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Bai Y, Zhang W, Zheng W, Meng XZ, Duan Y, Zhang C, Chen F, Wang KJ. A 14-amino acid cationic peptide Bolespleenin 334-347 from the marine fish mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris exhibiting potent antimicrobial activity and therapeutic potential. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116344. [PMID: 38852647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important component of innate immunity in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and some of the unique characteristics of AMPs are usually associated with their living environment. The marine fish, mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, usually live amphibiously in intertidal environments that are quite different from other fish species, which would be an exceptional source of new AMPs. In the study, an AMP named Bolespleenin334-347 was identified, which was a truncated peptide derived from a new functional gene found in B. pectinirostris, that was up-regulated in response to bacterial challenge. Bolespleenin334-347 had only 14 amino acid residues, including five consecutive arginine residues. It was found that the peptide had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, good thermal stability and sodium ion tolerance. Bolespleenin334-347 killed Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus by disrupting the structural integrity of the bacterial membrane, leading to leakage of the cellular contents, and inducing accumulation of bacterial endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, Bolespleenin334-347 effectively inhibited biofilm formation of A. baumannii and S. aureus and long-term treatment did not lead to the development of resistance. Importantly, Bolespleenin334-347 maintained stable activity against clinically multi-drug resistant bacterial strains. In addition, it was noteworthy that Bolespleenin334-347 showed superior efficacy to LL-37 and vancomycin in a constructed mouse model of MRSA-induced superficial skin infections, as evidenced by a significant reduction in bacterial load and more favorable wound healing. This study provides an effective antimicrobial agent for topical skin infections with potential therapeutic efficacy for infections with drug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenbin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xin-Zhan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingyi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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2
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Turuvekere Vittala Murthy N, Vlasova K, Renner J, Jozic A, Sahay G. A new era of targeting cystic fibrosis with non-viral delivery of genomic medicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115305. [PMID: 38626860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex genetic respiratory disorder that necessitates innovative gene delivery strategies to address the mutations in the gene. This review delves into the promises and challenges of non-viral gene delivery for CF therapy and explores strategies to overcome these hurdles. Several emerging technologies and nucleic acid cargos for CF gene therapy are discussed. Novel formulation approaches including lipid and polymeric nanoparticles promise enhanced delivery through the CF mucus barrier, augmenting the potential of non-viral strategies. Additionally, safety considerations and regulatory perspectives play a crucial role in navigating the path toward clinical translation of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kseniia Vlasova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jonas Renner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Antony Jozic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robertson Life Sciences Building, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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3
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Wu M, Chen JH. CFTR dysfunction leads to defective bacterial eradication on cystic fibrosis airways. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1385661. [PMID: 38699141 PMCID: PMC11063615 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1385661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel by genetic mutations causes the inherited disease cystic fibrosis (CF). CF lung disease that involves multiple disorders of epithelial function likely results from loss of CFTR function as an anion channel conducting chloride and bicarbonate ions and its function as a cellular regulator modulating the activity of membrane and cytosol proteins. In the absence of CFTR activity, abundant mucus accumulation, bacterial infection and inflammation characterize CF airways, in which inflammation-associated tissue remodeling and damage gradually destroys the lung. Deciphering the link between CFTR dysfunction and bacterial infection in CF airways may reveal the pathogenesis of CF lung disease and guide the development of new treatments. Research efforts towards this goal, including high salt, low volume, airway surface liquid acidosis and abnormal mucus hypotheses are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeng-Haur Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Trognon J, Rima M, Lajoie B, Roques C, El Garah F. NaCl-induced modulation of species distribution in a mixed P. aeruginosa / S. aureus / B.cepacia biofilm. Biofilm 2023; 6:100153. [PMID: 37711514 PMCID: PMC10497989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Burkholderia cepacia are notorious pathogens known for their ability to form resilient biofilms, particularly within the lung environment of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The heightened concentration of NaCl, prevalent in the airway liquid of CF patients' lungs, has been identified as a factor that promotes the growth of osmotolerant bacteria like S. aureus and dampens host antibacterial defenses, thereby fostering favorable conditions for infections. In this study, we aimed to investigate how increased NaCl concentrations impact the development of multi-species biofilms in vitro, using both laboratory strains and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and B. cepacia co-cultures. Employing a low-nutrient culture medium that fosters biofilm growth of the selected species, we quantified biofilm formation through a combination of adherent CFU counts, qPCR analysis, and confocal microscopy observations. Our findings reaffirmed the challenges faced by S. aureus in establishing growth within 1:1 mixed biofilms with P. aeruginosa when cultivated in a minimal medium. Intriguingly, at an elevated NaCl concentration of 145 mM, a symbiotic relationship emerged between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, enabling their co-existence. Notably, this hyperosmotic environment also exerted an influence on the interplay of these two bacteria with B. cepacia. We demonstrated that elevated NaCl concentrations play a pivotal role in orchestrating the distribution of these three species within the biofilm matrix. Furthermore, our study unveiled the beneficial impact of NaCl on the biofilm growth of clinically relevant mucoid P. aeruginosa strains, as well as two strains of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. This underscores the crucial role of the microenvironment during the colonization and infection processes. The results suggest that hyperosmotic conditions could hold the key to unlocking a deeper understanding of the genesis and behavior of CF multi-species biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Trognon
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maya Rima
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Barbora Lajoie
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Roques
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de Bactériologie Hygiène, Toulouse, France
| | - Fatima El Garah
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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5
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Earle K, Valero C, Conn DP, Vere G, Cook PC, Bromley MJ, Bowyer P, Gago S. Pathogenicity and virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus. Virulence 2023; 14:2172264. [PMID: 36752587 PMCID: PMC10732619 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2172264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary infections caused by the mould pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Compromised lung defences arising from immunosuppression, chronic respiratory conditions or more recently, concomitant viral or bacterial pulmonary infections are recognised risks factors for the development of pulmonary aspergillosis. In this review, we will summarise our current knowledge of the mechanistic basis of pulmonary aspergillosis with a focus on emerging at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh Earle
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Clara Valero
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel P. Conn
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - George Vere
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Peter C. Cook
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael J. Bromley
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Bowyer
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sara Gago
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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6
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Skłodowski K, Suprewicz Ł, Chmielewska-Deptuła SJ, Kaliniak S, Okła S, Zakrzewska M, Minarowski Ł, Mróz R, Daniluk T, Savage PB, Fiedoruk K, Bucki R. Ceragenins exhibit bactericidal properties that are independent of the ionic strength in the environment mimicking cystic fibrosis sputum. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1290952. [PMID: 38045035 PMCID: PMC10693459 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1290952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the work was to investigate the impact of sodium chloride (NaCl) on the antimicrobial efficacy of ceragenins (CSAs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against bacterial and fungal pathogens associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections. CF-associated bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ochrobactrum spp., and Staphylococcus aureus), and fungal pathogens (Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis) were used as target organisms for ceragenins (CSA-13 and CSA-131) and AMPs (LL-37 and omiganan). Susceptibility to the tested compounds was assessed using minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), as well as by colony counting assays in CF sputum samples supplemented with various concentrations of NaCl. Our results demonstrated that ceragenins exhibit potent antimicrobial activity in CF sputum regardless of the NaCl concentration when compared to LL-37 and omiganan. Given the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of ceragenins in the microenvironments mimicking the airways of CF patients, ceragenins might be promising agents in managing CF disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Skłodowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Sławomir Okła
- Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Health Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zakrzewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Minarowski
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Mróz
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paul B. Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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7
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Yanda MK, Zeidan A, Ciobanu C, Izzi J, Guggino WB, Cebotaru L. Transduction of Ferret Surface and Basal Cells of Airways, Lung, Liver, and Pancreas via Intratracheal or Intravenous Delivery of Adeno-Associated Virus 1 or 6. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:1135-1144. [PMID: 37650819 PMCID: PMC10659021 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is potentially treatable by gene therapy. Since the identification of the CF gene, preclinical and clinical trials have concentrated on achieving effective gene therapy targeting the lung. However, the lung has proven to be a formidable barrier to successful gene therapy especially for CF, and many clinical trials failed to achieve efficacy. Recent advances in vector design and adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes have increased the chances of success. Given that CF is a multi-organ disease, the goal of this study was to test whether a gene therapy approach involving AAV1 or AAV6 vector delivery via the systemic circulation would at the same time overcome the barrier of lung delivery and transduce organs commonly affected by CF. To accomplish this, we sprayed AAV1 containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the trachea or injected it intravenously (IV). We also tested AAV6 injected IV. No adverse events were noted. Ferrets were necropsied 30 days after vector delivery. AAV1 or AAV6 vector genomes, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and GFP were detected in all the tracheal and lung samples from the treated animals, whether AAV1 was sprayed into the trachea or injected IV or AAV6 was injected IV. Importantly, both surface epithelial and basal cells of the trachea and lung airways were successfully transduced, regardless of which route of delivery or vector serotype used for transduction. We detected also AAV1 and AAV6 vector genomes, mRNA expression, and GFP in the livers and pancreases, particularly in the acinar cells of the pancreatic duct. These data suggest that gene transfer is attainable in the airways, liver, and pancreas using either serotype, AAV1 or AAV6. Given that these same organs are affected in CF, systemic delivery of AAV may be the preferred route of delivery for a gene therapy for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali K. Yanda
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adi Zeidan
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cristian Ciobanu
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Izzi
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William B. Guggino
