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Oba T, Takano K, Katahira K, Kimura K. Exploring individual, social and environmental factors related to physical activity: a network analysis. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e001983. [PMID: 39104375 PMCID: PMC11298727 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-001983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Insufficient physical activity (PA) has long been a global health issue, and a number of studies have explored correlates of PA to identify the mechanisms underlying inactive lifestyles. In the literature, dozens of correlates have been identified at different (eg, individual, environmental) levels, but there is little or no direct evidence for the mutual associations of these correlates. This study analysed 44 variables identified as theoretically and empirically relevant for PA to clarify the factors directly and indirectly associated with PA. Methods A cross-sectional survey dataset of 19 005 Japanese-speaking adults (mean age=53.50 years, SD=17.40; 9706 women) was analysed. The data encompassed demographic and anthropometric variables; self-reported PA levels; perceived social support and environments (eg, awareness of urban facilities for PA); psychological traits and health-behaviour characteristics (eg, personality, motivation, self-efficacy, decisional balance, process of change strategies); and technology use (eg, mobile health apps). Results Network analyses were performed to select meaningful associations (partial correlations) among variables, which identified nine variables directly positively associated with PA: job/employment status, self-efficacy, perceived social support, intrinsic motivation, stage of change, counter conditioning, self-reevaluation, environment and technology use. Indirect associations (two-step neighbourhood) were identified for 40 (out of 44) variables, implying that most of the known PA-correlates are associated with PA-at least indirectly. Conclusion These identified associations echo the importance of the multilevel perspective in understanding how people maintain (in)active lifestyles. Interventions for PA could have mixed-level targets, including intraindividual characteristics, social support and physical and digital environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeyuki Oba
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takano
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Katahira
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenta Kimura
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
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Alvarado F, Hercules A, Wanigatunga M, Laurent J, Payne M, Allouch F, Crews DC, Mills KT, He J, Gustat J, Ferdinand KC. Influence of neighborhood-level social determinants of health on a heart-healthy lifestyle among Black church members: A mixed-methods study. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 27:100273. [PMID: 38511101 PMCID: PMC10946005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Few church-based health interventions have evaluated the influence of neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDOH) on adopting heart-healthy lifestyles; none has occurred in Louisiana. We aimed to characterize neighborhood-level SDOH that may influence the ability to adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle among Black community church members in New Orleans, LA. Methods This mixed methods study used quantitative data (surveys) and qualitative data (focus groups) to explore SDOH at the neighborhood- and church-area- level, including factors related to the physical (e.g., walkability, accessibility to recreational facilities) and social (e.g., social cohesion, perceived safety) environments. Descriptive analyses were conducted for quantitative data. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using grounded theory and thematic analysis. Results Among survey respondents (n = 302, 77 % female, 99 % Black), most reported having walkable neighborhood sidewalks and high neighborhood social cohesion. Two-thirds did not feel violence was a problem in their neighborhood and felt safe walking, day, or night. Focus group participants (n = 27, 74 % female, 100 % Black) reported facilitators to heart-healthy living, including social support promoting physical activity, intentionality in growing, buying, and preparing produce, and the neighborhood-built environment. Reported barriers included: crime, the COVID-19 pandemic, individual-level factors limiting physical activity, and city-wide disparities influencing health. Participants discussed strategies to promote healthy living, centered around the theme of establishing and rebuilding community relationships. Conclusions Future health interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes among church communities should continue to inquire about neighborhood-level SDOH and tailor interventions, as appropriate, to address barriers and leverage facilitators within these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flor Alvarado
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Amanda Hercules
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Melanie Wanigatunga
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jodie Laurent
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Marilyn Payne
- Payne and Associates Counseling and Consulting Services, 2371 Lark St, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Farah Allouch
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Deidra C. Crews
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine T. Mills
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jeanette Gustat
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Ste 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Keith C. Ferdinand
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Zan H, Shin SH. The positive impact of informal spousal caregiving on the physical activity of older adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:977846. [PMID: 36589971 PMCID: PMC9800888 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.977846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although physical activity (PA) is crucial for health, the literature is mixed about how individuals' PA decisions are affected by their spouses. To fill this gap, we examined the extent to which providing care for one spouse affects the PA of the other spouse among those aged 50 or older in the United States. Methods We analyzed 9,173 older adults living with their spouses or partners from the 2004 to 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. To identify the causal effect of spousal caregiving on the PA of older adults, we estimated individual-fixed effects models using a two-stage least squared instrumental variable approach with spousal falls as our instrument. We also estimated the models by splitting the sample by gender and race/ethnicity to identify heterogeneous impacts of spousal caregiving on PA decisions among subgroups. Results We found that a one percentage point increase in the probability of providing care to spouses led to an increase in the probability of initiating moderate or vigorous PA (MVPA) by 0.34-0.52 percentage points. This effect was salient, especially among female and non-Hispanic white older adults. Discussion Caregiving experience might provide opportunities to learn about caregiving burdens and trigger an emotional response about the salience of an event (i.e., they need care in the future). Older caregivers might start MVPA in an effort to improve or maintain their health and avoid burdening their families for caregiving in the future. This study demonstrated spousal influence on PA. Instead of delivering PA-promotion information (e.g., the harm of sedentary lifestyle and benefits of regular PA) to individuals, risk communication and education efforts on PA promotion might be more effective considering the family context. Family events such as health shocks or the emergence of caregiving needs from family members provide windows of opportunities for intervening. Subgroup differences should also be considered in targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zan
- Center on the Family, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States,*Correspondence: Hua Zan, ✉
| | - Su Hyun Shin
- Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Tian Y, Shi Z. The Relationship between Social Support and Exercise Adherence among Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Effects of Subjective Exercise Experience and Commitment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811827. [PMID: 36142099 PMCID: PMC9517627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and exercise adherence among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the mediating effects of subjective exercise experience and commitment in the relationship, in order to provide a reference for improving exercise adherence among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire, Subjective Exercise Experience Scale, Exercise Commitment Scale, and Exercise Adherence Scale were administered to 459 eligible college students in Jinan, Shandong Province, through convenience sampling. Results showed that social support positively predicted exercise adherence among college students. The separate and joint mediating effects of subjective exercise experience and commitment between social support and college students' exercise adherence were significant. This study demonstrated that social support can positively predict exercise adherence among college students. In addition, subjective exercise experience and commitment played mediation roles between social support and college students' exercise adherence, both separately and jointly. Therefore, enhancing social support and improving the level of subjective exercise experience and exercise commitment among college students may be an effective strategy for improving exercise adherence among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Zheng H, He Q, Xu H, Zheng X, Gu Y. Lower grip strength and insufficient physical activity can increase depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older European adults: a longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:696. [PMID: 35996095 PMCID: PMC9396791 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to identify the gender-specific trajectories of grip strength using group-based trajectories, explore the interaction between grip strength and physical activity on depression, and investigate the association of physical activity with the change in depression by different grip strength groups among middle-aged and older European adults. Methods A total of 14,098 participants aged 50 years or older from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe 2007–2019 were included in this study. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify the low, middle and high group of grip strength by gender. Generalized estimated equations were fitted to analyze the interaction effect. The data of wave 2-wave 5 and wave 2-wave 7 were chosen to conduct sensitivity analyses. Results Significant interactions between grip strength group and physical inactivity were found (x2interaction = 11.16, P = 0.004). Significant interactions between physical inactivity and time on depression were identified in low (x2interaction = 27.83, P < 0.001) and moderate (x2interaction = 23.67, P < 0.001) grip strength, but a similar result was not found in high grip strength (x2interaction = 4.39, P = 0.495). Participants in the physical inactivity group had higher depression scores in the low and moderate grip strength groups. Sensitivity analyses yield almost similar results. Conclusions Grip strength and physical inactivity interact with depression. Lower grip strength and insufficient physical activity can increase depressive symptoms. People with lower grip strength and physical inactivity should pay special attention to the prevention of depression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03392-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- Department of Public Health, the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 48 Huaishu Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P.R. China
| | - Qingwen He
- Department of Public Health, the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 48 Huaishu Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Public Health, the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 48 Huaishu Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China.
| | - Yanfang Gu
- Department of Public Health, the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 48 Huaishu Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P.R. China.
