1
|
Mo J, Guo J, Iwata H, Diamond J, Qu C, Xiong J, Han J. What Approaches Should be Used to Prioritize Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products for Research on Environmental and Human Health Exposure and Effects? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:488-501. [PMID: 36377688 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are released from multiple anthropogenic sources and thus have a ubiquitous presence in the environment. The environmental exposure and potential effects of PPCPs on biota and humans has aroused concern within the scientific community and the public. Risk assessments are commonly conducted to evaluate the likelihood of chemicals including PPCPs that pose health threats to organisms inhabiting various environmental compartments and humans. Because thousands of PPCPs are currently used, it is impractical to assess the environmental risk of all of them due to data limitations; in addition, new PPCPs are continually being produced. Prioritization approaches, based either on exposure, hazard, or risk, provide a possible means by which those PPCPs that are likely to pose the greatest risk to the environment are identified, thereby enabling more effective allocation of resources in environmental monitoring programs in specific geographical locations and ecotoxicological investigations. In the present review, the importance and current knowledge concerning PPCP occurrence and risk are discussed and priorities for future research are proposed, in terms of PPCP exposure (e.g., optimization of exposure modeling in freshwater ecosystems and more monitoring of PPCPs in the marine environment) or hazard (e.g., differential risk of PPCPs to lower vs. higher trophic level species and risks to human health). Recommended research questions for the next 10 years are also provided, which can be answered by future studies on prioritization of PPCPs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:488-501. © 2022 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiezhang Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | | | - Chengkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiuqiang Xiong
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Unnikrishan A, Khalid NK, Rayaroth MP, Thomas S, Nazim A, Aravindakumar CT, Aravind UK. Occurrence and distribution of steroid hormones (estrogen) and other contaminants of emerging concern in a south indian water body. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141124. [PMID: 38211796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Steroid hormones (SHs) are among the important classes of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) whose detection in aquatic environments is vital due to their potential adverse health impacts. Their detection is challenging because of their lower stability in natural conditions and low concentrations. This study reports the presence of steroid hormones in a major river system, the Periyar River, in Kerala (India). Water samples were collected from thirty different river locations in the case of SHs and five locations within these in the case of other CECs. These were subjected to LC-MS/MS and LC-Q-ToF/MS analyses. Five SHs, estriol, estrone, 17 β estradiol, progesterone, and hydroxy progesterone, were separated and targeted using MS techniques. The studies of the water samples confirmed the presence of the first three estrogens in different sampling sites, with estrone present in all the sampling sites. The concentration of estrone was detected in the range from 2 to 15 ng/L. Estriol and estradiol concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 5 ng/L and 1-6 ng/L, respectively. The hormones at some selected sites were continuously monitored for seven months. The chosen areas include the feed water sites for the drinking water treatment plants across the river. The monthly data revealed that estrone is the only SHs detected in all the samples in the selected months. The highest concentration of SH was found in August. Twelve CECs belonging to pharmaceuticals and personal care products were identified and quantified. In addition, 31 other CECs were also identified using non-target analysis. A detailed study of the hormone mapping reported here is the first from any South Indian River.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Unnikrishan
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Nejumal K Khalid
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Manoj P Rayaroth
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Shiny Thomas
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIFs), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Akhil Nazim
- Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Charuvila T Aravindakumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIFs), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Usha K Aravind
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phukan D, Kumar V. Tracking drugged waters from various sources to drinking water-its persistence, environmental risk assessment, and removal techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:86676-86698. [PMID: 37436619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals have become a major concern due to their nature of persistence and accumulation in the environment. Very few studies have been performed relating to its toxicity and ill effects on the aquatic/terrestrial flora and fauna. The typical wastewater and water treatment processes are not efficient enough to get these persistent pollutants treated, and there are hardly any guidelines followed. Most of them do not get fully metabolized and end up in rivers through human excreta and household discharge. Various methods have been adopted with the advancement in technology, sustainable methods are more in demand as they are usually cost-effective, and hardly any toxic by-products are produced. This paper aims to illustrate the concerns related to pharmaceutical contaminants in water, commonly found drugs in the various rivers and their existing guidelines, ill effects of highly detected pharmaceuticals on aquatic flora and fauna, and its removal and remediation techniques putting more emphasis on sustainable processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dixita Phukan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India, 826004
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India, 826004.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nozaki K, Tanoue R, Kunisue T, Tue NM, Fujii S, Sudo N, Isobe T, Nakayama K, Sudaryanto A, Subramanian A, Bulbule KA, Parthasarathy P, Tuyen LH, Viet PH, Kondo M, Tanabe S, Nomiyama K. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface water and fish from three Asian countries: Species-specific bioaccumulation and potential ecological risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161258. [PMID: 36587684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Asian developing countries, undeveloped and ineffective sewer systems are causing surface water pollution by a lot of contaminants, especially pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Therefore, the risks for freshwater fauna need to be assessed. The present study aimed at: i) elucidating the contamination status; ii) evaluating the bioaccumulation; and iii) assessing the potential risks of PPCP residues in surface water and freshwater fish from three Asian countries. We measured 43 PPCPs in the plasma of several fish species as well as ambient water samples collected from India (Chennai and Bengaluru), Indonesia (Jakarta and Tangerang), and Vietnam (Hanoi and Hoa Binh). In addition, the validity of the existing fish blood-water partitioning model based solely on the lipophilicity of chemicals is assessed for ionizable and readily metabolizable PPCPs. When comparing bioaccumulation factors calculated from the PPCP concentrations measured in the fish and water (BAFmeasured) with bioconcentration factors predicted from their pH-dependent octanol-water partition coefficient (BCFpredicted), close values (within an order of magnitude) were observed for 58-91 % of the detected compounds. Nevertheless, up to 110 times higher plasma BAFmeasured than the BCFpredicted were found for the antihistamine chlorpheniramine in tilapia but not in other fish species. The plasma BAFmeasured values of the compound were significantly different in the three fish species (tilapia > carp > catfish), possibly due to species-specific differences in toxicokinetics (e.g., plasma protein binding and hepatic metabolism). Results of potential risk evaluation based on the PPCP concentrations measured in the fish plasma suggested that chlorpheniramine, triclosan, haloperidol, triclocarban, diclofenac, and diphenhydramine can pose potential adverse effects on wild fish. Results of potential risk evaluation based on the PPCP concentrations measured in the surface water indicated high ecological risks of carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and triclosan on Asian freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Nozaki
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Rumi Tanoue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kunisue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Nguyen Minh Tue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan; Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 11400, Viet Nam
| | - Sadahiko Fujii
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Nao Sudo
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8506, Japan
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Agus Sudaryanto
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Building 820, Puspiptek Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Annamalai Subramanian
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - Keshav A Bulbule
- KLE Society's S. Nijalingappa College, 2nd Block, Rajajinagar, Bangaluru 560 010, India
| | - Peethambaram Parthasarathy
- E-Parisaraa Pvt. Ltd., Plot No. 30-P3, Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board, Dobaspet Industrial Area, Bengaluru 562 111, India
| | - Le Huu Tuyen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 11400, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Hung Viet
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 11400, Viet Nam
| | - Masakazu Kondo
- Department of Applied Aquabiology, National Fisheries University, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yamaguchi 759 6595, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| | - Kei Nomiyama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wolfram J, Bub S, Petschick LL, Schemmer A, Stehle S, Schulz R. Pesticide occurrence in protected surface waters in nature conservation areas of Germany. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160074. [PMID: 36368401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A complete ban on pesticide use in sensitive areas, such as nature conservation areas (NCA), is currently being debated in the EU as part of the Sustainable Use Regulation. NCA are strictly protected landscapes in Germany with minimal agricultural activity (<4.5 %) that serve as vital ecological refuges. However, it is largely unknown whether surface waters in German NCA are contaminated by pesticides. The current study uses extensive monitoring data (n = 3,822,553 measurements, 1998-2020, 208 pesticides) from the federal state of Saxony (18,416 km2), Germany, to characterize pesticide occurrence, contamination levels and risks (defined as exceedance of regulatory threshold levels) for surface waters in NCA (n = 68,277 measurements, mean size = 2.5 km2) in comparison to unprotected areas (n = 3,754,276). Pesticide detection frequencies show strong correlation between NCA and unprotected areas (UPA, R2= 0.70-0.92), but concentrations to be ∼40 % lower in protected areas. Ecological risk distributions for three major species groups are similar between NCA and UPA (fish = 79.8 % overlap in density distribution, invertebrates = 78.6 %, plants = 81.9 %). Threshold exceedances differ greatly among groups (fish = 0.9 %, aquatic invertebrates = 14.7 %, plants = 20.4 %). Based on principal component analysis, ecological risks for aquatic plants and aquatic invertebrates are strongly correlated with upstream agricultural land use (80.5-82.4 %) and are negatively correlated with upstream (semi)-natural land cover (90.1-97.3 %). Fluvial transport appears to be the most important pathway for contaminants into NCA surface waters, likely due to small conservation area size. Overall, surface waters in NCA are exposed to numerous organic contaminants causing ecological risks, highlighting the need to improve protection of these valuable water resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wolfram
