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Madhamanchi K, Madhamanchi P, Jayalakshmi S, Panigrahi M, Patil A, Phanithi PB. Dopamine and Glutamate Crosstalk Worsen the Seizure Outcome in TLE-HS Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4952-4965. [PMID: 37209264 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), accompanied by hippocampal sclerosis (HS), is the most common form of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Nearly 20% of the patients showed seizure recurrence even after surgery, and the reasons are yet to be understood. Dysregulation of neurotransmitters is evident during seizures, which can induce excitotoxicity. The present study focused on understanding the molecular changes associated with Dopamine (DA) and glutamate signaling and their possible impact on the persistence of excitotoxicity and seizure recurrence in patients with drug-resistant TLE-HS who underwent surgery. According to the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) suggested classification for seizure outcomes, the patients (n = 26) were classified as class 1 (no seizures) and class 2 (persistent seizures) using the latest post-surgery follow-up data to understand the prevalent molecular changes in seizure-free and seizure-recurrence patient groups. Our study uses thioflavin T assay, western blot analysis, immunofluorescence assays, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays. We have observed a substantial increase in the DA and glutamate receptors that promote excitotoxicity. Patients who had seizure recurrence showed a significant increase in (pNR2B, p < 0.009; and pGluR1, p < 0.01), protein phosphatase1γ (PP1γ; p < 0.009), protein kinase A (PKAc; p < 0.001) and dopamine-cAMP regulated phospho protein32 (pDARPP32T34; p < 0.009) which are critical for long-term potentiation (LTP), excitotoxicity compared to seizure-free patients and controls. A significant increase in D1R downstream kinases like PKA (p < 0.001), pCAMKII (p < 0.009), and Fyn (p < 0.001) was observed in patient samples compared to controls. Anti-epileptic DA receptor D2R was found to be decreased in ILAE class 2 (p < 0.02) compared to class 1. Since upregulation of DA and glutamate signaling supports LTP and excitotoxicity, we believe it could impact seizure recurrence. Further studies about the impact of DA and glutamate signaling on the distribution of PP1γ at postsynaptic density and synaptic strength could help us understand the seizure microenvironment in patients. Dopamine, Glutamate signal crosstalk. Diagram representing the PP1γ regulation by NMDAR negative feedback inhibition signaling (green circle-left) and D1R signal (red circle-middle) domination over PP1γ though increased PKA, pDARPP32T34, and supports pGluR1, pNR2B in seizure recurrent patients. D1R-D2R hetero dimer activation (red circle-right) increases cellular Ca2+ and pCAMKIIα activation. All these events lead to calcium overload in HS patients and excitotoxicity, particularly in patients experiencing recurrent seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Madhamanchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Pradeep Madhamanchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
- Govt. Degree College for Men's, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, 532001, India
| | - Sita Jayalakshmi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manas Panigrahi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anuja Patil
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prakash Babu Phanithi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India.
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2
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Zangbar HS, Fallahi S, Hosseini L, Ghorbani M, Jafarzadehgharehziaaddin M, Shahabi P. Spinal cord injury leads to more neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of aged male rats compared to young rats. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:1569-1583. [PMID: 37129669 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the disruptive effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) on the hippocampus have been confirmed in some animal studies, no study has investigated its retrograde manifestations in the hippocampus of aged subjects. Herein, we compared the aged rats with young ones 3 weeks after the induction of SCI (Groups: Sham.Young, SCI.Young, Sham.Aged, SCI.Aged). The locomotion, hippocampal apoptosis, hippocampal rhythms (Delta, Theta, Beta, Gamma) max frequency (Max.rf) and power, hippocampal neurogenesis, and hippocampal receptors (NMDA, GABA A, Muscarinic1/M1), which are important in the generation of rhythms and neurogenesis, were compared in aged rats in contrast to young rats. At the end of the third week, the number of apoptotic (Tunel+) cells in the hippocampus (CA1, DG) of SCI animals was significantly higher compared to the sham animals, and also, it was significantly higher in the SCI.Aged group compared to SCI.Young group. Moreover, the rate of neurogenesis (DCX+, BrdU+ cells) and expression of M1 and NMDA receptors were significantly lower in the SCI.Aged group compared to SCI.Young group. The power and Max.fr of all rhythms were significantly lower in SCI groups compared to sham groups. Despite the decrease in the power of rhythms in the SCI.Aged group compared to SCI.Young group, there was no significant difference between them, and in terms of Max.fr index, only the Max.fr of theta and beta rhythms were significantly lower in the SCI.Aged group compared to SCI.Young group. This study showed that SCI could cause more neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of aged animals compared to young animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, East Azarbayjan, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Solmaz Fallahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, East Azarbayjan, 51666-14766, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseini
