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Kovac V, Shapiro EG, Rudser KD, Mueller BA, Eisengart JB, Delaney KA, Ahmed A, King KE, Yund BD, Cowan MJ, Raiman J, Mamak EG, Harmatz PR, Shankar SP, Ali N, Cagle SR, Wozniak JR, Lim KO, Orchard PJ, Whitley CB, Nestrasil I. Quantitative brain MRI morphology in severe and attenuated forms of mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:122-132. [PMID: 35012890 PMCID: PMC8898074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess our hypothesis that brain macrostructure is different in individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) and healthy controls (HC), we conducted a comprehensive multicenter study using a uniform quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) protocol, with analyses that account for the effects of disease phenotype, age, and cognition. METHODS Brain MRIs in 23 individuals with attenuated (MPS IA) and 38 with severe MPS I (MPS IH), aged 4-25 years, enrolled under the study protocol NCT01870375, were compared to 98 healthy controls. RESULTS Cortical and subcortical gray matter, white matter, corpus callosum, ventricular and choroid plexus volumes in MPS I significantly differed from HC. Thicker cortex, lower white matter and corpus callosum volumes were already present at the youngest MPS I participants aged 4-5 years. Age-related differences were observed in both MPS I groups, but most markedly in MPS IH, particularly in cortical gray matter metrics. IQ scores were inversely associated with ventricular volume in both MPS I groups and were positively associated with cortical thickness only in MPS IA. CONCLUSIONS Quantitatively-derived MRI measures distinguished MPS I participants from HC as well as severe from attenuated forms. Age-related neurodevelopmental trajectories in both MPS I forms differed from HC. The extent to which brain structure is altered by disease, potentially spared by treatment, and how it relates to neurocognitive dysfunction needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kovac
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Elsa G Shapiro
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Kyle D Rudser
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Bryon A Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Julie B Eisengart
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Kathleen A Delaney
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Alia Ahmed
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Kelly E King
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Brianna D Yund
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Morton J Cowan
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Julian Raiman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Eva G Mamak
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Paul R Harmatz
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Suma P Shankar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nadia Ali
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | | | - Jeffrey R Wozniak
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Chester B Whitley
- Gene Therapy Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Igor Nestrasil
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Siegel DA, Walkley SU. Growth of ectopic dendrites on cortical pyramidal neurons in neuronal storage diseases correlates with abnormal accumulation of GM2 ganglioside. J Neurochem 1994; 62:1852-62. [PMID: 8158134 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62051852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Ganglioside analysis and quantitative Golgi studies of the cerebral cortex of cats with ganglioside and nonganglioside lysosomal storage diseases reveal a correlation between the amount of accumulated GM2 ganglioside and the extent of ectopic dendrite growth on cortical pyramidal neurons. This correlation was not observed with any of the other gangliosides assayed for, including GM1 ganglioside. These results suggest a specific role for GM2 ganglioside in the initiation of ectopic neurites on pyramidal cells in vivo and are consistent with the developing hypothesis that different gangliosides have specific roles in different cell types dependent upon the receptor or other effector molecules with which they may interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Siegel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research in Mental Retardation and Human Development, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
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Resnick JM, Whitley CB, Leonard AS, Krivit W, Snover DC. Light and electron microscopic features of the liver in mucopolysaccharidosis. Hum Pathol 1994; 25:276-86. [PMID: 8150458 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(94)90200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) diseases lead to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycan in many tissues. In this study 19 MPS I, one MPS II, five MPS III, and two MPS VI patients underwent liver biopsy for light and electron microscopic examination. Electron microscopy was performed for all 27 specimens. Twenty-six specimens were studied by light microscopy, and the slides were stained with colloidal iron and alcian blue in 26 and six biopsy specimens, respectively. By hematoxylin-eosin stain 20 of 26 cases showed hepatocellular dilatation with rarefaction of the cytoplasm; the Kupffer cells were unremarkable. Twenty-four and 25 of the 26 biopsy specimens showed substantial colloidal iron staining of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, respectively. The six biopsy specimens prepared with alcian blue stain showed no reactivity of any cell type. Electron microscopy revealed characteristic membrane-bound inclusions within the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells of all 27 biopsy specimens. Of 19 cases in which Ito cells were identified, 18 included cells containing similar inclusions. Twenty of 27 biopsy specimens also demonstrated the hepatocellular accumulation of lipid droplets. Although there were no absolute distinguishing features among the various MPS diseases, the two MPS VI cases showed glycosaminoglycan inclusions that were fewer in number, smaller, and contained more abundant lipofusion than those associated with the other MPS types.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Resnick
