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Teague HC, Lefevre C, Rieser E, Wolfram L, de Miguel D, Patricio de Oliveira D, Oliveira M, Mansur DS, Irigoyen N, Walczak H, Ferguson BJ. LUBAC is required for RIG-I sensing of RNA viruses. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:28-39. [PMID: 38001254 PMCID: PMC10781740 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to mount an interferon response to virus infections depends on intracellular nucleic acid sensing pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). RIG-I is an intracellular PRR that binds short double-stranded viral RNAs to trigger MAVS-dependent signalling. The RIG-I/MAVS signalling complex requires the coordinated activity of multiple kinases and E3 ubiquitin ligases to activate the transcription factors that drive type I and type III interferon production from infected cells. The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) regulates the activity of multiple receptor signalling pathways in both ligase-dependent and -independent ways. Here, we show that the three proteins that constitute LUBAC have separate functions in regulating RIG-I signalling. Both HOIP, the E3 ligase capable of generating M1-ubiquitin chains, and LUBAC accessory protein HOIL-1 are required for viral RNA sensing by RIG-I. The third LUBAC component, SHARPIN, is not required for RIG-I signalling. These data cement the role of LUBAC as a positive regulator of RIG-I signalling and as an important component of antiviral innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena C Teague
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charlotte Lefevre
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eva Rieser
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, UK
- Centre for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lina Wolfram
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diego de Miguel
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, UK
- Centre for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Patricio de Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marisa Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nerea Irigoyen
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, UK
- Centre for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, Cologne, Germany
| | - Brian J Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Maraschin M, Talyuli OAC, Luíza Rulff da Costa C, Granella LW, Moi DA, Figueiredo BRS, Mansur DS, Oliveira PL, Oliveira JHM. Exploring dose-response relationships in Aedes aegypti survival upon bacteria and arbovirus infection. J Insect Physiol 2023; 151:104573. [PMID: 37838284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of how host fitness changes in response to variations in microbe density (an ecological measure of disease tolerance) is an important aim of infection biology. Here, we applied dose-response curves to study Aedes aegypti survival upon exposure to different microbes. We challenged female mosquitoes with Listeria monocytogenes, a model bacterial pathogen, Dengue 4 virus and Zika virus, two medically relevant arboviruses, to understand the distribution of mosquito survival following microbe exposure. By correlating microbe loads and host health, we found that a blood meal promotes disease tolerance in our systemic bacterial infection model and that mosquitoes orally infected with bacteria had an enhanced defensive capacity than insects infected through injection. We also showed that Aedes aegypti displays a higher survival profile following arbovirus infection when compared to bacterial infections. Here, we applied a framework for investigating microbe-induced mosquito mortality and details how the lifespan of Aedes aegypti varies with different inoculum sizes of bacteria and arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Maraschin
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Octávio A C Talyuli
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clara Luíza Rulff da Costa
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucilene W Granella
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Dieison A Moi
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Bruno R S Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Edifício Fritz Müller, Bloco B, Córrego Grande, CEP 88040-970, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular. Brazil
| | - José Henrique M Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular. Brazil.
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3
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de Oliveira Formiga R, Amaral FC, Souza CF, Mendes DAGB, Wanderley CWS, Lorenzini CB, Santos AA, Antônia J, Faria LF, Natale CC, Paula NM, Silva PCS, Fonseca FR, Aires L, Heck N, Starick MR, Queiroz‐Junior CM, Santos FRS, de Souza FRO, Costa VV, Barroso SPC, Morrot A, Van Weyenbergh J, Sordi R, Alisson‐Silva F, Cunha FQ, Rocha EL, Chollet‐Martin S, Hurtado‐Nedelec MM, Martin C, Burgel P, Mansur DS, Maurici R, Macauley MS, Báfica A, Witko‐Sarsat V, Spiller F. Neuraminidase is a host-directed approach to regulate neutrophil responses in sepsis and COVID-19. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1460-1481. [PMID: 36526272 PMCID: PMC9877938 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neutrophil overstimulation plays a crucial role in tissue damage during severe infections. Because pathogen-derived neuraminidase (NEU) stimulates neutrophils, we investigated whether host NEU can be targeted to regulate the neutrophil dysregulation observed in severe infections. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of NEU inhibitors on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neutrophils from healthy donors or COVID-19 patients were determined by evaluating the shedding of surface sialic acids, cell activation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Re-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing of respiratory tract samples from COVID-19 patients also was carried out. The effects of oseltamivir on sepsis and betacoronavirus-induced acute lung injury were evaluated in murine models. KEY RESULTS Oseltamivir and zanamivir constrained host NEU activity, surface sialic acid release, cell activation, and ROS production by LPS-activated human neutrophils. Mechanistically, LPS increased the interaction of NEU1 with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Inhibition of MMP-9 prevented LPS-induced NEU activity and neutrophil response. In vivo, treatment with oseltamivir fine-tuned neutrophil migration and improved infection control as well as host survival in peritonitis and pneumonia sepsis. NEU1 also is highly expressed in neutrophils from COVID-19 patients, and treatment of whole-blood samples from these patients with either oseltamivir or zanamivir reduced neutrophil overactivation. Oseltamivir treatment of intranasally infected mice with the mouse hepatitis coronavirus 3 (MHV-3) decreased lung neutrophil infiltration, viral load, and tissue damage. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that interplay of NEU1-MMP-9 induces neutrophil overactivation. In vivo, NEU may serve as a host-directed target to dampen neutrophil dysfunction during severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRSParisFrance
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Flávia C. Amaral
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Camila F. Souza
