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Ding K, Xu Q, Zhang X, Liu S. Metabolomic insights into neurological effects of BDE-47 exposure in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115558. [PMID: 37820477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The persistent organic pollutant 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), a prevalent congener among polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), exhibits potent bioaccumulation and toxicity. Despite extensive research into the adverse effects of BDE-47, its neurotoxicity in sea cucumbers remains unexplored. Given the crucial role of the sea cucumber's nervous system in survival and adaptation, evaluating the impacts of BDE-47 is vital for sustainable aquaculture and consumption. In this study, we employed ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS) to analyze metabolomic changes in neuro-related tissues of Apostichopus japonicus exposed to low (0.1 µg/L), medium (1.0 µg/L), and high (10.0 µg/L) BDE-47 concentrations. We identified significantly changed metabolites in each exposure group (87 in low, 79 in medium, and 102 in high), affecting a variety of physiological processes such as steroid hormone balance, nucleotide metabolism, energy metabolism, neurotransmitter levels, and neuroprotection. In addition, we identified concentration-dependent, common, and some other metabolic responses in the neuro-related tissues. Our findings reveal critical insights into the neurotoxic effects of BDE-47 in sea cucumbers and contribute to risk assessment related to BDE-47 exposure in the sea cucumber industry, paving the way for future neurotoxicological research in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Qinzeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Xuelei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Li S, Huo G, Jiang Y, Wu Y, Jiang H, Wang R, Hua C, Zhou F. Transcriptomics provides insights into toxicological effects and molecular mechanisms associated with the exposure of Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, to dioxin. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104540. [PMID: 36089220 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins are stable, ubiquitous, persistent, and halogenated environmental pollutants that have recently garnered increasing attention. This study constructed a microcosmic system to simulate the real breeding conditions of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) to evaluate the impact of environmental dioxins on these aquaculture animals. Histological observation and detection of antioxidant enzyme activities revealed that dioxin exposure for different durations substantially damaged the hepatopancreas of Chinese mitten crabs, increasing the enzymatic activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) but decreasing that of malondialdehyde (MDA). We also obtained the gene expression profiles of the hepatopancreas corresponding to different periods of dioxin exposure using RNA-seq technology. Compared with the control group, 2999 and 941 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) corresponding to different periods of dioxin exposure were identified in the hepatopancreas. Enrichment analysis indicated that some pathways, such as those governing carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and immune disease, also responded to dioxin exposure. Subsequently, we selectively analyzed DEGs involved in oxidoreductase activity, carbohydrate metabolic processes, and other processes, identifying that increased expression of Hsp70, Ldh, and Trx1 and decreased expression of Lgbp, Bgal1, and Acsbg2 were potentially caused by sensitivity to environmental dioxin exposure. Therefore, we contend that, although crabs exposed to unfavorable environmental pollutants, such as dioxin, may adapt via antioxidant and immune response modulation. However, continued dioxin exposure would disrupt such homeostatic restorative capabilities. Thus, this study may provide new insights into the toxicological effects exerted by dioxin on aquatic organisms, such as E. sinensis, as well as the mechanisms underlying such toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Li
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Guangming Huo
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Yulong Wu
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Renlei Wang
- Biology Department, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 210013, PR China
| | - Chun Hua
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China.
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Białek A, Białek M, Lepionka T, Ruszczyńska A, Bulska E, Czauderna M. Cancer Influences the Elemental Composition of the Myocardium More Strongly than Conjugated Linoleic Acids-Chemometric Approach to Cardio-Oncological Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:7127. [PMID: 34885709 PMCID: PMC8659207 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify in a cardio-oncological model experiment if conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) fed to rats with mammary tumors affect the content of selected macro- and microelements in their myocardium. The diet of Sprague-Dawley females was supplemented either with CLA isomers or with safflower oil. In hearts of rats suffering from breast cancer, selected elements were analyzed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma ionization (ICP-MS). In order to better understand the data trends, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were applied. Mammary tumors influenced macro- and microelements content in the myocardium to a greater extent than applied diet supplementation. Significant influences of diet (p = 0.0192), mammary tumors (p = 0.0200) and interactions of both factors (p = 0.0151) were documented in terms of Fe content. CLA significantly decreased the contents of Cu and Mn (p = 0.0158 and p = 0.0265, respectively). The level of Ni was significantly higher (p = 0.0073), which was more pronounced in groups supplemented with CLA. The obtained results confirmed antioxidant properties of CLA and the relationship with Se deposition. Chemometric techniques distinctly showed that the coexisting pathological process induced differences to the greater extent than diet supplementation in the elemental content in the myocardium, which may impinge on cardiac tissue's susceptibility to injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Białek
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Białek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Tomasz Lepionka
- Department of Bioaerosols, The Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center of the General Karol Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska 4 St, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Anna Ruszczyńska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Marian Czauderna
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; (M.B.); (M.C.)
