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Ma Y, Su Q, Zhao L, Zhu J, Zhao H, Song R, Zou H, Liu Z. Melatonin prevents cadmium-induced osteoporosis by affecting the osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and pyroptosis in duck. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103934. [PMID: 38981361 PMCID: PMC11294718 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), is a highly toxic environmental pollutant, which seriously threatens the health of poultry and humans. The occurrence of osteoporosis is the main manifestation of cadmium toxicity. Pyroptosis plays an important role in the development of osteoporosis. Melatonin has been shown to affect preserving bone health. However, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In the present study, these functions of melatonin have been investigated in duck bone tissue and osteoblast during cadmium exposure. In vivo, the studies suggest that melatonin protects against cadmium-induced duck osteoporosis by improving the osteogenesis function, inhibiting bone resorption, and suppressing the occurrence of pyroptosis. In vitro, the findings demonstrated that melatonin alleviated the inhibition effect of cadmium on duck bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation, and suppressed the cadmium-induced osteoclast differentiation. In addition, we also found that melatonin prevents cytokines release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by cadmium-induced, and reduces the expression of n-terminal Gasdermin D (N-GSDMD), alleviates the osteoblast death rate. In short, melatonin as a potential therapeutic agent has bright prospects in cadmium-induced bone toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Qunchao Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
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Boughammoura S, Zarka M, Messaoudi I, Solal MC. Interactions between cadmium and zinc on gene expression pattern of differentiation markers in MC3T3-E1 cell line. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1038-1046. [PMID: 34338604 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1963881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated, in vitro, the interactions between cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) during the proliferation and differentiation process using bone MC3T3-E1 cell line.Cells were treated with CdCl2 and/or ZnCl2 for 24 and 48 h and 5 µM CdCl2 was found as low cytotoxic dose and 25 µM ZnCl2 as the best Zn treatment for cell proliferation. Gene expression of some bone markers (Runx2, collagen α1 (Colα1), osteocalcin (Oc), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone sialoprotein (BSP)) was studied at 24, 48 and 72 h.Treatment by CdCl2 depressed Runx2, Colα1, and BSP mRNA levels after 24 h. Oc and ALP gene expression was found to be decreased after 72 h.CdCl2 -exposure decreased ALP activity and Ca deposit in matrix. In concomitant treatment by CdCl2 and ZnCl2, gene expression of osteoblastic markers was found to be up-regulated (p < 0, 05) compared to CdCl2 treated cells, ALP staining and mineralization were increased.Our results show that Zn could prevent Cd-induced toxicity on MC3T3-E1 cells, probably through the restoration of Runx2, col α1, BSP, ALP and Oc and gene expression inhibited by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Boughammoura
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mylène Zarka
- U1132: Biologie de l'Os et de Cartilage, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Martine Cohen Solal
- U1132: Biologie de l'Os et de Cartilage, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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Brzóska MM, Kozłowska M, Rogalska J, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Roszczenko A, Smereczański NM. Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020478. [PMID: 33572579 PMCID: PMC7911633 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M. Brzóska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Kozłowska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
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Abdel Latif H, Abdel Khalek R, AbdelGalil W, AbdAllah H, Fawzy A, AbdelFattah S. Nanocurcumin versus mesenchymal stem cells in ameliorating the deleterious effects in the cadmium-induced testicular injury: A crosstalk between oxidative and apoptotic markers. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13760. [PMID: 32692431 DOI: 10.1111/and.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a grave occupational pollutant, can result in; testicular damage. This study was designed to distinguish the potential effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) versus that of curcumin nanoemulsion on Cd-induced testicular damage. Fifty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into five groups; control, sham control, Cd-treated, stem cell-treated and nanocurcumin-treated groups. Histological, immune histochemical; caspase 3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD 68, testosterone levels, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH) superoxide, dismutase (SOD), Western blot; B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX), BAX/Bcl-2 ratio and morphometry were done. Cadmium-treated group showed degenerated, detached seminiferous tubules, vacuolations and wide interstitial spaces containing fluid exudates. The same group revealed increased expression of BAX, BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase 3, CD 68 and increased mean values of MDA, NO. Concomitantly, Cd has significant reduction in PCNA, Bcl-2 and sperm cell count when compared to control group. BM-MSCs- and nanocurcumin-treated groups revealed well-structured tubules and were perceived to expressively enhance the deleterious changes induced by Cd. The injurious changes on the testis induced by Cd were obviously improved when treated with either MSCs or nano-curcumin. BM-MSCs exerted more ameliorative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Abdel Latif
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Abdel Khalek
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid AbdelGalil
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend AbdAllah
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Fawzy
- Medical Physiology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen AbdelFattah
