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A chemo-enzymatic transformation of linalyl acetate to estragole, a phenyl propanoid ether using recombinant esterase in acetone reaction system. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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2
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Calderini E, Drienovská I, Myrtollari K, Pressnig M, Sieber V, Schwab H, Hofer M, Kourist R. Simple Plug-In Synthetic Step for the Synthesis of (-)-Camphor from Renewable Starting Materials. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2951-2956. [PMID: 34033201 PMCID: PMC8596451 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Racemic camphor and isoborneol are readily available as industrial side products, whereas (1R)-camphor is available from natural sources. Optically pure (1S)-camphor, however, is much more difficult to obtain. The synthesis of racemic camphor from α-pinene proceeds via an intermediary racemic isobornyl ester, which is then hydrolyzed and oxidized to give camphor. We reasoned that enantioselective hydrolysis of isobornyl esters would give facile access to optically pure isoborneol and camphor isomers, respectively. While screening of a set of commercial lipases and esterases in the kinetic resolution of racemic monoterpenols did not lead to the identification of any enantioselective enzymes, the cephalosporin Esterase B from Burkholderia gladioli (EstB) and Esterase C (EstC) from Rhodococcus rhodochrous showed outstanding enantioselectivity (E>100) towards the butyryl esters of isoborneol, borneol and fenchol. The enantioselectivity was higher with increasing chain length of the acyl moiety of the substrate. The kinetic resolution of isobornyl butyrate can be easily integrated into the production of camphor from α-pinene and thus allows the facile synthesis of optically pure monoterpenols from a renewable side-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Calderini
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | - Ivana Drienovská
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | - Kamela Myrtollari
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaAAdhesive Research/BioconjugatesHenkelstr. 6740191DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Michaela Pressnig
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chemistry of Biogenic ResourcesTechnical University of MunichSchulgasse 1694315StraubingGermany
- Bio, Electro and Chemocatalysis BioCatFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and BiotechnologySchulgasse 11a94315StraubingGermany
| | - Helmut Schwab
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | - Michael Hofer
- Bio, Electro and Chemocatalysis BioCatFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and BiotechnologySchulgasse 11a94315StraubingGermany
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
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Gruber S, Hagen J, Schwab H, Koefinger P. Reprint of “Versatile and stable vectors for efficient gene expression in Ralstonia eutropha H16”. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt B:410-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tozakidis IE, Sichwart S, Teese MG, Jose J. Autotransporter mediated esterase display on Zymomonas mobilis and Zymobacter palmae. J Biotechnol 2014; 191:228-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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5
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Gruber S, Hagen J, Schwab H, Koefinger P. Versatile and stable vectors for efficient gene expression in Ralstonia eutropha H16. J Biotechnol 2014; 186:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Fillat A, Romea P, Urpí F, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Improving enantioselectivity towards tertiary alcohols using mutants of Bacillus sp. BP-7 esterase EstBP7 holding a rare GGG(X)-oxyanion hole. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4479-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oh KH, Nguyen GS, Kim EY, Kourist R, Bornscheuer U, Oh TK, Yoon JH. Characterization of a novel esterase isolated from intertidal flat metagenome and its tertiary alcohols synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Identification of novel esterases for the synthesis of sterically demanding chiral alcohols by sequence-structure guided genome mining. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Angeles-López G, Pérez-Vásquez A, Hernández-Luis F, Déciga-Campos M, Bye R, Linares E, Mata R. Antinociceptive effect of extracts and compounds from Hofmeisteria schaffneri. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 131:425-432. [PMID: 20633627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hofmeisteria schaffneri (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant widely commercialized in the most important Markets of Mexico City for the treatment of gastro-intestinal complaints and skin afflictions. AIM OF THE STUDY The main goals of this study were to establish the potential acute toxicity and the antinociceptive activity in animal models of several preparations and compounds from Hofmeisteria schaffneri. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aqueous and organic extracts as well as the essential oil of Hofmeisteria schaffneri were prepared by infusion, maceration and hydrodistillation, respectively. Investigation of the acute toxicity was accomplished by the Lorke method. The antinociceptive effect was assessed using the writhing and the hot plate tests. Natural compounds were isolated by standard phytochemical procedures. In addition, a few thymol esters were prepared by chemical synthesis. The stability of natural and synthetic esters was qualitatively analyzed by measuring their susceptibility to hydrolysis by pig liver estearase and mouse plasma at 37 degrees C. RESULTS The LD(50) for each preparation tested was higher than 5000 mg/kg revealing that they were not toxic to mice after exposure for short space of time. On the other hand, the extracts showed significant antinociceptive effect when tested in the hot plate model. The most active natural product as antinociceptive agent was hofmeisterin III (1) which also was the most stable in the stability study. Its pharmacological effect seems to be partially mediated by an opioid mechanism since naloxone inhibits its action. Using compound 1 as a lead molecule, several synthetic thymol esters were prepared and only compounds 13, 15 and 17 were antinoceptive at the dose of 1 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS The present investigation provided evidence of the efficacy of several preparations of Hofmeisteria schaffneri as antinociceptive agents. The most active preparation was the essential oil which contained large amount of hofmeisterin III (1) and other thymol derivatives. Some novel synthetic analogs of hofmeisterin III with antinociceptive properties were discovered. The nature of the ester chain of these analogs did not have a clear impact on the antinociceptive activity. The phyto-preparations analyzed in this study were not toxic to mice according to the Lorke's test; therefore considering their long term use of the plant they might be secure for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Angeles-López
