly higher abundance of sphingolipids and lower levels of triacylglycerols than the HFD-fed control mice. The abundance of certain fatty acids in phospholipid side chains was also significantly different between STAM and control mice, although global levels of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines were comparable. Finally, increase in levels of acylcarnitines and some diacylglycerols was observed in STAM mice toward the fibrosis stage, but not in age-matched control mice. Our study provides insights into the lipid status of the steatotic, NASH, and fibrotic liver that would help elucidate the molecular pathophysiology of NASH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Uebanso
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Keiko Maekawa
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Taguchi
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Takao Nammo
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nishimaki-Mogami
- Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Haruhide Udagawa
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Masato Fujii
- Stelic Institute &Co., Inc., 1-9-15 Higashi Azabu, Minato, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shibazaki
- Stelic Institute &Co., Inc., 1-9-15 Higashi Azabu, Minato, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoneyama
- Stelic Institute &Co., Inc., 1-9-15 Higashi Azabu, Minato, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yasuda
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Jørgenrud B, Jalanko M, Heliö T, Jääskeläinen P, Laine M, Hilvo M, Nieminen MS, Laakso M, Hyötyläinen T, Orešič M, Kuusisto J. The Metabolome in Finnish Carriers of the MYBPC3-Q1061X Mutation for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134184. [PMID: 26267065 PMCID: PMC4534205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Mutations in the cardiac myosin-binding protein C gene (MYBPC3) are the most common genetic cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) worldwide. The molecular mechanisms leading to HCM are poorly understood. We investigated the metabolic profiles of mutation carriers with the HCM-causing MYBPC3-Q1061X mutation with and without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and non-affected relatives, and the association of the metabolome to the echocardiographic parameters. Methods and Results 34 hypertrophic subjects carrying the MYBPC3-Q1061X mutation, 19 non-hypertrophic mutation carriers and 20 relatives with neither mutation nor hypertrophy were examined using comprehensive echocardiography. Plasma was analyzed for molecular lipids and polar metabolites using two metabolomics platforms. Concentrations of branched chain amino acids, triglycerides and ether phospholipids were increased in mutation carriers with hypertrophy as compared to controls and non-hypertrophic mutation carriers, and correlated with echocardiographic LVH and signs of diastolic and systolic dysfunction in subjects with the MYBPC3-Q1061X mutation. Conclusions Our study implicates the potential role of branched chain amino acids, triglycerides and ether phospholipids in HCM, as well as suggests an association of these metabolites with remodeling and dysfunction of the left ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Jørgenrud
- Hormone laboratory, Aker hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Women and Children’s Health, Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikko Jalanko
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Heliö
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mika Laine
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Hilvo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Markku S. Nieminen
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
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Basak T, Varshney S, Akhtar S, Sengupta S. Understanding different facets of cardiovascular diseases based on model systems to human studies: a proteomic and metabolomic perspective. J Proteomics 2015; 127:50-60. [PMID: 25956427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cardiovascular disease has remained as the largest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. From dissecting the disease aetiology to identifying prognostic markers for better management of the disease is still a challenge for researchers. In the post human genome sequencing era much of the thrust has been focussed towards application of advanced genomic tools along with evaluation of traditional risk factors. With the advancement of next generation proteomics and metabolomics approaches it has now become possible to understand the protein interaction network & metabolic rewiring which lead to the perturbations of the disease phenotype. Further, elucidating different post translational modifications using advanced mass spectrometry based methods have provided an impetus towards in depth understanding of the proteome. The past decade has observed a plethora of studies where proteomics has been applied successfully to identify potential prognostic and diagnostic markers as well as to understand the disease mechanisms for various types of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we attempted to document relevant proteomics based studies that have been undertaken either to identify potential biomarkers or have elucidated newer mechanistic insights into understanding the patho-physiology of cardiovascular disease, primarily coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and myocardial ischemia. We have also provided a perspective on the potential of proteomics in combating this deadly disease. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This review has catalogued recent studies on proteomics and metabolomics involved in understanding several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A holistic systems biology based approach, of which proteomics and metabolomics are two very important components, would help in delineating various pathways associated with complex disorders like CVD. This would ultimately provide better mechanistic understanding of the disease biology leading to development of prognostic biomarkers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trayambak Basak
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB South Campus, New Delhi, India.
| | - Swati Varshney
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Shamima Akhtar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB South Campus, New Delhi, India.
