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Nagashima N, Ugajin T, Miyake K, Walls AF, Namiki T, Yokozeki H, Karasuyama H, Okiyama N. Cutaneous basophil infiltration in atopic dermatitis is associated with abundant epidermal infiltration of helper T cells: A preliminary retrospective study. J Dermatol 2024; 51:130-134. [PMID: 37789696 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogenous inflammatory skin disorder. Our previous study revealed that basophil infiltration in skin is observed in approximately 60% of AD cases. However, the clinical and histological characteristics of AD associated with basophil infiltration remain unclear. We examined basophil infiltration by immunohistochemical staining of 38 specimens from 34 patients who underwent skin biopsies to diagnose AD from April 2016 to September 2021 at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital. The patients/specimens were divided into two groups, 17 patients/21 specimens associated with little or no basophil infiltration (basophil-low group) and 17 patients/17 specimens associated with marked basophil infiltration (basophil-high group). The clinical characteristics of the patients (age, sex, complications, blood biomarkers, skin symptoms, and treatment) and histological features of the specimens were compared between the groups. Basophil-high patients were significantly younger than basophil-low patients. Blood basophil counts were higher in basophil-high patients than in basophil-low patients. CD4+ T-cell infiltration was more marked in basophil-high specimens than in basophil-low specimens. CD4+ T cells infiltrated into the dermis as well as into the epidermis only in the basophil-high specimens. Thus, basophil-high AD can be characterized by skin lesions associated with abundant helper T-cell infiltration in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Nagashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection & Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew F Walls
- Immunopharmacology Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Takeshi Namiki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection & Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Okiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Smiljkovic D, Herrmann H, Sadovnik I, Gamperl S, Berger D, Stefanzl G, Eisenwort G, Hoermann G, Kopanja S, Dorofeeva Y, Focke-Tejkl M, Jaksch P, Hoetzenecker K, Szepfalusi Z, Valenta R, Arock M, Valent P. Expression and regulation of Siglec-6 (CD327) on human mast cells and basophils. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:202-211. [PMID: 35953001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MC) and basophils are effector cells of allergic reactions and display a number of activation-linked cell surface antigens. Of these antigens, however, only a few are functionally relevant and specifically expressed in these cells. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify MC- and basophil-specific surface molecules and to study their cellular distribution and regulation during cytokine-induced and IgE-dependent activation. METHODS Multicolor flow cytometry was performed to recognize surface antigens and to determine changes in antigen expression upon activation. RESULTS We identified Siglec-6 (CD327) as a differentially regulated surface antigen on human MC and basophils. In the bone marrow, Siglec-6 was expressed abundantly on MC in patients with mastocytosis and in reactive states, but it was not detected on other myeloid cells, with the exception of basophils and monocytes. In healthy individuals, allergic patients, and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Siglec-6 was identified on CD203c+ blood basophils, a subset of CD19+ B lymphocytes, and few CD14+ monocytes, but not on other blood leukocytes. CML basophils expressed higher levels of Siglec-6 than normal basophils. IL-3 promoted Siglec-6 expression on normal and CML basophils, and stem cell factor increased the expression of Siglec-6 on tissue MC. Unexpectedly, IgE-dependent activation resulted in downregulation of Siglec-6 in IL-3-primed basophils, whereas in MC, IgE-dependent activation augmented stem cell factor-induced upregulation of Siglec-6. CONCLUSIONS Siglec-6 is a dynamically regulated marker of MC and basophils. Activated MC and basophils exhibit unique Siglec-6 responses, including cytokine-dependent upregulation and unique, cell-specific, responses to IgE-receptor cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubravka Smiljkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Gamperl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Stefanzl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Kopanja
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yulia Dorofeeva
- Department of Pathophysiology, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology, and Infectiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- Department of Pathophysiology, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology, and Infectiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Peter Jaksch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Szepfalusi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology, Division of Immunopathology, Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology, and Infectiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Michel Arock
- Laboratory of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Akin C, Al-Hosni M, Khokar DS. Mast Cells and Mast Cell Disorders. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-8165-1.00044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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4
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Sehanobish E, Asad M, Jerschow E. New concepts for the pathogenesis and management of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 22:42-48. [PMID: 34739410 PMCID: PMC8702488 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and an update on its management. RECENT FINDINGS Elevated levels of 15-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-Oxo-ETE), a newly described metabolite of arachidonic acid, have been identified in nasal polyps of AERD patients. In nasal polyps, activated basophils, and interleukin-5 -receptor-α-positive IL-5Rα+ plasma cells are associated with more severe nasal polyposis in AERD. Alveolar monocyte-derived macrophages and their persistent proinflammatory activation were suggested as putative factors contributing to AERD. Although not AERD-specific, three biological agents are now available for the management of both nasal polyposis and asthma. SUMMARY A newly downstream product of 15-lipoxygenase, 15-Oxo-ETE, was recently found to be significantly elevated in nasal polyps from AERD patients. This eicosanoid metabolite likely originates from an interplay between epithelial cells and mast cells. Nasal polyp basophils, IL-5Rα+ plasma cells, and alveolar macrophages were identified as important contributors to inflammation in AERD. Besides traditional aspirin desensitization and treatment for AERD management, several biologics for treatment of asthma are available, including three that have been approved for nasal polyposis. These biologic agents show variable rates of success in controlling AERD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Sehanobish
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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5
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Stephen B, Hajjar J. Immune System in Action. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1342:1-43. [PMID: 34972961 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79308-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells is found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stromal or lymphoid component of the tumor. The immune infiltrate is heterogeneous and varies within a patient and between patients of the same tumor histology. The location, density, functionality, and the crosstalk between the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment influence the nature of immune response, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of the immune cells and their role in tumor immune surveillance is of paramount importance to identify immune targets and to develop novel immune therapeutics in the war against cancer. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the individual components of the human immune system and the translational relevance of predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettzy Stephen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Joud Hajjar
- Assistant Professor, Service Chief of Adult Allergy & Immunology, Division of Immunology, Allergy & Retrovirology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children' Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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6
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Propolis suppresses cytokine production in activated basophils and basophil-mediated skin and intestinal allergic inflammation in mice. Allergol Int 2021; 70:360-367. [PMID: 33279402 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honey bees that contains cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids. Although propolis has been reported to inhibit mast cell functions and mast cell-dependent allergic responses, the effect of propolis on basophil biology remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of propolis on FcεRI-mediated basophil activation. METHODS To determine the inhibitory effect of propolis on basophil activation in vitro, cytokine production and FcεRI signal transduction were analyzed by ELISA and western blotting, respectively. To investigate the inhibitory effect of propolis in vivo, IgE-CAI and a food allergy mouse model were employed. RESULTS Propolis treatment resulted in the suppression of IgE/antigen-induced production of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-13 in basophils. Phosphorylation of FcεRI signaling molecules Lyn, Akt and ERK was inhibited in basophils treated with propolis. While propolis did not affect the basophil population in the treated mice, propolis did inhibit IgE-CAI. Finally, ovalbumin-induced intestinal anaphylaxis, which involves basophils and basophil-derived IL-4, was attenuated in mice prophylactically treated with propolis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results demonstrate the ability of propolis to suppress IgE-dependent basophil activation and basophil-dependent allergic inflammation. Therefore, prophylactic treatment with propolis may be useful for protection against food allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
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7