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, DF, Mexico
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Gall M, Kourist R, Schmidt M, Bornscheuer UT. The role of the GGGX motif in determining the activity and enantioselectivity of pig liver esterase towards tertiary alcohols. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/10242421003753803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Hoeller BM, Reiter B, Abad S, Graze I, Glieder A. Random tag insertions by Transposon Integration mediated Mutagenesis (TIM). J Microbiol Methods 2008; 75:251-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Kourist R, Domínguez de María P, Bornscheuer UT. Enzymatic Synthesis of Optically Active Tertiary Alcohols: Expanding the Biocatalysis Toolbox. Chembiochem 2008; 9:491-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Powilleit F, Breinig T, Schmitt MJ. Exploiting the yeast L-A viral capsid for the in vivo assembly of chimeric VLPs as platform in vaccine development and foreign protein expression. PLoS One 2007; 2:e415. [PMID: 17476337 PMCID: PMC1853235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel expression system based on engineered variants of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dsRNA virus L-A was developed allowing the in vivo assembly of chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs) as a unique platform for a wide range of applications. We show that polypeptides fused to the viral capsid protein Gag self-assemble into isometric VLP chimeras carrying their cargo inside the capsid, thereby not only effectively preventing proteolytic degradation in the host cell cytosol, but also allowing the expression of a per se cytotoxic protein. Carboxyterminal extension of Gag by T cell epitopes from human cytomegalovirus pp65 resulted in the formation of hybrid VLPs that strongly activated antigen-specific CD8+ memory T cells ex vivo. Besides being a carrier for polypeptides inducing antigen-specific immune responses in vivo, VLP chimeras were also shown to be effective in the expression and purification of (i) a heterologous model protein (GFP), (ii) a per se toxic protein (K28 α-subunit), and (iii) a particle-associated and fully recyclable biotechnologically relevant enzyme (esterase A). Thus, yeast viral Gag represents a unique platform for the in vivo assembly of chimeric VLPs, equally attractive and useful in vaccine development and recombinant protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Powilleit
- Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tanja Breinig
- Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Institut für Virologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Manfred J. Schmitt
- Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Breinig F, Diehl B, Rau S, Zimmer C, Schwab H, Schmitt MJ. Cell surface expression of bacterial esterase A by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its enhancement by constitutive activation of the cellular unfolded protein response. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:7140-7. [PMID: 16980424 PMCID: PMC1636145 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00503-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast cell surface display is a powerful tool for expression and immobilization of biocatalytically active proteins on a unicellular eukaryote. Here bacterial carboxylesterase EstA from Burkholderia gladioli was covalently anchored into the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by in-frame fusion to the endogenous yeast proteins Kre1p, Cwp2p, and Flo1p. When p-nitrophenyl acetate was used as a substrate, the esterase specific activities of yeast expressing the protein fusions were 103 mU mg(-1) protein for Kre1/EstA/Cwp2p and 72 mU mg(-1) protein for Kre1/EstA/Flo1p. In vivo cell wall targeting was confirmed by esterase solubilization after laminarinase treatment and immunofluorescence microscopy. EstA expression resulted in cell wall-associated esterase activities of 2.72 U mg(-1) protein for Kre1/EstA/Cwp2p and 1.27 U mg(-1) protein for Kre1/EstA/Flo1p. Furthermore, esterase display on the yeast cell surface enabled the cells to effectively grow on the esterase-dependent carbon source glycerol triacetate (Triacetin). In the case of Kre1/EstA/Flo1p, in vivo maturation within the yeast secretory pathway and final incorporation into the wall were further enhanced when there was constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response pathway. Our results demonstrate that esterase cell surface display in yeast, which, as shown here, is remarkably more effective than EstA surface display in Escherichia coli, can be further optimized by activating the protein folding machinery in the eukaryotic secretion pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Breinig
- Angewandte Molekularbiologie, FR 8.3, Gebäude A1 5, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Dihedral angle restriction within a peptide-based tertiary alcohol kinetic resolution catalyst. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Henke E, Bornscheuer UT, Schmid RD, Pleiss J. A molecular mechanism of enantiorecognition of tertiary alcohols by carboxylesterases. Chembiochem 2003; 4:485-93. [PMID: 12794858 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200200518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases containing the sequence motif GGGX catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of chiral tertiary alcohols, albeit with only low to moderate enantioselectivity, for three model substrates (linalyl acetate, methyl-1-pentin-1-yl acetate, 2-phenyl-3-butin-2-yl acetate). In order to understand the molecular mechanism of enantiorecognition and to improve enantioselectivity for this interesting substrate class, the interaction of both enantiomers with the substrate binding sites of acetylcholinesterases and p-nitrobenzyl esterase from Bacillus subtilis was modeled and correlated to experimental enantioselectivity. For all substrate-enzyme pairs, enantiopreference and ranking by enantioselectivity could be predicted by the model. In p-nitrobenzyl esterase, one of the key residues in determining enantioselectivity was G105: exchange of this amino acid for an alanine residue led to a sixfold increase of enantioselectivity (E = 19) towards 2-phenyl-3-butin-2-yl acetate. However, the effect of this mutation is specific: the same mutant had the opposite enantiopreference towards the substrate linalyl acetate. Thus, depending on the substrate structure, the same mutant has either increased enantioselectivity or opposite enantiopreference compared to the wild-type enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Henke