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Ghorbani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, East Azarbayjan, 51666-14766, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Parviz Shahabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, East Azarbayjan, 51666-14766, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Merdasi PG, Dezfouli RA, Mazaheri S, Haghparast A. Blocking the dopaminergic receptors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus reduced the stress-induced analgesia in persistent inflammatory pain in the rat. Physiol Behav 2022; 253:113848. [PMID: 35597308 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the dentate gyrus (DG) as a component of the hippocampal formation has been well known for its role in memory, various studies showed a diverse population of unique cell types and various inputs and outputs in this region. Besides, brain dopamine is known for its roles in reward, motivation, pleasure, and being involved in the pain process. Further, previous studies demonstrated the participation of DG dopaminergic receptors in antinociception induced by lateral hypothalamus stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the role of DG dopaminergic receptors (D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors) in stress-induced analgesia (SIA) using the formalin test as a persistent inflammatory pain model. One hundred two male Wistar rats were unilaterally implanted with a cannula into the DG. Animals received an intra-DG infusion of SCH23390 (0.25, 1, and 4 μg/rat), or Sulpiride (0.25, 1, and 4 μg/rat) as D1- and D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists, respectively, five min before exposure to forced swim stress (FSS). Ten minutes after FSS termination, 2.5% formalin solution as an inflammatory agent was subcutaneously injected into the plantar surface of the hind paw, and the pain score was quantified for one hour. The findings revealed that exposure to FSS produced SIA, though this FSS-induced analgesia was attenuated in the early and late phase of the formalin test by intra-DG microinjection of SCH23390 or Sulpiride. These results suggested that both D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors in the DG have a considerable role in analgesia induced by FSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooriya Ghanbari Merdasi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Abdi Dezfouli
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Mazaheri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
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Myslivecek J. Dopamine and Dopamine-Related Ligands Can Bind Not Only to Dopamine Receptors. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050606. [PMID: 35629274 PMCID: PMC9147915 DOI: 10.3390/life12050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is one of the most important neurotransmitter systems in the central nervous system (CNS). It acts mainly by activation of the D1-like receptor family at the target cell. Additionally, fine-tuning of the signal is achieved via pre-synaptic modulation by the D2-like receptor family. Some dopamine drugs (both agonists and antagonists) bind in addition to DRs also to α2-ARs and 5-HT receptors. Unfortunately, these compounds are often considered subtype(s) specific. Thus, it is important to consider the presence of these receptor subtypes in specific CNS areas as the function virtually elicited by one receptor type could be an effect of other—or the co-effect of multiple receptors. However, there are enough molecules with adequate specificity. In this review, we want to give an overview of the most common off-targets for established dopamine receptor ligands. To give an overall picture, we included a discussion on subtype selectivity. Molecules used as antipsychotic drugs are reviewed too. Therefore, we will summarize reported affinities and give an outline of molecules sufficiently specific for one or more subtypes (i.e., for subfamily), the presence of DR, α2-ARs, and 5-HT receptors in CNS areas, which could help avoid ambiguous results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Myslivecek
- Institute of Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 5, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Wang Y, Jin YK, Guo TC, Li ZR, Feng BY, Han JH, Vreugdenhil M, Lu CB. Activation of Dopamine 4 Receptor Subtype Enhances Gamma Oscillations in Hippocampal Slices of Aged Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:838803. [PMID: 35370600 PMCID: PMC8966726 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.838803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Neural network oscillation at gamma frequency band (γ oscillation, 30–80 Hz) is synchronized synaptic potentials important for higher brain processes and altered in normal aging. Recent studies indicate that activation of dopamine 4 receptor (DR4) enhanced hippocampal γ oscillation of young mice and fully recovered the impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity of aged mice, we determined whether this receptor is involved in aging-related modulation of hippocampal γ oscillation. Methods We recorded γ oscillations in the hippocampal CA3 region from young and aged C57bl6 mice and investigated the effects of dopamine and the selective dopamine receptor (DR) agonists on γ oscillation. Results We first found that γ oscillation power (γ power) was reduced in aged mice compared to young mice, which was restored by exogenous application of dopamine (DA). Second, the selective agonists for different D1- and D2-type dopamine receptors increased γ power in young mice but had little or small effect in aged mice. Third, the D4 receptor (D4R) agonist PD168077 caused a large increase of γ power in aged mice but a small increase in young mice, and its effect is blocked by the highly specific D4R antagonist L-745,870 or largely reduced by a NMDAR antagonist. Fourth, D3R agonist had no effect on γ power of either young or aged mice. Conclusion This study reveals DR subtype-mediated hippocampal γ oscillations is aging-related and DR4 activation restores the impaired γ oscillations in aged brain, and suggests that D4R is the potential target for the improvement of cognitive deficits related to the aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yi-Kai Jin
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tie-Cheng Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Rong Li
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bing-Yan Feng
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jin-Hong Han
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Martin Vreugdenhil
- Department of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Martin Vreugdenhil,
| | - Cheng-Biao Lu
- Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Cheng-Biao Lu,
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6