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Stevens WW, Staudacher AG, Hulse KE, Poposki JA, Kato A, Carter RG, Suh LA, Norton JE, Huang JH, Peters AT, Grammer LC, Conley DB, Shintani-Smith S, Tan BK, Welch KC, Kern RC, Schleimer RP. Studies of the role of basophils in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease pathogenesis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:439-449.e5. [PMID: 33819512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by the triad of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), asthma, and intolerance to cyclooxygenase-1 enzyme inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms contributing to AERD pathogenesis are not fully understood, but AERD is characterized by an enhanced type 2 inflammatory phenotype. Basophils are potent type 2 effector cells, but their involvement in AERD pathophysiology remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the systemic and local basophil responses in patients with AERD compared with patients with CRSwNP. METHODS Sinonasal tissues including inferior turbinate and/or nasal polyps (NPs) and peripheral blood were collected from controls, patients with AERD, and patients with CRSwNP. Expression of cell surface (CD45, FcεRI, CD203c), activation (CD63), and intracellular (2D7) markers associated with basophils was characterized using flow cytometry. Clinical data including Lund-Mackay scores and pulmonary function were obtained. RESULTS The mean number of basophils (CD45+CD203c+FcεRI+CD117-) detected in AERD NPs (147 ± 28 cells/mg tissue) was significantly elevated compared with that detected in CRSwNP NPs (69 ± 20 cells/mg tissue; P = .01). The number of circulating basophils was significantly elevated in patients with AERD (P = .04). Basophils in NPs had significantly higher CD203c and CD63 mean fluorescence intensity compared with blood in both conditions (P < .01). Basophils from AERD NPs had lower expression of the granule content marker 2D7 compared with those from matched blood (P < .01) or NPs of patients with CRSwNP (P = .06), suggesting ongoing degranulation. Basophil 2D7 mean fluorescence intensity significantly correlated with pulmonary function (r = 0.62; P = .02) and inversely correlated with sinonasal inflammation (r = -0.56; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Increased basophil numbers and extent of ongoing degranulation in NPs of patients with AERD compared with patients with CRSwNP may contribute to the exaggerated disease pathogenesis and severity unique to AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney W Stevens
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
| | - Anna G Staudacher
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathryn E Hulse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Julie A Poposki
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roderick G Carter
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James E Norton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Julia H Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Anju T Peters
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Leslie C Grammer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin C Welch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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8
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He X, Cao Y, Gu Y, Fang H, Wang J, Liu X, Lv K, Yu K, Fei Y, Lin C, Liu H, Zhang H, Li H, Xu J, Li R, He H. Clinical Outcomes and Immune Metrics in Intratumoral Basophil-Enriched Gastric Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:6439-6450. [PMID: 33738713 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of basophils has been reported in several malignancies. In gastric cancer, the relation between tumor-infiltrating basophils and patient overall survival and chemotherapeutic responsiveness still remains obscure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the postoperative prognostic and predictive significance of basophils to survival outcomes and chemotherapeutic responsiveness in resectable gastric cancer. METHODS The study enrolled two independent patient data sets with 448 gastric cancer patients overall. Basophils were evaluated with the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, survival outcomes, and responsiveness to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) were investigated. Additionally, IHC was applied to characterize immune contexture in gastric cancer. RESULTS In either the discovery or validation data sets, accumulated basophils indicated poorer prognosis, and tumor-infiltrating basophils were identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating basophils determined significantly inferior therapeutic responsiveness to fluorouracil-based ACT in patients with stage III tumors. In addition, the abundance of basophils was correlated with an immunoevasive contexture characterized by M2-polarized macrophage infiltration. Moreover, our findings indicated elevated interleukin-4 expression but decreased interferon-γ expression in the high-basophils subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Tumor-infiltrating basophils in gastric cancer were identified as an independent adverse prognosticator, and also predicted inferior chemotherapeutic responsiveness, which identified those patients in need of much more individualized postoperative adjuvant therapy and more stringent follow-up. Furthermore, the infiltration of basophils was associated with immunoevasive tumor microenvironment, which might be a potential immunotherapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanji Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieti Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunpeng Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchao Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruochen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongyong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Paranjape A, Tsai M, Mukai K, Hoh RA, Joshi SA, Chinthrajah RS, Nadeau KC, Boyd SD, Galli SJ. Oral Immunotherapy and Basophil and Mast Cell Reactivity in Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:602660. [PMID: 33381123 PMCID: PMC7768812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophil activation tests (BATs) can closely monitor, in vitro, a patient’s propensity to develop type I hypersensitivity reactions. Because of their high specificity and sensitivity, BATs have become promising diagnostic tools, especially in cases with equivocal clinical histories, skin prick test results, and/or levels of specific IgE to allergen extracts. BATs also are useful as tools for monitoring the effects of treatment, since oral immunotherapy (OIT) studies report a diminution in patients’ basophil responsiveness over the course of OIT. This review will discuss the BAT findings obtained before, during, and after OIT for food allergy. We will mainly focus on the association of basophil responsiveness, and alterations in basophil surface markers, with clinical outcomes and other clinical features, such as blood levels of specific IgG and IgE antibodies. The detailed analysis of these correlations will ultimately facilitate the use of BATs, along with other blood biomarkers, to differentiate short-term desensitization versus sustained unresponsiveness and to improve treatment protocols. Given the critical anatomic location of mast cells adjacent to the many IgE+ plasma cells found in the gastrointestinal tissues of allergic individuals, we will also discuss the role of gastrointestinal mast cells in manifestations of food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kaori Mukai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ramona A Hoh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Shilpa A Joshi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - R Sharon Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Scott D Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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10
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Kalm F, Mansouri L, Russom A, Lundahl J, Nopp A. Adhesion molecule cross-linking and cytokine exposure modulate IgE- and non-IgE-dependent basophil activation. Immunology 2020; 162:92-104. [PMID: 32955733 PMCID: PMC7730031 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are known for their role in allergic inflammation, which makes them suitable targets in allergy diagnostics such as the basophil activation test (BAT) and the microfluidic immunoaffinity basophil activation test (miBAT). Beside their role in allergy, basophils have an immune modulatory role in both innate immunity and adaptive immunity. To accomplish this mission, basophils depend on the capability to migrate from blood to extravascular tissues, which includes interactions with endothelial cells, extracellular matrix and soluble mediators. Their receptor repertoire is well known, but less is known how these receptor–ligand interactions impact the degranulation process and the responsiveness to subsequent activation. As the consequences of these interactions are crucial to fully appreciate the role of basophils in immune modulation and to enable optimization of the miBAT, we explored how basophil activation status is regulated by cytokines and cross‐linking of adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecules and activation markers on basophils from healthy blood donors was analysed by flow cytometry. Cross‐linking of CD203c, CD62L, CD11b and CD49d induced a significant upregulation of CD63 and CD203c. To mimic in vivo conditions, valid also for miBAT, CD62L and CD49d were cross‐linked followed by IgE‐dependent activation (anti‐IgE), which caused a reduced CD63 expression compared with anti‐IgE activation only. IL‐3 and IL‐33 priming caused increased CD63 expression after IgE‐independent activation (fMLP). Together, our data suggest that mechanisms operational both in the microfluidic chip and in vivo during basophil adhesion may impact basophil anaphylactic and piecemeal degranulation procedures and hence their immune regulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Kalm
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ladan Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joachim Lundahl
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nopp
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Effects of omalizumab on basophils: Potential biomarkers in asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Cell Immunol 2020; 358:104215. [PMID: 33137647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Omalizumab is an anti-IgE humanized monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of severe asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Omalizumab binds free serum IgE and antagonizes its interaction with FcεRI, which is considered the main pharmacodynamic mechanism responsible for the clinical response to the treatment. The reduction of IgE serum concentration down-regulates the cellular expression of FcεRI on basophils. However, the biological events occurring on basophils during the therapy with omalizumab are multiple and complex. Here we review the current evidence regarding the specific biological effects of omalizumab on basophils in patients with asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. In addition to the modulation of IgE receptors, omalizumab may affect basophils homeostasis, intra-cellular signaling, cellular responsiveness/activation and cytokine release. These effects may be partially responsible for the clinical success of omalizumab and potentially provide useful biological markers for future assessment of the clinical response to the treatment. However, further investigation is required to better elucidate the role of basophils during the treatment with omalizumab.