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Liu JD, Liu WB, Zhang DD, Xu CY, Zhang CY, Zheng XC, Chi C. Dietary reduced glutathione supplementation can improve growth, antioxidant capacity, and immunity on Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:300-308. [PMID: 32135343 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eriocheir sinensis is an important aquaculture species in China, and its yield and quality are threatened by oxidative stress caused by deteriorating water conditions. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant, but whether dietary GSH can increase the resistance of E. sinensis to environmental stress remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, crabs were fed with dietary GSH (0, 300, 600, 900, and 1200 mg/kg diet weight) for up to 10 weeks to determine the effects of different dietary GSH concentrations on growth, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of E. sinensis. The results showed that the weight gain rate and survival rate increased significantly as dietary GSH levels increased from 0 to 900 mg/kg, but decreased at 1200 mg/kg. Compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with 900 mg/kg GSH not only increased the concentration of GSH in the haemolymph and hepatopancreas, but also enhanced the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (p < 0.05). Diets supplemented with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH significantly increased the enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), lysozyme (LZM), alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase, and significantly decreased the content of malondialdehyde. To understand the changes in the activity of these enzymes further, the expression of related genes was detected. Diets supplemented with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH significantly upregulated the genes expressions of cytosolic manganese SOD, mitochondrial manganese SOD, copper, zinc-SOD, GSH-Px, LZM, and prophenoloxidase activating factor, and significantly down regulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 1, Toll-like receptor 2, Dorsal, and the myeloid differentiation factor 88. However, a diet supplemented with 1200 mg/kg GSH decreased those positive indicators. Overall, our results demonstrated that an appropriate diet supplemented with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH enhances antioxidant capacity and immunity, which will enhance the general health of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Liu JD, Liu WB, Zhang CY, Xu CY, Zheng XC, Zhang DD, Chi C. Dietary glutathione supplementation enhances antioxidant activity and protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute hepatopancreatic injury and cell apoptosis in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 97:440-454. [PMID: 31857224 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eriocheir sinensis (E. sinensis) is an important aquaculture species in China. However, deteriorating water environments lead to oxidative stress in these crabs, which subsequently reduces their quality and yield. Glutathione (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant that is used to mitigate oxidative stress. However, whether dietary GSH can enhance the resistance of E. sinensis to oxidative stress remains unclear. Herein, crabs were fed dietary GSH (the basal diet was supplemented with 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1200 mg/kg diet weight of GSH) for up to 3 weeks and, then, challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 400 μg/kg body weight). After 6 h, their hepatopancreas were sampled. Diet supplementation with 600 and 900 mg/kg diet weight GSH not only increased the content of GSH in the hepatopancreas, but also enhanced the activities and mRNA expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.05), compared to that in control crabs challenged with LPS alone. Diet supplementation with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH also significantly increased the enzyme activities of GSH reductase and γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) in LPS-treated crabs. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry were used to examine the structure and subcellular structure of and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas. The histopathology and sub-microstructure analysis results also showed that diet supplementation with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH significantly alleviated damage in crabs challenged with LPS and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell apoptosis ratios in the hepatopancreas, compared to the LPS-treated crabs. To further understand the effect of dietary GSH on LPS-induced apoptosis, the activities and gene or protein expressions of apoptosis-related factors were evaluated. As a result, diet supplementation with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH significantly decreased the activities of caspases-3, -8, and -9 and inhibited the relative expression of caspase-3 and -8 but increased the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X inhibitor (bax inhibitor) in crabs challenged with LPS. This treatment further significantly downregulated the relative protein levels of caspase-3, -8, -9 and Bax and upregulated those of Bcl-2 in crabs challenged with LPS. However, treatment with 1200 mg/kg GSH caused the opposite effects. Overall, our results reveal that appropriate diets supplemented with 600 or 900 mg/kg GSH could enhance the antioxidant capacity and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in crabs after LPS injection, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of dietary GSH in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Delesderrier