1
|
Jiménez-Morales WA, Cañizares-Macias MDP. Fast FRAP-SIA method to determine antioxidant capacity. Talanta 2024; 273:125813. [PMID: 38461642 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
One of the most used methods to measure antioxidant capacity in food is the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test, which is simple, sensitive, and economical, nevertheless has long analysis times, causing measurement errors due to the instability of the FRAP reagent due to its precipitation sequential injection analysis (SIA) is a flow technique that can correct these disadvantages because it is more quickly. So, a novel FRAP-SIA method was developed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. The system was optimized using a central composite design for hydrodynamic and chemical factors, resulting in a flow rate of 35 μL s-1, and aspirate volumes of 33 μL-38 μL-33 μL for the sequence (FRAP-Antioxidant-FRAP). FRAP reagent was prepared with an HCl solution at 0.005 mol L-1, improving its stability 24 times, concerning when it is in acetate buffer at pH 3.6. The method showed excellent accuracy (RSD <3%) with a LOD of 1.0 μmol L-1 of Trolox for a linear range of 5-120 μmol L-1. The reaction time was diminished by 96% concerning the FRAP-microplate assay (from 30 min to 1.2 min). The method was applied in beverages and extracts, obtaining recovery values ranging from 91.24 to 114.22%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willmann Antonio Jiménez-Morales
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - María Del Pilar Cañizares-Macias
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodríguez-Maese R, Cerdà V, Leal LO. An overview of automated flow systems for total and isotopic analysis of strontium and yttrium in samples of environmental interest. Talanta 2024; 270:125643. [PMID: 38199120 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to the different uses of radioactivity during the last decades, there has been an increase in the concentration of natural and artificial radionuclides in the environment. This, along with some accidents with a high affect public opinion (for example, Chernobyl and Fukushima), have led to the growth and establishment of environmental radioactivity monitoring programs. Currently, trends in legislation and research are focused on the development of accurate, precise, reliable and fast analytical methods with low limits of detection (LOD) for radionuclides determination, such as strontium and yttrium, in environmental samples. In this paper, two comprehensive reviews and four automated analytical systems for total and isotopic determination of yttrium and strontium are presented. The developed methods have been applied in the analysis of environmental samples with low concentrations of these analytes. These methodologies have been automated by exploiting flow analysis techniques, such as multi-syringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA), Sequential injection analysis (SIA) and laboratory-on-valve (LOV) systems, achieving a minimal handling and low consumption of samples and reagents, a significant reduction in waste generation and a high frequency of analysis. In the developed methodologies, some spectrometric methods such as ICP-OES and ICP-MS have been implemented as detection techniques instead of radiometric detectors obtaining a fully automated, low-cost and fast yttrium and strontium determinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Rodríguez-Maese
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chih, C.P. 31136, Mexico
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Sciware Systems, S.L. 07193, Bunyola, Spain.
