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Bröer S. Amino acid transport across mammalian intestinal and renal epithelia. Physiol Rev 2008; 88:249-86. [PMID: 18195088 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00018.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 614] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transport of amino acids in kidney and intestine is critical for the supply of amino acids to all tissues and the homeostasis of plasma amino acid levels. This is illustrated by a number of inherited disorders affecting amino acid transport in epithelial cells, such as cystinuria, lysinuric protein intolerance, Hartnup disorder, iminoglycinuria, dicarboxylic aminoaciduria, and some other less well-described disturbances of amino acid transport. The identification of most epithelial amino acid transporters over the past 15 years allows the definition of these disorders at the molecular level and provides a clear picture of the functional cooperation between transporters in the apical and basolateral membranes of mammalian epithelial cells. Transport of amino acids across the apical membrane not only makes use of sodium-dependent symporters, but also uses the proton-motive force and the gradient of other amino acids to efficiently absorb amino acids from the lumen. In the basolateral membrane, antiporters cooperate with facilitators to release amino acids without depleting cells of valuable nutrients. With very few exceptions, individual amino acids are transported by more than one transporter, providing backup capacity for absorption in the case of mutational inactivation of a transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bröer
- School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
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O'Mara M, Oakley A, Bröer S. Mechanism and putative structure of B(0)-like neutral amino acid transporters. J Membr Biol 2007; 213:111-8. [PMID: 17417702 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-006-0879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The Na(+)-dependent transport of neutral amino acids in epithelial cells and neurons is mediated by B(0)-type neutral amino acid transporters. Two B(0)-type amino acid transporters have been identified in the neurotransmitter transporter family SLC6, namely B(0)AT1 (SLC6A19) and B(0)AT2 (SLC6A15). In contrast to other members of this family, B(0)-like transporters are chloride-independent. B(0)AT1 and B(0)AT2 preferentially bind the substrate prior to the Na(+)-ion. The Na(+)-concentration affects the K ( m ) of the substrate and vice versa. A kinetic scheme is proposed that is consistent with the experimental data. An overlapping binding site of substrate and cosubstrate has been demonstrated in the bacterial orthologue LeuT( Aa ) from Aquifex aeolicus, which elegantly explains the mutual effect of substrate and cosubstrate on each other's K ( m )-value. LeuT( Aa ) is sequence-related to transporters of the SLC6 family, allowing homology modeling of B(0)-like transporters along its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Mara
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
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Cole DE, Rastogi N. Sulfate transport in human placenta: further evidence for a sodium-independent mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1064:287-92. [PMID: 2036444 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(91)90313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sulfate transport in isolated placental brush-border membrane vesicles has properties consistent with an anion exchange process. To ascertain the relevance of this finding to sulfate accumulation by the fetus and placenta in vivo, we examined sulfate transport in human placental tissue slices, comparing sulfate uptake with that of a non-metabolizable amino acid marker, alpha-aminoisobutyrate (AIB). In contrast to AIB, which was actively concentrated from physiological media, sulfate uptake by the placenta slice was concentrative only in the absence of sodium and at low pH. Uptake of sulfate reached a steady state after 60 min. It was blocked by DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate), a specific inhibitor of anion transport, but not by ouabain. We found no evidence for Na(+)-dependent uptake of sulfate in incubated placental tissue. It seems unlikely that Na(+)-dependent sulfate transport by the placenta can be responsible for net sulfate accumulation by the human fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Cole
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Spencer PD, Roth KS. Effects of succinylacetone on amino acid uptake in the rat kidney. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1987; 37:101-9. [PMID: 3566973 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(87)90015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Infants with hereditary tyrosinemia also have a renal Fanconi syndrome and excrete succinylacetone (SA). We have studied the effects of SA on rat renal tubular amino acid transport in vivo and in vitro using isolated renal tubules. Injection of SA produces increased clearance of several amino acids in the intact animal. In vitro SA causes a reversible inhibition of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid uptake, resulting from depressed low- and high-affinity transport systems. Addition of glutamate, succinate, or glucose, alone or in combination, did not restore transport. These observations suggest the usefulness of SA in the production of a physiologic animal model for the study of the human Fanconi syndrome.
