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El-Shobokshy SA, Abo-Samaha MI, Khafaga AF, Fakiha KG, Khatab SA, Abdelmaksoud EM, Khalek Soltan MA, Othman SI, Rudayni HA, Allam AA, Emam M. The beneficial effect of nanomethionine supplementation on growth performance, gene expression profile, and histopathology of heat-stressed broiler chicken. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103206. [PMID: 37980757 PMCID: PMC10663956 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of nanomethionine (nano-meth) on performance, antioxidants, and gene expression of HSP70, HSP90 and Heat Shock factor-1 (HSF-1) from the liver, and TLR4 from the jejunum, of broiler chickens reared under normal temperatures or under heat stress. Three hundred 1-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups. Group 1 served as control. Under normal temperature, birds in group 2 received nano-meth (10 mL/L of drinking water) from d1 until the experiment ended. Group 3 birds were heat-stressed (HS) and did not receive any supplementation. Group 4 received nano-meth in the same dose from d1 old until experiment ended, and the birds were exposed to HS. Group 5 birds were HS and received supplementation of nano-meth during the HS period only. Nano-meth improved (P < 0.0001) final body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and also decreased (P < 0.0001) the effect of HS on growth performance. Reduction (P < 0.0001) in malondialdehyde and changes in antioxidant enzymes GPX and CAT activity indicated the antioxidant effect of nano-meth. Nano-meth supplementation caused an increase in the expression of HSP70 , HSP90 and HSF1, and a downregulation of TLR4 gene expression. Additionally, nano-meth-supplemented groups showed marked improvement in the histological liver structure, intestinal morphology and villus height compared to control or HS groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Set A El-Shobokshy
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Magda I Abo-Samaha
- Poultry Breeding and Production, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt.
| | - Khloud G Fakiha
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shymaa A Khatab
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | | | - Mosaad Abdel Khalek Soltan
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Emam
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
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Dietary intake of Spirulina platensis alters HSP70 gene expression profiles in the brain of rats in an experimental model of mixed stress. J Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-022-01388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Scheid S, Lejarre A, Wollborn J, Buerkle H, Goebel U, Ulbrich F. Argon preconditioning protects neuronal cells with a Toll-like receptor-mediated effect. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1371-1377. [PMID: 36453425 PMCID: PMC9838174 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The noble gas argon has the potential to protect neuronal cells from cell death. So far, this effect has been studied in treatment after acute damage. Preconditioning using argon has not yet been investigated. In this study, human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with different concentrations of argon (25%, 50%, and 74%; 21% O2, 5% CO2, balance nitrogen) at different time intervals before inflicting damage with rotenone (20 µM, 4 hours). Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry after annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Surface expressions of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 were also examined. Cells were also processed for analysis by western blot and qPCR to determine the expression of apoptotic and inflammatory proteins, such as extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2), nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), protein kinase B (Akt), caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, interleukin-8, and heat shock proteins. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for TLR2 and 4 and interleukin-8. Cells were also pretreated with OxPAPC, an antagonist of TLR2 and 4 to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Results showed that argon preconditioning before rotenone application caused a dose-dependent but not a time-dependent reduction in the number of apoptotic cells. Preconditioning with 74% argon for 2 hours was used for further experiments showing the most promising results. Argon decreased the surface expression of TLR2 and 4, whereas OxPAPC treatment partially abolished the protective effect of argon. Argon increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but decreased NF-κB and Akt. Preconditioning inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis and the heat shock response. Argon also suppressed the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the alteration of TLRs and interleukin-8. OxPAPC reversed the argon effect on ERK1/2, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and interleukin-8 expression, but not on NF-κB and the heat shock proteins. Taken together, argon preconditioning protects against apoptosis of neuronal cells and mediates its action via Toll-like receptors. Argon may represent a promising therapeutic alternative in various clinical settings, such as the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Scheid
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adrien Lejarre
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Wollborn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hartmut Buerkle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Goebel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, St. Franziskus-Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Felix Ulbrich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany,Correspondence to: Felix Ulbrich, .
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Hironao KY, Ashida H, Yamashita Y. Black soybean seed coat polyphenol ameliorates the abnormal feeding pattern induced by high-fat diet consumption. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1006132. [PMID: 36299984 PMCID: PMC9589235 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1006132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption induces chronic inflammation and microglial accumulation in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), the central regulator of feeding behavior and peripheral metabolism. As a result, the diurnal feeding rhythm is disrupted, leading to the development of obesity. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) can be prevented by restoring the normal feeding pattern. Therefore, functional foods and drugs that ameliorate hypothalamic inflammation and restore the normal feeding pattern may prevent or ameliorate DIO. Numerous functional foods and food-derived compounds with anti-obesity effects have been identified; however, few studies have been performed that assessed their potential to prevent the HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and disruption of feeding rhythm. In the present study, we found that polyphenols derived from black soybean seed coat (BE) significantly ameliorated the accumulation of activated microglia and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice, and restored their feeding pattern to one comparable to that of standard diet-fed mice, thereby ameliorating DIO. Furthermore, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside—the principal anthocyanin in BE—was found to be a strong candidate mediator of these effects. This is the first study to show that BE has the potential to provide a variety of beneficial effects on health, which involve amelioration of the HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and abnormal feeding pattern. The results of this study provide new evidence for the anti-obesity effects of black soybean polyphenols.
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Gaisina AA, Mekhtiev AA, Nurullayeva AN, Palatnikov GM, Shamilov EN. The impact of background γ-radiation on erythrocyte nuclear pathology, the serotonergic system, and cytochrome P-450 in hens (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) from Azerbaijan. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:846-851. [PMID: 35524911 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High levels of background γ-radiation exist in the suburbs of Baku, Azerbaijan. We examined the impact of radiation on erythrocyte nuclear pathologies, levels of cytochrome P-450, and serotonin-modulating anticonsolidation protein (SMAP) in the tissues of the hens from three settlements with different levels of background radiation. Higher levels of radiation resulted in increased nuclear pathologies, upregulation of tissue SMAP levels, and downregulation of cytochrome P-450. We also carried out controlled dosage studies on Wistar male rats, which showed significant upregulation of heat shock proteins with molecular mass 70 kDa (HSP70) in the bone marrow 3 and 5 h after SMAP intraperitoneal administration. Administration of SMAP to rats 3 h prior to γ-radiation exposure (8 Gy) provided significant protection to somatic cell nuclei. We conclude that SMAP can provide protection from the genotoxic effects of γ-radiation through upregulation of HSP70 or the transformation of chromatin into a condensed, more protective conformational state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Gaisina
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - A A Mekhtiev
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - A N Nurullayeva
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - G M Palatnikov
- Academician Abdulla Garayev Institute of Physiology, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - E N Shamilov
- Institute of Radiation Problems, NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
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Kuthala N, Shanmugam M, Kong X, Chiang CS, Hwang KC. Salt-mediated, plasmonic field-field/field-lattice coupling-enhanced NIR-II photodynamic therapy using core-gap-shell gold nanopeanuts. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:589-606. [PMID: 35527504 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00631b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic field-field coupling-induced enhancement of the optical properties of dye molecules in the nanogaps among metal nanoparticle clusters and thin films has attracted significant attention especially in disease-related theranostic applications. However, it is very challenging to synthesize plasmonic core-gap-shell nanostructures with a well-controlled nanogap, uniform shape, and distances to maximize the plasmonic field-field coupling between the core and the shell. Herein, we synthesized Au@gap@AuAg nanopeanut-shaped core-gap-shell nanostructures (Au NPN) and tuned their optical absorption from near-infrared region-I (NIR-I) to near-infrared region-II (NIR-II) by filling their nanogap with a high dielectric NaCl(aq) aqueous solution, which led to a dramatic redshift in the plasmonic absorption band by 320 nm from 660 to 980 nm and a 12.6-fold increase (at 1064 nm) in the extinction coefficient in the NIR region (1000-1300 nm). Upon filling the nanogap with NaCl(aq) aqueous solution, the Au NPN6.5(NaCl) (i.e., ∼6.5 nm nanogap)-mediated NIR-II photodynamic therapy effect was dramatically enhanced, resulting in a much longer average lifespan of >55 days for the mice bearing a murine colon tumor and treated with Au NPN6.5(NaCl) plus 1064 nm light irradiation compared to the mice treated with Au NPN6.5 + 1064 nm light irradiation (without nanogap filled with dielectric NaCl(aq), 40 d) and the doxorubicin-treated group (23 d). This study demonstrates a simple but effective method to tune and maximize the plasmonic field-field coupling between the metal shell and metal core of core-gap-shell nanostructures, the plasmonic field-lattice interactions, and biomedical applications for the treatment of tumors. Overall, our work presents a new way to enhance/maximize the plasmonic field-field and field-lattice coupling, and thus the performance/sensitivities in nanogap-based bioimaging, sensing, and theranostic nanomaterials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kuthala
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Munusamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Predictive Value of Heat-Shock Protein Gene Expression on Severe Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040981. [PMID: 35454029 PMCID: PMC9030968 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate significant gene expression in severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns, which can be used as a predictable measure for high-risk HIE infants. The study prospectively recruited 77 inborn near-term or term HIE newborns between January 2018 and December 2020. We measured six different genes within 6 h of life among the HIE infants and compared the gene levels between the mild- and severe-HIE groups. Among these, 64 HIE infants (83.1%) did not receive therapeutic hypothermia (TH) because they were categorized as mild HIE, and the 13 remaining (16.9%) infants were categorized as ≥ moderate-HIE group and received TH. More abnormal MRI findings, seizure, and use of anti-convulsant were more found in the ≥ moderate = HIE group along with longer mechanical ventilation days and hospitalization. Heat-shock protein 70 family 1 A (HSPA1A) and serpin family H member 1 (SERPINH1) genes, which encode heat-shock protein (HSP) 70 and 47, respectively, were significantly elevated in the ≥ moderate-HIE, seizure, and abnormal MRI groups. HSP 70 and 47 were significantly elevated in the severe-HIE group, possibly playing protective roles in inhibiting exacerbated neuroinflammation and maintaining a cellular homeostasis. At 18–24 months, ≥ moderate-HIE group manifested a significant language delay.