E, Cople-Rodrigues CS, Omena J, Kneip Fleury M, Barbosa Brito F, Costa Bacelo A, Correa Koury J, Citelli M. Selenium Status and Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2211. [PMID: 31540239 PMCID: PMC6770466 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy characterized by chronic hemolysis. Chronic hemolysis is promoted by increased oxidative stress. Our hypothesis was that some antioxidant micronutrients (retinol, tocopherol, selenium, and zinc) would be determinant factors of the degree of hemolysis in SCD patients. We aimed to investigate the nutritional adequacy of these antioxidants and their relationships to hemolysis. The study included 51 adult SCD patients regularly assisted in two reference centers for hematology in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Serum concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and zinc were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography or atomic absorption spectrometry. Hematological parameters (complete blood count, reticulocyte count, hemoglobin, direct and indirect bilirubin, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase) and inflammation markers (leukocytes and ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein) were analyzed. A linear regression model was used to test the associations between the variables. Most patients presented selenium deficiency and low selenium consumption. Linear regression analysis showed that selenium is the main determinant of hemolysis among the antioxidant nutrients analyzed. Thus, data from this study suggest that the nutritional care protocols for patients with SCD should include dietary sources of selenium in order to reduce the risk of hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Delesderrier
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Omena
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Kneip Fleury
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Barbosa Brito
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Costa Bacelo
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Josely Correa Koury
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil.
| | - Marta Citelli
- Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil.
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Cha JH, Yu QM, Seo JS. Vitamin A supplementation modifies the antioxidant system in rats. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 10:26-32. [PMID: 26865913 PMCID: PMC4742307 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES It has been shown that vitamin A supplementation has different effects on skeletal health and the antioxidant system. Deficiency or excess of this vitamin can lead to health problems. Vitamin A can work as either an antioxidant or prooxidant depending on its concentration. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of vitamin A supplementation on the antioxidant system in rats. MATERIALS/METHODS Forty Spargue-Dawley male rats were divided into four groups according to the dose of vitamin A received: 0 (A0), 4,000 (A1), 8,000 (A2), and 20,000 (A3) IU retinyl palmitate/kg diet. After a feeding period of 4 wks, lipid peroxide levels, glutathione concentration, antioxidant enzyme activities, and vitamins A and E concentrations were measured. Histopathological changes were observed in rat liver tissue using an optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS Lipid peroxide levels in plasma were significantly decreased in the A1 and A2 groups compared to the A0 rats. Erythrocyte catalase and hepatic superoxide dismutase activities of the A2 group were significantly higher than those of the A0 group. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly lower in the A3 group compared to the other groups. Total glutathione concentrations were significantly higher in the A1 and A2 groups than in the A0 group. Histological examination of liver tissue showed that excessive supplementation of vitamin A might lead to lipid droplet accumulation and nuclear membrane deformation. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that appropriate supplementation of vitamin A might have a beneficial effect on the antioxidant system in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwa Cha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Qi-Ming Yu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Jung-Sook Seo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
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Golini RS, Delgado SM, Navigatore Fonzo LS, Ponce IT, Lacoste MG, Anzulovich AC. Daily patterns of clock and cognition-related factors are modified in the hippocampus of vitamin A-deficient rats. Hippocampus 2012; 22:1720-32. [PMID: 22434687 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The circadian expression of clock and clock-controlled cognition-related genes in the hippocampus would be essential to achieve an optimal daily cognitive performance. There is some evidence that retinoid nuclear receptors (RARs and RXRs) can regulate circadian gene expression in different tissues. In this study, Holtzman male rats from control and vitamin A-deficient groups were sacrificed throughout a 24-h period and hippocampus samples were isolated every 4 or 5 h. RARα and RXRβ expression level was quantified and daily expression patterns of clock BMAL1, PER1, RORα, and REVERB genes, RORα and REVERB proteins, as well as temporal expression of cognition-related RC3 and BDNF genes were determined in the hippocampus of the two groups of rats. Our results show significant daily variations of BMAL1, PER1, RORα, and REVERB genes, RORα and REVERB proteins and, consequently, daily oscillating expression of RC3 and BDNF genes in the rat hippocampus. Vitamin A deficiency reduced RXRβ mRNA level as well as the amplitude of PER1, REVERB gene, and REVERB protein rhythms, and phase-shifted the daily peaks of BMAL1 and RORα mRNA, RORα protein, and RC3 and BDNF mRNA levels. Thus, nutritional factors, such as vitamin A and its derivatives the retinoids, might modulate daily patterns of BDNF and RC3 expression in the hippocampus, and they could be essential to maintain an optimal daily performance at molecular level in this learning-and-memory-related brain area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca S Golini