| | - Luz O Leal
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chih, C.P. 31136, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shahid N. A proficiency assessment of integrating machine learning (ML) schemes on Lahore water ensemble. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5130. [PMID: 36991152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A synthesis of statistical inference and machine learning (ML) tools has been employed to establish a comprehensive insight of a coarse data. Water components' data for 16 central distributing locations of Lahore, the capital of second most populated province of Pakistan, has been analyzed to gauge current water stature of the city. Moreover, a classification of surplus-response variables through tolerance manipulation was incorporated to debrief dimension aspect of the data. By the same token, the influence of supererogatory variables' renouncement through identification of clustering movement of constituents is inquired. The approach of building a spectrum of colluding results through application of comparable methods has been experimented. To test the propriety of each statistical method prior to its execution on a huge data, a faction of ML schemes have been proposed. The supervised learning tools pca, factoran and clusterdata were implemented to establish an elemental character of water at elected locations. A location 'LAH-13' was highlighted for containing an out of normal range Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration in the water. The classification of lower and higher variability parameters carried out by Sample Mean (XBAR) control identified a set of least correlated variables pH, As, Total Coliforms and E. Coli. The analysis provided four locations LAH-06, LAH-10, LAH-13 and LAH-14 for extreme concentration propensity. An execution of factoran demonstrated that specific tolerance of independent variability '0.005' could be employed to reduce dimension of a system without loss of fundamental data information. A higher value of cophenetic coefficient, c = 0.9582 provided the validation for an accurate cluster division of similar characteristics' variables. The current approach of mutually validating ML and SA (statistical analysis) schemes will assist in preparing the groundwork for state of the art analysis (SOTA) analysis. The advantage of our approach can be examined through the fact that the related SOTA will further refine the predictive precision between two comparable methods, unlike the SOTA analysis between two random ML methods. Conclusively, this study featured the locations LAH-03, LAH-06, LAH-12, LAH-13, LAH-14 and LAH-15 with compromised water quality in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Shahid
- Department of Mathematics, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiménez-Morales WA, Cañizares-Macias MDP, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Fast ORAC-SIA method for antioxidant capacity determination in food samples. Food Chem 2022; 384:132524. [PMID: 35245749 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent ORAC-SIA method to determine antioxidant capacity in several food samples using fluorescein as the probe was developed. The optimization of the method was through a multivariable design, decreasing the analysis time to 5 min and the AAPH concentration to 67% compared with 90 min in the standard 96-well microplate method. The aspiration order was AAPH-sample/standard-fluorescein injected into a stream of a water-based carrier. The calculation of the antioxidant capacity was done from the fluoresceine peak heigh, so neither delay time nor area measurement was necessary. The proposed method showed excellent precision (RDS < 3%) with a LOD of 3.13 µmol L-1 and recoveries from 90% to 107%. The results from the ORAC-SIA method did not show a significant difference from the microplate method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willmann Antonio Jiménez-Morales
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - María Del Pilar Cañizares-Macias
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The multiple therapeutic potentials of tetracycline and its worldwide usage have encouraged researchers to develop various methods for its assay in various matrices and for different purposes. In this regard, different analytical techniques have been exploited. Among those techniques is flow injection (FI), which is an extended family of three generations and five versions. The current manuscript reviews the utilization of FI techniques for developing assay methods for tetracycline. The review covers more than forty methods, since the inception of FI techniques and up to date. The review highlights the advantages of the application of FI techniques for quantification of tetracycline in terms of reagent consumption, sample frequency, accuracy, and practitioner safety, besides instrumentation simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The review also addresses applications to several matrices ranging from simple matrices such as standard solutions and pharmaceutical formulations to complex matrices such as biological fluids and food. Prior to the review, a brief background on the principles