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Bowen PG, Affuso O, Opoku-Agyeman W, Mixon VR, Clay OJ. Texting Older Sisters to Step to Manage Obesity in Older Black Women: A Feasibility Study. Am J Prev Med 2022; 63:S56-S66. [PMID: 35725141 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Black women are disproportionately classified as overweight or obese and physically inactive. Social support and culturally relevant and age-appropriate physical active interventions are needed to reduce inactivity and to prevent weight gain among this group. Mobile-health text messages have shown to be an acceptable, feasible and interactive way to promote physical activity among older Black women. STUDY DESIGN This feasibility, 12-week RCT, deployed between August 2020 and December 2020, aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a mobile health intervention that focused on increasing physical activity behaviors among community-dwelling, older Black women who were age ≥60 years and classified with overweight or obesity. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling, older Black women. INTERVENTION The intervention group received physical activity promotion text messages daily, whereas the control group received 1 neutral message related to general health information weekly. MEASURES At baseline and post intervention assessments, researchers obtained HbA1c levels, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and questionnaires related to physical activity. Post-intervention satisfaction was also collected through a survey. RESULTS The intervention group had an average increase of approximately 700 steps per day more than the control group, lost more waist circumference inches (2.2) than the controls, and averaged more pound loss (2.5) than controls. The control group had a greater HbA1c reduction, whereas the intervention group remained stable. The text messages were 100% readable, and 95% of the women stated the study was motivational. Overall, 12% of participants suggested that future studies should include more in-person social support, and 8.3% said that daily text messages were too much. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that a mobile health physical activity intervention that uses self-monitoring techniques in conjunction with motivational cues, is an acceptable delivery method and a promising strategy to increase physical activity behaviors among this population, which is feasible, potentially efficacious, and low cost. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04114071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela G Bowen
- Nursing - Acute, Chronic & Continuing Care Department, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Olivia Affuso
- School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William Opoku-Agyeman
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, College of Health & Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina
| | - Veronica R Mixon
- Department of Psychology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Olivio J Clay
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Guerra ZC, Moore JR, Londoño T, Castro Y. Associations of Acculturation and Gender with Obesity and Physical Activity among Latinos. Am J Health Behav 2022; 46:324-336. [PMID: 35794757 PMCID: PMC10877675 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.46.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Latinos disproportionately experience overweight/obesity (OWOB) and insufficient physical activity (PA), which are risk factors for numerous health conditions. Whereas numerous studies investigate acculturation as a determinant of OWOB and PA, few have examined acculturation multidimensionally, and none has examined its interaction with gender. Methods: Participants were 140 Latino adults. Primary outcomes were status as OWOB and endorsement of insufficient PA. Acculturation was measured with the Multidimensional Acculturation Scale II. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between each acculturation scale and outcome, controlling for education, nativity, and smoking status. Results: Greater Spanish proficiency was significantly associated with lower odds of insufficient PA. Greater American Cultural Identity was significantly associated with higher odds of OWOB. Women had significantly higher odds of endorsing insufficient PA compared to men. Gender did not moderate the relationship between acculturation and either OWOB or PA. Conclusions: Acculturation is similarly associated with OWOB and insufficient PA for Latino men and women. Cultural identity may need to be considered to target OWOB interventions. Acculturation may be less important, and gender more important, to consider for appropriate targeting of PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zully C Guerra
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States; zguerra@utexas. edu
| | - John R Moore
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Tatiana Londoño
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Yessenia Castro
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
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Pekmezi D, Fontaine K, Rogers LQ, Pisu M, Martin MY, Schoenberger-Godwin YM, Oster RA, Kenzik K, Ivankova NV, Demark-Wahnefried W. Adapting MultiPLe behavior Interventions that eFfectively Improve (AMPLIFI) cancer survivor health: program project protocols for remote lifestyle intervention and assessment in 3 inter-related randomized controlled trials among survivors of obesity-related cancers. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:471. [PMID: 35488238 PMCID: PMC9051494 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scalable, multiple behavior change interventions are needed to address poor diet, inactivity, and excess adiposity among the rising number of cancer survivors. Efficacy-tested diet (RENEW) and exercise (BEAT Cancer) programs were adapted for web delivery among middle-aged and older cancer survivors for the AMPLIFI study, a National Cancer Institute-funded, multi-site, program project. METHODS Throughout the continental U.S., survivors of several obesity-related cancers are being recruited for three interconnected randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Projects 1 and 2 test 6-month diet or exercise interventions versus a wait-list control condition. Upon completion of the 6-month study period, the intervention participants receive the next behavior change sequence (i.e., diet receives exercise, exercise receives diet) and the wait-list control arm initiates a 12-month combined diet and exercise intervention. Project 3 tests the efficacy of the sequential versus simultaneous interventions. Assessments occur at baseline and semi-annually for up to 2-years and include: body mass index, health behaviors (diet quality, accelerometry-assessed physical activity/sleep), waist circumference, D3 creatine-assessed muscle mass, physical performance, potential mediators/moderators of treatment efficacy, biomarkers of inflammation and metabolic regulation, health care utilization, cost, and overall health. Four shared resources support AMPLIFI RCTs: 1) Administrative; 2) Adaptation, Dissemination and Implementation; 3) Recruitment and Retention; and 4) Assessment and Analysis. DISCUSSION Representing a new generation of RCTs, AMPLIFI will exclusively use remote technologies to recruit, intervene and assess the efficacy of the newly-adapted, web-based diet and exercise interventions and determine whether sequential or combined delivery works best for at-risk (older, rural, racial minority) cancer survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT04000880 . Registered 27 June 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dori Pekmezi
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA.
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Kevin Fontaine
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Laura Q Rogers
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Maria Pisu
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Michelle Y Martin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yu-Mei Schoenberger-Godwin
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert A Oster
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kelly Kenzik
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Maintenance of Exercise Habit and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Previously Sedentary People: A 7-Year Follow-Up. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 30:1038-1046. [PMID: 35461189 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess whether the level of physical activity in daily life in previously sedentary adults had been sustained 7 years beyond a 1-year supervised walking program. One hundred ten participants (63 females, 57.5 ± 8.4 years; 47 males, 66.4 ± 7.9 years) were recalled and assessed for physical activity in daily life, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and walking speed. Fifty-nine percentage of the participants measured met and exceeded the World Health Organization physical activity guidelines (Group 1), while 41% did not (Group 2). In both groups, we observed a significant decrease of weight (72.0 ± 14.0 kg vs. 69.7 ± 14.0 kg in Group 1; 77.4 ± 19.5 kg vs. 75.4 ± 18.6 kg in Group 2) and body mass index (25.9 ± 3.7 vs. 25.1 ± 3.9 in Group 1; 27.9 ± 5.6 vs. 27.2 ± 5.4 in Group 2). Group 1 showed a significant increase in walking speed (5.8 ± 0.7 km/hr vs. 6.2 ± 0.8 km/hr), while systolic pressure did not change from the baseline. In Group 2, systolic pressure significantly increased (131.3 ± 13.5 mmHg vs. 138.0 ± 15.5 mmHg), while walking speed did not change. A guided walking program seems to have been effective in educating sedentary people to remain physically active over time.
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He L, Wang J, Wang F, Zhang L, Liu Y, Xu F. Depression symptoms and quality of life in empty-nest elderly among Chengdu: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1003261. [PMID: 36424995 PMCID: PMC9679215 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1003261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of depression symptoms and quality of life (QoL) and examined the influence of factors in the empty nest elderly. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted from February 2022 to May 2022. We recruited a convenience sample of no empty-nest elderly and empty-nest elderly (≥60 years) living in Chengdu. QoL was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to assess depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze data between independent variables with depression symptoms. RESULTS Two thousand twenty-six participants were included in this study, 39.0% (660/1,082) experienced depression symptoms among empty-nest elderly. Age (aOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; P = 0.046), chronic disease≥2 (aOR, 3.29; 95% CI, 2.50-4.33; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risk of depression symptoms, and physical activity (aOR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40-0.87; P = 0.008), physical health (aOR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99; P = 0.026), psychological health (aOR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98; P = 0.013), and total score (aOR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99; P < 0.001) were associated with decreased risk of depression symptoms among empty-nest elderly. CONCLUSIONS Depression symptoms are common mental health problems among empty-nest elderly. We found that age, chronic disease ≥2 and physical activity were important factors that have an impact on depressive symptoms. Empty-nest elderly would have lowered QoL score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanying He
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinglin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Marthammuthu T, Hairi FM, Choo WY, Salleh NAM, Hairi NN. A Qualitative Investigation on the Roles of Social Support on Physical Activity Behaviour among the Rural-Dwelling Older Women in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9609. [PMID: 34574533 PMCID: PMC8464948 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite many health benefits of physical activities, both physically and mentally, the majority of the older women in the rural areas of Malaysia are showing a low prevalence of physical activities. Understanding the roles of social support to improve physical activities is imperative to promote active and healthy ageing among the rural-dwelling older women in Malaysia. Hence, this qualitative study adopted an inductive design using 17 in-depth interviews to understand the role of social support on physical activity behaviour among the rural community-dwelling older woman in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia from December 2019 to January 2020. Three categories of themes were identified in this study. Firstly, adaptive social support in terms of informational, companionship and emotional supports reported enhancing physical activity levels among older women. Secondly, the absence of help and assistance from the social network asserts independence and triggers the older women to perform the activities by themselves, thus engage in physically active lifestyles. Thirdly, lacking social support demotivate older women to be engaged in physical activities. In particular, loss of companionship support, poor acceptance or appraisal support, logistic issues to attend exercise programmes and neighbourhood safety and security issues were among the main barriers of physical activities reported by the older women. The main findings of this study shed some light on the exigency of strengthening social support from the social network to engage the older women in physical activities. The roles of social media, effective patient-doctor communication and interventions targeting the spouses and family members must be strengthened to create a supportive atmosphere to enhance physical activity levels among older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaneswaran Marthammuthu
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.Y.C.); (N.A.M.S.); (N.N.H.)
- Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia
| | - Farizah Mohd Hairi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.Y.C.); (N.A.M.S.); (N.N.H.)
| | - Wan Yuen Choo
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.Y.C.); (N.A.M.S.); (N.N.H.)
