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Tanaka Y, Inaba C, Sawa T, Endo K, Saiki T, Haga H, Tanaka S. Brassica rapa L. prevents Western diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice through its binding capacity of cholesterol and fat. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1205-1211. [PMID: 37355784 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic disorder caused by excessive energy intake leading to fat accumulation in adipose tissue, increases the risk of severe diseases. Brassica rapa L. is known as a traditional vegetable in the Nagano area of Japan. C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups, with different diets as follows: a normal diet, a Western diet (WD), and a WD plus B. rapa L. powder (BP) in a 56-day experiment. Brassica rapa L. supplementation reduced the body weight gain and lipid accumulation of mice significantly. The BP group also had higher fecal bile acid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride excretion levels compared with those in the other groups. The antiobesity effects of B. rapa L. were due to its binding with cholesterol and fat, and possibly enhancing the bile acid excretion and modulating gut microbiota, suggesting that B. rapa L. could be a functional vegetable with potential uses in targeting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Tanaka
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Chihiro Inaba
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Toko Sawa
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Katsunori Endo
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology Agriculture, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takeru Saiki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hazuki Haga
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Sachi Tanaka
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology Agriculture, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
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2
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Koopmann IK, Kramer A, Labes A. Development and validation of reliable astaxanthin quantification from natural sources. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278504. [PMID: 36459522 PMCID: PMC9718415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin derived from natural sources occurs in the form of various esters and stereomers, which complicates its quantitative and qualitative analysis. To simplify and standardize astaxanthin measurement with high precision, an enzymolysis-based astaxanthin quantification method was developed to hydrolyze astaxanthin esters and determine free astaxanthin in all its diastereomeric forms. Astaxanthin standards and differently processed Haematococcus pluvialis biomass were investigated. Linear correlation of standards of all-E-astaxanthin was observed in a measurement range between extract concentrations of 1.0 μg/mL and 11.2 μg/mL with a coefficient of variation below 5%. The diastereomers 9Z-, and 13Z-astaxanthin, and two di-Z-forms were detected. In contrast to the measurement of standards, the observed measurement range was extended to 30 μg/mL in extracts from H. pluvialis. The nature of the sample had to be taken into account for measurement, as cell, respectively, sample composition altered the optimal concentration for astaxanthin determination. The measurement precision of all-E-astaxanthin quantification in dried H. pluvialis biomass (1.2-1.8 mg dried biomass per sample) was calculated with a coefficient of variation of maximum 1.1%, whereas it was below 10% regarding the diastereomers. Complete enzymolysis was performed with 1.0 to 2.0 units of cholesterol esterase in the presence of various solvents with up to 2.0 mg biomass (dry weight). The method was compared with other astaxanthin determination approaches in which astaxanthin is converted to acetone in a further step before measurement. The developed method resulted in a higher total astaxanthin recovery but lower selectivity of the diastereomers. The reliability of photometric astaxanthin estimations was assessed by comparing them with the developed chromatographic method. At later stages in the cell cycle of H. pluvialis, all methods yielded similar results (down to 0.1% deviation), but photometry lost precision at earlier stages (up to 31.5% deviation). To optimize sample storage, the shelf life of astaxanthin-containing samples was investigated. Temperatures below -20°C, excluding oxygen, and storing intact H. pluvialis cells instead of dried or disrupted biomass reduced astaxanthin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga K. Koopmann
- ZAiT, Center for Analytics in Technology Transfer of Bio and Food Technology Innovations, Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Annemarie Kramer
- ZAiT, Center for Analytics in Technology Transfer of Bio and Food Technology Innovations, Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Antje Labes
- ZAiT, Center for Analytics in Technology Transfer of Bio and Food Technology Innovations, Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
- * E-mail:
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3
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Acevedo-Fani A, Singh H. Biophysical insights into modulating lipid digestion in food emulsions. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101129. [PMID: 34710489 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, major scientific advances on understanding the mechanisms of lipid digestion and metabolism have been made, with a view to addressing health issues (such as obesity) associated with overconsumption of lipid-rich and sucrose-rich foods. As lipids in common foods exist in the form of emulsions, the structuring of emulsions has been one the main strategies for controlling the rate of lipid digestion and absorption, at least from a colloid science viewpoint. Modulating the kinetics of lipid digestion and absorption offers interesting possibilities for developing foods that can provide control of postprandial lipaemia and control the release of lipophilic compounds. Food emulsions can be designed to achieve considerable differences in the kinetics of lipid digestion but most research has been applied to relatively simple model systems and in in vitro digestion models. Further research to translate this knowledge into more complex food systems and to validate the results in human studies is required. One promising approach to delay/control lipid digestion is to alter the stomach emptying rate of lipids, which is largely affected by interactions of emulsion droplets with the food matrices. Food matrices with different responses to the gastric environment and with different interactions between oil droplets and the food matrix can be designed to influence lipid digestion. This review focuses on key scientific advances made during the last decade on understanding the physicochemical and structural modifications of emulsified lipids, mainly from a biophysical science perspective. The review specifically explores different approaches by which the structure and stability of emulsions may be altered to achieve specific lipid digestion kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Acevedo-Fani