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Liudmila Cebotaru
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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8
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Pellielo G, Agyapong ED, Pinton P, Rimessi A. Control of mitochondrial functions by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 377:19-43. [PMID: 37268349 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease characterized by mutations of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which lead to a dysfunctional chloride and bicarbonate channel. Abnormal mucus viscosity, persistent infections and hyperinflammation that preferentially affect the airways, referred to the pathogenesis of CF lung disease. It has largely demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) represents the most important pathogen that affect CF patients, leading to worsen inflammation by stimulating pro-inflammatory mediators release and tissue destruction. The conversion to mucoid phenotype and formation of biofilms, together with the increased frequency of mutations, are only few changes that characterize the P. aeruginosa's evolution during CF lung chronic infection. Recently, mitochondria received increasing attention due to their involvement in inflammatory-related diseases, including in CF. Alteration of mitochondrial homeostasis is sufficient to stimulate immune response. Exogenous or endogenous stimuli that perturb mitochondrial activity are used by cells, which, through the mitochondrial stress, potentiate immunity programs. Studies show the relationship between mitochondria and CF, supporting the idea that mitochondrial dysfunction endorses the exacerbation of inflammatory responses in CF lung. In particular, evidences suggest that mitochondria in CF airway cells are more susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection, with consequent detrimental effects that lead to amplify the inflammatory signals. This review discusses the evolution of P. aeruginosa in relationship with the pathogenesis of CF, a fundamental step to establish chronic infection in CF lung disease. Specifically, we focus on the role of P. aeruginosa in the exacerbation of inflammatory response, by triggering mitochondria in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pellielo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Esther Densu Agyapong
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Center of research for innovative therapies in cystic fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Center of research for innovative therapies in cystic fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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9
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Thornton CS, Parkins MD. Microbial Epidemiology of the Cystic Fibrosis Airways: Past, Present, and Future. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 44:269-286. [PMID: 36623820 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Progressive obstructive lung disease secondary to chronic airway infection, coupled with impaired host immunity, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Classical pathogens found in the airways of persons with CF (pwCF) include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia cepacia complex, Achromobacter species, and Haemophilus influenzae. While traditional respiratory-tract surveillance culturing has focused on this limited range of pathogens, the use of both comprehensive culture and culture-independent molecular approaches have demonstrated complex highly personalized microbial communities. Loss of bacterial community diversity and richness, counteracted with relative increases in dominant taxa by traditional CF pathogens such as Burkholderia or Pseudomonas, have long been considered the hallmark of disease progression. Acquisition of these classic pathogens is viewed as a harbinger of advanced disease and postulated to be driven in part by recurrent and frequent antibiotic exposure driven by frequent acute pulmonary exacerbations. Recently, CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators, small molecules designed to potentiate or restore diminished protein levels/function, have been successfully developed and have profoundly influenced disease course. Despite the multitude of clinical benefits, structural lung damage and consequent chronic airway infection persist in pwCF. In this article, we review the microbial epidemiology of pwCF, focus on our evolving understanding of these infections in the era of modulators, and identify future challenges in infection surveillance and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Thornton
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael D Parkins
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Pereira R, Barbosa T, Cardoso AL, Sá R, Sousa M. Cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia: Similarities and differences. Respir Med 2023; 209:107169. [PMID: 36828173 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) and Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are both rare chronic diseases, inherited disorders associated with multiple complications, namely respiratory complications, due to impaired mucociliary clearance that affect severely patients' lives. Although both are classified as rare diseases, PCD has a much lower prevalence than CF, particularly among Caucasians. As a result, CF is well studied, better recognized by clinicians, and with some therapeutic approaches already available. Whereas PCD is still largely unknown, and thus the approach is based on consensus guidelines, expert opinion, and extrapolation from the larger evidence base available for patients with CF. Both diseases have some clinical similarities but are very different, necessitating different treatment by specialists who are familiar with the complexities of each disease.This review aims to provide an overview of the knowledge about the two diseases with a focus on the similarities and differences between both in terms of disease mechanisms, common clinical manifestations, genetics and the most relevant therapeutic options. We hoped to raise clinical awareness about PCD, what it is, how it differs from CF, and how much information is still lacking. Furthermore, this review emphasises the fact that both diseases require ongoing research to find better treatments and, in particular for PCD, to fill the medical and scientific gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Pereira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Telma Barbosa
- UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pediatrics, Maternal Child Centre of the North (CMIN), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Largo da Maternidade, 4050-371, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Lúcia Cardoso
- UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pediatrics, Maternal Child Centre of the North (CMIN), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Largo da Maternidade, 4050-371, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosália Sá
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mário Sousa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
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11
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Xu Y, Parra-Ortiz E, Wan F, Cañadas O, Garcia-Alvarez B, Thakur A, Franzyk H, Pérez-Gil J, Malmsten M, Foged C. Insights into the mechanisms of interaction between inhalable lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles and pulmonary surfactant. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:511-525. [PMID: 36463820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) using nanoparticle-based delivery systems is promising for local treatment of respiratory diseases. We designed dry powder inhaler formulations of siRNA-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) with aerosolization properties optimized for inhalation therapy. Interactions between LPNs and pulmonary surfactant (PS) determine the fate of inhaled LPNs, but interaction mechanisms are unknown. Here we used surface-sensitive techniques to study how physicochemical properties and pathological microenvironments influence interactions between siRNA-loaded LPNs and supported PS layers. PS was deposited on SiO2 surfaces as single bilayer or multilayers and characterized using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection. Immobilization of PS as multilayers, resembling the structural PS organization in the alveolar subphase, effectively reduced the relative importance of interactions between PS and the underlying surface. However, the binding affinity between PS and LPNs was identical in the two models. The physicochemical LPN properties influenced the translocation pathways and retention time of LPNs. Membrane fluidity and electrostatic interactions were decisive for the interaction strength between LPNs and PS. Experimental conditions reflecting pathological microenvironments promoted LPN deposition. Hence, these results shed new light on design criteria for LPN transport through the air-blood barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Elisa Parra-Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Olga Cañadas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Garcia-Alvarez
- Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aneesh Thakur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Physical Chemistry 1, University of Lund, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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12
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Harcourt-Smith EA, Krstic ET, Soekov-Pearce BJ, Colella AD, Chegeni N, Chataway TK, Woods CM, Aliakbari K, Carney AS. The Nasal Innate Immune Proteome After Saline Irrigation: A Pilot Study in Healthy Individuals. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2023:19458924231159176. [PMID: 36847244 DOI: 10.1177/19458924231159176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown diminished nasal immune function following nasal saline irrigation (NSI), returning to baseline at 6 hours. The aim of this study was to examine the immune nasal proteome before and after 14 days of nasal irrigation. METHODS Seventeen healthy volunteers received either isotonic (IsoSal) or low salt (LowNa) NSI. Nasal secretions were collected before and 30 min after NSI at baseline and again after 14 days. Specimens were analyzed using mass spectrometry to detect proteins of relevance to nasal immune function. RESULTS One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five proteins were identified with significant changes in 71 proteins, of which 23 were identified as part of the innate immune system. Baseline analysis demonstrated an increase of 9 innate proteins after NSI, most after IsoSal. After 14 days, a greater increase in innate peptides was present, with most now in the LowNa group. When NSI solutions were compared, a significant increase in 4 innate proteins, including a 211% in lysozyme, was detected in the LowNa group. CONCLUSION LowNa NSI demonstrates evidence of improving the innate immune secretions, especially lysozyme, in healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emerson T Krstic
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | | | - Alex D Colella
- Proteomics Facility, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Nusha Chegeni
- Proteomics Facility, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy K Chataway
- Proteomics Facility, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Charmaine M Woods
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Kamelya Aliakbari
- Proteomics Facility, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - A Simon Carney
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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13
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Lindgren NR, McDaniel MS, Novak L, Swords WE. Acute polymicrobial airway infections: analysis in cystic fibrosis mice. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169:001290. [PMID: 36748431 PMCID: PMC9993112 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting epithelial ion transport, which among other impacts results in defective mucociliary clearance and innate defenses in the respiratory tract. Consequently, people with CF experience lifelong infections of the respiratory mucosa that are chronic and polymicrobial in nature. Young children with CF are initially colonized by opportunists like nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), which normally resides within the microbiome of the nasopharynx and upper airways and can also cause infections of the respiratory mucosa that include bronchitis and otitis media. NTHi is typically supplanted by other microbes as patients age; for example, people with CF are often chronically infected with mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which prior work in our laboratory has shown to promote colonization and persistence by other opportunists that include Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Our previous work has shown that polymicrobial infection impacts host colonization and persistence of incoming microbes via diverse mechanisms that include priming of host immunity that can promote microbial clearance, and cooperativity within polymicrobial biofilms, which can promote persistence. In infection studies with BALB/c Cftrtm1UNC mice, results showed, as previously observed for WT BALB/c mice, preceding infection with NTHi decreased colonization and persistence by P. aeruginosa. Likewise, polymicrobial infection of BALB/c Cftrtm1UNC and C57BL/6 Cftrtm1UncTg(FABPhCFTR)1Jaw/J mice showed correlation between S. maltophilia and P. aeruginosa, with increased bacterial colonization and lung pathology. Based on these results, we conclude that our previous observations regarding polymicrobial infections with CF opportunists in WT mice are also validated using CF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Lindgren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Melissa S McDaniel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Lea Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - W Edward Swords