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Goodyer PR, Rozen R, Scriver CR. A gamma-aminobutyric acid-specific transport mechanism in mammalian kidney. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985; 818:45-54. [PMID: 3925996 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(85)90136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe high-affinity, sodium-dependent transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid in slices exposing basal lateral membranes and brush-border membrane vesicles prepared from rat renal cortex. In the presence of aminooxyacetic acid, to block gamma-aminobutyric acid oxidation, uptake into the intracellular space of slices was saturable (apparent Kt, 26 +/- 4 microM, mean and S.E.) and concentrative (steady-state distribution ratio at 50 microM gamma-aminobutyric acid, 47.7 +/- 2.4, mean and S.E.). Brush-border membrane vesicles accumulated gamma-aminobutyric acid in the presence of an inward-directed sodium chloride gradient, (apparent Kt, 30-36 microM) with the peak of 'overshoot' at 10 min. Uptake by vesicles responded to manipulation of the transmembrane potential gradient with valinomycin or impermeant anion. beta-Alanine inhibited gamma-aminobutyric acid transport by slices and brush-border membrane vesicles; inhibitors of neuronal-type gamma-aminobutyric acid transport (e.g., nipecotic and diaminobutyric acids) did not. An 'ABC test' indicated that gamma-aminobutyric acid and beta-alanine do not share a single carrier in either the brush-border or basal-lateral membrane of renal cortex. Influx of gamma-aminobutyric acid into brush-border membrane vesicles, at transequilibrium NaCl, was stimulated by trans-gamma-aminobutyric acid but not by trans-taurine. Ion gradient-driven gamma-aminobutyric acid co-transport was unaffected in freeze-thawed brush-border membrane vesicles; this treatment abolished beta-alanine and taurine co-transport. We conclude that rat kidney membranes (brush-border and basal-lateral) possess a gamma-aminobutyric acid-preferring, high-affinity transport mechanism.
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Cole DE, Koltay M, Scriver CR. Sulfate transport by mouse renal cortical slices does not represent uptake by brush-border membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1984; 776:113-21. [PMID: 6477899 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(84)90257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We measured uptake of isotopically 35S-labelled sulfate anion by slices and by brush border membrane vesicles prepared from mouse renal cortex to identify: (i) whether metabolic incorporation of anion influences net transport; (ii) which membrane is primarily exposed in the renal cortex slice. Slices accumulated sulfate without significant incorporation into metabolic pools. Net uptake of sulfate at 0.1 mM by the slice occurred against an electrochemical gradient as determined by measurement of free intracellular sulfate concentration, the isotopic distribution ratio at steady-state, and the distribution of lipophilic ions (TPP+ and SCN-). Carrier mediation of sulfate transport in the slice was confirmed by observing concentration-dependent saturation of net uptake and counter-transport stimulation of efflux. Anion uptake was Na+-independent, K+- and H+-stimulated, and inhibited by disulfonated stilbenes. Brush-border membrane vesicles accumulated sulfate by a saturable mechanism dependent on a Na+ gradient (outside greater than inside); others have shown that uptake of sulfate by brush-border membrane vesicles is insensitive to inhibition by disulfonated stilbenes. These findings indicate that different mechanisms serve sulfate transport in renal cortex slice and brush-border membrane vesicle preparations. They also imply that the slice exposes an epithelial surface different from the brush-border, presumably the basolateral membrane, or its equivalent, since sulfate transport by slices resembles that observed with isolated basolateral membrane vesicles.
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Medow MS, Foreman JW, Bovee KC, Segal S. Developmental changes of glycine transport in the dog. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 693:85-92. [PMID: 7150596 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(82)90473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The renal clearance of amino acids was measured in canine pups between 5 days and 12 weeks of age. The reabsorption of glycine was incomplete at 5 and 21 days, indicating a physiologic aminoaciduria of immaturity. An adult pattern of 97-100% reabsorption appeared by 8 weeks of age. The uptake of glycine by isolated renal tubules from 5-day-old, 3-month-old and adult dogs was examined towards an understanding of the events underlying this aminoaciduria. The initial uptake of 0.042 mM glycine by isolated tubules from the newborn was lower than that of the adult, but after 30 min of incubation the newborn surpassed the adult. A steady state of uptake was not achieved by the newborn even after 90 min of incubation, while it was achieved in the adult after 30 min. The uptake by the 3-month-old tubules resembled the adult at the early time points and the newborn at later points. With 1.032 mM glycine, a similar relationship of uptake between adult and newborn tubules was found, except with this concentration, the uptake by both the newborn and adult tubules reached a steady state. The concentration dependence of glycine uptake showed two saturable transport systems with similar apparent Km and Vmax values after 30 min of incubation for all three age groups. Determination of glycine flux by compartmental analysis revealed decreased influx and efflux in the newborn, but with a greater decrease in efflux, compared to adult. These changes of influx and efflux which accompany renal tubule maturation could contribute to the increased intracellular amino acid levels and decreased reabsorption of amino acids seen in the immature dog.