and developments of FI techniques is illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed D Y Oteef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Souza SO, Ávila DVL, Cerdà V, Araujo RGO. Selenium inorganic speciation in beers using MSFIA-HG-AFS system after multivariate optimization. Food Chem 2021; 367:130673. [PMID: 34352693 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the use of a multisyringe flow injection analysis coupled to hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (MSFIA-HG-AFS) for inorganic selenium chemical speciation was proposed. A Doehlert design was applied to optimize the experimental conditions for hydride generation (NaBH4 and HCl concentrations). The limits of quantification (LoQ) obtained were 0.07 µg L-1, for total inorganic Se, and 0.08 µg L-1, for Se(IV). Accuracy and precision of the proposed analytical method were evaluated through analysis of standard reference material and addition and recovery tests. The optimized method was applied to analyses of eight samples of beer, produced in Spain, obtaining concentrations for Se(IV) (<0.08 - 0.46 ± 0.01 µg L-1), total inorganic Se (0.47 ± 0.01 - 3.04 ± 0.62 µg L-1) and Se(VI) (0.06 ± 0.01 - 3.00 ± 0.59 µg L-1). The proposed analytical method was accurate, precise and sensitivity for determination of selenium species in beer samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidnei O Souza
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Farmácia, Lagarto, Sergipe 49400-000, Brazil
| | - Dayara Virgínia L Ávila
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Victor Cerdà
- Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rennan Geovanny O Araujo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Flieger J, Flieger W, Baj J, Maciejewski R. Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4135. [PMID: 34361329 PMCID: PMC8347950 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts are the source of many antioxidant substances. They have proven useful not only as supplements preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and food additives preventing oxidation but also as system components for the production of metallic nanoparticles by the so-called green synthesis. This is important given the drastically increased demand for nanomaterials in biomedical fields. The source of ecological technology for producing nanoparticles can be plants or microorganisms (yeast, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and bacteria). This review presents recently published research on the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The conditions of biosynthesis and possible mechanisms of nanoparticle formation with the participation of bacteria are presented. The potential of natural extracts for biogenic synthesis depends on the content of reducing substances. The assessment of the antioxidant activity of extracts as multicomponent mixtures is still a challenge for analytical chemistry. There is still no universal test for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC). There are many in vitro chemical tests that quantify the antioxidant scavenging activity of free radicals and their ability to chelate metals and that reduce free radical damage. This paper presents the classification of antioxidants and non-enzymatic methods of testing antioxidant capacity in vitro, with particular emphasis on methods based on nanoparticles. Examples of recent studies on the antioxidant activity of natural extracts obtained from different species such as plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, lichens, actinomycetes were collected, giving evaluation methods, reference antioxidants, and details on the preparation of extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
A brief overview of articles published in this Special Issue of Molecules titled “Modern Flow Analysis” is provided. In addition to cross-sectional and methodological works, there are some reports on new technical and instrumental achievements. It has been shown that all these papers create a good picture of contemporary flow analysis, revealing the most current trends and problems in this branch of flow chemistry.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Rodríguez-Maese R, Ferrer L, Cerdà V, Leal LO. Fully automatic system for lead monitoring in water. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Qiao J. Dynamic Flow Approaches for Automated Radiochemical Analysis in Environmental, Nuclear and Medical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061462. [PMID: 32213999 PMCID: PMC7144463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Automated sample processing techniques are desirable in radiochemical analysis for environmental radioactivity monitoring, nuclear emergency preparedness, nuclear waste characterization and management during operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, as well as medical isotope production, to achieve fast and cost-effective analysis. Dynamic flow based approaches including flow injection (FI), sequential injection (SI), multi-commuted flow injection (MCFI), multi-syringe flow injection (MSFI), multi-pumping flow system (MPFS), lab-on-valve (LOV) and lab-in-syringe (LIS) techniques