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sascha Bub
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Lara L Petschick
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Anna Schemmer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stehle
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstrasse 13, D-76857 Eusserthal, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu X, Ren J, Xu Q, Xiao Y, Li X, Peng Y. Priority screening of contaminant of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water from drinking water sources in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River based on exposure-activity ratios (EARs). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159016. [PMID: 36162578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface water provides ecological services such as drinking water supply. However, contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are rising concerns because they are ubiquitously detected in surface water and pose potential risks to the aquatic environment and human health. This study investigated the occurrence of 165 CECs in surface water from drinking water source areas along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to prioritize the CECs and to estimate potential biological activity based on exposure-activity ratio (EAR). A total of 70 CECs were detected in the surface water at least once at the selected 17 sampling sites, and their concentrations ranged from 0.592 to 4650 ng/L. Twenty-four CECs were detected at each site, and these were mostly pharmaceutical and personal care products and pesticides. Sucralose, 1H-benzotriazole and carbendazim were the most common CECs with high median concentrations in the study area. Specifically, sucralose, an artificial sweetener, was presented at each site with the highest median concentration (3010 ng/L), which indicated that anthropogenic inputs are an important source of contaminants. Medroxyprogesterone and trenbolone were identified as the priority contaminants of interest, with maximum EARchemical values of 0.389 and 0.183, respectively. Among all the sites, the higher cumulative EARmixture value was found from Nantong City (0.765), which indicated that this site could have a relatively greater potential for biological effects, and these effects were mainly due to medroxyprogesterone and trenbolone. In regard to the bioactivity of all detected CECs, nuclear receptors showed the greatest potential bioactivity in this region, particularly androgen receptor-mediated bioactivity, which is most likely affected organisms residing in the source water area. These results suggest that the drinking water sources from the studied region are contaminated with CECs, and highlight the prioritization of future monitoring and research to protect source waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wu
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Jinzhi Ren
- College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Xia Li
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The simpler the better: Highly sensitive 17α-ethinylestradiol sensor based on an unmodified carbon paper transducer. Talanta 2022; 245:123457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
8
|
Mitkidis P, Chrysochou P, Obolevich V, Mitkidis K. Effectiveness of environmental health and loss framing on household pharmaceutical take-back schemes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 143:61-68. [PMID: 35219969 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical pollution poses an emerging environmental and public health problem. Together with increasing medicine use and pharmaceutical manufacturing effluents, improper disposal of household pharmaceutical waste significantly adds to this issue, despite pharmaceutical take-back schemes having been established in many countries. Even where take-back schemes are available return rates remain low. Previous studies have used only survey and interview methodologies and therefore merely described the situation. This study goes further, exploring not only the effects of the availability of information on pharmaceutical take-back schemes but also the effects of the framing of information provided to individuals on their intentions and reported behaviours to collect unused and/or expired household pharmaceuticals and return them to a pharmacy. The data were collected throughout three preregistered, randomised experiments with representative samples (N = 3754). The results show that tapping into individuals' pre-existing conception of the problem and psychological biases through the delivery of environmental health, loss framing information highly increased the odds of returning household pharmaceutical waste. This result is long-lasting (Studies 2 and 3), is found in various European countries (Study 1), and remains robust in all studies. Based on the results, we suggest that, in the context of household pharmaceutical waste management, psychologically informed, proactive approaches combined with targeted local action and services can reduce the psychological and practical barriers to pro-health and pro-environmental behaviour. The findings are used to support a policy recommendation that is cost-efficient, easy to use, and effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mitkidis
- Department of Management, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, DK, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark; Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, 334 Blackwell Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
| | - Polymeros Chrysochou
- Department of Management, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, DK, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - Viktoria Obolevich
- Department of Law, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 16, DK, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katerina Mitkidis
- Department of Law, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 16, DK, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aminzadeh H, Shahabi Nejad M, Mohammadzadeh I, Sheibani H. Assembly of CuO nanorods onto poly(glycidylmethacrylate)@polyaniline core–shell microspheres: Photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Aminzadeh
- Department of Chemistry Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| | | | - Iman Mohammadzadeh
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Hassan Sheibani
- Department of Chemistry Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Titanium Dioxide-Based Photocatalysts for Degradation of Emerging Contaminants including Pharmaceutical Pollutants. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the environment has been a growing problem in recent years. Due to the rapid growth in human population, the expansion of cities, along with the development of industry, more and more dangerous chemicals end up in the environment, especially in soil and water. For the most part, it is not possible to effectively remove chemicals through traditional remediation techniques, because those used in treatment plants are not specifically designed for this purpose. Therefore, new approaches for water remediation are in great demand. Many efforts have been focused on applications of photocatalysis for the remediation of chemical pollutants including drugs. Titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles have particularly been considered as potential photocatalysts due to their favorable properties. In this article, we present the problem of emerging contaminants including drugs and discuss the use of photocatalysts based on titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles for their degradation. A wide selection of materials, starting from bare TiO2, via its hybrid and composite materials, are discussed including those based on carbonaceous materials or connections with macrocyclic structures. Examples of photodegradation experiments on TiO2-based materials including those performed with various active pharmaceutical ingredients are also included.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang J, Svoboda L, Němečková Z, Sgarzi M, Henych J, Licciardello N, Cuniberti G. Enhanced visible-light photodegradation of fluoroquinolone-based antibiotics and E. coli growth inhibition using Ag-TiO 2 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13980-13991. [PMID: 35423911 PMCID: PMC8697706 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics in wastewater represent a growing and worrying menace for environmental and human health fostering the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a well-studied and well-performing photocatalyst for wastewater treatment. However, it presents drawbacks linked with the high energy needed for its activation and the fast electron–hole pair recombination. In this work, TiO2 nanoparticles were decorated with Ag nanoparticles by a facile photochemical reduction method to obtain an increased photocatalytic response under visible light. Although similar materials have been reported, we advanced this field by performing a study of the photocatalytic mechanism for Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles (Ag–TiO2 NPs) under visible light taking in consideration also the rutile phase of the TiO2 nanoparticles. Moreover, we examined the Ag–TiO2 NPs photocatalytic performance against two antibiotics from the same family. The obtained Ag–TiO2 NPs were fully characterised. The results showed that Ag NPs (average size: 23.9 ± 18.3 nm) were homogeneously dispersed on the TiO2 surface and the photo-response of the Ag–TiO2 NPs was greatly enhanced in the visible light region when compared to TiO2 P25. Hence, the obtained Ag–TiO2 NPs showed excellent photocatalytic degradation efficiency towards the two fluoroquinolone-based antibiotics ciprofloxacin (92%) and norfloxacin (94%) after 240 min of visible light irradiation, demonstrating a possible application of these particles in wastewater treatment. In addition, it was also proved that, after five Ag–TiO2 NPs re-utilisations in consecutive ciprofloxacin photodegradation reactions, only a photocatalytic efficiency drop of 8% was observed. Scavengers experiments demonstrated that the photocatalytic mechanism of ciprofloxacin degradation in the presence of Ag–TiO2 NPs is mainly driven by holes and ˙OH radicals, and that the rutile phase in the system plays a crucial role. Finally, Ag–TiO2 NPs showed also antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli (E. coli) opening the avenue for a possible use of this material in hospital wastewater treatment. Ag nanoparticles decorated-TiO2 P25 are a viable alternative for the degradation, through a rutile-mediated mechanism, of fluoroquinolone-based antibiotics under visible light irradiation and, at the same time, for bacteria inactivation in water.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Centre of Biomaterials, Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ladislav Svoboda
- IT4Innovations, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2172 708 33 Ostrava Czech Republic.,Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2172 708 33 Ostrava Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Němečková
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež 1001 250 68 Řež Czech Republic
| | - Massimo Sgarzi
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Centre of Biomaterials, Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Jiří Henych
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež 1001 250 68 Řež Czech Republic