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8
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Wu N, Sun Y, Kong M, Lin X, Cao C, Li Z, Feng W, Li F. Er-Based Luminescent Nanothermometer to Explore the Real-Time Temperature of Cells under External Stimuli. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107963. [PMID: 35182011 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Temperature as a typical parameter, which influences the status of living creatures, is essential to life activities and indicates the initial cellular activities. In recent years, the rapid development of nanotechnology provides a new tool for studying temperature variation at the micro- or nano-scales. In this study, an important phenomenon is observed at the cell level using luminescent probes to explore intracellular temperature changes, based on Yb-Er doping nanoparticles with special upconversion readout mode and intensity ratio signals (I525 and I545 ). Further optimization of this four-layer core-shell ratio nanothermometer endows it with remarkable characteristics: super photostability, sensitivity, and protection owing to the shell. Thus this kind of thermal probe has the property of anti-interference to the complex chemical environment, responding exclusively to temperature, when it is used in liquid and cells to reflect external temperature changes at the nanoscale. The intracellular temperature of living RAW and CAOV3 cells are observed to have a resistance mechanism to external stimuli and approach a more favorable temperature, especially for CAOV3 cells with good heat resistance, with the intracellular temperature 4.8 °C higher than incubated medium under 5 °C environment, and 4.4 °C lower than the medium under 60 °C environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yishuo Sun
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Mengya Kong
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Cong Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxian Li
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedicine Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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9
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Guo Z, Gao S, Ding J, He J, Ma L, Bu D. Effects of Heat Stress on the Ruminal Epithelial Barrier of Dairy Cows Revealed by Micromorphological Observation and Transcriptomic Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 12:768209. [PMID: 35096001 PMCID: PMC8793686 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.768209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) alters the rumen fermentation of dairy cows thereby affecting the metabolism of rumen papillae and thus the epithelial barrier function. The aim of the present study was to investigate if HS damages the barrier function of ruminal epithelia. Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows with rumen cannula were randomly equally allocated to two replicates (n = 4), with each replicate being subjected to heat stress or thermal neutrality and pair-feeding in four environmental chambers. Micromorphological observation showed HS aggravated the shedding of the corneum and destroyed the physical barrier of the ruminal epithelium to a certain extent. Transcriptomics analysis of the rumen papillae revealed pathways associated with DNA replication and repair and amino acid metabolism were perturbated, the biological processes including sister chromatid segregation, etc. were up-regulated by HS, while the MAPK and NF-kB cell signaling pathways were downregulated. However, no heat stress-specific change in the expression of tight junction protein or TLR4 signaling was found, suggesting that HS negatively affected the physical barrier of the ruminal epithelium to some extent but did not break the ruminal epithelium. Heat stress invoked mechanisms to maintain the integrity of the rumen epithelial barrier by upregulating the expression of heat shock protein and repairments in rumen papillae. The increase in amino acid metabolism in rumen papillae might affect the nutrient utilization of the whole body. The findings of this study may inform future research to better understand how heat stress affects the physiology and productivity of lactating cows and the development of mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dengpan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Shanmugam M, Kuthala N, Vankayala R, Chiang CS, Kong X, Hwang KC. Multifunctional CuO/Cu 2O Truncated Nanocubes as Trimodal Image-Guided Near-Infrared-III Photothermal Agents to Combat Multi-Drug-Resistant Lung Carcinoma. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14404-14418. [PMID: 34428028 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of various therapeutic modalities to tackle cancer, multidrug resistance (MDR) and incomplete destruction of deep tissue-buried tumors remain as long-standing challenges responsible for tumor recurrence and low survival rates. In addition to the MDR and deep tissue photoactivation problems, most primary tumors metastasize to the lungs and lymph nodes to form secondary tumors. Therefore, it leaves a great challenge to develop theranostic approaches to combat both MDR and deep tissue photoactivation problems. Herein, we develop a versatile plasmonic CuO/Cu2O truncated nanocube-based theranostic nanomedicine to act as a triple modal near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging agent in the biological window II (1000-1500 nm)/photoacoustic imaging (PAI)/T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging agents, sensitize the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) to exert nanomaterial-mediated photodynamic therapeutic (NIR-II NmPDT), and absorb long NIR light (i.e., 1550 nm) in the biological window III (1500-1700 nm) to exert nanomaterial-mediated photothermal therapeutic (NIR-III NmPTT) effects for the effective destruction of multi-drug-resistant lung tumors. We found that H69AR lung cancer cells do not create drug resistance toward plasmonic CuO/Cu2O TNCs-based nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munusamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan ROC
| | - Naresh Kuthala
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan ROC
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342037, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan ROC
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan ROC
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11
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Araki Y, Ida Y, Nonaka M, Yoshizaki Y, Fujii A, Nagano M, Kanouchi H. The Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 after Oral Administration of Concentrated Brewed Rice Vinegar Kurozu in Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:478-480. [PMID: 33132352 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is induced by various stresses. Since HSP70 has a protein refolding activity and an anti-inflammatory activity, the HSP70 induction will help cells from harmful acute stresses. Feeding a diet containing concentrated brewed rice vinegar Kurozu (CK) diet for 5 wk resulted in an increase of HSP70 in the brains of mice. In the present study, we evaluated whether oral feeding of 25 μL CK induces HSP70 mRNA in brain and other tissues. HSP70 mRNA was significantly increased in the esophagus, small intestine, liver, and brown adipose tissue within 1 h after the oral administration of CK. A weaker induction of HSP70 mRNA was demonstrated in the stomach, large intestine, and brain. HSP70 mRNA induction returned to basal levels within 3 h after feeding. We doubted that the induction of HSP70 mRNA was caused by manual restraint of the mice during CK administration. Manual restraint of the mice did not influence HSP70 mRNA expression in intestine 1 h after these treatments. Our results suggest that transient HSP70 mRNA induction by oral feeding of CK was not caused by retention stress. There are some compounds in CK that increase HSP70 mRNA in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Araki
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University
| | - Yuta Ida
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University
| | - Miwa Nonaka
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University
| | - Yumiko Yoshizaki
- Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
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12
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Caba E, Sherman MD, Farizatto KLG, Alcira B, Wang HW, Giardina C, Shin DG, Sandefur CI, Bahr BA. Excitotoxic stimulation activates distinct pathogenic and protective expression signatures in the hippocampus. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9011-9027. [PMID: 34414662 PMCID: PMC8435451 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxic events underlying ischaemic and traumatic brain injuries activate degenerative and protective pathways, particularly in the hippocampus. To understand opposing pathways that determine the brain's response to excitotoxicity, we used hippocampal explants, thereby eliminating systemic variables during a precise protocol of excitatory stimulation. N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) was applied for 20 min and total RNA isolated one and 24 h later for neurobiology‐specific microarrays. Distinct groups of genes exhibited early vs. delayed induction, with 63 genes exclusively reduced 24‐h post‐insult. Egr‐1 and NOR‐1 displayed biphasic transcriptional modulation: early induction followed by delayed suppression. Opposing events of NMDA‐induced genes linked to pathogenesis and cell survival constituted the early expression signature. Delayed degenerative indicators (up‐regulated pathogenic genes, down‐regulated pro‐survival genes) and opposing compensatory responses (down‐regulated pathogenic genes, up‐regulated pro‐survival genes) generated networks with temporal gene profiles mirroring coexpression network clustering. We then used the expression profiles to test whether NF‐κB, a potent transcription factor implicated in both degenerative and protective pathways, is involved in the opposing responses. The NF‐κB inhibitor MG‐132 indeed altered NMDA‐mediated transcriptional changes, revealing components of opposing expression signatures that converge on the single response element. Overall, this study identified counteracting avenues among the distinct responses to excitotoxicity, thereby suggesting multi‐target treatment strategies and implications for predictive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Caba
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Neurosciences Program, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Marcus D Sherman
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA
| | - Karen L G Farizatto
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA
| | - Britney Alcira
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA
| | - Hsin-Wei Wang
- Bioinformatics and Biocomputing Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Charles Giardina
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Dong-Guk Shin
- Bioinformatics and Biocomputing Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Conner I Sandefur
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and the Cystic Fibrosis and Pulmonary Diseases Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Sandefur Modeling, Pittsboro, NC, USA
| | - Ben A Bahr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Neurosciences Program, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA
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13
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Sontag D, Miles DA, Uhanova J, Grubert Van Iderstine M, Yang J, Minuk GY. The effects of hyperthermia on human hepatocellular carcinoma stem and mature cancer cells. Ann Hepatol 2021; 19:265-268. [PMID: 32005636 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can recur following radiofrequency ablation and other hyperthermic treatment modalities. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of HCC cells that are difficult to eradicate and largely responsible for tumor recurrences. Thus, the principal objective of this study was to determine whether human HCC CSCs are relatively thermal-resistant compared to non-stem or mature cancer cells (MCCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) positive enriched CSCs and EpCAM- MCCs were derived from a human HCC cell line using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Each cell population was exposed to 65°C heat for 0-16min and survival documented at various time points. RESULTS Cell survival curves were similar in CSC and MCCs throughout the 16min heat exposure period. Maximum killing was obtained after 12-14min of heat exposure. Cytoprotective, heat shock proteins-70 (HSP70) and -90 (HSP90) mRNA expression were not disproportionately increased in CSCs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that human HCC CSCs are not more thermal resistant than MCCs and therefore, do not support the hypothesis that HCC recurrences following hyperthermic treatment reflect CSC thermal-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sontag
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David A Miles
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Julia Uhanova
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Micah Grubert Van Iderstine
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gerald Y Minuk