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Lee D, Park YH, Lee JE, Kim HS, Min KY, Jo MG, Kim HS, Choi WS, Kim YM. Dasatinib Inhibits Lyn and Fyn Src-Family Kinases in Mast Cells to Suppress Type I Hypersensitivity in Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:456-464. [PMID: 32268657 PMCID: PMC7457176 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are systemically distributed and secrete several allergic mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes to cause type I hypersensitivity. Dasatinib is a type of anti-cancer agent and it has also been reported to inhibit human basophils. However, dasatinib has not been reported for its inhibitory effects on MCs or type I hypersensitivity in mice. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of dasatinib on MCs and MC-mediated allergic response in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, dasatinib inhibited the degranulation of MCs by antigen stimulation in a dose-dependent manner (IC50, ~34 nM for RBL-2H3 cells; ~52 nM for BMMCs) without any cytotoxicity. It also suppressed the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TNF-α by antigen stimulation. Furthermore, dasatinib inhibited MC-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice (ED50, ~29 mg/kg). Notably, dasatinib significantly suppressed the degranulation of MCs in the ear tissue. As the mechanism of its effect, dasatinib inhibited the activation of Syk and Syk-mediated downstream signaling proteins, LAT, PLCγ1, and three typical MAP kinases (Erk1/2, JNK, and p38), which are essential for the activation of MCs. Interestingly, in vitro tyrosine kinase assay, dasatinib directly inhibited the activities of Lyn and Fyn, the upstream tyrosine kinases of Syk in MCs. Taken together, dasatinib suppresses MCs and PCA in vitro and in vivo through the inhibition of Lyn and Fyn Src-family kinases. Therefore, we suggest the possibility of repositioning the anti-cancer drug dasatinib as a treatment for various MC-mediated type I hypersensitive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Lee
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Park
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Lee
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Young Min
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Geun Jo
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 6419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
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Vitallé J, Terrén I, Orrantia A, Bilbao A, Gamboa PM, Borrego F, Zenarruzabeitia O. The Expression and Function of CD300 Molecules in the Main Players of Allergic Responses: Mast Cells, Basophils and Eosinophils. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093173. [PMID: 32365988 PMCID: PMC7247439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergy is the host immune response against non-infectious substances called allergens. The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. However, while some drugs counteract the symptomatology caused by allergic reactions, no completely effective treatments for allergic diseases have been developed yet. In this sense, the ability of surface activating and inhibitory receptors to modulate the function of the main effector cells of allergic responses makes these molecules potential pharmacological targets. The CD300 receptor family consists of members with activating and inhibitory capabilities mainly expressed on the surface of immune cells. Multiple studies in the last few years have highlighted the importance of CD300 molecules in several pathological conditions. This review summarizes the literature on CD300 receptor expression, regulation and function in mast cells, basophils and eosinophils, the main players of allergic responses. Moreover, we review the involvement of CD300 receptors in the pathogenesis of certain allergic diseases, as well as their prospective use as therapeutic targets for the treatment of IgE-dependent allergic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Vitallé
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
| | - Iñigo Terrén
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
| | - Ane Orrantia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
| | - Agurtzane Bilbao
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
- Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Pedro M. Gamboa
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
- Allergology Service, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Olatz Zenarruzabeitia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.V.); (I.T.); (A.O.); (A.B.); (P.M.G.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-699-227-735
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Liu C, Zhang P, Zhang W. Immunological mechanism of IgG4-related disease. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 3:100047. [PMID: 32743528 PMCID: PMC7388377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder in multiple organs, characterized by abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasmacytes and fibrosis in the involved organs. The precise pathogenic mechanism of IgG4-RD still remains unclear. Aberrant innate and adaptive immunity are considered as the main pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. Recent studies have shown that abnormal adaptive immune responses mediated by T helper type 2 cells, regulatory T lymphocytes, CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, T follicular helper cells, T follicular regulatory cells, PD-1hiCXCR5-peripheral T helper cells and B cell subsets are involved in IgG4-RD. In addition to adaptive immune responses, innate immune responses play pathogenic roles in IgG4-RD. Macrophages, mast cells, basophils, complement, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells are activated to produce various kinds of cytokines in IgG4-RD. This review aims to summarize the most recent knowledge in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
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Nagarajan G, Thangam EB. Effect of H4R Antagonist N-(2-Aminoethyl)-5-Chloro-1H-Indole-2-Carboxamide (Compound A) in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:125-138. [PMID: 31985316 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1712415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Context: Allergic asthma is a multifactorial airway disease characterised by chronic lung inflammation and airway remodelling. The histamine H4 receptor involved in the chemotaxis of leukocytes and mast cells to the site of inflammation is suggested to be a potential drug target for allergy and asthma. In this study we examined the effect of Compound A, N-(2-Aminoethyl)-5-chloro-1H-indol-2-carboxamide a H4 receptor antagonist in allergic asthma mice model. Objective: To investigate the anti-asthmatic effect of compound A in in vivo, airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA) induced allergic asthma mouse model was used. Methodology: Allergic asthma was induced in Balb/c mice using ovalbumin. BAL fluid was examined for the level of IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17 using ELISA. Furthermore, infiltration of leucocytes by histopathology and effect of compound A on signalling molecules were examined in lung tissue. Results: In mice pre-treatment with compound A (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg) at different concentrations markedly reduced the levels of IgE, Th2 cytokine IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and Th17 cytokine IL-17 in BAL fluid. Histopathological examination of lung tissue showed that compound A was able to reduce the level of inflammatory infiltrates. Furthermore, lung tissue from Compound A treated group shown to down-regulate the levels of signalling molecules such as ERK1/2, Akt, SAPK/JNK and NF-κB compared to OVA treated group. Discussion and conclusion: Taken together our data demonstrates that compound A has shown to block the H4R-mediated allergic inflammation in this allergic asthma mice model and may be used as a molecule to study the function of H4R. Abbreviations: Compound A, N-(2-Aminoethyl)-5-chloro-1H-indol-2-carboxamide; JNJ7777120, 1-[(5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl]-4-methylpiperazine; H4R: Histamine 4 Receptor; AHR: Airway hyper responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomathi Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institue of Science and Technology , Kattankulathur, India
| | - Elden Berla Thangam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institue of Science and Technology , Kattankulathur, India
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Inui K, Ugajin T, Namiki T, Yokozeki H. Chronic prurigo: A retrospective study of 168 cases. J Dermatol 2020; 47:283-289. [PMID: 31907978 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic prurigo is classified into two clinical subtypes: prurigo nodularis (PN) and prurigo chronica multiformis (PCM) in Japan. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the clinical features of 168 patients with chronic prurigo (103 with PN and 65 with PCM) diagnosed at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and compared age, sex, prevalence of comorbidities, blood test results, histology and treatment efficacy in both groups. We found that patients with PCM were significantly older than those with PN. Males were more frequently diagnosed with PCM than females; however, both sexes were similarly affected by PN. Chronic infection was more prevalent in PN, whereas diabetes was more common in PCM. For both subtypes, serum immunoglobulin E levels were elevated above the normal range. However, serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 levels and the number of blood eosinophils were significantly higher in patients with PCM than in those with PN. Histologically, much higher numbers of CD4+ cells than CD8+ cells were distributed in the lesions of both subtypes. Eosinophils were distributed predominantly in intracollagenous lesions in PCM but were observed mainly in perivascular lesions in PN. There were no differences in basophil and mast cell distributions in the lesions of the two groups. Treatment efficacy was also similar in both subtypes. Together, both subtypes exhibit inflammation patterns predominantly driven by T-helper 2 cells. With respect to PCM, elevated numbers of blood eosinophils and the recruitment of these cells into intracollagenous areas may be important for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inui
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Namiki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Overview of Basic Immunology and Clinical Application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1244:1-36. [PMID: 32301008 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41008-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells are found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stromal or lymphoid component of the tumor. The immune infiltrate is heterogeneous and varies within a patient and between patients of the same tumor histology. The location, density, functionality, and cross-talk between the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment influence the nature of immune response, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of the immune cells and their role in tumor immune surveillance is of paramount importance to identify immune targets and to develop novel immune therapeutics in the war against cancer. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the individual components of the human immune system and the translational relevance of predictive biomarkers.
