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Bouazzaoui A, Abdellatif AA. Vaccine delivery systems and administration routes: Advanced biotechnological techniques to improve the immunization efficacy. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100500. [PMID: 38873639 PMCID: PMC11170481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the first use of vaccine tell the last COVID-19 pandemic caused by spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, the use of advanced biotechnological techniques has accelerated the development of different types and methods for immunization. The last pandemic showed that the nucleic acid-based vaccine, especially mRNA, has an advantage in terms of development time; however, it showed a very critical drawback namely, the higher costs when compared to other strategies, and its inability to protect against new variants. This showed the need of more improvement to reach a better delivery and efficacy. In this review we will describe different vaccine delivery systems including, the most used viral vector, and also variable strategies for delivering of nucleic acid-based vaccines especially lipid-based nanoparticles formulation, polymersomes, electroporation and also the new powerful tools for the delivery of mRNA, which is based on the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Additionally, we will also discuss the main challenges associated with each system. Finlay, the efficacy and safety of the vaccines depends not only on the formulations and delivery systems, but also the dosage and route of administration are also important players, therefore we will see the different routes for the vaccine administration including traditionally routes (intramuscular, Transdermal, subcutaneous), oral inhalation or via nasal mucosa, and will describe the advantages and disadvantage of each administration route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452 Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
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King EJ, Averyanova Y, Meylakhs P, Aleksandrova E. Motivators and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Russia. Glob Health Promot 2024:17579759241254347. [PMID: 39066644 DOI: 10.1177/17579759241254347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is one of the major roadblocks to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about individuals' motivators and barriers to vaccination in Russia. We aimed to determine which factors were associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Russia. We conducted a cross-sectional, online survey across Russia at the end of 2021, during a time with increasing new cases of COVID-19. We used the Health Belief Model to test which of the constructs were associated with vaccine acceptance and controlled for demographic variables in the multivariate logistic regression analysis among our analytic sample of 550 respondents. About one-fifth (18.5%) of our study respondents reported vaccine hesitancy. Our multivariate analysis showed that perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and friends and family supporting vaccination (cue to action) all contributed to the likelihood of whether or not an individual was accepting of the COVID-19 vaccine. Analysis of our open-ended questions showed that individuals also considered the following factors in making decisions to vaccinate for COVID-19: policy restrictions, less worry, social responsibility, lack of trust, conspiracy theories, concerns about side effects and contraindications. Our results demonstrated the Health Belief Model to be a useful framework for understanding COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Russia. Our study results highlight the need to focus on health beliefs in order to develop interventions to improve vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J King
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Peter Meylakhs
- Center for Public Health Studies, Sechenov University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Szalai E, Nagy K, Kolkedi Z, Csutak A. Corneal nerve fiber morphology following COVID-19 infection in vaccinated and non-vaccinated population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16801. [PMID: 39039160 PMCID: PMC11263336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To examine corneal subbasal nerve changes in patients who received vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus and underwent COVID-19 infection compared to infected non-vaccinated patients and healthy controls. Twenty-nine eyes of 29 vaccinated patients (mean age: 36.66 ± 12.25 years) within six months after PCR or Ag test proven COVID-19 infection and twenty-eight eyes of 28 age-matched infected, non-vaccinated patients (mean age: 42.14 ± 14.17 years) were enrolled. Twenty-five age-matched healthy individuals (mean age: 47.52 ± 18.45 years) served as controls. In vivo confocal microscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II Rostock Cornea Module, Germany) was performed in each group. Corneal subbasal nerve plexus morphology and corneal dendritic cells (DC) were evaluated. Significantly higher corneal nerve fiber density (P < 0.001), nerve branch density (P < 0.001), nerve fiber length (P < 0.001), total branch density (P = 0.007), nerve fiber area (P = 0.001) and fractal dimension (P < 0.001) values were observed in vaccinated patients after COVID-19 infection compared to the non-vaccinated group. Significantly higher DC density was observed in the non-vaccinated group compared to the control group (P = 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the size of mature DCs (P < 0.0001) but the size of immature DCs did not differ significantly among the 3 groups (P = 0.132). Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may have a protective effect against the complications of COVID-19 disease on the corneal subbasal nerve fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szalai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pécs Medical School, Rákóczi U. 2, Pécs, 7623, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Nagy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pécs Medical School, Rákóczi U. 2, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Kolkedi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pécs Medical School, Rákóczi U. 2, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
| | - Adrienne Csutak
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pécs Medical School, Rákóczi U. 2, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
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Wu X, Li W, Rong H, Pan J, Zhang X, Hu Q, Shi ZL, Zhang XE, Cui Z. A Nanoparticle Vaccine Displaying Conserved Epitopes of the Preexisting Neutralizing Antibody Confers Broad Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Variants. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17749-17763. [PMID: 38935412 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has been used to prevent the spread of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). However, the ongoing and future pandemics caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants and mutations underscore the need for effective vaccines that provide broad-spectrum protection. Here, we developed a nanoparticle vaccine with broad protection against divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants. The corresponding conserved epitopes of the preexisting neutralizing (CePn) antibody were presented on a self-assembling Helicobacter pylori ferritin to generate the CePnF nanoparticle. Intranasal immunization of mice with CePnF nanoparticles induced robust humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses and a long-lasting immunity. The CePnF-induced antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity and neutralizing activity against different coronaviruses (CoVs). CePnF vaccination significantly inhibited the replication and pathology of SARS-CoV-2 Delta, WIV04, and Omicron strains in hACE2 transgenic mice and, thus, conferred broad protection against these SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our constructed nanovaccine targeting the conserved epitopes of the preexisting neutralizing antibodies can serve as a promising candidate for a universal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingdi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Li Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Myrzakhmetova BS, Zhapparova GA, Bisenbayeva KB, Toytanova AS, Tuyskanova MS, Zhugunissov KD, Kutumbetov LB. Immune reactivity of two biological models to vaccination with inactivated vaccine QazVac against coronavirus infection COVID-19. Vopr Virusol 2024; 69:219-230. [PMID: 38996371 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Specific prevention of a number of infectious diseases has been introduced into the vaccination schedule. The production of immunoprophylactic drugs, in order to establish standard properties, including safety and specific effectiveness, requires strict adherence to manufacturing regulations, and the reliability of the results obtained requires monitoring of these parameters. The specific effectiveness of vaccine preparations is standardized according to the indicators of stimulation of specific antibody response formed in the body of vaccinated model biological objects. OBJECTIVE Determination of the immune reactivity of white mice to vaccination with the QazVac vaccine to establish the possibility of using them as a biological model in assessing the immunogenicity of the vaccine instead of Syrian hamsters. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immune reactivity of model animals was assessed by the seroconversion rate, dynamics of antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 virus formed in the body after vaccination with the test vaccine. In the case of seropositivity of animals before administration of vaccine or placebo, the level of immune reactivity was calculated by the difference in antibody titers between control and vaccinated animals or by the difference in antibody titers before and after immunization. Specific antibodies were detected and their titer was determined using a neutralization reaction. RESULTS The research results showed that the tested biological models had approximately the same immune reactivity to the administration of the QazVac vaccine, confirmed by the level and dynamics of antibody titers. When analyzing the fold increase in antibody titers in comparison to those of control animals, Syrian hamsters were more reactive compared to mice. But SPF white mice were standardized in their lack of the immune reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 virus before the immunization. CONCLUSION The data obtained indicate that the immune reactivity of white mice to the administration of the QazVac vaccine in terms of the rate and dynamics of the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies is approximately equivalent to the immune reactivity of Syrian hamsters. Before immunization with the vaccine, SPF white mice, in contrast to Syrian hamsters, do not have humoral immunity specific to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The immune reactivity equivalent to that observed of Syrian hamsters and the absence of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus at a baseline indicate the superiority of the use of white mice in assessing the immunogenicity of vaccines against COVID-19 and/or obtaining specific factors of humoral immunity.
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Kasana H, Ade AK, Meena J, Sayal A, Sheikh F, Anvikar AR, Chander H. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expression as an identification in quality control testing for Adenovector based COVID-19 vaccine. J Immunol Methods 2024; 529:113680. [PMID: 38703946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM Quality control testing of the vaccine for lot release is of paramount importance in public health. A recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus brought together all spheres of vaccine to combat the virus. The scientific advancement in the development of vaccines facilitated the scientists to develop the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in a record time. Thus, these vaccines should be stringently monitored for their safety and efficacy as per the latest WHO and national regulatory guidelines, and quality control evaluation of the product should be done at national control laboratories before releasing the product into the market as it assures the quality and safety of the vaccine. METHODS The SARS-CoV-2 exploited the ACE2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2) receptor, a surface protein on mammalian cells to gain entry into the host cells. The viral surface protein that interacted with the ACE2 receptor is the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, in the development of the vaccine and assessing its quality, the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 became an attractive immunodominant antigen. In National Institute of Biologicals, an apex body in the testing of biologicals in India, received the Adenovector (Adenovirus + vector) based COVID-19 vaccine, a finished product for quality evaluation. Due to the lack of a pharmacopeial monograph, the testing of the vaccine was done as per the manufacturer's specifications and methods. The routine assays of identification employed by the manufacturer do not reflect the expression of Spike protein which is required for the immune system to get activated. In this report, we showed the determination of Spike protein expression by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence for identification parameters in the quality testing of the COVID-19 vaccine. We determined the translation of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike gene cloned into an Adenovector. RESULTS The results from these experiments indicated the expression of Spike protein upon infection of mammalian cells with viral particles suggested that the expression of immunodominant Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 may be employed by quality control laboratories as a parameter for identification. CONCLUSION The study suggested that the determination of the expression of Spike protein is pertinent to identifying the Adenovector based vaccines against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harit Kasana
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Ade
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Jaipal Meena
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Archana Sayal
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Faraz Sheikh
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Anupkumar R Anvikar
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India
| | - Harish Chander
- National Institute of Biologicals, Plot No. A-32, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201309, India..