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry University of Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Talker-Huiber D, Jose J, Glieder A, Pressnig M, Stubenrauch G, Schwab H. Esterase EstE from Xanthomonas vesicatoria ( Xv_EstE) is an outer membrane protein capable of hydrolyzing long-chain polar esters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2003; 61:479-87. [PMID: 12764562 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-003-1227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2002] [Revised: 12/02/2002] [Accepted: 12/06/2002] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new esterase gene from Xanthomonas vesicatoria (formerly X. campestris) DSM 50861 was identified, cloned from a chromosomal gene library and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The corresponding DNA fragment contains an ORF of 1,818 bp, encoding a hydrolase of the GDSL esterase family. A protein of about 67 kDa, named Xv_EstE, was expressed from this fragment. A N-terminal signal peptide was processed under low-expression conditions, yielding a 63-kDa mature protein. The predicted amino acid sequence showed distinct homology to esterases of the GDSL family. Based on homology, a catalytic triad Gly-Asp-Ser could be defined. Amino acid sequence alignments and computer-assisted structure prediction indicated the presence of a carboxyl-terminal beta-barrel membrane domain which might facilitate binding of Xv_EstE to the outer membrane. This could be verified by differential cell fractionation experiments, in which Xv_EstE was exclusively found in the outer membrane fraction. Xv_EstE showed preferential hydrolytic activity on short chain (up to C(8)) and para-substituted nitrophenylesters as substrates. However, only long-chain 1-hydroxy-pyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid (HPTS)-fatty acid esters were hydrolyzed. Xv_EstE was also found to be active on a series of substrates of industrial interest, such as 1-methylprop-2-ynyl acetate, for which an enantioselectivity up to 93% ee could be recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Talker-Huiber
- Institut für Biotechnologie, Arbeitsgruppe Genetik, Technische Universitaet Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Cloning, expression and characterization of a new 2-Cl-propionic acid ester hydrolase from B. subtilis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(02)00173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Hari Krishna S, Persson M, Bornscheuer UT. Enantioselective transesterification of a tertiary alcohol by lipase A from Candida antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00739-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Henke E, Pleiss J, Bornscheuer UT. Activity of lipases and esterases towards tertiary alcohols: insights into structure-function relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:3211-3. [PMID: 12207392 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020902)41:17<3211::aid-anie3211>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Henke
- Institute of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Technical Chemistry & Biotechnology, Greifswald University, Soldmannstr. 16, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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21
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Henke E, Pleiss J, Bornscheuer UT. Aktivit��t von Lipasen und Esterasen gegen��ber terti��ren Alkoholen: neue Einblicke in Struktur-Funktions-Beziehungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020902)114:17<3338::aid-ange3338>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pedroni P, Friedrich T, Breuer M, McBeth D, Hauer B. Novel esterase activity of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase AcoC of Pseudomonas putida identified by mutation of the acoR regulator. CAN J CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/v02-080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A mutant strain of Pseudomonas putida (LU2201) expressing a novel ethylphenylacetate (EPA) esterase was isolated after mutagenesis of P. putida LU6456. The DNA fragment conferring the EPA+ phenotype was cloned and characterized. It included the structural genes of the 2,3-butanediol catabolic pathway, including acoC, which catalyzes the acetyl transfer step (i.e., dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase). The acoC gene product from LU2201 was expressed in E. coli and shown to be responsible for the novel EPA-esterase activity. Biochemical characterization revealed that the enzyme still retained the natural dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase activity. Sequence comparison with the corresponding wild-type gene indicated a single-base pair change leading to a I238V replacement in the respective protein. Biochemical characterization of wild-type AcoC enzyme showed that it too was able to catalyze EPA hydrolysis despite the apparent absence of this activity in cells grown in the presence of EPA. Unlike the wild type, EPA serves as an inducer in the mutant strain. Inverse PCR was used to clone the putative regulator acoR from the aco operon in both wild type and mutant strains. Sequence analyses indicated an S14R exchange in the AcoR from the P. putida mutant. This mutation was located in the N-terminal region responsible for regulatory functions, presumably by interaction with signal molecules. This may account for the ability of EPA to induce expression of acoC only in the mutant strain.Key words: Pseudomonas putida, ethylphenylacetate esterase, acetoin cleaving system, acoC gene, dihydrolipoamide acetyl-transferase, E2 component, acoR gene.