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Perini F, Cendron F, Rovelli G, Castellini C, Cassandro M, Lasagna E. Emerging Genetic Tools to Investigate Molecular Pathways Related to Heat Stress in Chickens: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 11:ani11010046. [PMID: 33383690 PMCID: PMC7823582 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary New genomic tools have been used as an instrument in order to assess the molecular pathway involved in heat stress resistance. Local chicken breeds have a better attitude to face heat stress. This review aims to summarize studies linked to chickens, heat stress, and heat shock protein. Abstract Chicken products are the most consumed animal-sourced foods at a global level across greatly diverse cultures, traditions, and religions. The consumption of chicken meat has increased rapidly in the past few decades and chicken meat is the main animal protein source in developing countries. Heat stress is one of the environmental factors which decreases the productive performance of poultry and meat quality. Heat stress produces the over-expression of heat shock factors and heat shock proteins in chicken tissues. Heat shock proteins regulate several molecular pathways in cells in response to stress conditions, changing the homeostasis of cells and tissues. These changes can affect the physiology of the tissue and hence the production ability of chickens. Indeed, commercial chicken strains can reach a high production level, but their body metabolism, being comparatively accelerated, has poor thermoregulation. In contrast, native backyard chickens are more adapted to the environments in which they live, with a robustness that allows them to survive and reproduce constantly. In the past few years, new molecular tools have been developed, such as RNA-Seq, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and bioinformatics approaches such as Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Based on these genetic tools, many studies have detected the main pathways involved in cellular response mechanisms. In this context, it is necessary to clarify all the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in heat stress response. Hence, this paper aims to review the ability of the new generation of genetic tools to clarify the molecular pathways associated with heat stress in chickens, offering new perspectives for the use of these findings in the animal breeding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Perini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Filippo Cendron
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Giacomo Rovelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Martino Cassandro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy;
| | - Emiliano Lasagna
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (E.L.)
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15
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Identification of a Novel Gene, Osbht, in Response to High Temperature Tolerance at Booting Stage in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165862. [PMID: 32824161 PMCID: PMC7461545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the world’s leading food crops, and over 90% of the world’s rice production stems from Asia. In particular, an increase of 1 °C in the minimum temperature reduces the quantity of rice by 10%. Therefore, the development of rice varieties that can stably maintain the yield and quality of the rice even under these rapid climate changes is indispensable. In this study, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping after treatment with heat stress during the booting stage in rice. We performed a QTL analysis using the Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid (CNDH) line and identified 19 QTLs during the 2 year analysis. Of these QTL regions, the 2.2 cM region of RM3709–RM11694 on chromosome 1 was shared among the six traits (heading date; culm length; panicle length; number of tiller; 1000 grain weight; and content of chlorophyll) examined. Rice Microsatellite (RM) 3709–RM11694 contained 27 high-temperature-tolerance candidate genes. Among the candidate genes, OsBHT showed a different gene expression level between CNDH75, which is a high-temperature tolerant line, and CNDH11 which is a susceptible line. Although some existing high-temperature-tolerant genes have been reported, OsBHT can be used more effectively for the development of heat tolerance in rice.
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16
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Emerging roles of HSF1 in cancer: Cellular and molecular episodes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188390. [PMID: 32653364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) systematically guards proteome stability and proteostasis by regulating the expression of heat shock protein (HSP), thus rendering cancer cells addicted to HSF1. The non-canonical transcriptional programme driven by HSF1, which is distinct from the heat shock response (HSR), plays an indispensable role in the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer. Therefore, HSF1 is widely exploited as a potential therapeutic target in a broad spectrum of cancers. Various molecules and signals in the cell jointly regulate the activation and attenuation of HSF1. The high-level expression of HSF1 in tumours and its relationship with patient prognosis imply that HSF1 can be used as a biomarker for patient prognosis and a target for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the newly identified mechanisms of HSF1 activation and regulation, the diverse functions of HSF1 in tumourigenesis, and the feasibility of using HSF1 as a prognostic marker. Disrupting cancer cell proteostasis by targeting HSF1 represents a novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategy.
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17
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Yang T, Wang X, Liu L, Chen H, Wang N. Ginkgolide-Platinum(II) Complex GPt(II) Exhibits Therapeutic Effect on Depression in Mice via Upregulation of DA and 5-HT Neurotransmitters. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922052. [PMID: 32484164 PMCID: PMC7291786 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is the 5th most prevalent disorder adversely affecting the health of humans worldwide. The present study evaluated the antidepressant effect of ginkgolide-platinum(II) complex in vivo in a mice model of CMS-induced depression. Material/Methods Depression was induced in mice by social isolation followed by chronic mild stress. After stress, the mice were assigned randomly to a model group, a 3 mg/kg group, a 6 mg/kg group, and a 12 mg/kg group. The mice in the 3 treatment groups were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 3.0, 6.0, or 12.0 mg/kg GPt(II) on day 11 of stress. The behavioral changes in mice were analyzed on day 21 of GPt(II) treatment by suspension and open field tests. Results The GPt(II) treatment significantly increased the numbers of crossings and rearings in CMS mice. Treatment of mice with GPt(II) significantly elevated dopamine, BDNF, and serotonin levels in hippocampus tissues. The CMS-mediated reduction of neuropeptide production in the hippocampus tissues was significantly alleviated by GPt(II) treatment (P<0.05). The GPt(II) treatment suppressed the effect on CMS-induced elevated level of MAO-A in hippocampus tissues. Treatment with GPt(II) significantly repressed caspase-3 activation induced by CMS in the hippocampus tissues of mice. The GPt(II) treatment significantly (P<0.05) upregulated Hsp70 mRNA level in depression model mice. The levels of dopamine, serotonin, and BDNF were increased from 187.83±8.53, 289.65±10.76, and 7.98±1.87 ng/g, respectively, in the model group to 657.63±24.47, 720.54±28.09, and 22.56±3.11 ng/g, respectively, in the 12 mg/kg GPt(II) treatment group. Conclusions GPt(II) treatment significantly relieved characteristics of depression in the mice through upregulation of neurotransmitter, neuropeptide, and Hsp70 expression. Moreover, GPt(II) downregulated monoamine oxidase-A levels in the mouse hippocampus tissues. Therefore, further research is warranted on the possible therapeutic effect of GPt(II) in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xubo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hanwen Chen
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Na Wang
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
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18
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Alonso LM, Marder E. Temperature compensation in a small rhythmic circuit. eLife 2020; 9:e55470. [PMID: 32484437 PMCID: PMC7332291 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature affects the conductances and kinetics of the ionic channels that underlie neuronal activity. Each membrane conductance has a different characteristic temperature sensitivity, which raises the question of how neurons and neuronal circuits can operate robustly over wide temperature ranges. To address this, we employed computational models of the pyloric network of crabs and lobsters. We produced multiple different models that exhibit a triphasic pyloric rhythm over a range of temperatures and explored the dynamics of their currents and how they change with temperature. Temperature can produce smooth changes in the relative contributions of the currents to neural activity so that neurons and networks undergo graceful transitions in the mechanisms that give rise to their activity patterns. Moreover, responses of the models to deletions of a current can be different at high and low temperatures, indicating that even a well-defined genetic or pharmacological manipulation may produce qualitatively distinct effects depending on the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro M Alonso
- Volen Center and Biology Department, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Eve Marder
- Volen Center and Biology Department, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
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19
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Won S, Lee J, Kim J, Choi H, Kim J. Comparative Whole Cell Proteomics of Listeria monocytogenes at Different Growth Temperatures. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:259-270. [PMID: 31838794 PMCID: PMC9728365 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1911.11027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe food pathogen responsible for the listeriosis that mostly occurs during the low-temperature storage of a cold cut or dairy products. To understand the systemic response to a wide range of growth temperatures, L. monocytogenes were cultivated at a different temperature from 10°C to 42°C, then whole cell proteomic analysis has been performed both exponential and stationary cells. The specific growth rate increased proportionally with the increase in growth temperature. The maximum growth rate was observed at 37°C and was maintained at 42°C. Global protein expression profiles mainly depended on the growth temperatures showing similar clusters between exponential and stationary phases. Expressed proteins were categorized by their belonging metabolic systems and then, evaluated the change of expression level in regard to the growth temperature and stages. DnaK, GroEL, GroES, GrpE, and CspB, which were the heat&cold shock response proteins, increased their expression with increasing the growth temperatures. In particular, GroES and CspB were expressed more than 100-fold than at low temperatures during the exponential phase. Meanwhile, CspL, another cold shock protein, overexpressed at a low temperature then exponentially decreased its expression to 65-folds. Chemotaxis protein CheV and flagella proteins were highly expressed at low temperatures and stationary phases. Housekeeping proteins maintained their expression levels constant regardless of growth temperature or growth phases. Most of the growth related proteins, which include central carbon catabolic enzymes, were highly expressed at 30°C then decreased sharply at high growth temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoon Won
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-042-821-6834 Fax:+82-042-821-8887 E-mail:
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Shu K, Zhang Y. Protodioscin protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced injury through miR-124/AKT/Nrf2 pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:1091-1099. [PMID: 31446555 PMCID: PMC6882996 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of protodioscin (Prot) in an in vitro model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. After PC12 cells were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) reperfusion, PI staining by flow cytometry was used to quantify the rate of apoptosis. The levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using commercially available kits. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected using the 20,70-dichlorodihy-drofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence assay. The expression levels of heat-shock proteins (HSP), PI3K, AKT, Nrf2, and miR-124 were tested by western blot or quantitative PCR. Prot significantly attenuated oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced apoptotic death. Prot also reduced the oxidative stress as revealed by increasing the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, decreasing the levels of ROS and MDA. Moreover, mechanism investigations suggested that Prot prevented the decrease of HSP70, HSP32 (hemeoxygenase-1, HO-1), and PI3K protein expression, phosphorylation of AKT, and the accumulation of nuclear Nrf2. The level of miR-124 was decreased in PC12 cells, which was also effectively reversed by Prot treatment. Prot protected PC12 cells against OGD/R-induced injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis, which could be associated with increasing HSP proteins expression via activating PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway and miR-124 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shu
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277, Yanta Road., Xi'an City, 710061, Shanxi Province, China.