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohd Salleh
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.Y.C.); (N.A.M.S.); (N.N.H.)
| | - Noran Naqiah Hairi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.Y.C.); (N.A.M.S.); (N.N.H.)
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya City 60115, Indonesia
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12
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Self-Efficacy, Outcome Expectations, Group Social Support, and Adherence to Physical Activity in African American Women. Nurs Res 2021; 70:239-247. [PMID: 33870956 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American women have lower levels of leisure time physical activity compared to White American women. Interventions to improve physical activity have mixed benefits for African American women, even when guided by theory. Understanding how theoretical constructs used in physical activity interventions relate to changing behavior may provide direction for more successful interventions. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine the relationships among social cognitive constructs (self-efficacy, social support from group behavioral meetings, outcome expectations/realizations), and change in physical activity from baseline to 48 weeks in African American women participating in a lifestyle physical activity program. METHODS A secondary data analysis of longitudinal data using a correlational design was conducted using data from a 48-week physical activity randomized controlled trial (RCT). The RCT included a group behavioral meeting component with one of three telephone intervention conditions (no calls, personal motivation calls, or automated motivational calls) randomly assigned across six community healthcare sites. The participants were 260 sedentary, midlife African American women with no major signs or symptoms of cardiovascular disease who completed baseline and 48-week assessments of the RCT. Measures included self-efficacy for change in overcoming barriers to physical activity at 24 weeks, physical and psychological outcome realizations at 24 weeks, social support from group behavioral meetings at 24 weeks, and physical activity (self-report and device-measured) change from baseline to 48 weeks. RESULTS In a hierarchical regression model predicting change in self-reported time spent in weekly moderate-vigorous physical activity at 48 weeks, psychological outcome realizations at 24 weeks were significant positive predictors. In a hierarchical regression model for change in device-measured daily steps at 48 weeks, a self-efficacy change at 24 weeks was a significant positive predictor. DISCUSSION Attention should be given to increasing self-efficacy to overcome physical activity barriers and achieve self-identified physical and psychological outcomes in physical activity programs.
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Gujral UP, Kanaya AM. Epidemiology of diabetes among South Asians in the United States: lessons from the MASALA study. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1495:24-39. [PMID: 33216378 PMCID: PMC8134616 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
South Asian individuals in the United States are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM); however, the mechanisms behind this are not well understood. The Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study is the only longitudinal cohort of South Asians in the United States and provides key insights as to the epidemiology of T2DM in South Asians. Evidence from the MASALA study suggests that South Asians experience a disproportionately high burden of prevalent and incident T2DM compared with members of other race/ethnic groups. Higher insulin resistance in South Asians, even with low body mass index (BMI), more impairment in insulin secretion, and greater deposition of ectopic fat likely play a role in T2DM etiology. Furthermore, South Asian migrants to the United States experience a range of factors related to acculturation, social networks, and religious beliefs, which may impact physical activity and dietary practices. Interventions to prevent T2DM in South Asians should include a focus on cultural factors related to health and should consider the complete mechanistic pathway and the relative contributions of insulin resistance, β cell dysfunction, and ectopic fat deposition on T2DM development in South Asians, particularly in those with lower BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unjali P. Gujral
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Alka M. Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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14
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Testing the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic, with Partial Least Squares Second-Order Latent Constructs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126398. [PMID: 34199185 PMCID: PMC8296221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We tested the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) framework on Romanian students in order to identify actionable determinants to support participation in physical activity. Our sample consisted of 665 responses to an online survey, with participants aged 18-23 (mean = 19 years); 70% were women. We used the partial least squares algorithm to estimate the relationships between students' behavior and possible predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that all the theoretical dimensions of YPAP (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing) have a positive and significant impact on physical activity, with two mediating mechanisms expressed as predisposing factors: able and worth. Unlike previous research, we used second-order latent constructs, unveiling a particular structure for the enabling dimension that only includes sport competence, fitness and skills, but not the environmental factors.
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15
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Mendoza-Vasconez AS, Arredondo EM, Larsen B, Crespo N, Hurst S, Marcus BH. Lapse, Relapse, and Recovery in Physical Activity Interventions for Latinas: a Survival Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2021; 28:540-551. [PMID: 33415695 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) research extensively focuses on initiation of PA, yet lapse and relapse among PA intervention participants are less well understood, particularly among minority populations such as Latinas in the USA. This study aimed to (1) determine the probability of lapse during two PA interventions for Latinas; (2) assess demographic, psychosocial, and environmental predictors of the amount of time until first lapse; and (3) identify factors predictive of lapse recovery. METHODS Data from 176 Latina intervention participants were pooled. Survival functions and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to illustrate probability of lapse. Cox proportional hazard models assessed predictors of time to lapse. Logistic regressions identified predictors of lapse recovery. RESULTS The probability of lapse after 1 month of starting to exercise was 18%, escalating to 34% after 4 months. Predictors of earlier lapse included various psychosocial constructs (i.e., self-efficacy and various processes of change), but none of the measured environmental factors, and only one demographic factor (≥ 2 children under 18). Increased use of consciousness raising at 2 months was associated with lower likelihood of lapse recovery, yet use of behavioral processes of change at 6 months was associated with higher likelihood of recovery. CONCLUSIONS Lapsing may not be pre-determined by demographic and environmental characteristics. On the other hand, skills that can be learned through interventions, such as skills to improve self-efficacy, seem important in the delay or prevention of lapses. Results pertaining to lapse recovery are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Mendoza-Vasconez
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Rd, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA. .,School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. .,Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA.
| | - Elva M Arredondo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Britta Larsen
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Noe Crespo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Samantha Hurst
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Bess H Marcus
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121, South Main Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
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Stewart AL, Magnani JW, Barinas-Mitchell E, Matthews KA, El Khoudary SR, Jackson EA, Brooks MM. Social Role Stress, Reward, and the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e017489. [PMID: 33302752 PMCID: PMC7955397 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Most women occupy multiple social roles during midlife. Perceived stress and rewards from these roles may influence health behaviors and risk factors. This study examined whether social role stress and reward were associated with the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 in a cohort of midlife women in the United States. Methods and Results Women (n=2764) rated how stressful and rewarding they perceived their social roles during cohort follow-up (age range, 42-61 years). Body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, physical activity, diet, and smoking were assessed multiple times. All components were collected at the fifth study visit for 1694 women (mean age, 51 years). Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used in analyses of the number of ideal components and the odds of achieving the ideal level of each component, respectively. Longitudinal analyses using all available data from follow-up visits were conducted. At the fifth visit, more stressful and less rewarding social roles were associated with fewer ideal cardiovascular factors. Higher average stress was associated with lower odds of any component of a healthy diet and an ideal blood pressure. Higher rewards were associated with greater odds of ideal physical activity and nonsmoking. Longitudinal analyses produced consistent results; moreover, there was a significant relationship between greater stress and lower odds of ideal glucose and body mass index. Conclusions Perceived stress and rewards from social roles may influence cardiovascular risk factors in midlife women. Considering social role qualities may be important for improving health behaviors and risk factors in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA
| | - Jared W Magnani
- Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA
| | - Emma Barinas-Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA
| | - Karen A Matthews
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA.,Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA
| | - Samar R El Khoudary
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA
| | - Elizabeth A Jackson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Maria M Brooks
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA
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Trolle Lagerros Y, Dahlgren A, Sjöblom L, Bonn SE. Digital Support for Healthier Eating Habits Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial Within Primary Care (HAPPY Trial). JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e24422. [PMID: 33196448 PMCID: PMC7704281 DOI: 10.2196/24422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the large impact that dietary habits have in the management of diabetes, few tools for supporting healthy eating habits are available for persons with diabetes. Objective The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a 12-week, mobile health (mHealth), app-based intervention promoting healthy eating habits among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods The HAPPY (Healthy eating using APP technologY) trial is a randomized clinical trial with two arms aiming to include 200 patients, 18 years of age or older, with type 2 diabetes. Both women and men are eligible for inclusion. Study participants are randomized 1:1 to an intervention group, where they are instructed to use a smartphone app promoting healthy eating, or to a control group, where they receive standard primary care only, for a period of 12 weeks. Each week a new topic (eg, vegetable intake) is introduced via the app. After an introduction text, the user is given a topic-related activity to perform (eg, eat one additional serving of vegetables per day during that week). The app records daily progress and sends automatic reminders or feedback to the user. Dietary intake, body composition, clinical variables, and biomarkers are measured at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. An extensive web-based questionnaire comprising several validated questionnaires assessing a number of lifestyle factors is distributed via email at baseline and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups; lifestyle factors include, for example, sleep, physical activity, eating behavior, and health-related quality of life. The effect of the intervention on dietary intake (primary outcome) and on glycated hemoglobin and blood lipid levels, body composition, blood pressure, other lifestyle factors, and overall health (secondary outcomes) will be assessed. Results Data collection is ongoing. Recruitment of participants started in January 2019. Findings from the study are expected to be published by the end of 2021. Conclusions Technology development provides new ways to promote and support long-term adherence to healthier eating habits. mHealth-based approaches allow for real-time interaction and the delivery of an intervention at any time. Further, focusing on overall diet allows the user to apply new knowledge to current eating patterns, creating an individualized approach. In this study, we evaluate the effect of using a new smartphone app promoting healthy eating habits on dietary intake, clinical markers, and lifestyle factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03784612; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03784612 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/24422
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Trolle Lagerros
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Center for Obesity, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Dahlgren
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Linnea Sjöblom
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Stephanie E Bonn
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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18