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Sun Y, Huang W, Xiang H, Nie J. SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assays Used in Clinical Trials: A Narrative Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:554. [PMID: 38793805 PMCID: PMC11125816 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of COVID-19, extensive research efforts have been undertaken to accelerate the development of multiple types of vaccines to combat the pandemic. These include inactivated, recombinant subunit, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. In the development of these diverse vaccines, appropriate methods to assess vaccine immunogenicity are essential in both preclinical and clinical studies. Among the biomarkers used in vaccine evaluation, the neutralizing antibody level serves as a pivotal indicator for assessing vaccine efficacy. Neutralizing antibody detection methods can mainly be classified into three types: the conventional virus neutralization test, pseudovirus neutralization test, and surrogate virus neutralization test. Importantly, standardization of these assays is critical for their application to yield results that are comparable across different laboratories. The development and use of international or regional standards would facilitate assay standardization and facilitate comparisons of the immune responses induced by different vaccines. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the principles, advantages, limitations, and application of different SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays in vaccine clinical trials. This will provide guidance for the development and evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China;
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China;
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Jianhui Nie
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China;
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Cornejo A, Franco C, Rodriguez-Nuñez M, García A, Belisario I, Mayora S, Garzaro DJ, Zambrano JL, Jaspe RC, Hidalgo M, Parra-Giménez N, Claro FE, Liprandi F, de Waard JH, Rangel HR, Pujol FH. Humoral Immunity across the SARS-CoV-2 Spike after Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) Vaccination. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:41. [PMID: 38804309 PMCID: PMC11130906 DOI: 10.3390/antib13020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have contributed to attenuating the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic by promoting the development of effective immune responses, thus reducing the spread and severity of the pandemic. A clinical trial with the Sputnik-V vaccine was conducted in Venezuela from December 2020 to July 2021. The aim of this study was to explore the antibody reactivity of vaccinated individuals towards different regions of the spike protein (S). Neutralizing antibody (NAb) activity was assessed using a commercial surrogate assay, detecting NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and a plaque reduction neutralization test. NAb levels were correlated with the reactivity of the antibodies to the spike regions over time. The presence of Abs against nucleoprotein was also determined to rule out the effect of exposure to the virus during the clinical trial in the serological response. A high serological reactivity was observed to S and specifically to S1 and the RBD. S2, although recognized with lower intensity by vaccinated individuals, was the subunit exhibiting the highest cross-reactivity in prepandemic sera. This study is in agreement with the high efficacy reported for the Sputnik V vaccine and shows that this vaccine is able to induce an immunity lasting for at least 180 days. The dissection of the Ab reactivity to different regions of S allowed us to identify the relevance of epitopes outside the RBD that are able to induce NAbs. This research may contribute to the understanding of vaccine immunity against SARS-CoV-2, which could contribute to the design of future vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cornejo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Celular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;
| | - Christopher Franco
- Laboratorio de Virología Celular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (C.F.); (J.L.Z.)
| | - Mariajose Rodriguez-Nuñez
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (M.R.-N.); (D.J.G.); (R.C.J.); (H.R.R.)
| | - Alexis García
- Instituto de Inmunología, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas 1040A, Venezuela; (A.G.); (I.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Inirida Belisario
- Instituto de Inmunología, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas 1040A, Venezuela; (A.G.); (I.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Soriuska Mayora
- Instituto de Inmunología, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas 1040A, Venezuela; (A.G.); (I.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Domingo José Garzaro
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (M.R.-N.); (D.J.G.); (R.C.J.); (H.R.R.)
| | - José Luis Zambrano
- Laboratorio de Virología Celular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (C.F.); (J.L.Z.)
| | - Rossana Celeste Jaspe
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (M.R.-N.); (D.J.G.); (R.C.J.); (H.R.R.)
| | - Mariana Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;
| | - Nereida Parra-Giménez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Parásitos, Centro Biofísica y Bioquímica, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;
| | - Franklin Ennodio Claro
- Departamento de Tuberculosis, Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina “Dr. Jacinto Convit”, UCV, Caracas 1010A, Venezuela; (F.E.C.); (J.H.d.W.)
| | - Ferdinando Liprandi
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;
| | - Jacobus Henri de Waard
- Departamento de Tuberculosis, Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina “Dr. Jacinto Convit”, UCV, Caracas 1010A, Venezuela; (F.E.C.); (J.H.d.W.)
- Laboratorios de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Quito 170125, Ecuador
| | - Héctor Rafael Rangel
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (M.R.-N.); (D.J.G.); (R.C.J.); (H.R.R.)
| | - Flor Helene Pujol
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, IVIC, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (M.R.-N.); (D.J.G.); (R.C.J.); (H.R.R.)
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Astakhova EA, Morozov AA, Vavilova JD, Filatov AV. Antigenic Cartography of SARS-CoV-2. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:862-871. [PMID: 38880647 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Antigenic cartography is a tool for interpreting and visualizing antigenic differences between virus variants based on virus neutralization data. This approach has been successfully used in the selection of influenza vaccine seed strains. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping vaccine-induced antibody response, adjusting COVID-19 vaccines has become essential. This review provides information on the antigenic differences between SARS-CoV-2 variants revealed by antigenic cartography and explores a potential of antigenic cartography-based methods (e.g., building antibody landscapes and neutralization breadth gain plots) for the quantitative assessment of the breadth of the antibody response. Understanding the antigenic differences of SARS-CoV-2 and the possibilities of the formed humoral immunity aids in the prompt modification of preventative vaccines against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Astakhova
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Alexey A Morozov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Julia D Vavilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alexander V Filatov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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Nie J, Ren H, Sun Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Bai Z. Application of Multivariate Data Analysis on Historical Recombinant Adenovirus Zoster Vaccine Production Data for Upstream Process Improvements. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1168-1176. [PMID: 38447668 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, multivariate data analysis (MVDA) has been widely used for process characterization and fault diagnosis in the biopharmaceutical industry. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using MVDA for the development and scale-up of a perfusion process for HEK293 cell-based recombinant adenovirus zoster vaccine (Ad-HER) production. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results suggested comparable performance among the ATF, PATFP, and BFP perfusion systems in benchtop-scale stirred-tank bioreactor (STR). Then a Batch Evolution Model (BEM) was built using representative data from 10 L STR with a BFP system to assess the Ad-HER perfusion process performance at pilot-scale bioreactor (50 L STR and 50 L wave bioreactor). Furthermore, another BEM model and Batch Level Model (BLM) were built to monitor process parameters over time and predict the final adenovirus titer in 50 L wave bioreactor. The loading plot revealed that lactate dehydrogenase activity, viable cell diameter, and base-added during the virus production phase could be used as preliminary indicators of adenovirus yield. Finally, an adenovirus titer of 2.0±0.3×1010 IFU/mL was achieved in the 50 L wave bioreactor with BFP system, highlighting the robustness of the Ad-HER perfusion process at pilot-scale. Overall, this study emphasizes the effectiveness of MVDA as a tool for advancing the understanding of recombinant adenovirus vaccine perfusion production process development and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Nie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - He Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ye Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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11
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Drury RE, Camara S, Chelysheva I, Bibi S, Sanders K, Felle S, Emary K, Phillips D, Voysey M, Ferreira DM, Klenerman P, Gilbert SC, Lambe T, Pollard AJ, O'Connor D. Multi-omics analysis reveals COVID-19 vaccine induced attenuation of inflammatory responses during breakthrough disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3402. [PMID: 38649734 PMCID: PMC11035709 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune mechanisms mediating COVID-19 vaccine attenuation of COVID-19 remain undescribed. We conducted comprehensive analyses detailing immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus in blood post-vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or a placebo. Samples from randomised placebo-controlled trials (NCT04324606 and NCT04400838) were taken at baseline, onset of COVID-19-like symptoms, and 7 days later, confirming COVID-19 using nucleic amplification test (NAAT test) via real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Serum cytokines were measured with multiplexed immunoassays. The transcriptome was analysed with long, short and small RNA sequencing. We found attenuation of RNA inflammatory signatures in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 compared with placebo vaccinees and reduced levels of serum proteins associated with COVID-19 severity. KREMEN1, a putative alternative SARS-CoV-2 receptor, was downregulated in placebo compared with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinees. Vaccination ameliorates reductions in cell counts across leukocyte populations and platelets noted at COVID-19 onset, without inducing potentially deleterious Th2-skewed immune responses. Multi-omics integration links a global reduction in miRNA expression at COVID-19 onset to increased pro-inflammatory responses at the mRNA level. This study reveals insights into the role of COVID-19 vaccines in mitigating disease severity by abrogating pro-inflammatory responses associated with severe COVID-19, affirming vaccine-mediated benefit in breakthrough infection, and highlighting the importance of clinically relevant endpoints in vaccine evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Drury
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Susana Camara
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Irina Chelysheva
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Sagida Bibi
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine Sanders
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Salle Felle
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine Emary
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Phillips
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Merryn Voysey
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniela M Ferreira
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel O'Connor
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
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12
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Tortorici MA, Addetia A, Seo AJ, Brown J, Sprouse K, Logue J, Clark E, Franko N, Chu H, Veesler D. Persistent immune imprinting occurs after vaccination with the COVID-19 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster in humans. Immunity 2024; 57:904-911.e4. [PMID: 38490197 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Immune imprinting describes how the first exposure to a virus shapes immunological outcomes of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron breakthrough infections and bivalent COVID-19 vaccination primarily recall cross-reactive memory B cells induced by prior Wuhan-Hu-1 spike mRNA vaccination rather than priming Omicron-specific naive B cells. These findings indicate that immune imprinting occurs after repeated Wuhan-Hu-1 spike exposures, but whether it can be overcome remains unclear. To understand the persistence of immune imprinting, we investigated memory and plasma antibody responses after administration of the updated XBB.1.5 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine booster. We showed that the XBB.1.5 booster elicited neutralizing antibody responses against current variants that were dominated by recall of pre-existing memory B cells previously induced by the Wuhan-Hu-1 spike. Therefore, immune imprinting persists after multiple exposures to Omicron spikes through vaccination and infection, including post XBB.1.5 booster vaccination, which will need to be considered to guide future vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amin Addetia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Albert J Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jack Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kaiti Sprouse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jenni Logue
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Erica Clark
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas Franko
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Helen Chu
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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13
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Sheetikov SA, Khmelevskaya AA, Zornikova KV, Zvyagin IV, Shomuradova AS, Serdyuk YV, Shakirova NT, Peshkova IO, Titov A, Romaniuk DS, Shagina IA, Chudakov DM, Kiryukhin DO, Shcherbakova OV, Khamaganova EG, Dzutseva V, Afanasiev A, Bogolyubova AV, Efimov GA. Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369436. [PMID: 38629062 PMCID: PMC11018901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vaccines, particularly the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenovirus vaccine, have emerged as promising tools in the fight against infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated the structure of the T cell response to the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus used in the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine in a phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04540419). In 69 participants, we collected peripheral blood samples at four time points after vaccination or placebo injection. Sequencing of T cell receptor repertoires from Spike-stimulated T cell cultures at day 14 from 17 vaccinated revealed a more diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire compared to CD8+. Nevertheless, CD8+ clonotypes accounted for more than half of the Spike-specific repertoire. Our longitudinal analysis showed a peak T cell response at day 14, followed by a decline until month 6. Remarkably, multiple T cell clonotypes persisted for at least 6 months after vaccination, as demonstrated by ex vivo stimulation. Examination of CDR3 regions revealed homologous sequences in both CD4+ and CD8+ clonotypes, with major CD8+ clonotypes sharing high similarity with annotated sequences specific for the NYNYLYRLF peptide, suggesting potential immunodominance. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the immunogenicity of the Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine and highlights its ability to induce robust and durable T cell responses. These findings provide valuable insight into the efficacy of the vaccine against COVID-19 and provide critical information for ongoing efforts to control infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveliy A. Sheetikov
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Khmelevskaya
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Zornikova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Zvyagin
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Shomuradova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana V. Serdyuk
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Naina T. Shakirova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iuliia O. Peshkova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Titov
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S. Romaniuk
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A. Shagina
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Chudakov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Dmitry O. Kiryukhin
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Shcherbakova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina G. Khamaganova
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitalina Dzutseva
- Novosibirsk State University, Medical School, Novosibirsk, Russia
- NPO Petrovax Pharm LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Grigory A. Efimov
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Pagotto V, Seoane F, Arrigo D, Ardiles V, Asprea V, De Florio F, Ferloni A, Aliperti V. [Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in healthcare workers in Buenos Aires City, Argentina.]. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS 2024; 81:115-127. [PMID: 38537101 PMCID: PMC11110664 DOI: 10.31053/1853.0605.v81.n1.41155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 vaccination aids pandemic limitation. In Argentina, three vaccines are approved, and healthcare workers are priorized (HCWs). The aim was to determine the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, analyzing change in Immunoglobulin G levels and the incidence of new COVID-19 cases up to 12 months after the second dose. Methods Prospective cohort of HCWs between March 2021- 2022. COVIDAR IgG test was used to measure antibodies. A mixed-effects model was employed to compare the levels of immunoglobulin G at different time points, Kaplan Meier was used to estimate incident COVID-19 cases. Results 82 participants were included Adverse events were frequent but mild. All participant showed positive antibody at 12 months. Antibodies levels showed an increase one year after 2nd dose. Sinopharm took a long time to yield positive results. More than half of the people had mild COVID-19 disease. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective.