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21
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Mechanism of continuous high temperature affecting growth performance, meat quality, and muscle biochemical properties of finishing pigs. GENES AND NUTRITION 2019; 14:23. [PMID: 31367261 PMCID: PMC6657146 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The mechanism of high ambient temperature affecting meat quality is not clear till now. This study investigated the effect of high ambient temperature on meat quality and nutrition metabolism in finishing pigs. Methods All pigs received the same corn-soybean meal diet. A total of 24 Landrace × Large White pigs (60 kg BW, all were female) were assigned to three groups: 22AL (fed ad libitum at 22 °C), 35AL (ad libitum fed at 35 °C), and 22PF (at 22 °C, but fed the amount consumed by pigs raised at 35 °C) and the experiment lasted for 30 days. Results Feed intake, weight gain, and intramuscular fat (IMF) content of pigs were reduced, both directly by high temperature and indirectly through reduced feed intake. Transcriptome analysis of longissimus dorsi (LM) showed that downregulated genes caused by feed restriction were mainly involved in muscle development and energy metabolism; and upregulated genes were mainly involved in response to nutrient metabolism or extracellular stimulus. Apart from the direct effects of feed restriction, high temperature negatively affected the muscle structure and development, energy, or catabolic metabolism, and upregulated genes were mainly involved in DNA or protein damage or recombination, cell cycle process or biogenesis, stress response, or immune response. Conclusion Both high temperature and reduced feed intake affected growth performance and meat quality. Apart from the effects of reducing feed intake, high temperature per se negatively downregulated cell cycle and upregulated heat stress response. High temperature also decreased the energy or catabolic metabolism level through PPAR signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12263-019-0643-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Allakhverdieva TN, Mehdiyev KS, Gaisina AA, Mekhtiev AA. Activation of the Serotonergic System Promotes Survival of Different Animal Species Exposed to Bacterial and Chemical Toxins. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093019010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chaubey K, Alam SI, Nagar DP, Waghmare CK, Pant SC, Singh L, Srivastava N, Bhattacharya BK. From the Cover: Proteome Profile of Different Rat Brain Regions After Sarin Intoxication. Toxicol Sci 2018; 160:136-149. [PMID: 28973502 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarin is an organophosphorus (OP) chemical warfare agent which irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Acute toxicity after sarin exposure is because of hyper activation of the nicotinic and muscarinic receptor. Survivors of sarin exposure often develop long-term neuropathology referred as OP ester-induced chronic neurotoxicity. However, the exact mechanism of chronic neurotoxicity is yet unknown. We studied proteomic changes in rat brain regions after 0.5 LD50 dose of sarin and investigated some milestone changes associated with long-term CNS injury. We used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis/mass spectrometry approach to identify early proteomic changes and traced expression of selected proteins for longer time points. This study shows changes in chaperone function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and defect in cytoskeleton functions at earlier stages. Predictive interaction analysis demonstrated putative role of Parkinson's disease-related proteins after sarin exposure. Our results clearly indicated neurodegenerative changes which started after 2.5 h and showed prominence after 3-month postexposure. The study also unmasks changes in proteins related to movement and cognitive function. The markers for astrocytosis (GFAP) and neurodegenerative changes (alpha-synuclein and amyloid precursor protein) exhibited altered expression in brain. This is the first proteomic study among survivors of sarin exposure in animal model. Some of the early changes, including those involved in neurodegeneration, movement, and cognitive function, defects in chaperone function and cytoskeleton, were shown to persist for a longer period. The study provides a preliminary framework for further validation of major mechanisms of sarin toxicity is suggested here and opens new avenues for elucidation of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Chaubey
- Biochemistry Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Syed Imteyaz Alam
- Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Durga Prasad Nagar
- Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Chandra Kant Waghmare
- Biochemistry Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Satish C Pant
- Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Lokendra Singh
- Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Nalini Srivastava
- School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, MP 474002, India
| | - Bijoy K Bhattacharya
- Biochemistry Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, MP 474002, India
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24
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Allakhverdiyeva TN, Mekhtiev AA. The preconditioning phenomenon and its mechanisms in the common carp as affected by Actara insecticide. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093017050039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Mekhtiev AA, Allahverdiyeva TN, Movsum-Zadeh SK. DNA integrity-protecting and survival-promoting activity of serotonergic system in sturgeon juveniles and sazans. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1153-1160. [PMID: 28321525 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study concerns evaluation of engagement of serotonergic system in the mechanisms of antimutagenic protection and survival under adverse conditions. It is shown that under long-term exposure to oil and industrial pollution, simultaneous sharp increase of mutations level in the erythrocytes and downregulation of serotonin-modulating anticonsolidation protein (SMAP; Mekhtiev 2000) in the livers of the sturgeon juveniles (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii persicus) is observed. Mutation level was evaluated by the micronucleus analysis and SMAP level-by the indirect ELISA-test utilizing anti-SMAP immunoglobulins. Intramuscular administration of SMAP leads to significant decrease of micronucleus amount in the erythrocytes of the sturgeon juveniles exposed to sediments polluted with PAH and heavy metals. Pre-conditioning of sazans by low dose of insecticide actara (100 mg/l) leads to upregulation of SMAP and to survival of all the animals in the experimental group, kept under high concentration of actara (400 mg/l), while all animals in the control group succumbed under these conditions. I.m. administration of SMAP prior to putting the sazans into the water containing high levels of actara (400 mg/l), in contrast to controls, leads to their total survival. Participation of serotonergic system in the mechanisms of antimutagenic protection and survival promotion under damaging conditions is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif A Mekhtiev
- Department of Molecular Basis of Integrative Activity, Karaev Institute of Physiology, 78 Sharif-zade St, AZ1100, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Turan N Allahverdiyeva
- Department of Molecular Basis of Integrative Activity, Karaev Institute of Physiology, 78 Sharif-zade St, AZ1100, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Ministry of Agriculture, Azerbaijan State Agrarian University, 262 Ataturk Ave., AZ2000, Ganja, Azerbaijan
| | - Sevda K Movsum-Zadeh
- Department of Molecular Basis of Integrative Activity, Karaev Institute of Physiology, 78 Sharif-zade St, AZ1100, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Karaev Institute of Physiology, 78 Sharif-zade St, AZ1100, Baku, Azerbaijan
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Neuronal Damage Induced by Perinatal Asphyxia Is Attenuated by Postinjury Glutaredoxin-2 Administration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:4162465. [PMID: 28706574 PMCID: PMC5494587 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4162465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The general disruption of redox signaling following an ischemia-reperfusion episode has been proposed as a crucial component in neuronal death and consequently brain damage. Thioredoxin (Trx) family proteins control redox reactions and ensure protein regulation via specific, oxidative posttranslational modifications as part of cellular signaling processes. Trx proteins function in the manifestation, progression, and recovery following hypoxic/ischemic damage. Here, we analyzed the neuroprotective effects of postinjury, exogenous administration of Grx2 and Trx1 in a neonatal hypoxia/ischemia model. P7 Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to right common carotid ligation or sham surgery, followed by an exposure to nitrogen. 1 h later, animals were injected i.p. with saline solution, 10 mg/kg recombinant Grx2 or Trx1, and euthanized 72 h postinjury. Results showed that Grx2 administration, and to some extent Trx1, attenuated part of the neuronal damage associated with a perinatal hypoxic/ischemic damage, such as glutamate excitotoxicity, axonal integrity, and astrogliosis. Moreover, these treatments also prevented some of the consequences of the induced neural injury, such as the delay of neurobehavioral development. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating neuroprotective effects of recombinant Trx proteins on the outcome of neonatal hypoxia/ischemia, implying clinical potential as neuroprotective agents that might counteract neonatal hypoxia/ischemia injury.