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Boughammoura S, Ben Mimouna S, Chemek M, Ostertag A, Cohen-Solal M, Messaoudi I. Disruption of Bone Zinc Metabolism during Postnatal Development of Rats after Early Life Exposure to Cadmium. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041218. [PMID: 32059372 PMCID: PMC7072778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This current study was conducted to investigate whether bone tissue impairment induced by early life exposure to cadmium (Cd) during postnatal development could result from disruption to zinc (Zn) metabolism. For this reason, the offspring from mothers receiving either tap water, Cd, Zn or Cd + Zn during gestation and lactation periods were euthanized at PND21 and PND70. At the end of the lactation period (PND21), our results showed that exposure to Cd increased Cd accumulation and Zn depletion in the femur. Furthermore, calcium (Ca) level was reduced. At the molecular level, Cd induced an increase of MT-1 expression and caused an upregulation of ZIP2 accompanied with a down-regulation of ZnT5. Runx2, ALP, colα-1 and Oc mRNA levels were also decreased. In plasma, IGF-1 and osteocalcin concentrations were decreased. Further, Cd altered femoral growth by generating changes in the growth plate. Consequently, the toxic effect of Cd persisted at adult age (PND70) by decreasing bone volume (%BV/TV), bone mineral density (BMD) and Ca content and by increasing trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) in the distal femur. Interestingly, Zn supply provided total or partial corrections of several toxic effects of Cd. These data suggest that the increases of Zn bioavailability as well as the reduction of Cd accumulation in the femur following the changes in ZIP2 and ZnT5 expression are part of the mechanism involved in Zn protection against Cd toxicity on bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Boughammoura
- LR11ES41: Laboratoire de Recherche Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.B.M.); (M.C.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +21673465405; Fax: +21673465404
| | - Safa Ben Mimouna
- LR11ES41: Laboratoire de Recherche Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.B.M.); (M.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Marouen Chemek
- LR11ES41: Laboratoire de Recherche Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.B.M.); (M.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Agnes Ostertag
- Bioscar Inserm U1132 and université de Paris, hôpital Lariboisière, 75010 Paris, France; (A.O.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- Bioscar Inserm U1132 and université de Paris, hôpital Lariboisière, 75010 Paris, France; (A.O.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Laboratoire de Recherche Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.B.M.); (M.C.); (I.M.)
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Tulinska J, Masanova V, Liskova A, Mikusova ML, Rollerova E, Krivosikova Z, Stefikova K, Uhnakova I, Ursinyova M, Babickova J, Babelova A, Busova M, Tothova L, Wsolova L, Dusinska M, Sojka M, Horvathova M, Alacova R, Vecera Z, Mikuska P, Coufalik P, Krumal K, Capka L, Docekal B. Six-week inhalation of CdO nanoparticles in mice: The effects on immune response, oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, fibrotic response, and bones. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 136:110954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Knani L, Venditti M, Kechiche S, Banni M, Messaoudi I, Minucci S. Melatonin protects bone against cadmium-induced toxicity via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:237-245. [PMID: 31809235 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1701595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic for health due to it accumulation in several tissues including bone. Since melatonin (MLT) favors new bone formation through several pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, here we assessed whether MLT has a protective role against Cd induced toxicity in the rat bone tissue. Adult male Wistar rats receiving 50 mg CdCl2/L and/or 3 mg/L MLT were used and were sacrificed 30 days after the treatment. Femurs and plasma were collected and analyzed by various biochemicals, molecular and histological investigation. The results showed that Cd exposure induced bone disorder characterized by histopathological alterations, a decreased alkaline phosphatase activity and plasmatic concentration of osteocalcin. Moreover, also the expression levels of some osteogenic-related genes (Runx2, Ocn and Alp) were down-regulated after Cd treatment. Since mechanistically Cd toxicity reduced the Kinase activity of GSK3β and protein levels of Wnt3a and β-catenin, we observed that MLT administration significantly ameliorated the toxic effects induced by the metal. Our findings provide clues about a potential protective effect of MLT against Cd-induced bone metabolism destruction and that the protection was partially mediated via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Knani
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Safa Kechiche
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Banni
- UR13AGR08: Biochimie et Ecotoxicologie, ISA Chott-Mariem, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
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Knani L, Bartolini D, Kechiche S, Tortoioli C, Murdolo G, Moretti M, Messaoudi I, Reiter RJ, Galli F. Melatonin prevents cadmium-induced bone damage: First evidence on an improved osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation balance of mesenchymal stem cells as underlying mechanism. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12597. [PMID: 31340072 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) plays a role in preserving bone health, a function that may depend on homeostatic effects on both mature osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the bone tissue. In this study, these functions of MLT have been investigated in rat bone (femur) and in human adipose MSC (hMSC) during chronic exposure to low-grade cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a serious public health concern. The in vivo findings demonstrate that MLT protects against Cd-induced bone metabolism disruption and accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes, a cue of impaired osteogenic potential of skeletal MSC niches. This latter symptom was recapitulated in hMSCs in which Cd toxicity stimulated adipogenic differentiation. MLT was found to rescue, at least in part, the osteogenic differentiation properties of these cells. This study reports on a new bone cytoprotection function of MLT pertinent to Cd toxicity and its interfering effect on skeletal MSC differentiation properties that is worth investigating for its possible impact on human bone pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Knani