have been developed and applied to meet the analytical criteria under different situations. Herein an overall review and discussion on these techniques and methodologies developed for radiochemical separation and measurement of various radionuclides is presented. Different designs of flow systems with combinations of radiochemical separation techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), solid phase extraction chromatography (SPEC), ion exchange chromatography (IEC), electrochemically modulated separations (EMS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) separation and online sensing and detection systems, are summarized and reviewed systematically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Calderilla C, Maya F, Leal LO, Cerdà V. Recent advances in flow-based automated solid-phase extraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
14
|
Choengchan N, Poontong B, Mathaweesansurn A, Maneerat N, Motomizu S, Ratanawimarnwong N, Nacapricha D. A "Dual-acceptor Channel" Membraneless Gas-diffusion Unit for Simultaneous Determination of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde in Liquors Using Reverse Flow Injection. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:169-175. [PMID: 29434102 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.34.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new design of membraneless gas-diffusion unit with dual acceptor channels for separation, collection and simultaneous determination of two volatile analytes in liquid sample is presented. The unit is comprised of three parallel channels in a closed module. A sample is aspirated into the central channel and two kinds of reagents are introduced into the other two channels. Two analytes are isolated from the sample matrix by diffusion into head-space and absorbed into the specific reagents. Non-absorbed vapor is released by opening the programmable controlled lid. The unit was applied to liquors for measurement of ethanol and acetaldehyde using reverse flow injection. Dichromate and nitroprusside were exploited as reagents for colorimetric detection of ethanol and acetaldehyde, respectively. Good linearity ranges (r2 >0.99) with high precision (RSD <2%) and high accuracy (recovery: 90 - 105%) were achieved. The results were compared to the results by GC-FID and no significant difference was observed by paired t-test (95% confidence).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathawut Choengchan
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs).,Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
| | - Bangerdsuk Poontong
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs).,Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
| | - Arjnarong Mathaweesansurn
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs).,Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
| | - Noppadol Maneerat
- Department of Control Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
| | | | - Nuanlaor Ratanawimarnwong
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs).,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs).,Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cerdà V, Ferrer L, Portugal LA, de Souza CT, Ferreira SL. Multisyringe flow injection analysis in spectroanalytical techniques – A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
16
|
Ceballos MR, García-Tenorio R, Estela JM, Cerdà V, Ferrer L. An integrated automatic system to evaluate U and Th dynamic lixiviation from solid matrices, and to extract/pre-concentrate leached analytes previous ICP-MS detection. Talanta 2017; 175:507-513. [PMID: 28842025 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Leached fractions of U and Th from different environmental solid matrices were evaluated by an automatic system enabling the on-line lixiviation and extraction/pre-concentration of these two elements previous ICP-MS detection. UTEVA resin was used as selective extraction material. Ten leached fraction, using artificial rainwater (pH 5.4) as leaching agent, and a residual fraction were analyzed for each sample, allowing the study of behavior of U and Th in dynamic lixiviation conditions. Multivariate techniques have been employed for the efficient optimization of the independent variables that affect the lixiviation process. The system reached LODs of 0.1 and 0.7ngkg-1 of U and Th, respectively. The method was satisfactorily validated for three solid matrices, by the analysis of a soil reference material (IAEA-375), a certified sediment reference material (BCR- 320R) and a phosphogypsum reference material (MatControl CSN-CIEMAT 2008). Besides, environmental samples were analyzed, showing a similar behavior, i.e. the content of radionuclides decreases with the successive extractions. In all cases, the accumulative leached fraction of U and Th for different solid matrices studied (soil, sediment and phosphogypsum) were extremely low, up to 0.05% and 0.005% of U and Th, respectively. However, a great variability was observed in terms of mass concentration released, e.g. between 44 and 13,967ngUkg-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Rodas Ceballos