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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14
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Zeng ZW, Linsdell P, Pomès R. Molecular dynamics study of Cl - permeation through cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:51. [PMID: 36694009 PMCID: PMC9873711 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04621-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The recent elucidation of atomistic structures of Cl- channel CFTR provides opportunities for understanding the molecular basis of cystic fibrosis. Despite having been activated through phosphorylation and provided with ATP ligands, several near-atomistic cryo-EM structures of CFTR are in a closed state, as inferred from the lack of a continuous passage through a hydrophobic bottleneck region located in the extracellular portion of the pore. Here, we present repeated, microsecond-long molecular dynamics simulations of human CFTR solvated in a lipid bilayer and aqueous NaCl. At equilibrium, Cl- ions enter the channel through a lateral intracellular portal and bind to two distinct cationic sites inside the channel pore but do not traverse the narrow, de-wetted bottleneck. Simulations conducted in the presence of a strong hyperpolarizing electric field led to spontaneous Cl- translocation events through the bottleneck region of the channel, suggesting that the protein relaxed to a functionally open state. Conformational changes of small magnitude involving transmembrane helices 1 and 6 preceded ion permeation through diverging exit routes at the extracellular end of the pore. The pore bottleneck undergoes wetting prior to Cl- translocation, suggesting that it acts as a hydrophobic gate. Although permeating Cl- ions remain mostly hydrated, partial dehydration occurs at the binding sites and in the bottleneck. The observed Cl- pathway is largely consistent with the loci of mutations that alter channel conductance, anion binding, and ion selectivity, supporting the model of the open state of CFTR obtained in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wei Zeng
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Paul Linsdell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Régis Pomès
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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15
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Rehman T, Karp PH, Thurman AL, Mather SE, Jain A, Cooney AL, Sinn PL, Pezzulo AA, Duffey ME, Welsh MJ. WNK Inhibition Increases Surface Liquid pH and Host Defense in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:491-502. [PMID: 35849656 PMCID: PMC9564924 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0172oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF), reduced HCO3- secretion acidifies the airway surface liquid (ASL), and the acidic pH disrupts host defenses. Thus, understanding the control of ASL pH (pHASL) in CF may help identify novel targets and facilitate therapeutic development. In diverse epithelia, the WNK (with-no-lysine [K]) kinases coordinate HCO3- and Cl- transport, but their functions in airway epithelia are poorly understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that WNK kinases regulate CF pHASL. In primary cultures of differentiated human airway epithelia, inhibiting WNK kinases acutely increased both CF and non-CF pHASL. This response was HCO3- dependent and involved downstream SPAK/OSR1 (Ste20/SPS1-related proline-alanine-rich protein kinase/oxidative stress responsive 1 kinase). Importantly, WNK inhibition enhanced key host defenses otherwise impaired in CF. Human airway epithelia expressed two WNK isoforms in secretory cells and ionocytes, and knockdown of either WNK1 or WNK2 increased CF pHASL. WNK inhibition decreased Cl- secretion and the response to bumetanide, an NKCC1 (sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter 1) inhibitor. Surprisingly, bumetanide alone or basolateral Cl- substitution also alkalinized CF pHASL. These data suggest that WNK kinases influence the balance between transepithelial Cl- versus HCO3- secretion. Moreover, reducing basolateral Cl- entry may increase HCO3- secretion and raise pHASL, thereby improving CF host defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip H. Karp
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael E. Duffey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Michael J. Welsh
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; and
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16
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Li G, Wang Q, Feng J, Wang J, Wang Y, Huang X, Shao T, Deng X, Cao Y, Zhou M, Zhao C. Recent insights into the role of defensins in diabetic wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113694. [PMID: 36099789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wound, one of the most common serious complications of diabetic patients, is an important factor in disability and death. Much of the research on the pathophysiology of diabetic wound healing has long focused on mechanisms mediated by hyperglycemia, chronic inflammation, microcirculatory and macrocirculatory dysfunction. However, recent evidence suggests that defensins may play a crucial role in the development and perpetuation of diabetic wound healing. The available findings suggest that defensins exert a beneficial influence on diabetic wound healing through antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, tissue regenerator effects, and insulin resistance improvement. Therefore, summarizing the existing research progress on defensins in the diabetic wound may present a promising strategy for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiawei Feng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tengteng Shao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xiaofei Deng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yemin Cao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
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17
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Figueira MF, Ribeiro CMP, Button B. Mucus-targeting therapies of defective mucus clearance for cystic fibrosis: A short review. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 65:102248. [PMID: 35689870 PMCID: PMC9891491 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the lungs, defective CFTR associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) represents the nidus for abnormal mucus clearance in the airways and consequently a progressive lung disease. Defective CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion results in altered mucus properties, including concentration, viscoelasticity, and the ratio of the two mucins, MUC5B and MUC5AC. In the past decades, therapies targeting the CF mucus defect, directly or indirectly, have been developed; nevertheless, better treatments to prevent the disease progression are still needed. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on the defective mucus in CF disease and highlights it as a barrier to the development of future inhaled genetic therapies. The use of new mucus-targeting treatments is also discussed, focusing on their potential role to halt the progress of CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Frankenthal Figueira
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Carla M. P. Ribeiro
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
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18
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Simonin JL, Luscher A, Losa D, Badaoui M, van Delden C, Köhler T, Chanson M. Surface Hydration Protects Cystic Fibrosis Airways from Infection by Restoring Junctional Networks. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091587. [PMID: 35563895 PMCID: PMC9105190 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective hydration of airway surface mucosa is associated with recurrent lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease caused by CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations. Whether the composition and/or presence of an airway surface liquid (ASL) is sufficient to prevent infection remains unclear. The susceptibility to infection of polarized wild type and CFTR knockdown (CFTR-KD) airway epithelial cells was determined in the presence or absence of a healthy ASL or physiological saline. CFTR-KD epithelia exhibited strong ASL volume reduction, enhanced susceptibility to infection, and reduced junctional integrity. Interestingly, the presence of an apical physiological saline alleviated disruption of the airway epithelial barrier by stimulating essential junctional protein expression. Thus, rehydrated CFTR-KD cells were protected from infection despite normally intense bacterial growth. This study indicates that an epithelial integrity gatekeeper is modulated by the presence of an apical liquid volume, irrespective of the liquid's composition and of expression of a functional CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette L. Simonin
- Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.L.S.); (D.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Alexandre Luscher
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.L.); (C.v.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Davide Losa
- Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.L.S.); (D.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Mehdi Badaoui
- Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.L.S.); (D.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Christian van Delden
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.L.); (C.v.D.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medicine Specialties, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Köhler
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.L.); (C.v.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Marc Chanson
- Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.L.S.); (D.L.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +41-22-37-95-206
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19
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Liu L, Yamamoto A, Yamaguchi M, Taniguchi I, Nomura N, Nakakuki M, Kozawa Y, Fukuyasu T, Higuchi M, Niwa E, Tamada T, Ishiguro H. Bicarbonate transport of airway surface epithelia in luminally perfused mice bronchioles. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:4. [PMID: 35196991 PMCID: PMC10717372 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
HCO3- secretion in distal airways is critical for airway mucosal defense. HCO3-/H+ transport across the apical membrane of airway surface epithelial cells was studied by measuring intracellular pH in luminally microperfused freshly dissected mice bronchioles. Functional studies demonstrated that CFTR, ENaC, Cl--HCO3- exchange, Na+-H+ exchange, and Na+-HCO3- cotransport are involved in apical HCO3-/H+ transport. RT-PCR of isolated bronchioles detected fragments from Cftr, α, β, γ subunits of ENaC, Ae2, Ae3, NBCe1, NBCe2, NBCn1, NDCBE, NBCn2, Nhe1, Nhe2, Nhe4, Nhe5, Slc26a4, Slc26a6, and Slc26a9. We assume that continuous decline of intracellular pH following alkaline load demonstrates time course of HCO3- secretion into the lumen which is perfused with a HCO3--free solution. Forskolin-stimulated HCO3- secretion was substantially inhibited by luminal application of CFTRinh-172 (5 μM), H2DIDS (200 μM), and amiloride (1 μM). In bronchioles from a cystic fibrosis mouse model, basal and acetylcholine-stimulated HCO3- secretion was substantially impaired, but forskolin transiently accelerated HCO3- secretion of which the magnitude was comparable to wild-type bronchioles. In conclusion, we have characterized apical HCO3-/H+ transport in native bronchioles. We have demonstrated that cAMP-mediated and Ca2+-mediated pathways are involved in HCO3- secretion and that apical HCO3- secretion is largely mediated by CFTR and H2DIDS-sensitive Cl--HCO3- exchanger, most likely Slc26a9. The impairment of HCO3- secretion in bronchioles from a cystic fibrosis mouse model may be related to the pathogenesis of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamamoto
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamaguchi
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Itsuka Taniguchi
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nao Nomura
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nakakuki
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Kozawa
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Fukuyasu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mayuko Higuchi
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Erina Niwa
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishiguro
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness, and Sports, Nagoya University, Furo-cho E5-2 (130), Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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20
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Flores-Vega VR, Vargas-Roldán SY, Lezana-Fernández JL, Lascurain R, Santos-Preciado JI, Rosales-Reyes R. Bacterial Subversion of Autophagy in Cystic Fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:760922. [PMID: 34692569 PMCID: PMC8531276 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.760922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease affecting more than 70,000 people worldwide. It is caused by a mutation in the cftr gene, a chloride ion transporter localized in the plasma membrane of lung epithelial cells and other organs. The loss of CFTR function alters chloride, bicarbonate, and water transport through the plasma membrane, promoting the production of a thick and sticky mucus in which bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia can produce chronic infections that eventually decrease the lung function and increase the risk of mortality. Autophagy is a well-conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that mediates pathogen clearance and plays an important role in the control of bacterial infections. In this mini-review, we describe the principal strategies used by P. aeruginosa and B. cenocepacia to survive and avoid microbicidal mechanisms within the autophagic pathway leading to the establishment of chronic inflammatory immune responses that gradually compromise the lung function and the life of CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Roxana Flores-Vega