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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4
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Kato E, Tsuruma A, Amishima A, Satoh H. Proteinous pancreatic lipase inhibitor is responsible for the antiobesity effect of young barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaf extract. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1885-1889. [PMID: 34048530 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Young barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) have various health effects and are employed as an ingredient in the production of health-promoting foods. Promoting antiobesity is one such health effect; however, the mechanism and bioactive compounds are unclear. In this research, young barley leaf extract (YB) was demonstrated to possess pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. The addition of YB to a high-fat diet in mice increased fecal lipid content, indicating reduced absorption of lipids as the mechanism underlying antiobesity effect. The investigation of bioactive compounds in YB resulted in the identification of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase as a proteinous lipase inhibitor. Maximum inhibition of the protein was 45%, but inhibition was displayed at a concentration as low as 16 ng/mL, which is a characteristic inhibition compared with other reported proteinous lipase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Kato
- Division of Fundamental AgriScience and Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ai Tsuruma
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ayaka Amishima
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Nissei Bio Co., Ltd., Megumino-kita, Eniwa, Hokkaido, Japan
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5
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Tian Q, Hua Y. Oxidation reactions in model systems simulating the processing of soybeans into soymilk: role of lipase and lipoxygenase in volatile flavors formation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1873363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Food College, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Yufei Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Martínez-Pérez RB, Rodríguez JA, Leyva Soto LA, Gortáres-Moroyoqui P, Diaz-Tenorio LM. Cannonball jellyfish digestion: an insight into the lipolytic enzymes of the digestive system. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9794. [PMID: 33194347 PMCID: PMC7485504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The digestive system and metabolism of the cannonball jellyfish Stomolophus sp. 2 are not well-known. The digestion study was critical to explain its ecology and bloom success. Different enzymes are involved in food digestion, which hydrolyze carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. This study detected lipolytic activity in enzymatic extracts from gastric pouches of Stomolophus sp. 2 collected in the summer of 2013 at Bahía de Kino, Sonora, México (28°47′47″N 111°57′25″W). Lipase/esterase activity showed optimal pH at 11.0 and 50–60 °C with a half-life (t1/2) of 33 min at 55 °C, whereas halotolerance of this activity was recorded from 0-4 M NaCl. Metal ions Ca2+ and Mn2+ did not affect the activity, but Mg2+ decreased it 14.2% ± 3.15, while chelating agents as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid reduced the activity 8.55% ± 2.13. Inhibition of lipase/esterase activity with tetrahydrolipstatin and paraoxon-ethyl decreased the activity 18.2% ± 2.3, and 62.80% ± 0.74, respectively, whereas phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (a protease inhibitor) did not affect it. The enzyme displayed a higher specificity for short-chain triglycerides, but triolein, coconut oil, olive oil, and fish oil were hydrolyzed. For the first time, phospholipase activity from the gastric pouch of Stomolophus sp. 2 was detected using L-α-phosphatidylethanolamine from chicken egg yolk as a substrate. These results suggest that Stomolophus sp. 2 hydrolyze several kinds of lipids, and lipolytic enzymes are active at alkaline pH under different saline conditions, which may be essential to digest different preys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul B. Martínez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge A. Rodríguez
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Alonso Leyva Soto
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
- Dirección de Cátedras, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Lourdes M. Diaz-Tenorio
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
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7
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The smooth-hound lipolytic system: Biochemical characterization of a purified digestive lipase, lipid profile and in vitro oil digestibility. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:1120-1129. [PMID: 28476598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to identify fish enzymes displaying novel biochemical properties, we choose the common smooth-hound (Mustelus mustelus) as a starting biological material to characterize the digestive lipid hydrolyzing enzyme. A smooth-hound digestive lipase (SmDL) was purified from a delipidated pancreatic powder. The SmDL molecular weight was around 50kDa. Specific activities of 2200 and 500U/mg were measured at pH 9 and 40°C using tributyrin and olive oil emulsion as substrates, respectively. Unlike known mammal pancreatic lipases, the SmDL was stable at 50°C and it retained 90% of its initial activity after 15min of incubation at 60°C. Interestingly, bile salts act as an activator of the SmDL. It's worth to notice that the SmDL was also salt-tolerant since it was active in the presence of high salt concentrations reaching 0.8M. Fatty acid (FA) analysis of oil from the smooth-hound viscera showed a dominance of unsaturated ones (UFAs). Interestingly, the major n-3 fatty acids were DHA and EPA with contents of 18.07% and 6.14%, respectively. In vitro digestibility model showed that the smooth hound oil was efficiently hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipases, which suggests the higher assimilation of fish oils by consumers.