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research - San Luis, Argentina
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Ponce IT, Rezza IG, Delgado SM, Navigatore LS, Bonomi MR, Golini RL, Gimenez MS, Anzulovich AC. Daily oscillation of glutathione redox cycle is dampened in the nutritional vitamin A deficiency. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2011; 43:351-372. [PMID: 22984325 DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.593847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Examples of hormonal phase-shifting of circadian gene expression began to emerge a few years ago. Vitamin A fulfills a hormonal function by binding of retinoic acid to its nuclear receptors, RARs and RXRs. We found retinoid- as well as clock-responsive sites on regulatory regions of Glutathione reductase (GR) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) genes. Interestingly, we observed retinoid receptors, as well as GSH, GR and GPx, display daily oscillating patterns in the rat liver. We also found that feeding animals with a vitamin A-free diet, dampened daily rhythms of RARα and RXRβ mRNA, GR expression and activity, GSH, BMAL1 protein levels and locomotor activity. Differently, day-night oscillations of RXRα, GPx mRNA levels and activity and PER1 protein levels, were phase-shifted in the liver of vitamin A-deficient rats. These observations would emphasize the importance of micronutrient vitamin A in the modulation of biological rhythms of GSH and cellular redox state in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Tamara Ponce
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL). Chacabuco y Pedernera, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
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Gatica LV, Oliveros LB, Pérez Díaz MF, Domínguez NS, Fornes MW, Gimenez MS. Implication of vitamin A deficiency on vascular injury related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effects on the ultrastructure of rat aorta. Eur J Nutr 2011; 51:97-106. [PMID: 21512820 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin A deficiency induces activation of NF-kB and impairs activities of antioxidant enzymes in aorta. AIM OF THE STUDY We study the effect of vitamin A deficiency on the aorta histoarchitecture and the possibly contribution of its prooxidant and inflammatory effects to artery alterations. METHODS Twenty-one-day-old Wistar male rats were fed during 3 months with vitamin A-deficient diet (-A, n = 8) or the same diet containing 8 mg of retinol palmitate/kg of diet (+A, control, n = 8). In aortas, thiobarbituric reactive substances and reduced glutathione levels were measured by spectrophotometry. Expressions of TNF-alpha, NOX-2, VCAM-1, and TGF-beta1 were assessed by RT-PCR and Western Blot. The morphology of aorta was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS In -A rats, high levels of TBARS in serum and aorta and low levels of GSH in aorta were found. An increased expression of TNF-alpha, NOX-2, VCAM-1, and TGF-beta1 in aorta from -A rats was observed. Examination of the intimal layer by light microscopy indicated the presence of an irregular surface in -A aortas. TEM studies showed large vacuoles and multivesicular bodies along the endothelium and also multivesicular bodies in the subendothelial space of aortas from -A rats. Furthermore, the histological appearance of internal elastic lamina was different from control. Small vesicles in the medial layer were observed in aortas from vitamin A-deficient rats. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin A deficiency produces histoarchitectural alterations in aorta, which can be associated, at least in part, to the oxidative stress and inflammation induced by vitamin A deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V Gatica
- Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Gimenez MS, Oliveros LB, Gomez NN. Nutritional deficiencies and phospholipid metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2408-33. [PMID: 21731449 PMCID: PMC3127125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are important components of the cell membranes of all living species. They contribute to the physicochemical properties of the membrane and thus influence the conformation and function of membrane-bound proteins, such as receptors, ion channels, and transporters and also influence cell function by serving as precursors for prostaglandins and other signaling molecules and modulating gene expression through the transcription activation. The components of the diet are determinant for cell functionality. In this review, the effects of macro and micronutrients deficiency on the quality, quantity and metabolism of different phospholipids and their distribution in cells of different organs is presented. Alterations in the amount of both saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins A, E and folate, and other micronutrients, such as zinc and magnesium, are discussed. In all cases we observe alterations in the pattern of phospholipids, the more affected ones being phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin. The deficiency of certain nutrients, such as essential fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins and some metals may contribute to a variety of diseases that can be irreversible even after replacement with normal amount of the nutrients. Usually, the sequelae are more important when the deficiency is present at an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S. Gimenez