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Dalvi PS, Chalmers JA, Luo V, Han DY, Wellhauser L, Liu Y, Tran DQ, Castel J, Luquet S, Wheeler MB, Belsham DD. High fat induces acute and chronic inflammation in the hypothalamus: effect of high-fat diet, palmitate and TNF-α on appetite-regulating NPY neurons. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 41:149-158. [PMID: 27773938 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of dietary fat is one of the key factors leading to obesity. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is characterized by induction of inflammation in the hypothalamus; however, the temporal regulation of proinflammatory markers and their impact on hypothalamic appetite-regulating neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP) neurons remains undefined. METHODS Mice were injected with an acute lipid infusion for 24 h or fed a HFD over 8-20 weeks. Characterized mouse NPY/AgRP hypothalamic cell lines were used for in vitro experimentation. Immunohistochemistry in brain slices or quantitative real-time PCR in cell lines, was performed to determine changes in the expression of key inflammatory markers and neuropeptides. RESULTS Hypothalamic inflammation, indicated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression and astrocytosis in the arcuate nucleus, was evident following acute lipid infusion. HFD for 8 weeks suppressed TNF-α, while significantly increasing heat-shock protein 70 and ciliary neurotrophic factor, both neuroprotective components. HFD for 20 weeks induced TNF-α expression in NPY/AgRP neurons, suggesting a detrimental temporal regulatory mechanism. Using NPY/AgRP hypothalamic cell lines, we found that palmitate provoked a mixed inflammatory response on a panel of inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes, whereas TNF-α significantly upregulated IκBα, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and interleukin-6 mRNA levels. Palmitate and TNF-α exposure predominantly induced NPY mRNA levels. Utilizing an I kappa B kinase β (IKKβ) inhibitor, we demonstrated that these effects potentially occur via the inflammatory IKKβ/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that acute lipid and chronic HFD feeding in vivo, as well as acute palmitate and TNF-α exposure in vitro, induce markers of inflammation or ER stress in the hypothalamic appetite-stimulating NPY/AgRP neurons over time, which may contribute to a dramatic alteration in NPY/AgRP content or expression. Acute and chronic HFD feeding in vivo temporally regulates arcuate TNF-α expression with reactive astrocytosis, which suggests a time-dependent neurotrophic or neurotoxic role of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Dalvi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Chalmers
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Luo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D-Yd Han
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Wellhauser
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Q Tran
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Castel
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - S Luquet
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - M B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Swaroop S, Sengupta N, Suryawanshi AR, Adlakha YK, Basu A. HSP60 plays a regulatory role in IL-1β-induced microglial inflammation via TLR4-p38 MAPK axis. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:27. [PMID: 26838598 PMCID: PMC4736186 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0486-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IL-1β, also known as “the master regulator of inflammation”, is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated microglia in response to pathogenic invasions or neurodegeneration. It initiates a vicious cycle of inflammation and orchestrates various molecular mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation. The role of IL-1β has been extensively studied in neurodegenerative disorders; however, molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation induced by IL-1β are still poorly understood. The objective of our study is the comprehensive identification of molecular circuitry involved in IL-1β-induced inflammation in microglia through protein profiling. Methods To achieve our aim, we performed the proteomic analysis of N9 microglial cells with and without IL-1β treatment at different time points. Expression of HSP60 in response to IL-1β administration was checked by quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Interaction of HSP60 with TLR4 was determined by co-immunoprecipitation. Inhibition of TLR4 was done using TLR4 inhibitor to reveal its effect on IL-1β-induced inflammation. Further, effect of HSP60 knockdown and overexpression were assessed on the inflammation in microglia. Specific MAPK inhibitors were used to reveal the downstream MAPK exclusively involved in HSP60-induced inflammation in microglia. Results Total 21 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in response to IL-1β treatment in N9 microglial cells. In silico analysis of these proteins revealed unfolded protein response as one of the most significant molecular functions, and HSP60 turned out to be a key hub molecule. IL-1β induced the expression as well as secretion of HSP60 in extracellular milieu during inflammation of N9 cells. Secreted HSP60 binds to TLR4 and inhibition of TLR4 suppressed IL-1β-induced inflammation to a significant extent. Our knockdown and overexpression studies demonstrated that HSP60 increases the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs in N9 cells during inflammation. Specific inhibition of p38 by inhibitors suppressed HSP60-induced inflammation, thus pointed towards the major role of p38 MAPK rather than ERK1/2 and JNK in HSP60-induced inflammation. Furthermore, silencing of upstream modulator of p38, i.e., MEK3/6 also reduced HSP60-induced inflammation. Conclusions IL-1β induces expression of HSP60 in N9 microglial cells that further augments inflammation via TLR4-p38 MAPK axis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0486-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Swaroop
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, 122051, India
| | | | | | - Yogita K Adlakha
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, 122051, India.
| | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, 122051, India.
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Valdearcos M, Xu AW, Koliwad SK. Hypothalamic inflammation in the control of metabolic function. Annu Rev Physiol 2015; 77:131-60. [PMID: 25668019 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity leads to devastating and common chronic diseases, fueling ongoing interest in determining new mechanisms underlying both obesity and its consequences. It is now well known that chronic overnutrition produces a unique form of inflammation in peripheral insulin target tissues, and efforts to limit this inflammation have met with some success in preserving insulin sensitivity in obese individuals. Recently, the activation of inflammatory pathways by dietary excess has also been observed among cells located in the mediobasal hypothalamus, a brain area that exerts central control over peripheral glucose, fat, and energy metabolism. Here we review progress in the field of diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation, drawing key distinctions between metabolic inflammation in the hypothalamus and that occurring in peripheral tissues. We focus on specific stimuli of the inflammatory response, the roles of individual hypothalamic cell types, and the links between hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic function under normal and pathophysiological circumstances. Finally, we explore the concept of controlling hypothalamic inflammation to mitigate metabolic disease.
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Fei J, Wang YS, Zhou Q, Gu JD. Cloning and expression analysis of HSP70 gene from mangrove plant Kandelia obovata under cold stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:1677-85. [PMID: 25980488 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), the primary member of the HSPs that play various stress-protective roles in plants. In this study, a hsp70 gene of Kandelia obovata (KoHsp70) was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length of KoHsp70 was 2255 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 118 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 178 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1959 bp. The ORF (KoHSP70) was predicted to encode a polypeptide of 652 amino acids with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 71.40 kDa and a pI of 5.16. The amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the KoHSP70 contained three conserved regions of HSP70 family, a bipartite nuclear localization signal sequences (NLS), an ATP/GTP-binding site motif and a cytoplasmic characteristic motif (EEVD). Homology analysis indicated that KoHSP70 shared 96.0 % identity with the known HSP70 (Gossypium hirsutum). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the KoHSP70 was hydrophilic and had no signal peptide or transmembrane region. The mRNA expression of KoHsp70 kept relatively stable at first and then increased significantly after 48 h cold stress, and reached the highest level at 168 h after cold treatment. The results indicated that the KoHsp70 was a stress-inducible gene that might play a role in cold stress-protective response and in coping with environmental and biological stresses for K. obovata. This study provided a basis to further study the mechanism of anti-adverseness and expression characteristics under stress conditions of K. obovata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - You-Shao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, China.
| | - Qiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Xu X, Xue L, Wang HJ, Chen YT. Effect of duration of electroacupuncture at "Weibing Fang" on transforming growth factor-α and heat shock protein 70 expression in acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:2200-2207. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i14.2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the effect of needle retaining time of electroacupuncture at "Weibing Fang" on the repair of acute gastric mucosal injury in order to explore the optimal needle retaining time and the time-effect relationship.
METHODS: Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: a blank group, a model group, and six electroacupuncture treatment groups with different needle-retaining times. Acute gastric mucosa injury was induced using anhydrous alcohol gavage. Immunohistochemistry assay was used for the detection of gastric mucosal transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression.