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8
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Nanostructuring Biomaterials with Specific Activities towards Digestive Enzymes for Controlled Gastrointestinal Absorption of Lipophilic Bioactive Molecules. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 237:52-75. [PMID: 28314428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the development of novel lipid-based biomaterials that modulate fat digestion for the enhanced uptake of encapsulated lipophilic bioactive compounds (e.g. drugs and vitamins). Specific focus is directed towards analysing how key material characteristics affect the biological function of digestive lipases and manipulate lipolytic digestion. The mechanism of lipase action is a complex, interfacial process, whereby hydrolysis can be controlled by the ability for lipase to access and adsorb to the lipid-in-water interface. However, significant conjecture exists within the literature regarding parameters that influence the activities of digestive lipases. Important findings from recent investigations that strategically examined the interplay between the interfacial composition of the lipid microenvironment and lipolysis kinetics in simulated biophysical environments are presented. The correlation between lipolysis and the rate of solubilisation and absorption of lipophilic compounds in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is detailed. Greater insights into the mechanism of lipase action have provided a new approach for designing colloidal carriers that orally deliver poorly soluble compounds, directly impacting the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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9
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Sellami M, Louati H, Kamoun J, Kchaou A, Damak M, Gargouri Y. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase and amylase by extracts of different spices and plants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:313-320. [PMID: 27706951 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1237479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to search new anti-obesity and anti-diabetic agents from plant and spices crude extracts as alternative to synthetic drugs. The inhibitory effect of 72 extracts was evaluated, in vitro, on lipase and amylase activities. Aqueous extracts of cinnamon and black tea exhibited an appreciable inhibitory effect on pancreatic amylase with IC50 values of 18 and 87 μg, respectively. Aqueous extracts of cinnamon and mint showed strong inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase with IC50 of 45 and 62 μg, respectively. The presence of bile salts and colipase or an excess of interface failed to restore the lipase activity. Therefore, the inhibition of pancreatic lipase, by extracts of spices and plants, belongs to an irreversible inhibition. Crude extract of cinnamon showed the strongest anti-lipase and anti-amylase activities which offer a prospective therapeutic approach for the management of diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sellami
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hanen Louati
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Jannet Kamoun
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ali Kchaou
- b CHU Habib Bourguiba, Route de l'Ain , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Damak
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Youssef Gargouri
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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10
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O'Connor CJ, Butler PA, Sutton BM. Bile-Salt-Stimulated Human Milk Lipase: Interaction with Proteins. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391158800300405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The initial rates of hydrolysis of triolein, catalyzed by bile-salt-stimulated hu man milk lipase, BSSL, were measured at pH 7.5 and 37 ° C, in the presence of selected proteins, namely immunoglobulin A, α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, hen egg white lysozyme, pancreatic lipase, myoglobin and the very surface active protein melittin. The esterase activity of the enzyme against 4-nitro- phenylacetate was also measured in the presence of a number of different samples of lactoferrin. Under the conditions used, α-lactalbumin and hen egg white lysozyme had almost no effect on the lipase activity. Immunoglobulin A was slightly inhibitory; lactoferrin, pancreatic lipase and myoglobin were all partially inhibitory; and melittin was capable of almost completely inac tivating the lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul A.G. Butler
- Chemistry Department University of Auckland Private Bag Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bridget M. Sutton
- Chemistry Department University of Auckland Private Bag Auckland, New Zealand
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Joyce P, Whitby CP, Prestidge CA. Interfacial processes that modulate the kinetics of lipase-mediated catalysis using porous silica host particles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08934h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface immobilised lipases are important bioactive materials that have a wide range of applications in the biotechnology, chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joyce
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
- University of South Australia, City East Campus
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Catherine P. Whitby
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North 4442
- New Zealand
| | - Clive A. Prestidge
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
- University of South Australia, City East Campus
- Adelaide
- Australia
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12
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Cellulosic fraction of rice bran fibre alters the conformation and inhibits the activity of porcine pancreatic lipase. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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13
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Smichi N, Miled N, Gargouri Y, Fendri A. A newly thermoactive and detergent-stable lipase from annular sea bream (Diplodus annularis): Biochemical properties. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 64:79-86. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Smichi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases; ENIS route de Soukra; Sfax Tunisia
| | - Nabil Miled
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases; ENIS route de Soukra; Sfax Tunisia
| | - Youssef Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases; ENIS route de Soukra; Sfax Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases; ENIS route de Soukra; Sfax Tunisia
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14
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Lee SS, Mohd Esa N, Loh SP. In Vitro
Inhibitory Activity of Selected Legumes Against Pancreatic Lipase. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siew Siew Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine; Institute of Bioscience; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence; Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Su Peng Loh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence; Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
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15
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Shene C, Spuler MJ, Acevedo F, Rubilar M. Seed meals as source of fractions with different effects on pancreatic lipase activity. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Shene
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCentre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIORENUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
- Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic CenterCGNATechnology and Processes UnitUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
| | - María José Spuler
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCentre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIORENUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
| | - Francisca Acevedo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCentre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIORENUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
- Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic CenterCGNATechnology and Processes UnitUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
| | - Mónica Rubilar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCentre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIORENUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
- Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic CenterCGNATechnology and Processes UnitUniversidad de La FronteraTemucoChile
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16