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Yalid Vargas-Roldán
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Lezana-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Respiratoria y la Clínica de Fibrosis Quística, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.,Dirección Médica, Asociación Mexicana de Fibrosis Quística, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Lascurain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Ignacio Santos-Preciado
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Rosales-Reyes
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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Malagutti N, Fancello V, Cariani A, Battistini F, Fabbri C, Di Laora A, Valpiani G, Morotti C, Iannini V, Borin M, Ravani A, Bianchini C, Ciorba A, Stomeo F, Pelucchi S. Ion concentrations in nasal airway surface liquid: a prediction model for the identification of cystic fibrosis carriers. Rhinology 2021; 59:470-474. [PMID: 34398939 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers seem to have a higher risk to develop chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS), although the full underlying mechanisms are unknown. Ion concentrations in nasal airway surface liquid (ASL) may be influenced by the heterozygosity for CF gene mutation, with possible impacts on the development of CRS. METHODS A cheap and feasible standardized technique was designed to measure the ion levels in nasal ASL. With this purpose we collected, under basal conditions, samples from the nasal cavity of 165 adults: 14 homozygous for CF, 83 carriers and 68 healthy controls. Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) concentrations were then evaluated among different groups. RESULTS Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference of Na and Cl values between controls and carriers and between controls and homozygotes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and derived indicators (Youden's index and Area Under the Curve, AUC) were used to further evaluate the diagnostic capability of Na and Cl concentrations to differentiate heterozygotes from controls. ROC curves demonstrated that the optimal diagnostic cut-off value of Na is at 124, and the optimal cut-off value of Cl is at 103,2. CONCLUSION ASL sampling can be considered a new diagnostic tool for providing quantitative information on nasal ion composition. According to our findings, Na and Cl concentrations of nasal ASL could represent a useful tool to assess heterozygotes and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Malagutti
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Fancello
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Cariani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Battistini
- Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - C Fabbri
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Di Laora
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Valpiani
- Research Innovation Office, S. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Morotti
- Research Innovation Office, S. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Iannini
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Borin
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Ravani
- Unit of Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bianchini
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Ciorba
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Stomeo
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Pelucchi
- ENT and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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22
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Harris A. Human molecular genetics and the long road to treating cystic fibrosis. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:R264-R273. [PMID: 34245257 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative gene in cystic fibrosis was identified in 1989, three years before the publication of the first issue of Human Molecular Genetics. CFTR was among the first genes underlying a common inherited disorder to be cloned, and hence its subsequent utilization towards a cure for CF provides a roadmap for other monogenic diseases. Over the past 30 years the advances that built upon knowledge of the gene and the CFTR protein to develop effective therapeutics have been remarkable, and yet the setbacks have also been challenging. Technological progress in other fields has often circumvented the barriers. This review focuses on key aspects of CF diagnostics and current approaches to develop new therapies for all CFTR mutations. It also highlights the major research advances that underpinned progress towards treatments, and considers the remaining obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Harris
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
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23
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Gan BH, Gaynord J, Rowe SM, Deingruber T, Spring DR. The multifaceted nature of antimicrobial peptides: current synthetic chemistry approaches and future directions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7820-7880. [PMID: 34042120 PMCID: PMC8689412 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00729c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by 'superbugs' are increasing globally, and conventional antibiotics are becoming less effective against these bacteria, such that we risk entering a post-antibiotic era. In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained significant attention for their clinical potential as a new class of antibiotics to combat antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we discuss several facets of AMPs including their diversity, physicochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and effects of environmental factors on these features. This review outlines various chemical synthetic strategies that have been applied to develop novel AMPs, including chemical modifications of existing peptides, semi-synthesis, and computer-aided design. We will also highlight novel AMP structures, including hybrids, antimicrobial dendrimers and polypeptides, peptidomimetics, and AMP-drug conjugates and consider recent developments in their chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ha Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Josephine Gaynord
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Sam M Rowe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Tomas Deingruber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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24
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Bhardwaj S, Bhatia S, Singh S, Franco Jr F. Growing emergence of drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and attenuation of its virulence using quorum sensing inhibitors: A critical review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:699-719. [PMID: 34630947 PMCID: PMC8487598 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.49151.11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A perilous increase in the number of bacterial infections has led to developing throngs of antibiotics for increasing the quality and expectancy of life. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is becoming resistant to all known conventional antimicrobial agents thereby posing a deadly threat to the human population. Nowadays, targeting virulence traits of infectious agents is an alternative approach to antimicrobials that is gaining much popularity to fight antimicrobial resistance. Quorum sensing (QS) involves interspecies communication via a chemical signaling pathway. Under this mechanism, cells work in a concerted manner, communicate with each other with the help of signaling molecules called auto-inducers (AI). The virulence of these strains is driven by genes, whose expression is regulated by AI, which in turn acts as transcriptional activators. Moreover, the problem of antibiotic-resistance in case of infections caused by P. aeruginosa becomes more alarming among immune-compromised patients, where the infectious agents easily take over the cellular machinery of the host while hidden in the QS mediated biofilms. Inhibition of the QS circuit of P. aeruginosa by targeting various signaling pathways such as LasR, RhlR, Pqs, and QScR transcriptional proteins will help in blocking downstream signal transducers which could result in reducing the bacterial virulence. The anti-virulence agent does not pose an immediate selective pressure on growing bacterium and thus reduces the pathogenicity without harming the target species. Here, we review exclusively, the growing emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and the critical literature survey of QS inhibitors with their potential application of blocking P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Shaminder Singh
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Francisco Franco Jr
- Department of Chemistry, De La Salle University, Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines
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25
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Badaoui M, Zoso A, Idris T, Bacchetta M, Simonin J, Lemeille S, Wehrle-Haller B, Chanson M. Vav3 Mediates Pseudomonas aeruginosa Adhesion to the Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelium. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107842. [PMID: 32640241 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) represents the leading cause of airway infection in cystic fibrosis (CF). Early airways colonization can be explained by enhanced adhesion of Pa to the respiratory epithelium. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on fully differentiated primary cultures of airway epithelial cells from CF and non-CF donors predict that VAV3, β1 INTEGRIN, and FIBRONECTIN genes are significantly enriched in CF. Indeed, Vav3 is apically overexpressed in CF, associates with active β1 integrin luminally exposed, and increases fibronectin deposition. These luminal microdomains, rich in fibronectin and β1 integrin and regulated by Vav3, mediate the increased Pa adhesion to the CF epithelium. Interestingly, Vav3 inhibition normalizes the CF-dependent fibronectin and β1-integrin ectopic expression, improves the CF epithelial integrity, and prevents the enhanced Pa trapping to the CF epithelium. Through its capacity to promote a luminal complex with active β1 integrin and fibronectin that favors bacteria trapping, Vav3 may represent a new target in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Badaoui
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Alice Zoso
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Tahir Idris
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bacchetta
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Simonin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Lemeille
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Marc Chanson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
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26
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Huang Z, Kłodzińska SN, Wan F, Nielsen HM. Nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary drug delivery: state of the art towards efficient treatment of recalcitrant respiratory tract bacterial infections. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1634-1654. [PMID: 33694082 PMCID: PMC7945609 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recalcitrant respiratory tract infections caused by bacteria have emerged as one of the greatest health challenges worldwide. Aerosolized antimicrobial therapy is becoming increasingly attractive to combat such infections, as it allows targeted delivery of high drug concentrations to the infected organ while limiting systemic exposure. However, successful aerosolized antimicrobial therapy is still challenged by the diverse biological barriers in infected lungs. Nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary drug delivery is gaining increasing attention as a means to overcome the biological barriers and accomplish site-specific drug delivery by controlling release of the loaded drug(s) at the target site. With the aim to summarize emerging efforts in combating respiratory tract infections by using nanoparticle-mediated pulmonary delivery strategies, this review provides a brief introduction to the bacterial infection-related pulmonary diseases and the biological barriers for effective treatment of recalcitrant respiratory tract infections. This is followed by a summary of recent advances in design of inhalable nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems that overcome the biological barriers and increase drug bioavailability. Finally, challenges for the translation from exploratory laboratory research to clinical application are also discussed and potential solutions proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sylvia Natalie Kłodzińska
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Feng Wan
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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27
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Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM, Bordea IR, Malcangi G, Xhajanka E, Scarano A, Lorusso F, Farronato M, Tartaglia GM, Isacco CG, Marinelli G, D’Oria MT, Hazballa D, Santacroce L, Ballini A, Contaldo M, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. SARS-CoV-2 Disease Adjuvant Therapies and Supplements Breakthrough for the Infection Prevention. Microorganisms 2021; 9:525. [PMID: 33806624 PMCID: PMC7999785 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is a high-risk viral agent involved in the recent pandemic stated worldwide by the World Health Organization. The infection is correlated to a severe systemic and respiratory disease in many cases, which is clinically treated with a multi-drug pharmacological approach. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate through a literature overview the effect of adjuvant therapies and supplements for the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The research has analyzed the advantage of the EK1C4, by also assessing the studies on the resveratrol, vitamin D, and melatonin as adjuvant supplements for long hauler patients' prognosis. The evaluated substances reported important benefits for the improvement of the immune system and as a potential inhibitor molecules against SARS-CoV-2, highlighting the use of sartans as therapy. The adjuvant supplements seem to create an advantage for the healing of the long hauler patients affected by chronic symptoms of constant chest and heart pain, intestinal disorders, headache, difficulty concentrating, memory loss, and tachycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Edit Xhajanka