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Daniel A. G. B. Mendes
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Carlos W. S. Wanderley
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Cristina B. Lorenzini
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Adara A. Santos
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Juliana Antônia
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Lucas F. Faria
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Caio C. Natale
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Nicholas M. Paula
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Priscila C. S. Silva
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Fernanda R. Fonseca
- Department of Clinical MedicineFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Luan Aires
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Nicoli Heck
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Márick R. Starick
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Celso M. Queiroz‐Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Felipe R. S. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Filipe R. O. de Souza
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Vivian V. Costa
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Shana P. C. Barroso
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical ResearchMarcilio Dias Naval Hospital, Navy of BrazilRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- Immunoparasitology LaboratoryOswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Johan Van Weyenbergh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Regina Sordi
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Frederico Alisson‐Silva
- Department of Immunology, Paulo de Goes Institute of MicrobiologyFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Fernando Q. Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Edroaldo L. Rocha
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Sylvie Chollet‐Martin
- INSERM UMR 996, ‘Infammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance’, Faculty of PharmacyUniversité Paris‐SaclayChâtenay‐MalabryFrance
| | | | - Clémence Martin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRSParisFrance
- Department of PneumologyAP‐HP, Hôpital CochinParisFrance
| | - Pierre‐Régis Burgel
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRSParisFrance
- Department of PneumologyAP‐HP, Hôpital CochinParisFrance
| | - Daniel S. Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Rosemeri Maurici
- Department of Clinical MedicineFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | - Matthew S. Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - André Báfica
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
| | | | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of PharmacologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and ParasitologyFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil
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4
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Mambelli F, Marinho FV, Andrade JM, de Araujo ACVSC, Abuna RPF, Fabri VMR, Santos BPO, da Silva JS, de Magalhães MTQ, Homan EJ, Leite LCC, Dias GBM, Heck N, Mendes DAGB, Mansur DS, Báfica A, Oliveira SC. Recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Chimeric Protein Protects K18-hACE2 Mice against Viral Challenge. J Immunol 2023:263656. [PMID: 37098890 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has accounted for more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the existing tuberculosis vaccine, is known to induce heterologous effects over other infections due to trained immunity and has been proposed to be a potential strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this report, we constructed a recombinant BCG (rBCG) expressing domains of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins (termed rBCG-ChD6), recognized as major candidates for vaccine development. We investigated whether rBCG-ChD6 immunization followed by a boost with the recombinant nucleocapsid and spike chimera (rChimera), together with alum, provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. A single dose of rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera associated with alum elicited the highest anti-Chimera total IgG and IgG2c Ab titers with neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain when compared with control groups. Importantly, following SARS-CoV-2 challenge, this vaccination regimen induced IFN-γ and IL-6 production in spleen cells and reduced viral load in the lungs. In addition, no viable virus was detected in mice immunized with rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera, which was associated with decreased lung pathology when compared with BCG WT-rChimera/alum or rChimera/alum control groups. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of a prime-boost immunization system based on an rBCG expressing a chimeric protein derived from SARS-CoV-2 to protect mice against viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Mambelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio V Marinho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juvana M Andrade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C V S C de Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P F Abuna
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor M R Fabri
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno P O Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João S da Silva
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana T Q de Magalhães
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana C C Leite
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Greicy B M Dias
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nicoli Heck
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel A G B Mendes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - André Báfica
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sergio C Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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de Oliveira Formiga R, Amaral FC, Souza CF, Mendes DAGB, Wanderley CWS, Lorenzini CB, Santos AA, Antônia J, Faria LF, Natale CC, Paula NM, Silva PCS, Fonseca FR, Aires L, Heck N, Starick MR, Queiroz-Junior CM, Santos FRS, de Souza FRO, Costa VV, Barroso SPC, Morrot A, Van Weyenbergh J, Sordi R, Alisson-Silva F, Cunha FQ, Rocha EL, Chollet-Martin S, Hurtado-Nedelec MM, Martin C, Burgel PR, Mansur DS, Maurici R, Macauley MS, Báfica A, Witko-Sarsat V, Spiller F. Neuraminidase inhibitors rewire neutrophil function in vivo in murine sepsis and ex vivo in COVID-19. bioRxiv 2022:2020.11.12.379115. [PMID: 33200130 PMCID: PMC7668734 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.12.379115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil overstimulation plays a crucial role in tissue damage during severe infections. Neuraminidase (NEU)-mediated cleavage of surface sialic acid has been demonstrated to regulate leukocyte responses. Here, we report that antiviral NEU inhibitors constrain host NEU activity, surface sialic acid release, ROS production, and NETs released by microbial-activated human neutrophils. In vivo, treatment with Oseltamivir results in infection control and host survival in peritonitis and pneumonia models of sepsis. Single-cell RNA sequencing re-analysis of publicly data sets of respiratory tract samples from critical COVID-19 patients revealed an overexpression of NEU1 in infiltrated neutrophils. Moreover, Oseltamivir or Zanamivir treatment of whole blood cells from severe COVID-19 patients reduces host NEU-mediated shedding of cell surface sialic acid and neutrophil overactivation. These findings suggest that neuraminidase inhibitors can serve as host-directed interventions to dampen neutrophil dysfunction in severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávia C. Amaral