| | - Nadia Licciardello
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Centre of Biomaterials, Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Centre of Biomaterials, Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Spielmeyer A, Petri MS, Höper H, Hamscher G. Long-term monitoring of sulfonamides and tetracyclines in manure amended soils and leachate samples - A follow-up study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04656. [PMID: 32904245 PMCID: PMC7452409 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics can be detected in manure and digestate samples worldwide. As manure is a frequently used fertilizer, antibiotics are found in soil and leachate samples. Only little is known about the long-term fate of antibiotics in the soil environment. One shortcut is the lack of appropriate monitoring studies. Here we present the results of an unequalled soil monitoring study over 18 years from an agricultural field site in Lower Saxony (Germany). Sulfonamides and tetracycline are mainly fixed in the upper soil layer. Contents showed a sharp decrease below sampling depth of 30 cm (plough depth). Sulfaguanidine and sulfamethazine (SMZ) were detected down to 90 cm. Water samples taken below the field site revealed the transfer of sulfonamides into leachate. High variances were observed between sampling points emphasizing the need for sampling strategies for environmental studies. In addition, field lysimeters with defined input of sulfonamides enabled a long-term monitoring and mass balance of antibiotic transfer into leachate over 10 years. SMZ showed the highest mobility with concentrations up to 65 ng L−1. Less than 0.5% of the applied SMZ was transferred into the leachate. Data of lysimeter and field water samples support the theory of a steady state process with a continuous input of sulfonamides such as SMZ into leachate. Soils contaminated with antibiotics can be a long-term source for the input of antibiotic active compounds into deeper soil layers and groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Spielmeyer
- Justus Liebig University, Institute for Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Madeleine S Petri
- Justus Liebig University, Institute for Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Höper
- State Authority for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG), Stilleweg 2, D-30655, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerd Hamscher
- Justus Liebig University, Institute for Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kostrubiak M, Vatovec CM, Dupigny-Giroux LA, Rizzo DM, Paganelli WC, Tsai MH. Water Pollution and Environmental Concerns in Anesthesiology. J Med Syst 2020; 44:169. [DOI: 10.1007/s10916-020-01634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
14
|
Korn VR, Ward JL, Edmiston PL, Schoenfuss HL. Temperature-Dependent Biomarkers of Estrogenic Exposure in a Piscivore Freshwater Fish. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:156-166. [PMID: 32266455 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of endocrine-active compounds and increasing water temperatures as a result of climate change have been studied extensively and independently, but there is a dearth of research to examine the combined effect of these factors on exposed organisms. Recent data suggest that estrogenic exposure and rising ambient temperatures independently impact predator-prey relationships. However, establishing these connections in natural settings is complex. These obstacles can be circumvented if biomarkers of estrogenic exposure in resident fish can predict changes in predator-prey relationships. To test the effects of estrone and temperature, the piscivore bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) was exposed for 30 days to estrone at concentrations (90 ± 17.6 ng/L [mean ± standard deviation] and 414 ± 146 ng/L) previously shown to reduce prey-capture success. Exposures were conducted at four temperatures (15 °C, 18 °C, 21 °C, 24 °C) to simulate breeding season ambient temperatures across the natural range of this species. A suite of morphological and physiological biomarkers previously linked to estrogenic exposures were examined. Biomarkers of estrone exposure were more commonly and severely impacted in male fish than in female fish. Notably, the gonadosomatic index was lower and gonads were less mature in exposed males. Additionally, temperature modulated the effects of estrone similarly in males and females with fish exposed at higher temperatures typically exhibiting a decreased morphological index. This study provides evidence that alterations in hepatic function and gonadal function may cause shifts in metabolism and energy allocation that may lead to declining prey capture performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V R Korn
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, St. Cloud State University, WSB-273, 720 Fourth Avenue South, St. Cloud, MN, 56301, USA
| | - J L Ward
- Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | | | - H L Schoenfuss
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, St. Cloud State University, WSB-273, 720 Fourth Avenue South, St. Cloud, MN, 56301, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ghribi F, Sehailia M, Aoudjit L, Touahra F, Zioui D, Boumechhour A, Halliche D, Bachari K, Benmaamar Z. Solar-light promoted photodegradation of metronidazole over ZnO-ZnAl2O4 heterojunction derived from 2D-layered double hydroxide structure. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
16
|
Wang Y, Wang C, Bao S, Nie X. Responses of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in Mugilogobius abei (M. abei) exposed to environmentally relevant concentration aspirin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15663-15673. [PMID: 32080815 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin (ASA) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Its high detection frequency in various waterborne and environmental residues has drawn wide attention. Limited information were provided for the effects of aspirin exposure on oxidative stress signaling pathway in fish, which is closely related to pathological and immunological process of fish. In this study, a small fish - Mugilogobius abei (M. abei) distributing widely in aquatic ecosystems in southern China, was employed as testing organism and the key genes of the detoxification metabolism were cloned for the first time. The responses of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway were investigated under the environmentally relevant concentration aspirin exposure (0.5 μg L-1, 5 μg L-1, and 50 μg L-1) for 24 h, 72 h, and 168 h then. The transcriptional expression of the key genes (Nrf2, Keap1, GCLC, GPx, GST, SOD, CAT, Trx2, and TrxR) as well as the changes of the related enzymatic activities (GPx, GST, SOD, and CAT) and GSH and MDA content were also determined. Results showed that Nrf2 and Keap1 gene expression displayed a negative correlation to some extent under ASA exposure, the transcriptional expressions of the downstream related genes (GCLC, GST, SOD, CAT, Trx2, and TrxR) in Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway showed inhibition at 24 h but induction at 72 h and 168 h. At the protein level, ASA exposure can improve the antioxidant capacity by increasing GSH synthesis and enzymatic activity of GPx, GST, SOD, and CAT to reduce the degree of lipid peroxidation. We proposed that ASA exposure may interfere with the redox balance in M. abei at an early stage but sub-chronic ASA exposure can activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve the antioxidant capacity of M. abei.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Wang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shuang Bao
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Oliveira Dos Santos PR, Costa MJ, Dos Santos ACA, Silva-Zacarín ECM, Nunes B. Neurotoxic and respiratory effects of human use drugs on a Neotropical fish species, Phalloceros harpagos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 230:108683. [PMID: 31874287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs are usually and continuously carried to the aquatic environment in different ways. Thus, they are pseudo-persistent in the environment, and they may exert deleterious effects on aquatic organisms. The objective of the present study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of two widely used pharmaceutical drugs, paracetamol (analgesic and antipyretic) and propranolol (β-blocker) on the activity of specific biomarkers (namely cholinesterase enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase) of the neotropical fish Phalloceros harpagos. The obtained results indicate an inhibition of the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after acute exposure to paracetamol, and an increase in cholinesterase activity in acutely propranolol-exposed fish. Chronic exposure to both drugs did not modify the enzymatic activities. Such short-term changes in enzymatic activities may be harmful to organisms, altering the preferential pathway of energy metabolism, and may induce behavioral changes that may compromise prey capture and predator escape, and in the longer term may induce population declines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mônica Jones Costa
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine C M Silva-Zacarín
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cox MK, Ward JL, Matsuura M, Aing R, Schoenfuss HL, Kohno S. Estrone exposure interacts with temperature to alter predator evasion performance and systemic mRNA abundances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:519-528. [PMID: 31351294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens from anthropogenic activities are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems. Ambient temperature in these systems also fluctuates in daily, seasonal, and long-term rhythms. While both factors have been studied extensively, their interaction on aquatic life is critical to understand. The objective of this study was, therefore, to examine how behavior and gene expression are impacted by estrogenic exposure across a range of environmental temperatures. Larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to estrone (E1) at two concentrations (nominal 625 and 1250 ng/L) or to an ethanol solvent control, at one of four temperatures (15, 18, 21 and 24 °C) from fertilization to 21 days post-hatch. Exposed larvae were assessed for alterations in predator evasion performance and mRNA abundances of two genes for calcium channel receptors found in muscles - dihydropyridine receptor (dhpr) and ryanodine receptor 1, and the gonadal genes anti-Müllerian hormone, cytochrome P450 gonadal aromatase (cyp19a), doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1) and estrogen receptor 1 (esr1). Larval escape angle, escape latency, as well as systemic esr1 and cyp19a mRNA abundances were altered by an interaction between E1 concentration and temperature. E1-exposed larval exhibited reduced escape performance across all tested temperatures, whereas decreased systemic dhpr mRNA abundance was observed only at 18 °C. E1-exposure reduced systemic mRNA abundances of amh, cyp19a, dhpr, and ryr1, while temperature significantly reduced systemic cyp19a and dhpr mRNA abundances. E1-exposure and temperature significant enhanced systemic mRNA abundances of esr1 and cyp19a, respectively. These complex results illustrate the importance of considering how abiotic factors may moderate the effects of contaminant exposure during the sensitive larval developmental stage, as temperature modulates effects of estrogenic exposure on animal performance and mRNA abundances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Cox
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| | - Jessica L Ward
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States; Department of Biology, Ball State University, Cooper Life Sciences Building. 2000 West University Avenue, Muncie, IN 47306, United States
| | - Michelle Matsuura
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| | - Raingsey Aing