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15
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Karim F, Riou C, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Lustig G, van Graan S, Keeton RS, Upton JL, Ganga Y, Khan K, Reedoy K, Mazibuko M, Govender K, Thambu K, Ngcobo N, Venter E, Makhado Z, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Hoque M, Karim QA, Abdool Karim SS, Manickchund N, Magula N, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Moore PL, Burgers WA, de Oliveira T, Moosa MYS, Sigal A. Clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 associates with increased neutralizing antibodies in advanced HIV disease post-ART initiation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2360. [PMID: 38491050 PMCID: PMC10943233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 clearance requires adaptive immunity but the contribution of neutralizing antibodies and T cells in different immune states is unclear. Here we ask which adaptive immune responses associate with clearance of long-term SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-mediated immunosuppression after suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. We assembled a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected people in South Africa (n = 994) including participants with advanced HIV disease characterized by immunosuppression due to T cell depletion. Fifty-four percent of participants with advanced HIV disease had prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection (>1 month). In the five vaccinated participants with advanced HIV disease tested, SARS-CoV-2 clearance associates with emergence of neutralizing antibodies but not SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 T cells, while CD4 T cell responses were not determined due to low cell numbers. Further, complete HIV suppression is not required for clearance, although it is necessary for an effective vaccine response. Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection led to SARS-CoV-2 evolution, including virus with extensive neutralization escape in a Delta variant infected participant. The results provide evidence that neutralizing antibodies are required for SARS-CoV-2 clearance in HIV-mediated immunosuppression recovery, and that suppressive ART is necessary to curtail evolution of co-infecting pathogens to reduce individual health consequences as well as public health risk linked with generation of escape mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Catherine Riou
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | | | - Zesuliwe Jule
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Gila Lustig
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | - Strauss van Graan
- SAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Roanne S Keeton
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | | | - Yashica Ganga
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Khadija Khan
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kajal Reedoy
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Venter
- SAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Zanele Makhado
- SAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Willem Hanekom
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anne von Gottberg
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Monjurul Hoque
- KwaDabeka Community Health Centre, KwaDabeka, South Africa
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salim S Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nithendra Manickchund
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nombulelo Magula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bernadett I Gosnell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Richard J Lessells
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa
| | - Penny L Moore
- SAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wendy A Burgers
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Tulio de Oliveira
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation, School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.
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16
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Ogando-Rivas E, Castillo P, Yang C, Trivedi V, Zhang D, Pohl-Guimarães F, Liu R, Barpujari A, Candelario KM, Mendez-Gomez H, Sayour EJ, Mitchell DA. Expanded specific T cells to hypomutated regions of the SARS-CoV-2 using mRNA electroporated antigen-presenting cells. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101192. [PMID: 38327807 PMCID: PMC10847775 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused about seven million deaths worldwide. Preventative vaccines have been developed including Spike gp mRNA-based vaccines that provide protection to immunocompetent patients. However, patients with primary immunodeficiencies, patients with cancer, or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients are not able to mount robust immune responses against current vaccine approaches. We propose to target structural SARS-CoV-2 antigens (i.e., Spike gp, Membrane, Nucleocapsid, and Envelope) using circulating human antigen-presenting cells electroporated with full length SARS-CoV-2 structural protein-encoding mRNAs to activate and expand specific T cells. Based on the Th1-type cytokine and cytolytic enzyme secretion upon antigen rechallenge, we were able to generate SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells in up to 70% of unexposed unvaccinated healthy donors (HDs) after 3 subsequent stimulations and in 100% of recovered patients (RPs) after 2 stimulations. By means of SARS-CoV-2 specific TCRβ repertoire analysis, T cells specific to Spike gp-derived hypomutated regions were identified in HDs and RPs despite viral genomic evolution. Hence, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-loaded antigen-presenting cells are effective activating and expanding COVID19-specific T cells. This approach represents an alternative to patients who are not able to mount adaptive immune responses to current COVID-19 vaccines with potential protection across new variants that have conserved genetic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul Castillo
- UF Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Changlin Yang
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Vrunda Trivedi
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dingpeng Zhang
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fernanda Pohl-Guimarães
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arnav Barpujari
- UF Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kate M. Candelario
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hector Mendez-Gomez
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elias J. Sayour
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- UF Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Duane A. Mitchell
- UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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17
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Luo H, Zhou Q, Feng J, Wu Y, Chen H, Mao M, Qi R. Global Prevalence of Preexisting Antibodies against Human Adenoviruses, Surveyed from 1962 to 2021. Intervirology 2024; 67:19-39. [PMID: 38452738 PMCID: PMC11006277 DOI: 10.1159/000538233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are extensively used as vectors for vaccines development and cancer therapy. People who already have antibodies against HAdVs, on the other hand, would have an impact on the preventative or therapeutic effect. This review focuses primarily on the prevalence of pre-existing antibodies against HAdVs in distinct geographical populations. SUMMARY After screening, 64 studies from 31 countries between 1962 and 2021 were selected, totaling 39,427 samples. The total prevalence of preexisting antibodies to HAdVs varied by country or location, ranging from 2.00 to 95.70%. Southeast Asia had the highest prevalence (54.57%) while Europe had the lowest (18.17%). The prevalence in practically all developing nations was higher than in developed nations. Adults have a greater frequency than children and newborns in most nations. The primary HAdV antibody types varied by country. Adults in China, the USA, the United Kingdom, and Belgium had the lowest prevalence of preexisting antibodies against HAdV55, HAdV37, HAdV8, and HAdV36, respectively. Children in the USA, China, the United Kingdom, and Japan had the lowest rates of HAdV48, HAdV11, HAdV8, and HAdV40. The frequency of antibodies differed significantly between military and civilian groups. KEY MESSAGES Preexisting antibodies against various types of HAdVs differed greatly throughout worldwide populations. Future development of HAdV-vector vaccines and medicines should focus on preexisting antibodies in target groups rather than a "one-size-fits-all" strategy. It might be advantageous in selecting HAdV vectors for studying the prevalence of preexisting antibodies against HAdVs in different locations and people throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinqi Feng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Wu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Meihan Mao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Qi
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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18
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Qin L, Sun Y, Gao N, Ling G, Zhang P. Nanotechnology of inhalable vaccines for enhancing mucosal immunity. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:597-620. [PMID: 37747597 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are the cornerstone of world health. The majority of vaccines are formulated as injectable products, facing the drawbacks of cold chain transportation, needle-stick injuries, and primary systemic immunity. Inhalable vaccines exhibited unique advantages due to their small dose, easy to use, quick effect, and simultaneous induction of mucosal and systemic responses. Facing global pandemics, especially the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a majority of inhalable vaccines are in preclinical or clinical trials. A better understanding of advanced delivery technologies of inhalable vaccines may provide new scientific insights for developing inhalable vaccines. In this review article, detailed immune mechanisms involving mucosal, cellular, and humoral immunity were described. The preparation methods of inhalable vaccines were then introduced. Advanced nanotechnologies of inhalable vaccines containing inhalable nucleic acid vaccines, inhalable adenovirus vector vaccines, novel adjuvant-assisted inhalable vaccines, and biomaterials for inhalable vaccine delivery were emphatically discussed. Meanwhile, the latest clinical progress in inhalable vaccines for COVID-19 and tuberculosis was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microparticles Drug Delivery Technology, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., No. 243, Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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19
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Kruglov AA, Bondareva MA, Gogoleva VS, Semin IK, Astrakhantseva IV, Zvartsev R, Lunin AS, Apolokhov VD, Shustova EY, Volok VP, Ustyugov AA, Ishmukhametov AA, Nedospasov SA, Kozlovskaya LI, Drutskaya MS. Inactivated whole virion vaccine protects K18-hACE2 Tg mice against the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant via cross-reactive T cells and nonneutralizing antibody responses. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350664. [PMID: 38088236 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a systemic inflammatory disease initiated by SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. Multiple vaccines against the Wuhan variant of SARS-CoV-2 have been developed including a whole virion beta-propiolactone-inactivated vaccine based on the B.1.1 strain (CoviVac). Since most of the population has been vaccinated by targeting the original or early variants of SARS-CoV-2, the emergence of novel mutant variants raises concern over possible evasion of vaccine-induced immune responses. Here, we report on the mechanism of protection by CoviVac, a whole virion-based vaccine, against the Omicron variant. CoviVac-immunized K18-hACE2 Tg mice were protected against both prototype B.1.1 and BA.1-like (Omicron) variants. Subsequently, vaccinated K18-hACE2 Tg mice rapidly cleared the infection via cross-reactive T-cell responses and cross-reactive, non-neutralizing antibodies recognizing the Omicron variant Spike protein. Thus, our data indicate that efficient protection from SARS-CoV-2 variants can be achieved by the orchestrated action of cross-reactive T cells and non-neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Kruglov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology and Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems Rheumatology, German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina A Bondareva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology and Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems Rheumatology, German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Violetta S Gogoleva
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iaroslav K Semin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology and Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Systems Rheumatology, German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina V Astrakhantseva
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, Krasnodarsky Krai, Russia
| | - Ruslan Zvartsev
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr S Lunin
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy D Apolokhov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Yu Shustova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor P Volok
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey A Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Aydar A Ishmukhametov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moskva, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology and Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, Krasnodarsky Krai, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Liubov I Kozlovskaya
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moskva, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, Krasnodarsky Krai, Russia
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20
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Samanta S, Banerjee J, Das A, Das S, Ahmed R, Das S, Pal A, Ali KM, Mukhopadhyay R, Giri B, Dash SK. Enhancing Immunological Memory: Unveiling Booster Doses to Bolster Vaccine Efficacy Against Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Variants. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:91. [PMID: 38311669 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
A growing number of re-infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in previously immunized individuals has sparked discussions about the potential need for a booster vaccine dosage to counteract declining antibody levels and new strains. The protective immunity produced by vaccinations, and past illnesses relies on immunological memory. CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, B cells, and long-lasting antibody responses are all components of the adaptive immune system that can generate and maintain this immunological memory. Since novel mutant variants have emerged one after the other, the world has been hit by repeated waves. Various vaccine formulations against SARS-CoV-2 have been administered across the globe. Thus, estimating the efficacy of those vaccines against gradually developed mutant stains is the essential parameter regarding the fate of those vaccine formulations and the necessity of booster doses and their frequency. In this review, focus has also been given to how vaccination stacks up against moderate and severe acute infections in terms of the longevity of the immune cells, neutralizing antibody responses, etc. However, hybrid immunity shows a greater accuracy of re-infection of variants of concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2 than infection and immunization. The review conveys knowledge of detailed information about several marketed vaccines and the status of their efficacy against specific mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, this review discusses the status of immunological memory after infection, mixed infection, and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sovan Samanta
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Jhimli Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Aparna Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Rubai Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarnali Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Amitava Pal
- Department of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Kazi Monjur Ali
- Department of Nutrition, Maharajadhiraj Uday Chand Women's College, B.C. Road, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupanjan Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Biplab Giri
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, West Bengal, India.