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila F. Souza
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. G. B. Mendes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos W. S. Wanderley
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina B. Lorenzini
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Adara A. Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliana Antônia
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas F. Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Caio C. Natale
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicholas M. Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Priscila C. S. Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R. Fonseca
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luan Aires
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicoli Heck
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márick R. Starick
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Celso M. Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe R. S. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Filipe R. O. de Souza
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vivian V. Costa
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Shana P. C. Barroso
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Research, Marcilio Dias Naval Hospital, Navy of Brazil, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johan Van Weyenbergh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Regina Sordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Frederico Alisson-Silva
- Department of Immunology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q. Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Edroaldo L. Rocha
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sylvie Chollet-Martin
- INSERM UMR 996, “Infammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance”, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Clémence Martin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS, Paris, France
- Department of Pneumology, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS, Paris, France
- Department of Pneumology, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Daniel S. Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rosemeri Maurici
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Matthew S. Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - André Báfica
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
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6
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Fajardo T, Sanford TJ, Mears HV, Jasper A, Storrie S, Mansur DS, Sweeney TR. The flavivirus polymerase NS5 regulates translation of viral genomic RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5081-5093. [PMID: 32313955 PMCID: PMC7229856 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses, including dengue virus and Zika virus, contain a single-stranded positive sense RNA genome that encodes viral proteins essential for replication and also serves as the template for new genome synthesis. As these processes move in opposite directions along the genome, translation must be inhibited at a defined point following infection to clear the template of ribosomes to allow efficient replication. Here, we demonstrate in vitro and in cell-based assays that the viral RNA polymerase, NS5, inhibits translation of the viral genome. By reconstituting translation in vitro using highly purified components, we show that this translation block occurs at the initiation stage and that translation inhibition depends on NS5-RNA interaction, primarily through association with the 5' replication promoter region. This work supports a model whereby expression of a viral protein signals successful translation of the infecting genome, prompting a switch to a ribosome depleted replication-competent form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Fajardo
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas J Sanford
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harriet V Mears
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Annika Jasper
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Skye Storrie
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Trevor R Sweeney
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
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7
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Delgobo M, Mendes DA, Kozlova E, Rocha EL, Rodrigues-Luiz GF, Mascarin L, Dias G, Patrício DO, Dierckx T, Bicca MA, Bretton G, Tenório de Menezes YK, Starick MR, Rovaris D, Del Moral J, Mansur DS, Van Weyenbergh J, Báfica A. An evolutionary recent IFN/IL-6/CEBP axis is linked to monocyte expansion and tuberculosis severity in humans. eLife 2019; 8:47013. [PMID: 31637998 PMCID: PMC6819084 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte counts are increased during human tuberculosis (TB) but it has not been determined whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) directly regulates myeloid commitment. We demonstrated that exposure to Mtb directs primary human CD34+ cells to differentiate into monocytes/macrophages. In vitro myeloid conversion did not require type I or type II IFN signaling. In contrast, Mtb enhanced IL-6 responses by CD34+ cell cultures and IL-6R neutralization inhibited myeloid differentiation and decreased mycobacterial growth in vitro. Integrated systems biology analysis of transcriptomic, proteomic and genomic data of large data sets of healthy controls and TB patients established the existence of a myeloid IL-6/IL6R/CEBP gene module associated with disease severity. Furthermore, genetic and functional analysis revealed the IL6/IL6R/CEBP gene module has undergone recent evolutionary selection, including Neanderthal introgression and human pathogen adaptation, connected to systemic monocyte counts. These results suggest Mtb co-opts an evolutionary recent IFN-IL6-CEBP feed-forward loop, increasing myeloid differentiation linked to severe TB in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Delgobo
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniel Agb Mendes
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Edgar Kozlova
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Edroaldo Lummertz Rocha
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.,Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Gabriela F Rodrigues-Luiz
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lucas Mascarin
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Greicy Dias
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniel O Patrício
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tim Dierckx
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maíra A Bicca
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gaëlle Bretton
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Yonne Karoline Tenório de Menezes