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| | - Heiko L Schoenfuss
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shen R, Yu Y, Lan R, Yu R, Yuan Z, Xia Z. The cardiovascular toxicity induced by high doses of gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112861. [PMID: 31454568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a new type of pollutant, fluoroquinolones (FQs) antibiotics are ubiquitous in environment and have some threat to human health and ecological environment. Their ecological toxicity to the environment urgently need to be assessed. Therefore, we firstly explored the toxic effects and possible mechanism of cardiovascular toxicity induced by gatifloxacin (GTFX) and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) using zebrafish model. After 24 h exposure, the zebrafish treated with GTFX showed pericardial edema which was further investigated by histopathological examination, while CPFX exposure did not induce morphological abnormalities. However, both of them induced cardiac dysfunction, such as decreased heart rate and cardiac output which was showed a positive correlation with the concentration. To better understand the possible molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish, we investigated the transcriptional level of genes related to calcium signaling pathway and cardiac muscle contraction. The results indicated that the expression of ATPase (atp2a1l) and cardiac troponin C (tnnc1a) genes were significantly inhibited, the expression of calcium channel (cacna1ab) gene showed slight promoted trend after CPFX exposure. For zebrafish treated with GTFX, the expression of atp2a1l genes was also significantly inhibited, while the expression of tnnc1a genes was slightly inhibited and cacna1ab genes expression had no obvious effect. The present study firstly revealed that GTFX exposure can induce morphological and functional abnormalities on the cardiovascular system of zebrafish. Though CPFX exposure did not induce morphological abnormalities, the function of cardiovascular system was still damaged. Mechanistically, this toxicity might result from the pressure of down-regulation of genes associated with calcium signaling pathway and cardiac muscle contraction. The results of this study can provide a valuable theoretical basis for the establishment of FQs environmental quality standards in water environment, environmental drug regulation and risk management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shen
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Yichang Yu
- Research Center of Environmental Engineering Technology, Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Chongqing 401120, PR China
| | - Rong Lan
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Ran Yu
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Ze Yuan
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Zhining Xia
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cory WC, Welch AM, Ramirez JN, Rein LC. Naproxen and Its Phototransformation Products: Persistence and Ecotoxicity to Toad Tadpoles (Anaxyrus terrestris), Individually and in Mixtures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2008-2019. [PMID: 31403235 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Although pharmaceutical pollution is a global environmental concern, much remains unknown about the transformation of pharmaceuticals in the wild and their effects on wildlife. In the environment, pharmaceuticals typically transform to some extent into different, structurally related compounds. Pharmaceutical transformation products resulting from exposure to sunlight (i.e., ultraviolet radiation) in surface waters are of particular concern; these products can be more hydrophobic, persistent, and toxic than their parent compounds. In the present study, naproxen, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and its phototransformation products were studied to assess the overall persistence and photochemical fate of naproxen. Southern toad (Anaxyrus terrestris) larvae were used as model aquatic vertebrates to evaluate the acute toxicity of naproxen and its phototransformation products singly and in mixtures. The phototransformation products were observed to be more persistent and more toxic than naproxen itself. The slower phototransformation of the phototransformation products relative to naproxen suggests a greater potential to accumulate in the environment, particularly when naproxen is continually released. Mixtures of naproxen and its phototransformation products, in ratios observed during phototransformation, were more toxic than naproxen alone, as predicted by the model of concentration addition and the greater toxicity of the phototransformation products. Together, these results indicate that the ecological risk of naproxen may be underestimated by considering environmental levels of naproxen alone. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2008-2019. © 2019 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C Cory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Allison M Welch
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica N Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Luke C Rein
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Centazzo N, Frederick BM, Jacox A, Cheng SY, Concheiro-Guisan M. Wastewater analysis for nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, opioids and cannabis in New York City. Forensic Sci Res 2019; 4:152-167. [PMID: 31304444 PMCID: PMC6609350 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2019.1609388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
According to current surveys and overdoses data, there is a drug crisis in the USA. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an evolving discipline that analyses wastewater samples to detect drugs and metabolites to estimate drug consumption in a certain community. This study demonstrates how drug relative presence could be tracked by testing wastewater, providing real-time results, in different boroughs in New York City throughout 1 year. We developed and fully validated two analytical methods, one for 21 drugs and metabolites, including nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, opioids and cannabis markers; and another for the normalization factor creatinine. Both methods were performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using positive electrospray ionization, achieving a limit of quantification of 5–10 ng/L for drugs and metabolites, and 0.01 mg/L for creatinine. These methods were applied to 48 one-time grab wastewater samples collected from six wastewater treatment plants in New York City (Manhattan, The Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn), eight different times throughout 2016, before and after major holidays, including Memorial Day, 4th of July, Labour Day and New Year’s. In this study, the drug group normalized concentrations present in the wastewater samples, in decreasing order, were cocaine, nicotine, opioids, cannabis and amphetamines. When looking at individual compounds, the one with the highest normalized concentration was benzoylecgonine (BE), followed by cotinine, morphine and 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH). To estimate community use, these concentrations were multiplied by the corresponding correction factor, and the most present were THCCOOH, followed by BE, cotinine and morphine. When comparing the treatment plants by drug group (nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, opioids and cannabis), samples collected from The Bronx had the highest normalized concentrations for nicotine, cocaine and opioids; The Bronx and Manhattan for cannabis; and Manhattan and Queens for amphetamines. In most of the cases, no effect due to holiday was observed. This study provides the first snapshot of drug use in New York City and how that changes between key calendar dates employing wastewater analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Centazzo
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bonnie-Marie Frederick
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alethea Jacox
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shu-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta Concheiro-Guisan
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nilsen E, Smalling KL, Ahrens L, Gros M, Miglioranza KSB, Picó Y, Schoenfuss HL. Critical review: Grand challenges in assessing the adverse effects of contaminants of emerging concern on aquatic food webs. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:46-60. [PMID: 30294805 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in the past few decades in understanding the sources, transport, fate, and biological effects of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic ecosystems. Despite these advancements, significant obstacles still prevent comprehensive assessments of the environmental risks associated with the presence of CECs. Many of these obstacles center around the extrapolation of effects of single chemicals observed in the laboratory or effects found in individual organisms or species in the field to impacts of multiple stressors on aquatic food webs. In the present review, we identify 5 challenges that must be addressed to promote studies of CECs from singular exposure events to multispecies aquatic food web interactions. There needs to be: 1) more detailed information on the complexity of mixtures of CECs in the aquatic environment, 2) a greater understanding of the sublethal effects of CECs on a wide range of aquatic organisms, 3) an ascertaining of the biological consequences of variable duration CEC exposures within and across generations in aquatic species, 4) a linkage of multiple stressors with CEC exposure in aquatic systems, and 5) a documenting of the trophic consequences of CEC exposure across aquatic food webs. We examine the current literature to show how these challenges can be addressed to fill knowledge gaps. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:46-60. © 2018 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Nilsen
- US Geological Survey, Oregon Water Science Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kelly L Smalling
- US Geological Survey, New Jersey Water Science Center, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Meritxell Gros
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Spain
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Pollution, Mar del Plata University, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group, Center of Research on Desertification (CIDe), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Heiko L Schoenfuss
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Skees AJ, Foppe KS, Loganathan B, Subedi B. Contamination profiles, mass loadings, and sewage epidemiology of neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs in wastewater and river waters from a community in the Midwestern United States. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1457-1464. [PMID: 29727969 PMCID: PMC8003212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, residues of the neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs including stimulants, opioids, hallucinogens, antischizophrenics, sedatives, and antidepressants were determined in influent and effluent samples from a small wastewater treatment plant, a receiving creek, and river waters in the Four Rivers region of the Midwestern United States. Nineteen neuropsychiatric drugs, eight illicit drugs, and three metabolites of illicit drugs were detected and quantitated in the water samples using HPLC-MS/MS. Residual concentrations of the drugs varied from below the detection limit to sub-μg/L levels. The source of residual cocaine and benzoylecgonine in wastewater is primarily from human consumption of cocaine rather than direct disposal. Wastewater based epidemiology is utilized to estimate the community usage of drugs based on the concentration of drug residues in wastewater, wastewater inflow, and the population served by the centralized wastewater treatment plant. The per-capita consumption rate of methamphetamine (1740 mg/d/1000 people) and amphetamine (970 mg/d/1000 people) found in this study were the highest reported per-capita consumption rates in the USA. Antidepressant venlafaxine found to have the highest environmental emission from the WWTP (333 ± 160 mg/d/1000 people) followed by citalopram (132 ± 60.2 mg/d/1000 people), methamphetamine (111 ± 43.6 mg/d/1000 people), and hydrocodone (108 ± 90.1 mg/d/1000 people). Bee Creek, an immediate receiving water body, is found to be a source of several neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs including methamphetamine, methadone, alprazolam, oxazepam, temazepam, carbamazepine, venlafaxine, citalopram, sertraline, oxycodone, and hydrocodone (p < 0.036) in the Clarks River.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allie J Skees