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Role of hippocampal dopamine receptors in the antinociceptive responses induced by chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in animal model of acute pain. Brain Res 2020; 1734:146759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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D1- but not D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist in the CA1 region of the hippocampus reduced stress-induced reinstatement in extinguished morphine-conditioning place preference in the food-deprived rats. Behav Pharmacol 2020; 31:196-206. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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de Oliveira PG, Ramos MLS, Amaro AJ, Dias RA, Vieira SI. G i/o-Protein Coupled Receptors in the Aging Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:89. [PMID: 31105551 PMCID: PMC6492497 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells translate extracellular signals to regulate processes such as differentiation, metabolism and proliferation, via transmembranar receptors. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest family of transmembrane receptors, with over 800 members in the human species. Given the variety of key physiological functions regulated by GPCRs, these are main targets of existing drugs. During normal aging, alterations in the expression and activity of GPCRs have been observed. The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly affected by these alterations, which results in decreased brain functions, impaired neuroregeneration, and increased vulnerability to neuropathologies, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson diseases. GPCRs signal via heterotrimeric G proteins, such as Go, the most abundant heterotrimeric G protein in CNS. We here review age-induced effects of GPCR signaling via the Gi/o subfamily at the CNS. During the aging process, a reduction in protein density is observed for almost half of the Gi/o-coupled GPCRs, particularly in age-vulnerable regions such as the frontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum. Gi/o levels also tend to decrease with aging, particularly in regions such as the frontal cortex. Alterations in the expression and activity of GPCRs and coupled G proteins result from altered proteostasis, peroxidation of membranar lipids and age-associated neuronal degeneration and death, and have impact on aging hallmarks and age-related neuropathologies. Further, due to oligomerization of GPCRs at the membrane and their cooperative signaling, down-regulation of a specific Gi/o-coupled GPCR may affect signaling and drug targeting of other types/subtypes of GPCRs with which it dimerizes. Gi/o-coupled GPCRs receptorsomes are thus the focus of more effective therapeutic drugs aiming to prevent or revert the decline in brain functions and increased risk of neuropathologies at advanced ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia G de Oliveira
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and The Discovery CTR, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta L S Ramos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and The Discovery CTR, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António J Amaro
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Roberto A Dias
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and The Discovery CTR, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Vieira
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and The Discovery CTR, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Comparison of the Role of D1- and D2-Like Receptors in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus in the Reinstatement Induced by a Subthreshold Dose of Morphine and Forced Swim Stress in Extinguished Morphine-CPP in Rats. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2092-2101. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Curiosity in old age: A possible key to achieving adaptive aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 88:106-116. [PMID: 29545165 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Curiosity is a fundamental part of human motivation that supports a variety of human intellectual behaviors ranging from early learning in children to scientific discovery. However, there has been little attention paid to the role of curiosity in aging populations. By bringing together broad but sparse neuroscientific and psychological literature on curiosity and related concepts (e.g., novelty seeking in older adults), we propose that curiosity, although it declines with age, plays an important role in maintaining cognitive function, mental health, and physical health in older adults. We identify the dopaminergic reward system and the noradrenergic system as the key brain systems implicated in curiosity processing and discuss how these brain systems contribute to the relationship between curiosity and adaptive aging.
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11
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Edelmann E, Lessmann V. Dopaminergic innervation and modulation of hippocampal networks. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:711-727. [PMID: 29470647 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The catecholamine dopamine plays an important role in hippocampus-dependent plasticity and related learning and memory processes. Dopamine secretion in the hippocampus is activated by, e.g., salient or novel stimuli, thereby helping to establish and to stabilize hippocampus-dependent memories. Disturbed dopaminergic function in the hippocampus leads to severe pathophysiological conditions. While the role and importance of dopaminergic modulation of hippocampal networks have been unequivocally proven, there is still a lack of detailed molecular and cellular mechanistic understanding of how dopamine orchestrates these hippocampal processes. In this chapter of the special issue "Hippocampal structure and function," we will discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic modulation of basal synaptic transmission and long-lasting, activity-dependent potentiation or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Edelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Volkmar Lessmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
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12
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Guo F, Zhao J, Zhao D, Wang J, Wang X, Feng Z, Vreugdenhil M, Lu C. Dopamine D4 receptor activation restores CA1 LTP in hippocampal slices from aged mice. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1323-1333. [PMID: 28975698 PMCID: PMC5676052 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal aging is characterized with a decline in hippocampal memory functions that is associated with changes in long-term potentiation (LTP) of the CA3-to-CA1 synapse. Age-related deficit of the dopaminergic system may contribute to impairment of CA1 LTP. Here we assessed how the modulation of CA1 LTP by dopamine is affected by aging and how it is dependent on the Ca2+ source. In slices from adult mice, the initial slope of the field potential showed strong LTP, but in slices from aged mice LTP was impaired. Dopamine did not affect LTP in adult slices, but enhanced LTP in aged slices. The dopamine D1/D5 receptor (D1R/D5R) agonist SKF-81297 did not affect LTP in adult but caused a relative small increase in LTP in aged slices; however, although there was no difference in dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) expression, the D4R agonist PD168077 increased LTP in aged slices to a magnitude similar to that in adult slices. The N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist D-AP5 reduced LTP in adult slices, but not in aged slices. However, in the presence of D-AP5, PD168077 completely blocked LTP in aged slices. The voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) blocker nifedipine reduced LTP in adult slices, but surprisingly enhanced LTP in aged slices. Furthermore, in the presence of nifedipine, PD168077 caused a strong enhancement of LTP in aged slices to a magnitude exceeding LTP in adult slices. Our results indicate that the full rescue of impaired LTP in aging by the selective D4R activation and that a large potentiation role on LTP by co-application of D4R agonist and VDCC blocker may provide novel strategies for the intervention of cognitive decline of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Guo
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Department of Neurology1st Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Martin Vreugdenhil
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Department of Health SciencesBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Chengbiao Lu
- Key Lab of Brain Research of Henan ProvinceDepartment of Physiology and NeurobiologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
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13
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Brandt MD, Krüger-Gerlach D, Hermann A, Meyer AK, Kim KS, Storch A. Early Postnatal but Not Late Adult Neurogenesis Is Impaired in the Pitx3-Mutant Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:471. [PMID: 28883785 PMCID: PMC5573808 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of new neurons in the adult dentate gyrus has functional implications for hippocampal formation. Reduced hippocampal neurogenesis has been described in various animal models of hippocampal dysfunction such as dementia and depression, which are both common non-motor-symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). As dopamine plays an important role in regulating precursor cell proliferation, the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) in PD may be related to the reduced neurogenesis observed in the neurogenic regions of the adult brain: subventricular zone (SVZ) and dentate gyrus (DG). Here we examined adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the Pitx3-mutant mouse model of PD (aphakia mice), which phenotypically shows a selective embryonic degeneration of dopamine neurons within the SN and to a smaller extent in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Proliferating cells were labeled with BrdU in aphakia mice and healthy controls from 3 to 42 weeks of age. Three weeks old mutant mice showed an 18% reduction of proliferating cells in the DG and of 26% in the SVZ. Not only proliferation but also the number of new neurons was impaired in young aphakia mice resulting in 33% less newborn cells 4 weeks after BrdU-labeling. Remarkably, however, the decline in the number of proliferating cells in the neurogenic regions vanished in older animals (8–42 weeks) indicating that aging masks the effect of dopamine depletion on adult neurogenesis. Region specific reduction in precursor cells proliferation correlated with the extent of dopaminergic degeneration in mesencephalic subregions (VTA and SN), which supports the theory of age- and region-dependent regulatory effects of dopaminergic projections. Physiological stimulation of adult neurogenesis by physical activity (wheel running) almost doubled the number of proliferating cells in the dentate gyrus of 8 weeks old aphakia mice to a number comparable to that of wild-type mice, abolishing the slight reduction of baseline neurogenesis at this age. The described age-dependent susceptibility of adult neurogenesis to PD-like dopaminergic degeneration and its responsiveness to physical activity might have implications for the understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of non-motor symptoms in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz D Brandt
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DresdenDresden, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DresdenDresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany
| | - Anne K Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBelmont, MA, United States
| | - Alexander Storch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases RostockRostock, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of RostockRostock, Germany
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14
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Assar N, Mahmoudi D, Farhoudian A, Farhadi MH, Fatahi Z, Haghparast A. D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors in the CA1 region of the hippocampus are involved in the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:394-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Twarkowski H, Manahan-Vaughan D. Loss of Catecholaminergic Neuromodulation of Persistent Forms of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity with Increasing Age. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2016; 8:30. [PMID: 27725799 PMCID: PMC5035743 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2016.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation by means of the catecholaminergic system is a key component of motivation-driven learning and behaviorally modulated hippocampal synaptic plasticity. In particular, dopamine acting on D1/D5 receptors and noradrenaline acting on beta-adrenergic receptors exert a very potent regulation of forms of hippocampal synaptic plasticity that last for very long-periods of time (>24 h), and occur in conjunction with novel spatial learning. Antagonism of these receptors not only prevents long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), but prevents the memory of the spatial event that, under normal circumstances, leads to the perpetuation of these plasticity forms. Spatial learning behavior that normally comes easily to rats, such as object-place learning and spatial reference learning, becomes increasingly impaired with aging. Middle-aged animals display aging-related deficits of specific, but not all, components of spatial learning, and one possibility is that this initial manifestation of decrements in learning ability that become apparent in middle-age relate to changes in motivation, attention and/or the regulation by neuromodulatory systems of these behavioral states. Here, we compared the regulation by dopaminergic D1/D5 and beta-adrenergic receptors of