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Safa Kechiche
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Buha A, Jugdaohsingh R, Matovic V, Bulat Z, Antonijevic B, Kerns JG, Goodship A, Hart A, Powell JJ. Bone mineral health is sensitively related to environmental cadmium exposure- experimental and human data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108539. [PMID: 31247431 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium (Cd) is recognised as one of the risk factors for osteoporosis, although critical exposure levels and exact mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we first confirmed that in male Wistar rats challenged orally with 6 different levels of Cd (0.3-10 mg/kg b.w.), over 28 days, there was a direct dose relationship to bone Cd concentration. Moreover, bone mineral content was significantly diminished by ∼15% (p < 0.0001) plateauing already at the lowest exposure level. For the other essential bone elements zinc (Zn) loss was most marked. Having established the sensitive metrics (measures of Cd exposure), we then applied them to 20 randomly selected human femoral head bone samples from 16 independent subjects. Bone Cd concentration was inversely proportional to trabecular bone mineral density and mineral (calcium) content and Zn content of bone, but not the donor's age. Our findings, through direct bone analyses, support the emerging epidemiological view that bone health, adjudged by mineral density, is extremely sensitive to even background levels of environmental Cd. Importantly, however, our data also suggest that Cd may play an even greater role in compromised bone health than prior indirect estimates of exposure could reveal. Environmental Cd may be a substantially determining factor in osteoporosis and large cohort studies with direct bone analyses are now merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ravin Jugdaohsingh
- Biomineral Research, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Vesna Matovic
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijevic
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jemma G Kerns
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Allen Goodship
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science UCL, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Alister Hart
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science UCL, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Biomineral Research, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
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Zhang R, Liu Y, Xing L, Zhao N, Zheng Q, Li J, Bao J. The protective role of selenium against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in laying hens: Expression of Hsps and inflammation-related genes and modulation of elements homeostasis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 159:205-212. [PMID: 29753822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the potential role of high selenium (Se) diets in alleviating chronic cadmium (Cd) hepatic toxicity in laying hens. In the present study, 128 healthy 31-week-old laying hens were fed a diet supplemented with Se (Na2SeO3, 2 mg/kg), Cd (CdCl2, 150 mg/kg), or both Se and Cd (150 mg/kg of CdCl2 and 2 mg/kg of Na2SeO3) for 90 days. The expression levels of heat shock proteins (Hsps, including Hsp60, Hsp70 and Hsp90) and inflammation-related factors, including nuclear factor-kappa B p50 (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E synthases (PTGES), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were investigated. The concentrations of 28 elements were also determined. The results indicated that Cd treatment significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of Hsps and significantly improved the expression of inflammation-related genes. Moreover, Cd addition to the diets resulted in disturbances in the systemic balance of 13 elements, leading to decrease in the concentrations of Cr, Mn, Sr, Ba, and Hg and increase in Li, B, Ca, Ti, Fe, Cu, Mo, and Cd concentrations. Treatment with Se significantly alleviated Cd-induced hepatic toxicity, as evidenced by a reduction in Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, NF-κB, COX-2, PTGES, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression. Additionally, Se and Cd co-treatment alleviated the changes in Li, B, Ca, Fe, Ti, Cu, Mo, Cd, Cr, Se, Sr, Ba, and Hg concentrations, which was in contrast to that upon Cd induction. The study indicated that Se could help against the negative effects of Cd and may be related to the alleviation of Cd-induced Hsps stress and the inflammatory responses along with modulating the element homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qimin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
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Andrulewicz-Botulińska E, Wiśniewska R, Brzóska MM, Rogalska J, Galicka A. Beneficial impact of zinc supplementation on the collagen in the bone tissue of cadmium-exposed rats. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:996-1007. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Róża Wiśniewska
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical University of Bialystok; Kilinskiego 1 15-230 Bialystok Poland
| | - Malgorzata M. Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology; Medical University of Bialystok; Kilinskiego 1 15-230 Bialystok Poland
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology; Medical University of Bialystok; Kilinskiego 1 15-230 Bialystok Poland
| | - Anna Galicka
- Department of Medical Chemistry; Medical University of Bialystok; Kilinskiego 1 15-230 Bialystok Poland
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12
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Zhang R, Xing L, Bao J, Sun H, Bi Y, Liu H, Li J. Selenium supplementation can protect from enhanced risk of keel bone damage in laying hens exposed to cadmium. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether selenium (Se) supplementation can provide protection from an enhanced risk of keel bone damage (KBD) in laying hens due to the cadmium (Cd) toxicity associated with sub-chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqing Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yanju Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huo Liu
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
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13