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Shin DJ, Choi I, Yokoyama WH, Kim MJ, Kim Y. Decreased fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes treated with extracts of heat-processed soy flour and breads. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doo-Jee Shin
- Department of Home Economics; Graduate School; Korea University; Seoul 136-701 Korea
| | - Induck Choi
- National Institute of Crop Science; Rural Development Administration; Iksan 570-080 Korea
| | - Wallace H. Yokoyama
- U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service; Western Regional Research Center; Albany CA 94710 USA
| | - Mi-Ja Kim
- The Institute of Life Science; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 440-746 Korea
| | - Yookyung Kim
- Department of Home Economics; Graduate School; Korea University; Seoul 136-701 Korea
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17
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Smichi N, Gargouri Y, Miled N, Fendri A. A grey mullet enzyme displaying both lipase and phospholipase activities: Purification and characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Marze S. Bioaccessibility of Nutrients and Micronutrients from Dispersed Food Systems: Impact of the Multiscale Bulk and Interfacial Structures. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:76-108. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.525331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Shene C, Spuler MJ, Leyton A, Duarte C, Acevedo F, Rubilar M. Pancreatic lipase activity in emulsions containing seed meals: Effect of extrusion. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Shene
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Technology and Process Unit at Agro‐aquaculture Genomic Center, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María José Spuler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Allison Leyton
- Technology and Process Unit at Agro‐aquaculture Genomic Center, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Program of Master in Engineering Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carla Duarte
- Program of Master in Engineering Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisca Acevedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Technology and Process Unit at Agro‐aquaculture Genomic Center, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mónica Rubilar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Technology and Process Unit at Agro‐aquaculture Genomic Center, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Rivera-Pérez C, García-Carreño FL, Saborowski R. Purification and biochemical characterization of digestive lipase in whiteleg shrimp. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 13:284-295. [PMID: 20464437 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Penaeus vannamei lipase was purified from midgut gland of whiteleg shrimp. Pure lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) was obtained after Superdex 200 gel filtration and Resource Q anionic exchange. The pure lipase, which is a glycosylated molecule, is a monomer having a molecular mass of about 44.8 kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis. The lipase hydrolyses short and long-chain triacylglycerols and naphthol derivates at comparable rates. A specific activity of 1787 U mg(-1) and 475 U mg(-1) was measured with triolein and tributyrin as substrates, respectively, at pH 8.0 and 30°C in the absence of colipase. The lipase showed a K (m, app) of 3.22 mM and k (cat, app)/K (m, app) of 0.303 × 10(3) mM(-1) s(-1) using triolein as substrate. Natural detergents, such as sodium deoxycholate, act as potent inhibitors of the lipase. This inhibition can be reversed by adding fresh oil emulsion. Result with tetrahydrolipstatin, an irreversible inhibitor, suggests that the lipase is a serine enzyme. Peptide sequences of the lipase were determined and compared with the full-length sequence of lipase which was obtained by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends method. The full cDNA of the pvl was 1,186 bp, with a deduced protein of 362 amino acids that includes a consensus sequence (GXSXG) of the lipase superfamily of α/β-hydrolase. The gene exhibits features of conserved catalytic residues and high homology with various mammalian and insect lipase genes. A potential lid sequence is suggested for pvl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crisalejandra Rivera-Pérez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Apdo. Postal 128, La Paz, B.C.S. 23000, Mexico
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Rivera-Pérez C, del Toro MDLÁN, García-Carreño F. Purification and characterization of an intracellular lipase from pleopods of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 158:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu R, Zhang J, Liu W, Kimura Y, Zheng Y. Anti-Obesity effects of protopanaxdiol types of Ginsenosides isolated from the leaves of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:1079-87. [PMID: 20627120 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Effects of protopanaxdiol (PDG) and protopanaxatriol (PTG) types of ginsenosides isolated from the leaves of American ginseng on porcine pancreatic lipase activity were determined in vitro. PDG inhibited the pancreatic lipase activity in a dose-dependent manner at the concentrations of 0.25-1mg/ml. It inhibited hydrolysis of about 83.2% of triolein at about 1mg/ml of PDG. However, PTG showed no inhibitory activity. Therefore, anti-obesity activity of PDG was evaluated in mice fed a high-fat diet. The results demonstrated that PDG was effective in preventing and healing obesity, fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia in mice fed with a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun-shi, Jilin 130118, China
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van Aken GA. Relating Food Emulsion Structure and Composition to the Way It Is Processed in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Physiological Responses: What Are the Opportunities? FOOD BIOPHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-010-9160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Smichi N, Fendri A, Chaâbouni R, Rebah FB, Gargouri Y, Miled N. Purification and Biochemical Characterization of an Acid-Stable Lipase from the Pyloric Caeca of Sardine (Sardinella aurita). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1483-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-8920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Belitz H, Weder JKP. Protein inhibitors of hydrolases in plant foodstuffs. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129009540866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Emenhiser C, Notturno M, Fennema O. Anin vitroassay for assessing the effects of dietary components such as fiber on lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of long-chain triacylglycerols. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09637489409166156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Inhibitory Effects of Tunisian Marine Algal Extracts on Digestive Lipases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 151:71-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hong YJ, Turowski M, Lin JT, Yokoyama WH. Simultaneous characterization of bile acid, sterols, and determination of acylglycerides in feces from soluble cellulose-fed hamsters using HPLC with evaporative light-scattering detection and APCI-MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:9750-9757. [PMID: 17979236 DOI: 10.1021/jf071798+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The rapid rise in obesity-related diseases has increased interest in oral and dietary agents that disrupt fat metabolism, resulting in the excretion of dietary lipids in the feces. In this study, a rapid and convenient liquid chromatography method to comprehensively analyze fecal lipids in a single injection was developed. An evaporative light-scattering detector (ELSD) for routine analysis or atmosphere pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry [(+)APCI-MS/MS] for structural confirmation and peak purity was used. The method was applied to characterize lipid components of feces from hamsters fed high-fat diets with either 5% microcrystalline cellulose or 5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) fibers, to test the effect of HPMC on lipid metabolism. HPMC is a nonfermentable, soluble cellulose fiber. The fecal lipid components identified using this method includes two secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, and neutral sterols including cholesterol, coprostanol, stigmastanol, and sitosterol. The profile of fecal lipid components was compared between two groups. It was found that the bile acid excretion was increased 2-fold in HPMC-fed hamsters. More interestingly, diacylglycerides and triacylglycerides were detected in feces from hamsters on HPMC-included high-fat diets. We believe that this is the first report of excretion of acylglycerides following neutral soluble fiber feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jeong Hong
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, USA.