persistent LTP in young (2-4 month old) and middle-aged (8-14 month old) rats. We observed in young rats, that weak potentiation that typically lasts for ca. 2 h could be strengthened into persistent (>24 h) LTP by pharmacological activation of either D1/D5 or beta-adrenergic receptors. By contrast, no such facilitation occurred in middle-aged rats. This difference was not related to an ostensible learning deficit: a facilitation of weak potentiation into LTP by spatial learning was possible both in young and middle-aged rats. It was also not directly linked to deficits in LTP: strong afferent stimulation resulted in equivalent LTP in both age groups. We postulate that this change in catecholaminergic control of synaptic plasticity that emerges with aging, does not relate to a learning deficit per se, rather it derives from an increase in behavioral thresholds for novelty and motivation that emerge with increasing age that impact, in turn, on learning efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Twarkowski
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University BochumBochum, Germany; International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University BochumBochum, Germany
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Erdem Koç G, Kaplan S, Altun G, Gümüş H, Gülsüm Deniz Ö, Aydin I, Emin Onger M, Altunkaynak Z. Neuroprotective effects of melatonin and omega-3 on hippocampal cells prenatally exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:590-5. [PMID: 27442260 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse effects on human health caused by electromagnetic fields (EMF) associated with the use of mobile phones, particularly among young people, are increasing all the time. The potential deleterious effects of EMF exposure resulting from mobile phones being used in close proximity to the brain require particular evaluation. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to EMF in the development of the pyramidal cells using melatonin (MEL) and omega-3 (ω-3). MATERIALS AND METHODS We established seven groups of pregnant rats consisting of three animals each; control (CONT), SHAM, EMF, EMF + MEL, MEL, EMF + ω-3 and ω-3 alone. The rats in the EMF, EMF + MEL, EMF + ω-3 groups were exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 60 min/day in an exposure tube during the gestation period. The CONT, MEL and ω-3 group rats were not placed inside the exposure tube or exposed to EMF during the study period. After delivery, only spontaneously delivered male rat pups were selected for the establishment of further groups. Each group of offspring consisted of six animals. The optical fractionator technique was used to determine total pyramidal neuron numbers in the rat hippocampal region. RESULTS The total number of pyramidal cells in the cornu ammonis (CA) in the EMF group was significantly lower than in the CONT, SHAM, EMF + MEL, and EMF + ω-3 groups. No significant difference was observed between the EMF, MEL and ω-3 groups. No difference was also observed between any groups in terms of rats' body or brain weights. CONCLUSION MEL and ω-3 can protect the cell against neuronal damage in the hippocampus induced by 900 MHz EMF. However, further studies are now needed to evaluate the chronic effects of 900 MHz EMF on the brain in the prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülüna Erdem Koç
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Adnan Menderes University , Aydın , Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaplan
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Gamze Altun
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Hasan Gümüş
- c Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Ömür Gülsüm Deniz
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Isinsu Aydin
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Onger
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Zuhal Altunkaynak
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
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Dallérac GM, Cummings DM, Hirst MC, Milnerwood AJ, Murphy KPSJ. Changes in Dopamine Signalling Do Not Underlie Aberrant Hippocampal Plasticity in a Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:146-53. [PMID: 26782175 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Altered dopamine receptor labelling has been demonstrated in presymptomatic and symptomatic Huntington's disease (HD) gene carriers, indicating that alterations in dopaminergic signalling are an early event in HD. We have previously described early alterations in synaptic transmission and plasticity in both the cortex and hippocampus of the R6/1 mouse model of Huntington's disease. Deficits in cortical synaptic plasticity were associated with altered dopaminergic signalling and could be reversed by D1- or D2-like dopamine receptor activation. In light of these findings we here investigated whether defects in dopamine signalling could also contribute to the marked alteration in hippocampal synaptic function. To this end we performed dopamine receptor labelling and pharmacology in the R6/1 hippocampus and report a marked, age-dependent elevation of hippocampal D1 and D2 receptor labelling in R6/1 hippocampal subfields. Yet, pharmacological inhibition or activation of D1- or D2-like receptors did not modify the aberrant synaptic plasticity observed in R6/1 mice. These findings demonstrate that global perturbations to dopamine receptor expression do occur in HD transgenic mice, similarly in HD gene carriers and patients. However, the direction of change and the lack of effect of dopaminergic pharmacological agents on synaptic function demonstrate that the perturbations are heterogeneous and region-specific, a finding that may explain the mixed results of dopamine therapy in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn M Dallérac
- Huntington's Disease Research Forum, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK76AA, UK.
- CIRB, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Collège de France, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Damian M Cummings
- Huntington's Disease Research Forum, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK76AA, UK
- University College London, Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mark C Hirst
- Huntington's Disease Research Forum, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK76AA, UK
| | - Austen J Milnerwood
- Huntington's Disease Research Forum, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK76AA, UK
- Department of Neurology & Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2255, Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kerry P S J Murphy
- Huntington's Disease Research Forum, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK76AA, UK.