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota Hospitals and Clinics, Minneapolis 55455
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Afifi AK, Sato Y, Waziri MH, Bell WE. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in Hurler's disease. J Child Neurol 1990; 5:235-41. [PMID: 2118924 DOI: 10.1177/088307389000500318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain in five patients with Hurler's disease are described and compared to the few available reports in the literature. Computed tomographic scans revealed low attenuation areas in the centrum semiovale and peritrigonal white matter. Ventriculomegaly was not a prominent feature in our patients, compared to those previously reported. In two patients, CT were normal. The most prominent magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were the presence of radially oriented cystic areas in the centrum semiovale, peritrigonal white matter, corpus callosum, and pericallosal region. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were present in all patients, even when CT scans were normal. Abnormalities on CT and MRI scans tended to be more prevalent in the posterior regions. Magnetic resonance imaging proved to be a more reliable imaging method in Hurler's disease. T1-weighted images delineated the cystic areas more clearly, whereas T2-weighted images were more sensitive in detecting small white-matter abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities correlated well with known neuropathologic alteration in this disease. It is suggested that the cystic areas seen on MRI correspond to perivascular lacunae seen in histopathologic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Afifi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
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Oda H, Sasaki Y, Nakatani Y, Maesaka H, Suwa S. Hunter's syndrome. An ultrastructural study of an autopsy case. ACTA PATHOLOGICA JAPONICA 1988; 38:1175-90. [PMID: 2853931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1988.tb02390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An autopsy case of a 10-year, 8-month-old boy with Hunter's syndrome is reported with emphasis on the ultrastructural findings of almost all the organs, except the brain. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in various organs as follows: nerve cells and glia in the spinal cord, hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the liver, sinusoidal endothelium of the spleen, proximal tubules, podocytes and epithelium of Bowman's capsule of the kidney, interstitial fibroblast-like cells among cardiac muscle bundles, cardiac valves and aorta, exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas, adrenocortical cells, follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Leydig cells of the testis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and endothelium of capillaries throughout the body. Three types of inclusion bodies were morphologically distinguishable. Type 1: clear vacuole, Type 2: zebra body, Type 3: clear vacuole with a lipid-like lamellar structure. The clear vacuole (Type 1) was thought to represent an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, and the zebra body (Type 2), probably ganglioside. The type 3 inclusion body might be an intermediate and mixed form of the type 1 and type 2 inclusions. Histochemical study also suggested that the type 3 inclusion body contained glycosaminoglycan and a type of lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Oda
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Shull RM, Hastings NE, Selcer RR, Jones JB, Smith JR, Cullen WC, Constantopoulos G. Bone marrow transplantation in canine mucopolysaccharidosis I. Effects within the central nervous system. J Clin Invest 1987; 79:435-43. [PMID: 3100576 PMCID: PMC424094 DOI: 10.1172/jci112830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Five dogs with mucopolysaccharidosis I, a model of human Hurler/Scheie syndrome, were transplanted with marrow from phenotypically normal littermates at 5 mo of age. At 3 and 9 mo posttransplantation, biopsies of cerebral cortex, liver, and cerebrospinal fluid were obtained. The alpha-L-iduronidase levels in these tissues were 0.8-7.4, 26-45, and 6.3-14.9% of the paired donor tissues, respectively. Although iduronidase was present in relatively low levels in the recipients' brains and cerebrospinal fluid at both biopsy times, reduction in brain glycosaminoglycan (GAG) was comparable to that observed in liver. Ultrastructural studies of cells within the transplanted dogs' brains showed less lysosomal distension and storage product than in affected, nontransplanted, littermate controls. The most marked clearing of stored GAG was in cells surrounding blood vessels, but decreased lysosomal storage in neurons and glial cells was also observed. Urinary GAG excretion also decreased to near normal levels by 5 mo posttransplantation.