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Yang D, Guo Z, Green ID, Xie D. Effect of cadmium accumulation on mineral nutrient levels in vegetable crops: potential implications for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19744-53. [PMID: 27411535 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of vegetables is often the predominant route whereby humans are exposed to the toxic metal Cd. Health impacts arising from Cd consumption may be influenced by changes in the mineral nutrient content of vegetables, which may occur when plants are exposed to Cd. Here, we subjected model root (carrot) and leaf (lettuce) vegetables to soil Cd concentrations of 0.3, 1.5, 3.3, and 9.6 μg g(-1) for 10 weeks to investigate the effect of Cd exposure on Cd accumulation, growth performance, and mineral nutrient homeostasis. The findings demonstrated that Cd accumulation in lettuce (20.1-71.5 μg g(-1)) was higher than that in carrot (3.2-27.5 μg g(-1)), and accumulation exceeded the maximum permissible Cd concentration in vegetables when soil contained more than 3.3 μg g(-1) of Cd. There was a marked hormetic effect on carrot growth at a soil Cd concentration of 3.3 μg g(-1), but increasing the Cd concentration to 9.6 μg g(-1) caused decreased growth in both crops. Additionally, in most cases, there was a positive correlation between Cd and the mineral nutrient content of vegetables, which was due to physiological changes in the plants causing increased uptake and/or translocation. This may suggest a general mechanism whereby the plant compensated for disrupted mineral nutrient metabolism by increasing nutrient supply to its tissues. Increased nutrient levels could potentially offset some risks posed to humans by increased Cd levels in crops, and we therefore suggest that changes in mineral nutrient levels should be included more widely in the risk assessment of potentially toxic metal contamination. Graphical abstract The Cd concentration (μg g-1 in dry matter) in the root, shoot and translocation factor (TF) of Cd from root to shoot in the carrot and lettuce, and the percentage of root Cd to the gross Cd contents (%) in carrot (C) and lettuce (D) exposed to soil Cd (0 (control), 1, 3, and 9 μg g-1) for 70 days. Values are means ± SD (n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK.
| | - Iain D Green
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Deti Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Rajakumar S, Ravi C, Nachiappan V. Defect of zinc transporter ZRT1 ameliorates cadmium induced lipid accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metallomics 2016; 8:453-60. [PMID: 26999708 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00005c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential divalent heavy metal that enters the cells by utilizing the transport pathways of the essential metals, like zinc (Zn), in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This work focuses on Cd accumulation and its impact on deletion of Zn transporters Zrt1p and Zrt2p and lipid homeostasis. Cd exposure reduces the Zn levels in the mutant strains, and the effect was higher in zrt2Δ cells. Upon Cd exposure, the wild-type and zrt2Δ cells follow a similar pattern, but an opposite pattern was observed in zrt1Δ cells. The Cd influx and ROS levels were high in both wild-type cells and zrt2Δ cells but significantly reduced in zrt1Δ cells. Cd exposure led to accumulation of triacylglycerol and lipid droplets in wild-type cells and zrt2Δ cells but these levels were decreased in zrt1Δ cells. Hence, these studies suggest that the zrt1Δ cells provide resistance towards Cd and aid in the maintenance of lipid homeostasis in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Rajakumar
- Biomembrane Lab, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Olgun O, Bahtiyarca Y. Effects of Dietary Cadmium and Boron Supplementation on Performance, Eggshell Quality and Mineral Concentrations of Bone in Laying Hens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 167:56-62. [PMID: 25749927 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of different levels of cadmium and boron on performance, eggshell quality, and mineral concentrations of bone in layer diets. In this trial, a total of 144 layer chickens, 21 weeks old, were randomly divided into 12 experimental groups. In each experimental group, there were four replicates, and in each of the replicates, there were three hens. Experimental diets consisted of all possible combinations of four levels of added cadmium (0, 5, 15, and 45 mg/kg) and three levels of added boron (0, 60, and 120 mg/kg) to the basal diet. Added cadmium (15 or 45 mg/kg) had a significant adverse effect on performance parameters (P < 0.01). Eggshell thickness increased with the addition of 5 mg/kg level of cadmium to the diet (P < 0.01). Tibia cadmium content increased with the addition of cadmium and boron in the diet (P < 0.01). However, tibia boron content decreased with the supplementation of cadmium (P < 0.01). These results indicate that the addition of boron to the diet did not prevent adverse effect of cadmium on performance and eggshell quality, or accumulation of cadmium in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Olgun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, 42075, Konya, Turkey,
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Válek P, Sloup V, Jankovská I, Langrová I, Száková J, Miholová D, Horáková B, Křivská D. Can the Hyperaccumulating Plant Arabidopsis halleri in Feed Influence a Given Consumer Organism (Rattus norvegicus var. alba)? BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:116-121. [PMID: 25917848 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Zinc and cadmium concentrations in rat (Rattus norvegicus var. alba) tissues were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Rats were fed the zinc and cadmium hyperaccumulating plant, Arabidopsis halleri. When compared to the control group, a Cd increase in all tissues (liver, kidneys, small intestine, spleen, testes, muscle), with the exception of bone tissue was observed. In comparison to the control group, the kidneys, liver and small intestine contained 375, 162, and 80 times more Cd, respectively. Differences between zinc concentrations in rats fed with A. halleri and those of the control group were significant only in the small intestine and kidney tissues. Results suggest using the hyperaccumulating plant A. halleri as a feed stresses the consumer organism not through its Zn content, but through its Cd content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Válek