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Finkelstein EA, Lim RSM, Ward DS, Evenson KR. Leveraging family dynamics to increase the effectiveness of incentives for physical activity: the FIT-FAM randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:113. [PMID: 32912260 PMCID: PMC7488241 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity is a global public health concern. Research indicates incentives can increase physical activity levels of children but has not tested whether incentives targeted at children can be leveraged to increase physical activity levels of their parents. This study evaluates whether a novel incentive design linking children's incentives to both their and their parent's physical activity levels can increase parent's physical activity. METHODS We conducted a two-arm, parallel, open-labelled randomized controlled trial in Singapore where parent-child dyads were randomly assigned to either (1) rewards to child contingent on child's physical activity (child-based) or (2) rewards to child contingent on both child's and parent's physical activity (family-based). Parents had to be English-speaking, computer-literate, non-pregnant, full-time employees, aged 25-65 years, and with a participating child aged 7-11 years. Parent-child dyads were randomized within strata (self-reported low vs high weekly physical activity) into study arms in a 1:1 ratio. Participants were given activity trackers to assess daily steps. The outcome of interest was the between-arm difference in the change from baseline in parent's mean steps/day measured by accelerometry at months 6 and 12 (primary endpoint). RESULTS Overall, 159 and 157 parent-child dyads were randomized to the child-based or family-based arms, respectively. Outcomes were evaluated on an intent-to-treat basis. At month 6, there was a 613 steps/day (95% CI: 54-1171) differential in favour of family-based parents. At month 12, our primary endpoint, the differential was reduced to 369 steps/day (95% CI: - 88-1114) and was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that novel incentive designs that take advantage of group dynamics may be effective. However, in this design, the effectiveness of the family-based incentive to increase parent's physical activity was not sustained through one year. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02516345 (ClinicalTrials.gov) registered on August 5, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Andrew Finkelstein
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Robyn Su May Lim
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Dianne Stanton Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard #7426, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard #7426, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-8050, USA
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Schehl B, Leukel J. Associations between individual factors, environmental factors, and outdoor independence in older adults. Eur J Ageing 2020; 17:291-298. [PMID: 32904714 PMCID: PMC7458989 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-020-00553-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The degree to which individuals can accomplish outdoor activity by themselves or require support is an important facet of successful aging. While prior research focuses on participation in outdoor activity, understanding of older adults' outdoor independence is limited. We adopt an ecological approach to examine the role of individual factors and environmental factors in explaining outdoor independence. Our sample comprised older adults aged 65 + living in a medium-sized city in Germany (N = 1070). The results show that being male, younger, and healthier was positively associated with outdoor independence, while living together was not. Further, outdoor independence decreased with higher levels of perceived environmental barriers. This negative association was moderated such that it was stronger for the less healthy and older participants. Based on our empirical findings, we offer insights for policy makers, urban planners, and community groups to design age-friendly communities and consequently facilitate outdoor independence among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schehl
- Institute for Health Care and Public Management, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Schwerzstraße 35, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joerg Leukel
- Institute for Health Care and Public Management, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Schwerzstraße 35, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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20
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Cho D, Basen-Engquist K, Acquati C, Ma H, Pettaway C, Li Y, Diep CS, McNeill LH. Study protocol: a lifestyle intervention for African American and Hispanic prostate cancer survivors on active surveillance and their partners. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:111. [PMID: 32782817 PMCID: PMC7414583 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in both African American and Hispanic men. Active surveillance is a treatment option for low- or very low-risk prostate cancer survivors, and lifestyle interventions have been found to reduce the disease progression and improve the quality of life for both survivors and their partners. To date, no lifestyle interventions that specifically target African American or Hispanic men and their partners exist. This protocol describes a study that tests the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial, a lifestyle intervention developed to enhance healthy lifestyle and quality of life among African American and Hispanic men on active surveillance and their partners. Methods A mixed-method study, including a two-arm randomized controlled trial (n = 30 dyads in the intervention arm and n = 10 dyads in the control arm) and in-depth interviews, will be conducted. Intervention arm participants will receive bi-weekly health coaching calls (a total of 12 calls based on Motivational Interviewing), as well as physical activity-specific (e.g., power point slides, print materials about physical activity, and activity trackers for self-monitoring) and nutrition-specific education (e.g., two nutrition counseling sessions from a registered dietitian, print materials about nutrition, and food intake recording for self-monitoring) over 6 months. All participants will be assessed at baseline, month 3, and month 6. Blood will be collected at baseline and month 6 from the prostate cancer survivors. Finally, in-depth interviews will be conducted with subsamples (up to n = 15 dyads in the intervention arm and up to n = 5 dyads in the control arm) at baseline and months 3 and 6 to conduct a process evaluation and further refine the intervention. Discussion If effective, the intervention may have a higher health impact compared with a typical lifestyle intervention targeting only survivors (or partners), as it improves both survivors’ (tertiary prevention) and partners’ health (primary prevention). Results from this study will provide important information regarding recruiting racial/ethnic minority cancer survivors and their partners. Lessons learned from this study will be used to apply for a large-scale grant to test the impact of the dyadic intervention in a fully powered sample. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT No. 03575832) registered on 3 July 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalnim Cho
- Department of Health Disparities Research, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, 9th floor, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Karen Basen-Engquist
- Department of Behavioral Science, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Chiara Acquati
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hilary Ma
- Department of General Oncology, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Curtis Pettaway
- Department of Urology, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Yisheng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | | | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, UT Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, 9th floor, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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Self-Efficacy, Social-Support, and Physical Activity Measures Among Hospital Employees: A Multisite Cross-Sectional Study. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:548-556. [PMID: 32272452 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Associations across self-efficacy, social support, and multiple measures of physical activity (PA) have not been thoroughly explored in hospital employees. METHODS Validated surveys assessed psychosocial factors; the IPAQ-long assessed PA, and mixed-effects analyses examined relations between psychosocial variables and PA in 920 employees from 6 Texas hospitals. RESULTS At P <.05, self-efficacy was significantly associated with light (β = 1.67), moderate (β = 1.63), and vigorous (β = 2.78) leisure PA; with domestic PA (β = 1.64); and with moderate commute PA (β = 0.03). At P < .05, family social-support was significantly associated with light (β = 0.94), moderate (β = 0.63), and vigorous (β = .74) leisure PA; with moderate (β = 0.46) and vigorous (β = 1.24) occupation PA; with light (β = 0.58) and moderate (β = 0.20) commute PA; and with domestic PA (β = 1.18). At P < .05, social support from friends was significantly associated with light (β = 0.74), moderate (β = 0.58), and vigorous (β = .91) leisure PA; with moderate commute (β = 0.21); and with domestic PA (β = 0.82). CONCLUSION Interventions must emphasize self-efficacy-building strategies and the role of family support to meaningfully impact PA behaviors in this unique population.
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22
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Kieu C, Behforooz S, Wong N. Social isolation and cardiovascular health in US adults. SCRIPTA MEDICA 2020. [DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed51-24593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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23
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Soto SH, Callahan LF, Bahorski S, Altpeter M, Hales DP, Phillips A, Carthron D, Rini C. The Role of Cohabitating Partner and Relationship Characteristics on Physical Activity among Individuals with Osteoarthritis. Int J Behav Med 2019; 26:522-530. [PMID: 31313250 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-019-09806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most individuals with knee or hip osteoarthritis do not meet recommendations for physical activity. The Social Cognitive Theory suggests that the social environment (e.g., spouses/partners) may influence the physical activity of individuals with osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the physical activity of insufficiently active, coupled adults with osteoarthritis was associated with received partner support for physical activity, partner's engagement in physical activity, and relationship satisfaction. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 169 couples were collected. Accelerometers estimated moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and daily steps for participants with osteoarthritis and their partners. Participants with osteoarthritis reported total received partner support for physical activity and relationship satisfaction. RESULTS Participants with osteoarthritis were on average 65 years old, 65% female, 86% non-Hispanic white, and 47% retired. Receiving total partner support more frequently was associated with more minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity but not with steps. Relationship satisfaction moderated the association of partner's physical activity on the daily steps of individuals with osteoarthritis such that having a partner who accomplished more daily steps was associated with participants with osteoarthritis accomplishing more daily steps themselves when they reported greater relationship satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Partners and relationship satisfaction may play an important role in the physical activity of individuals with osteoarthritis. Interventions seeking to increase physical activity in this population may be enhanced by promoting partner support. Additional research is needed to further explain these associations within the context of relationship satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra H Soto
- Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, UNC, Carrington Hall, S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Thurston Arthritis Research Center, 3300 Thurston Bldg., CB# 7280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Leigh F Callahan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, 3300 Thurston Bldg., CB# 7280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Medicine, UNC, 125 MacNider Hall, Campus Box #7005, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie Bahorski
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, 3300 Thurston Bldg., CB# 7280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mary Altpeter
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, 3300 Thurston Bldg., CB# 7280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Derek P Hales
- Gillings School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, UNC, 170 Rosenau Hall, CB#7400, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ashley Phillips
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Road, DUMC 3096, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Dana Carthron
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Christine Rini
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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Byeon H. Relationship between Physical Activity Level and Depression of Elderly People Living Alone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16204051. [PMID: 31652619 PMCID: PMC6843978 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16204051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Only a few studies analyzed the physical activity level of elderly people living alone in local communities and evaluated the relationship between it and mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between regular physical activity and depression in the elderly living alone and to provide basic data for the prevention of depression in the elderly. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 256 elderly people living alone aged 65 years or older who completed the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression was defined as a score of 10 or higher using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). This study investigated walking per week, days of muscular strength exercise performance in the past 1 week, days of flexibility exercise in the past 1 week, mean hours in a sitting position per day, the numbers of days and hours conducting a high intensity physical activity in the past 1 week, and numbers of days and hours conducting a medium intensity physical activity in the past 1 week to define physical activity. Our study presented prevalence odds ratios (pOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) by using complex sample logistic regression analysis in order to identify the relationship between physical activity and depression. Results: The results of complex sample logistic regression analysis showed that flexibility exercise was significantly related to depression (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the mean hours in a sitting position per day, aerobic physical activity, walking, and muscular strength exercise were not significantly related to geriatric depression. Conclusions: The results of our study implied that persistent flexibility exercise might be more effective to maintain a healthy mental status than muscular strength exercise. A longitudinal study is required to prove the causal relationship between physical activity and depression in the old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haewon Byeon
- Department of Speech Language Pathology, School of Public Health, Honam University, 417, Eodeung-daero, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju 62399, Korea.