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Crow J, Gibbs DA, Cozens W, Spellacy E, Watts RW. Biochemical and histopathological studies on patients with mucopolysaccharidoses, two of whom had been treated by fibroblast transplantation. J Clin Pathol 1983; 36:415-30. [PMID: 6403596 PMCID: PMC498237 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.36.4.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical and pathological observations on tissues from two patients with Hurler disease (mucopolysaccharidosis IH; alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency) who had been treated by fibroblast transplants as a means of enzyme replacement treatment are reported. These results and those obtained in three surgical specimens [ligamentum flavum with dura mater from a case of Scheie disease (mucopolysaccharidosis IS; alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency); a fetus with Hurler disease; and tonsil from a patient with Hunter disease (mucopolysaccharidosis II; alpha-L-idurono-2-sulphate sulphatase deficiency)] illustrate the inadequacy of routine histological processing to demonstrate the abnormal glycosaminoglycan accumulation in this group of diseases. A combined approach using histochemistry and electron microscopy enables the extent of both extracellular and intracellular involvement to be assessed. The fetus (20 wk gestation) already showed evidence of Hurler disease. The pathological appearances in both of the fibroblast-transplanted patients were those which would have been expected in patients dying with unmodified Hurler disease. There was no detectable alpha-L-iduronidase activity in the brain, liver, kidney or in fibroblasts cultured from either the transplantation sites or from remote subcutaneous sites in either of the transplanted patients. These results are discussed from the viewpoint of their bearing on the pathophysiology of the mucopolysaccharidoses and proposals for their treatment by enzyme replacement.
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Patterson DF, Haskins ME, Jezyk PF. Models of human genetic disease in domestic animals. ADVANCES IN HUMAN GENETICS 1982; 12:263-339. [PMID: 6751045 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8315-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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9
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Constantopoulos G, Dekaban AS. Neurochemistry of the mucopolysaccharidoses: brain lipids and lysosomal enzymes in patients with four types of mucopolysaccharidosis and in normal controls. J Neurochem 1978; 30:965-73. [PMID: 96217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb12388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Spicer SS, Garvin AJ, Simson JA, Wertelecki V. Cytochemistry of the skin of patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1978; 10:137-50. [PMID: 75871 DOI: 10.1007/bf01003299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of complex carbohydrates has been investigated at the light and electron microscope levels in sweat glands of normal subjects and patients with Hurler's or Hunter's disease. Normal sweat glands examined with a battery of light microscopic histochemical methods revealed sulphated complex carbohydrate in secretory granules of the dark cells. These granules lacked affinity for dialysed iron (DI) at the light and electron microscope levels. The DI method demonstrated acid complex carbohydrates ultrastructurally on the surface of the intercellular canaliculi and central lumen in normal sweat glands. DI-reactive acidic material, presumably of mucopolysaccharide nature, surrounded and extended between collagen bundles in the stroma of normal skin, but was absent from the band which ensheathed the sweat gland and consisted of individual rather than bundled collagen fibrils. DI-reactive mucopolysaccharide lined and partially filled vacuoles of dark cells showing a laminar distribution in vacuoles of clear cells in sweat glands of a Hunter patient. The DI method also visualized mucopolysaccharide distributed throughout vacuoles in fibroblasts of this patient. DI-reactive acid material covered the luminal surface of the sweat gland, coated collagen bundles in the stroma and spared the periglandular collagenous sheath in skin from Hurler and Hunter patients as in that from normal controls. Acid phosphatase was localized ultrastructually in vacuoles and nearby cytoplasm and on plasmalemmae of clear cells, dark cells and myoepithelial cells of sweat glands from Hurler and Hunter patients. Vacuoles of dermal fibroblasts and Schwann cells in these specimens also exhibited strong acid phosphatase activity.
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Jezyk PF, Haskins ME, Patterson DF, Mellman WJ, Greenstein M. Mucopolysaccharidosis in a cat with arylsulfatase B deficiency: a model of Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. Science 1977; 198:834-6. [PMID: 144321 DOI: 10.1126/science.144321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A Siamese cat that presented clinical signs similar to those seen in humans with mucopolysaccharidoses was studied. The animal excreted increased amounts of polymeric glycosaminoglycans in the urine, consisting almost entirely of dermatan sulfate. Electron microscopy of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes revealed the presence of many membrane-bound lamellar inclusion bodies. Sulfate incorporation studies with cultured skin fibroblasts indicated defective glycosaminoglycan degradation. These cells showed a deficiency in arylsulfatase B activity. The disorder appears similar or identical to the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome described in humans.