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21
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Sayedahmed EE, Elshafie NO, dos Santos AP, Jagannath C, Sambhara S, Mittal SK. Development of NP-Based Universal Vaccine for Influenza A Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:157. [PMID: 38400140 PMCID: PMC10892571 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The nucleoprotein (NP) is a vital target for the heterosubtypic immunity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) due to its conservation among influenza virus subtypes. To further enhance the T cell immunity of NP, autophagy-inducing peptide C5 (AIP-C5) from the CFP10 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was used. Mice were immunized intranasally (i.n.) with human adenoviral vectors, HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) or HAd-NP(H7N9), expressing NP of an H7N9 influenza virus with or without the AIP-C5, respectively. Both vaccines developed similar levels of NP-specific systemic and mucosal antibody titers; however, there was a significantly higher number of NP-specific CD8 T cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) group than in the HAd-NP(H7N9) group. The HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) vaccine provided better protection following the challenge with A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1), A/Hong Kong/1/68(H3N2), A/chukkar/MN/14951-7/1998(H5N2), A/goose/Nebraska/17097/2011(H7N9), or A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2) influenza viruses compared to the HAd-NP(H7N9) group. The autophagy transcriptomic gene analysis of the HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) group revealed the upregulation of some genes involved in the positive regulation of the autophagy process. The results support further exploring the use of NP and AIP-C5 for developing a universal influenza vaccine for pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekramy E. Sayedahmed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Nelly O. Elshafie
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Andrea P. dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases and Translational Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Suryaprakash Sambhara
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
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22
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Ahmed N, Athavale A, Tripathi AH, Subramaniam A, Upadhyay SK, Pandey AK, Rai RC, Awasthi A. To be remembered: B cell memory response against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13345. [PMID: 38441373 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 disease has plagued the world economy and affected the overall well-being and life of most of the people. Natural infection as well as vaccination leads to the development of an immune response against the pathogen. This involves the production of antibodies, which can neutralize the virus during future challenges. In addition, the development of cellular immune memory with memory B and T cells provides long-lasting protection. The longevity of the immune response has been a subject of intensive research in this field. The extent of immunity conferred by different forms of vaccination or natural infections remained debatable for long. Hence, understanding the effectiveness of these responses among different groups of people can assist government organizations in making informed policy decisions. In this article, based on the publicly available data, we have reviewed the memory response generated by some of the vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, particularly B cell memory in different groups of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Ahmed
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Atharv Athavale
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ankita H Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Adarsh Subramaniam
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Santosh K Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Ramesh Chandra Rai
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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23
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Lechien JR, Diallo AO, Dachy B, Le Bon SD, Maniaci A, Vaira LA, Saussez S. COVID-19: Post-vaccine Smell and Taste Disorders: Report of 6 Cases. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024; 103:NP104-NP107. [PMID: 34467793 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211033125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-vaccine olfactory and gustatory disorders are very rare and were reported in patients who received influenza vaccines. In this article, we report 6 cases of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine olfactory and gustatory disorders in patients with negative nasal swabs. Precisely, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were reported in 5 and 1 patients, respectively. Sense disorders occurred after the first injection of AstraZeneca (n = 4) or the second injection of Pfizer (n = 2) vaccines. In 4 cases, the olfactory or gustatory disorder was confirmed with psychophysical evaluations. The duration of chemosensory dysfunction ranged from 4 to 42 days. None of the patient reported mid- or long-term olfactory or gustatory disorder. The occurrence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in adults benefiting from COVID-19 vaccines is still rare but has to be known by otolaryngologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme R Lechien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Alpha O Diallo
- Department of Neurology, CHU Brugmann, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Dachy
- Department of Neurology, CHU Brugmann, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge D Le Bon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Deparment of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi A Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - Sven Saussez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
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24
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Lundstrom K. COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023? Viruses 2024; 16:203. [PMID: 38399979 PMCID: PMC10893040 DOI: 10.3390/v16020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has been highly successful in slowing down the COVID-19 pandemic. A wide spectrum of approaches including vaccines based on whole viruses, protein subunits and peptides, viral vectors, and nucleic acids has been developed in parallel. For all types of COVID-19 vaccines, good safety and efficacy have been obtained in both preclinical animal studies and in clinical trials in humans. Moreover, emergency use authorization has been granted for the major types of COVID-19 vaccines. Although high safety has been demonstrated, rare cases of severe adverse events have been detected after global mass vaccinations. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants possessing enhanced infectivity have affected vaccine protection efficacy requiring re-design and re-engineering of novel COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Furthermore, insight is given into preparedness against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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25
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Eterafi M, Fouladi N, Golizadeh M, Shaker H, Matin S, Safarzadeh E. Reported side-effects following Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in the north-west province, Iran: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296669. [PMID: 38181026 PMCID: PMC10769020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
While the vaccination was introduced as a promising tool to control the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, concerns about vaccine-related side effects had grown. Due to the widespread administration of the COVID-19 vaccine worldwide for the first time, it was necessary to evaluate the safety and potential side effects in recipients. This study aims to assess, the incidence of adverse effects following Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccination and identify their related factors. In this cross-sectional survey-based study, 453 volunteers participated, including 235 men and 218 women. The reported adverse reactions from recipients of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccine were collected by using a questionnaire. The findings showed that the incidence of adverse reactions, such as neurological, systematic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and local symptoms were significantly higher after the first dose compared to the second dose. Systematic symptoms were the most prevalent reported side effects after the first and second dose injection. The demographical study of participants showed that individuals aged 18-34 and females were more prone to present adverse events following vaccination. However, no significant relationship was found between the occurrence of side effects and the recipients' body mass index. Despite the life-saving role of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, it may have some adverse reactions in recipients. The severity and frequency of side effects were different. So, they were dependent on several factors, including gender and age. Altogether, post-vaccination adverse reactions were mild and tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Eterafi
- Students Research Committee, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nasrin Fouladi
- School of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Majid Golizadeh
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Shaker
- Students Research Committee, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Somaieh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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26
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Krammer F. The role of vaccines in the COVID-19 pandemic: what have we learned? Semin Immunopathol 2024; 45:451-468. [PMID: 37436465 PMCID: PMC11136744 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-023-00996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged late in 2019 and caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has so far claimed approximately 20 million lives. Vaccines were developed quickly, became available in the end of 2020, and had a tremendous impact on protection from SARS-CoV-2 mortality but with emerging variants the impact on morbidity was diminished. Here I review what we learned from COVID-19 from a vaccinologist's perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Leontieva G, Gupalova T, Desheva Y, Kramskaya T, Bormotova E, Koroleva I, Kopteva O, Suvorov A. Evaluation of Immune Response to Mucosal Immunization with an Oral Probiotic-Based Vaccine in Mice: Potential for Prime-Boost Immunization against SARS-CoV-2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:215. [PMID: 38203387 PMCID: PMC10779021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Following the conclusion of the COVID-19 pandemic, the persistent genetic variability in the virus and its ongoing circulation within the global population necessitate the enhancement of existing preventive vaccines and the development of novel ones. A while back, we engineered an orally administered probiotic-based vaccine, L3-SARS, by integrating a gene fragment that encodes the spike protein S of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into the genome of the probiotic strain E. faecium L3, inducing the expression of viral antigen on the surface of bacteria. Previous studies demonstrated the efficacy of this vaccine candidate in providing protection against the virus in Syrian hamsters. In this present study, utilizing laboratory mice, we assess the immune response subsequent to immunization via the gastrointestinal mucosa and discuss its potential as an initial phase in a two-stage vaccination strategy. Our findings indicate that the oral administration of L3-SARS elicits an adaptive immune response in mice. Pre-immunization with L3-SARS enhances and prolongs the humoral immune response following a single subcutaneous immunization with a recombinant S-protein analogous to the S-insert of the coronavirus in Enterococcus faecium L3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yulia Desheva
- Scientific and Educational Center, Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human of the World-Class Research Center, Center for Personalized Medicine, FSBSI, IEM, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.L.); (T.G.); (T.K.); (E.B.); (I.K.); (O.K.); (A.S.)