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D. Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071-3300, USA
| | - Katelyn S Foppe
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D. Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071-3300, USA
| | - Bommanna Loganathan
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D. Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071-3300, USA; Watershed Studies Institute, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D. Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071-3300, USA
| | - Bikram Subedi
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D. Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071-3300, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li L, Wania F. Occurrence of Single- and Double-Peaked Emission Profiles of Synthetic Chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4684-4693. [PMID: 29582660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to elucidate the circumstances that can lead to two peaks in the temporal emission profile of synthetic chemicals. Using a simplified substance flow model, we explore how emission factors, product lifespan, and degradation half-life in waste stock influence the (i) relative importance of emissions from three lifecycle stages (industrial processes, use phase, and waste disposal), and (ii) the resulting composite emission profile. A double-peaked emission profile occurs if the lifespan of products containing the chemical is longer than its production history, and the gross emission factor from waste disposal exceeds that from the use phase. Since most chemicals fail to meet these two conditions, it is reasonable to use single-peaked emission profile as the default in environmental studies. On the basis of their emission profiles and contributions from individual lifecycle stages, we can categorize chemicals into "simple single-peakers", "composite single-peakers", and "double-peakers". Our simplified model derived emission profiles for five real chemicals that agree well with earlier, more sophisticated calculations, indicating the model's ability to capture the essential features of actual emissions. It is hoped that the model and conclusions in this work will benefit both environmental modelers and decision makers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences , University of Toronto Scarborough , 1265 Military Trail , Toronto , Ontario , Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Frank Wania
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences , University of Toronto Scarborough , 1265 Military Trail , Toronto , Ontario , Canada M1C 1A4
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cuco AP, Santos JI, Abrantes N, Gonçalves F, Wolinska J, Castro BB. Concentration and timing of application reveal strong fungistatic effect of tebuconazole in a Daphnia-microparasitic yeast model. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:144-151. [PMID: 29096087 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of pollutant effects on host-parasite relationships and disease spread, the main goal of this study was to assess the influence of different exposure scenarios for the fungicide tebuconazole (concentration×timing of application) on a Daphnia-microparasitic yeast experimental system. Previous results had demonstrated that tebuconazole is able to suppress Metschnikowia bicuspidata infection at ecologically-relevant concentrations; here, we aimed to obtain an understanding of the mechanism underlying the anti-parasitic (fungicidal or fungistatic) action of tebuconazole. We exposed the Daphnia-yeast system to four nominal tebuconazole concentrations at four timings of application (according to the predicted stage of parasite development), replicated on two Daphnia genotypes, in a fully crossed experiment. An "all-or-nothing" effect was observed, with tebuconazole completely suppressing infection from 13.5μgl-1 upwards, independent of the timing of tebuconazole application. A follow-up experiment confirmed that the suppression of infection occurred within a narrow range of tebuconazole concentrations (3.65-13.5μgl-1), although a later application of the fungicide had to be compensated for by a slight increase in concentration to elicit the same anti-parasitic effect. The mechanism behind this anti-parasitic effect seems to be the inhibition of M. bicuspidata sporulation, since tebuconazole was effective in preventing ascospore production even when applied at a later time. However, this fungicide also seemed to affect the vegetative growth of the yeast, as demonstrated by the enhanced negative effect of the parasite (increasing mortality in one of the host genotypes) at a later time of application of tebuconazole, when no signs of infection were observed. Fungicide contamination can thus affect the severity and spread of disease in natural populations, as well as the inherent co-evolutionary dynamics in host-parasite systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Cuco
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Joana I Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson Abrantes
- CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Justyna Wolinska
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno B Castro
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Meador JP, Yeh A, Gallagher EP. Determining potential adverse effects in marine fish exposed to pharmaceuticals and personal care products with the fish plasma model and whole-body tissue concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:1018-1029. [PMID: 28764109 PMCID: PMC5595653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The Fish Plasma Model (FPM) was applied to water exposure and tissue concentrations in fish collected from two wastewater treatment plant impacted estuarine sites. In this study we compared predicted fish plasma concentrations to Cmax values for humans, which represents the maximum plasma concentration for the minimum therapeutic dose. The results of this study show that predictions of plasma concentrations for a variety of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from effluent concentrations resulted in 37 compounds (54%) exceeding the response ratio (RR = Fish [Plasma]/1%Cmaxtotal) of 1 compared to 3 compounds (14%) detected with values generated with estuarine receiving water concentrations. When plasma concentrations were modeled from observed whole-body tissue residues, 16 compounds out of 24 detected for Chinook (67%) and 7 of 14 (50%) for sculpin resulted in an RRtissue value greater than 1, which highlights the importance of this dose metric over that using estuarine water. Because the tissue residue approach resulted in a high percentage of compounds with calculated response ratios exceeding a value of unity, we believe this is a more accurate representation for exposure in the field. Predicting plasma concentrations from tissue residues improves our ability to assess the potential for adverse effects in fish because exposure from all sources is captured. Tissue residues are also more likely to represent steady-state conditions compared to those from water exposure because of the inherent reduction in variability usually observed for field data and the time course for bioaccumulation. We also examined the RR in a toxic unit approach to highlight the importance of considering multiple compounds exhibiting a similar mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Meador
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Andrew Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Evan P Gallagher
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang Y, Ok YS, Kim KH, Kwon EE, Tsang YF. Occurrences and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in drinking water and water/sewage treatment plants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:303-320. [PMID: 28437649 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 641] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many of micropollutants have been widely detected because of continuous input of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) into the environment and newly developed state-of-the-art analytical methods. PPCP residues are frequently detected in drinking water sources, sewage treatment plants (STPs), and water treatment plants (WTPs) due to their universal consumption, low human metabolic capability, and improper disposal. When partially metabolized PPCPs are transferred into STPs, they elicit negative effects on biological treatment processes; therefore, conventional STPs are insufficient when it comes to PPCP removal. Furthermore, the excreted metabolites may become secondary pollutants and can be further modified in receiving water bodies. Several advanced treatment systems, including membrane filtration, granular activated carbon, and advanced oxidation processes, have been used for the effective removal of individual PPCPs. This review covers the occurrence patterns of PPCPs in water environments and the techniques adopted for their treatment in STP/WTP unit processes operating in various countries. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the removal and fate of PPCPs in different treatment facilities as well as the optimum methods for their elimination in STP and WTP systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ward JL, Cox MK, Schoenfuss H. Thermal modulation of anthropogenic estrogen exposure on a freshwater fish at two life stages. Horm Behav 2017; 94:21-32. [PMID: 28571937 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human-mediated environmental change can induce changes in the expression of complex behaviors within individuals and alter the outcomes of interactions between individuals. Although the independent effects of numerous stressors on aquatic biota are well documented (e.g., exposure to environmental contaminants), fewer studies have examined how natural variation in the ambient environment modulates these effects. In this study, we exposed reproductively mature and larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to three environmentally relevant concentrations (14, 22, and 65ng/L) of a common environmental estrogen, estrone (E1), at four water temperatures (15, 18, 21, and 24°C) reflecting natural spring and summer variation. We then conducted a series of behavioral experiments to assess the independent and interactive effects of temperature and estrogen exposure on intra- and interspecific interactions in three contexts with important fitness consequences; reproduction, foraging, and predator evasion. Our data demonstrated significant independent effects of temperature and/or estrogen exposure on the physiology, survival, and behavior of larval and adult fish. We also found evidence suggesting that thermal regime can modulate the effects of exposure on larval survival and predator-prey interactions, even within a relatively narrow range of seasonally fluctuating temperatures. These findings improve our understanding of the outcomes of interactions between anthropogenic stressors and natural abiotic environmental factors, and suggest that such interactions can have ecological and evolutionary implications for freshwater populations and communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Ward
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Cooper Life Science Building, Muncie, IN 47306, United States.