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12
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Bioulac P, Mercier M, Beylot C, Fontan D. The diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidoses by electron microscopy of skin biopsies. J Cutan Pathol 1975; 2:179-90. [PMID: 172535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1975.tb00161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An ultrastructural examination was carried out on the skin of six children suffering from Mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPSI or Hurler's disease) and MPS II (Hunter's disease). Both intracellular mucopolysaccharides and lipids were observed. The dermal cells, i.e. fibroblasts, macrophages, were loaded with multiple vacuolar inclusions thought to be of lysosomal origin. They appeared either content-free or filled with granular, fuzzy and/or pseudomyelinic structures. Identical abnormalities were observed within the Schwann cells, smooth muscle cells and keratinocytes. Mast cells showed peculiar "worm-like" inclusions apart from their normal granulations. Since ultrastructure of a skin sample may provide as much data as brain, liver or kidney, cutaneous electron microscopy can be recommended to confirm a diagnosis of MPS.
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Doshi R, Sandry SA, Churchill AW, Brownell B. The cerebellum in mucopolysaccharidosis. A histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974; 37:1133-8. [PMID: 4374507 PMCID: PMC494857 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.37.10.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies in the morphology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of the cerebellum, with special reference to the Purkinje cell dendrites, have been undertaken in eight cases of gargoylism. The results suggest that the demonstration of ovoid swellings of the Purkinje cell dendrites by the Cajal method for the cerebellum, together with certain histochemical findings, may enable a diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis to be made. Possible mechanisms for the formation of these swellings are briefly discussed.
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Lyon G, Hors-Cayla MC, Jonsson V, Maroteaux P. [Ultrastructural aspects and biochemical significance of metachromatic granulations and other inclusions in cultured fibroblasts from lipidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis]. J Neurol Sci 1973; 19:235-53. [PMID: 4351452 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(73)90165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Konyar E, Tondeur M, Resibois A. Histochemical demonstration of acid mucopolysaccharides in Sanfilippo's disease: an ultrastructural study of the liver. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. B, CELL PATHOLOGY 1972; 11:224-33. [PMID: 4343847 DOI: 10.1007/bf02889401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cantz M, Chrambach A, Bach G, Neufeld EF. The Hunter Corrective Factor. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(20)81127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Spranger J. The systemic mucopolysaccharidoses. ERGEBNISSE DER INNEREN MEDIZIN UND KINDERHEILKUNDE 1972; 32:165-265. [PMID: 4261654 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-65300-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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19
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Tondeur M, Vamos-Hurwitz E, Mockel-Pohl S, Dereume JP, Cremer N, Loeb H. Clinical, biochemical, and ultrastructural studies in a case of chondrodystrophy presenting the I-cell phenotype in tissue culture. J Pediatr 1971; 79:366-78. [PMID: 4327937 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(71)80143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Di Ferrante N, Nichols BL, Donnelly PV, Neri G, Hrgovcic R, Berglund RK. Induced degradation of glycosaminoglycans in Hurler's and Hunter's syndromes by plasma infusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:303-7. [PMID: 5277074 PMCID: PMC388923 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of the administration of normal human plasma to patients affected by mucopolysaccharidoses I and II (Hurler's and Hunter's syndromes) have been evaluated. The infusion was followed by a decreased urinary excretion of relatively large molecular weight glycosaminoglycans and by an increased excretion of their products of degradation. Among the latter, products of the degradation of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate could be demonstrated. The results indicate that normal human plasma may contain those "factors" that are involved in the normal degradation of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate, that are missing in the diseased states.
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Tondeur M, Vamos-Hurwitz E, Cremer N, Loeb H. Mucopolysaccharidosis in a three months old infant. Clinical and ultrastructural studies. ACTA PAEDIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 1971; 60:98-101. [PMID: 5541865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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22
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Gambetti P, Levine RJ, Grover W, Suzuki K. Accumulation of smooth cisterns, multivesicular bodies and "zebra" bodies in neurons. A case of peculiar storage condition. Acta Neuropathol 1971; 18:132-43. [PMID: 5560816 DOI: 10.1007/bf00687601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Patel V, Tappel AL, O'Brien JS. Hyaluronidase and sulfatase deficiency in Hurler's syndrome. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1970; 3:447-57. [PMID: 5002105 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(70)90037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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