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Kulthanan K, Subchookul C, Hunnangkul S, Chularojanamontri L, Tuchinda P. Factors Predicting the Response to Cyclosporin Treatment in Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Systematic Review. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:736-755. [PMID: 31332983 PMCID: PMC6658402 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.5.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to systemically review literature relating to factors that could potentially predict a favorable response to cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods A systematic literature review was done according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis recommendations. Results A total of 13 studies (404 patients with CSU and 200 healthy patients) were included. There were only 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) and 12 non-RCTs. Our systematic review showed that positive autologous serum skin test results, positive baseline basophil histamine release assays, positive baseline basophil activation test responses, elevated baseline plasma D-dimer levels, elevated baseline serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-5, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, and low baseline serum IgE levels might assist in predicting favorable CsA responses in CSU patients. Decreased plasma D-dimer levels; and decreased serum IL-2, IL-5, and TNF-α levels were reported to be correlated with clinical improvement after CsA treatment. Conclusions Since most positive results were from non-RCT articles and some data were still inconsistent, this systematic review identified no reliable practical biomarker for predicting CsA treatment response in patients with CSU. There were no positive predictors with good consistency and mechanical plausibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chanika Subchookul
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowalak Hunnangkul
- Office of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Leena Chularojanamontri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Papapit Tuchinda
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Role of Zinc Signaling in the Regulation of Mast Cell-, Basophil-, and T Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5749120. [PMID: 30596108 PMCID: PMC6286780 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5749120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is essential for maintaining normal structure and physiological function of cells. Its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neuronal degeneration. Zinc homeostasis is tightly regulated by zinc transporters and metallothioneins that control zinc concentration and its distribution in individual cells and contributes to zinc signaling. The intracellular zinc signaling regulates immune reactions. Although many molecules involved in these processes have zinc-binding motifs, the molecular mechanisms and the role of zinc in immune responses have not been elucidated. We and others have demonstrated that zinc signaling plays diverse and specific roles in vivo and in vitro in studies using knockout mice lacking zinc transporter function and metallothionein function. In this review, we discuss the impact of zinc signaling focusing particularly on mast cell-, basophil-, and T cell-mediated inflammatory and allergic responses. We also describe zinc signaling dysregulation as a leading health problem in inflammatory disease and allergy.
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Shin H, Park SJ, Gupta KC, Lee DY, Park SY, Kang IK. In vitro detection of allergen sensitized basophils by HSA-DNP antigen-anchored liquid crystal microdroplets. Anal Biochem 2018; 558:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Krecak I, Gveric-Krecak V, Roncevic P, Basic-Kinda S, Gulin J, Lapic I, Fumic K, Ilic I, Horvat I, Zadro R, Holik H, Coha B, Peran N, Aurer I, Durakovic N. Serum chitotriosidase: a circulating biomarker in polycythemia vera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 23:793-802. [PMID: 29993340 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2018.1498157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum chitotriosidase activity (CHIT1) is a biomarker of macrophage activation with an important role in inflammation-induced tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Macrophages have been described to play a crucial role in regulating pathological erythropoiesis in polycythemia vera (PV). The aim of this study was to evaluate CHIT1 in patients diagnosed with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). METHODS Using fluorometric assay, we measured CHIT1 in 28 PV, 27 essential thrombocythemia (ET), 17 primary myelofibrosis (PMF), 19 patients with secondary myelofibrosis and in 25 healthy controls. RESULTS CHIT1 was significantly higher in PV (p < .001) and post-PV myelofibrosis (MF) transformation (post-PV MF) (p = .020), but not in ET (p = .080), post-ET MF transformation (p = .086), and PMF patients (p = .287), when compared to healthy controls. CHIT1 in PV was positively correlated with hemoglobin (p = .026), hematocrit (p = .012), absolute basophil count (p = .030) and the presence of reticulin fibrosis in the bone marrow (p = .023). DISCUSSION A positive correlation between CHIT1 and these distinct laboratory PV features might imply macrophages closely related to clonal erythropoiesis as cells of CHIT1 origin. In addition, a positive association between CHIT1 and reticulin fibrosis might indicate its potential role in PV progression. CONCLUSION CHIT1 might be considered as a circulating biomarker in PV. Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of CHIT1 in promoting disease progression and bone marrow fibrosis in PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Krecak
- a Department of Internal Medicine , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Velka Gveric-Krecak
- a Department of Internal Medicine , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Pavle Roncevic
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Sandra Basic-Kinda
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Josipa Gulin
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Lapic
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ksenija Fumic
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Ilic
- e Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Horvat
- g Division for Laboratory Hematology and Coagulation, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Renata Zadro
- d Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,g Division for Laboratory Hematology and Coagulation, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Holik
- h Department of Internal medicine , "Dr. Josip Bencevic" General Hospital , Slavonski Brod , Croatia
| | - Bozena Coha
- h Department of Internal medicine , "Dr. Josip Bencevic" General Hospital , Slavonski Brod , Croatia
| | - Nena Peran
- i Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Igor Aurer
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Nadira Durakovic
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
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Zenarruzabeitia O, Vitallé J, Terrén I, Orrantia A, Astigarraga I, Dopazo L, Gonzalez C, Santos-Díez L, Tutau C, Gamboa PM, Bilbao A, Borrego F. CD300c costimulates IgE-mediated basophil activation, and its expression is increased in patients with cow's milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:700-711.e5. [PMID: 29906528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basophils express high-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI), which play an essential role in allergic diseases. It is important to characterize new cell-surface receptors that modulate IgE-mediated basophil activation threshold to design promising immunomodulatory therapies. OBJECTIVES We sought to analyze the expression of CD300 receptors on human basophils and their implication in IgE-mediated basophil activation processes. METHODS Blood samples from healthy subjects and patients with cow's milk allergy were collected through the Basque Biobank under an institutional review board-approved protocol. PBMCs were obtained by means of density centrifugation, basophils were purified with a specific isolation kit, and phenotypic and functional studies were performed by using flow cytometry. RESULTS We demonstrate that basophils express the activating receptor CD300c, which is specifically upregulated in response to IL-3. CD300c works as a costimulatory molecule during IgE-mediated basophil activation, as shown by a significant increase in degranulation and cytokine production when basophils are activated in the presence of CD300c cross-linking compared with activation through the IgE/FcεRI axis alone. Coligation of FcεRI and CD300c increased intracellular calcium mobilization and phosphorylation of signaling intermediates evoked only by FcεRI ligation. We show that the natural ligands of CD300c, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine, modulate IgE-mediated basophil activation. Furthermore, we have observed that CD300c expression in children with cow's milk allergy is increased compared with that in healthy control subjects and that the intensity of expression correlates with the severity of the hypersensitivity symptoms. CONCLUSION CD300c could be considered a biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with IgE-mediated allergic diseases because it seems to be involved in the modulation of IgE-mediated basophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Zenarruzabeitia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
| | - Joana Vitallé
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Iñigo Terrén
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ane Orrantia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Leire Dopazo
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Carlos Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Díez
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Carlos Tutau
- Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Pedro M Gamboa
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Allergology Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Agurtzane Bilbao
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain.