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 21, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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17
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The effect of dietary cadmium supplementation on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineralisation in laying quails. Animal 2015; 9:1298-303. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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18
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Kumar BA, Reddy AG, Kumar PR, Reddy YR, Rao TM, Haritha C. Protective role of N-Acetyl L-Cysteine against reproductive toxicity due to interaction of lead and cadmium in male Wistar rats. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4:414-9. [PMID: 24082743 PMCID: PMC3783791 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.117021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: One of the target organs of heavy metals is testis and many authors proposed that oxidative stress could be responsible to induce their toxicity. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity, their toxicodynamic interaction and to evaluate therapeutic potential of N-Acetyl L-cysteine (NAC) against the reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Material and methods: rats were randomly divided into 8 groups comprising of 6 rats in each. Group 1 and 2 were syam and NAC control, Group 3, 4 and 5 were kept as toxic control groups such as lead, cadmium and lead + cadmium respectively, where as Group 6, 7 and 8 were therapeutic groups with NAC. The experiment scheduled for 3 months. Body weights, anti-oxidant profile (GSH, GST, TBARS and protein carbonyls) in testis, testis weight, testicular LDH, sperm count and histopathology were conducted. And also, interaction of Pb and Cd with zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in testis was assessed. Results: The present study revealed significant alterations in body weights, anti-oxidant profile, weights of testes, testicular LDH, sperm count, and concentration of Zn and Cu in toxic control groups 3, 4 and 5 as compared to control and NAC-treated groups. The toxic combination (Pb+Cd) group 5 showed significant alterations in protein carbonyls, GST levels and testicular LDH as compared to Pb and Cd alone administered groups and these results are substantiated with marked changes in the histopathology. All the NAC-treated groups revealed significant improvement in all the parameters. Conclusion: The results of the investigation revealed that Pb, Cd and their combination induces toxicity to the biological system due to the excess generation of free radicals and impairment of anti-oxidant defenses. Toxic effects were more pronounced in the group that received a combination of Pb and Cd, suggesting positive toxicodynamic interaction. Use of NAC countered the adverse effects of Pb and Cd induced toxicity to a major extent suggesting its anti-oxidant potential owing to replenishment of tissue pool of GSH. Further, NAC administration reduced the extent of accumulation of Pb and Cd in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banothu Anil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Korutla, Karimanagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Boughammoura S, Kessabi K, Chouchene L, Messaoudi I. Effects of cadmium and high temperature on some parameters of calcium metabolism in the killifish (Aphanius fasciatus). Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 154:73-80. [PMID: 23749477 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the influence of high temperature on cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Aphanius fasciatus (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). For this reason, Cd, mineral, and organic content in the vertebral column as well as the histological structure of gills and bone were compared in fishes exposed for 30 days to Cd (2 mg/L CdCl2) and/or high temperature (26 °C). Cd exposure caused a negative correlation between Cd and Ca concentrations (r = 0.98, p < 0.05), as well as a significant decrease in inorganic components (p < 0.05) and ash weight/dry weight ratio (p < 0.05) in the vertebral column. These changes were accompanied by an increased frequency of histological alterations in gills and bone. Concomitant treatment with Cd and high temperature increases Cd accumulation and Ca depletion in the skeletal tissue and increases the frequency and the severity of histological alterations. These results confirm that temperature increases Cd toxicity and needs to be taken into account for the accurate prediction and assessment of Cd-induced spinal deformities in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Boughammoura
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Nad P, Skalicka M, Korenekova B. The effects of long-term cadmium exposure in turkeys: accumulation and zinc prevention. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2012; 47:1239-1243. [PMID: 22540646 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.672074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Experiments with turkeys were conducted to determine the effects of long-term ingestion of Cd (2.0 mg Cd/day/turkey) on its accumulation in the tissues and organs. The cadmium was found especially in the muscles, livers and kidneys. The highest average content of cadmium was found in the kidneys (1.09 mg/kg). The contents of Cd in the kidneys and livers were 19 times and 14 times (respectively) higher compared to the muscles. The administration of Zn (72 mg / day / turkey) along with high doses of Cd, significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the concentrations of Cd in the organs of the experimental animals. The average concentrations of cadmium in the kidneys and livers of turkeys from the CdZn group were 43 % and 48 % (respectively) lower than the average concentrations in the same organs in the turkeys from the group which received only Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Nad
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Dietetics and Breeding, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
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21