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31
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Won SR, Kim SK, Kim YM, Lee PH, Ryu JH, Kim JW, Rhee HI. Licochalcone A: A lipase inhibitor from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Food Res Int 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Cherif S, Fendri A, Miled N, Trabelsi H, Mejdoub H, Gargouri Y. Crab digestive lipase acting at high temperature: Purification and biochemical characterization. Biochimie 2007; 89:1012-8. [PMID: 17395356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, recovery and characterization of enzymes from fish and aquatic invertebrates have taken place and this had led to the emergence of some interesting new applications of these enzymes. However, much less is known about lipases from crustaceans. A lipolytic activity was located in the crab digestive glands (hepatopancreas), from which a crab digestive lipase (CDL) was purified. Pure CDL has a molecular mass of 65kDa as determined by SDS/PAGE analysis. Unlike known digestive lipases, CDL displayed its maximal activity on long and short-chain triacylglycerols at a temperature of 60 degrees C. A specific activity of 500U/mg or 130U/mg was obtained with TC(4) or olive oil as substrate, respectively. Only 10% of the maximal activity was detected at 37 degrees C. The enzyme retained 80% of its maximal activity when incubated during 10 min at 60 degrees C, and was completely inactivated at a temperature higher than 65 degrees C. Interestingly, neither colipase, nor bile salts were detected in the crab hepatopancreas. Which suggests that colipase evolved in invertebrates simultaneously with the appearance of an exocrine pancreas and a true liver which produce bile salts. No similarity between the 13 N-terminal amino acid residues of CDL was found with those of known other digestive lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Cherif
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, BPW 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review evaluates current knowledge of the different lipases catalyzing triglyceride lipolysis in the human digestive tract, focusing on their mode of action - information useful for developing strategies to regulate the bioavailability of fatty acid. RECENT FINDINGS Optimal levels of digestive lipases promote efficient triglyceride lipolysis in healthy humans. Management of fatty acid bioavailability during pancreatic insufficiencies, however, requires enzyme replacement therapy. Such therapy entails gastro-protected porcine pancreatic powder, associated with antacid treatment when duodenal pH is too acidic; recently, enteric-coated high-buffered pancrelipase or recombinant gastric lipase have been used. Another promising strategy is to focus on lipid substrate to optimize lipid-water interface properties. Research on obesity treatment focuses on inhibitors. Orlistat is the first inhibitor to be used extensively. Others treatments are in development, including human pancreatic lipase C-terminal, polyphenols, specific proteins and peptides; however, their relevance has not yet been tested in humans. SUMMARY A better knowledge of lipase structure and mode of action will help the development of new natural inhibitors with fewer secondary effects. More intensive research in protein engineering for recombinant lipase production and in clinical nutrition, together with careful evaluation of patients' individual needs is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Armand
- INSERM, U476 'Nutrition Humaine et Lipides', INRA, UMR1260, Université Méditerranée Aix-Marseille 2, Faculté de Médecine, IPHM-IFR 125, Marseille, France.
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34
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Tsujita T, Takaichi H, Takaku T, Aoyama S, Hiraki J. Antiobesity action of ɛ-polylysine, a potent inhibitor of pancreatic lipase. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:1852-8. [PMID: 16723640 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600168-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro, -polylysine (EPL) strongly inhibited the hydrolysis of trioleoylglycerol emulsified with phosphatidylcholine (PC) and taurocholate by either pancreatic lipase or carboxylester lipase. The EPL concentration required for 50% inhibition of pancreatic lipase, 0.12 microM, was eight times lower than the concentration of orlistat required for the same effect. The 50% inhibition concentration by EPL was affected by emulsifier species: it was increased approximately 150 times, 70 times, and 230 times on gum arabic, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid emulsion, respectively, compared with PC emulsion. The 50% inhibition concentration by orlistat was little changed by emulsifier species. Gel-filtration experiments suggested that EPL did not bind strongly to pancreatic lipase, whereas orlistat did. To test the effect of EPL on obesity, mice were fed a high-fat diet containing 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4% EPL. EPL prevented the high-fat diet-induced increase in body weight and weight of the liver and visceral adipose tissues (epididymal and retroperitoneal). EPL also decreased plasma triacylglycerol and plasma cholesterol concentrations and liver triacylglycerol content after they had been increased by the high-fat diet. The fecal weights of mice were increased by the high-fat diet containing EPL compared with the high-fat diet alone. Fecal lipid was also increased by the diet containing EPL. These data clearly show that EPL has an antiobesity function in mice fed a high-fat diet that acts by inhibiting intestinal absorption of dietary fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tsujita
- Bioscience, Integrated Center for Sciences, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Japan.