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Rabito CA, Karish MV. Polarized amino acid transport by an epithelial cell line of renal origin (LLC-PK1). The basolateral systems. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Huth PJ, Shug AL. Properties of carnitine transport in rat kidney cortex slices. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1980; 602:621-34. [PMID: 7437424 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The properties of carnitine transport were studied in rat kidney cortex slices. Tissue:medium concentration gradients of 7.9 for L-[methyl-14C]carnitine were attained after 60-min incubation at 37 degrees C in 40 microM substrate. L- and D-carnitine uptake showed saturability. The concentration curves appeared to consist of (1) a high-affinity component, and (2) a lower affinity site. When corrected for the latter components, the estimated Km for L-carnitine was 90 microM and V = 22 nmol/min per ml intracellular fluid; for D-carnitine, Km = 166 microM and V = 15 nmol/min per ml intracellular fluid. The system was stereospecific for L-carnitine. The uptake of L-carnitine was inhibited by (1) D-carnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, and (2) acetyl-L-carnitine. gamma-Butyrobetaine and acetyl-L-carnitine were competitive inhibitors of L-carnitine uptake. Carnitine transport was not significantly reduced by choline, betaine, lysine or gamma-aminobutyric acid. Carnitine uptake was inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone, N2 atmosphere, KCN, N -ethylmaleimide, low temperature (4 degrees C) and ouabain. Complete replacement of Na+ in the medium by Li+ reduced L- and D-carnitine uptake by 75 and 60%, respectively. Complete replacement of K+ or Ca2+ in the medium also significantly reduces carnitien uptake. Two roles for the carnitine transport system in kidney are proposed: (1) a renal tubule reabsorption system for the steady-state maintenance of plasma carnitine; and (2) maintenance of normal carnitine levels in kidney cells, which is required for fatty acid oxidation.
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Schlepphorst E, Kelley LK, Smith CH. Placental amino acid uptake. V. Relationship to placental maturation in the rat. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980; 137:499-504. [PMID: 7386534 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)91136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The functional maturation of the placenta during the latter portion of pregnancy is almost certainly essential to fetal growth but its mechanism is largely unknown. To determine the role of changes in intrinsic cellular transport in this process we measured the activity of transport systems for AIB between day 14 and term, a period of known marked increase in in vivo AIB transfer in the rat. In vitro incubation demonstrated that the labyrinthine tissue possessed two transport systems for cellular AIB uptake. Their maximum velocities remained essentially constant from day 16 to term and the intracellular concentration achieved during incubation actually decreased with gestational and the intracellular concentration achieved during incubation actually decreased with gestational age. In vitro tissue preincubation increased cellular uptake of AIB and this response also decreased with maturation. Thus changes in intrinsic transport mechanisms do not at all parallel the very large maturational increase in in utero amino acid transfer. Changes in intrauterine factors such as blood flow, the hormonal millieu, or fetal utilization and the resultant placental-fetal concentration gradients are much more likely to account for the increase in transfer than are alterations in cellular transport mechanisms.
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Abstract
The transport of glycine was investigated in histologically normal adult human kidney cortical slices. Uptake occurs against a gradient and shows concentration dependence. Kinetic analysis reveals two systems for transport of glycine with apparent transport Km values of 0.511 and 34.2 mM. Glycine transport on the high-Km system is competitively inhibited by 50 mML-proline. Transport inhibition on the low-Km system could not be directly evaluated, but on theoretic grounds appears not to be inhibited by L-proline or hydroxyproline. Alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, valine, and thioproline are also shown to inhibit glycine uptake. Low medium sodium or anaerobic incubation depress the uptake of glycine. These observations are consistent with previous reports of glycine transport in rat kidney and support the proposals for the mechanism of familial iminoglycinuria based on in vivo investigations.