| | - M K Cox
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| | - H Schoenfuss
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue South, Saint Cloud, MN 56301, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stibany F, Ewald F, Miller I, Hollert H, Schäffer A. Improving the reliability of aquatic toxicity testing of hydrophobic chemicals via equilibrium passive dosing - A multiple trophic level case study on bromochlorophene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:96-104. [PMID: 28142058 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to improve the reliability and practicability of aquatic toxicity testing of hydrophobic chemicals based upon the model substance bromochlorophene (BCP). Therefore, we adapted a passive dosing format to test the toxicity of BCP at different concentrations and in multiple test systems with aquatic organisms of various trophic levels. At the same time, the method allowed for the accurate determination of exposure concentrations (i.e., in the presence of exposed organisms; Ctest) and freely dissolved concentrations (i.e., without organisms present; Cfree) of BCP in all tested media. We report on the joint adaptation of three ecotoxicity tests - algal growth inhibition, Daphnia magna immobilization, and fish-embryo toxicity - to a silicone O-ring based equilibrium passive dosing format. Effect concentrations derived by passive dosing methods were compared with corresponding effect concentrations derived by standard co-solvent setups. The passive dosing format led to EC50-values in the lower μgL-1 range for algae, daphnids, and fish embryos, whereas increased effect concentrations were measured in the co-solvent setups for algae and daphnids. This effect once more shows that passive dosing might offer advantages over standard methods like co-solvent setups when it comes to a reliable risk assessment of hydrophobic substances. The presented passive dosing setup offers a facilitated, practical, and repeatable way to test hydrophobic chemicals on their toxicity to aquatic organisms, and is an ideal basis for the detailed investigation of this important group of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stibany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Franziska Ewald
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ina Miller
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Wang Z, Li R, Wu F, Feng C, Ye C, Yan C. Estrogenic compound profiles in an urbanized industry-impacted coastal bay and potential risk assessment by pollution indices and multivariative statistical methods. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:397-407. [PMID: 27677392 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of target estrogenic compounds in a highly urbanized industry-impacted coastal bay were investigated, and contamination profiles were evaluated by estimating total estradiol equivalents (∑EEQs) and risk quotients (RQs). Phenolic compounds were the most abundant xenoestrogens, but seldom showed contribution to the ∑EEQs. The diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were the major contributors followed by 17β-estradiol (E2) in comparison with a slight contribution from estrone (E1) and estriol (E3). Both ∑EEQs and RQs indicated likely adverse effects posed on resident organisms. Further, multivariate statistical method comprehensively revealed pollution status by visualized factor scores and identified multiple "hotspots" of estrogenic sources, demonstrating the presence of complex pollution risk gradients inside and particularly outside of bay area. Overall, this study favors the integrative utilization of pollution indices and factor analysis as powerful tool to scientifically diagnose the pollution characterization of human-derived chemicals for better management decisions in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaosheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lagesson A, Fahlman J, Brodin T, Fick J, Jonsson M, Byström P, Klaminder J. Bioaccumulation of five pharmaceuticals at multiple trophic levels in an aquatic food web - Insights from a field experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:208-215. [PMID: 27295593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals derived from manufacturing and human consumption contaminate surface waters worldwide. To what extent such pharmaceutical contamination accumulates and disperses over time in different compartments of aquatic food webs is not well known. In this study we assess to what extent five pharmaceuticals (diphenhydramine, oxazepam, trimethoprim, diclofenac, and hydroxyzine) are taken up by fish (European perch) and four aquatic invertebrate taxa (damselfly larvae, mayfly larvae, waterlouse, and ramshorn snail), by tracing their bioconcentrations over several months in a semi-natural large-scale (pond) system. The results suggest both significant differences among drugs in their capacity to bioaccumulate and differences among species in uptake. While no support for in situ uptake of diclofenac and trimethoprim was found, oxazepam, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine were detected in all analyzed species. Here, the highest bioaccumulation factor (tissue:water ratio) was found for hydroxyzine. In the food web, the highest concentrations were found in the benthic species ramshorn snail and waterlouse, indicating that bottom-living organism at lower trophic positions are the prime receivers of the pharmaceuticals. In general, concentrations in the biota decreased over time in response to decreasing water concentrations. However, two interesting exceptions to this trend were noted. First, mayfly larvae (primarily grazers) showed peak concentrations (a fourfold increase) of oxazepam, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine about 30days after initial addition of pharmaceuticals. Second, perch (top-predator) showed an increase in concentrations of oxazepam throughout the study period. Our results show that drugs can remain bioavailable for aquatic organism for long time periods (weeks to months) and even re-enter the food web at a later time. As such, for an understanding of accumulation and dispersion of pharmaceuticals in aquatic food webs, detailed ecological knowledge is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lagesson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Fahlman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - T Brodin
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - M Jonsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - P Byström
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Klaminder
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Salierno JD, Lopes M, Rivera M. Latent effects of early life stage exposure to triclosan on survival in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:695-702. [PMID: 27333258 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1191908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early life stage triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4, dichlorophenoxy)phenol, TCS) exposure on hatching, development, and survival in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Embryonic minnows were exposed to TCS (50 and 100 µg L-1) for 10 days followed by 6 weeks depuration. Mortality and morphological deformities were recorded and quantified during exposure and at the end of depuration. No significant effects on embryonic survival, time to reach the eyed stage, or hatching were found. However, at the conclusion of the depuration period, survival was significantly reduced in TCS exposed fish depending on the concentration. Visual inspection of the exposed fish suggests that mortality is related to spinal deformities, emaciation, and reduced foraging ability. Triclosan exhibits deleterious effects in fish at lower concentrations over longer durations than previously reported. Further, mortality in exposed fish 6 weeks after exposure demonstrates the need for various exposure assays to evaluate effects of TCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James D Salierno
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| | - Melissa Lopes
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| | - Michelle Rivera
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lindholm-Lehto PC, Ahkola HSJ, Knuutinen JS, Koistinen J, Lahti K, Vahtera H, Herve SH. Suitability of passive sampling for the monitoring of pharmaceuticals in Finnish surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:18043-18054. [PMID: 27255325 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of five pharmaceuticals, consisting of four anti-inflammatory and one antiepileptic drug, was studied by passive sampling and grab sampling in northern Lake Päijänne and River Vantaa. The passive sampling was performed by using Chemcatcher® sampler with a SDB-RPS Empore disk as a receiving phase. In Lake Päijänne, the sampling was conducted during summer 2013 at four locations near the discharge point of a wastewater treatment plant and in the years 2013 and 2015 at four locations along River Vantaa. The samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The concentrations of carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen in Lake Päijänne determined by passive sampling ranged between 1.4-2.9 ng L(-1), 15-35 ng L(-1), 13-31 ng L(-1), 16-27 ng L(-1), and 3.3-32 ng L(-1), respectively. Similarly, the results in River Vantaa ranged between 1.2-40 ng L(-1), 15-65 ng L(-1), 13-33 ng L(-1), 16-31 ng L(-1), and 3.3-6.4 ng L(-1). The results suggest that the Chemcatcher passive samplers are suitable for detecting pharmaceuticals in lake and river waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra C Lindholm-Lehto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Heidi S J Ahkola
- Laboratory Centre, Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Survontie 9 A, FI-40500, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha S Knuutinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaana Koistinen
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, J.A. Palménin tie 260, FI-10900, Hanko, Finland
| | - Kirsti Lahti
- The Water Protection Association of the River Vantaa and Helsinki Region, Asemapäällikönkatu 12 B, FI-00520, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Vahtera
- The Water Protection Association of the River Vantaa and Helsinki Region, Asemapäällikönkatu 12 B, FI-00520, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa H Herve
- Laboratory Centre, Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Survontie 9 A, FI-40500, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Daughton CG. Pharmaceuticals and the Environment (PiE): Evolution and impact of the published literature revealed by bibliometric analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:391-426. [PMID: 27104492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The evolution and impact of the published literature surrounding the transdisciplinary, multifaceted topic of pharmaceuticals as contaminants in the environment is examined for the first time in an historical context. The preponderance of literature cited in this examination represents the earlier works. As an historical chronology, the focus is on the emergence of key, specific aspects of the overall topic (often termed PiE) in the published literature and on the most highly cited works. This examination is not a conventional, technical review of the literature; as such, little attention was devoted to the more recent literature. The many dimensions involved with PiE span over 70years of published literature. Some articles began to appear in published works in the 1940s and earlier, while others only began to receive attention in the 1990s and later. Decades of early research on what at the time seemed to be disconnected topics eventually coalesced in the mid-to-late 1990s around a number of interconnected concerns and issues that now comprise PiE. Major objectives are to provide a new perspective to the topic, to facilitate more efficient and effective review of the literature by others, and to recognize the more significant, seminal contributions to the advancement of PiE as a field of research. Some of the most highly cited articles in all of environmental science now involve PiE. As of April 2015, a core group of 385 PiE articles had each received at least 200 citations; one had received 5424 citations. But hundreds of additional articles also played important roles in the evolution and advancement of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian G Daughton