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Márick R Starick
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Darcita Rovaris
- Laboratório Central do Estado de Santa Catarina/LACEN, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Joanita Del Moral
- Serviço de Hematologia, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Johan Van Weyenbergh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - André Báfica
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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8
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Fleith RC, Mears HV, Leong XY, Sanford TJ, Emmott E, Graham SC, Mansur DS, Sweeney TR. IFIT3 and IFIT2/3 promote IFIT1-mediated translation inhibition by enhancing binding to non-self RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:5269-5285. [PMID: 29554348 PMCID: PMC6007307 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) are highly expressed during the cell-intrinsic immune response to viral infection. IFIT1 inhibits translation by binding directly to the 5′ end of foreign RNAs, particularly those with non-self cap structures, precluding the recruitment of the cap-binding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F and ribosome recruitment. The presence of IFIT1 imposes a requirement on viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm to maintain mechanisms to avoid its restrictive effects. Interaction of different IFIT family members is well described, but little is known of the molecular basis of IFIT association or its impact on function. Here, we reconstituted different complexes of IFIT1, IFIT2 and IFIT3 in vitro, which enabled us to reveal critical aspects of IFIT complex assembly. IFIT1 and IFIT3 interact via a YxxxL motif present in the C-terminus of each protein. IFIT2 and IFIT3 homodimers dissociate to form a more stable heterodimer that also associates with IFIT1. We show for the first time that IFIT3 stabilizes IFIT1 protein expression, promotes IFIT1 binding to a cap0 Zika virus reporter mRNA and enhances IFIT1 translation inhibition. This work reveals molecular aspects of IFIT interaction and provides an important missing link between IFIT assembly and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata C Fleith
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK.,Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Harriet V Mears
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xin Yun Leong
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas J Sanford
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Emmott
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen C Graham
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Trevor R Sweeney
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Guimarães ES, Gomes MTR, Campos PC, Mansur DS, Dos Santos AA, Harms J, Splitter G, Smith JA, Barber GN, Oliveira SC. Brucella abortus Cyclic Dinucleotides Trigger STING-Dependent Unfolded Protein Response That Favors Bacterial Replication. J Immunol 2019; 202:2671-2681. [PMID: 30894428 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Brucella abortus is a facultative intracellular bacterium that causes brucellosis, a prevalent zoonosis that leads to abortion and infertility in cattle, and undulant fever, debilitating arthritis, endocarditis, and meningitis in humans. Signaling pathways triggered by B. abortus involves stimulator of IFN genes (STING), which leads to production of type I IFNs. In this study, we evaluated the pathway linking the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the endoplasmic reticulum-resident transmembrane molecule STING, during B. abortus infection. We demonstrated that B. abortus infection induces the expression of the UPR target gene BiP and XBP1 in murine macrophages through a STING-dependent pathway. Additionally, we also observed that STING activation was dependent on the bacterial second messenger cyclic dimeric GMP. Furthermore, the Brucella-induced UPR is crucial for induction of multiple molecules linked to type I IFN signaling pathway, such as IFN-β, IFN regulatory factor 1, and guanylate-binding proteins. Furthermore, IFN-β is also important for the UPR induction during B. abortus infection. Indeed, IFN-β shows a synergistic effect in inducing the IRE1 axis of the UPR. In addition, priming cells with IFN-β favors B. abortus survival in macrophages. Moreover, Brucella-induced UPR facilitates bacterial replication in vitro and in vivo. Finally, these results suggest that B. abortus-induced UPR is triggered by bacterial cyclic dimeric GMP, in a STING-dependent manner, and that this response supports bacterial replication. In summary, association of STING and IFN-β signaling pathways with Brucella-induced UPR unravels a novel link between innate immunity and endoplasmic reticulum stress that is crucial for bacterial infection outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika S Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio R Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Priscila C Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Adara A Dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Jerome Harms
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Gary Splitter
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Judith A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Glen N Barber
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136; and
| | - Sergio C Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil; .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Ministério de Ciência Tecnologia e Inovação, Salvador 40110-160, Brazil
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10
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Trigg BJ, Lauer KB, Fernandes Dos Santos P, Coleman H, Balmus G, Mansur DS, Ferguson BJ. The Non-Homologous End Joining Protein PAXX Acts to Restrict HSV-1 Infection. Viruses 2017; 9:E342. [PMID: 29144403 PMCID: PMC5707549 DOI: 10.3390/v9110342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) has extensive interactions with the host DNA damage response (DDR) machinery that can be either detrimental or beneficial to the virus. Proteins in the homologous recombination pathway are known to be required for efficient replication of the viral genome, while different members of the classical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ) pathway have opposing effects on HSV-1 infection. Here, we have investigated the role of the recently-discovered c-NHEJ component, PAXX (Paralogue of XRCC4 and XLF), which we found to be excluded from the nucleus during HSV-1 infection. We have established that cells lacking PAXX have an intact innate immune response to HSV-1 but show a defect in viral genome replication efficiency. Counterintuitively, PAXX-/- cells were able to produce greater numbers of infectious virions, indicating that PAXX acts to restrict HSV-1 infection in a manner that is different from other c-NHEJ factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben J Trigg
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.
| | - Katharina B Lauer
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.
| | - Paula Fernandes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Heather Coleman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.
| | - Gabriel Balmus
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK.