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23
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Yi MH, Kim HP, Jeong KY, Kim JY, Lee IY, Yong TS. Effects of the Th2-dominant milieu on allergic responses in Der f 1-activated mouse basophils and mast cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7706. [PMID: 29769546 PMCID: PMC5955989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although basophils and mast cells share similar phenotypic and functional properties, little is known about the difference in the initial Th2 immune responses of these cells following exposure to proteolytic allergens. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of Th2-mediated immune responses in mouse bone marrow-derived basophils (BMBs) and mast cells (BMMCs) via stimulation with the cysteine protease allergen Der f 1. Our results showed that Th2 cytokines were induced from BMBs by active recombinant Der f 1 (rDer f 1 independently with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4. Although both BMBs and BMMCs expressed protease-activated receptors on their surfaces, PAR expression following exposure to rDer f 1 was altered only in basophils. G protein-coupled receptors in basophils were found to be associated with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 production from BMBs upon Der f 1 treatment. Secretion of Th2 cytokines from rDer f 1-treated basophils was mediated by G protein βγ and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase γ through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways. These findings provide insights into the roles of cysteine proteases in Th2 immune responses, such as allergic diseases, and improve our understanding of the mechanisms of Th2 cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hee Yi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Pyo Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - In-Yong Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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Yanagawa M, Uchida K, Ando Y, Tomiyama T, Yamaguchi T, Ikeura T, Fukui T, Nishio A, Uemura Y, Miyara T, Okamoto H, Satoi S, Okazaki K. Basophils activated via TLR signaling may contribute to pathophysiology of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:449-460. [PMID: 28921377 PMCID: PMC5847205 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathophysiology of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is still unclear. We previously reported that M2 macrophages might play an important role in type 1 AIP. Recently, it has been reported that basophils regulate differentiation to M2 macrophages. In this study, we investigated basophils from the pancreatic tissue and peripheral blood of individuals with type 1 AIP. METHODS By using immunohistochemistry, we investigated basophils in pancreatic tissue from 13 patients with type 1 AIP and examined expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by these cells. Additionally, we obtained peripheral blood samples from 27 healthy subjects, 40 patients with type 1 AIP, 8 patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, 10 patients with bronchial asthma, and 10 patients with atopic dermatitis, and analyzed activation of basophils by stimulating them with ligands of TLR1-9. We also compared TLR expression in basophils from the tissue and blood samples. RESULTS Basophils were detected in pancreatic tissues from 10 of 13 patients with type 1 AIP. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the ratios of basophils activated by TLR4 stimulation in type 1 AIP (9.875 ± 1.148%) and atopic dermatitis (11.768 ± 1.899%) were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (5.051 ± 0.730%; P < 0.05). Levels of basophils activated by TLR2 stimulation were higher in seven type 1 AIP cases. Furthermore, stimulation of TLR2 and/or TLR4, which were expressed by basophils in pancreas, activated basophils in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS Basophils activated via TLR signaling may play an important role in the pathophysiology of type 1 AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yanagawa
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazushige Uchida
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yugo Ando
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takashi Tomiyama
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ikeura
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukui
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Nishio
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Uemura
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyara
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Souhei Satoi
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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25
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Stephen B, Hajjar J. Overview of Basic Immunology and Translational Relevance for Clinical Investigators. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 995:1-41. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02505-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractEssential oils (EOs) exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, which have been reported over the years in various studies. The aim of this literature review is to present the latest findings of the immunomodulatory effects of EOs. From 2008 to 2016in vivo- and/orin vitro-studies, most of which were published in the last couple of years, have been selected based on their topic relevance, namely immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antileishmanial, antiallergic, and anticancer effects of various EOs. These findings show modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, antiproliferative, chemotactic properties and also exert antiparasitic effects by inhibiting the pro, axenic and intramacrophagic amastigote forms of Leishmania parasites or by modulating the TH1 and TH2 immune responses. Furthermore, the EOs of some plants show the ability to reduce the mast cell degranulation and improve the airway inflammation and mucus obstruction in the cases of immediate hypersensitivity in murine models. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of some EOs against human melanoma, hepatoma, lung, prostate and breast cancer cell lines proposed their potential antitumor effect by an increased immunosuppressive (cytostatic) activity.
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27
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Frati F, Scurati S, Puccinelli P, Morviducci C, Di Cara G, Boccardo R, Piergentili E, Milioni M, Bernardini R, Sambugaro R, Castellano F, Varricchio A, Manfredi G, Cordero L, Russello M, Guercio E, Mauro M, Incorvaia C. Inflammation in Respiratory Allergy Treated by Sublingual Immunotherapy. EUR J INFLAMM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0900700301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common allergic diseases, such as rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis, are sustained by allergic inflammation, the treatment of which requires anti-inflammatory activity. Among the available treatments, allergen immunotherapy (IT) has a documented impact on allergic inflammation which persists after its discontinuation and modifies the natural course of allergy. The anti-inflammatory effects of IT, and particularly of sublingual IT (SLIT), are based on the ability to modify the phenotype of T cells which, in allergic subjects, are characterized by a prevalence of the Th2 type, with production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-32 cytokines. IT-induced changes result in a Th1-type response (immune deviation) related to an increased IFN-gamma and IL-2 production or in a Th2 reduced activity, through a mechanism of anergy or tolerance. It is now known that T cell tolerance is characterized by the generation of allergen-specific Treg cells, which produce cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-beta with immunosuppressant and/or immunoregulatory activity. Recent studies suggest that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SLIT is similar to classical, subcutaneous IT, with a prominent role in SLIT for mucosal dendritic cells. The tolerance pattern induced by Treg accounts for the suppressed or reduced activity of inflammatory cells and for the isotypic switch of antibody synthesis from IgE to IgG, and especially to IgG4. Data obtained from biopsies clearly indicate that the pathophysiology of the oral mucosa plays a pivotal role in inducing tolerance to the sublingually administered allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Frati
- Pediatrics, University Department of Medical and Surgical Specialty and Public Health, Perugia
- Medical and Scientific Department, Stallergenes, Milan
| | - S. Scurati
- Medical and Scientific Department, Stallergenes, Milan
| | - P. Puccinelli
- Medical and Scientific Department, Stallergenes, Milan
| | | | - G. Di Cara
- Pediatrics, University Department of Medical and Surgical Specialty and Public Health, Perugia
| | - R. Boccardo
- Pediatrics, University Department of Medical and Surgical Specialty and Public Health, Perugia
| | - E. Piergentili
- Pediatrics, University Department of Medical and Surgical Specialty and Public Health, Perugia
| | - M. Milioni
- Pediatrics, University Department of Medical and Surgical Specialty and Public Health, Perugia
| | | | | | | | | | - G. Manfredi
- Clinical Immunology, Miulli Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti
| | - L. Cordero
- Pneumology Unit, University Hospital, Sassari
| | | | - E. Guercio
- General Hospital, Castrovillari, Cosenza
| | - M. Mauro
- Allergy Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Como
| | - C. Incorvaia
- Allergy/Pulmonary rehabilitation Unit, ICP Hospital, Milan, Italy
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28
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Lucijanic M, Livun A, Stoos-Veic T, Pejsa V, Jaksic O, Cicic D, Lucijanic J, Romic Z, Orehovec B, Aralica G, Miletic M, Kusec R. High absolute basophil count is a powerful independent predictor of inferior overall survival in patients with primary myelofibrosis. Hematology 2017; 23:201-207. [PMID: 28906207 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2017.1376843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Lucijanic
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Livun
- Divison of Molecular Diagnosis and Genetics, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Stoos-Veic
- Department of Clinical Cytology and Cytometry, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vlatko Pejsa
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ozren Jaksic
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Cicic
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Zeljko Romic
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biserka Orehovec
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gorana Aralica
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Pathology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Miletic
- Radiology Department, General Hospital Dubrovnik, Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | - Rajko Kusec
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- Divison of Molecular Diagnosis and Genetics, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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29
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Rust BJ, Wambre E. Human Immune Monitoring Techniques during Food Allergen Immunotherapy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 17:22. [PMID: 28361386 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Encouraging results from recent food allergen immunotherapy clinical trials indicate that the immune system plays an essential role in peripheral tolerance to food allergen. Thus, the monitoring of changes in immune responses and their possible correlation with clinical outcome in allergic patients receiving immunotherapies could theoretically serve as surrogate markers and be harnessed as rationale for food allergen immunotherapy development. RECENT FINDINGS A shift towards antigen specificity in recent assays has provided a solid foundation for the elucidation of cellular mechanisms involved in food allergen immunotherapy as well as the tracking of allergen-specific immune cells. In this review, we overview the current challenges and technologies used in immune monitoring during immunotherapy in allergic patients with a focus on cell-mediated immunity. We also discuss critical steps involved in some of the cellular immune assays utilized in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake J Rust
- Department of Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erik Wambre
- Department of Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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30
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Stephen B, Hajjar J. Overview of Basic Immunology for Clinical Investigators. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 995:1-31. [PMID: 28321810 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53156-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells are found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stromal or lymphoid component of the tumor. The immune infiltrate is heterogeneous and varies within a patient and between patients of the same tumor histology. The location, density, functionality, and the cross talk between the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment influence the nature of immune response, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of the immune cells and their role in tumor immune surveillance is of paramount importance to identify immune targets and to develop novel immune therapeutics in the war against cancer. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the individual components of the human immune system and the translational relevance of predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettzy Stephen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joud Hajjar
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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31
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Allergies: diseases closely related to cancer. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2016; 73:432-445. [PMID: 29421288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergies are hypersensitivity reactions that occur through specific type Th2 immunological mechanisms characterized by different soluble mediators, as well as specific cells of the immune system. In recent decades, evidence has emerged relating this disease with cancer development. However, most of the results of epidemiology studies have been controversial and contradictory. There are mainly two trends. While the first indicates that allergies can reduce the risk of cancer, the other indicates that they may increase this risk. The first trend can be explained by the immunosurveillance hypothesis, which states that the increased immune surveillance after the immune hyper-responsiveness can inhibit or exert a protective effect against the development of cancer. Similarly, the prophylaxis hypothesis suggests that the physical effects of allergy symptoms can prevent cancer by removing potential carcinogens. In contrast, the opposing hypothesis propose that there is a deviation of the immune response toward Th2, which favors the development of cancer, or that the process of chronic inflammation favors the generation of mutations, and therefore the development of cancer. With the purpose of understanding more about these two hypotheses, the main soluble and cellular factors of allergic diseases that could be playing a key role in the development or inhibition of cancer were considered in this review.