- Dental Prosthesis Department, Medical University of Tirana, UMT, Rruga e Dibrës, Tirana 1001, Albania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Marco Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Ciro Gargiulo Isacco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Human Stem Cells Research Center HSC of Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam
- Embryology and Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Pham Chau Trinh University of Medicine Hoi An, Hoi An 70000, Vietnam
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Maria Teresa D’Oria
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Via delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Udine, 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Kongresi Elbasanit, Rruga: Aqif Pasha, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Campus Universitario, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luigi de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
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28
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Córdoba-Castro LA, Salgado-Morales R, Torres M, Martínez-Aguilar L, Lozano L, Vences-Guzmán MÁ, Guan Z, Dantán-González E, Serrano M, Sohlenkamp C. Ornithine Lipids in Burkholderia spp. Pathogenicity. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:610932. [PMID: 33469548 PMCID: PMC7814305 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.610932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Burkholderia sensu lato is composed of a diverse and metabolically versatile group of bacterial species. One characteristic thought to be unique for the genus Burkholderia is the presence of two forms each (with and without 2-hydroxylation) of the membrane lipids phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and ornithine lipids (OLs). Here, we show that only Burkholderia sensu stricto strains constitutively form OLs, whereas all other analyzed strains belonging to the Burkholderia sensu lato group constitutively form the two forms of PE, but no OLs. We selected two model bacteria to study the function of OL in Burkholderia sensu lato: (1) Burkholderia cenocepacia wild-type which constitutively forms OLs and its mutant deficient in the formation of OLs and (2) Robbsia andropogonis (formerly Burkholderia andropogonis) which does not form OL constitutively, and a derived strain constitutively forming OLs. Both were characterized under free-living conditions and during pathogenic interactions with their respective hosts. The absence of OLs in B. cenocepacia slightly affected bacterial growth under specific abiotic stress conditions such as high temperature and low pH. B. cenocepacia lacking OLs caused lower mortality in Galleria mellonella larvae while R. andropogonis constitutively forming OLs triggers an increased formation of reactive oxygen species immediately after infection of maize leaves, suggesting that OLs can have an important role during the activation of the innate immune response of eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz América Córdoba-Castro
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Salgado-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Martha Torres
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Lozano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Ziqiang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Edgar Dantán-González
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Christian Sohlenkamp
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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29
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary, multisystemic disease caused by different mutations in the CFTR gene encoding CF transmembrane conductance regulator. CF is mainly characterized by pulmonary dysfunction as a result of deterioration in the mucociliary clearance and anion transport of airways. Mortality is mostly caused by bronchiectasis, bronchiole obstruction, and progressive respiratory dysfunction in the early years of life. Over the last decade, new therapeutic strategies rather than symptomatic treatment have been proposed, such as the small molecule approach, ion channel therapy, and pulmonary gene therapy. Due to considerable progress in the treatment options, CF has become an adult disease rather than a pediatric disease in recent years. Pulmonary gene therapy has gained special attention due to its mutation type independent aspect, therefore being applicable to all CF patients. On the other hand, the major obstacle for CF treatment is to predict the drug response of patients due to genetic complexity and heterogeneity. The advancement of 3D culture systems has made it possible to extrapolate the disease modeling and individual drug response in vitro by producing mini adult organs called "organoids" obtained from rectal cell biopsies. In this review, we summarize the advances in the novel therapeutic approaches, clinical interventions, and precision medicine concept for CF.
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30
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Holani R, Babbar A, Blyth GAD, Lopes F, Jijon H, McKay DM, Hollenberg MD, Cobo ER. Cathelicidin-mediated lipopolysaccharide signaling via intracellular TLR4 in colonic epithelial cells evokes CXCL8 production. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1785802. [PMID: 32658599 PMCID: PMC7524372 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1785802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin has a physiological role in regulating gut inflammatory homeostasis. We determined that cathelicidin synergizes with LPS to facilitate its internalization and signaling via endosomic TLR4 in colonic epithelium, evoking synthesis of the human neutrophil chemoattractant, CXCL8 (or murine homolog, CXCL1). Interaction of cathelicidin with LPS in the control of CXCL8/CXCL1 synthesis was assessed in human colon epithelial cells, murine colonoids and cathelicidin-null mice (Camp-/- ). Mechanistically, human cathelicidin (LL-37), as an extracellular complex with LPS, interacted with lipid raft-associated GM1 gangliosides to internalize and activate intracellular TLR4. Two signaling pathways converged on CXCL8/CXCL1 production: (1) a p38MAPK-dependent pathway regulated by Src-EGFR kinases; and, (2) a p38MAPK-independent, NF-κB-dependent pathway, regulated by MEK1/2-MAPK. Increased cathelicidin-dependent CXCL8 secretion in the colonic mucosa activated human blood-derived neutrophils. These cathelicidin effects occurred in vitro at concentrations well below those needed for microbicidal function. The important immunomodulatory role of cathelicidins was evident in cathelicidin-null/Camp-/- mice, which had diminished colonic CXCL1 secretion, decreased neutrophil recruitment-activation and reduced bacterial clearance when challenged with the colitis-inducing murine pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. We conclude that in addition to its known microbicidal action, cathelicidin has a unique pathogen-sensing role, facilitating LPS-mediated intestinal responses, including the production of CXCL8/CXCL1 that would contribute to an integrated tissue response to recruit neutrophils during colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Holani
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anshu Babbar
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Graham A. D. Blyth
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Fernando Lopes
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Humberto Jijon
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Derek M. McKay
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Morley D. Hollenberg
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Eduardo R. Cobo
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada,CONTACT Eduardo R. Cobo Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, ABT2N 4N1, Canada
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31
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Oshalim M, Johansson E, Rabe H, Gilljam M, Lindblad A, Jönsson B. Th17 associated cytokines in sputum samples from patients with cystic fibrosis. Pathog Dis 2020; 78:ftaa050. [PMID: 32876666 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease leading to chronic bacterial airway infection and inflammation. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are identified by their production of interleukin (IL)-17A, which recruit neutrophils to the site of airway infection. IL-23 is an important inducer of IL-17 and IL-22 production. The aim of this study was to study the role of Th17 cells in CF airway infection by measuring the levels of Th17 associated cytokines in sputum from CF patients with or without airway infection and by comparison with non-CF-controls. In a cross-sectional screening study, cytokine levels were measured with a Th17 multiplex cytokine ELISA. Significantly lower levels of IL-17A and IL-23 were found in sputa from infected CF patients. The lowest levels of IL-17A were found in patients chronically infected with P. aeruginosa, which also had the lowest IL-17/IL-22 ratio, while children had a higher ratio. Children also had higher IL-23 levels than adults. IL-1ß and IL-10 were significantly lower in CF sputum compared to controls. Thus, in our study CF patients with chronic infections had a lower production of Th17 associated cytokines in sputum compared with non-infected CF patients and infected patient without CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merna Oshalim
- Department of infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ewa Johansson
- Department of infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hardis Rabe
- Department of infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marita Gilljam
- Department of Internal medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Respiratory medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
- Gothenburg CF Centre, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindblad
- Department of Paediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg CF Centre, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bodil Jönsson
- Department of infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Tanner L, Bhongir RKV, Karlsson CAQ, Le S, Ljungberg JK, Andersson P, Andersson C, Malmström J, Egesten A, Single AB. Citrullination of extracellular histone H3.1 reduces antibacterial activity and exacerbates its proteolytic degradation. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 20:346-355. [PMID: 32727663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF), involves excessive airway accumulation of neutrophils, often in parallel with severe infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Free histones are known to possess bactericidal properties, but the degree of antibacterial activity exerted on specific lung-based pathogens is largely unknown. Neutrophils have a high content of peptidyl deiminase 4 (PADI4), which citrullinate cationic peptidyl-arginines. In histone H3.1, several positions in the NH2-terminal tail are subject to citrullination. METHODS Full-length and segmented histone subunit H3.1 was investigated for bactericidal activity towards P. aeruginosa (strain PAO1). PADI4-induced citrullination of histone H3.1 was assessed for antibacterial activity towards P. aeruginosa. Next, the effect of neutrophil elastase (NE)-mediated proteolysis of histone H3.1 was investigated. Finally, PADI4, H3.1, and citrullinated H3.1 were examined in healthy control and CF patient lung tissues. RESULTS Full-length histone H3.1 and sections of the histone H3.1 tail, displayed bactericidal activity towards P. aeruginosa. These antibacterial effects were reduced following citrullination by PADI4 or proteolysis by NE. Interestingly, citrullination of histone H3.1 exacerbated NE-mediated degradation. In CF lung tissue, citrullinated histone H3.1 and PADI4 immunoreactivity was abundant. Degraded histone H3.1 was detected in the sputum of CF patients but was absent in the sputum of healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Citrullination impairs the antibacterial activity of histone H3.1 and exacerbates its proteolytic degradation by NE. Citrullination is likely to play an important role during resolution of acute inflammation. However, in chronic inflammation akin to CF, citrullination may dampen host defense and promote pathogen survival, as exemplified by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Tanner
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ravi K V Bhongir
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christofer A Q Karlsson
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandy Le
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johanna K Ljungberg
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pia Andersson
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Andersson
- Respiratory Cell Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Malmström
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrew B Single