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Alessi SM, Rash CJ, Pescatello LS. Reinforcing exercise to improve drug abuse treatment outcomes: A randomized controlled study in a substance use disorder outpatient treatment setting. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2019; 34:52-64. [PMID: 31599603 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Exercise holds potential to reduce substance use, but engaging patients in exercise regimens is challenging. Contingency management (CM) interventions can directly address adherence by targeting initiation and maintenance of exercise behavior. This study evaluated the efficacy of a CM-reinforced exercise intervention as an adjunct to standard outpatient substance use disorder treatment. Participants were 120 patients with substance use disorders who were randomly assigned to standard care with CM for completing exercise goals or CM for completing general nonexercise goals weekly for a 4-month treatment period. Urine samples were tested for evidence of illicit substance use up to twice a week during treatment and at follow-ups through month 12. Results found that the CM-exercise condition demonstrated during-treatment improvements on several physical activity and relevant psychosocial functioning indices (e.g., self-efficacy for exercise). The CM-exercise condition had no advantage relative to the CM-general condition in decreasing substance use. Overall, this study adds to a small body of well-powered trials assessing effects of exercise interventions as adjunct treatment for substance use disorders and finds no benefit over an alternate CM approach in terms of drug abstinence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M Alessi
- Department of Medicine and the Calhoun Cardiology Center - Behavioral Health Division
| | - Carla J Rash
- Department of Medicine and the Calhoun Cardiology Center - Behavioral Health Division
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Golaszewski NM, Bartholomew JB. The Development of the Physical Activity and Social Support Scale. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 41:215-229. [PMID: 31461243 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests 5 forms of social support: companionship, emotional, informational, instrumental, and validation. Despite this, existing measures of social support for physical activity are limited to emotional, companionship, and instrumental support. The purpose was to develop the Physical Activity and Social Support Scale (PASSS) with subscales that reflected all 5 forms. Participants (N = 506, mean age = 34.3 yr) who were active at least twice per week completed a 235-item questionnaire assessing physical activity behaviors, social support for physical activity, general social support, and other psychosocial questions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to develop and validate the PASSS. Exploratory factor analysis supported a 5-factor, 20-item model, χ2(100) = 146.22, p < .05, root mean square error of approximation = .05. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit, Satorra–Bentler χ2(143) = 199.57, p < .001, root mean square error of approximation = .04, comparative-fit index = .97, standardized root mean square residual = .06. Findings support the PASSS to measure all 5 forms for physical activity.
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Walker TJ, Heredia NI, Reininger BM. Examining the Validity, Reliability, and Measurement Invariance of the Social Support for Exercise Scale among Spanish- and English- language Hispanics. HISPANIC JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2019; 41:427-443. [PMID: 32536744 PMCID: PMC7291866 DOI: 10.1177/0739986319854144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Social Support for Exercise Subscales are commonly used among Hispanic populations. The aims of this study were to test the validity and reliability of the Spanish-language version of the Social Support for Exercise Subscales, and test the invariance of the Spanish- and English-language versions. Data were from a subsample of Hispanic adults in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (n=1,447). A series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models were used to assess the validity and reliability of the Spanish-language version of the subscales. A multi group CFA approach was used to test measurement invariance. Results indicated the Spanish-language versions of family and friend support subscales had good validity and reliability (RMSEA<.07, CFI>0.95, TLI>0.94, and SRMR<0.05). There was also evidence of measurement invariance between the Spanish- and English-language versions. These findings indicate the Spanish-language family and friend support subscales are valid and can be compared between Spanish- and English-language Hispanic respondents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Walker
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research
| | - Natalia I Heredia
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Health Disparities Research, Houston TX
| | - Belinda M Reininger
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville Regional Campus, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville TX
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Salvatore AL, Noonan CJ, Williams MB, Wetherill MS, Jacob T, Cannady TK, Standridge J, Grammar M, Fox J, Wiley A, Spiegel J, Jernigan VBB. Social Support and Physical Activity Among American Indians in Oklahoma: Results From a Community-based Participatory Research Study. J Rural Health 2019; 35:374-384. [PMID: 30353951 PMCID: PMC6482099 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the contribution of social support to physical activity (PA) behavior among American Indians (AIs). This community-based participatory research study examined the prevalence of and associations between different types of PA social support and PA among AIs in rural Oklahoma. METHODS Our tribal-academic partnership surveyed AI adults (N = 513) living within the tribal jurisdictional areas of 2 tribal nations. We used the Physical Activity Social Support (PASS) scale to assess 3 types of PA social support and Poisson regression to investigate associations between PASS types and self-reported PA behavior. FINDINGS Over a third of participants perceived high levels of PA social support from friends (37%), family (35%), and overall (34%), yet only 29% reported regular PA (ie, 150 minutes or more weekly). Participants who exercised with pets/other were significantly more likely to achieve regular PA than those who exercised alone (PR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9). Although not significant, compared with those reporting no/low support, participants with high friend PASS (PR 1.2, 95%: CI 0.9-1.6), medium family PASS (PR 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.7), and overall PASS (PR 1.1, 95% CI: 0.8-1.6) were more likely to report regular PA. CONCLUSIONS The majority of participants did not meet current recommendations for PA behavior, which underscores the ongoing need for PA effective interventions among AIs living in rural areas. Results suggest that exercising with pets/other could be an important factor for future intervention. Further research is needed to elucidate determinants of PA and test interventions to increase PA among AIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia L. Salvatore
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Carolyn J. Noonan
- Initiative for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Mary B. Williams
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Marianna S. Wetherill
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tvli Jacob
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Tamela K. Cannady
- Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma Health Services Authority, Talihina, Oklahoma
| | - Joy Standridge
- Chickasaw Nation Nutrition Services Department, Ada, Oklahoma
| | - Mandy Grammar
- Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma Health Services Authority, Talihina, Oklahoma
| | - Jill Fox
- Chickasaw Nation Nutrition Services Department, Ada, Oklahoma
| | - Andina Wiley
- Chickasaw Nation Nutrition Services Department, Ada, Oklahoma
| | | | - Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Public Health, Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Social support, loneliness, eating, and activity among parent-adolescent dyads. J Behav Med 2019; 42:1015-1028. [PMID: 31093807 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-019-00041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations of social support and loneliness with eating and activity among parent-adolescent dyads (N = 2968) using actor-partner interdependence modeling. Loneliness had several actor associations with health behaviors (adolescents: less physical activity [PA], p < .001, more sedentariness, p < .001; parents: less fruit/vegetable consumption [FVC], p = .029, more hedonic food consumption [HFC], p = .002, and sedentariness, p < .001), but only one dyadic association (adolescent loneliness with less parent FVC, p = .039). Visible support was associated with less HFC, p < .001, and sedentariness, p < .001, but less FVC, p = .008, among adolescents. Invisible support was associated with less HFC, p = .003, but also less PA, p = .028, among adolescents. Both support types were associated with less HFC among parents, p < .001, but invisible support was also associated with less FVC, p = .029, and PA, p = .012, and more sedentariness, p = .013, among parents. When examining health behavior among parents and adolescents, it may be important to consider social support (but perhaps not loneliness) at a dyadic level.