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (M.S.G.); (L.B.O.); Tel.: 54-2652-423789; Fax: 54-2652-431301
| | - Liliana B. Oliveros
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (M.S.G.); (L.B.O.); Tel.: 54-2652-423789; Fax: 54-2652-431301
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Sangeetha RK, Bhaskar N, Divakar S, Baskaran V. Bioavailability and metabolism of fucoxanthin in rats: structural characterization of metabolites by LC-MS (APCI). Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 333:299-310. [PMID: 19701609 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study reports bioavailability and metabolism of fucoxanthin (FUCO) from brown algae Padina tetrastromatica in rats. Rats were divided into two groups (n = 25/group). Group one was fed basal diet (control) while the group two received retinol deficient diet (RD group) for 8 weeks. After confirmed RD in blood (0.53 micromol/l), rats were further sub-grouped (n = 5/sub group), intubated a dose of FUCO (0.83 micromol) and killed after 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The plasma levels (area under curve/8 h) of FUCO (fucoxanthinol (FUOH) + amarouciaxanthin (AAx)) was 2.93 (RD group) and 2.74 pmol/dl (control), respectively. No newly formed retinol was detected in RD rats intubated with FUCO. Besides FUOH (m/z 617 (M+H)(+)) and AAx (m/z 617 (M+H(-))(+)), other deacetylated, hydrolyzed and demethylated metabolites of bearing molecular mass at m/z 600.6 (FUOH-H(2)O), m/z 597 (AAx-H(2)O), m/z 579 (AAx-2H(2)O+1), m/z 551 (AAx-2H(2)O-2CH(3)+2) and m/z 523 (AAx-2H(2)O-4CH(3)+4) were also detected in plasma and liver by LC-MS (APCI). Although biological functions of FUCO metabolites need thorough investigation, this is the first detailed report on FUCO metabolites in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Sangeetha
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, CSIR, Mysore, 570 020, India
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13
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Fonzo LSN, Golini RS, Delgado SM, Ponce IT, Bonomi MR, Rezza IG, Gimenez MS, Anzulovich AC. Temporal patterns of lipoperoxidation and antioxidant enzymes are modified in the hippocampus of vitamin A-deficient rats. Hippocampus 2009; 19:869-80. [PMID: 19308957 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Animals can adapt their behavior to predictable temporal fluctuations in the environment through both, memory-and-learning processes and an endogenous time-keeping mechanism. Hippocampus plays a key role in memory and learning and is especially susceptible to oxidative stress. In compensation, antioxidant enzymes activity, such as Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), has been detected in this brain region. Daily rhythms of antioxidant enzymes activity, as well as of glutathione and lipid peroxides levels, have been described in brain. Here, we investigate day/night variations in lipoperoxidation, CAT, and GPx expression and activity, as well as the temporal fluctuations of two key components of the endogenous clock, BMAL1 and PER1, in the rat hippocampus and evaluate to which extent vitamin A deficiency may affect their amplitude or phase. Holtzman male rats from control, vitamin A-deficient, and vitamin A-refed groups were sacrificed throughout a 24-h period. Daily levels of clock proteins, lipoperoxidation, CAT and GPx mRNA, protein, and activity, were determined in the rat hippocampus obtained every 4 or 5 h. Gene expression of RARalpha and RXRbeta was also quantified in the hippocampus of the three groups of rats. Our results show significant daily variations of BMAL1 and PER1 protein expression. Rhythmic lipoperoxidation, CAT, and GPx, expression and activity, were also observed in the rat hippocampus. Vitamin A deficiency reduced RXRbeta mRNA level, as well as the amplitude of BMAL1 and PER1 daily oscillation, phase-shifted the daily peak of lipoperoxidation, and had a differential effect on the oscillating CAT and GPx mRNA, protein, and activity. Learning how vitamin A deficiency affects the circadian gene expression in the hippocampus may have an impact on the neurobiology, nutritional and chronobiology fields, emphasizing for the first time the importance of nutritional factors, such as dietary micronutrients, in the regulation of circadian parameters in this brain memory-and-learning-related region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena S Navigatore Fonzo
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research (IMIBIO-SL), National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Chacabuco y Pedernera, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
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14