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Nguyen CL, Tran AH, Matsumoto J, Hori E, Uwano T, Ono T, Nishijo H. Hippocampal place cell responses to distal and proximal cue manipulations in dopamine D2 receptor-knockout mice. Brain Res 2014; 1567:13-27. [PMID: 24747614 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The human hippocampus is critical for learning and memory. In rodents, hippocampal pyramidal neurons fire in a location-specific manner and form relational representations of environmental cues. The important roles of dopaminergic D1 receptors in learning and in hippocampal neural synaptic plasticity in novel environments have been previously shown. However, the roles of D2 receptors in hippocampal neural plasticity in response to novel and familiar spatial stimuli remain unclear. In order to clarify this issue, we recorded from hippocampal neurons in dopamine D2 receptor-knockout (D2R-KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates during manipulations of distinct spatial cues in familiar and novel environments. Here, we report that D2R-KO mice showed substantial deficits in place-cell properties (number of place cells, intra-field firing rates, spatial tuning, and spatial coherence). Furthermore, although place cells in D2R-KO mice responded to manipulations of distal and proximal cues in both familiar and novel environments in a manner that was similar to place cells in WT mice, place fields were less stable in the D . The axes represent the differences between the peak and the valley of each waveform of EL2 and EL3.2R-KO mice in the familiar environment, but not in the novel environment. The present results suggested that D2 receptors in the hippocampus are important for place response stability. The place-cell properties of D2R-KO mice were similar to aged animals, suggesting that the alterations of place-cell properties in aged animals might be ascribed partly to alterations in the D2R in the HF of aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Le Nguyen
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Anh Hai Tran
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jumpei Matsumoto
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hori
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Teruko Uwano
- Integrative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- Integrative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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Dopamine receptor dysregulation in hippocampus of aged rats underlies chronic pulsatile L-Dopa treatment induced cognitive and emotional alterations. Neuropharmacology 2013; 82:88-100. [PMID: 24291463 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
L-Dopa is the major symptomatic therapy for Parkinson's disease, which commonly occurs in elderly patients. However, the effects of chronic use on mood and cognition in old subjects remain elusive. In order to compare the effects of a chronic pulsatile L-Dopa treatment on emotional and cognitive functions in young (3 months) and old (18 months) intact rats, an L-Dopa/carbidopa treatment was administered every 12 h over 4 weeks. Rats were assessed for behavioural despair (repeated forced swimming test, RFST), anhedonia (sucrose preference test, SPT) and spatial learning (Morris water maze, MWM) in the late phase of treatment (T). Neuronal expression of Fos in the hippocampus at the early and late phases of T, as well as after MWM was studied. The density and ratio of dopamine D5r, D3r and D2r receptors were also evaluated in the hippocampus using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Young rats showed similar patterns during behavioural tests, whereas aged treated rats showed increased immobility counts in RFST, diminished sucrose liquid intake in SPT, and spatial learning impairment during MWM. Fos expression was significantly blunted in the aged treated group after MWM. The density of D5r, D3r and D2r was increased in both aged groups. The treatment reduced the ratio of D5r/D3r and D5r/D2r in both groups. Moreover, aged treated subjects had significant lower values of D5r/D3r and higher values of D5r/D2r when compared with young treated subjects. These results indicate that chronic L-Dopa treatment in itself could trigger emotional and cognitive dysfunctions in elderly subjects through dopamine receptor dysregulation.
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20
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Rau TF, Kothiwal A, Zhang L, Ulatowski S, Jacobson S, Brooks DM, Cardozo-Pelaez F, Chopp M, Poulsen DJ. Low dose methamphetamine mediates neuroprotection through a PI3K-AKT pathway. Neuropharmacology 2011; 61:677-86. [PMID: 21635908 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
High doses of methamphetamine induce the excessive release of dopamine resulting in neurotoxicity. However, moderate activation of dopamine receptors can promote neuroprotection. Therefore, we used in vitro and in vivo models of stroke to test the hypothesis that low doses of methamphetamine could induce neuroprotection. We demonstrate that methamphetamine does induce a robust, dose-dependent, neuroprotective response in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). A similar dose dependant neuroprotective effect was observed in rats that received an embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Significant improvements in behavioral outcomes were observed in rats when methamphetamine administration delayed for up to 12 h after MCAO. Methamphetamine-mediated neuroprotection was significantly reduced in slice cultures by the addition of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor antagonist. Treatment of slice cultures with methamphetamine resulted in the dopamine-mediated activation of AKT in a PI3K dependant manner. A similar increase in phosphorylated AKT was observed in the striatum, cortex and hippocampus of methamphetamine treated rats following MCAO. Methamphetamine-mediated neuroprotection was lost in rats when PI3K activity was blocked by wortmannin. Finally, methamphetamine treatment decreased both cleaved caspase 3 levels in slice cultures following OGD and TUNEL staining within the striatum and cortex in rats following transient MCAO. These data indicate that methamphetamine can mediate neuroprotection through activation of a dopamine/PI3K/AKT-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Rau
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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21