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28
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Yao W, Li Y, Ma D, Hou X, Wang H, Tang X, Cheng D, Zhang H, Du C, Pan H, Li C, Lin H, Sun M, Ding Q, Wang Y, Gao J, Zhong G. Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Spikes shapes their binding affinities to animal ACE2 orthologs. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0267623. [PMID: 37943512 PMCID: PMC10715038 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02676-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Spike-receptor interaction is a critical determinant for the host range of coronaviruses. In this study, we investigated the SARS-CoV-2 WHU01 strain and five WHO-designated SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and the early Omicron variant, for their Spike interactions with ACE2 proteins of 18 animal species. First, the receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Omicron were found to display progressive gain of affinity to mouse ACE2. More interestingly, these RBDs were also found with progressive loss of affinities to multiple ACE2 orthologs. The Omicron RBD showed decreased or complete loss of affinity to eight tested animal ACE2 orthologs, including that of some livestock animals (horse, donkey, and pig), pet animals (dog and cat), and wild animals (pangolin, American pika, and Rhinolophus sinicus bat). These findings shed light on potential host range shift of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs, especially that of the Omicron variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Yao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Hubei JiangXia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danting Ma
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Hou
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haimin Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Tang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dechun Cheng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - He Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengzhi Du
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Pan
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Li
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengsi Sun
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jiali Gao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guocai Zhong
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Hanafy AS, Embaby A, Salem SM, Behiry A, Ebrahim HA, Elkattawy HA, Abed SY, Almadani ME, El-Sherbiny M. Real-Life Experience in the Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Advanced Cirrhosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7578. [PMID: 38137646 PMCID: PMC10744263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infections accelerate liver decompensation and serious liver-related co-morbidities. The aim is to evaluate the safety and impact of COVID vaccines on hepatic disease progression in patients with advanced liver disease and to identify parameters that predict the occurrence of complications. The study involved 70 patients with advanced liver disease who were vaccinated with different COVID vaccines from January 2021 to April 2022. They were evaluated clinically. The laboratory investigation included a complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests, calculation of CTP and MELD scores, plasma levels of ammonia, abdominal ultrasound, and upper GI endoscopy. Twenty patients had experienced complications 64 ± 12 days from the last dose of a vaccination. Twenty patients (28.6%) developed hepatic decompensation and hypothyroidism (n = 11, 15.7%), and five (7.14%) patients developed splanchnic thrombosis. There were no COVID-19 reinfections except for two patients who received Sinopharm and developed vaccine-associated enhanced disease (2.9%). Complications after COVID vaccinations were correlated with ALT (r = 0.279, p = 0.019), serum sodium (r = -0.30, p = 0.005), creatinine (r = 0.303, p = 0.011), liver volume (LV) (r = -0.640, p = 0.000), and MELD score (r = 0.439, p = 0.000). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that LV is the only independent predictor (p = 0.001). LV ≤ 682.3 has a sensitivity of 95.24% and a specificity of 85.71% in predicting complications with an AUC of 0.935, p < 0.001. In conclusion, the hepatic reserve and prognosis in liver cirrhosis should be evaluated prior to COVID vaccinations using the MELD score and liver volume as promising risk stratification criteria. In summary, the research proposes a novel triaging strategy that involves utilizing the MELD score and liver volume as risk stratification parameters of the hepatic reserve and prognosis of advanced liver cirrhosis prior to COVID immunization to determine who should not receive a COVID vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Shaaban Hanafy
- Internal Medicine Department, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.S.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed Embaby
- Clinical Hematology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Sara Mohamed Salem
- Internal Medicine Department, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.S.H.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed Behiry
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Endemic Diseases, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Hasnaa Ali Ebrahim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hany Ahmed Elkattawy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sally Yussef Abed
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 34212, Saudi Arabia;
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Moneer E. Almadani
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamad El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
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Khan K, Lustig G, Römer C, Reedoy K, Jule Z, Karim F, Ganga Y, Bernstein M, Baig Z, Jackson L, Mahlangu B, Mnguni A, Nzimande A, Stock N, Kekana D, Ntozini B, van Deventer C, Marshall T, Manickchund N, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Karim QA, Abdool Karim SS, Moosa MYS, de Oliveira T, von Gottberg A, Wolter N, Neher RA, Sigal A. Evolution and neutralization escape of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 subvariant. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8078. [PMID: 38057313 PMCID: PMC10700484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43703-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Omicron BA.2.86 subvariant differs from Omicron BA.2 as well as recently circulating variants by over 30 mutations in the spike protein alone. Here we report on the isolation of the live BA.2.86 subvariant from a diagnostic swab collected in South Africa which we tested for escape from neutralizing antibodies and viral replication properties in cell culture. We found that BA.2.86 does not have significantly more escape relative to Omicron XBB.1.5 from neutralizing immunity elicited by either Omicron XBB-family subvariant infection or from residual neutralizing immunity of recently collected sera from the South African population. BA.2.86 does have extensive escape relative to ancestral virus with the D614G substitution (B.1 lineage) when neutralized by sera from pre-Omicron vaccinated individuals and relative to Omicron BA.1 when neutralized by sera from Omicron BA.1 infected individuals. BA.2.86 and XBB.1.5 show similar viral infection dynamics in the VeroE6-TMPRSS2 and H1299-ACE2 cell lines. We also investigate the relationship of BA.2.86 to BA.2 sequences. The closest BA.2 sequences are BA.2 samples from Southern Africa circulating in early 2022. Similarly, many basal BA.2.86 sequences were sampled in Southern Africa. This suggests that BA.2.86 potentially evolved in this region, and that unobserved evolution led to escape from neutralizing antibodies similar in scale to recently circulating strains of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Khan
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Gila Lustig
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | - Cornelius Römer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kajal Reedoy
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Zesuliwe Jule
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Yashica Ganga
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Zainab Baig
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Boitshoko Mahlangu
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anele Mnguni
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ayanda Nzimande
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nadine Stock
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dikeledi Kekana
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Buhle Ntozini
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Nithendra Manickchund
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bernadett I Gosnell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Richard J Lessells
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salim S Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tulio de Oliveira
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation, School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne von Gottberg
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nicole Wolter
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Richard A Neher
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.
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31
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Tai W, Yang K, Liu Y, Li R, Feng S, Chai B, Zhuang X, Qi S, Shi H, Liu Z, Lei J, Ma E, Wang W, Tian C, Le T, Wang J, Chen Y, Tian M, Xiang Y, Yu G, Cheng G. A lung-selective delivery of mRNA encoding broadly neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8042. [PMID: 38052844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The respiratory system, especially the lung, is the key site of pathological injury induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the low feasibility of targeted delivery of antibodies into the lungs by intravenous administration and the short half-life period of antibodies in the lungs by intranasal or aerosolized immunization, mRNA encoding broadly neutralizing antibodies with lung-targeting capability can perfectly provide high-titer antibodies in lungs to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we firstly identify a human monoclonal antibody, 8-9D, with broad neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The neutralization mechanism of this antibody is explained by the structural characteristics of 8-9D Fabs in complex with the Omicron BA.5 spike. In addition, we evaluate the efficacy of 8-9D using a safe and robust mRNA delivery platform and compare the performance of 8-9D when its mRNA is and is not selectively delivered to the lungs. The lung-selective delivery of the 8-9D mRNA enables the expression of neutralizing antibodies in the lungs which blocks the invasion of the virus, thus effectively protecting female K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from challenge with the Beta or Omicron BA.1 variant. Our work underscores the potential application of lung-selective mRNA antibodies in the prevention and treatment of infections caused by circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbo Tai
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yubin Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ruofan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shengyong Feng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Benjie Chai
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xinyu Zhuang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Shaolong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huicheng Shi
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhida Liu
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jiaqi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Enhao Ma
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Chongyu Tian
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Ting Le
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Mingyao Tian
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China.
| | - Ye Xiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Guocan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Gong Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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32
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Beitari S, Agbayani G, Hewitt M, Duque D, Bavananthasivam J, Sandhu JK, Akache B, Hadžisejdić I, Tran A. Effectiveness of VSV vectored SARS-CoV-2 spike when administered through intranasal, intramuscular or a combination of both. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21390. [PMID: 38049498 PMCID: PMC10695950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical feature of the VSV vector platform is the ability to pseudotype the virus with different glycoproteins from other viruses, thus altering cellular tropism of the recombinant virus. The route of administration is critical in triggering local and systemic immune response and protection. Most of the vaccine platforms used at the forefront are administered by intramuscular injection. However, it is not known at what level ACE2 is expressed on the surface of skeletal muscle cells, which will have a significant impact on the efficiency of a VSV-SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine to mount a protective immune response when administered intramuscularly. In this study, we investigate the immunogenicity and efficacy of a prime-boost immunization regimen administered intranasally (IN), intramuscularly (IM), or combinations of the two. We determined that the prime-boost combinations of IM followed by IN immunization (IM + IN) or IN followed by IN immunization (IN + IN) exhibited strong spike-specific IgG, IgA and T cell response in vaccinated K18 knock-in mice. Hamsters vaccinated with two doses of VSV expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike, both delivered by IN or IM + IN, showed strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern Alpha and Delta. This protection was also observed in aged hamsters. Our study underscores the highly crucial role immunization routes have with the VSV vector platform to elicit a strong and protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saina Beitari
- Infectious Diseases, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Immunomodulation, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Hewitt
- Preclinical Imaging, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Infectious Diseases, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jegarubee Bavananthasivam
- Infectious Diseases, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jagdeep K Sandhu
- Preclinical Imaging, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Immunomodulation, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ita Hadžisejdić
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Anh Tran
- Infectious Diseases, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Prieto A, Huang R, Eusebi CA, Shostak M. A Brief Overview of Emerging Vaccine Technologies for Pandemic Preparedness. RAND HEALTH QUARTERLY 2023; 11:6. [PMID: 38264321 PMCID: PMC10732239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, pandemic preparedness has proven to be critical to health, national, and economic security. Now, countries are investing billions of dollars in various pandemic preparedness tools, such as vaccines and broad-spectrum medical countermeasures (MCM), to address the threats arising from outbreaks. These tools not only offer protection against naturally occurring and accidental biological incidents but can also help provide some protection against deliberate biological attacks. Furthermore, pandemic preparedness has substantial economic implications for both the public and private sectors because of its connection with the biotechnology industry, an important component of the worldwide economy. With so many aspects of pandemic preparedness tied to public health, national security, and economic competition, understanding the key technology and policy trends of the major country stakeholders in this space provides valuable insights into pandemic preparedness gaps and ways of addressing them. This study provides a brief characterization of the trends and strategic implications associated with specific aspects of pandemic preparedness in the United States, China, and Russia. The authors discuss both technical and policy aspects of vaccine concepts and technologies, broad-spectrum MCM, and immunization facilitation.