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32
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Nagarajan G, Mariappanadar V, Tamizh M, Kaliappan I, Elden BT. Effect of H4R antagonist N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-chloro-1H-indol-2-carboxamides and 5-chloro-2-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazole on histamine and 4-methylhistamine-induced mast cell response. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 37:304-313. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2016.1247863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gomathi Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vairamani Mariappanadar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthu Tamizh
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ilango Kaliappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Berla Thangam Elden
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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33
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Ugajin T, Shibama S, Nishida K, Yokozeki H. Metallothioneins are required for human basophil interleukin-4 gene induction via FcɛRΙ stimulation. Allergol Int 2016; 65:466-468. [PMID: 27107631 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Shibama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keigo Nishida
- Laboratory for Homeostatic Network, RIKEN Research Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Kanagawa, Japan; Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Mukai K, Gaudenzio N, Gupta S, Vivanco N, Bendall SC, Maecker HT, Chinthrajah RS, Tsai M, Nadeau KC, Galli SJ. Assessing basophil activation by using flow cytometry and mass cytometry in blood stored 24 hours before analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:889-899.e11. [PMID: 27527263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basophil activation tests (BATs) have promise for research and for clinical monitoring of patients with allergies. However, BAT protocols vary in blood anticoagulant used and temperature and time of storage before testing, complicating comparisons of results from various studies. OBJECTIVE We attempted to establish a BAT protocol that would permit analysis of blood within 24 hours of obtaining the sample. METHODS Blood from 46 healthy donors and 120 patients with peanut allergy was collected into EDTA or heparin tubes, and samples were stored at 4°C or room temperature for 4 or 24 hours before performing BATs. RESULTS Stimulation with anti-IgE or IL-3 resulted in strong upregulation of basophil CD203c in samples collected in EDTA or heparin, stored at 4°C, and analyzed 24 hours after sample collection. However, a CD63hi population of basophils was not observed in any conditions in EDTA-treated samples unless exogenous calcium/magnesium was added at the time of anti-IgE stimulation. By contrast, blood samples collected in heparin tubes were adequate for quantification of upregulation of basophil CD203c and identification of a population of CD63hi basophils, irrespective of whether the specimens were analyzed by means of conventional flow cytometry or cytometry by time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and such tests could be performed after blood was stored for 24 hours at 4°C. CONCLUSION BATs to measure upregulation of basophil CD203c and induction of a CD63hi basophil population can be conducted with blood obtained in heparin tubes and stored at 4°C for 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Mukai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Sheena Gupta
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Nora Vivanco
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Sean C Bendall
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Holden T Maecker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Rebecca S Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.
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35
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Lajqi N, Ilazi A, Kastrati B, Islami H. Comparison of Glucocorticoid (Budesonide) and Antileukotriene (Montelukast) Effect in Patients with Bronchial Asthma Determined with Body Plethysmography. Acta Inform Med 2016; 23:347-51. [PMID: 26862243 PMCID: PMC4720827 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2015.23.347-351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Effect of glucocorticoids-budesonide and antileukotriene–montelukast in patients with bronchial asthma and bronchial increased reactivity was studied in this work. Methods: Parameters of the lung function are determined with Body plethysmography. Raw and ITGV were registered and specific resistance (SRaw) was also calculated. Results: Results of this research, in patients with bronchial asthma, indicate that glucocorticoids – budesonide (Pulmicort; 2 × 2 mg inh) has significant action (p< 0.01) on reduction of the specific resistance (SRaw) of airways, applied to the same patients 3 days after administration of montelukast, at home (2 × 10 mg). Three days after administration of the montelukast, antileukotriene medicine, at home, on the fourth day same patients administered a capsule of montelukast, 10 mg dose per os, and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the increased bronchomotor tonus; and the effect of the control with salbutamol (beta2-adrenergic agonist) is effective in removal of the increased bronchomotor tonus, causing significant decrease of the resistance (Raw), respectively of the specific resistance (SRaw), (p < 0, 01). Conclusion: This suggests that the bronchodilator effect of glucocorticoids is more powerful than of the leukotriene, because glucocorticoids terminate the early stage of chemical mediator release (prostaglandins PgD2, SRS, and leukotriene LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 and Cytokinins also etc.) as powerful bronchoconstriction substances, whilst antileukotriene substances does not have this feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njomza Lajqi
- Trifarm, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Company, Fushe Kosove, Kosova
| | - Ali Ilazi
- Kosovo Occupational Health Institute, Clinical Centre N.N., Gjakova, Kosova
| | - Bashkim Kastrati
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine. University of Prishtina. Clinical Centre, Mother Theresa Str., Prishtina. Kosova
| | - Hilmi Islami
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine. University of Prishtina. Clinical Centre, Mother Theresa Str., Prishtina. Kosova
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36
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Morina N, Boçari G, Iljazi A, Hyseini K, Halac G. Maximum Time of the Effect of Antileukotriene - Zileuton in Treatment of Patients with Bronchial Asthma. Acta Inform Med 2016; 24:16-9. [PMID: 27046942 PMCID: PMC4789724 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2016.24.16-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Maximum time of the effect of antileukotriene substances - Zileuton in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma and increased bronchial reactivity and of the salbutamol as agonist of the beta2 adrenergic receptor studied in this work. Methods: Parameters of the lung function are determined with Body plethysmography. Raw and ITGV were registered and specific resistance (SRaw) was calculated. Zileuton (Zyflo, tbl. 600 mg), producer Cornerstone Therapeutics, USA was used in the research. Results: Results of this research, in patients with bronchial asthma, indicate that antileukotriene substances–Zileuton administered in a dose of 600 mg first day (oral route of administration 4 × 1 tbl.) has not caused significant decrease of the specific resistance of the airways (SRaw) (p value 0.1 > Alpha 0.05), whereas Zileuton administered two days in a row, in a dose of 600 mg (4 × 1 tbl. a day), has caused significant decrease of the specific resistance of the airways (SRaw) (P value 0.03 < Alpha 0.05). Effect of the control with salbutamol (beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist) is efficient in the removal of the increased bronchomotor tone, causing significant decrease of the resistance (Raw), respectively of the specific resistance (SRaw), (p value 0.05 = Alpha 0.05). Conclusion: Formation of leukotrienes depends on the lypoxygenation of the arachidonic acid by 5-lypoxygenase. Zileuton is an active and powerful inhibitor of the activity of 5- lypoxygenase and as such inhibits generation of its products. Consequently, besides inhibition of cys-LTs’, zileuton also inhibits the formation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), which is a powerful chemotactic of other eicosanoids too, which depend on the synthesis of lekotriene A4 (LTA4). This suggests that the effect of antileukotrienes (Zileuton) is not immediate after oral administration, but the powerful effect of the Zileuton seen only after two days of inhibition of cys-LTs’, and inhibition of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and A4 (LTA4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Morina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine. University of Prishtina. Clinical Centre, Mother Theresa Str., Prishtina. Kosova
| | - Gëzim Boçari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine. University of Tirana, Albania
| | - Ali Iljazi
- Kosovo Occupational Health Institute, Clinical Centre N.N., Gjakova, Kosova
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Ugajin T, Takahashi M, Miyagishi C, Takayama K, Yokozeki H. A case of bullous pemphigoid associated with infiltration and activation of basophils. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1095-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
| | - M. Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
| | - C. Miyagishi
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
| | - K. Takayama
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
| | - H. Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8519 Japan
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38