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Cheng ML, Wang CH, Shiao MS, Liu MH, Huang YY, Huang CY, Mao CT, Lin JF, Ho HY, Yang NI. Metabolic Disturbances Identified in Plasma Are Associated With Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:1509-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Analytical protocols based on LC-MS, GC-MS and CE-MS for nontargeted metabolomics of biological tissues. Bioanalysis 2015; 6:1657-77. [PMID: 25077626 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive, site-specific metabolite information could be better obtained from tissues. Hence, highly sensitive mass spectrometry-based metabolomics coupled with separation techniques are increasingly in demand in clinical research for tissue metabolomics application. Applying these techniques to nontargeted tissue metabolomics provides identification of distinct metabolites. These findings could help us to understand alterations at the molecular level, which can also be applied in clinical practice as screening markers for early disease diagnosis. However, tissues as solid and heterogeneous samples pose an additional analytical challenge that should be considered in obtaining broad, reproducible and representative analytical profiles. This manuscript summarizes the state of the art in tissue (human and animal) treatment (quenching, homogenization and extraction) for nontargeted metabolomics with mass spectrometry.
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Kume S, Yamato M, Tamura Y, Jin G, Nakano M, Miyashige Y, Eguchi A, Ogata Y, Goda N, Iwai K, Yamano E, Watanabe Y, Soga T, Kataoka Y. Potential biomarkers of fatigue identified by plasma metabolome analysis in rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120106. [PMID: 25793974 PMCID: PMC4368560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, prior to the establishment of a method for the clinical diagnosis of chronic fatigue in humans, we validated the utility of plasma metabolomic analysis in a rat model of fatigue using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS). In order to obtain a fatigued animal group, rats were placed in a cage filled with water to a height of 2.2 cm for 5 days. A food-restricted group, in which rats were limited to 10 g/d of food (around 50% of the control group), was also assessed. The food-restricted group exhibited weight reduction similar to that of the fatigued group. CE-MS measurements were performed to evaluate the profile of food intake-dependent metabolic changes, as well as the profile in fatigue loading, resulting in the identification of 48 metabolites in plasma. Multivariate analyses using hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed that the plasma metabolome in the fatigued group showed clear differences from those in the control and food-restricted groups. In the fatigued group, we found distinctive changes in metabolites related to branched-chain amino acid metabolism, urea cycle, and proline metabolism. Specifically, the fatigued group exhibited significant increases in valine, leucine, isoleucine, and 2-oxoisopentanoate, and significant decreases in citrulline and hydroxyproline compared with the control and food-restricted groups. Plasma levels of total nitric oxide were increased in the fatigued group, indicating systemic oxidative stress. Further, plasma metabolites involved in the citrate cycle, such as cis-aconitate and isocitrate, were reduced in the fatigued group. The levels of ATP were significantly decreased in the liver and skeletal muscle, indicative of a deterioration in energy metabolism in these organs. Thus, this comprehensive metabolic analysis furthered our understanding of the pathophysiology of fatigue, and identified potential diagnostic biomarkers based on fatigue pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kume
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamato
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Tamura
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Guanghua Jin
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakano
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Miyashige
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Asami Eguchi
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ogata
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Goda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emi Yamano
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yosky Kataoka
- Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Schisler JC, Grevengoed TJ, Pascual F, Cooper DE, Ellis JM, Paul DS, Willis MS, Patterson C, Jia W, Coleman RA. Cardiac energy dependence on glucose increases metabolites related to glutathione and activates metabolic genes controlled by mechanistic target of rapamycin. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:jah3872. [PMID: 25713290 PMCID: PMC4345858 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Long chain acyl‐CoA synthetases (ACSL) catalyze long‐chain fatty acids (FA) conversion to acyl‐CoAs. Temporal ACSL1 inactivation in mouse hearts (Acsl1H−/−) impaired FA oxidation and dramatically increased glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and mTOR activation, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy. We used unbiased metabolomics and gene expression analyses to elucidate the cardiac cellular response to increased glucose use in a genetic model of inactivated FA oxidation. Methods and Results Metabolomics analysis identified 60 metabolites altered in Acsl1H−/− hearts, including 6 related to glucose metabolism and 11 to cysteine and glutathione pathways. Concurrently, global cardiac transcriptional analysis revealed differential expression of 568 genes in Acsl1H−/− hearts, a subset of which we hypothesized were targets of mTOR; subsequently, we measured the transcriptional response of several genes after chronic mTOR inhibition via rapamycin treatment during the period in which cardiac hypertrophy develops. Hearts from Acsl1H−/− mice increased expression of several Hif1α‐responsive glycolytic genes regulated by mTOR; additionally, expression of Scl7a5, Gsta1/2, Gdf15, and amino acid‐responsive genes, Fgf21, Asns, Trib3, Mthfd2, were strikingly increased by mTOR activation. Conclusions The switch from FA to glucose use causes mTOR‐dependent alterations in cardiac metabolism. We identified cardiac mTOR‐regulated genes not previously identified in other cellular models, suggesting heart‐specific mTOR signaling. Increased glucose use also changed glutathione‐related pathways and compensation by mTOR. The hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and metabolic changes that occur within the heart when glucose supplants FA as a major energy source suggest that substrate switching to glucose is not entirely benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Schisler
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (J.C.S., C.P.)
| | - Trisha J Grevengoed
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
| | - Florencia Pascual
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
| | - Jessica M Ellis
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
| | - David S Paul
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (M.S.W.)
| | - Cam Patterson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (J.C.S., C.P.)
| | - Wei Jia
- Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis, NC (W.J.)
| | - Rosalind A Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.J.G., F.P., D.E.C., J.M.E., D.S.P., R.A.C.)
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Gironès N, Carbajosa S, Guerrero NA, Poveda C, Chillón-Marinas C, Fresno M. Global metabolomic profiling of acute myocarditis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3337. [PMID: 25412247 PMCID: PMC4239010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi infection, being cardiomyopathy the more frequent manifestation. New chemotherapeutic drugs are needed but there are no good biomarkers for monitoring treatment efficacy. There is growing evidence linking immune response and metabolism in inflammatory processes and specifically in Chagas disease. Thus, some metabolites are able to enhance and/or inhibit the immune response. Metabolite levels found in the host during an ongoing infection could provide valuable information on the pathogenesis and/or identify deregulated metabolic pathway that can be potential candidates for treatment and being potential specific biomarkers of the disease. To gain more insight into those aspects in Chagas disease, we performed an unprecedented metabolomic analysis in heart and plasma of mice infected with T. cruzi. Many metabolic pathways were profoundly affected by T. cruzi infection, such as glucose uptake, sorbitol pathway, fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis that were increased in heart tissue but decreased in plasma. Tricarboxylic acid cycle was decreased in heart tissue and plasma whereas reactive oxygen species production and uric acid formation were also deeply increased in infected hearts suggesting a stressful condition in the heart. While specific metabolites allantoin, kynurenine and p-cresol sulfate, resulting from nucleotide, tryptophan and phenylalanine/tyrosine metabolism, respectively, were increased in heart tissue and also in plasma. These results provide new valuable information on the pathogenesis of acute Chagas disease, unravel several new metabolic pathways susceptible of clinical management and identify metabolites useful as potential specific biomarkers for monitoring treatment and clinical severity in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Gironès