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Martiniaková M, Chovancová H, Omelka R, Grosskopf B, Toman R. Effects of a single intraperitoneal administration of cadmium on femoral bone structure in male rats. Acta Vet Scand 2011; 53:49. [PMID: 21884588 PMCID: PMC3179732 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-53-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cadmium (Cd) is considered a risk factor for various bone diseases in humans and experimental animals. This study investigated the acute effects of Cd on femoral bone structure of adult male rats after a single intraperitoneal administration. METHODS Ten 4-month-old male Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 2 mg CdCl2/kg body weight and killed 36 h after the Cd had been injected. Ten 4-month-old males served as a control group. Differences in body weight, femoral weight, femoral length and histological structure of the femur were evaluated between the two groups of rats. The unpaired Student's t-test was used for establishment of statistical significance. RESULTS A single intraperitoneal administration of Cd had no significant effect on the body weight, femoral weight or femoral length. On the other hand, histological changes were significant. Rats exposed to Cd had significantly higher values of area, perimeter, maximum and minimum diameters of the primary osteons' vascular canals and Haversian canals. In contrast, a significant decrease in all variables of the secondary osteons was observed in these rats. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that, as expected, a single intraperitoneal administration of 2 mg CdCl2/kg body weight had no impact on macroscopic structure of rat's femora; however, it affected the size of vascular canals of primary osteons, Haversian canals, and secondary osteons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Martiniaková
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Hana Chovancová
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Birgit Grosskopf
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August University, Bürgerstrasse 50, 37 073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Róbert Toman
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Aktas C, Kanter M, Erboga M, Ozturk S. Anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin on cadmium-induced apoptosis in rat testes. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:122-30. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711407242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental pollutants affecting various tissues and organs including testis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin (Cur) on Cd-induced apoptosis in rat testes. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: control, Cd treated and Cd treated with Cur; each group contained 10 animals. The control group received 2 ml/day of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). To induce toxicity, Cd (1 mg/kg body weight) was dissolved in normal saline and subcutaneously injected into rats for 4 weeks. The rats in Cur-treated group was given a daily dose of 100 mg/kg of Cur for 4 weeks. To date, no examinations of the anti-apoptotic properties of Cur on Cd-induced apoptosis in rat testes have been reported. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter, mean testicular biopsy score values and serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased in Cd-treated groups were compared to the control group. Furthermore, the Cur-treated animals showed an improved histological appearance and serum testosterone levels in Cd-treated group. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the activity of in situ identification of apoptosis using terminal dUTP nick end-labeling in testis tissues of the Cd-treated group with Cur therapy. The present study showed that Cur treatment protected testes against toxic effects of Cd. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of Cur may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on the spermatogenesis after testicular injury caused by Cd-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Samil Ozturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkey
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Induction of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange in bone-marrow cells and abnormalities in sperm of Algerian mice (Mus spretus) exposed to cadmium, lead and zinc. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 678:59-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ozdemir S, Dursun S. Role of +(−)catechin against cadmium toxicity in the rat testes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 43:8-11. [DOI: 10.1080/00365590802468891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Semra Ozdemir
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sefik Dursun
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kessabi K, Kerkeni A, Saïd K, Messaoudi I. Involvement of cd bioaccumulation in spinal deformities occurrence in natural populations of Mediterranean killifish. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 128:72-81. [PMID: 18953499 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) on the spinal deformities occurrence in the Mediterranean killifish, Aphanius fasciatus (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). For this purpose, some indicators of skeletal bone mineralization, Cd, and calcium (Ca) concentrations in spinal column as well as bioaccumulation of Cd from the water and the sediment have been compared in normal and deformed fish collected from polluted (S1) and nonpolluted (S2) areas in the Gulf of Gabès in Tunisia. When compared to the normal fish, the deformed fish showed signs of spinal column demineralization such as significant decrease in the ash weight/dry weight ratio, percentage of nonorganic components content, and Ca concentration. Cd concentrations in spinal column and liver were significantly higher in deformed fish than in normal fish. A highly significant negative correlation (r = -0.915, p < 0.01) between Cd and Ca concentrations was noted in spinal column of deformed fish. Bioaccumulation factors of Cd in the liver from the water and the sediment in deformed fish were also significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than in normal fish from S1 and S2. These findings suggest that the ability to accumulate large amount of Cd may represent a potential risk to induce spinal deformities in natural populations of Mediterranean killifish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Kessabi