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34
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Francisco AG, Reyes JCB, Tabios IKB, Cruz CJG, Ang MAC, Heralde FM, Lacuna ARG, de Paz-Silava SLM. Seroprevalence of human adenovirus type 5 neutralizing antibodies in the Philippines. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293046. [PMID: 38039314 PMCID: PMC10691707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV), particularly the HAdV type 5 (HAdV-5), has been extensively utilized in the development of vector vaccines due to its high immunogenicity, good safety profile, and ease of propagation. However, one of the main challenges in its use is the presence of pre-existing immunity among vaccine recipients. Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can prevent the uptake of HAdV-5 vectors and reduce vaccine efficacy. Hence, this study investigated the seroprevalence of NAbs against HAdV-5 in urban and rural regions of the Philippines. Luciferase-based neutralization assay was performed on 391 plasma/serum samples. Out of these samples, 346 or 88.5% were positive for HAdV-5 NAbs, and the majority of them (56.8%) had high titers against the virus. Among the regions included in this study, Bicol (Region V) had the highest seroprevalence rate (94.1%). Our findings show that a significant number of adults in the Philippines have pre-existing immunity against HAdV-5. This supports the recommendation that vaccination programs in the country should consider implementing vaccination techniques, such as a prime-boost regimen or addition of booster doses, to address the potential negative effects of pre-existing HAdV-5 immunity in the efficacy of adenoviral vector-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abialbon G. Francisco
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - John Carlo B. Reyes
- Department of Laboratories, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ian Kim B. Tabios
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Criselda Jean G. Cruz
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mark Angelo C. Ang
- Department of Laboratories, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Francisco M. Heralde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Azita Racquel G. Lacuna
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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35
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Chen K, Zhang L, Fang Z, Li J, Li C, Song W, Huang Z, Chen R, Zhang Y, Li J. Analysis of the protective efficacy of approved COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron variants and the prospects for universal vaccines. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294288. [PMID: 38090587 PMCID: PMC10711607 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
By the end of 2022, different variants of Omicron had rapidly spread worldwide, causing a significant impact on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situation. Compared with previous variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), these new variants of Omicron exhibited a noticeable degree of mutation. The currently developed platforms to design COVID-19 vaccines include inactivated vaccines, mRNA vaccines, DNA vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, virus-like particle vaccines, and viral vector vaccines. Many of these platforms have obtained approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the WHO. However, the Omicron variants have spread in countries where vaccination has taken place; therefore, the number of cases has rapidly increased, causing concerns about the effectiveness of these vaccines. This article first discusses the epidemiological trends of the Omicron variant and reviews the latest research progress on available vaccines. Additionally, we discuss progress in the development progress and practical significance of universal vaccines. Next, we analyze the neutralizing antibody effectiveness of approved vaccines against different variants of Omicron, heterologous vaccination, and the effectiveness of multivalent vaccines in preclinical trials. We hope that this review will provide a theoretical basis for the design, development, production, and vaccination strategies of novel coronavirus vaccines, thus helping to end the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongbiao Fang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wancheng Song
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Virus Inspection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Virus Inspection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Moliva JI, Andrew SF, Flynn BJ, Wagner DA, Foulds KE, Gagne M, Flebbe DR, Lamb E, Provost S, Marquez J, Mychalowych A, Lorag CG, Honeycutt CC, Burnett MR, McCormick L, Henry AR, Godbole S, Davis-Gardner ME, Minai M, Bock KW, Nagata BM, Todd JPM, McCarthy E, Dodson A, Kouneski K, Cook A, Pessaint L, Ry AV, Valentin D, Young S, Littman Y, Boon ACM, Suthar MS, Lewis MG, Andersen H, Alves DA, Woodward R, Leuzzi A, Vitelli A, Colloca S, Folgori A, Raggiolli A, Capone S, Nason MC, Douek DC, Roederer M, Seder RA, Sullivan NJ. Durable immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in both lower and upper airways achieved with a gorilla adenovirus (GRAd) S-2P vaccine in non-human primates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.22.567930. [PMID: 38076895 PMCID: PMC10705562 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.567930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a global threat, and current vaccines, while effective against severe illness, fall short in preventing transmission. To address this challenge, there's a need for vaccines that induce mucosal immunity and can rapidly control the virus. In this study, we demonstrate that a single immunization with a novel gorilla adenovirus-based vaccine (GRAd) carrying the pre-fusion stabilized Spike protein (S-2P) in non-human primates provided protective immunity for over one year against the BA.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2. A prime-boost regimen using GRAd followed by adjuvanted S-2P (GRAd+S-2P) accelerated viral clearance in both the lower and upper airways. GRAd delivered via aerosol (GRAd(AE)+S-2P) modestly improved protection compared to its matched intramuscular regimen, but showed dramatically superior boosting by mRNA and, importantly, total virus clearance in the upper airway by day 4 post infection. GrAd vaccination regimens elicited robust and durable systemic and mucosal antibody responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, but only GRAd(AE)+S-2P generated long-lasting T cell responses in the lung. This research underscores the flexibility of the GRAd vaccine platform to provide durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in both the lower and upper airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shayne F Andrew
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Barbara J Flynn
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Danielle A Wagner
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Kathryn E Foulds
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Dillon R Flebbe
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Evan Lamb
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Samantha Provost
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Josue Marquez
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Anna Mychalowych
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Cynthia G Lorag
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Christopher Cole Honeycutt
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Matthew R Burnett
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Lauren McCormick
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Amy R Henry
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Sucheta Godbole
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Meredith E Davis-Gardner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Kevin W Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Bianca M Nagata
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - John-Paul M Todd
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth McCarthy
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Alan Dodson
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Katelyn Kouneski
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Anthony Cook
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Laurent Pessaint
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Alex Van Ry
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Daniel Valentin
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Steve Young
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Yoav Littman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Adrianus C M Boon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States of America
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
| | - Mark G Lewis
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Hanne Andersen
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Derron A Alves
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Ruth Woodward
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martha C Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Robert A Seder
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
- Correspondence: and
| | - Nancy J Sullivan
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Correspondence: and
- Lead contact
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Mittal N, Kumar S, Rajmani RS, Singh R, Lemoine C, Jakob V, Bj S, Jagannath N, Bhat M, Chakraborty D, Pandey S, Jory A, Sa SS, Kleanthous H, Dubois P, Ringe RP, Varadarajan R. Enhanced protective efficacy of a thermostable RBD-S2 vaccine formulation against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:161. [PMID: 37880298 PMCID: PMC10600342 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid emergence of variants of concern (VOC), the efficacy of currently licensed vaccines has reduced drastically. VOC mutations largely occur in the S1 subunit of Spike. The S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 is conserved and thus more likely to elicit broadly reactive immune responses that could improve protection. However, the contribution of the S2 subunit in improving the overall efficacy of vaccines remains unclear. Therefore, we designed, and evaluated the immunogenicity and protective potential of a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) fused to a stabilized S2. Immunogens were expressed as soluble proteins with approximately fivefold higher purified yield than the Spike ectodomain and formulated along with Squalene-in-water emulsion (SWE) adjuvant. Immunization with S2 alone failed to elicit a neutralizing immune response, but significantly reduced lung viral titers in mice challenged with the heterologous Beta variant. In hamsters, SWE-formulated RS2 (a genetic fusion of stabilized RBD with S2) showed enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy relative to corresponding RBD and Spike formulations. Despite being based on the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2, RS2 elicited broad neutralization, including against Omicron variants (BA.1, BA.5 and BF.7), and the clade 1a WIV-1 and SARS-CoV-1 strains. RS2 elicited sera showed enhanced competition with both S2 directed and RBD Class 4 directed broadly neutralizing antibodies, relative to RBD and Spike elicited sera. When lyophilized, RS2 retained antigenicity and immunogenicity even after incubation at 37 °C for a month. The data collectively suggest that the RS2 immunogen is a promising modality to combat SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Mittal
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Virology Unit, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Raju S Rajmani
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- Mynvax Private Limited; 3rd Floor, Brigade MLR Centre, No.50, Vani Vilas Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India
| | - Céline Lemoine
- Vaccine Formulation Institute; Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Jakob
- Vaccine Formulation Institute; Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Sowrabha Bj
- Mynvax Private Limited; 3rd Floor, Brigade MLR Centre, No.50, Vani Vilas Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India
| | - Nayana Jagannath
- Mynvax Private Limited; 3rd Floor, Brigade MLR Centre, No.50, Vani Vilas Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India
| | - Madhuraj Bhat
- Mynvax Private Limited; 3rd Floor, Brigade MLR Centre, No.50, Vani Vilas Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India
| | - Debajyoti Chakraborty
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Suman Pandey
- Mynvax Private Limited; 3rd Floor, Brigade MLR Centre, No.50, Vani Vilas Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India
| | - Aurélie Jory
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Suba Soundarya Sa
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | | | - Patrice Dubois
- Vaccine Formulation Institute; Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Rajesh P Ringe
- Virology Unit, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Chandigarh, 160036, India.
| | - Raghavan Varadarajan
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India.