RESULTS: The integral optical density of TGF-α expression in the 10-, 15-, 30-min acupuncture groups was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The integral optical density of TGF-α expression in the 15- and 30-min groups were statistically different from that in the other 4 treatment groups (P < 0.05), although there was no significant difference between the 15- and 30-min groups. The integral optical density of HSP70 expression in the acupuncture treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The integral optical density of HSP70 expression in the 30-s, 3-min and 5-min groups was significantly lower that in the 10, 15 and 30-min groups (P < 0.05); HSP70 expression in the 10-min group was significantly lower that in the 15-min and 30-min groups (P < 0.05). Long-duration (15 min and 30 min) acupuncture up-regulated TGF-α and HSP70 expression more significantly compared with other groups.
CONCLUSION: Long-duration acupuncture has better effect on rat gastric mucosal repair, and the mechanism may be related to promoting endogenous protective substance expression.
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Coniferyl aldehyde reduces radiation damage through increased protein stability of heat shock transcriptional factor 1 by phosphorylation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015; 91:807-16. [PMID: 25752395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously screened natural compounds and found that coniferyl aldehyde (CA) was identified as an inducer of HSF1. In this study, we further examined the protective effects of CA against ionizing radiation (IR) in normal cell system. METHODS AND MATERIALS Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests were performed to evaluate expression of HSF1, HSP27, and HSP70 in response to CA. Cell death and cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 were analyzed to determine the protective effects of CA in the presence of IR or taxol. The protective effects of CA were also evaluated using animal models. RESULTS CA increased stability of the HSF1 protein by phosphorylation at Ser326, which was accompanied by increased expression of HSP27 and HSP70. HSF1 phosphorylation at Ser326 by CA was mediated by EKR1/2 activation. Cotreatment of CA with IR or taxol in normal cells induced protective effects with phosphorylation- dependent patterns at Ser326 of HSF1. The decrease in bone marrow (BM) cellularity and increase of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive BM cells by IR were also significantly inhibited by CA in mice (30.6% and 56.0%, respectively). A549 lung orthotopic lung tumor model indicated that CA did not affect the IR-mediated reduction of lung tumor nodules, whereas CA protected normal lung tissues from the therapeutic irradiation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CA may be useful for inducing HSF1 to protect against normal cell damage after IR or chemotherapeutic agents.
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Kacimi R, Yenari MA. Pharmacologic heat shock protein 70 induction confers cytoprotection against inflammation in gliovascular cells. Glia 2015; 63:1200-12. [PMID: 25802219 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of the 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) leads to upregulation of the 70-kDa-inducible HSP70. HSP70 has been previously shown to be neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory. Geldanamycin (GA) and other HSP90 inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic agents in cancer, presumably owing to their ability to upregulate HSP70. However, the effects of HSP90 inhibition in brain inflammation are still unclear. We investigate the effect of a panel of HSP90 inhibitors on endotoxin-activated microglia and eventual protection from brain-derived endothelial cells. Prior studies have shown that GA protects brain cells from oxidative stress. We show here that when astrocytes or microglial BV2 cells were pretreated with GA or other HSP90 inhibitors, endotoxin-induced cell death was reduced in cocultures of BV2 microglia and brain-derived endothelial cells (bEND.3). Endotoxin-stimulated BV2 cells led to increased nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase which was prevented by treatment with all HSP90 inhibitors. HSP90 inhibitors also prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cell death. We also found that HSP90 inhibition blocked nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B and attenuated IκBα degradation, and inhibited LPS-activated JAK-STAT phosphorylation. We show that pharmacologic inhibition of HSP90 with subsequent HSP70 induction protects cells that comprise the cerebral vasculature against cell death owing to proinflammatory stimuli. This approach may have therapeutic potential in neurological conditions with an inflammatory component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Kacimi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco & San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco
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Barbosa-Sampaio HC, Drynda R, Liu B, Rodriguez De Ledesma AM, Malicet C, Iovanna JL, Jones PM, Muller DS, Persaud SJ. Reduced nuclear protein 1 expression improves insulin sensitivity and protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance through up-regulation of heat shock protein 70. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:962-9. [PMID: 25638293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that deletion of the stress-regulated nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1) protected against obesity-associated metabolic alterations due to increased beta cell mass, but complete Nupr1 ablation was not advantageous since it led to insulin resistance on a normal diet. The current study used Nupr1 haplodeficient mice to investigate whether a partial reduction in Nupr1 expression conferred beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. Islet number, morphology and area, assessed by immunofluorescence and morphometric analyses, were not altered in Nupr1 haplodeficient mice under normal diet conditions and nor was beta cell BrdU incorporation. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicated that there were no significant changes in in vivo insulin secretion and glucose clearance in Nupr1 haplodeficient mice, and beta cell function in vitro was normal. However, reduced Nupr1 expression decreased visceral fat deposition and significantly increased insulin sensitivity in vivo. In contrast to wild type animals, high fat diet-fed Nupr1 haplodeficient mice were not hyperinsulinaemic or glucose intolerant, and their sustained insulin sensitivity was demonstrated by appropriate insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation, as determined by Western blotting. At the molecular level, measurements of gene expression levels and promoter activities identified Nupr1-dependent inhibition of heat shock factor-1-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression as a mechanism through which Nupr1 regulates insulin sensitivity. We have shown for the first time that Nupr1 plays a central role in inhibiting Hsp70 expression in tissues regulating glucose homeostasis, and reductions in Nupr1 expression could be used to protect against the metabolic defects associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Barbosa-Sampaio
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - R Drynda
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - B Liu
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - A M Rodriguez De Ledesma
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - C Malicet
- INSERM U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Case 915, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - J L Iovanna
- INSERM U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Case 915, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - P M Jones
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - D S Muller
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - S J Persaud
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
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Positive or negative involvement of heat shock proteins in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: an overview. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2015; 73:1092-106. [PMID: 25383635 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most diffuse chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Both immune-mediated and neurodegenerative processes apparently play roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of highly evolutionarily conserved proteins; their expression in the nervous system is induced in a variety of pathologic states, including cerebral ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and trauma. To date, investigators have observed protective effects of HSPs in a variety of brain disease models (e.g. of Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease). In contrast, unequivocal data have been obtained for their roles in MS that depend on the HSP family and particularly on their localization (i.e. intracellular or extracellular). This article reviews our current understanding of the involvement of the principal HSP families in MS.
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Valdearcos M, Robblee MM, Benjamin DI, Nomura DK, Xu AW, Koliwad SK. Microglia dictate the impact of saturated fat consumption on hypothalamic inflammation and neuronal function. Cell Rep 2014; 9:2124-38. [PMID: 25497089 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in saturated fat produce inflammation, gliosis, and neuronal stress in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). Here, we show that microglia mediate this process and its functional impact. Although microglia and astrocytes accumulate in the MBH of mice fed a diet rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), only the microglia undergo inflammatory activation, along with a buildup of hypothalamic SFAs. Enteric gavage specifically with SFAs reproduces microglial activation and neuronal stress in the MBH, and SFA treatment activates murine microglia, but not astrocytes, in culture. Moreover, depleting microglia abrogates SFA-induced inflammation in hypothalamic slices. Remarkably, depleting microglia from the MBH of mice abolishes inflammation and neuronal stress induced by excess SFA consumption, and in this context, microglial depletion enhances leptin signaling and reduces food intake. We thus show that microglia sense SFAs and orchestrate an inflammatory process in the MBH that alters neuronal function when SFA consumption is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Valdearcos
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Megan M Robblee
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Allison W Xu
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Suneil K Koliwad
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Kim N, Kim JY, Yenari MA. Pharmacological induction of the 70-kDa heat shock protein protects against brain injury. Neuroscience 2014; 284:912-919. [PMID: 25446362 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) is known to protect the brain from injury through multiple mechanisms. We investigated the effect of pharmacological HSP70 induction in experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). 3-month-old male C57/B6 mice were given 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) intraperitoneally (IP, 2 mg/kg) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV, 1 μg/kg) to determine whether HSP70 could be induced in the brain. Mice were subjected to TBI via cortical controlled impact, and were treated with 17-AAG (or vehicle) IP according to one of two treatment regimens: (1) 2 mg/kg at the time of injury, (2) a total of three doses (4 mg/kg) at 2 and 1d prior to TBI and again at the time of injury. Brains were assessed for HSP70 induction, hemorrhage volume at 3 d, and lesion size at 14 d post-injury. Immunohistochemistry showed that both IP and ICV administration of 17-AAG increased HSP70 expression primarily in microglia and in a few neurons by 24 h but not in astrocytes. 17-AAG induced HSP70 in injured brain tissue as early as 6 h, peaking at 48 h and largely subsiding by 72 h after IP injection. Both treatment groups showed decreased hemorrhage volume relative to untreated mice as well as improved neurobehavioral outcomes. These observations indicate that pharmacologic HSP70 induction may prove to be a promising treatment for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | - M A Yenari
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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Heat shock protein 90 in Alzheimer's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:796869. [PMID: 25374890 PMCID: PMC4211323 DOI: 10.1155/2014/796869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the first most common neurodegenerative disease. Despite a large amount of research, the pathogenetic mechanism of AD has not yet been clarified. The two hallmarks of the pathology of AD are the extracellular senile plaques (SPs) of aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and the accumulation of the intracellular microtubule-associated protein tau into fibrillar aggregates. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a key role in preventing protein misfolding and aggregation, and Hsp90 can be viewed as a ubiquitous molecular chaperone potentially involved in AD pathogenesis. A role of Hsp90 regulates the activity of the transcription factor heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1), the master regulator of the heat shock response. In AD, Hsp90 inhibitors may redirect neuronal aggregate formation, and protect against protein toxicity by activation of HSF-1 and the subsequent induction of heat shock proteins, such as Hsp70. Therefore, we review here to further discuss the recent advances and challenges in targeting Hsp90 for AD therapy.