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Methylphenidate improves spatial memory of spontaneously hypertensive rats: Evidence in behavioral and ultrastructural changes. Neurosci Lett 2009; 461:106-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Morcom AM, Bullmore ET, Huppert FA, Lennox B, Praseedom A, Linnington H, Fletcher PC. Memory encoding and dopamine in the aging brain: a psychopharmacological neuroimaging study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 20:743-57. [PMID: 19625385 PMCID: PMC2820708 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhp139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Normal aging brings with it changes in dopaminergic and memory functions. However, little is known about how these 2 changes are related. In this study, we identify a link between dopamine, episodic memory networks, and aging, using pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging. Young and older adults received a D2-like agonist (Bromocriptine, 1.25 mg), a D2-like antagonist (Sulpiride, 400 mg), and Placebo, in a double-blind crossover procedure. We observed group differences, during memory encoding, in medial temporal, frontal, and striatal regions and moreover, these regions were differentially sensitive across groups to dopaminergic perturbation. These findings suggest that brain systems underlying memory show age-related changes and that dopaminergic function may be key in understanding these changes. That these changes have behavioral consequences was suggested by the observation that drug modulations were most pronounced in older subjects with poorer recognition memory. Our findings provide direct evidence linking ageing, memory, and dopaminergic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa M Morcom
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
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23
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Abstract
Gene expression changes in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, and gene responses to therapeutic drugs, provide new ways to identify central nervous system (CNS) targets for drug discovery. This review summarizes gene and pathway targets replicated in expression profiling of human postmortem brain, animal models, and cell culture studies. Analysis of isolated human neurons implicates targets for Alzheimer's disease and the cognitive decline associated with normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. In addition to tau, amyloid-beta precursor protein, and amyloid-beta peptides (Abeta), these targets include all three high-affinity neurotrophin receptors and the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) system, synapse markers, glutamate receptors (GluRs) and transporters, and dopamine (DA) receptors, particularly the D2 subtype. Gene-based candidates for Parkinson's disease (PD) include the ubiquitin-proteosome system, scavengers of reactive oxygen species, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, TrkB, and downstream target early growth response 1, Nurr-1, and signaling through protein kinase C and RAS pathways. Increasing variability and decreases in brain mRNA production from middle age to old age suggest that cognitive impairments during normal aging may be addressed by drugs that restore antioxidant, DNA repair, and synaptic functions including those of DA to levels of younger adults. Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Many of these metabolic genes are increased by insulin and muscarinic agonism, both of which are therapeutic in psychosis. Differential genomic signals are relatively sparse in bipolar disorder, but include deficiencies in the expression of 14-3-3 protein members, implicating these chaperone proteins and the neurotransmitter pathways they support as possible drug targets. Brains from persons with major depressive disorder reveal decreased expression for genes in glutamate transport and metabolism, neurotrophic signaling (eg, FGF, BDNF and VGF), and MAP kinase pathways. Increases in these pathways in the brains of animals exposed to electroconvulsive shock and antidepressant treatments identify neurotrophic and angiogenic growth factors and second messenger stimulation as therapeutic approaches for the treatment of depression.
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Souza RP, Soares EC, Rosa DV, Souza BR, Gomes KM, Valvassori SS, Réus GZ, Inácio CG, Martins MR, Gomez MV, Quevedo J, Romano‐Silva MA. Cerebral DARPP‐32 expression after methylphenidate administration in young and adult rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2008; 27:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renan P. Souza
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Eliane C. Soares
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Daniela V.F. Rosa
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Bruno R. Souza
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Karin M. Gomes
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Samira S. Valvassori
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Gislaine Z. Réus
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Cecília G. Inácio
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Márcio R. Martins
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Marcus V. Gomez
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Marco A. Romano‐Silva
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
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Pertusa M, García-Matas S, Mammeri H, Adell A, Rodrigo T, Mallet J, Cristòfol R, Sarkis C, Sanfeliu C. Expression of GDNF transgene in astrocytes improves cognitive deficits in aged rats. Neurobiol Aging 2008; 29:1366-79. [PMID: 17399854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Revised: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was assayed for its neurotrophic effects against the neuronal atrophy that causes cognitive deficits in old age. Aged Fisher 344 rats with impairment in the Morris water maze received intrahippocampal injections at the dorsal CA1 area of either a lentiviral vector encoding human GDNF or the same vector encoding human green fluorescent protein as a control. Recombinant lentiviral vectors constructed with human cytomegalovirus promotor and pseudotyped with lyssavirus Mokola glycoprotein specifically transduced the astrocytes in vivo. Astrocyte-secreted GDNF enhanced neuron function as shown by local increases in synthesis of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, dopamine and serotonin. This neurotrophic effect led to cognitive improvement of the rats as early as 2 weeks after gene transduction. Spatial learning and memory testing showed a significant gain in cognitive abilities due to GDNF exposure, whereas control-transduced rats kept their performance at the chance level. These results confirm the broad spectrum of the neurotrophic action of GDNF and open new gene therapy possibilities for reducing age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pertusa