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38
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Mathew DS, Pandya T, Pandya H, Vaghela Y, Subbian S. An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Etiopathogenesis and Recent Developments in COVID-19 Vaccines. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1565. [PMID: 38002247 PMCID: PMC10669259 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significantly impacted the health and socioeconomic status of humans worldwide. Pulmonary infection of SARS-CoV-2 results in exorbitant viral replication and associated onset of inflammatory cytokine storm and disease pathology in various internal organs. However, the etiopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully understood. Currently, there are no targeted therapies available to cure COVID-19, and most patients are treated empirically with anti-inflammatory and/or anti-viral drugs, based on the disease symptoms. Although several types of vaccines are currently implemented to control COVID-19 and prevent viral dissemination, the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 that can evade the vaccine-induced protective immunity poses challenges to current vaccination strategies and highlights the necessity to develop better and improved vaccines. In this review, we summarize the etiopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and elaborately discuss various types of vaccines and vaccination strategies, focusing on those vaccines that are currently in use worldwide to combat COVID-19 or in various stages of clinical development to use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Susan Mathew
- Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 608204, India;
| | - Tirtha Pandya
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (T.P.); (H.P.); (Y.V.)
| | - Het Pandya
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (T.P.); (H.P.); (Y.V.)
| | - Yuzen Vaghela
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (T.P.); (H.P.); (Y.V.)
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (T.P.); (H.P.); (Y.V.)
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39
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Yan L, Liu L. Bibliometric analysis of the highly cited publications in COVID-19 vaccine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18540. [PMID: 37576281 PMCID: PMC10413004 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had widespread effects across the globe and continues to affect global public health. This study aims to select and feature highly cited publications on the COVID-19 vaccine. The Web of Science core database was used to extract relevant articles published in recent years. Progress of vaccine studies made in recent two years has mainly focused on the development of different vaccines and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy for population immunity. Clinical trials mainly focusing on the safety and efficacy of diverse vaccines have flourished. Lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified RNA vaccine and recombinant adenovirus type-5 (26) vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are most commonly studied. Vaccine application-associated challenges mainly include antibody resistance of new variants and unusual severe complications. The correlation between booster immunizations and reinfection is still in the explored state. Currently, antibody resistance of emerging variants is the main vaccine application-associated challenge and the primary reason for vaccine hesitancy. Effective strategies for reinfection prevention are also urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Cadet Company One, Graduate School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Institution of Hospital Management, Department of Medical Innovation and Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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40
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Gupta SL, Goswami S, Anand A, Naman N, Kumari P, Sharma P, Jaiswal RK. An assessment of the strategy and status of COVID-19 vaccination in India. Immunol Res 2023; 71:565-577. [PMID: 37041424 PMCID: PMC10089693 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 disease continues to cause devastation for almost 3 years of its identification. India is one of the leading countries to set clinical trials, production, and administration of COVID-19 vaccination. Recent COVID-19 vaccine tracker record suggests that 12 vaccines are approved in India, including protein subunit, RNA/DNA, non-replicating viral vector, and inactivated vaccine. Along with that 16 more vaccines are undergoing clinical trials to counter COVID-19. The availability of different vaccines gives alternate and broad perspectives to fight against viral immune resistance and, thus, viruses escaping the immune system by mutations. Using the recently published literature on the Indian vaccine and clinical trial sites, we have reviewed the development, clinical evaluation, and registration of vaccines trial used in India against COVID-19. Moreover, we have also summarized the status of all approved vaccines in India, their associated registered clinical trials, manufacturing, efficacy, and their related safety and immunogenicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Surbhi Goswami
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Ananya Anand
- Department of Zoology, Patna Science College, Patna University, Bihar, India
| | - Namrata Naman
- Department of Zoology, Patna Science College, Patna University, Bihar, India
| | - Priya Kumari
- Department of Zoology, Patna Science College, Patna University, Bihar, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Patna Science College, Patna University, Bihar, India
| | - Rishi K. Jaiswal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153 USA
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Tukhvatulin AI, Dolzhikova IV, Dzharullaeva AS, Grousova DM, Kovyrshina AV, Zubkova OV, Zorkov ID, Iliukhina AA, Shelkov AY, Erokhova AS, Popova O, Ozharovskaia TA, Zrelkin DI, Izhaeva FM, Shcheblyakov DV, Esmagambetov IB, Tokarskaya EA, Nikitenko NA, Lubenets NL, Khadorich EA, Gushchin VA, Borzakova SN, Vlasova AV, Osmanov IM, Gorev VV, Naroditsky BS, Logunov DY, Gintsburg AL. Safety and immunogenicity of rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adolescents: an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter, phase 1/2, dose-escalation study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1228461. [PMID: 37600800 PMCID: PMC10432829 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1228461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To protect young individuals against SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted an open-label, prospective, non-randomised dose-escalation Phase 1/2 clinical trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the prime-boost "Sputnik V" vaccine administered at 1/10 and 1/5 doses to adolescents aged 12-17 years. The study began with the vaccination of the older cohort (15-to-17-year-old participants) with the lower (1/10) dose of vaccine and then expanded to the whole group (12-to-17-year-old participants). Next, 1/5 dose was used according to the same scheme. Both doses were well tolerated by all age groups. No serious or severe adverse events were detected. Most of the solicited adverse reactions were mild. No significant differences in total frequencies of adverse events were registered between low and high doses in age-pooled groups (69.6% versus 66.7%). In contrast, the 1/5 dose induced significantly higher humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses than the 1/10 dose. The 1/5 vaccine dose elicited higher antigen-binding (both S and RBD-specific) as well as virus-neutralising antibody titres at the maximum of response (day 42), also resulting in a statistically significant difference at a distanced timepoint (day 180) compared to the 1/10 vaccine dose. Higher dose resulted in increased cross-neutralization of Delta and Omicron variants. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04954092, LP-007632.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir I. Tukhvatulin
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna V. Dolzhikova
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Dzharullaeva
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria M. Grousova
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V. Kovyrshina
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Zubkova
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya D. Zorkov
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Iliukhina
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Y. Shelkov
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Erokhova
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Popova
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Ozharovskaia
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis I. Zrelkin
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fatima M. Izhaeva
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilias B. Esmagambetov
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elisaveta A. Tokarskaya
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia A. Nikitenko
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda L. Lubenets
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A. Khadorich
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Gushchin
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana N. Borzakova
- Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bashlyaeva, Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V. Vlasova
- Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ismail M. Osmanov
- Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bashlyaeva, Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valerii V. Gorev
- Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris S. Naroditsky
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Y. Logunov
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Gintsburg
- Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Varghaei A, Heidari M, Daneshyar C, Nouri A, Mikaeilvand A. Side Effects of Sputnik V Vaccine in the Medical Staff of Dedicated COVID-19 Hospital. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:430-432. [PMID: 37456210 PMCID: PMC10349163 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.96239.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Varghaei
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Chiman Daneshyar
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Armin Nouri
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Mikaeilvand
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Astakhova EA, Morozov AA, Byazrova MG, Sukhova MM, Mikhailov AA, Minnegalieva AR, Gorchakov AA, Filatov AV. Antigenic Cartography Indicates That the Omicron BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Variants Remain Antigenically Distant to Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 after Sputnik V Vaccination Followed by Homologous (Sputnik V) or Heterologous (Comirnaty) Revaccination. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10493. [PMID: 37445671 PMCID: PMC10341525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence of evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants is an ongoing challenge for COVID-19 vaccinology. Traditional virus neutralization tests provide detailed datasets of neutralization titers against the viral variants. Such datasets are difficult to interpret and do not immediately inform of the sufficiency of the breadth of the antibody response. Some of these issues could be tackled using the antigenic cartography approach. In this study, we created antigenic maps using neutralization titers of sera from donors who received the Sputnik V booster vaccine after primary Sputnik V vaccination and compared them with the antigenic maps based on serum neutralization titers of Comirnaty-boosted donors. A traditional analysis of neutralization titers against the WT (wild-type), Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and BA.4/BA.5 variants showed a significant booster humoral response after both homologous (Sputnik V) and heterologous (Comirnaty) revaccinations against all of the studied viral variants. However, despite this, a more in-depth analysis using antigenic cartography revealed that Omicron variants remain antigenically distant from the WT, which is indicative of the formation of insufficient levels of cross-neutralizing antibodies. The implications of these findings may be significant when developing a new vaccine regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Astakhova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Morozov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria G. Byazrova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria M. Sukhova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem A. Mikhailov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aygul R. Minnegalieva
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Evolutionary Biology, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Andrey A. Gorchakov
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Filatov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
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Mambelli F, Marinho FV, Andrade JM, de Araujo ACVSC, Abuna RPF, Fabri VMR, Santos BPO, da Silva JS, de Magalhães MTQ, Homan EJ, Leite LCC, Dias GB, Heck N, Mendes DAGB, Mansur DS, Báfica A, Oliveira SC. Recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Chimeric Protein Protects K18-hACE2 Mice against Viral Challenge. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1925-1937. [PMID: 37098890 PMCID: PMC10247535 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has accounted for more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the existing tuberculosis vaccine, is known to induce heterologous effects over other infections due to trained immunity and has been proposed to be a potential strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this report, we constructed a recombinant BCG (rBCG) expressing domains of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins (termed rBCG-ChD6), recognized as major candidates for vaccine development. We investigated whether rBCG-ChD6 immunization followed by a boost with the recombinant nucleocapsid and spike chimera (rChimera), together with alum, provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. A single dose of rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera associated with alum elicited the highest anti-Chimera total IgG and IgG2c Ab titers with neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain when compared with control groups. Importantly, following SARS-CoV-2 challenge, this vaccination regimen induced IFN-γ and IL-6 production in spleen cells and reduced viral load in the lungs. In addition, no viable virus was detected in mice immunized with rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera, which was associated with decreased lung pathology when compared with BCG WT-rChimera/alum or rChimera/alum control groups. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of a prime-boost immunization system based on an rBCG expressing a chimeric protein derived from SARS-CoV-2 to protect mice against viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Mambelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio V. Marinho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juvana M. Andrade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C. V. S. C. de Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P. F. Abuna
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor M. R. Fabri
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno P. O. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João S. da Silva
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana T. Q. de Magalhães
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E. Jane Homan
- ioGenetics LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Greicy B.M. Dias
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nicoli Heck
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. G. B. Mendes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel S. Mansur
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - André Báfica