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Joerk A, Seidel RA, Walter SG, Wiegand A, Kahnes M, Klopfleisch M, Kirmse K, Pohnert G, Westerhausen M, Witte OW, Holthoff K. Impact of heme and heme degradation products on vascular diameter in mouse visual cortex. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:jah3660. [PMID: 25169792 PMCID: PMC4310418 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed cerebral vasospasm is the most common cause of mortality and severe neurological impairment in patients who survive subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite improvements in the field of diagnostic imaging, options for prevention and medical treatment-primarily with the calcium channel antagonist nimodipine or hemodynamic manipulations-are insufficient. Previous studies have suggested that heme and bilirubin oxidation end products, originating from degraded hemoglobin around ruptured blood vessels, are involved in the development of vasospasm by inhibiting large conductance BKC a potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we identify individual heme degradation products regulating arteriolar diameter in dependence of BKC a channel activity. METHODS AND RESULTS Using differential interference contrast video microscopy in acute brain slices, we determined diameter changes of intracerebral arterioles in mouse visual cortex. In preconstricted vessels, the specific BKC a channel blockers paxilline and iberiotoxin as well as iron-containing hemin caused vasoconstriction. In addition, the bilirubin oxidation end product Z-BOX A showed a stronger vasoconstrictive potency than its regio-isomer Z-BOX B. Importantly, Z-BOX A had the same vasoconstrictive effect, independent of its origin from oxidative degradation or chemical synthesis. Finally, in slices of Slo1-deficient knockout mice, paxilline and Z-BOX A remained ineffective in changing arteriole diameter. CONCLUSIONS We identified individual components of the oxidative bilirubin degradation that led to vasoconstriction of cerebral arterioles. The vasoconstrictive effect of Z-BOX A and Z-BOX B was mediated by BKC a channel activity that might represent a signaling pathway in the occurrence of delayed cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Joerk
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
| | - Raphael Andreas Seidel
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich‐Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S., M.K., M.K., G.P., M.W.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine/Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S.)
| | - Sebastian Gottfried Walter
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
| | - Anne Wiegand
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
| | - Marcel Kahnes
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich‐Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S., M.K., M.K., G.P., M.W.)
| | - Maurice Klopfleisch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich‐Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S., M.K., M.K., G.P., M.W.)
| | - Knut Kirmse
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich‐Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S., M.K., M.K., G.P., M.W.)
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich‐Schiller University, Jena, Germany (R.A.S., M.K., M.K., G.P., M.W.)
| | - Otto Wilhelm Witte
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
| | - Knut Holthoff
- Hans‐Berger Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany (A.J., S.G.W., A.W., K.K., O.W.W., K.H.)
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Bruchim Y, Aroch I, Eliav A, Abbas A, Frank I, Kelmer E, Codner C, Segev G, Epstein Y, Horowitz M. Two years of combined high-intensity physical training and heat acclimatization affect lymphocyte and serum HSP70 in purebred military working dogs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:112-8. [PMID: 24903923 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00090.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Military working dogs in hot countries undergo exercise training at high ambient temperatures for at least 9 mo annually. Physiological adaptations to these harsh conditions have been extensively studied; however, studies focusing on the underlying molecular adaptations are limited. In the current study, military working dogs were chosen as a model to examine the effects of superimposing endurance exercise on seasonal acclimatization to environmental heat stress. The lymphocyte HSP70 profile and extracellular HSP70 were studied in tandem with physiological performance in the dogs from their recruitment for the following 2 yr. Aerobic power and heat shock proteins were measured at the end of each summer, with physical performance tests (PPTs) in an acclimatized room (22°C). The study shows that together with a profound enhancement of aerobic power and physical performance, hsp72 mRNA induction immediately post-PPT and 45 min later, progressively increased throughout the study period (relative change in median lymphocyte hsp72 mRNA first PPT, 4.22 and 12.82; second PPT, 17.19 and 109.05, respectively), whereas induction of HSP72 protein was stable. These responses suggest that cellular/molecular adaptive tools for maintaining HSP72 homeostasis exist. There was also a significant rise in basal and peak median optical density extracellular HSP at the end of each exercise test (first PPT, 0.13 and 0.15; second PPT, 1.04 and 1.52, respectively). The relationship between these enhancements and improved aerobic power capacity is not yet fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Bruchim
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem;
| | - Itamar Aroch
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Ady Eliav
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Atallah Abbas
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Ilan Frank
- Israel Defense Force Military Working Dog Unit
| | - Efrat Kelmer
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Carolina Codner
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Gilad Segev
- The Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Yoram Epstein
- Heller Institute of Medical Research, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, and Tel-Aviv University Medical School, Israel; and
| | - Michal Horowitz
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
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Noelker C, Morel L, Osterloh A, Alvarez-Fischer D, Lescot T, Breloer M, Gold M, Oertel WH, Henze C, Michel PP, Dodel RC, Lu L, Hirsch EC, Hunot S, Hartmann A. Heat shock protein 60: an endogenous inducer of dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson disease. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:86. [PMID: 24886419 PMCID: PMC4018945 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation associated with microglial cell activation in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is not only a consequence of neuronal degeneration, but may actively sustain dopaminergic (DA) cell loss over time. We aimed to study whether the intracellular chaperone heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) could serve as a signal of CNS injury for activation of microglial cells. METHODS Hsp60 mRNA expression in the mesencephalon and the striatum of C57/BL6 mice treated with MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) and the Hsp60/TH mRNA ratios in the SN of PD patients and aged-matched subjects were measured. To further investigate a possible link between the neuronal Hsp60 response and PD-related cellular stress, Hsp60 immunoblot analysis and quantification in cell lysates from SH-SY5Y after treatment with 100 μM MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) at different time points (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) compared to control cells were performed. Additional MTT and LDH assay were used. We next addressed the question as to whether Hsp60 influences the survival of TH+ neurons in mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures treated either with MPP+ (1 μM), hHsp60 (10 μg/ml) or a combination of both. Finally, we measured IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NO-release by ELISA in primary microglial cell cultures following treatment with different hHsp60 preparations. Control cultures were exposed to LPS. RESULTS In the mesencephalon and striatum of mice treated with MPTP and also in the SN of PD patients, we found that Hsp60 mRNA was up-regulated. MPP+, the active metabolite of MPTP, also caused an increased expression and release of Hsp60 in the human dopaminergic cell line SH-SY5Y. Interestingly, in addition to being toxic to DA neurons in primary mesencephalic cultures, exogenous Hsp60 aggravated the effects of MPP+. Yet, although we demonstrated that Hsp60 specifically binds to microglial cells, it failed to stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines or NO by these cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data suggest that Hsp60 is likely to participate in DA cell death in PD but via a mechanism unrelated to cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stéphane Hunot
- CR-ICM, INSERM UMR_S1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 UMR_S1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France.
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Neuroprotective effects of compound FLZ in an ischemic model mediated by improving cerebral blood flow and enhancing Hsp27 expression. Brain Res 2014; 1644:288-95. [PMID: 24675028 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Compound FLZ is a synthetic novel derivate of natural squamosamide, which has potent neuroprotective effects based on our previous study. We are now aiming to investigate the effects of FLZ on cerebral blood flow (CBF), infarct volume, neurological function, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and Hsp27 expression in transient focal ischemia. For this goal, an animal model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2h followed by reperfusion was used, and animals received low or high doses of FLZ (150 or 300mg/kg), orally 10min after MCAO onset. The results show that the infarct volume was 32.7% for the vehicle control group, and reduced to 17.6 and 12.8% for the low and high dose FLZ-treated groups, respectively. FLZ treatment also significantly improved the neurobehavioral score from 2.6 in the vehicle control group to 1.0 and 0.9 in the low and high dose groups, respectively. Further, FLZ significantly induced Hsp27 over-expression and reduced over-expression of HSP70, a sensitive marker of acute ischemia, in ipsilateral cortex by a dose-dependent manner. In addition, CBF was quantified using laser-Doppler flowmetry. During ischemia, regional CBF (rCBF) was improved from approximately 30% to over 50% of the baseline and the reperfusion-induced hyperemia was reduced in both FLZ dosage groups. Particularly, high dose FLZ reduced rCBF during hyperemia by 30%. In conclusion, FLZ (150 and 300mg/kg) can significantly reduce the infarct volume and improve neurobehavioral deficits in a rat MCAO model, most likely through improving CBF in the penumbra and enhancing Hsp27 expression.