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Sofía Carbajosa
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Poveda
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Kok MG, Somsen GW, de Jong GJ. The role of capillary electrophoresis in metabolic profiling studies employing multiple analytical techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Saito K, Maekawa K, Ishikawa M, Senoo Y, Urata M, Murayama M, Nakatsu N, Yamada H, Saito Y. Glucosylceramide and lysophosphatidylcholines as potential blood biomarkers for drug-induced hepatic phospholipidosis. Toxicol Sci 2014; 141:377-86. [PMID: 24980264 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis is one of the major concerns in drug development and clinical treatment. The present study involved the use of a nontargeting lipidomic analysis with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to explore noninvasive blood biomarkers for hepatic phospholipidosis from rat plasma. We used three tricyclic antidepressants (clomipramine [CPM], imipramine [IMI], and amitriptyline [AMT]) for the model of phospholipidosis in hepatocytes and ketoconazole (KC) for the model of phospholipidosis in cholangiocytes and administered treatment for 3 and 28 days each. Total plasma lipids were extracted and measured. Lipid molecules contributing to the separation of control and drug-treated rat plasma in a multivariate orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were identified. Four lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) (16:1, 18:1, 18:2, and 20:4) and 42:1 hexosylceramide (HexCer) were identified as molecules separating control and drug-treated rats in all models of phospholipidosis in hepatocytes. In addition, 16:1, 18:2, and 20:4 LPCs and 42:1 HexCer were identified in a model of hepatic phospholipidosis in cholangiocytes, although LPCs were identified only in the case of 3-day treatment with KC. The levels of LPCs were decreased by drug-induced phospholipidosis, whereas those of 42:1 HexCer were increased. The increase in 42:1 HexCer was much higher in the case of IMI and AMT than in the case of CPM; moreover, the increase induced by IMI was dose-dependent. Structural characterization determining long-chain base and hexose delineated that 42:1 HexCer was d18:1/24:0 glucosylceramide (GluCer). In summary, our study demonstrated that d18:1/24:0 GluCer and LPCs are potential novel biomarkers for drug-induced hepatic phospholipidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Maekawa
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Senoo
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masayo Urata
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Murayama
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nakatsu
- Toxicogenomics Informatics Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Toxicogenomics Informatics Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medical Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Liu X, Zhong F, Tang XL, Lian FL, Zhou Q, Guo SM, Liu JF, Sun P, Hao X, Lu Y, Wang WM, Chen N, Zhang NX. Cordyceps sinensis protects against liver and heart injuries in a rat model of chronic kidney disease: a metabolomic analysis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:697-706. [PMID: 24632844 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that the traditional Chinese medicine Cordyceps sinensis could improve the metabolic function of extrarenal organs to achieve its anti-chronic kidney disease (CKD) effects. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into CKD rats (with 5/6-nephrectomy), CKD rats treated with Cordyceps sinensis (4 mg•kg-1•d-1, po), and sham-operated rats. After an 8-week treatment, metabolites were extracted from the hearts and livers of the rats, and then subjected to (1)H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis. RESULTS Oxidative stress, energy metabolism, amino acid and protein metabolism and choline metabolism were considered as links between CKD and extrarenal organ dysfunction. Within the experimental period of 8 weeks, the metabolic disorders in the liver were more pronounced than in the heart, suggesting that CKD-related extrarenal organ dysfunctions occurred sequentially rather than simultaneously. Oral administration of Cordyceps sinensis exerted statistically significant rescue effects on the liver and heart by reversely regulating levels of those metabolites that are typically perturbed in CKD. CONCLUSION Oral administration of Cordyceps sinensis significantly attenuates the liver and heart injuries in CKD rats. The (1)H NMR-based metabolomic approach has provided a systematic view for understanding of CKD and the drug treatment, which can also be used to elucidate the mechanisms of action of other traditional Chinese medicines.
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