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Ali YB, Carrière F, Verger R, Petry S, Muller G, Abousalham A. Continuous monitoring of cholesterol oleate hydrolysis by hormone-sensitive lipase and other cholesterol esterases. J Lipid Res 2005; 46:994-1000. [PMID: 15716583 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m400509-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) contributes importantly to the hydrolysis of cholesteryl ester in steroidogenic tissues, releasing the cholesterol required for adrenal steroidogenesis. HSL has broad substrate specificity, because it hydrolyzes triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, and cholesteryl esters. In this study, we developed a specific cholesterol esterase assay using cholesterol oleate (CO) dispersed in phosphatidylcholine and gum arabic by sonication. To continuously monitor the hydrolysis of CO by HSL, we used the pH-stat technique. For the sake of comparison, the hydrolysis of CO dispersion was also tested using other cholesteryl ester-hydrolyzing enzymes. The specific activities measured on CO were found to be 18, 100, 27, and 3 micromol/min/mg for HSL, cholesterol esterase from Pseudomonas species, Candida rugosa lipase-3, and cholesterol esterase from bovine pancreas, respectively. The activity of HSL on CO is approximately 4- to 5-fold higher than on long-chain TAGs. In contrast, with all other enzymes tested, the rates of TAG hydrolysis were higher than those of CO hydrolysis. The relatively higher turnover of HSL on CO observed in vitro adds further molecular insight on the physiological importance of HSL in cholesteryl ester catabolism in vivo. Thus, HSL could be considered more as a cholesteryl ester hydrolase than as a TAG lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Ben Ali
- Enzymology at Interfaces and Physiology of Lipolysis, Unité Propre de Recherche 9025, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Slanc P, Doljak B, Mlinaric A, Strukelj B. Screening of wood damaging fungi and macrofungi for inhibitors of pancreatic lipase. Phytother Res 2004; 18:758-62. [PMID: 15478199 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A total of 120 methanol and dichloromethane extracts, from 60 species of wood-damaging fungi and 50 methanol/water extracts from macrofungi were screened for inhibition of pancreatic lipase using the chromogenic substrate p-nitrophenylpalmitate. Of the extracts screened, those from Laetiporus sulphureus, Tylopilus felleus and Hygrocybe conica exhibited the highest lipase inhibitory activities of 83% +/- 5%, 96% +/- 3% and 97% +/- 5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Slanc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000, Slovenia.
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O'Connor C, Sun D, Smith B, Melton L. The Inhibitory Effects of Brans and Their Aqueous Extracts on the Lipolysis of Tributyrin Catalyzed by Calf Pregastric Lipase. J Food Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb12336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yamamoto M, Shimura S, Itoh Y, Ohsaka T, Egawa M, Inoue S. Anti-obesity effects of lipase inhibitor CT-II, an extract from edible herbs, Nomame Herba, on rats fed a high-fat diet. Int J Obes (Lond) 2000; 24:758-64. [PMID: 10878683 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effects of CT-II, extract of Nomame Herba, on lipase activity in vitro and on obesity in rats fed a high-fat diet in vivo. DESIGN The assay for the inhibitory effect of CT-II on lipase activity was performed by measuring released free fatty acids after the incubation of the medium with CT-II, porcine pancreatic lipase and triolein (experiment 1). In vivo experiments, lean rats or obese rats (570-718 g) were fed a high-fat diet containing 60% fat with or without CT-II for 8 weeks (experiment 2), for 14 days (experiment 3) or for 12 weeks (experiment 4), respectively. MEASUREMENT The time course of body weight, food intake, organ weight (parametrial fat, liver, heart and kidney) and plasma parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose, AST, ALT and insulin), fecal output of total fat and total cholesterol were measured. Hepatic histological examinations were also performed. RESULTS CT-II inhibited the porcine lipase activity dose-dependently in vitro (experiment 1). Body and liver weight were reduced and hepatic histological examination showed an amelioration of fatty liver in CT II treated animals (experiment 2). CT-II significantly inhibited body weight gain and plasma triglyceride elevation in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting food intake in lean rats fed the high-fat diet. Elevated plasma AST and ALT were also decreased (experiment 3). When obese rats fed the high-fat diet were treated with CT-II for up to 6 months, body weight was initially reduced and thereafter weight gain was significantly suppressed. Total body fat was also significantly reduced and significant reduction of plasma AST and ALT was observed (experiment 4). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that the lipase inhibitor CT-II is effective in preventing and ameliorating obesity, fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia in rats fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, Lotte Co. Ltd, 3-1-1 Numakage, Urawa-shi, Saitama, Japan
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40
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Abstract
Turkey pancreatic lipase (TPL) was purified from delipidated pancreases. Pure TPL (glycerol ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was obtained after ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sepharose) and size exclusion column using high performance liquid chromatography system (HPLC). The pure lipase, which is not a glycoprotein, was presented as a monomer having a molecular mass of about 45 kDa. The lipase activity was maximal at pH 8.5 and 37 degrees C. TPL hydrolyses the long chains triacylglycerols more efficiently than the short ones. A specific activity of 4300 U/mg was measured on triolein as substrate at 37 degrees C and at pH 8.5 in the presence of colipase and 4 mM NaTDC. This enzyme presents the interfacial activation when using tripropionin as substrate. TPL was inactivated when the enzyme was incubated at 65 degrees C or at pH less than 5. Natural detergent (NaTDC), synthetic detergent (Tween-20) or amphipatic protein (beta-lactoglobulin A) act as potent inhibitors of TPL activity. To restore the lipase activity inhibited by NaTDC, colipase should be added to the hydrolysis system. When lipase is inhibited by synthetic detergent or protein, simultaneous addition of colipase and NaTDC was required to restore the TPL activity. The first 22 N-terminal amino acid residues were sequenced. This sequence was similar to those of mammal's pancreatic lipases. The biochemical properties of pancreatic lipase isolated from bird are similar to those of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sayari