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory (LaboRA), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Sciware Systems, Spin-Off UIB-004, 07193 Bunyola, Spain
| | - Rafael García-Tenorio
- Dpto. Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, ETSA, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - José Manuel Estela
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (LQA(2)), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (LQA(2)), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Ferrer
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory (LaboRA), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Villar M, Borràs A, Avivar J, Vega F, Cerdà V, Ferrer L. Fully Automated System for 99Tc Monitoring in Hospital and Urban Residues: A Simple Approach to Waste Management. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5857-5863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Villar
- Radiopharmacy
Service, Son Espases Hospital, Cra. Valldemossa 79, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Borràs
- Laboratory
of Environmental Radioactivity − LaboRA, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jessica Avivar
- Laboratory
of Environmental Radioactivity − LaboRA, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Fernando Vega
- Radiopharmacy
Service, Son Espases Hospital, Cra. Valldemossa 79, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Laboratory
of Environmental Analytical Chemistry − LQA2, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Ferrer
- Laboratory
of Environmental Radioactivity − LaboRA, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ceballos MR, Borràs A, García-Tenorio R, Rodríguez R, Estela JM, Cerdà V, Ferrer L. 226 Ra dynamic lixiviation from phosphogypsum samples by an automatic flow-through system with integrated renewable solid-phase extraction. Talanta 2017; 167:398-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Abouhiat F, Henríquez C, El Yousfi F, Cerdà V. Sensitive kinetic-catalytic spectrophotometric method for cobalt determination using a chip coupled to a multisyringe flow injection analysis system. Talanta 2017; 166:405-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Mattio E, Robert-Peillard F, Branger C, Puzio K, Margaillan A, Brach-Papa C, Knoery J, Boudenne JL, Coulomb B. 3D-printed flow system for determination of lead in natural waters. Talanta 2017; 168:298-302. [PMID: 28391857 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of 3D printing in recent years opens up a vast array of possibilities in the field of flow analysis. In the present study, a new 3D-printed flow system has been developed for the selective spectrophotometric determination of lead in natural waters. This system was composed of three 3D-printed units (sample treatment, mixing coil and detection) that might have been assembled without any tubing to form a complete flow system. Lead was determined in a two-step procedure. A preconcentration of lead was first carried out on TrisKem Pb Resin located in a 3D-printed column reservoir closed by a tapped screw. This resin showed a high extraction selectivity for lead over many tested potential interfering metals. In a second step, lead was eluted by ammonium oxalate in presence of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR), and spectrophotometrically detected at 520nm. The optimized flow system has exhibited a linear response from 3 to 120µgL-1. Detection limit, coefficient of variation and sampling rate were evaluated at 2.7µgL-1, 5.4% (n=6) and 4 sampleh-1, respectively. This flow system stands out by its fully 3D design, portability and simplicity for low cost analysis of lead in natural waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Mattio
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, UMR 7376, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Kinga Puzio
- University of Toulon, MAPIEM, La Garde, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Coulomb
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, UMR 7376, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Frizzarin RM, Palomino Cabello C, Bauzà MDM, Portugal LA, Maya F, Cerdà V, Estela JM, Turnes Palomino G. Submicrometric Magnetic Nanoporous Carbons Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks Enabling Automated Electromagnet-Assisted Online Solid-Phase Extraction. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6990-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rejane M. Frizzarin
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carlos Palomino Cabello
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria del Mar Bauzà
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lindomar A. Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Fernando Maya
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José M. Estela
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Gemma Turnes Palomino
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghani M, Saraji M, Maya F, Cerdà V. Automated multisyringe stir bar sorptive extraction using robust montmorillonite/epoxy-coated stir bars. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1445:10-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
23
|