- Departament de Farmacologia i Toxicologia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC-IDIBAPS, Rosselló 161, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Souza RP, Soares EC, Rosa DVF, Souza BR, Réus GZ, Barichello T, Gomes KM, Gomez MV, Quevedo J, Romano-Silva MA. Methylphenidate alters NCS-1 expression in rat brain. Neurochem Int 2008; 53:12-6. [PMID: 18514368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Methylphenidate has been used as an effective treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate (MPH) blocks dopamine and norepinephrine transporters causing an increase in extracellular levels. The use of psychomotor stimulants continues to rise due to both the treatment of ADHD and illicit abuse. Methylphenidate sensitization mechanism has still poor knowledge. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 was identified as a dopaminergic receptor interacting protein. When expressed in mammalian cells, neuronal calcium sensor 1 attenuates dopamine-induced D2 receptor internalization by a mechanism that involves a reduction in D2 receptor phosphorylation. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 appears to play a pivotal role in regulating D2 receptor function, it will be important to determine if there are alterations in neuronal calcium sensor 1 in neuropathologies associated with deregulation in dopaminergic signaling. Then, we investigated if methylphenidate could alter neuronal calcium sensor 1 expression in five brain regions (striatum, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, cortex and cerebellum) in young and adult rats. These regions were chosen because some are located in brain circuits related with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Our results showed changes in neuronal calcium sensor 1 expression in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and cerebellum mainly in adult rats. The demonstration that methylphenidate induces changes in neuronal calcium sensor 1 levels in rat brain may help to understand sensitization mechanisms as well as methylphenidate therapeutic effects to improve attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan P Souza
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neuropsiquiatria Clínica e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Abstract
Development and implementation of microarray techniques to quantify expression levels of dozens to hundreds to thousands of transcripts simultaneously within select tissue samples from normal control subjects and neurodegenerative diseased brains has enabled scientists to create molecular fingerprints of vulnerable neuronal populations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders. A goal is to sample gene expression from homogeneous cell types within a defined region without potential contamination by expression profiles of adjacent neuronal subpopulations and nonneuronal cells. The precise resolution afforded by single cell and population cell RNA analysis in combination with microarrays and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based analyses allows for relative gene expression level comparisons across cell types under different experimental conditions and disease progression. The ability to analyze single cells is an important distinction from global and regional assessments of mRNA expression and can be applied to optimally prepared tissues from animal models of neurodegeneration as well as postmortem human brain tissues. Gene expression analysis in postmortem AD brain regions including the hippocampal formation and neocortex reveals selectively vulnerable cell types share putative pathogenetic alterations in common classes of transcripts, for example, markers of glutamatergic neurotransmission, synaptic-related markers, protein phosphatases and kinases, and neurotrophins/neurotrophin receptors. Expression profiles of vulnerable regions and neurons may reveal important clues toward the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of various neurological diseases and aid in identifying rational targets toward pharmacotherapeutic interventions for progressive, late-onset neurodegenerative disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
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28
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Huang YY, Kandel ER. Age-related enhancement of a protein synthesis-dependent late phase of LTP induced by low frequency paired-pulse stimulation in hippocampus. Learn Mem 2006; 13:298-306. [PMID: 16741282 PMCID: PMC1475810 DOI: 10.1101/lm.166906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein synthesis-dependent late phase of LTP (L-LTP) is typically induced by repeated high-frequency stimulation (HFS). This form of L-LTP is reduced in the aged animal and is positively correlated with age-related memory loss. Here we report a novel form of protein synthesis-dependent late phase of LTP in the CA1 region of hippocampus induced by a brief 1-Hz paired-pulse stimulation (PP-1 Hz, 1 min). In contrast to L-LTP induced by HFS, the late phase of PP-1 Hz LTP does not exist in young adult animals. Rather, it emerges and becomes enhanced in an age-related way. Thus, in 1.5- to 2-mo-old mice, a brief PP-1 Hz stimulation induces only a short lasting LTP, decaying to baseline in about 90 min. By contrast, PP-1 Hz stimulation induces an enduring and protein synthesis dependent LTP in 12- to 18-mo-old mice. The PP-1 Hz-induced L-LTP is dependent on NMDA receptor activation, requires voltage-dependent calcium channels, and is modulated by dopamine D1/D5 receptors. Because memory ability declines with aging, the age-related enhancement of L-LTP induced by PP-1 Hz stimulation indicates that this form of L-LTP appears to be inversely correlated with memory ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-You Huang
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, New York, New York, USA
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Hemby SE, Trojanowski JQ, Ginsberg SD. Neuron-specific age-related decreases in dopamine receptor subtype mRNAs. J Comp Neurol 2003; 456:176-83. [PMID: 12509874 PMCID: PMC4048549 DOI: 10.1002/cne.10525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Age-related decline in dopamine receptor levels has been observed in regional studies of animal and human brains; however, identifying specific cellular substrates and/or alterations in distinct neuronal populations remains elusive. To evaluate whether age-related decreases in dopamine receptor subtypes are associated with specific cell populations in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, antisense RNA amplification was combined with cDNA array analysis to examine effects of aging on D1-D5 dopamine receptor mRNA expression levels in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and entorhinal cortex layer II stellate cells from post-mortem human brains (19-92 years). In CA1 pyramidal neurons, significant age-related decline was observed for dopamine receptor mRNAs (D1-D4, P < 0.001; D5, P < 0.05) but not for the cytoskeletal elements beta-actin, three-repeat (3R) tau, and four-repeat (4R) tau. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in stellate cells across the same cohort. Thus, senescence may be a factor responsible for cell-specific decrements in dopamine receptor gene expression in one population of neurons within a circuit that is critical for learning and memory. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that alterations in dopaminergic function may also be related to behavioral abnormalities, such as psychosis, that occur with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Hemby
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychiatry/Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Division, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA.
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