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Wagner UG, Petersen EI, Schwab H, Kratky C. EstB from Burkholderia gladioli: a novel esterase with a beta-lactamase fold reveals steric factors to discriminate between esterolytic and beta-lactam cleaving activity. Protein Sci 2002; 11:467-78. [PMID: 11847270 PMCID: PMC2373480 DOI: 10.1110/ps.33002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Esterases form a diverse class of enzymes of largely unknown physiological role. Because many drugs and pesticides carry ester functions, the hydrolysis of such compounds forms at least one potential biological function. Carboxylesterases catalyze the hydrolysis of short chain aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic ester compounds. Esterases, D-alanyl-D-alanine-peptidases (DD-peptidases) and beta-lactamases can be grouped into two distinct classes of hydrolases with different folds and topologically unrelated catalytic residues, the one class comprising of esterases, the other one of beta-lactamases and DD-peptidases. The chemical reactivities of esters and beta-lactams towards hydrolysis are quite similar, which raises the question of which factors prevent esterases from displaying beta-lactamase activity and vice versa. Here we describe the crystal structure of EstB, an esterase isolated from Burkholderia gladioli. It shows the protein to belong to a novel class of esterases with homology to Penicillin binding proteins, notably DD-peptidase and class C beta-lactamases. Site-directed mutagenesis and the crystal structure of the complex with diisopropyl-fluorophosphate suggest Ser75 within the "beta-lactamase" Ser-x-x-Lys motif to act as catalytic nucleophile. Despite its structural homology to beta-lactamases, EstB shows no beta-lactamase activity. Although the nature and arrangement of active-site residues is very similar between EstB and homologous beta-lactamases, there are considerable differences in the shape of the active site tunnel. Modeling studies suggest steric factors to account for the enzyme's selectivity for ester hydrolysis versus beta-lactam cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike G Wagner
- Institut für Chemie, Strukturbiologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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25
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Petersen EI, Valinger G, Sölkner B, Stubenrauch G, Schwab H. A novel esterase from Burkholderia gladioli which shows high deacetylation activity on cephalosporins is related to beta-lactamases and DD-peptidases. J Biotechnol 2001; 89:11-25. [PMID: 11472796 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(01)00284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The gene (estB) encoding for a novel esterase (EstB) from Burkholderia gladioli (formerly Pseudomonas marginata) NCPPB 1891 was cloned in Escherichia coli. Sequence analysis showed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 392 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of about 42 kDa. Comparison of the amino acid sequence with those of other homologous enzymes indicated homologies to beta-lactamases, penicillin binding proteins and DD-peptidases. The serine residue (Ser(75)) which is located within a present class A beta-lactamase motif ([F,Y]-X-[L,I,V,M,F,Y]-X-S-[T,V]-X-K-X-X-X-X-[A,G,L]-X-X-[L,C]) was identified by site-directed mutagenesis to represent the active nucleophile. A second serine residue (Ser(149)) which is located within a G-x-S-x-G motif which is typically found in esterases and lipases was demonstrated not to play a significant role in enzyme function. The estB gene was overexpressed in E. coli using a tac promoter-based expression system. Investigation of EstB protein with respect to the ability to hydrolyse beta-lactam substrates clearly demonstrated that this protein has no beta-lactamase activity. The recombinant enzyme is active on triglycerides and on nitrophenyl esters with acyl chain lengths up to C6. The preference for short chain length substrates indicated that EstB is a typical carboxylesterase. As a special feature EstB esterase was found to have high deacetylation activity on cephalosporin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Petersen
- Institut für Biotechnologie, AG Genetik, SFB Biokatalyse, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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