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sergio C. Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Boyko AA, Ustiuzhanina MO, Vavilova JD, Streltsova MA, Kust SA, Siniavin AE, Astrakhantseva IV, Drutskaya MS, Kovalenko EI. Phenotypic Changes in T and NK Cells Induced by Sputnik V Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1047. [PMID: 37376436 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly effective humoral immune response induced by the Sputnik V vaccine was demonstrated in independent studies, as well as in large-scale post-vaccination follow-up studies. However, the shifts in the cell-mediated immunity induced by Sputnik V vaccination are still under investigation. This study was aimed at estimating the impact of Sputnik V on activating and inhibitory receptors, activation and proliferative senescence markers in NK and T lymphocytes. The effects of Sputnik V were evaluated by the comparison of PBMC samples prior to vaccination, and then three days and three weeks following the second (boost) dose. The prime-boost format of Sputnik V vaccination induced a contraction in the T cell fraction of senescent CD57+ cells and a decrease in HLA-DR-expressing T cells. The proportion of NKG2A+ T cells was down-regulated after vaccination, whereas the PD-1 level was not affected significantly. A temporal increase in activation levels of NK cells and NKT-like cells was recorded, dependent on whether the individuals had COVID-19 prior to vaccination. A short-term elevation of the activating NKG2D and CD16 was observed in NK cells. Overall, the findings of the study are in favor of the Sputnik V vaccine not provoking a dramatic phenotypic rearrangement in T and NK cells, although it induces their slight temporal non-specific activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Boyko
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria O Ustiuzhanina
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia D Vavilova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Streltsova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofya A Kust
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei E Siniavin
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V Astrakhantseva
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Federal Territory Sirius, Russia
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena I Kovalenko
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Galanis P, Katsiroumpa A, Vraka I, Chrysagi V, Siskou O, Konstantakopoulou O, Katsoulas T, Gallos P, Kaitelidou D. Prevalence and risk factors of adverse effects after the first COVID-19 booster dose: evidence from Greece. VACUNAS 2023:S1576-9887(23)00038-9. [PMID: 37362837 PMCID: PMC10213299 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background In general, COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective, but minor adverse effects are common. However, adverse effects have not been measured in several countries including Greece. Objective To estimate the prevalence of adverse effects after the first COVID-19 booster dose, and to identify possible risk factors. Material and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample in Greece during November 2022. We measured several adverse effects after the booster dose, such as fatigue, headaches, fever, chills, nausea, etc. We considered gender, age, chronic disease, self-assessment of health status, COVID-19 diagnóstico, and self-assessment of COVID-19 course as possible predictors of adverse effects. Results In our sample, 96% developed at least one adverse effect. Half of the participants (50.2%) developed one to five adverse effects, 35.9% developed six to ten adverse effects, and 9.5% developed 11 to 16 adverse effects. Mean number of adverse effects was 5.5. The most frequent adverse effects were pain at the injection site (84.3%), fatigue (70.8%), muscle pain (61%), swelling at the injection site (55.2%), headache (49.8%), fever (42.9%), and chills (41%). Females developed more adverse effects than males (p < 0.001). The prevalence of adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines was statistically significant and positively associated with the severity of COVID-19 among COVID-recovered individuals (p < 0.05). Moreover, younger age was associated with increased adverse effects (p < 0.001). Conclusions Almost all participants in our study developed minor adverse effects after the booster dose. Female gender, COVID-19 patients with worse clinical course, and younger individuals experienced more often adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aglaia Katsiroumpa
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Vraka
- Department of Radiology, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vanessa Chrysagi
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Olga Siskou
- Department of Tourism Studies, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Olympia Konstantakopoulou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Katsoulas
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Parisis Gallos
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Daphne Kaitelidou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Giai C, Salassa BN, Zarelli VE, Bello OD, Vanrell MC, Ojeda DS, Gamarnik A, Colombo MI. Comparative analysis of humoral immune response upon the three first vaccines applied in Argentina: IgG production and neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15211. [PMID: 37090429 PMCID: PMC10113595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The population that has not received a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is at high risk for infection whereas vaccination prevents COVID-19 severe disease, hospitalization, and death. In Argentina, to date, more than 50 million doses of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been administered. The three main vaccines applied are Sputnik V, Oxford-AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm. In this study, we have compared the antibody response of voluntary individuals at day 0 (first dose vaccination day) and at 21-25 days post first and second dose. Our results indicate that at 21-25 days after the administration of the first doses of Sputnik V the large majority of the people vaccinated 80% (n = 15) presented high humoral responses as determined by the measurement of IgG against the Spike protein and the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). In the case of those vaccinated with AstraZeneca, the percentage was 80% (n = 15) whereas this value was reduced to only 25% (n = 16) in persons that received Sinopharm. However, after the second doses, most of the recipients had significant levels of antibodies. The virus neutralizing capacity of the antibodies generated was evaluated using a pseudotyped VSV-SARS-CoV2 Spike expressing eGFP and the data was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The results indicate that a good correlation exists between the levels of IgG and the neutralizing capacity of the antibodies against the recombinant virus. Our results stand out the importance of applying the second dose of Sinopharm. Thus, the present report provides data that will contribute to decisions making about the vaccine implementation plans of action for, not only our region but our country to support the fight against the COVID-19 global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Giai
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Betiana Nebaí Salassa
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Valeria Eugenia Zarelli
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Oscar Daniel Bello
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Vanrell
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | | | - María Isabel Colombo
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-UNCuyo-CONICET-Ciudad Universitaria, Mendoza, Argentina
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Mauas R, Urueña A, Cecchini D, Strada ML, Arietti S, Cassetti I, Nogueira NF, Salazar AS, Rodriguez VJ, Jones DL, Alcaide ML. Adverse events and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses after immunization with Sputnik V, ChAdOx1-S, and BBIBP-CorV vaccines in people with HIV. AIDS 2023; 37:941-946. [PMID: 36728228 PMCID: PMC10079572 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study describes adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) and the development of SARS-COV-2 antibodies after Sputnik V, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV (PWH). METHODS In total, 595 adult PWH at an HIV center in Argentina from March to December 2021 were enrolled. Analysis included participants who received COVID-19 vaccination with Sputnik V, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm, and did not receive mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Clinical data, and local or systemic AEFI variables were collected using an online questionnaire after the first dose. Detection of S1-RBD IgG antibodies was performed between days 28 and 60 after the second dose in a subsample (SARS-CoV-2 IgG chemiluminescent immunoassay; Siemens). A multivariable logistic regression and spearman test were used for analyses. RESULTS Mean age was 46.1 years (SD = 11.8); 70.4% were men; and median CD4 + T cells count was 659 (500-852) cells/μl. AEFIs were reported in 214 (36.0%) participants. More participants reported AEFIs after Sputnik V (29.4%) and AstraZeneca (47.5%) than Sinopharm (13.9%) (χ 2 = 35.85, P < 0.001). Higher odds of reporting an AEFIs were associated with receiving Sputnik V [aOR = 2.90; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.40-6.04; P = 0.004] and AstraZeneca (aOR = 5.38; 95% CI = 2.63-11.01; P < 0.001) compared with Sinopharm. Lower odds were associated with age (aOR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95-0.99; P < 0.001). Overall, 76 (95.0%) individuals assessed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody reached S1-RBD IgG antibody titers at least 1 U/ml; mean titer was 51.3 (SD = 51.07) U/ml. Higher antibody titers correlated with higher CD4 + T cells count (Rho = 0.280; P = 0.012). CONCLUSION NonmRNA vaccines showed a good safety profile and adequate SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses among PWH suggesting adequate protection to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas F. Nogueira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
| | - Ana S. Salazar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital
| | - Violeta J. Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deborah L. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria L. Alcaide
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
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Rando HM, Lordan R, Kolla L, Sell E, Lee AJ, Wellhausen N, Naik A, Kamil JP, Gitter A, Greene CS. The Coming of Age of Nucleic Acid Vaccines during COVID-19. mSystems 2023; 8:e0092822. [PMID: 36861992 PMCID: PMC10134841 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00928-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 21st century, several emergent viruses have posed a global threat. Each pathogen has emphasized the value of rapid and scalable vaccine development programs. The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has made the importance of such efforts especially clear. New biotechnological advances in vaccinology allow for recent advances that provide only the nucleic acid building blocks of an antigen, eliminating many safety concerns. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these DNA and RNA vaccines have facilitated the development and deployment of vaccines at an unprecedented pace. This success was attributable at least in part to broader shifts in scientific research relative to prior epidemics: the genome of SARS-CoV-2 was available as early as January 2020, facilitating global efforts in the development of DNA and RNA vaccines within 2 weeks of the international community becoming aware of the new viral threat. Additionally, these technologies that were previously only theoretical are not only safe but also highly efficacious. Although historically a slow process, the rapid development of vaccines during the COVID-19 crisis reveals a major shift in vaccine technologies. Here, we provide historical context for the emergence of these paradigm-shifting vaccines. We describe several DNA and RNA vaccines in terms of their efficacy, safety, and approval status. We also discuss patterns in worldwide distribution. The advances made since early 2020 provide an exceptional illustration of how rapidly vaccine development technology has advanced in the last 2 decades in particular and suggest a new era in vaccines against emerging pathogens. IMPORTANCE The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused untold damage globally, presenting unusual demands on but also unique opportunities for vaccine development. The development, production, and distribution of vaccines are imperative to saving lives, preventing severe illness, and reducing the economic and social burdens caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although vaccine technologies that provide the DNA or RNA sequence of an antigen had never previously been approved for use in humans, they have played a major role in the management of SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we discuss the history of these vaccines and how they have been applied to SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, given that the evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 variants continues to present a significant challenge in 2022, these vaccines remain an important and evolving tool in the biomedical response to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halie M. Rando
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Likhitha Kolla
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sell
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexandra J. Lee
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nils Wellhausen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amruta Naik
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeremy P. Kamil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - COVID-19 Review Consortium
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony Gitter
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Casey S. Greene
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang S, Liang B, Wang W, Li L, Feng N, Zhao Y, Wang T, Yan F, Yang S, Xia X. Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:149. [PMID: 37029123 PMCID: PMC10081433 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and distribution of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are the prioritized countermeasures of human disease. Among all vaccine platforms, viral vector vaccines offer distinguished advantages and represent prominent choices for pathogens that have hampered control efforts based on conventional vaccine approaches. Currently, viral vector vaccines remain one of the best strategies for induction of robust humoral and cellular immunity against human diseases. Numerous viruses of different families and origins, including vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus, parainfluenza virus, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, influenza virus, adenovirus and poxvirus, are deemed to be prominent viral vectors that differ in structural characteristics, design strategy, antigen presentation capability, immunogenicity and protective efficacy. This review summarized the overall profile of the design strategies, progress in advance and steps taken to address barriers to the deployment of these viral vector vaccines, simultaneously highlighting their potential for mucosal delivery, therapeutic application in cancer as well as other key aspects concerning the rational application of these viral vector vaccines. Appropriate and accurate technological advances in viral vector vaccines would consolidate their position as a leading approach to accelerate breakthroughs in novel vaccines and facilitate a rapid response to public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Li
- China National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Songtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
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