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Brian J Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.
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11
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Fleith RC, Lobo FP, Dos Santos PF, Rocha MM, Bordignon J, Strottmann DM, Patricio DO, Pavanelli WR, Lo Sarzi M, Santos CND, Ferguson BJ, Mansur DS. Genome-wide analyses reveal a highly conserved Dengue virus envelope peptide which is critical for virus viability and antigenic in humans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36339. [PMID: 27805018 PMCID: PMC5090869 DOI: 10.1038/srep36339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting regions of proteins that show a high degree of structural conservation has been proposed as a method of developing immunotherapies and vaccines that may bypass the wide genetic variability of RNA viruses. Despite several attempts, a vaccine that protects evenly against the four circulating Dengue virus (DV) serotypes remains elusive. To find critical conserved amino acids in dengue viruses, 120 complete genomes of each serotype were selected at random and used to calculate conservation scores for nucleotide and amino acid sequences. The identified peptide sequences were analysed for their structural conservation and localisation using crystallographic data. The longest, surface exposed, highly conserved peptide of Envelope protein was found to correspond to amino acid residues 250 to 270. Mutation of this peptide in DV1 was lethal, since no replication of the mutant virus was detected in human cells. Antibodies against this peptide were detected in DV naturally infected patients indicating its potential antigenicity. Hence, this study has identified a highly conserved, critical peptide in DV that is a target of antibodies in infected humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata C Fleith
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Francisco P Lobo
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paula F Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Rocha
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Juliano Bordignon
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Daisy M Strottmann
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Daniel O Patricio
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia N D Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel S Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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12
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Silveira GF, Strottmann DM, de Borba L, Mansur DS, Zanchin NIT, Bordignon J, dos Santos CND. Single point mutations in the helicase domain of the NS3 protein enhance dengue virus replicative capacity in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and circumvent the type I interferon response. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 183:114-28. [PMID: 26340409 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease worldwide. The outcome of the infection is determined by the interplay of viral and host factors. In the present study, we evaluated the cellular response of human monocyte-derived DCs (mdDCs) infected with recombinant dengue virus type 1 (DV1) strains carrying a single point mutation in the NS3hel protein (L435S or L480S). Both mutated viruses infect and replicate more efficiently and produce more viral progeny in infected mdDCs compared with the parental, non-mutated virus (vBACDV1). Additionally, global gene expression analysis using cDNA microarrays revealed that the mutated DVs induce the up-regulation of the interferon (IFN) signalling and pattern recognition receptor (PRR) canonical pathways in mdDCs. Pronounced production of type I IFN were detected specifically in mdDCs infected with DV1-NS3hel-mutated virus compared with mdDCs infected with the parental virus. In addition, we showed that the type I IFN produced by mdDCs is able to reduce DV1 infection rates, suggesting that cytokine function is effective but not sufficient to mediate viral clearance of DV1-NS3hel-mutated strains. Our results demonstrate that single point mutations in subdomain 2 have important implications for adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity of DV1-NS3hel. Although a direct functional connection between the increased ATPase activity and viral replication still requires further studies, these mutations speed up viral RNA replication and are sufficient to enhance viral replicative capacity in human primary cell infection and circumvent type I IFN activity. This information may have particular relevance for attenuated vaccine protocols designed for DV.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Silveira
- Laboratório De Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - D M Strottmann
- Laboratório De Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - L de Borba
- Laboratório De Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - D S Mansur
- Laboratório De Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - N I T Zanchin
- Laboratório De Proteômica E Engenharia De Proteínas, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - J Bordignon
- Laboratório De Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Curitiba, Brasil
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13
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Campana PRV, Mansur DS, Gusman GS, Ferreira D, Teixeira MM, Braga FC. Anti-TNF-α Activity of Brazilian Medicinal Plants and Compounds from Ouratea semiserrata. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1509-15. [PMID: 26094613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several plant species are used in Brazil to treat inflammatory diseases and associated conditions. TNF-α plays a pivotal role on inflammation, and several plant extracts have been assayed against this target, both in vitro and in vivo. The effect of 11 Brazilian medicinal plants on TNF-α release by LPS-activated THP-1 cells was evaluated. The plant materials were percolated with different solvents to afford 15 crude extracts, whose effect on TNF-α release was determined by ELISA. Among the evaluated extracts, only Jacaranda caroba (Bignoniaceae) presented strong toxicity to THP-1 cells. Considering the 14 non-toxic extracts, TNF-α release was significantly reduced by seven of them (inhibition > 80%), originating from six plants, namely Cuphea carthagenensis (Lythraceae), Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae), Mansoa hirsuta (Bignoniaceae), Ouratea semiserrata (Ochnaceae), Ouratea spectabilis and Remijia ferruginea (Rubiaceae). The ethanol extract from O. semiserrata leaves was fractionated over Sephadex LH-20 and RP-HPLC to give three compounds previously reported for the species, along with agathisflavone and epicatechin, here described for the first time in the plant. Epicatechin and lanceoloside A elicited significant inhibition of TNF-α release, indicating that they may account for the effect produced by O. semiserrata crude extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla R V Campana
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil.,Divisão de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, R. Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, Belo Horizonte, CEP 30.510-010, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Bioquímica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Grasielle S Gusman