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Zhou X, Krishnan A. What Predicts Exercise Maintenance and Well-Being? Examining The Influence of Health-Related Psychographic Factors and Social Media Communication. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:589-597. [PMID: 29373041 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1428851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Habitual exercising is an important precursor to both physical and psychological well-being. There is, thus, a strong interest in identifying key factors that can best motivate individuals to sustain regular exercise regimen. In addition to the importance of psychographic factors, social media use may act as external motivator by allowing users to interact and communicate about exercise. In this study, we examined the influence of health consciousness, health-oriented beliefs, intrinsic motivation, as willingness to communicate about health on social media, social media activity on exercise, and online social support on exercise maintenance and well-being on a sample of 532 American adults. Employing structural equation modeling, we found that health-oriented beliefs mediated the effect of health consciousness on intrinsic motivation which in turn was a significant predictor of exercise maintenance. Exercise maintenance significantly predicted both physical and psychological well-being. Extrinsic motivators, as measured by willingness to communicate about health on social media, social media activity on exercise, and online social support did not however significantly influence exercise maintenance. These findings have implications for the design and implementation of exercise-promoting interventions by identifying underlying factors that influence exercise maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- a Department of Communication , University at Albany, State University of New York
| | - Archana Krishnan
- a Department of Communication , University at Albany, State University of New York
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Kononova A, Li L, Kamp K, Bowen M, Rikard RV, Cotten S, Peng W. The Use of Wearable Activity Trackers Among Older Adults: Focus Group Study of Tracker Perceptions, Motivators, and Barriers in the Maintenance Stage of Behavior Change. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e9832. [PMID: 30950807 PMCID: PMC6473213 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.9832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wearable activity trackers offer the opportunity to increase physical activity through continuous monitoring. Viewing tracker use as a beneficial health behavior, we explored the factors that facilitate and hinder long-term activity tracker use, applying the transtheoretical model of behavior change with the focus on the maintenance stage and relapse. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate older adults’ perceptions and uses of activity trackers at different points of use: from nonuse and short-term use to long-term use and abandoned use to determine the factors to maintain tracker use and prevent users from discontinuing tracker usage. Methods Data for the research come from 10 focus groups. Of them, 4 focus groups included participants who had never used activity trackers (n=17). These focus groups included an activity tracker trial. The other 6 focus groups (without the activity tracker trial) were conducted with short-term (n=9), long-term (n=11), and former tracker users (n=11; 2 focus groups per user type). Results The results revealed that older adults in different tracker use stages liked and wished for different tracker features, with long-term users (users in the maintenance stage) being the most diverse and sophisticated users of the technology. Long-term users had developed a habit of tracker use whereas other participants made an effort to employ various encouragement strategies to ensure behavior maintenance. Social support through collaboration was the primary motivator for long-term users to maintain activity tracker use. Short-term and former users focused on competition, and nonusers engaged in vicarious tracker use experiences. Former users, or those who relapsed by abandoning their trackers, indicated that activity tracker use was fueled by curiosity in quantifying daily physical activity rather than the desire to increase physical activity. Long-term users saw a greater range of pros in activity tracker use whereas others focused on the cons of this behavior. Conclusions The results suggest that activity trackers may be an effective technology to encourage physical activity among older adults, especially those who have never tried it. However, initial positive response to tracker use does not guarantee tracker use maintenance. Maintenance depends on recognizing the long-term benefits of tracker use, social support, and internal motivation. Nonadoption and relapse may occur because of technology’s limitations and gaining awareness of one’s physical activity without changing the physical activity level itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kononova
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kendra Kamp
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marie Bowen
- Center for Innovation and Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - R V Rikard
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shelia Cotten
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Bailey RR. Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation, Social Support, and Outcomes Expectations for Daily Physical Activity in Adults with Chronic Stroke: A Descriptive, Exploratory Study. Occup Ther Health Care 2019; 33:129-141. [PMID: 30648475 PMCID: PMC6527467 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2018.1558326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interventions are needed to increase physical activity throughout the day in adults with chronic stroke, but mechanisms of action for doing so have not been identified. In this descriptive, exploratory study of 36 ambulatory, community-dwelling adults with chronic stroke, participants completed questionnaires investigating self-efficacy, self-regulation, social support, and outcomes expectations for daily physical activity. In the absence of any intervention, participants consistently reported high self-efficacy and outcomes expectations but low use of self-regulation and social support strategies. Discussion of how these results can inform the development of interventions to facilitate daily physical activity in adults with chronic stroke is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Bailey
- a Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis , Missouri , USA
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A multilevel approach for promoting physical activity in rural communities: a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:126. [PMID: 30700262 PMCID: PMC6354358 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) has demonstrated a decreased risk in various cancers and other chronic diseases; however, rural residents are less likely to attain recommended levels of PA compared to urban and suburban counterparts. Given rural residents make up 15% of the United States population, there is a need for novel approaches to increase PA among this population. The goal of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of a multilevel intervention to increase PA rates among rural residents. Methods/design Guided by an ecological framework, a group-randomized design will be used to evaluate the effects of a three-level intervention for increasing PA among adult residents residing in 6 rural communities (n = 600) along with 6 control communities (n = 600). The intervention includes components at the individual (short message service [SMS] text messages), interpersonal (social support in walking groups), and community levels (events at existing trails). Innovative methods to encourage participation will be employed as well as a focus on life priorities (family, recreation, hobbies) other than health. Aim 1 includes a literature review and key informant interviews to determine the local contexts for intervention adaptation. Aim 2 will employ a set of interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and community-levels to evaluate their impact on moderate-to-vigorous PA as measured by self-reported (telephone survey) and objectively assessed (accelerometry) measures. These data are supplemented by location based on Global Positioning System and community audits, which provide information on recreational amenities, programs/policies, and street segments. Discussion This study is among the first of its kind to test a multilevel intervention in a rural setting, address life priorities that compliment health outcomes, and examine moderation between behavioral interventions and the natural environments where people are physically active. Our results will influence the field by enhancing the ability to scale-up innovative, PA interventions with the potential to reach high-risk, rural populations. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT03683173, September 25, 2018.
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Turk MT, Kalarchian MA, Nolfi DA, Fapohunda A. Prevention and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity Among African Immigrant Populations: A Systematic Review of the Literature. ANNUAL REVIEW OF NURSING RESEARCH 2018; 37:161-186. [PMID: 30692156 DOI: 10.1891/0739-6686.37.1.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Portacio FG, Botero P, St George SM, Stoutenberg M. Informing the Adaptation and Implementation of a Lifestyle Modification Program in Hispanics: A Qualitative Study Among Low-Income Hispanic Adults. HISPANIC HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL 2018; 16:204-212. [PMID: 30426783 DOI: 10.1177/1540415318808831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-income Hispanics are a hard to reach population that face unique challenges in achieving behavior change. Understanding such challenges can inform the adaptation of lifestyle behavioral interventions and increase participant engagement. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to (1) inform lifestyle modification programs focused on improving the physical activity and healthy eating of low-income Hispanic adults and (2) explore potential gender differences necessary for consideration. Five gender-specific focus groups were conducted with Hispanic adults from a free community clinic (n = 45, 64% women, 53.1 ± 10.1 years). Sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using a general inductive approach. The qualitative software program Dedoose was used to perform a content analysis. Emergent themes included topics of interest, methods of increasing engagement in healthy behaviors, and the delivery of lifestyle modification programs. Men expressed greater interest in physical activity, while women desired to learn about healthy eating. Men described the importance of physician communication, while women focused on the role of social support as facilitators for participating in such programs. Both genders described education as key to behavior change and viewed text messaging as a valuable complement. Results from this study can inform the adaptation of lifestyle modification programs and increase the engagement of low-income Hispanic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francia G Portacio
- University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Stoutenberg
- University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, TN, USA
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Brewer SE, Nicotera N, Veeh C, Laser-Maira JA. Predictors of positive development in first-year college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2018; 66:720-730. [PMID: 29447616 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1440567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging adulthood is an important phase in the transition to adulthood. Emerging adults experience minimal social control and incomplete development of executive functioning leaving this age-group at risk for misusing this newfound independence. Hence, it is important to understand pathways to support positive development (PD) outcomes. In this study, we examined the relationship between participation in civically engaged learning and PD among first-year college students. PARTICIPANTS First-year college students (N = 225) were surveyed during the 2012-2013 academic year. METHODS Students were surveyed on measures of PD and engaged learning prior to the beginning (initial survey) and at the end of the first year (final survey) of their undergraduate education. Stepwise linear regression was used to examine the influence of engaged learning on PD outcomes. RESULTS Engaged learning during the academic year predicted flourishing and students' civic frequency. Also, faith-affiliation and parents' civic frequency contributed to students' civic frequency. CONCLUSIONS Our interpretation of the findings suggests that engaged learning and family role modeling may promote PD among first-year undergraduate students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Brewer
- a University of Colorado Denver , Department of Family Medicine, ACCORDS , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Nicole Nicotera
- b University of Denver, Graduate School of Social Work , Denver , Colorado USA
| | - Chrisopher Veeh
- c University of Iowa, School of Social Work , Iowa City, Iowa , USA
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Smith G, Williams L, O’Donnell C, McKechnie J. A series of n-of-1 studies examining the interrelationships between social cognitive theory constructs and physical activity behaviour within individuals. Psychol Health 2018; 34:255-270. [PMID: 30295089 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1500576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Smith
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Lynn Williams
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Christopher O’Donnell
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Jim McKechnie
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
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Thomas PA, Lodge AC, Reczek C. Do Support and Strain With Adult Children Affect Mothers' and Fathers' Physical Activity? Res Aging 2018; 41:164-185. [PMID: 30099946 DOI: 10.1177/0164027518792904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is central to health. Parents tend to have lower levels of physical activity than the childless, however, little is known about how adult child-parent relationship quality matters for mothers' and fathers' physical activity trajectories. Nationally representative panel data from the Americans' Changing Lives survey (1986-2012) are used to analyze multilevel-ordered logistic regression models. Greater social support from adult children is associated with more frequent active exercise, and higher strain with adult children is related to more frequent active exercise and walking. A significant gender interaction suggests that strain with adult children is related to greater exercise among men more so than women, but this interaction is attenuated after adjusting for cigarette smoking, another gendered way of coping with stress. This study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how different dimensions of intergenerational relationships shape health behaviors across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Thomas