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Tremoen NH, Fowler PA, Ropstad E, Verhaegen S, Krogenæs A. Exposure to the three structurally different PCB congeners (PCB 118, 153, and 126) results in decreased protein expression and altered steroidogenesis in the human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line H295R. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:516-534. [PMID: 24754389 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.886985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), synthetic, persistent organic pollutants (POP), are detected ubiquitously, in water, soil, air, and sediments, as well as in animals and humans. PCB are associated with range of adverse health effects, such as interference with the immune system and nervous system, reproductive abnormalities, fetotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and endocrine disruption. Our objective was to determine the effects of three structurally different PCB congeners, PCB118, PCB 126, and PCB 153, each at two concentrations, on the steroidogenic capacity and proteome of human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line cultures (H295R) . After 48 h of exposure, cell viability was monitored and estradiol, testosterone, cortisol and progesterone secretion measured to quantify steroidogenic capacity of the cells. Two-dimensional (2D) gel-based proteomics was used to screen for proteome alterations in H295R cells in response to the PCB. Exposure to PCB 118 increased estradiol and cortisol secretion, while exposure to PCB 153 elevated estradiol secretion. PCB 126 was the most potent congener, increasing estradiol, cortisol, and progesterone secretion in exposed H295R cells. Seventy-three of the 711 spots analyzed showed a significant difference in normalized spot volumes between controls (vehicle only) and at least one exposure group. Fourteen of these protein spots were identified by liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Exposure to three PCB congeners with different chemical structure perturbed steroidogenesis and protein expression in the H295R in vitro model. This study represents an initial analysis of the effects on proteins and hormones in the H295R cell model, and additional studies are required in order to obtain a more complete understanding of the pathways disturbed by PCB congeners in H295R cells. Overall, alterations in protein regulation and steroid hormone synthesis suggest that exposure to PCB disturbs several cellular processes, including protein synthesis, stress response, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hårdnes Tremoen
- a Department of Production Animal Sciences , Norwegian School Veterinary Science , Oslo
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44
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Balfoussia E, Skenderi K, Tsironi M, Anagnostopoulos AK, Parthimos N, Vougas K, Papassotiriou I, Tsangaris GT, Chrousos GP. A proteomic study of plasma protein changes under extreme physical stress. J Proteomics 2013; 98:1-14. [PMID: 24345577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Spartathlon race (brisk walking a distance of 246km in less than 36h) was employed as a model of severe physical stress to investigate proteomic alterations in the plasma of athletes at the start (Athens) and finish (Sparta) of the race, as well as 48h after the race (Post). The athletes' plasma was analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and the differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). The ProteoSeek™ Albumin/IgG removal kit and the ProteoMiner™ enrichment kit were utilized to detect medium- and low-abundance proteins, whose expression may be masked due to high-abundance proteins. Our results were confirmed by Western blot and biochemical analyses. Overall fifty-two proteins were differentially expressed between the starting point, the finishing line and two days after the end of the race. Of these, thirty proteins were involved in inflammation, while the rest concerned anti-oxidation, anti-coagulation and iron and vitamin D transport. These results indicate that prolonged physical stress affects circulating stress-related proteins, which might be employed as biomarkers of stress-related diseases. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The current study employed the Spartathlon, as a model of prolonged endurance exercise, to identify and isolate putative biomarkers of inflammation under extreme physical stress conditions. These protein quantitative variations may pave the way to exploration and understanding of stress-related physiological processes, the stress response itself and diseases whose onset appears to be linked to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edily Balfoussia
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Skenderi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, "Harokopio" University, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsironi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Peloponnesus, School of Nursing, Sparta, Greece
| | - Athanasios K Anagnostopoulos
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Parthimos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostantinos Vougas
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papassotiriou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Th Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - George P Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Yu K, Wu Y, Hu Y, Zhang Q, Xie H, Liu G, Chen Y, Guo Z, Jia J. Prior exposure to enriched environment reduces nitric oxide synthase after transient MCAO in rats. Neurotoxicology 2013; 39:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Hyperthermia stress activates heat shock protein expression via propyl isomerase 1 regulation with heat shock factor 1. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:4889-99. [PMID: 24126052 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00475-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are members of the chaperone family of proteins, are essential factors for cellular responses to environmental stressors, such as hyperthermia, and are antiapoptotic. The transcription of HSPs is mainly controlled by heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). In response to environmental stress, HSF1 forms a trimer, undergoes hyperphosphorylation, and is translocated to the nucleus. In this study, we show that upon heat shock treatment of cells, a WW domain-containing propyl-isomerase, PIN1, is able to colocalize to and associate with phospho-HSF1 at Ser(326) in the nucleus via its WW domain. This interaction is required for the DNA-binding activity of HSF1 and is consistent with the lower induction of HSPs in PIN1-deficient cells. This function of PIN1 is further demonstrated by in vivo refolding and survival assays, which have shown that PIN1-deficient cells are temperature sensitive and develop apoptosis upon exposure to an environmental challenge. Moreover, the reduced levels of HSPs in PIN1-deficient cells resulted in less efficient refolding of denatured proteins. Based on our results, we propose a novel role for PIN1 whereby it acts as a stress sensor regulating HSF1 activity in response to stress on multiple levels through the transcriptional activation of stress response elements in embryonic fibroblast cells, tumor cells, and neurons.
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Rohde MC, Corydon TJ, Hansen J, Pedersen CB, Schmidt SP, Gregersen N, Banner J. Heat stress and sudden infant death syndrome--stress gene expression after exposure to moderate heat stress. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 232:16-24. [PMID: 24053860 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate stress gene expression in cultured primary fibroblasts established from Achilles tendons collected during autopsies from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases, and age-matched controls (infants dying in a traumatic event). Expression of 4 stress responsive genes, HSPA1B, HSPD1, HMOX1, and SOD2, was studied by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of RNA purified from cells cultured under standard or various thermal stress conditions. The expression of all 4 genes was highly influenced by thermal stress in both SIDS and control cells. High interpersonal variance found in the SIDS group indicated that they represented a more heterogeneous group than controls. The SIDS group responded to thermal stress with a higher expression of the HSPA1B and HSPD1 genes compared to the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed in the expression of SOD2 and HMOX1 between the two groups. The differences were related to the heat shock treatment as none of the genes were expressed significantly different in SIDS at base levels at 37 °C. SOD2 and HMOX1 were up regulated in both groups, for SOD2 though the expression was lower in SIDS at all time points measured, and may be less related to heat stress. Being found dead in the prone position (a known risk factor for SIDS) was related to a lower HSPA1B up-regulation in SIDS compared to SIDS found on their side or back. The study demonstrates the potential usefulness of gene expression studies using cultured fibroblasts established from deceased individuals as a tool for molecular and pathological investigations in forensic and biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Cathrine Rohde
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Pathology, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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48
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LIU HAITAO, HOU FENG, LIANG HAIYING, LIU GUOCHENG, LI YUNFEI. Effects of diagnostic ultrasound on HSP70 expression in chorionic villi in rats during early pregnancy and the role of HSP70 in apoptosis in chorionic villi. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:1085-92. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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DeGracia DJ, Kreipke CW, Kayali FM, Rafols JA. Brain endothelial HSP-70 stress response coincides with endothelial and pericyte death after brain trauma. Neurol Res 2013; 29:356-61. [PMID: 17626730 DOI: 10.1179/016164107x204666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to characterize the heat shock response (HSR) in a model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to determine the association of HSR to cell death. METHODS We used immunofluorescent detection of HSP-70 to characterize HSR and TUNEL labeling to determine the pattern of cell death. RESULTS HSP-70 immunofluorescence revealed a steady increase from 4 to 48 hours following TBI, culminating in a ubiquitous expression with the capillary bed 48 hours post-TBI. TUNEL labeling revealed a small subset of endothelial cell death and a most robust staining of putative pericyte cell death. DISCUSSION Our results show that while injury causes a detectable stress response, cell death is not a direct consequence of the HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J DeGracia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Kim JY, Kim N, Zheng Z, Lee JE, Yenari MA. The 70 kDa heat shock protein protects against experimental traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 58:289-95. [PMID: 23816752 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) leading to hemorrhage which can complicate an already catastrophic illness. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix may lead to brain hemorrhage. We explore the contribution of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) to outcome and brain hemorrhage in a model of TBI. Male, wildtype (Wt), Hsp70 knockout (Ko) and transgenic (Tg) mice were subjected to TBI using controlled cortical impact (CCI). Motor function, brain hemorrhage and lesion size were assessed at 3, 7 and 14 days. Brains were evaluated for the effects of Hsp70 on MMPs. In Hsp70 Tg mice, CCI led to smaller brain lesions, decreased hemorrhage and reduced expression and activation of MMPs compared to Wt. CCI also significantly decreased right-biased swings and corner turns in the Hsp70 Tg mice. Conversely, Hsp70 Ko mice had significantly increased lesion size, worsened brain hemorrhage and increased expression and activation of MMPs with worsened behavioral outcomes compared to Wt. Hsp70 is protective in experimental TBI. To our knowledge, this is the direct demonstration of brain protection by Hsp70 in a TBI model. Our data demonstrate a new mechanism linking TBI-induced hemorrhage and neuronal injury to the suppression of MMPs by Hsp70, and support the development of Hsp70 enhancing strategies for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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