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Pan X, Fan Z, Chen L, Liu C, Bai F, Wei Y, Tian Z, Dong Y, Shi J, Chen H, Jin Y, Cheng Z, Jin S, Lin J, Wu W. PvrA is a novel regulator that contributes to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis by controlling bacterial utilization of long chain fatty acids. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5967-5985. [PMID: 32406921 PMCID: PMC7293031 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During infection of a host, Pseudomonas aeruginosa orchestrates global gene expression to adapt to the host environment and counter the immune attacks. P. aeruginosa harbours hundreds of regulatory genes that play essential roles in controlling gene expression. However, their contributions to the bacterial pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we analysed the transcriptomic profile of P. aeruginosa cells isolated from lungs of infected mice and examined the roles of upregulated regulatory genes in bacterial virulence. Mutation of a novel regulatory gene pvrA (PA2957) attenuated the bacterial virulence in an acute pneumonia model. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-Seq and genetic analyses revealed that PvrA directly regulates genes involved in phosphatidylcholine utilization and fatty acid catabolism. Mutation of the pvrA resulted in defective bacterial growth when phosphatidylcholine or palmitic acid was used as the sole carbon source. We further demonstrated that palmitoyl coenzyme A is a ligand for the PvrA, enhancing the binding affinity of PvrA to its target promoters. An arginine residue at position 136 was found to be essential for PvrA to bind palmitoyl coenzyme A. Overall, our results revealed a novel regulatory pathway that controls genes involved in phosphatidylcholine and fatty acid utilization and contributes to the bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Science Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenyang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongxin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jianping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Blyth GAD, Connors L, Fodor C, Cobo ER. The Network of Colonic Host Defense Peptides as an Innate Immune Defense Against Enteropathogenic Bacteria. Front Immunol 2020; 11:965. [PMID: 32508838 PMCID: PMC7251035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defense peptides, abundantly secreted by colonic epithelial cells and leukocytes, are proposed to be critical components of an innate immune response in the colon against enteropathogenic bacteria, including Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Clostridium difficile, and attaching and effacing Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium. These short cationic peptides are bactericidal against both Gram-positive and -negative enteric pathogens, but may also exert killing effects on intestinal luminal microbiota. Simultaneously, these peptides modulate numerous cellular responses crucial for gut defenses, including leukocyte chemotaxis and migration, wound healing, cytokine production, cell proliferation, and pathogen sensing. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of expression, mechanisms of action and microbicidal and immunomodulatory functions of major colonic host defense peptides, namely cathelicidins, β-defensins, and members of the Regenerating islet-derived protein III (RegIII) and Resistin-like molecule (RELM) families. In a theoretical framework where these peptides work synergistically, aspects of pathogenesis of infectious colitis reviewed herein uncover roles of host defense peptides aimed to promote epithelial defenses and prevent pathogen colonization, mediated through a combination of direct antimicrobial function and fine-tuning of host immune response and inflammation. This interactive host defense peptide network may decode how the intestinal immune system functions to quickly clear infections, restore homeostasis and avoid damaging inflammation associated with pathogen persistence during infectious colitis. This information is of interest in development of host defense peptides (either alone or in combination with reduced doses of antibiotics) as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory therapeutics for controlling infectious colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham A D Blyth
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Liam Connors
- Bachelor of Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cristina Fodor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eduardo R Cobo
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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35
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Esther CR, Muhlebach MS, Ehre C, Hill DB, Wolfgang MC, Kesimer M, Ramsey KA, Markovetz MR, Garbarine IC, Forest MG, Seim I, Zorn B, Morrison CB, Delion MF, Thelin WR, Villalon D, Sabater JR, Turkovic L, Ranganathan S, Stick SM, Boucher RC. Mucus accumulation in the lungs precedes structural changes and infection in children with cystic fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/486/eaav3488. [PMID: 30944166 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although destructive airway disease is evident in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF), little is known about the nature of the early CF lung environment triggering the disease. To elucidate early CF pulmonary pathophysiology, we performed mucus, inflammation, metabolomic, and microbiome analyses on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 46 preschool children with CF enrolled in the Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for Cystic Fibrosis (AREST CF) program and 16 non-CF disease controls. Total airway mucins were elevated in CF compared to non-CF BALF irrespective of infection, and higher densities of mucus flakes containing mucin 5B and mucin 5AC were observed in samples from CF patients. Total mucins and mucus flakes correlated with inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. Many CF BALFs appeared sterile by culture and molecular analyses, whereas other samples exhibiting bacterial taxa associated with the oral cavity. Children without computed tomography-defined structural lung disease exhibited elevated BALF mucus flakes and neutrophils, but little/no bacterial infection. Although CF mucus flakes appeared "permanent" because they did not dissolve in dilute BALF matrix, they could be solubilized by a previously unidentified reducing agent (P2062), but not N-acetylcysteine or deoxyribonuclease. These findings indicate that early CF lung disease is characterized by an increased mucus burden and inflammatory markers without infection or structural lung disease and suggest that mucolytic and anti-inflammatory agents should be explored as preventive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Esther
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. .,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marianne S Muhlebach
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Camille Ehre
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - David B Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew C Wolfgang
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mehmet Kesimer
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kathryn A Ramsey
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Matthew R Markovetz
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ian C Garbarine
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - M Gregory Forest
- Departments of Mathematics, Biomedical Engineering, and Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ian Seim
- Departments of Mathematics, Biomedical Engineering, and Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryan Zorn
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cameron B Morrison
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Martial F Delion
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | | | - Juan R Sabater
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Lidija Turkovic
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen M Stick
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.,Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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36
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Lucas R, Hadizamani Y, Gonzales J, Gorshkov B, Bodmer T, Berthiaume Y, Moehrlen U, Lode H, Huwer H, Hudel M, Mraheil MA, Toque HAF, Chakraborty T, Hamacher J. Impact of Bacterial Toxins in the Lungs. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12040223. [PMID: 32252376 PMCID: PMC7232160 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial toxins play a key role in the pathogenesis of lung disease. Based on their structural and functional properties, they employ various strategies to modulate lung barrier function and to impair host defense in order to promote infection. Although in general, these toxins target common cellular signaling pathways and host compartments, toxin- and cell-specific effects have also been reported. Toxins can affect resident pulmonary cells involved in alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) and barrier function through impairing vectorial Na+ transport and through cytoskeletal collapse, as such, destroying cell-cell adhesions. The resulting loss of alveolar-capillary barrier integrity and fluid clearance capacity will induce capillary leak and foster edema formation, which will in turn impair gas exchange and endanger the survival of the host. Toxins modulate or neutralize protective host cell mechanisms of both the innate and adaptive immunity response during chronic infection. In particular, toxins can either recruit or kill central players of the lung's innate immune responses to pathogenic attacks, i.e., alveolar macrophages (AMs) and neutrophils. Pulmonary disorders resulting from these toxin actions include, e.g., acute lung injury (ALI), the acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS), and severe pneumonia. When acute infection converts to persistence, i.e., colonization and chronic infection, lung diseases, such as bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF) can arise. The aim of this review is to discuss the impact of bacterial toxins in the lungs and the resulting outcomes for pathogenesis, their roles in promoting bacterial dissemination, and bacterial survival in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +41-31-300-35-00 (J.H.)
| | - Yalda Hadizamani
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joyce Gonzales
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Boris Gorshkov
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Thomas Bodmer
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Waldeggstr. 37 CH-3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland;
| | - Yves Berthiaume
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Ueli Moehrlen
- Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital, Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zürch, Switzerland;
| | - Hartmut Lode
- Insitut für klinische Pharmakologie, Charité, Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Reichsstrasse 2, D-14052 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Hanno Huwer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Voelklingen Heart Center, 66333 Voelklingen/Saar, Germany;
| | - Martina Hudel
- Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Mobarak Abu Mraheil
- Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Haroldo Alfredo Flores Toque
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Justus-Liebig-University, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Jürg Hamacher
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Medical Clinic V-Pneumology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, University Medical Centre of the Saarland, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +41-31-300-35-00 (J.H.)
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Máiz Carro L, Martínez-García MA. Nebulized hypertonic saline in noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a comprehensive review. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2020; 13:1753466619866102. [PMID: 31390940 PMCID: PMC6688147 DOI: 10.1177/1753466619866102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiectasis occurs as a result of a vicious circle consisting of an impaired mucociliary transport system, inflammation, and infection and repair of the airways. Damage to the mucociliary system prevents secretion elimination and facilitates bacterial growth and bronchial inflammation. To facilitate mucociliary clearance, current guidelines recommend the use of hypertonic saline (HS) solutions in patients with bronchiectasis not secondary to cystic fibrosis (CF), although the evidence of efficacy in this pathology is sparse. A high percentage of patients with CF and bronchiectasis tolerate HS solutions, but often patients report cough, dyspnoea, throat irritation, or salty taste after inhalation. These adverse effects negatively impact adherence to treatment, which sometimes must be discontinued. Some studies have shown that the addition of hyaluronic acid increases the tolerability of HS solutions, both in patients with CF and in bronchiectasis of other etiologies. We aimed to review the benefits and safety of HS solutions in patients with bronchiectasis. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Máiz Carro
- Chronic Bronchial Infection, Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, Madrid 28034, Spain
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A Staphylococcus pro-apoptotic peptide induces acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1539. [PMID: 32210242 PMCID: PMC7093394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and fatal disease of unknown etiology; however, apoptosis of lung alveolar epithelial cells plays a role in disease progression. This intractable disease is associated with increased abundance of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus in the lungs, yet their roles in disease pathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we report that Staphylococcus nepalensis releases corisin, a peptide conserved in diverse staphylococci, to induce apoptosis of lung epithelial cells. The disease in mice exhibits acute exacerbation after intrapulmonary instillation of corisin or after lung infection with corisin-harboring S. nepalensis compared to untreated mice or mice infected with bacteria lacking corisin. Correspondingly, the lung corisin levels are significantly increased in human IPF patients with acute exacerbation compared to patients without disease exacerbation. Our results suggest that bacteria shedding corisin are involved in acute exacerbation of IPF, yielding insights to the molecular basis for the elevation of staphylococci in pulmonary fibrosis.