- 1 Department of Sociology, Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amy C Lodge
- 2 Texas Institute for Excellence in Mental Health, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Corinne Reczek
- 3 Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Marquez B, Norman G, Fowler J, Gans K, Marcus B. Egocentric networks and physical activity outcomes in Latinas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199139. [PMID: 29912935 PMCID: PMC6005572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite data linking the social environment to physical inactivity in Latinas, research on social network predictors of physical activity (PA) is limited. This study examined social network predictors of PA change in Latinas. METHODS Egocentric network data were collected from 102 adult Latinas (egos) participating in a randomized controlled PA intervention trial for underactive women. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was measured in minutes per week using the 7-Day PA Recall Interview and accelerometers at baseline and 12 months. Analyses characterized social network structure, composition, tie strength, homogeneity, and support for PA and determined the relationship between network characteristics and PA outcomes. RESULTS Networks had an average of four social ties (alters). Networks were high in density and transitivity and low in components, indicating high cohesion. Networks were primarily composed of females, Latinos, Spanish-speakers, and family members. Relationship ties were strong as evidenced by close living proximity, in-person contact, high emotional closeness, and long relationship duration. There was high homogeneity in demographics and PA behaviors. Multivariate analyses revealed that network size, familial ties, contact frequency, and ego-alter dissimilarities in age and running but similarities in walking, were associated with increased MVPA. Networks high in support for PA in the form of complimenting ego on exercise, taking over chores to allow ego to exercise, and co-participating with ego in exercise were also associated with greater MVPA. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to better understanding interpersonal processes that may influence behavior change in a group with especially low levels of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Marquez
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Greg Norman
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - James Fowler
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Kim Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Bess Marcus
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Flórez KR, Richardson AS, Ghosh-Dastidar M(B, Troxel W, DeSantis A, Colabianchi N, Dubowitz T. The power of social networks and social support in promotion of physical activity and body mass index among African American adults. SSM Popul Health 2018; 4:327-333. [PMID: 29854917 PMCID: PMC5976839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social support and social networks can elucidate important structural and functional aspects of social relationships that are associated with health-promoting behaviors, including Physical Activity (PA) and weight. A growing number of studies have investigated the relationship between social support, social networks, PA and obesity specifically among African Americans; however, the evidence is mixed and many studies focus exclusively on African American women. Most studies have also focused on either functional or structural aspects of social relationships (but not both) and few have objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and body mass index (BMI). Cross-sectional surveys of adult African American men and women living in two low-income predominantly African American neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, PA (N = 799) measured numerous structural features as well as functional aspects of social relationships. Specifically, structural features included social isolation, and social network size and diversity. Functional aspects included perceptions of social support for physical activity from the social network in general as well as from family and friends specifically. Height, weight, and PA were objectively measured. From these, we derived Body Mass Index (BMI) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). All regression models were stratified by gender, and included age, income, education, employment, marital status, physical limitations, and a neighborhood indicator. Greater social isolation was a significant predictor of lower BMI among men only. Among women only, social isolation was significantly associated with increased MVPA whereas, network diversity was significantly associated with reduced MVPA. Future research would benefit from in-depth qualitative investigations to understand how social networks may act to influence different types of physical activity among African Americans, as well as understand how they can be possible levers for health promotion and prevention. Contributes to research on the social environment and physical activity among African Americans. Social isolation was associated with lower BMI among men. Social isolation was associated with more physical activity among women. More social network diversity was associated with less physical activity among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen R. Flórez
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Wendy Troxel
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Amy DeSantis
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA
| | | | - Tamara Dubowitz
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Ward DS, Vaughn AE, Hales D, Viera AJ, Gizlice Z, Bateman LA, Grummon AH, Arandia G, Linnan LA. Workplace health and safety intervention for child care staff: Rationale, design, and baseline results from the CARE cluster randomized control trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2018; 68:116-126. [PMID: 29501740 PMCID: PMC5944351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-wage workers suffer disproportionately high rates of chronic disease and are important targets for workplace health and safety interventions. Child care centers offer an ideal opportunity to reach some of the lowest paid workers, but these settings have been ignored in workplace intervention studies. METHODS Caring and Reaching for Health (CARE) is a cluster-randomized controlled trial evaluating efficacy of a multi-level, workplace-based intervention set in child care centers that promotes physical activity and other health behaviors among staff. Centers are randomized (1:1) into the Healthy Lifestyles (intervention) or the Healthy Finances (attention control) program. Healthy Lifestyles is delivered over six months including a kick-off event and three 8-week health campaigns (magazines, goal setting, behavior monitoring, tailored feedback, prompts, center displays, director coaching). The primary outcome is minutes of moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA); secondary outcomes are health behaviors (diet, smoking, sleep, stress), physical assessments (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fitness), and workplace supports for health and safety. RESULTS In total, 56 centers and 553 participants have been recruited and randomized. Participants are predominately female (96.7%) and either Non-Hispanic African American (51.6%) or Non-Hispanic White (36.7%). Most participants (63.4%) are obese. They accumulate 17.4 (±14.2) minutes/day of MVPA and consume 1.3 (±1.4) and 1.3 (±0.8) servings/day of fruits and vegetables, respectively. Also, 14.2% are smokers; they report 6.4 (±1.4) hours/night of sleep; and 34.9% are high risk for depression. CONCLUSIONS Baseline data demonstrate several serious health risks, confirming the importance of workplace interventions in child care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne S Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 245 Rosenau Hall, CB 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.
| | - Amber E Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.
| | - Derek Hales
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 245 Rosenau Hall, CB 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.
| | - Anthony J Viera
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 590 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Ziya Gizlice
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.
| | - Lori A Bateman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.
| | - Anna H Grummon
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA.
| | - Gabriela Arandia
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA.
| | - Laura A Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA.
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Rogers C, Johnson J, Nueslein B, Edmunds D, Valdez RS. “I Love Fruit But I Can’t Afford It”: Using Participatory Action Research to Develop Community-Based Initiatives to Mitigate Challenges to Chronic Disease Management in an African American Community Living in Public Housing. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-0480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Serrano N, Perez LG, Carlson J, Patrick K, Kerr J, Holub C, Arredondo EM. Sub-population differences in the relationship between the neighborhood environment and Latinas' daily walking and vehicle time. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2018; 8:210-219. [PMID: 29911019 PMCID: PMC5999321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 60% of Latinas report not meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines of 150 minutes/week. Ecological models of health posit that intrapersonal and environmental factors interact with one another to influence physical activity. Understanding their interactions in relation to transportation behaviors may inform interventions to increase Latinas' physical activity. PURPOSE To 1) objectively estimate walking and vehicle time in Latinas, 2) examine the association of, and interactions between, intrapersonal (socio-demographics and weight status) and neighborhood environmental correlates with objective daily walking and vehicle time. METHODS A subsample of Latinas (n=87) participating in a health intervention wore an accelerometer and GPS device for at least two valid wear days at baseline. The Personal Activity Location and Measurement System (PALMS) software estimated daily walking and vehicle time. Participants' anthropometrics were measured, and they completed a survey assessing socio-demographic characteristics and perceived neighborhood environment. Generalized linear mixed models examined main effects and interactions of four intrapersonal and five environmental factors on daily walking and vehicle time. RESULTS On average, participants walked 16 min/day and spent 69 min/day in a vehicle. Overweight/obesity was negatively associated with walking time (p=.04) and positively associated with vehicle time (p=0.01). Household income was positively associated with vehicle time (p=0.02). For daily walking time, two interactions were significant: perceived access to destinations X household income (p=0.01), and perceived sidewalk maintenance X acculturation (p= 0.01). For daily vehicle time, two interactions were significant: perceived access to destinations X weight status (p<0.001), and perceived safety from crime X education (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Latinas participated in relatively low walking time and high amounts of vehicle time. Findings suggest intrapersonal sub-group differences in the association of the neighborhood environment with walking and vehicle time. Improving neighborhood environments to promote walking and reduce vehicle time may help improve Latinas' overall physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalicio Serrano
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Park Ct. San Diego, CA 92123, United States
| | - Lilian G. Perez
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Park Ct. San Diego, CA 92123, United States
- Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, University of California, San Diego/San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Jordan Carlson
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Kevin Patrick
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Jacqueline Kerr
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Christina Holub
- Department of Public Health, California State University San Marcos, CA 92096
| | - Elva M. Arredondo
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health (IBACH), Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Park Ct. San Diego, CA 92123, United States
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App-technology to increase physical activity among patients with diabetes type 2 - the DiaCert-study, a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:119. [PMID: 29316905 PMCID: PMC5761151 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity can decrease the risk of complications related to diabetes type 2. Feasible and scalable strategies to implement support for a healthy lifestyle for patients in primary care are needed. The aim of the DiaCert-study is to evaluate a digital healthcare platform and the effect of a 12-week long smartphone-app physical activity intervention aiming at increasing physical activity (primary outcome) and improve levels of HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), blood lipids, blood pressure, body composition, as well as other lifestyle factors and overall health in patients with diabetes type 2. Methods/Design The DiaCert-study is a two-arm, randomized controlled trial that will include 250 patients with diabetes type 2. At baseline, participants are randomized 1:1 to intervention, i.e. use of the smartphone-app, during 12 weeks, or to a control group receiving only standard care. Physical activity and sedentary behavior, is objectively measured using the Actigraph GT3X. Biomarkers including HbA1c and blood lipids are measured in fasting blood samples. Anthropometrics include height, weight, waist circumference and body composition, and a number of lifestyle factors including sleep, diet, self-efficacy, and quality of life, are assessed through an extensive questionnaire. Measurements are made at baseline and at follow-up after 3, 6 and 12 months. Discussion Using new technology, is one way to bridge the gap between what patients need and what health care can offer. This study evaluates a new digital health care platform and will show if use of a smartphone-app to promote daily steps is an effective and feasible method to increase physical activity and improve clinical markers in patients with diabetes type 2. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03053336; 7 Feb, 2017.