- Environmental Futures Analysis Branch, Systems Exposure Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schoenfuss HL, Furlong ET, Phillips PJ, Scott TM, Kolpin DW, Cetkovic-Cvrlje M, Lesteberg KE, Rearick DC. Complex mixtures, complex responses: Assessing pharmaceutical mixtures using field and laboratory approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:953-65. [PMID: 26561986 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are present in low concentrations (<100 ng/L) in most municipal wastewater effluents but may be elevated locally because of factors such as input from pharmaceutical formulation facilities. Using existing concentration data, the authors assessed pharmaceuticals in laboratory exposures of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and added environmental complexity through effluent exposures. In the laboratory, larval and mature minnows were exposed to a simple opioid mixture (hydrocodone, methadone, and oxycodone), an opioid agonist (tramadol), a muscle relaxant (methocarbamol), a simple antidepressant mixture (fluoxetine, paroxetine, venlafaxine), a sleep aid (temazepam), or a complex mixture of all compounds. Larval minnow response to effluent exposure was not consistent. The 2010 exposures resulted in shorter exposed minnow larvae, whereas the larvae exposed in 2012 exhibited altered escape behavior. Mature minnows exhibited altered hepatosomatic indices, with the strongest effects in females and in mixture exposures. In addition, laboratory-exposed, mature male minnows exposed to all pharmaceuticals (except the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor mixture) defended nest sites less rigorously than fish in the control group. Tramadol or antidepressant mixture exposure resulted in increased splenic T lymphocytes. Only male minnows exposed to whole effluent responded with increased plasma vitellogenin concentrations. Female minnows exposed to pharmaceuticals (except the opioid mixture) had larger livers, likely as a compensatory result of greater prominence of vacuoles in liver hepatocytes. The observed alteration of apical endpoints central to sustaining fish populations confirms that effluents containing waste streams from pharmaceutical formulation facilities can adversely impact fish populations but that the effects may not be temporally consistent. The present study highlights the importance of including diverse biological endpoints spanning levels of biological organization and life stages when assessing contaminant interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko L Schoenfuss
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| | - Edward T Furlong
- National Water Quality Laboratory, US Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Pat J Phillips
- New York Science Center, US Geological Survey, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Tia-Marie Scott
- New York Science Center, US Geological Survey, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- Iowa Water Science Center, US Geological Survey, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Kelsey E Lesteberg
- Laboratory for Immunology, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel C Rearick
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Saunders LJ, Mazumder A, Lowe CJ. Pharmaceutical concentrations in screened municipal wastewaters in Victoria, British Columbia: A comparison with prescription rates and predicted concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:919-929. [PMID: 26363402 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging chemicals of concern detected in surface waters globally. Recent reviews advocate that PPCP occurrence, fate, and exposure need to be better predicted and characterized. The use of pharmaceutical prescription rates to estimate PPCP concentrations in the environment has been suggested. Concentrations of 7 pharmaceuticals (acetylsalicylic acid, diclofenac, fenoprofen, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen) were measured in municipal wastewater using gas chromatography/ion trap-tandem mass spectroscopy (GC/IT-MS/MS). Subregional pharmaceutical prescription data were investigated to determine whether they could predict measured effluent concentrations (MECs) in wastewaters. Predicted effluent concentrations (PECs) for 5 of the 7 pharmaceuticals were within 2-fold agreement of the MECs when the fraction of parent pharmaceutical excreted was not considered. When the fraction of parent pharmaceutical excreted was considered, the respective PECs decreased, and most were within an order of magnitude of the MECs. Regression relationships of monthly PECs versus MECs were statistically significant (p < 0.05) but weak (R(2) = 0.18-0.56) for all pharmaceuticals except ketoprofen. This suggests high variability in the data and may be the result of factors influencing MECs such as the analytical methods used, wastewater sampling frequency, and methodology. The PECs were based solely on prescription rates and did not account for inputs of pharmaceuticals that had a significant over-the-counter component or were from other sources (e.g., hospitals).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Asit Mazumder
- Water and Aquatic Sciences Research Program, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Lowe
- Water and Aquatic Sciences Research Program, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Capital Regional District, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Du B, Haddad SP, Luek A, Scott WC, Saari GN, Burket SR, Breed CS, Kelly M, Broach L, Rasmussen JB, Chambliss CK, Brooks BW. Bioaccumulation of human pharmaceuticals in fish across habitats of a tidally influenced urban bayou. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:966-74. [PMID: 26587912 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Though pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern are increasingly observed in inland water bodies, the occurrence and bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals in estuaries and coastal ecosystems are poorly understood. In the present study, bioaccumulation of select pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern was examined in fish from Buffalo Bayou, a tidally influenced urban ecosystem that receives effluent from a major (∼200 million gallons per day) municipal wastewater treatment plant in Houston, Texas, USA. Using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, various target analytes were observed in effluent, surface water, and multiple fish species. The trophic position of each species was determined using stable isotope analysis. Fish tissue levels of diphenhydramine, which represented the only pharmaceutical detected in all fish species, did not significantly differ between freshwater and marine fish predominantly inhabiting benthic habitats; however, saltwater fish with pelagic habitat preferences significantly accumulated diphenhydramine to the highest levels observed in the present study. Consistent with previous observations from an effluent-dependent freshwater river, diphenhydramine did not display trophic magnification, which suggests site-specific, pH-influenced inhalational uptake to a greater extent than dietary exposure in this tidally influenced urban ecosystem. The findings highlight the importance of understanding differential bioaccumulation and risks of ionizable contaminants of emerging concern in habitats of urbanizing coastal systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Du
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel P Haddad
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Andreas Luek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - W Casan Scott
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Gavin N Saari
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - S Rebekah Burket
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher S Breed
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Kelly
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linda Broach
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph B Rasmussen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lindholm-Lehto PC, Ahkola HSJ, Knuutinen JS, Herve SH. Widespread occurrence and seasonal variation of pharmaceuticals in surface waters and municipal wastewater treatment plants in central Finland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7985-97. [PMID: 26769590 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5997-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The presence of five selected pharmaceuticals, consisting of four anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, and an antiepileptic drug carbamazepine, was determined at four municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and in the receiving waterway in central Finland. The samples were taken from influents and effluents of the WWTPs and from surface water of six locations along the water way, including northern Lake Päijänne. In addition, seasonal variation in the area was determined by comparing the concentrations in the winter and summer. The samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The concentrations in the influents and effluents ranged from hundreds of nanogram per liter to microgram per liter while ranged from tens of nanogram per liter in northern parts of the waterway to hundreds of nanogram per liter in northern Lake Päijänne near the city area. In addition, the concentrations were higher in the winter compared to summer time in surface water due to decreased temperature and solar irradiation. On the other hand, higher concentrations of ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen were found in summer at the WWTPs, possibly due to seasonal variations in consumption. In conclusion, there are considerable amounts of pharmaceuticals not only in influents and effluents of the WWTPs but also in lake water along the waterway and in northern Lake Päijänne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra C Lindholm-Lehto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Heidi S J Ahkola
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Laboratory Centre, Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Survontie 9A, FI-40500, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha S Knuutinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sirpa H Herve
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Laboratory Centre, Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Survontie 9A, FI-40500, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Moreno-González R, Rodríguez-Mozaz S, Huerta B, Barceló D, León VM. Do pharmaceuticals bioaccumulate in marine molluscs and fish from a coastal lagoon? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 146:282-298. [PMID: 26775009 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation of 20 pharmaceuticals in cockle (Cerastodema glaucum), noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis), sea snail (Murex trunculus), golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and black goby (Gobius niger) was evaluated, considering their distribution throughout the Mar Menor lagoon and their variations in spring and autumn 2010. The analytical procedure was adapted for the different matrices as being sensitive and reproducible. Eighteen out of the 20 compounds analysed were found at low ngg(-1) in these species throughout the lagoon. Hydrochlorothiazide and carbamazepine were detected in all species considered. The bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals was heterogeneous in the lagoon, with a higher number of pharmaceuticals being detected in fish (18) than in wild molluscs (8), particularly in golden grey mullet muscle (16). В-blockers and psychiatric drugs were preferentially bioccumulated in fish and hydrochlorothiazide was also confirmed in caged clams. The higher detection frequency and concentrations found in golden grey mullet suggested that mugilids could be used as an indicator of contamination by pharmaceuticals in coastal areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows data about hydrochlorothiazide, levamisole and codeine in wild marine biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Moreno-González
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Apdo. 22, C/ Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Rodríguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H2O, Emili Grahit, 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - B Huerta
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H2O, Emili Grahit, 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA)-Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H2O, Emili Grahit, 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - V M León
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Apdo. 22, C/ Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Borgatta M, Waridel P, Decosterd LA, Buclin T, Chèvre N. Multigenerational effects of the anticancer drug tamoxifen and its metabolite 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen on Daphnia pulex. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 545-546:21-29. [PMID: 26745289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen and its metabolite 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4OHTam) are two potent molecules that have anticancer properties on breast cancers. Their medical use is expected to increase with the increasing global cancer rate. After consumption, patients excrete tamoxifen and the 4OHTam metabolite into wastewaters, and tamoxifen has been already detected in wastewaters and natural waters. The concentrations of 4OHTam in waters have never been reported. A single study reported 4OHTam effects on the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex. The effects of tamoxifen and 4OHTam over more than two generations are unknown in aquatic invertebrates. The main goal of this study was to assess the long-term sensitivity of the microcrustacean D. pulex over four generations, based on size, reproduction, viability and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r). Additional experiments were carried out to observe whether the effects of tamoxifen and 4OHTam were reversible in the next generation after descendants were withdrawn from chemical stress (i.e., recovery experiment), and whether the lowest test concentration of each chemical induced toxic effects when both concentrations were combined (i.e., mixture experiments). Our results showed that tamoxifen and 4OHTam induced the adverse effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. Tamoxifen and 4OHTam impaired size, viability, reproduction and the r in four generations of treated D. pulex, but these effects were not clearly magnified over generations. Tamoxifen was more potent than 4OHTam on D. pulex. When used in a mixture, the combination of tamoxifen and 4OHTam induced effects in offspring, whereas no effects were observed when these chemicals were tested individually. In the recovery experiment, the reproduction and size were reduced in offspring withdrawn from chemical exposures. Our results suggested that tamoxifen and its metabolite may be a relevant pharmaceutical to consider in risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Borgatta