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Fernão C Braga
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
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14
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Neidel S, Maluquer de Motes C, Mansur DS, Strnadova P, Smith GL, Graham SC. Vaccinia virus protein A49 is an unexpected member of the B-cell Lymphoma (Bcl)-2 protein family. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:5991-6002. [PMID: 25605733 PMCID: PMC4358236 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.624650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes several proteins that inhibit activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). VACV protein A49 prevents translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus by sequestering cellular β-TrCP, a protein required for the degradation of the inhibitor of κB. A49 does not share overall sequence similarity with any protein of known structure or function. We solved the crystal structure of A49 from VACV Western Reserve to 1.8 Å resolution and showed, surprisingly, that A49 has the same three-dimensional fold as Bcl-2 family proteins despite lacking identifiable sequence similarity. Whereas Bcl-2 family members characteristically modulate cellular apoptosis, A49 lacks a surface groove suitable for binding BH3 peptides and does not bind proapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bax or Bak. The N-terminal 17 residues of A49 do not adopt a single well ordered conformation, consistent with their proposed role in binding β-TrCP. Whereas pairs of A49 molecules interact symmetrically via a large hydrophobic surface in crystallo, A49 does not dimerize in solution or in cells, and we propose that this hydrophobic interaction surface may mediate binding to a yet undefined cellular partner. A49 represents the eleventh VACV Bcl-2 family protein and, despite these proteins sharing very low sequence identity, structure-based phylogenetic analysis shows that all poxvirus Bcl-2 proteins are structurally more similar to each other than they are to any cellular or herpesvirus Bcl-2 proteins. This is consistent with duplication and diversification of a single BCL2 family gene acquired by an ancestral poxvirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Neidel
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom and
| | - Carlos Maluquer de Motes
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom and
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Pavla Strnadova
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom and
| | - Geoffrey L Smith
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom and
| | - Stephen C Graham
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom and
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15
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Mansur DS, Maluquer de Motes C, Unterholzner L, Sumner RP, Ferguson BJ, Ren H, Strnadova P, Bowie AG, Smith GL. Poxvirus targeting of E3 ligase β-TrCP by molecular mimicry: a mechanism to inhibit NF-κB activation and promote immune evasion and virulence. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003183. [PMID: 23468625 PMCID: PMC3585151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is essential for immune responses against pathogens and its activation requires the phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. Here we describe an inhibitor of NF-κB from vaccinia virus that has a closely related counterpart in variola virus, the cause of smallpox, and mechanistic similarity with the HIV protein Vpu. Protein A49 blocks NF-κB activation by molecular mimicry and contains a motif conserved in IκBα which, in IκBα, is phosphorylated by IKKβ causing ubiquitination and degradation. Like IκBα, A49 binds the E3 ligase β-TrCP, thereby preventing ubiquitination and degradation of IκBα. Consequently, A49 stabilised phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα) and its interaction with p65, so preventing p65 nuclear translocation. Serine-to-alanine mutagenesis within the IκBα-like motif of A49 abolished β-TrCP binding, stabilisation of p-IκBα and inhibition of NF-κB activation. Remarkably, despite encoding nine other inhibitors of NF-κB, a VACV lacking A49 showed reduced virulence in vivo. The host response to infection provides a powerful means of restricting the replication and spread of viruses. Consequently, viruses have evolved mechanisms to reduce activation of host response to infection and this paper provides an example of this. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is an important transcription factor that activates the host response to infection and is normally retained in an inactive form in the cytoplasm bound to an inhibitor called IκBα. However, upon stimulation by infection, IκBα is degraded and NF-κB moves to the nucleus to activate expression of genes mediating the host response. Here we describe how protein A49 from vaccinia virus, the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox, mimics IκBα to hijack the cellular degradation machinery and so stabilise IκBα and retain NF-κB in the cytoplasm. The importance of A49 is demonstrated by the fact that a virus lacking A49 was less virulent than control viruses, despite the expression of several other NF-κB inhibitors by vaccinia virus. Interestingly, HIV protein Vpu functions in a similar way to A49 and, given that A49 is highly conserved in variola virus, this work reveals a common strategy for suppression of host innate immunity by the viruses that cause smallpox and AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Mansur
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Maluquer de Motes
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leonie Unterholzner
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rebecca P. Sumner
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brian J. Ferguson
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pavla Strnadova
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G. Bowie
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geoffrey L. Smith
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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16
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Abstract
Innate immunity is the first immunological defence against pathogens. During virus infection detection of nucleic acids is crucial for the inflammatory response. Here we identify DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as a DNA sensor that activates innate immunity. We show that DNA-PK acts as a pattern recognition receptor, binding cytoplasmic DNA and triggering the transcription of type I interferon (IFN), cytokine and chemokine genes in a manner dependent on IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Both cells and mice lacking DNA-PKcs show attenuated cytokine responses to both DNA and DNA viruses but not to RNA or RNA virus infection. DNA-PK has well-established functions in the DNA repair and V(D)J recombination, hence loss of DNA-PK leads to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). However, we now define a novel anti-microbial function for DNA-PK, a finding with implications for host defence, vaccine development and autoimmunity. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00047.001 For multicellular organisms, the innate immune system is the first immunological defence against infection, rapidly recognizing and responding to the presence of any pathogen. Many different cell types contribute to the innate immunity, including fibroblasts, epithelial cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Once alerted to injury or infection, these cells release proteins called cytokines, interferons and chemokines into the blood or directly into tissue. These proteins act as messengers and interact with receptors on the surfaces of other cells in the immune system, stimulating them to join the battle against the infection. Detecting nucleic acids such as DNA is an important part of recognizing pathogens and infectious agents, particularly viruses, and activating the innate immune system. However, while the presence of DNA in the cytoplasm is known to initiate an innate immune response, we do not fully understand how this foreign DNA is sensed, or how the innate immune system is activated once foreign DNA has been detected. Here Ferguson et al. report that a well-known complex of three proteins, collectively called DNA-dependent protein kinase, is able to activate an innate immune response when it detects foreign DNA. This enzyme, called DNA-PK for short, is best known for its ability to repair broken DNA inside the nucleus. Now Ferguson et al. have found that it is also present at high levels within fibroblasts, cells that are often primary targets of viral infection, and they go on to explain how the detection of DNA by DNA-PK triggers a sequence of events that leads to the innate immune response being activated. These events include the transcription of type I interferon, chemokines and cytokines in a manner that depends on the presence IRF-3, a transcription factor that has a central role in the response of the immune system to viral infection. By identifying a role for DNA-PK in the cytoplasm as a DNA sensor, the work of Ferguson et al. increases our understanding of innate immunity. It may also, in the future, lead to an improved understanding of autoimmunity, and might also assist in the development of more immunogenic vaccines based on DNA or microbes that contain DNA. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00047.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Ferguson
- Department of Virology , Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom ; Department of Pathology , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
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Unterholzner L, Sumner RP, Baran M, Ren H, Mansur DS, Bourke NM, Randow F, Smith GL, Bowie AG. Vaccinia virus protein C6 is a virulence factor that binds TBK-1 adaptor proteins and inhibits activation of IRF3 and IRF7. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002247. [PMID: 21931555 PMCID: PMC3169548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) causes interferon-β (IFN-β) induction, a key event in the anti-viral innate immune response, and also a target of viral immune evasion. Here the vaccinia virus (VACV) protein C6 is identified as an inhibitor of PRR-induced IFN-β expression by a functional screen of select VACV open reading frames expressed individually in mammalian cells. C6 is a member of a family of Bcl-2-like poxvirus proteins, many of which have been shown to inhibit innate immune signalling pathways. PRRs activate both NF-κB and IFN regulatory factors (IRFs) to activate the IFN-β promoter induction. Data presented here show that C6 inhibits IRF3 activation and translocation into the nucleus, but does not inhibit NF-κB activation. C6 inhibits IRF3 and IRF7 activation downstream of the kinases TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IκB kinase-ε (IKKε), which phosphorylate and activate these IRFs. However, C6 does not inhibit TBK1- and IKKε-independent IRF7 activation or the induction of promoters by constitutively active forms of IRF3 or IRF7, indicating that C6 acts at the level of the TBK1/IKKε complex. Consistent with this notion, C6 immunoprecipitated with the TBK1 complex scaffold proteins TANK, SINTBAD and NAP1. C6 is expressed early during infection and is present in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Mutant viruses in which the C6L gene is deleted, or mutated so that the C6 protein is not expressed, replicated normally in cell culture but were attenuated in two in vivo models of infection compared to wild type and revertant controls. Thus C6 contributes to VACV virulence and might do so via the inhibition of PRR-induced activation of IRF3 and IRF7. A key event in the innate immune response to virus infection is the detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as viral DNA and RNA by cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). This leads to expression of interferon-β (IFN-β) by an infected cell. Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade the induction of IFN-β. Here a screen of poorly characterized vaccinia virus (VACV) proteins identified protein C6 as an inhibitor of IFN-β induction by PRRs. Data presented show that C6 prevents the activation of the transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7 by the kinases TBK1 and IKKε, which are key components at the point of convergence of several PRR signalling pathways. C6 interacts with the scaffold proteins NAP1, TANK and SINTBAD, which are components of the protein complexes containing TBK1 and IKKε, and this interaction might modulate the activity of these kinases. C6 is expressed early during infection and contributes to virulence because viruses that do not express C6 are attenuated in two in vivo models compared to wild type and revertant control viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Unterholzner
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rebecca P. Sumner
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcin Baran
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel S. Mansur
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nollaig M. Bourke
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Felix Randow
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey L. Smith
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G. Bowie
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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18
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Menezes GB, Mansur DS, McDonald B, Kubes P, Teixeira MM. Sensing sterile injury: opportunities for pharmacological control. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 132:204-14. [PMID: 21763344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sterile injury can trigger an acute inflammatory response, which might be responsible for the pathogenesis of several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lung fibrosis and acute liver failure. A key event for the pathogenesis of these diseases is the recruitment of leukocytes to necrotic areas. Much is known about the mechanisms of recruitment to sites of infection. However, only now is it becoming clear how leukocytes, especially neutrophils, are recruited to areas of tissue damage and necrosis in the absence of infection. Here, we review and discuss mechanisms responsible for sensing and driving the influx of leukocytes, specifically neutrophils, into sites of sterile injury. This knowledge clearly opens new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo B Menezes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Brazil.