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Vega VA, Anzulovich AC, Varas SM, Bonomi MR, Giménez MS, Oliveros LB. Effect of nutritional vitamin A deficiency on lipid metabolism in the rat heart: Its relation to PPAR gene expression. Nutrition 2009; 25:828-38. [PMID: 19342198 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 12/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied the effect of dietary vitamin A deprivation on lipid composition and mRNA expression of regulatory enzymes involved in rat heart energetic lipid metabolism and its relation to the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) genes. METHODS Male Wistar 21-d-old rats were fed for 3 mo with a vitamin A-free diet (vitamin A-deficient group) and the same diet plus 8 mg of retinol palmitate per kilogram of diet (control group). One group of deficient animals received the control diet 15 d before sacrifice (vitamin A-refed group). Heart ventricular and mitochondrial lipid contents were determined. Lipid synthesis was measured using radioactive precursors and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) activities using radioactive substrates. Fatty acid composition of mitochondrial phospholipids was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Heart expression of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, CPT-I, PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta, RXR-alpha, and RXR-beta was assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and CPT-I expression was also measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Vitamin A deficiency induced changes in heart ventricular lipid content and synthesis. Mitochondrial cardiolipin decreased and the proportion of phospholipids/saturated fatty acids increased. Heart activity and mRNA levels of CPT-I and expression of PPAR-alpha and PPAR-beta genes were enhanced, whereas acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase activity diminished. Furthermore, vitamin A deficiency decreased heart mRNA levels of RXRs. Vitamin A refeeding reverted most of the observed changes. CONCLUSION Lipid metabolism is significantly modified in hearts of vitamin A-deficient rats. Alteration of mitochondrial energetic processes by modifying the activity and gene expressions of the regulatory enzymes is associated with a high PPAR expression induced by vitamin A deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Analía Vega
- Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of San Luis, and IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, Argentina
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Ravi Kumar S, Narayan B, Vallikannan B. Fucoxanthin restrains oxidative stress induced by retinol deficiency through modulation of Na+Ka+-ATPase and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats. Eur J Nutr 2008; 47:432-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-008-0745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Oliveros LB, Domeniconi MA, Vega VA, Gatica LV, Brigada AM, Gimenez MS. Vitamin A deficiency modifies lipid metabolism in rat liver. Br J Nutr 2007; 97:263-72. [PMID: 17298694 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507182659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Liver fatty acid metabolism of male rats fed on a vitamin A-deficient diet for 3 months from 21 d of age was evaluated. Vitamin A restriction produced subclinical plasma and negligible liver retinol concentrations, compared with the control group receiving the same diet with 4000 IU vitamin A (8 mg retinol as retinyl palmitate)/kg diet. Vitamin A deficiency induced a hypolipidaemic effect by decreasing serum triacylglycerol, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels. The decrease of liver total phospholipid was associated with low phosphatidylcholine synthesis observed by lower [14C]choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine, compared with control. Also, liver fatty acid synthesis decreased, as was indicated by activity and mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and incorporation of [14C]acetate into saponified lipids. A decrease of the PPARalpha mRNA expression was observed. Liver mitochondria of vitamin A-deficient rats showed a lower total phospholipid concentration coinciding with a decrease of the cardiolipin proportion, without changes in the other phospholipid fractions determined. The mitochondria fatty acid oxidation increased by 30 % of the control value and it was attributed to a high activity and mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I). An increase in serum beta-hydroxybutyrate levels was observed in vitamin A-deficient rats. Vitamin A deficiency alters the mitochondria lipid composition and also enhances fatty acid oxidation by modifying the production of malonyl-CoA, the endogenous inhibitor of CPT-I, due to decreased activity of liver ACC. The incorporation of vitamin A into the diet of vitamin A-deficient rats reverted all the changes observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana B Oliveros
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Avenida Ejército de los Andes 954, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Gatica LV, Vega VA, Zirulnik F, Oliveros LB, Gimenez MS. Alterations in the Lipid Metabolism of Rat Aorta: Effects of Vitamin A Deficiency. J Vasc Res 2006; 43:602-10. [PMID: 17047345 DOI: 10.1159/000096247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 08/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are known to reduce cardiovascular disease by reducing the concentration of free radicals in the vessel wall and by preventing the oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins. The prooxidative effect of a vitamin-A-deficient diet on the aorta has previously been demonstrated by us. In this study, the lipid metabolism in the aorta of rats fed on a vitamin-A-deficient diet was evaluated. Vitamin A deficiency induced a hypolipidemic effect (lower serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels) and a decreased serum paraoxonase 1/arylesterase activity. The concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, free and esterified cholesterol, and phospholipids were increased in the aorta of vitamin-A-deficient rats. The phospholipid compositions showed an increase in phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol plus phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine, a decrease in sphingomyelin, and