- Laboratoire de lipolyse enzymatique, ENIS, BPW 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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Castello P, Potus J, Baret JL, Nicolas J. Effects of Mixing Conditions and Wheat Flour Dough Composition on Lipid Hydrolysis and Oxidation Levels in the Presence of Exogenous Lipase. Cereal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem.1999.76.4.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Castello
- Chaire de Biochimie Industrielle et Agro-alimentaire, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 Rue Saint-Martin, 75141 Paris Cedex 03, France
- Moulins Soufflet, Quai Sarrail BP 12, 10400 Nogent-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jacques Potus
- Chaire de Biochimie Industrielle et Agro-alimentaire, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 Rue Saint-Martin, 75141 Paris Cedex 03, France
| | - Jean-Luc Baret
- J. Soufflet S.A., Quai Sarrail BP 12, 10400 Nogent-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jacques Nicolas
- Chaire de Biochimie Industrielle et Agro-alimentaire, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 292 Rue Saint-Martin, 75141 Paris Cedex 03, France
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Abstract
The possible presence of an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was screened in 54 marine algae. An active inhibitor, caulerpenyne, was purified from an extract of Caulerpa taxifolia, using ethyl acetate extraction, followed by successive chromatographies on ODS and silica gel columns. The purified inhibitor was identified by thin-layer chromatography, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Caulerpenyne competitively inhibited lipase activities using emulsified triolein and dispersed 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MU oleate) as substrates. The concentrations producing 50% inhibition against triolein and 4-MU oleate hydrolysis were 2 mM and 13 microM, respectively. In vivo, oral administration of corn oil with or without caulerpenyne to rats demonstrated a reduced and delayed peak plasma triacylglycerol concentration with caulerpenyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bitou
- Marine Greens Laboratory Co., Ltd., Iyo-city, Ehime, Japan
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Prost J, Belleville J, Fustier-Bertrand V. Digestion and absorption rates of [3H]-oleic acid and [14C]-triolein do not differ in rats fed heated (-) and (+) gossypol cottonseed and soybean flours. J Nutr 1998; 128:2001-8. [PMID: 9808656 DOI: 10.1093/jn/128.11.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare in vivo the acute effects of heated (+) and (-) gossypol cottonseed flours with those of soybean flour on lipid digestion and absorption in growing rats. Rats were fed by gastric intubation mixed [3H]-oleic acid and [14C]-triolein with heated flours or without flour (control). Lipid digestion and absorption were determined for 6 h after meal intubation. Both radioactivities recovered in gastrointestinal tract were significantly higher in rats fed (+) gossypol cottonseed flour than in all other groups. The majority of both recovered radioactivities was found in stomach contents, then in stomach wall and finally in intestinal wall. The distribution of both radioactivities at different gastrointestinal levels was similar. In stomach contents and wall, [14C]-radioactivity was primarily in triacylglycerols, but was also recovered in free fatty acids and diacylglycerols. In intestinal wall (mucosa + tunica) [3H]-radioactivity was found at greatest levels in free fatty acids, then in triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols. Greatest [14C]-radioactivity was found in triacylglycerols, then in free fatty acids, in diacylglycerols and last in phospholipids in rats fed the three flours. Therefore no quantitative differences in lipid digestion and absorption were observed among the rats fed the three flours. In conclusion, both cottonseed flours slowed lipid digestion and absorption compared with soybean flour and this delay was greater in the rats fed (+) gossypol cottonseed flour than in those fed (-) gossypol cottonseed flour. However, this inhibiting effect was probably too low to induce physiologically important effects on lipid digestion or absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prost
- Unité de Nutrition Cellulaire et Métabolique, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, 21011 Dijon Cedex-France
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44
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Gargouri Y, Ransac S, Verger R. Covalent inhibition of digestive lipases: an in vitro study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1997; 1344:6-37. [PMID: 9022752 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2760(97)81102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Tunisia
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Bertrand V, Prost J, Belleville J. In vitro rat pancreatic digestive enzyme activities and raw and heated glandless cottonseed and soybean flours. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1995; 46:39-45. [PMID: 7536115 DOI: 10.3109/09637489509003384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Higher nitrogen and lipid digestibilities have been obtained with diets containing cottonseed flour rather than soybean flour. To explain these results, in vitro studies were carried out to compare the effects of raw and heated glandless (without gossypol) cottonseed flours versus soybean flours on pancreatic digestive enzyme activities. These effects were compared with those obtained without addition of flour in standard assays. Apparent lipase (lipase colipase dependent) and potential lipase (lipase with saturating amounts of colipase), colipase, phospholipase A2, amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were measured on specific substrates. Phospholipase A2 and amylase activities were enhanced, while chymotrypsin activity was diminished with both raw and heated flours. Compared with raw and heated soybean flours, raw and heated cottonseed flours promoted higher potential lipase, chymotrypsin, trypsin and lipase activities. Heat treatment of cottonseed flour enhanced apparent lipase, colipase, chymotrypsin, trypsin activities and diminished potential lipase, phospholipase A2 and amylase activities. When soybean flour was heated, apparent lipase, phospholipase A2, chymotrypsin, trypsin and amylase activities were raised while those of potential lipase were decreased. Our findings show that in vitro raw or heated cottonseed flours affect less digestive enzymes than raw or heated soybean flours, apparent lipase activity excepted. Moreover, only chymotrypsin activities were seriously lowered with both flours, especially with raw soybean flour. Hypotheses are suggested to account for the differences in alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bertrand