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Ugajin T, Nishida K, Yamasaki S, Suzuki J, Mita M, Kubo M, Yokozeki H, Hirano T. Zinc-binding metallothioneins are key modulators of IL-4 production by basophils. Mol Immunol 2015; 66:180-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Gorelik M, Narisety SD, Guerrerio AL, Chichester KL, Keet CA, Bieneman AP, Hamilton RG, Wood RA, Schroeder JT, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. Suppression of the immunologic response to peanut during immunotherapy is often transient. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:1283-92. [PMID: 25542883 PMCID: PMC4426213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that oral immunotherapy (OIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for food allergy hold promise; however, the immunologic mechanisms underlying these therapies are not well understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to generate insights into the mechanisms and duration of suppression of immune responses to peanut during immunotherapy. METHODS Blood was obtained from subjects at baseline and at multiple time points during a placebo-controlled trial of peanut OIT and SLIT. Immunologic outcomes included measurement of spontaneous and stimulated basophil activity by using automated fluorometry (histamine) and flow cytometry (activation markers and IL-4), measurement of allergen-induced cytokine expression in dendritic cell (DC)-T-cell cocultures by using multiplexing technology, and measurement of MHC II and costimulatory molecule expression on DCs by using flow cytometry. RESULTS Spontaneous and allergen-induced basophil reactivity (histamine release, CD63 expression, and IL-4 production) were suppressed during dose escalation and after 6 months of maintenance dosing. Peanut- and dust mite-induced expression of TH2 cytokines was reduced in DC-T-cell cocultures during immunotherapy. This was associated with decreased levels of CD40, HLA-DR, and CD86 expression on DCs and increased expression of CD80. These effects were most striking in myeloid DC-T-cell cocultures from subjects receiving OIT. Many markers of immunologic suppression reversed after withdrawal from immunotherapy and in some cases during ongoing maintenance therapy. CONCLUSION OIT and SLIT for peanut allergy induce rapid suppression of basophil effector functions, DC activation, and TH2 cytokine responses during the initial phases of immunotherapy in an antigen-nonspecific manner. Although there was some interindividual variation, in many patients suppression appeared to be temporary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gorelik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Satya D Narisety
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ
| | - Anthony L Guerrerio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Kristin L Chichester
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Corinne A Keet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Anja P Bieneman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Robert G Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Robert A Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - John T Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
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40
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Tang P, Chen Q, Lan Q, Chen Y, Yang H, An N, Xiao H, Liu H, Wu P, Xie T, Pan Q. Role of basophils in rheumatoid arthritis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1567-1571. [PMID: 26136859 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The T helper (Th)1/Th2 imbalance plays a crucial role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is well known that basophils can affect the Th1/Th2 balance by enhancing the Th2 response, while impairing the Th1 response, which is known to be involved in the development of a number of diseases. However, limited information is available with regard to the role of basophils in RA. Decreased levels of circulating basophils and a dominant Th1 response have been reported in adult patients with RA, while children with juvenile RA have been largely found to have increased levels of circulating basophils and a dominant Th2 response. Furthermore, the circulating basophils in the two conditions have an activated phenotype and are associated with disease activity. In addition, a longitudinal study found the Th2 response was dominant in the early stages of RA, while the Th1 response was dominant in long-term chronic RA. These observations indicate that basophils may be involved in the development of RA by affecting the Th1/Th2 balance, particularly in the early stages of RA. Therefore, targeting basophils may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA; however, further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Tang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhua Chen
- Department of Rheumatism, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qiaofen Lan
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Haijuan Yang
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Ning An
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xie
- Department of Rheumatism, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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Mizutani N, Nabe T, Yoshino S. IgE/antigen-mediated enhancement of IgE production is a mechanism underlying the exacerbation of airway inflammation and remodelling in mice. Immunology 2015; 144:107-15. [PMID: 24995892 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE is known to enhance some antibody responses to specific antigens, but whether this contributes to allergic asthma remains unclear. We have previously found that repeated antigen challenges in mice sensitized with antigen-specific IgE monoclonal antibody (mAb) exacerbated airway inflammation and remodelling accompanied by increased levels of endogenous antigen-specific IgE and IgG1. Here, we investigated whether IgE/antigen-mediated enhancement of endogenous IgE production contributes to the exacerbation of airway inflammation and remodelling. BALB/c mice passively sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) -specific IgE mAb were challenged with OVA intratracheally seven times; anti-IgE mAb was intraperitoneally administered 1 day before the fourth challenge. Treatment with anti-IgE mAb inhibited the increased level of endogenous OVA-specific IgE in serum, but not OVA-specific IgG1, and a biphasic increase in airway resistance at the fourth challenge. Furthermore, a biphasic increase in airway resistance, airway hyper-responsiveness to methacholine, OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 production, and infiltrations by neutrophils and eosinophils in the lungs at the seventh challenge were suppressed by treatment; airway remodelling, such as goblet cell hyperplasia and sub-epithelial fibrosis, was also reduced. In addition, the production of interleukin-17A, interleukin-33 and CXCL1 in the lungs related to these IgE-mediated responses was decreased by treatment. Collectively, we found that the mechanism leading to the exacerbation of allergic asthma is closely related to IgE/antigen-mediated enhancement of IgE production, suggesting that this may create a vicious circle leading to the chronic status in asthmatic patients having levels of antigen-specific IgE ready to form complexes with antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Mizutani
- Department of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
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42
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Nabe T, Matsuya K, Akamizu K, Fujita M, Nakagawa T, Shioe M, Kida H, Takiguchi A, Wakamori H, Fujii M, Ishihara K, Akiba S, Mizutani N, Yoshino S, Chaplin DD. Roles of basophils and mast cells infiltrating the lung by multiple antigen challenges in asthmatic responses of mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:462-76. [PMID: 23472967 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mast cell hyperplasia has been observed in the lungs of mice with experimental asthma, but few reports have studied basophils. Here, we attempted to discriminate and quantify mast cells and basophils in the lungs in a murine asthma model, determine if both cells were increased by multiple antigen challenges and assess the roles of those cells in asthmatic responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Sensitized Balb/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin four times. Mast cells and basophils in enzymatically digested lung tissue were detected by flow cytometry. An anti-FcεRI monoclonal antibody, MAR-1, was i.p. administered during the multiple challenges. KEY RESULTS The numbers of both mast cells (IgE(+) C-kit(+) ) and basophils (IgE(+) C-kit(-) CD49b(+) ) increased in the lungs after three challenges. Treatment with MAR-1 completely abolished the increases; however, a late-phase increase in specific airway resistance (sRaw), and airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia were not affected by the treatment, although the early-phase increase in sRaw was suppressed. MAR-1 reduced antigen-induced airway IL-4 production. Basophils infiltrating the lung clearly produced IL-4 after antigen stimulation in vitro; however, histamine and murine mast cell protease 1 were not increased in the serum after the challenge, indicating that mast cell activation was not evoked. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Both mast cells and basophils infiltrated the lungs by multiple intratracheal antigen challenges in sensitized mice. Neither mast cells nor basophils were involved in late-phase airway obstruction, although early-phase obstruction was mediated by basophils. Targeting basophils in asthma therapy may be useful for an early asthmatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Abstract
Basophils have emerged in recent years as a small but potent subpopulation of leukocytes capable of bridging innate and adaptive immunity. They can be activated through IgE-dependent and IgE-independent mechanisms to release preformed mediators and to produce Th2 cytokines. In addition to their role in protective immunity to helminths, basophils are major participants in allergic reactions as diverse as anaphylaxis and immediate hypersensitivity reactions, late-phase hypersensitivity reactions, and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Additionally, basophils have been implicated in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases such as lupus nephritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and the modulation of immune responses to bacterial infections, as well as being a feature of myelogenous leukemias. Distinct signals for activation, degranulation, transendothelial migration, and immune regulation are being defined, and demonstrate the important role of basophils in promoting a Th2 microenvironment. These mechanistic insights are driving innovative approaches for diagnostic testing and therapeutic targeting of basophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Cromheecke