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Abraído-Lanza AF, Shelton RC, Martins MC, Crookes DM. Social Norms, Acculturation, and Physical Activity Among Latina Women. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:285-293. [PMID: 27837288 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity promotes health and is important for preventing chronic conditions, such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about factors associated with different types of PA among Latina women, particularly Dominicans, who now constitute the fifth largest group of Latinos in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine whether occupational physical activity, acculturation, familism, and norms held by family and friends are associated with three types of PA: vigorous and moderate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and resistance training. Interviews were conducted with 418 Dominican women. We assessed self-reported PA using standardized measures. Data were collected between July 2010 and July 2012 in New York City. Most women reported no vigorous LTPA or resistance training (74.5 and 73.1 %, respectively); about half (52.1 %) reported no moderate LTPA. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, occupational physical activities were associated with greater LTPA. Acculturation was not associated with any outcome. Positive family norms about exercise were associated with increased LTPA and resistance training. Family norms may play a critical role in PA and should be included in programs to increase PA among Latina women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Abraído-Lanza
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Rachel C Shelton
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mariana Cunha Martins
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Danielle M Crookes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Johnson BT, Acabchuk RL. What are the keys to a longer, happier life? Answers from five decades of health psychology research. Soc Sci Med 2018; 196:218-226. [PMID: 29153315 PMCID: PMC6894515 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE It has long been known that factors of the mind and of interpersonal relationships influence health, but it is only in the last 50 years that an independent scientific field of health psychology appeared, dedicated to understanding psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness, and healthcare. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD This article (a) reviews important research that answers the question of how human beings can have longer, happier lives; and (b) highlights trends in health psychology featuring articles in Social Science & Medicine as well as other related literature. RESULTS Since the 1970s, health psychology has embraced a biopsychosocial model such that biological factors interact and are affected by psychological and social elements. This model has illuminated all subjects of health, ranging from interventions to lower stress and/or to improve people's ability to cope with stressors, to mental and physical health. Importantly, a health psychology perspective is behavioral: The majority of chronic diseases of today can be avoided or reduced through healthy lifestyles (e.g., sufficient exercise, proper diet, sufficient sleep). Thus, behavior change is the key target to help reduce the immense public health burden of chronic lifestyle illnesses. Health psychology also focuses on how social patterns influence health behavior and outcomes, in the form of patient-provider interactions or as social forces in communities where people live, work, and play. Health psychology is congenial to other health sciences, especially when allied with ecological perspectives that incorporate factors upstream from individual behavior, such as networks linked to individuals (e.g., peer groups, communities). Over its history, health psychology research has been responsive to societal and medical needs and has routinely focused on understanding health disparities. CONCLUSION By relying on a strong interdisciplinary approach, research in health psychology provides a remarkably comprehensive perspective on how people can live healthier lives.
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Yuma-Guerrero PJ, Cubbin C, von Sternberg K. Neighborhood Social Cohesion as a Mediator of Neighborhood Conditions on Mothers' Engagement in Physical Activity: Results From the Geographic Research on Wellbeing Study. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2017; 44:845-856. [PMID: 28142286 PMCID: PMC10675998 DOI: 10.1177/1090198116687537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine if social cohesion mediates the effects of neighborhood and household-level socioeconomic status (SES), perceptions of neighborhood safety, and access to parks on mothers' engagement in physical activity (PA). METHOD Secondary analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data from The Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) study. GROW includes survey data from a diverse sample of 2,750 California mothers. Structural equation modeling was used to test a conceptual multilevel mediation model, proposing social cohesion as a mediator of known predictors of PA. RESULTS Social cohesion fully mediated the pathway from perceived neighborhood safety to mothers' PA. Social cohesion also mediated the significant relationship between neighborhood SES and PA; however, this mediation finding was not practically significant when considered in the context of the full model. Household SES was significantly positively related to both social cohesion and PA. Park access contributed significantly to social cohesion but not directly to PA Social cohesion did not significantly mediate relationships between park access or household SES and PA. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for public health interventions to improve engagement in PA among individuals and neighborhoods with lower levels of socioeconomic resources. Interventions that create social cohesion within neighborhoods may have positive effects on mothers' PA, particularly in neighborhoods perceived as unsafe.
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Wieland ML, Hanza MMM, Weis JA, Meiers SJ, Patten CA, Clark MM, Sloan JA, Novotny PJ, Njeru JW, Abbenyi A, Levine JA, Goodson M, Capetillo GDP, Osman A, Hared A, Nigon JA, Sia IG. Healthy Immigrant Families: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Family-Based Nutrition and Physical Activity Intervention. Am J Health Promot 2017; 32:473-484. [PMID: 29186984 DOI: 10.1177/0890117117733342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a healthy eating and physical activity intervention for immigrant families, derived through community-based participatory research. DESIGN The Healthy Immigrant Families study was a randomized controlled trial with delayed intervention control group, with families as the randomization unit. SETTING US Midwest city. PARTICIPANTS Participants were recruited by community partners from Hispanic, Somali, and Sudanese immigrant communities. INTERVENTION Family health promoters from participating communities delivered 6 healthy eating modules, 4 physical activity modules, and 2 modules synthesizing information in 12 home visits (60-90 minutes) within the first 6 months. Up to 12 follow-up phone calls to each participant occurred within the second 6 months. MEASURES Primary measures were dietary quality measured with weekday 24-hour recall and reported as Healthy Eating Index score (0-100) and physical activity measured with accelerometers (14 wear days) at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS In total, 151 persons (81 adolescents and 70 adults; 44 families) were randomly assigned. At 12 months, significant improvement occurred in Healthy Eating Index scores for adults in the intervention group compared with controls (change, +8.6 vs -4.4; P < .01) and persisted at 24 months (+7.4 from baseline; P < .01). No differences were observed for adolescents and no significant differences occurred between groups for physical activity. CONCLUSION This intervention produced sustained dietary quality improvement among adults but not among adolescents. Program outcomes are relevant to communities working to decrease cardiovascular risk among immigrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Wieland
- 1 Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Weis
- 3 Department of Research Administration, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sonja J Meiers
- 4 Department of Graduate Nursing, Winona State University, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christi A Patten
- 5 Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew M Clark
- 5 Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeff A Sloan
- 6 Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul J Novotny
- 6 Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jane W Njeru
- 1 Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adeline Abbenyi
- 7 Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James A Levine
- 8 Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Miriam Goodson
- 9 Alliance of Chicanos, Hispanics and Latin Americans, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Ahmed Osman
- 11 Somali Community Resettlement Services, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdullah Hared
- 11 Somali Community Resettlement Services, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Irene G Sia
- 13 Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Health for Older Adults: The Role of Social Capital and Leisure-Time Physical Activity by Living Arrangements. J Phys Act Health 2017; 15:150-158. [PMID: 28872391 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purposes of this study were to (1) explore the influence of social capital and leisure-time physical activity on older adults' physical and mental health and (2) test whether these relationships varied by living arrangement. METHODS This cross-sectional study used national data from the 2013 National Health Interview Study. The subjects included 7714 adults aged 65 years or older. Logistic regressions were used to predict the probability of subjects being overweight or obese. Ordinary linear regressions were performed to predict mental health outcomes. RESULTS Older adults living alone were more likely to report feeling sad (alone: 1.5; with others: 1.36), hopeless (alone: 1.25; with others: 1.18), and worthless (alone: 1.22; with others: 1.15). They were also more likely to experience lower levels of social support (alone: 3.24; with others: 3.30), trust (alone: 3.34; with others: 3.44), cohesion (alone: 2.95; with others: 2.98), and enjoy less leisure-time physical activity (alone: 49.85 min; with others: 64.64 min) than those living with others. Hispanic and divorced/separated older adults who lived alone were prioritized for health intervention. CONCLUSIONS Older adults living alone had poorer mental health, less social capital, and engaged in less frequent leisure-time physical activity. Promoting social capital could improve mental health in older adults living alone.
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