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Reynolds R, Roth KS, Hwang SM, Segal S. On the development of glycine transport systems by rat renal cortex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 511:274-84. [PMID: 678545 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(78)90320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The initial uptake of glycine by renal cortical slices from newborn Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats is the same as that observed in adult tissues. Both newborn and adult tissue possess similar high and low affinity glycine transport systems which require an examination of velocity measurements over a wide range of concentration (0.02--50.0 mM) for their discernment. Initial rates of glycine uptake by isolated renal tubule fragments from newborn and adults are similar at a physiological substrate concentration but at high glycine levels there appears to be a decrease in velocity of uptake (V) associated with the high Km system in the young. Whatever preparation of renal cortex is studied, there is a consistent finding that immature tissue is able to accumulate much higher intracellular levels of glycine than the adult, a finding consistent with slower efflux from the cell. An interpretation of the etiology of physiologic aminoaciduria in young animals should take this into account.
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Burns DJ, Tucker SA. An evaluation of fitting methods for the sum of two hyperbolas: application to uptake studies. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 81:45-52. [PMID: 590270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of data in terms of the sum of two rectangular hyperbolas is frequently required in solute uptake studies. Four methods for such analysis have been compared. Three are based on least-squares fitting whereas the fourth (partition method I) is an extension of a single hyperbola fitting procedure based on non-parametric statistics. The four methods were tested using data sets which had been generated with two primary types of random, normal error in the dependent variable: one of constant error variance and the other of constant coefficient of variation. The methods were tested on further data sets which were obtained by incorporating single 10% bias errors at different positions in the original two sets. Partition method I consistently gave good estimates for the four parameters defining the double hyperbola and was highly insensitive to the bias errors. The least-squares procedures performed well under conditions satisfying the least-squares assumptions regarding error distribution, but frequently gave poor estimates when these assumptions did not hold. Our conclusion is that in view of the errors inherent in many solute uptake experiments it would usually be preferable to analyse data by a method such as partition method I rather than to rely on a least-squares procedure.
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Berman WF, Bautista JO, Rogers S, Segal S. Metabolism and transport of galactose by rat intestine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 455:90-101. [PMID: 990332 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal uptake and metabolism of galactose were examined in everted jejunal rings from fasted adult rats using 0.2-28 mM sugar. After 60-min incubations, the total uptake (free tissue plus amount metabolized) of galactose ranged from 1.75 mumol/g at 0.2 mM to 21 mumol/g at 28 mM. Free tissue galactose was 17% of the former and 73% of the latter amount while that oxidized to 14CO2 represented only 6-16% of amount taken up. Compared to glucose, similar amounts of galactose are taken up at 0.2-2.0 mM, however, gllcose rtween 0.2 and 2 mM similar amounts of both sugars are metabolized, although a greater portion of the glucose is oxidized to 14CO2. Above 2.0 mM, 2-3 times more glucose is metabolized than galactose. Both uptake and metabolism showed saturability and kinetic analysis revealed two limbed Linweaver-Burk plots, suggesting operation of a high affinity low Km and a low affinity high Km system for sugar transport. In a series of in vivo studies, to assess the role of the intestine in the total body metabolism of galactose, 14C-labeled galactose injected intraperitoneally at a dose of either 50 or 300 mg into fasted normal, sham operated and enterectomized rats, no observable difference in 14CO2 production resulted in between the groups. It would thus appear that although extensive metabolism of galactose may take place in intestinal tissue in vitro, the intestine does not play a significant role in galactose disposition in vivo.
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Delvin E, Scriver CR, Neal JL. Pyruvate carboxylase in human liver. Apparent loss of a component of catalytic activity in a form of lactic acidosis with hypoglycemia. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1974; 10:97-106. [PMID: 4364467 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(74)90012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
After incubation at 37 degrees C the subsequent uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, cycloleucine, glycine, and L-proline by newborn (as compared to adult) rat kidney cortex slices is enhanced. The effect is abolished by the presence of cycloheximide, actinomycin D, and high concentrations of the above-mentioned amino acids in the medium during the 37 degrees C incubation prior to measurement of uptake. The data suggest that there is an adaptive control mechanism which is expressed on incubation at 37 degrees C and which can regulate amino acid transport in newborn rat kidney cortex.