MSFIA-LOV system for 226 Ra isolation and pre-concentration from water samples previous radiometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 911:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
Chaparro L, Ferrer L, Leal LO, Cerdà V. Automatic flow analysis method to determine traces of Mn2+ in sea and drinking waters by a kinetic catalytic process using LWCC-spectrophotometric detection. Talanta 2016; 148:583-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
25
|
Abstract
A dynamic development of methodologies of analytical flow injection measurements during four decades since their invention has reinforced the solid position of flow analysis in the arsenal of techniques and instrumentation of contemporary chemical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kamila Kołacińska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ayala Quezada A, Ohara K, Ratanawimarnwong N, Nacapricha D, Murakami H, Teshima N, Sakai T. Stopped-in-loop flow analysis system for successive determination of trace vanadium and iron in drinking water using their catalytic reactions☆. Talanta 2015; 144:844-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Rodríguez R, Avivar J, Ferrer L, Leal LO, Cerdà V. Uranium monitoring tool for rapid analysis of environmental samples based on automated liquid-liquid microextraction. Talanta 2015; 134:674-680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
28
|
Chaparro L, Ferrer L, Leal L, Cerdà V. A multisyringe flow-based system for kinetic–catalytic determination of cobalt(II). Talanta 2015; 133:94-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
González A, Avivar J, Cerdà V. Determination of priority phenolic pollutants exploiting an in-syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-multisyringe chromatography system. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2013-22. [PMID: 25597789 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An automatic phenolic compounds analyzer is presented. The system performs online magnetic-stirring-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction before multisyringe chromatography (MSC) using a monolithic Chromolith Flash RP-18e column. The extraction behavior of the following phenolic pollutants: phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-diclorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, has been studied. A critical comparison of extractants (tributyl phosphate, acetonitrile, hexane, and 1-chlorobutane) and disperser solvents (acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol) was made. Tributyl phosphate and acetonitrile were chosen as the extractant and the disperser solvent, respectively, since these showed the best performance. Phenols were online back-extracted into NaOH and neutralized before multi-isocratic chromatographic separation. The proposed analyzer can be applied for wide linear working ranges, i.e., between 40 and 20,000 μg L(-1). The precision of the developed system has been proved, with maximum values for the intraday and interday precision of 4.4 % and 5.2 %, respectively, expressed as relative standard deviation, and high preconcentration factors (9.3-10.5) for most of the compounds studied. The method developed was successfully applied to natural water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba González
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Acebal CC, Grünhut M, Šrámková I, Chocholouš P, Lista AG, Sklenářová H, Solich P, Band BSF. Application of a fully integrated photodegradation-detection flow-batch analysis system with an on-line preconcentration step for the determination of metsulfuron methyl in water samples. Talanta 2014; 129:233-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Application of flow analysis in determination of selected radionuclides. Talanta 2014; 125:131-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Idris AM. The Second Five Years of Sequential Injection Chromatography: Significant Developments in the Technology and Methodologies. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2014; 44:220-32. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2013.848778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Mola M, Avivar J, Nieto A, Peñalver A, Aguilar C, Ferrer L, Cerdà V, Borrull F. Determination of 90Sr and 210Pb in sludge samples using a LOV-MSFIA system and liquid scintillation counting. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 86:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
34
|
Henríquez C, Horstkotte B, Cerdà V. A highly reproducible solenoid micropump system for the analysis of total inorganic carbon and ammonium using gas-diffusion with conductimetric detection. Talanta 2014; 118:186-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Chávez-Moreno C, Ferrer L, Hinojosa-Reyes L, Hernández-Ramírez A, Cerdà V, Guzmán-Mar J. On-line monitoring of the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D and dicamba using a solid-phase extraction-multisyringe flow injection system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 129:377-383. [PMID: 23994580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A fully automated on-line system for monitoring the photocatalytic degradation of herbicides was developed using multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) coupled to a solid phase extraction (SPE) unit with UV detection. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 100-1000 μg L(-1) for 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) and 500-3000 μg L(-1) for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), while the detection limits were 30 and 135 μg L(-1) for dicamba and 2,4-D, respectively. The monitoring of the photocatalytic degradation (TiO2 anatase/UV 254 nm) of these two herbicides was performed by MSFIA-SPE system using a small sample volume (2 mL) in a fully automated approach. The degradation was assessed in ultrapure and drinking water with initial concentrations of 1000 and 2000 μg L(-1) for dicamba and 2,4-D, respectively. Degradation percentages of approximately 85% were obtained for both herbicides in ultrapure water after 45 min of photocatalytic treatment. A similar degradation efficiency in drinking water was observed for 2,4-D, whereas dicamba exhibited a lower degradation percentage (75%), which could be attributed to the presence of inorganic species in this kind of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmín Chávez-Moreno
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66451, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Horstkotte B, Duarte CM, Cerdà V. Chip-On-Valve Concept: An Integrated Platform for Multisyringe Flow Injection Analysis: Application to Nitrite and Nitrate Determination in Seawater. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.800539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
37
|
Progress and recent advances in phosphate sensors: A review. Talanta 2013; 114:191-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
38
|
Fulmes CS, Bulatov AV, Yasakova OG, Freze EA, Moskvin AN, Dedkov YM, Moskvin LN. Multicommutated Stepwise Injection Analysis as new approach for simultaneous determination of nickel (II), copper (II) and zinc (II) in wet aerosols. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
39
|
Nacapricha D, Sastranurak P, Mantim T, Amornthammarong N, Uraisin K, Boonpanaid C, Chuyprasartwattana C, Wilairat P. Cross injection analysis: Concept and operation for simultaneous injection of sample and reagents in flow analysis. Talanta 2013; 110:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Abouhiat FZ, Henríquez C, Horstkotte B, El Yousfi F, Cerdà V. A miniaturized analyzer for the catalytic determination of iodide in seawater and pharmaceutical samples. Talanta 2013; 108:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
41
|
Fernández M, Forteza R, Cerdá V. Multisyringe Chromatography (MSC): An Effective and Low Cost Tool for Water-Soluble Vitamin Separation. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.693139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
42
|
Noyhouzer T, Mandler D. A New Electrochemical Flow Cell for the Remote Sensing of Heavy Metals. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
43
|
Castilleja-Rivera W, Hinojosa-Reyes L, Guzmán-Mar J, Hernández-Ramírez A, Ruíz-Ruíz E, Cerdà V. Sensitive determination of chromium (VI) in paint samples using a membrane optode coupled to a multisyringe flow injection system. Talanta 2012; 99:730-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
44
|
Computer-controlled fluid-flow chemical analysis (CC-FCA) and its application to environmental analytical chemistry. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-12-02-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Computer-controlled fluid-flow chemical analysis (CC-FCA) was investigated for the determination of trace amounts of toxic pollutants in the environment. For CC-FCA, automated chemical analysis systems were developed by using computer-controllable pumping and valve modules, and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) tubing and connectors. The systems demonstrated in this work were a flow injection-type system, a sequential injection-type system, a mini-column pretreatment system (Auto-Pret system), and an Auto-Pret hyphenated with flow injection analysis (FIA) system. Such systems were fully controlled by a computer program; the lab-made programs were written in Visual Basic. The systems can be hyphenated with some detectors, such as a spectrophotometric detector, an electrochemical detector, electrothermal-atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS), a liquid electrode plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (LEP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-AES. Such systems were successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of toxic pollutants in environmental water samples: they were heavy metal ions (Pb, Cd, Cr, etc.). In this paper, the author aims mainly at investigating the CC-FCA method for the determination of trace amounts of Cr(VI) in environmental water samples by spectrophotometry. The techniques used in this work were FIA, sequential injection analysis (SIA), and Auto-Pret/FIA, which were all computer-controllable. Limits of detection of Cr(VI) by FIA, SIA, and Auto-Pret/FIA were 8 × 10–9 mol/L (0.4 μg/L), 1.1 × 10–8 mol/L (0.6 μg/L), and 1.4 × 10–9 (0.07 μg/L), respectively. The methods were applied to the determination of Cr(VI) in river and drinking waters.