- Faculté des Sciences Grossetti, Corte, France
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Khalifa F, Prost J, Belleville J, Sarda L. Pancreatic digestive hydrolase activities in growing rats fed alternately on raw and heated soya-bean flour. Br J Nutr 1994; 72:533-44. [PMID: 7986785 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19940057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The time-course effects of two diets containing raw (RSF) or heated (HSF) soya-bean flour on the digestive enzyme levels in the pancreas and in pancreatic juice were investigated in growing rats fed, alternately, on RSF or HSF diets for two 4-week periods. These values were compared with those obtained in a control group fed on a casein diet. RSF and HSF diets lowered N balance (84.8 (SE 0.9), 82.6 (SE 0.8) and 79.9 (SE 0.8)% with control, HSF and RSF diets respectively, at the third week). However, they increased protease activities compared with the control diet (3-fold for trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) activities in pancreas contents and outputs with the RSF diet; 2-fold for trypsin in pancreas contents and outputs and by 60% for chymotrypsin contents with the HSF diet). The poorer nutritional N utilization might be attributable to soya-bean flour heat-stable (lectins) and heat-labile components (trypsin inhibitors). The decrease in lipid apparent digestibilities in RSF and HSF diets (97.0 (SE 0.8), 91.1 (SE 0.9) and 90.4 (SE 0.7)% with control, RSF and HSF diets at the seventh week) were correlated with a diminution in apparent lipase (EC 3.1.1.3; measured without addition of exogenous colipase), potential lipase (measured with addition of saturated amounts of exogenous colipase) and colipase activities. Compared with control values, gains in potential and apparent lipase outputs were diminished by nearly 40% and gain in colipase outputs by 60% with RSF and HSF diets. These results show clearly that heated or raw soya-bean flours have a significant inhibitory effect on lipase digestive enzyme activities in the pancreas and in its secretion, which might explain impaired lipid digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Khalifa
- Université de Bourgogne, Unité de Nutrition Cellulaire et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, Dijon, France
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Khalifa F, Bertrand V, Belleville J, Sarda L, Prost J. Short term effect of feeding raw or heated soya flour and casein meals on lipid intestinal digestion and absorption in rat. J Nutr Biochem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0955-2863(92)90044-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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48
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Proteinaceous Inhibitors of Lipase Activities in Soybean and Other Oil Seeds. MODERN METHODS OF PLANT ANALYSIS 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-01639-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Piéroni G, Gargouri Y, Sarda L, Verger R. Interactions of lipases with lipid monolayers. Facts and questions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 1990; 32:341-78. [PMID: 2222904 DOI: 10.1016/0001-8686(90)80023-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the proteins, lipolytic enzymes provide a valuable model for studying protein-lipid interactions. Lipases having a catalytic action which is strictly dependent upon the presence of a lipid interface were used in the present study in order to gain better insight into protein-lipid interactions. Most of the data presented here were obtained using the monolayer technique, by recording (either independently or simultaneously) the lipolytic activity, the amount of protein adsorbed to the lipid monolayer, and the surface pressure variations following protein adsorption. Several non-enzymatic proteins were used as controls in order to determine how lipase behaviour differs from that of other proteins. At all initial surface pressures tested, with zwitterionic monolayers, a good correlation was observed between the amount of lipase bound to the monolayer and the surface pressure increase, in agreement with previous studies. Conversely, with neutral lipid monolayers the amount of lipase bound to the monolayer was not found to be surface pressure dependent. This latter behaviour observed with lipases on neutral films is not specific to lipases, since it was also observed with bovine serum albumin and beta-lactoglobulin A. Lipase activity in the presence of various proteins was investigated with monomolecular films of glycerol didecanoate, either at constant surface area or at constant surface pressure. Depending upon the nature of the lipase and the protein, inhibition of lipase activity was either observed or not. Inhibition was correlated with a decrease in lipase surface concentration. The ability of the various proteins to inhibit lipolysis is: (i) a function of their excess versus lipase in the bulk phase, and: (ii) correlated with their penetration capacity (i.e., the initial rate of surface pressure increase of a glycerol didecanoate monolayer having an initial surface pressure of 20 dyn/cm, after the injection-of the protein). Since lipase inhibition was observed with low surface densities of inhibitory proteins, a long-range effect is probably involved in the mechanism of interfacial lipase inhibition. The nature of the ionic charge added to the monolayer by the protein is not critical for determining lipase adsorption or desorption. It is hypothesized that the lack of lipase adsorption to, or desorption from, the lipid monolayer results from a change in the organization of the hydrocarbon moiety of the lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Piéroni
- Centre de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, CNRS, Marseille, France
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50
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Gargouri Y, Moreau H, Verger R. Gastric lipases: biochemical and physiological studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1989; 1006:255-71. [PMID: 2688745 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(89)90012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Gargouri
- Centre de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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