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Sedman AJ, Wagner JG. Quantitative pooling of Michaelis-Menten equations in models with parallel metabolite formation paths. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS 1974; 2:149-60. [PMID: 4427219 DOI: 10.1007/bf01061505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Risser WL, Gelehrter TD. Hormonal Modulation of Amino Acid Transport in Rat Hepatoma Cells in Tissue Culture. J Biol Chem 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)44289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Miller DS, Houghten D, Burrill P, Herzberg GR, Lerner J. Specificity characteristics in the intestinal absorption of model amino acids in domestic fowl. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. A, COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1973; 44:17-34. [PMID: 4404862 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(73)90365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Levi G. Transport systems for GABA and for other amino acids in incubated chick brain tissue during development. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 151:8-21. [PMID: 5044528 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Crawford RL, Hampton JR. Further characterization of lysine uptake by Trypanosoma cruzi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(72)90071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Neal JL. Analysis of Michaelis kinetics for two independent, saturable membrane transport functions. J Theor Biol 1972; 35:113-8. [PMID: 5044826 DOI: 10.1016/0022-5193(72)90196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Baerlocher KE, Scriver CR, Mohyuddin F. The ontogeny of amino acid transport in rat kidney. I. Effect on distribution ratios and intracellular metabolism of proline and glycine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 249:353-63. [PMID: 5134188 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Baerlocher KE, Scriver CR, Mohyuddin F. The ontogeny of amino acid transport in rat kidney. II. Kinetics of uptake and effect of anoxia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 249:364-72. [PMID: 5134189 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Guidotti GG. [Amino acid transport across the cell membrane. Insulin regulation]. ACTA DIABETOLOGICA LATINA 1971; 8:1201-7. [PMID: 5147441 DOI: 10.1007/bf01550922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Mackenzie S, Scriver CR. Transport of L-proline and -aminoisobutyric acid in the isolated rat kidney glomerulus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 241:725-36. [PMID: 5160732 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Genel M, Rea CF, Segal S. Transport interaction of sugars and amino acids in mammalian kidney. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 241:779-88. [PMID: 5160733 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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32
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Coben LA, Cotlier E, Beaty C, Becker B. Transport of amino acids by rabbit choroid plexus in vitro. Brain Res 1971; 30:67-82. [PMID: 5092631 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(71)90006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wolfinbarger L, Debusk AG. Molecular transport. I. In vivo studies of transport mutants of Neurospora crassa with altered amino acid competition patterns. Arch Biochem Biophys 1971; 144:503-11. [PMID: 5569897 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(71)90355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Osman FH, Paton DM. Transport of -aminoisobutyric acid in rabbit detrusor muscle. I. General characteristics of the uptake in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 233:666-75. [PMID: 5113924 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Utech NM, Reid KG, Holden JT. Properties of a Dicarboxylic Amino Acid Transport-deficient Mutant of Streptococcus faecalis. J Biol Chem 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)62750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Nelson KM, Lerner J. A distinct, Na+-dependent glycine transport system in avian small intestine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 203:434-44. [PMID: 5523742 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Brodehl J, Gellissen K, Kaas WP. The renal transport of amino acids in untreated infants with phenylketonuria. ACTA PAEDIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 1970; 59:241-8. [PMID: 5424437 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1970.tb08999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mackenzie S, Scriver CR. Proline transport into isolated rat glomeruli. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 196:110-2. [PMID: 5412243 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Scriver CR, Hechtman P. Human genetics of membrane transport with emphasis on amino acids. ADVANCES IN HUMAN GENETICS 1970; 1:211-74. [PMID: 4950283 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-0958-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Munck BG, Schultz SG. Interactions between leucine and lysine transport in rabbit ileum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 183:182-93. [PMID: 5792865 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Mohyuddin F, Scriver CR. Similarity of L-proline transport systems in kidney of the rat in-vitro, and of man in-vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1968; 32:852-60. [PMID: 5682309 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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