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39
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Luan X, Tam JS, Jagadeeshan S, Grishchenko N, Hassan N, Gioino P, Shipley AM, Machen TE, Ianowski JP. Airway submucosal glands from cystic fibrosis swine suffer from abnormal ion transport across the serous acini, collecting duct, and ciliated duct. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L931-L942. [PMID: 32130033 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00219.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human airway is protected by an efficient innate defense mechanism that requires healthy secretion of airway surface liquid (ASL) to clear pathogens from the lungs. Most of the ASL in the upper airway is secreted by submucosal glands. In cystic fibrosis (CF), the function of airway submucosal glands is abnormal, and these abnormalities are attributed to anomalies in ion transport across the epithelia lining the different sections of the glands that function coordinately to produce the ASL. However, the ion transport properties of most of the anatomical regions of the gland have never been measured, and there is controversy regarding which segments express CFTR. This makes it difficult to determine the glandular abnormalities that may contribute to CF lung disease. Using a noninvasive, extracellular self-referencing ion-selective electrode technique, we characterized ion transport properties in all four segments of submucosal glands from wild-type and CFTR-/- swine. In wild-type airways, the serous acini, mucus tubules, and collecting ducts secrete Cl- and Na+ into the lumen in response to carbachol and forskolin stimulation. The ciliated duct also transports Cl- and Na+ but in the opposite direction, i.e., reabsorption from the ASL, which may contribute to lowering Na+ and Cl- activities in the secreted fluid. In CFTR-/- airways, the serous acini, collecting ducts, and ciliated ducts fail to transport ions after forskolin stimulation, resulting in the production of smaller volumes of ASL with normal Cl-, Na+, and K+ concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Luan
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julian S Tam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Santosh Jagadeeshan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nikolay Grishchenko
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Noman Hassan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Paula Gioino
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Terry E Machen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Juan P Ianowski
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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40
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Wan F, Herzberg M, Huang Z, Hassenkam T, Nielsen HM. A free-floating mucin layer to investigate the effect of the local microenvironment in lungs on mucin-nanoparticle interactions. Acta Biomater 2020; 104:115-123. [PMID: 31945503 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory tract mucus represents an important barrier for pulmonary drug delivery. Understanding of mucin-nanoparticle interactions is a prerequisite for rational design of inhalable nanoparticles. In the present study, in order to establish a reliable quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) approach to reveal the effect of the lung microenvironment on the mucin-nanoparticle interactions, we investigated the intrinsic features of the mucin layers immobilized onto sensors via chemical conjugation or physical adsorption by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and QCM-D. Our results demonstrated that the covalently-grafted mucin layer responded more sensitively than the physically-adsorbed mucin layer to the local microenvironment shifting from PBS (pH 7.35 and ionic strength 30 mM) to PBS (pH 6.25 and ionic strength 150 mM) and resulted in a softer mucin layer with more hydrophobic areas exposed. Furthermore, using the QCM-D approach with the covalently-grafted mucin layer, we demonstrated the significant influence of the local microenvironment on the interaction of mucin with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based nanoparticles with different surface hydrophilicity. The present work underlines the QCM-D approach with a covalently-grafted mucin layer as a potent tool to elucidate the potential influence of local microenvironment on mucin-nanoparticle interactions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Studying interactions between nanoengineered materials and biological systems plays a vital role in development of biomedical applications of nanoengineered materials. In this work, by employing a more biologically relevant, 'free-floating' mucin layer model, we demonstrate the significant impact of the lung microenvironment on the nature and the extent of the interaction between the mucin and the nanoparticles with different surface hydrophilicity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work describing the nanoscale properties of immobilized mucin layers and investigating the mucin-nanoparticle interactions with emphasis on the impact of local microenvironment in lungs. Thus, it is expected to have important consequences in rational design of inhalable nanoparticle delivery systems.
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Grupp A, Kimmel M, Fritz P, Voggenreiter B, Stöltzing H, Kuhlmann U, Stange EF, Mettang T, Fellermann K, Alscher DM. The Expression Patterns of Peritoneal Defensins. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080702700611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Local defense mechanisms are important for the integrity of the peritoneum, but few details are known about the expression patterns of antimicrobial proteins such as human defensin in normal and damaged peritoneum. Methods Part A: The expression of different defensins in normal ( n = 12), inflamed ( n = 5), and metastatic peritoneum ( n = 4) and in cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells was analyzed using mRNA and immunohistochemistry. Part B: Using immunohistochemistry the expression of different defensins was analyzed in different subgroups: healthy controls ( n = 25), patients with chronic appendicitis ( n = 25) or acute appendicitis ( n = 10), and end-stage renal disease patients ( n = 25, with 15 on peritoneal dialysis). Results Part A: Human neutrophil peptides (HNP) 1 and 3 and human β-defensins (HBD) 1 to 3 mRNA were detected in peritoneal specimens. In addition, HNP1,3, HBD1, HBD2, and HBD3 proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry. Part B: HBD1 showed a constitutive expression in mesothelium, while HBD2 and HNP1,3 were associated with inflammation. Decreased expressions of HNP1,3 were observed in end-stage renal disease patients and in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Conclusions For the first time, the expression patterns of defensins in normal and damaged peritoneum have been described. The reduced expression of some defensins in end-stage renal disease is of potential clinical interest against the background of the frequent infective complications seen in peritoneal dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Grupp
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Martin Kimmel
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Germany
| | - Peter Fritz
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Bernd Voggenreiter
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Robert-Bosch Krankenhaus, Stuttgart
| | - Hartmut Stöltzing
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Robert-Bosch Krankenhaus, Stuttgart
| | - Ulrich Kuhlmann
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Germany
| | - Eduard F. Stange
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Thomas Mettang
- Fachbereich Nephrologie, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Klaus Fellermann
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wiesbaden, Germany
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42
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Stapleton EM, Manges R, Parker G, Stone EA, Peters TM, Blount RJ, Noriega J, Li X, Zabner J, Polgreen PM, Chipara O, Herman T, Comellas AP. Indoor Particulate Matter From Smoker Homes Induces Bacterial Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Impairs Airway Antimicrobial Activity. A Pilot Study. Front Public Health 2020; 7:418. [PMID: 32039129 PMCID: PMC6992572 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution causes deleterious health effects; however, less is known about health effects of indoor air particulate matter (IAP). Objective: To understand whether IAP influences distinct mechanisms in the development of respiratory tract infections, including bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and innate immunity. Additionally, we tested whether IAP from Iowa houses of subjects with and without recent respiratory exacerbations recapitulated the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) IAP findings. Methods: To test the effect of NIST and Iowa IAP on bacterial growth and biofilm formation, we assessed Staphylococcus aureus growth and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation with and without the presence of IAP. To assess the effect of IAP on innate immunity, we exposed primary human airway surface liquid (ASL) to NIST, and Iowa IAP. Lastly, we tested whether specific metals may be responsible for effects on airway innate immunity. Results: NIST and Iowa IAP significantly enhanced bacterial growth and biofilm formation. NIST IAP (whole particle and the soluble portion) impaired ASL antimicrobial activity. IAP from one Iowa home significantly impaired ASL antimicrobial activity (p < 0.05), and five other homes demonstrated a trend (p ≤ 0.18) of impaired ASL antimicrobial activity. IAP from homes of subjects with a recent history of respiratory exacerbation tended (p = 0.09) to impair ASL antimicrobial activity more than IAP from homes of those without a history respiratory exacerbation. Aluminum and Magnesium impaired ASL antimicrobial activity, while copper was bactericidal. Combining metals varied their effect on ASL antimicrobial activity. Conclusions: NIST IAP and Iowa IAP enhanced bacterial growth and biofilm formation. ASL antimicrobial activity was impaired by NIST IAP, and Iowa house IAP from subjects with recent respiratory exacerbation tended to impair ASL antimicrobial activity. Individual metals may explain impaired ASL antimicrobial activity; however, antimicrobial activity in the presence of multiple metals warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Stapleton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Robert Manges
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gavin Parker
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Stone
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Thomas M Peters
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Robert J Blount
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Julio Noriega
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Philip M Polgreen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Octav Chipara
- Department of Computer Science, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ted Herman
- Department of Computer Science, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Alejandro P Comellas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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43
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Duruel O, Berker E, Özşin-Özler C, Gharibzadeh-Hızal M, Gürpınar Ö, Eryılmaz-Polat S, Ataman-Duruel ET, Tan Ç, Karabulut E, Tekçiçek M, Eser ÖK, Kiper N, Tezcan İ. Levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cystic fibrosis patients with or without gingivitis. Cytokine 2020; 127:154987. [PMID: 31927460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.154987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory periodontal diseases are caused by interaction between gram negative, anaerobic bacteria and host response. Persistent infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients also cause increased pro-inflammatory response and the imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response in brochoalveolar lavage fluid which leads to destruction of lungs. The aim of this study is to evaluate periodontal status of CF patients, to measure level of cytokines and biochemical molecules in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and to detect presence of P. aeruginosa in dental plaque samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF samples were collected from 41 CF patients and 39 healthy (non-CF) subjects. Interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-17, IL-10, human neutrophil elastase (HNE), cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein, and human β-defensin-1 (HBD1) in GCF were evaluated by ELISA method. Dental plaque samples were collected from 18 CF patients with history of P. aeruginosa colonization and 15 non-CF subjects. Presence of P. aeruginosa was evaluated by using conventional culture methods and molecular methods. RESULTS Levels of IL-1ß, HNE, and HBD1 in CF patients were significantly higher than non-CF subjects. However, IL-10 level was significantly lower in CF patients. Increased pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß) and decreased anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine levels were observed in GCF samples from CF patients, irrespective of their periodontal status. P. aeruginosa were detected in four samples of 18 CF patients, and all were negative in non-CF group. CONCLUSIONS As a result of this study, CF coexists increasing pro-inflammatory and decreasing anti-inflammatory response locally. Due to increasing pro-inflammation, CF patients should be followed-up more often than non-CF children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onurcem Duruel