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Waridel
- Protein Analysis Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent-Arthur Decosterd
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Centre of the Canton of Vaud (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buclin
- Protein Analysis Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Chèvre
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Daughton CG. In response: Government perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:266-268. [PMID: 26808909 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian G Daughton
- Systems Exposure Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ruhí A, Acuña V, Barceló D, Huerta B, Mor JR, Rodríguez-Mozaz S, Sabater S. Bioaccumulation and trophic magnification of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in a Mediterranean river food web. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 540:250-9. [PMID: 26170111 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence exists that emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals (PhACs) and endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) can be bioaccumulated by aquatic organisms. However, the relative role of trophic transfers in the acquisition of emerging pollutants by aquatic organisms remains largely unexplored. In freshwater ecosystems, wastewater treatment plants are a major source of PhACs and EDCs. Here we studied the entrance of emerging pollutants and their flow through riverine food webs in an effluent-influenced river. To this end we assembled a data set on the composition and concentrations of a broad spectrum of PhACs (25 compounds) and EDCs (12 compounds) in water, biofilm, and three aquatic macroinvertebrate taxa with different trophic positions and feeding strategies (Ancylus fluviatilis, Hydropsyche sp., Phagocata vitta). We tested for similarities in pollutant levels among these compartments, and we compared observed bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) to those predicted by a previously-developed empirical model based on octanol-water distribution coefficients (Dow). Despite a high variation in composition and levels of emerging pollutants across food web compartments, observed BAFs in Hydropsyche and Phagocata matched, on average, those already predicted. Three compounds (the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, the lipid regulator gemfibrozil, and the flame retardant TBEP) were detected in water, biofilm and (at least) one macroinvertebrate taxa. TBEP was the only compound present in all taxa and showed magnification across trophic levels. This suggests that prey consumption may be, in some cases, a significant exposure route. This study advances the notion that both waterborne exposure and trophic interactions need to be taken into account when assessing the potential ecological risks of emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ruhí
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
| | - Vicenç Acuña
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Belinda Huerta
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi-Rene Mor
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Sergi Sabater
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng K, Zheng X, Yu F, Ma J. Removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution using long TiO2 nanotubes with a high specific surface area. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17956d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long TiO2 nanotubes (TNs) were successfully prepared by the reaction of TiO2 and NaOH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- Nanjing Institute of Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. of China
| | - Xingye Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- Nanjing Institute of Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. of China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 2001418
- P. R. of China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- P. R. of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Boethling R. Present, bioaccumulative, and toxic: Sufficient for PBT? INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2016; 12:204-205. [PMID: 26745360 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
46
|
Xing Y, Chen X, Zhuang J, Chen X. What happens when pharmaceuticals meet colloids. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:2100-2114. [PMID: 26427370 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals (PCs) have been widely detected in natural environment due to agricultural application of reclaimed water, sludge and animal wastes. Their potential risks to various ecosystems and even to human health have caused great concern; however, little was known about their environmental behaviors. Colloids (such as clays, metal oxides, and particulate organics) are kind of substances that are active and widespread in the environment. When PCs meet colloids, their interaction may influence the fate, transport, and toxicity of PCs. This review summarizes the progress of studies on the role of colloids in mediating the environmental behaviors of PCs. Synthesized results showed that colloids can adsorb PCs mainly through ion exchange, complexation and non-electrostatic interactions. During this process the structure of colloids and the stability of PCs may be changed. The adsorbed PCs may have higher risks to induce antibiotic resistance; besides, their transport may also be altered considering they have great chance to move with colloids. Solution conditions (such as pH, ionic strength, and cations) could influence these interactions between PCs and colloids, as they can change the forms of PCs and alter the primary forces between PCs and colloids in the solution. It could be concluded that PCs in natural soils could bind with colloids and then co-transport during the processes of irrigation, leaching, and erosion. Therefore, colloid-PC interactions need to be understood for risk assessment of PCs and the best management practices of various ecosystems (such as agricultural and wetland systems).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Voulvoulis N, Barceló D, Verlicchi P. Pharmaceutical Residues in Sewage Treatment Works and their Fate in the Receiving Environment. PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782622345-00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are increasingly used in large amounts in human (and veterinary) medicine around the world. They reach the aquatic environment mainly through sewage treatment systems and can reach μg l−1 levels. The continual input of pharmaceuticals to the aquatic environment, via sewage, can also impart a persistent quality to compounds that otherwise possess no inherent environmental stability. While the literature contains increasing numbers of studies detailing fate, effects and behaviour in the environment, the subject is still not fully understood for all the different therapeutic classes. The toxicological significance for non-target (especially aquatic) organisms is poorly understood. The use/release of antibiotics and natural/synthetic steroids to the environment has generated most of the concern to date, but a plethora of other drugs are increasingly attracting attention, as their biological activity alone may support ecotoxicity assessments of those compounds with high production volumes (or toxicity), especially in view of the increasing importance of freshwater resources. Pharmaceuticals display a variety of removal efficiencies during wastewater treatment and their fate and behaviour are not determined by their physicochemical properties alone. Despite the fact that many drugs have high sorption potentials, partitioning to the solid phase was determined to be an unlikely removal pathway for the majority of compounds. The partitioning behaviour of these compounds both in sewage treatment and the aquatic environment is likely to be dictated by a number of physicochemical parameters. Findings also indicate that the costs of using tertiary treatment options (mainly based on drinking water treatment) to remove drugs from wastewater effluent are likely to be prohibitively expensive, and potentially undesirable, due sustainability implications. While adjusting existing treatment parameters may increase the removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals, any changes to sewage treatment parameters would need to be offset against the economic and environmental costs. Likewise, any regulations on drug use must be balanced against health benefits. If receiving waters are used for potable supplies, the presence of these compounds may (although it is unlikely) represent a potential hazard to human health, especially in areas without advanced water treatment. The focus for future research should therefore be on proper and sufficient science for establishing the occurrence, exposure and effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment, so that sound decisions can be made regarding human and ecological health.
Collapse
|
48
|
Borgatta M, Decosterd LA, Waridel P, Buclin T, Chèvre N. The anticancer drug metabolites endoxifen and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen induce toxic effects on Daphnia pulex in a two-generation study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 520:232-40. [PMID: 25817760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although pharmaceutical metabolites are found in the aquatic environment, their toxicity on living organisms is poorly studied in general. Endoxifen and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4OHTam) are two metabolites of the widely used anticancer drug tamoxifen for the prevention and treatment of breast cancers. Both metabolites have a high pharmacological potency in vertebrates, attributing prodrug characteristics to tamoxifen. Tamoxifen and its metabolites are body-excreted by patients, and the parent compound is found in sewage treatment plan effluents and natural waters. The toxicity of these potent metabolites on non-target aquatic species is unknown, which forces environmental risk assessors to predict their toxicity on aquatic species using knowledge on the parent compounds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of two generations of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia pulex towards 4OHTam and endoxifen. Two chronic tests of 4OHTam and endoxifen were run in parallel and several endpoints were assessed. The results show that the metabolites 4OHTam and endoxifen induced reproductive and survival effects. For both metabolites, the sensitivity of D. pulex increased in the second generation. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) decreased with increasing 4OHTam and endoxifen concentrations. The No-Observed Effect Concentrations (NOECs) calculated for the reproduction of the second generation exposed to 4OHTam and endoxifen were <1.8 and 4.3 μg/L, respectively, whereas the NOECs that were calculated for the intrinsic rate of natural increase were <1.8 and 0.4 μg/L, respectively. Our study raises questions about prodrug and active metabolites in environmental toxicology assessments of pharmaceuticals. Our findings also emphasize the importance of performing long-term experiments and considering multi-endpoints instead of the standard reproduction outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Borgatta
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent-Arthur Decosterd
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Centre of the Canton of Vaud (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Patrice Waridel
- Protein Analysis Facility, Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buclin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Centre of the Canton of Vaud (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Chèvre
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Developing analytical approaches to explore the connection between endocrine-active pharmaceuticals in water to effects in fish. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6481-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
50
|
Bioaccumulation of Emerging Contaminants in Aquatic Biota: Patterns of Pharmaceuticals in Mediterranean River Networks. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_5015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|