- UR 09/30: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Bulat ZP, Djukić-Cosić D, Malicević Z, Bulat P, Matović V. Zinc or magnesium supplementation modulates cd intoxication in blood, kidney, spleen, and bone of rabbits. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 124:110-7. [PMID: 18418555 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the influence of oral supplementation with Zn or Mg on Cd content in the blood and organs of rabbits exposed to prolonged Cd intoxication. Rabbits were divided into the following groups: Cd group-received orally every day for 4 weeks 10 mg Cd/kg body weight (b.w.), Cd+Zn group and Cd+Mg group-exposed to Cd and supplemented with 20 mg Zn/kg b.w. or 40 mg Mg/kg b.w. 1 h after Cd treatment. Cd content in biological material was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Blood Cd concentration was determined in all investigated groups at time 0 and after 10, 14, 18, 22, 25, and 28 days, whereas Cd content in the brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and bone was determined after 28 days. Blood Cd concentration was significantly increased in all groups from the 14th day of Cd intoxication and lasted till the end of the experiment. Zn or Mg supplementation significantly reduced blood Cd content on the 18th and 25th days. Supplementation with Zn or Mg significantly decreased Cd concentration in the kidney, spleen, and bone and, in addition, Zn reduced Cd content in the brain. Supplementation with Zn or Mg in Cd-intoxicated rabbits caused similar reduction of blood Cd concentration; however, reduction of tissue Cd content was more pronounced in Zn- than in Mg-supplemented group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Plamenac Bulat
- Institute of Toxicology Academic D. Soldatović, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Min KS, Ueda H, Kihara T, Tanaka K. Increased hepatic accumulation of ingested Cd is associated with upregulation of several intestinal transporters in mice fed diets deficient in essential metals. Toxicol Sci 2008; 106:284-9. [PMID: 18648087 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential metals (EMs) can affect the metabolism of nonessential metals. It has been suggested that Fe deficiency increases intestinal absorption of Cd via divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). To investigate whether EM nutritional status is a host risk factor for Cd accumulation, we studied the effect of nutritional status of Ca, Cu, Mg, Zn, and Fe that most often ingested by humans at levels below recommended dietary allowances on tissue accumulation of orally administered Cd. Mice were divided into groups and given different EM-deficient (EMDF) diets (CaDF, CuDF, MgDF, ZnDF, or FeDF) for 4 weeks. EMDF mice had significantly (p < 0.05) lower plasma or hepatic concentrations of the deficient EM than did mice receiving control diets. Hepatic Cd accumulation was significantly (p < 0.05) increased after oral Cd administration in all EMDF mice, but not in any EM-supplemented mice. Intestinal expression of mRNAs for the Fe-transporters DMT1 and ferroportin was increased in FeDF mice, but not in other EMDF mice, causing an increase in hepatic Fe concentration. Similarly, intestinal expression of mRNA for calcium transporter 1 was significantly increased in CaDF mice, but not in other EMDF mice. These results suggest that DMT1 is not the sole transporter of Cd, and that Cd is absorbed and accumulated through multiple pathways that maintain EM homeostasis in EMDF condition. Therefore, EM nutritional status is a risk factor for increasing hepatic accumulation of ingested Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-Son Min
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540, Japan.
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Brzóska MM, Rogalska J, Galażyn-Sidorczuk M, Jurczuk M, Roszczenko A, Kulikowska-Karpińska E, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. Effect of zinc supplementation on bone metabolism in male rats chronically exposed to cadmium. Toxicology 2007; 237:89-103. [PMID: 17560002 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate, based on the rat model of moderate and relatively high human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether zinc (Zn) supplementation may prevent Cd-induced disorders in bone metabolism. For this purpose, male Wistar rats received Cd (5 and 50mg/l) or/and Zn (30 and 60mg/l) in drinking water for 6 and 12 months. Bone densitometry and biochemical markers of bone turnover were used to assess the effects of Cd or/and Zn. Bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) were measured in the femur. Serum osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase in trabecular (bT-ALP) and cortical (bC-ALP) bone were determined as bone formation markers, and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) in serum were measured as bone resorption marker. Serum concentration of calcium (Ca) and its renal handling, as well as Zn and Cd concentrations in the serum/blood, urine and femur were evaluated as well. The exposure to 5 and 50mg Cd/l (0.340+/-0.026 and 2.498+/-0.093mg Cd/kg body wt/24h, respectively), in a dose and duration dependent manner, affected bone turnover (inhibited bone formation and stimulated its resorption) and disturbed bone mineralization (decreased BMC, BMD and Zn concentration). Zn supply at the concentration of 30 and 60mg/l (1.904+/-0.123 and 3.699+/-0.213mg/kg body wt/24h, respectively) during Cd exposure influenced the Cd-induced disorders in bone metabolism. Zn administration to the Cd-exposed rats enhanced the bone ALP activity and prevented Cd-induced bone resorption, but had no statistically significant effect on BMC and BMD; however, mean values of the densitometric parameters in the rats receiving both Cd and Zn were higher than in those treated with Cd alone. Moreover, Zn supplementation at both levels of Cd exposure was found to prevent Cd accumulation in the femur and the Cd-induced decrease in bone Zn concentration. The results of the present study allow the conclusion that Zn supplementation during Cd exposure may partly protect from disorders in bone metabolism. The influence of Zn may be accompanied by its ability to prevent Cd-induced Zn deficiency and to decrease Cd accumulation in bone tissue. The findings seem to indicate that enhanced dietary intake of Zn in subjects chronically exposed to moderate and relatively high Cd levels may have a protective influence on the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Maria Jurczuk
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Alicja Roszczenko
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Om AS, Shim JY. Effect of daidzein in rats on cadmium excretion. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2007; 78:485-8. [PMID: 17541485 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ae-Son Om
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