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ezel Berker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Özşin-Özler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mina Gharibzadeh-Hızal
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Öznur Gürpınar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sanem Eryılmaz-Polat
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Çağman Tan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meryem Tekçiçek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgen Köseoğlu Eser
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nural Kiper
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlhan Tezcan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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44
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Wan F, Bohr SSR, Kłodzińska SN, Jumaa H, Huang Z, Nylander T, Thygesen MB, Sørensen KK, Jensen KJ, Sternberg C, Hatzakis N, Mørck Nielsen H. Ultrasmall TPGS-PLGA Hybrid Nanoparticles for Site-Specific Delivery of Antibiotics into Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms in Lungs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:380-389. [PMID: 31804792 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled antibiotic treatment of cystic fibrosis-related bacterial biofilm infections is challenging because of the pathological environment of the lungs. Here, we present an "environment-adaptive" nanoparticle composed of a solid poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) core and a mucus-inert, enzymatically cleavable shell of d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) for the site-specific delivery of antibiotics to bacterial biofilms via aerosol administration. The hybrid nanoparticles with ultrasmall size were self-assembled via a nanoprecipitation process by using a facile microfluidic method. The interactions of the nanoparticles with the biological barriers were comprehensively investigated by using cutting-edge techniques (e.g., quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy-based particle tracking, in vitro biofilm model cultured in a flow-chamber system, and quantitative imaging analysis). Our results suggest that the mucus-inert, enzymatically cleavable TPGS shell enables the nanoparticles to penetrate through the mucus, accumulate in the deeper layer of the biofilms, and serve as sustained release depot, thereby improving the killing efficacy of azithromycin (a macrolide antibiotic) against biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the ultrasmall TPGS-PLGA hybrid nanoparticles represent an efficient delivery system to overcome the multiple barriers and release antibiotics in a sustained manner in the vicinity of the biofilm-forming bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Søren S-R Bohr
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Mikkel Boas Thygesen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kasper Kildegaard Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Knud Jørgen Jensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Claus Sternberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine , Technical University of Denmark , Building 221, Søltofts Plads , DK-2800 Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Nikos Hatzakis
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
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45
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Champreux J. [Cystic fibrosis, what follow-up action for adults in 2019?]. REVUE DE L'INFIRMIÈRE 2019; 69:25-26. [PMID: 32146960 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Long considered as a paediatric pathology, cystic fibrosis concerns in France more adults than children since 2015. Considering this demographic shift, the way healthcare is organized requires constant adaptation, particularly in the care of adults where new needs are rapidly emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Champreux
- Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg- Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
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46
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Sato Y, Thomas DY, Hanrahan JW. The anion transporter SLC26A9 localizes to tight junctions and is degraded by the proteasome when co-expressed with F508del-CFTR. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18269-18284. [PMID: 31645438 PMCID: PMC6885613 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) disrupt epithelial secretion and cause cystic fibrosis (CF). Available CFTR modulators provide only modest clinical benefits, so alternative therapeutic targets are being explored. The anion-conducting transporter solute carrier family 26 member 9 (SLC26A9) is a promising candidate, but its functional expression is drastically reduced in cells that express the most common CF-associated CFTR variant, F508del-CFTR, through mechanisms that remain incompletely understood. Here, we examined the metabolic stability and location of SLC26A9 and its relationship to CFTR. Compared with SLC26A9 levels in BHK cells expressing SLC26A9 alone or with WT-CFTR, co-expression of SLC26A9 with F508del-CFTR reduced total and plasma membrane levels of SLC26A9. Proteasome inhibitors increased SLC26A9 immunofluorescence in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBEs) homozygous for F508del-CFTR but not in non-CF pHBEs, suggesting that F508del-CFTR enhances proteasomal SLC26A9 degradation. Apical SLC26A9 expression increased when F508del-CFTR trafficking was partially corrected by low temperature or with the CFTR modulator VX-809. The immature glycoforms of SLC26A9 and CFTR co-immunoprecipitated, consistent with their interaction in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Transfection with increasing amounts of WT-CFTR cDNA progressively increased SLC26A9 levels in F508del-CFTR-expressing cells, suggesting that WT-CFTR competes with F508del-CFTR for SLC26A9 binding. Immunofluorescence staining of endogenous SLC26A9 and transfection of a 3HA-tagged construct into well-differentiated cells revealed that SLC26A9 is mostly present at tight junctions. We conclude that SLC26A9 interacts with CFTR in both the ER and Golgi and that its interaction with F508del-CFTR increases proteasomal SLC26A9 degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Sato
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - David Y Thomas
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - John W Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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47
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Kim J, Yang YL, Jang YS. Human β-defensin 2 is involved in CCR2-mediated Nod2 signal transduction, leading to activation of the innate immune response in macrophages. Immunobiology 2019; 224:502-510. [PMID: 31126693 PMCID: PMC7114636 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beta-defensins contribute to host innate defense against various pathogens, including viruses, although the details of their roles in innate immune cells are unclear. We previously reported that human β-defensin 2 (HBD 2) activates primary innate immunity against viral infection and suggested that it plays a role in the induction of the adaptive immune response. We analyzed the mechanisms by which HBD 2 primes innate antiviral immunity and polarized activation of macrophage-like THP-1 cells using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike protein (S RBD) as a model antigen. The expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2), type I interferons, (IFNs), and proinflammatory mediators was enhanced in S RBD-HBD 2-treated THP-1 cells. S RBD-HBD 2 treatment also enhanced phosphorylation and activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 and IFN regulatory factor 3 compared to S RBD alone. Finally, HBD 2-conjugated S RBD interacted with C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and Nod2 was involved in HBD 2-mediated CCR2 signaling, which was associated with the activation and M1 polarization of THP-1 cells. Therefore, HBD 2 promotes CCR2-mediated Nod2 signaling, which induces production of type I IFNs and an inflammatory response, and enhances primary innate immunity leading to an effective adaptive immune response to HBD 2-conjugated antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, 54896, South Korea
| | - Ye Lin Yang
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Institute of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54856, South Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, 54896, South Korea; Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Institute of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54856, South Korea.
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48
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Airway surface liquid acidification initiates host defense abnormalities in Cystic Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6516. [PMID: 31019198 PMCID: PMC6482305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein. Morbidity is mainly due to early airway infection. We hypothesized that S. aureus clearance during the first hours of infection was impaired in CF human Airway Surface Liquid (ASL) because of a lowered pH. The ASL pH of human bronchial epithelial cell lines and primary respiratory cells from healthy controls (WT) and patients with CF was measured with a pH microelectrode. The antimicrobial capacity of airway cells was studied after S. aureus apical infection by counting surviving bacteria. ASL was significantly more acidic in CF than in WT respiratory cells. This was consistent with a defect in bicarbonate secretion involving CFTR and SLC26A4 (pendrin) and a persistent proton secretion by ATP12A. ASL demonstrated a defect in S. aureus clearance which was improved by pH normalization. Pendrin inhibition in WT airways recapitulated the CF airway defect and increased S. aureus proliferation. ATP12A inhibition by ouabain decreased bacterial proliferation. Antimicrobial peptides LL-37 and hBD1 demonstrated a pH-dependent activity. Normalizing ASL pH might improve innate airway defense in newborns with CF during onset of S. aureus infection. Pendrin activation and ATP12A inhibition could represent novel therapeutic strategies to normalize pH in CF airways.
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49
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Wan F, Nylander T, Foged C, Yang M, Baldursdottir SG, Nielsen HM. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biophysical interaction of inhaled nanoparticles with pulmonary surfactant by using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 545:162-171. [PMID: 30877998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction between inhaled nanoparticles and pulmonary surfactant is a prerequisite for predicting the fate of inhaled nanoparticles. Here, we introduce a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)-based methodology to reveal the extent and nature of the biophysical interactions of polymer- and lipid-based nanoparticles with pulmonary surfactant. By fitting the QCM-D data to the Langmuir adsorption equation, we determined the kinetics and equilibrium parameters [i.e., maximal adsorption (Δmmax), equilibrium constant (Ka), adsorption rate constant (ka) and desorption rate constant (kd)] of polymeric nanoparticles adsorption onto the pulmonary surfactant (e.g., an artificial lipid mixture and an extract of porcine lung surfactant). Furthermore, our results revealed that the nature of the interactions between lipid-based nanoparticles (e.g., liposomes) and pulmonary surfactant was governed by the liposomal composition, i.e., incorporation of cholesterol and PEGylated phospholipid (DSPE-PEG2000) into DOPC-based liposomes led to the adsorption of intact liposomes onto the pulmonary surfactant layer and the mass exchange between the liposomes and pulmonary surfactant layer, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrate the applicability of the QCM-D technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biophysical interaction of inhaled nanoparticles with pulmonary surfactant, which is vital for rational design and optimization of inhalable nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stefania G Baldursdottir
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Hanne M Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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50
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Haney EF, Straus SK, Hancock REW. Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape. Front Chem 2019; 7:43. [PMID: 30778385 PMCID: PMC6369191 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a shift in terminology to use the broader term host defense peptides (HDPs) to capture the multi-functional nature of these molecules. In this review, we critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation. It is generally accepted that HDPs are multi-faceted mediators of a wide range of biological processes, with individual activities dependent on their polypeptide sequence. In this context, we explore the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes. Finally, we outline several emerging functions and roles of HDPs and highlight how an improved understanding of these processes can potentially be leveraged to more fully realize the therapeutic promise of HDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Haney
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Suzana K Straus
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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