no change in phosphatidylglycerol. In the aorta, the increase in triglycerides was associated with an increased fatty acid synthesis and mRNA expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1. The increased PC content was attributed to an increased synthesis, as measured by [methyl-(14)C]choline incorporation into PC and high CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase-alpha mRNA expression. The cholesterol synthesis, evaluated by [1-(14)C]acetate incorporated into cholesterol and mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, did not change. The lipoprotein lipase and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 mRNA expression levels increased in the aorta of vitamin-A-deficient animals. The incorporation of vitamin A into the diet of vitamin-A-deficient rats reverted all the changes observed. These results indicate that a vitamin-A-deficient diet,in addition to having a prooxidative effect, alters the aorta lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V Gatica
- Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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Hernández-Pinto AM, Puebla-Jiménez L, Arilla-Ferreiro E. A vitamin A-free diet results in impairment of the rat hippocampal somatostatinergic system. Neuroscience 2006; 141:851-861. [PMID: 16757122 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Revised: 03/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed the presence of retinoid specific receptors in the hippocampus and have demonstrated that vitamin A deficiency produces a severe deficit in spatial learning and memory which are linked to a proper hippocampal functioning. It is also well known that the tetradecapeptide somatostatin binds to specific receptors in the hippocampus and, when injected into this brain area, facilitates the acquisition of spatial tasks. In addition, depletion of somatostatin by cysteamine impairs acquisition of these tasks. Taken together, these studies support the idea that the hippocampal somatostatinergic system might be regulated by vitamin A. Hence, we evaluated the effects of vitamin A deprivation and subsequent administration of vitamin A on the rat hippocampal somatostatinergic system. Rats fed a vitamin A-free diet exhibited a significant reduction of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity content in the hippocampus whereas the somatostatin mRNA levels were unaltered. Vitamin A deficiency increased the somatostatin receptor density and its dissociation constant. Functional Gi activity as well as the capacity of somatostatin to inhibit basal and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was decreased in vitamin A deficiency rats as compared with the control animals. All these parameters were fully restored when vitamin A was replaced in the diet. Furthermore, we found that the Gialpha1, Gialpha2 and Gialpha3 protein levels were unaltered in hippocampal membranes from rats fed a vitamin A-free diet whereas subsequent vitamin A administration to these rats caused a significant increase in the levels of Gialpha1 and Gialpha2. Altogether, the present findings suggest that dietary vitamin A levels modulate the somatostatinergic system in the rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hernández-Pinto
- Grupo de Neurobioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Crta. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,6, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Puebla-Jiménez
- Grupo de Neurobioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Crta. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,6, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Arilla-Ferreiro
- Grupo de Neurobioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Crta. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,6, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Klassen P, Biesalski HK, Mazariegos M, Solomons NW, Fürst P. Classic dengue fever affects levels of circulating antioxidants. Nutrition 2004; 20:542-7. [PMID: 15165617 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied alterations of circulating antioxidant nutrients in patients with classic dengue fever in the tropical lowlands of Guatemala. METHODS In nine patients with dengue fever and 12 healthy Guatemalan control subjects, we assessed plasma concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, glutathione, taurine, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species, and total antioxidant status. Control subjects were assessed twice within 48 h to account for day-to-day variations. Febrile patients with dengue fever were examined on the day of admission to the hospital, at discharge after defervescence (approximately 5 d after admission), and 7 d thereafter. RESULTS In patients with dengue fever, increases in plasma concentrations of retinol and beta-carotene were seen, whereas decreases were observed for glutathione and total antioxidant status. As compared with the reference group, patients with dengue fever had lower retinol concentrations in the acute phase of the disease and lower glutathione concentrations 7 d after discharge. Further, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species levels were higher in the dengue fever patients as analyzed by unpaired t test. CONCLUSION Using dengue fever as a model for the metabolic response to an acute, self-limited tropical viral infection, the present findings suggest slight turbulence of the antioxidant system that may be a response to or a consequence of the viral inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Klassen
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Nutritional Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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