- Departments of Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology and Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, 2121 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Siracusa MC, Wojno EDT, Artis D. Functional heterogeneity in the basophil cell lineage. Adv Immunol 2013; 115:141-59. [PMID: 22608258 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394299-9.00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CD4(+) T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells, characterized by their expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, are required for immunity to helminth parasites and promote the pathological inflammation associated with asthma and allergic diseases. Recent reports from a number of laboratories have indicated that basophils can influence the induction and/or effector stages of Th2 cytokine-mediated inflammation. However, the impact of basophils appears to depend on the anatomical location and nature of the infectious or inflammatory stimulus. This review highlights the factors that regulate basophil development and activation and describes known basophil effector functions. Further, we discuss the recent identification of phenotypic and functional heterogeneity within murine and human basophil populations and discuss how these findings may explain the context-dependent influence of basophils on either the propagation, regulation, or effector phases of Th2 cytokine-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Siracusa
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Inflammatory monocytes recruited to allergic skin acquire an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype via basophil-derived interleukin-4. Immunity 2013; 38:570-80. [PMID: 23434060 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages are important effectors and regulators of inflammation, and both can be divided into distinct subsets based on their phenotypes. The developmental and functional relationship between individual subsets of monocytes and those of macrophages has not been fully elucidated, although Ly6C(+)CCR2(+) inflammatory and Ly6C(-)CCR2(-) resident monocytes are generally thought to differentiate into M1 (classically activated) and M2 (alternatively activated) macrophages, respectively. Here we show that inflammatory monocytes recruited to allergic skin acquired an M2-like phenotype in response to basophil-derived interleukin-4 (IL-4) and exerted an anti-inflammatory function. CCR2-deficient mice unexpectedly displayed an exacerbation rather than alleviation of allergic inflammation, in spite of impaired recruitment of inflammatory monocytes to skin lesions. Adoptive transfer of inflammatory monocytes from wild-type but not IL-4 receptor-deficient mice dampened the exacerbated inflammation in CCR2-deficient mice. Thus, inflammatory monocytes can be converted from being proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory under the influence of basophils in allergic reactions.
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Differential role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in toll-like receptor-mediated and allergic inflammatory reactions. World Allergy Organ J 2013; 3:245-9. [PMID: 23282899 PMCID: PMC3651115 DOI: 10.1097/wox.0b013e3181f8daa5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription complex that plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions. The role of this factor in inflammatory reactions associated with infections and allergies has recently become evident. In this review we summarize our current knowledge concerning the accumulation and role of HIF-1 in Toll-like receptor-mediated and allergic inflammation. The differential molecular mechanisms used to stabilize this protein in various settings and its ability to support both proinflammatory and angiogenic responses suggest important functional roles in both innate immune responses and allergies. Importantly, the HIF-1 transcription complex is activated in human basophils during IgE-mediated inflammatory responses. It is involved in VEGF expression and subsequent promotion of angiogenesis and in controlling energy metabolism.
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Abstract
Basophils have long been suspected as playing more than a bystander role in initiating and maintaining allergic disorders, despite their relatively low numbers compared with other effector cells, such as mast cells and eosinophils. In vitro studies clearly demonstrated their propensity to generate proallergic cytokines, such as interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, as well as histamine and leukotrienes after simulation with allergens and innate IgE-dependent triggers. However, only very recently have mouse basophils been identified as key regulators of allergy in vivo, including orchestrating Th2 immunity to protease allergens in the induction phase. This review highlights these exciting advances that go far in unraveling our understanding of basophil function in the orchestration of allergic inflammation.
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Thyagarajan A, Jones SM, Calatroni A, Pons L, Kulis M, Woo CS, Kamalakannan M, Vickery BP, Scurlock AM, Wesley Burks A, Shreffler WG. Evidence of pathway-specific basophil anergy induced by peanut oral immunotherapy in peanut-allergic children. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1197-205. [PMID: 22805467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Westernized countries, over 1% of the population is allergic to peanuts or tree nuts, which carries a risk of severe allergic reactions. Several studies support the efficacy of peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) for reducing the clinical sensitivity of affected individuals; however, the mechanisms of this effect are still being characterized. One mechanism that may contribute is the suppression of effector cells, such as basophils. Basophil anergy has been characterized in vitro as a pathway-specific hyporesponsiveness; however, this has not been demonstrated to occur in vivo. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hypothesis that basophil anergy occurs in vivo due to chronic allergen exposure in the setting of a clinical oral immunotherapy trial. METHODS Samples of peripheral blood were obtained from subjects during a placebo-controlled clinical trial of peanut OIT. Basophil reactivity to in vitro stimulation with peanut allergen and controls was assessed by the upregulation of activation markers, CD63 and CD203c, measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS The upregulation of CD63 following stimulation of the IgE receptor, either specifically with peanut allergen or non-specifically with anti-IgE antibody, was strongly suppressed by active OIT. However, OIT did not significantly suppress this response in basophils stimulated by the distinct fMLP receptor pathway. In the subset of subjects with egg sensitization, active peanut OIT also suppressed CD63 upregulation in response to stimulation with egg allergen. Allergen OIT also suppressed the upregulation of CD203c including in response to stimulation with IL-3 alone. CONCLUSION Peanut OIT induces a hyporesponsive state in basophils that is consistent with pathway-specific anergy previously described in vitro. This suggests the hypothesis that effector cell anergy could contribute to clinical desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thyagarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Savage WJ, Tobian AAR, Savage JH, Wood RA, Schroeder JT, Ness PM. Scratching the surface of allergic transfusion reactions. Transfusion 2012; 53:1361-71. [PMID: 22998777 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) are a spectrum of hypersensitivity reactions that are the most common adverse reaction to platelets and plasma, occurring in up to 2% of transfusions. Despite the ubiquity of these reactions, little is known about their mechanism. In a small subset of severe reactions, specific antibody has been implicated as causal, although this mechanism does not explain all ATRs. Evidence suggests that donor, product, and recipient factors are involved, and it is possible that many ATRs are multifactorial. Further understanding of the mechanisms of ATRs is necessary so that rationally designed and cost-effective prevention measures can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Savage
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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van Beek AA, Knol EF, de Vos P, Smelt MJ, Savelkoul HFJ, van Neerven RJJ. Recent developments in basophil research: do basophils initiate and perpetuate type 2 T-helper cell responses? Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 160:7-17. [PMID: 22948001 DOI: 10.1159/000341633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils account for only 0.1-1% of all peripheral blood leukocytes. They were considered to be a redundant cell type for a long time. However, several findings show a non-redundant role for basophils in type 2 T-helper cell (Th2) immune responses in helminth infections, allergy and autoimmunity. Both immunoglobulin-E-dependent and -independent pathways have been described to contribute to basophil activation. In addition, several recent studies reported that basophils can function as antigen-presenting cells and are important in the initiation of Th2 immune responses. However, there are also conflicting studies that do not corroborate the importance of basophils in Th2 immune responses. This review discusses the role of basophils in Th2 immune responses in view of these recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A van Beek
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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