Collapse
|
45
|
Gupta VK, Dobhal R, Nayak A, Agarwal S, Uniyal DP, Singh P, Sharma B, Tyagi S, Singh R. Advanced and Hyphenated Techniques for Nano-Level Analysis of Iron in Water. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.677720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
46
|
Abstract
Flow techniques have undoubtedly aroused special interest in relation to many other automatic methodologies of analysis. Ever since segmented flow analysis (SFA) was developed by Skeggs in 1957, flow techniques have been in continuous evolution toward new develop-ments. There is no solid argument in favor of using any particular flow technique separately; rather, substantial advantages can be derived from their combination. Since flow-based methods are nonseparative tools, the advantages of combining flow techniques with separation techniques are noteworthy. High selectivity can be achieved by coupling them with liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), or capillary electrophoresis (CE). Thus, a detailed description of flow techniques, their evolution, their hyphenation advantages, and a critical comparison between current developed methods exploiting flow techniques aimed at solving present analytical needs are reviewed in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Cerdà
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jessica Avivar
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Amalia Cerdà
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chaparro LL, Ferrer L, Cerdà V, Leal LO. Automated system for on-line determination of dimethylarsinic and inorganic arsenic by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1589-95. [PMID: 22733249 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A multisyringe flow-injection approach has been coupled to hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) with UV photo-oxidation for dimethylarsinic (DMA), inorganic As and total As determination, depending on the pre-treatment given to the sample (extraction or digestion). The implementation of a UV lamp allows on-line photo-oxidation of DMA and the following arsenic detection, whereas a bypass leads the flow directly to the HG-AFS system, performing inorganic arsenic determination. DMA concentration is calculated by the difference of total inorganic arsenic and measurement of the photo-oxidation step. The detection limits for DMA and inorganic arsenic were 0.09 and 0.47 μg L(-1), respectively. The repeatability values accomplished were of 2.4 and 1.8%, whereas the injection frequencies were 24 and 28 injections per hour for DMA and inorganic arsenic, respectively. This method was validated by means of a solid reference material BCR-627 (muscle of tuna) with good agreement with the certified values. Satisfactory results for DMA and inorganic arsenic determination were obtained in several water matrices. The proposed method offers several advantages, such as increasing the sampling frequency, low detection limits and decreasing reagents and sample consumption, which leads to lower waste generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L L Chaparro
- Renewable Energy and Environmental Protection Department, Advanced Materials Research Center (CIMAV), Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Application of quantum dots as analytical tools in automated chemical analysis: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 735:9-22. [PMID: 22713912 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are one of the most relevant developments in the fast-growing world of nanotechnology. Initially proposed as luminescent biological labels, they are finding new important fields of application in analytical chemistry, where their photoluminescent properties have been exploited in environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical and clinical analysis and food quality control. Despite the enormous variety of applications that have been developed, the automation of QDs-based analytical methodologies by resorting to automation tools such as continuous flow analysis and related techniques, which would allow to take advantage of particular features of the nanocrystals such as the versatile surface chemistry and ligand binding ability, the aptitude to generate reactive species, the possibility of encapsulation in different materials while retaining native luminescence providing the means for the implementation of renewable chemosensors or even the utilisation of more drastic and even stability impairing reaction conditions, is hitherto very limited. In this review, we provide insights into the analytical potential of quantum dots focusing on prospects of their utilisation in automated flow-based and flow-related approaches and the future outlook of QDs applications in chemical analysis.
Collapse
|
49
|
Henríquez C, Laglera LM, Alpizar MJ, Calvo J, Arduini F, Cerdà V. Cadmium determination in natural water samples with an automatic multisyringe flow injection system coupled to a flow-through screen printed electrode. Talanta 2012; 96:140-6. [PMID: 22817941 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals, as cadmium, attract a rising attention in environmental studies due to their increasing release by human activities and acute toxicity. In situ analytical methods are needed to minimize current uncertainties caused by the transport and conservation of samples. Here, we present the completely automatic determination of Cd in natural waters using a newly developed screen printed electrode sensor (SPE), inserted in a homemade purpose-built flow cell coupled to a Multi-Syringe Flow Injection Analysis system (MSFIA). The working electrode of SPEs was constituted by a carbon film modified with Nafion. Cd was plated on an in situ bismuth film and determined using Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. Different chemical conditions of deposition and stripping were studied. A sample/acetic buffer mixture was found to be a well suited medium to form the Bi film and perform the analysis. Cd was quantified via calibration by on line standard additions. The limit of detection was found to be 0.79μgL(-1), well below the limit stipulated by the European directive (5μgL(-1)). Good sample throughput (14h(-1)) and low consumption of reagent and sample (1.3mL) were also obtained in line with previous works in Cd flow analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Henríquez
- Dep. Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7, 5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Guzmán-Mar J, Hinojosa-Reyes L, Serra A, Hernández-Ramírez A, Cerdà V. Applicability of multisyringe chromatography coupled to cold-vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry for mercury speciation analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 708:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|