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Benfield CTO, Mansur DS, McCoy LE, Ferguson BJ, Bahar MW, Oldring AP, Grimes JM, Stuart DI, Graham SC, Smith GL. Mapping the IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta)-binding interface of the B14 protein, a vaccinia virus inhibitor of IKKbeta-mediated activation of nuclear factor kappaB. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:20727-35. [PMID: 21474453 PMCID: PMC3121528 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.231381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The IκB kinase (IKK) complex regulates activation of NF-κB, a critical transcription factor in mediating inflammatory and immune responses. Not surprisingly, therefore, many viruses seek to inhibit NF-κB activation. The vaccinia virus B14 protein contributes to virus virulence by binding to the IKKβ subunit of the IKK complex and preventing NF-κB activation in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli. Previous crystallographic studies showed that the B14 protein has a Bcl-2-like fold and forms homodimers in the crystal. However, multi-angle light scattering indicated that B14 is in monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution. This transient self-association suggested that the hydrophobic dimerization interface of B14 might also mediate its interaction with IKKβ, and this was investigated by introducing amino acid substitutions on the dimer interface. One mutant (Y35E) was entirely monomeric but still co-immunoprecipitated with IKKβ and blocked both NF-κB nuclear translocation and NF-κB-dependent gene expression. Therefore, B14 homodimerization is nonessential for binding and inhibition of IKKβ. In contrast, a second monomeric mutant (F130K) neither bound IKKβ nor inhibited NF-κB-dependent gene expression, demonstrating that this residue is required for the B14-IKKβ interaction. Thus, the dimerization and IKKβ-binding interfaces overlap and lie on a surface used for protein-protein interactions in many viral and cellular Bcl-2-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla T. O. Benfield
- From the Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG
| | - Daniel S. Mansur
- From the Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG
| | - Laura E. McCoy
- From the Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG
| | - Brian J. Ferguson
- From the Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG
| | - Mohammad W. Bahar
- the Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Asa P. Oldring
- the Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Jonathan M. Grimes
- the Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN
- the Science Division, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, and
| | - David I. Stuart
- the Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN
- the Science Division, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, and
| | - Stephen C. Graham
- the Division of Structural Biology and Oxford Protein Production Facility, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN
- the Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey L. Smith
- From the Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG
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Mansur DS, Kroon EG, Nogueira ML, Arantes RME, Rodrigues SCO, Akira S, Gazzinelli RT, Campos MA. Lethal encephalitis in myeloid differentiation factor 88-deficient mice infected with herpes simplex virus 1. Am J Pathol 2005; 166:1419-26. [PMID: 15855642 PMCID: PMC1606396 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a large DNA virus from the Herpesviridae family, is the major cause of sporadic lethal encephalitis and blindness in humans. Recent studies have shown the importance of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune response to HSV-1 infection. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a critical adaptor protein that is downstream to mediated TLR activation and is essential for the production of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we studied the relationship between MyD88 and HSV-1 using a purified HSV-1 isolated from a natural oral recurrent human infection. We observed the activation of TLR-2 by HSV-1 in vitro using Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with a reporter gene. Interestingly, we found that only peritoneal macrophages from MyD88-/- mice, but not macrophages from TRL2-/- or from wild-type mice, were unable to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha in response to HSV-1 exposure. Additionally, although TLR2-/- mice showed no enhanced susceptibility to intranasal infection with HSV-1, MyD88-/- mice were highly susceptible to infection and displayed viral migration to the brain, severe neuropathological signs of encephalitis, and 100% mortality by day 10 after infection. Together, our results suggest that innate resistance to HSV-1 is mediated by MyD88 and may rely on activation of multiple TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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