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Nagamine T, Nakazato K, Suzuki K, Kusakabe T, Sakai T, Oikawa M, Satoh T, Kamiya T, Arakawa K. Analysis of tissue cadmium distribution in chronic cadmium-exposed mice using in-air micro-PIXE. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 117:115-26. [PMID: 17873397 DOI: 10.1007/bf02698088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Revised: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 07/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study undertook the analysis of tissue cadmium (Cd) distribution using in-air micro-particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and the examination of the involvement of metal ions in parenteral Cd toxicity. A mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 thrice weekly. After 27 wk, the liver and kidney were excised and fixed in 10% formalin solution for 4 h and then embedded in paraffin. Thin paraffin sections were used to analyze trace elements with in-air micro-PIXE and to examine metallothionein protein and histological changes. Cd distribution was determined by micro-PIXE in the liver and renal cortex of the Cd-exposed mouse, and the net Cd count was higher in the liver than in the renal cortex. The net iron (Fe) count was higher in the liver of the Cd-exposed mouse compared to the control, and an opposite tendency was observed in the renal cortex. Wide cellular Cd distribution was demonstrated in the liver and renal cortex of the chronic Cd-exposed mouse compared to the control. Metallothionein staining was increased by chronic exposure to Cd both in the liver and kidney, and nephrotoxicity was more apparent than hepatotoxicity. The modification of tissue Fe and calcium distribution by an intraperitoneal injection of Cd might be involved in Cd-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nagamine
- Faculty of Medicine, Course of Health Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medical Science, 3-39-15 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
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Brzóska MM, Majewska K, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. Bone mineral density, chemical composition and biomechanical properties of the tibia of female rats exposed to cadmium since weaning up to skeletal maturity. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:1507-19. [PMID: 16005137 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The influence of exposure to cadmium (Cd) during skeletal development on the risk of bone fractures at the stage of skeletal maturity was investigated on a female rat model of human exposure. The tibias of rats treated with 1, 5 or 50 mg Cd/l in drinking water for 3, 6, 9 and 12 months (since weaning) were used. The exposure to Cd dose- and time-dependently influenced the tibia bone mineral density (BMD) and chemical composition. In skeletally matured animals, at each level of the exposure to Cd, the BMD at the whole tibia and its diaphysis as well as the percentage of minerals content in the bone, including the content of zinc, copper and iron, were decreased compared to control. Moreover, in the 50 mg Cd/l group, the percentage of organic components content increased. The Cd-induced changes, at all levels of exposure, resulted in weakening in the yield strength and fracture strength of the tibia (a three-point bending test of the diaphysis and compression test with vertical loading) of the skeletally matured females. A very important and clinically useful finding of this study is that a decrease (even by several percent) in the tibia BMD results in weakness in the bone biomechanical properties and that the BMD may predict the risk of its fracture at the exposure to Cd. Moreover, the results together with our previous findings seem to suggest that tibia, due to higher vulnerability of its diaphysis, compared to the femoral diaphysis, to damage by Cd may be more useful than femur to investigate the effect of Cd on the cortical bone. The present study revealed that a low exposure to Cd (1 mg Cd/l), corresponding to low human environmental exposure, during the skeletal development affects the tibia mineral status leading to weakening in its mechanical properties at the skeletal maturity. The findings allow for the conclusion that environmental exposure to Cd during childhood and adolescence may enhance the risk of low BMD and fractures at adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
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Brzóska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. Disorders in bone metabolism of female rats chronically exposed to cadmium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005; 202:68-83. [PMID: 15589978 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2004] [Accepted: 06/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cadmium (Cd) on bone metabolism during skeletal development and maturity was investigated on a rat model of human exposure. Young female Wistar rats were exposed to 1, 5, or 50 mg Cd/l in drinking water for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Total bone mineral density (T-BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and bone area at the femur and lumbar spine (L1-L5) were measured densitometrically. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) as bone formation markers, and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) in bone (trabecular and cortical) or serum as bone resorption markers were measured. Renal calcium (Ca) handling and Cd body burden were evaluated as well. At the stage of intensive skeletal development (the first 6 months of the experiment), at all exposure levels, Cd inhibited the processes of bone formation and as a result disturbed the accumulation of bone mass leading to osteopenia (- 1 > Z score/T score BMD > -2.5) and at 5 and 50 mg Cd/l even to more advanced disorders in the BMD. Continuation of the exposure up to skeletal maturity led to high bone turnover with increased resorption enhancing the prevalence of osteopenia or the BMD values having the Z score/T score < -2.5. The results allow for the conclusion that chronic, even low-level exposure to Cd disturbs bone metabolism during skeletal development and maturity by affecting bone turnover most probably through a direct influence on bone formation and resorption, and indirectly via disorders in Ca metabolism. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that environmental exposure to Cd may be a risk factor for low BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-222 Poland.
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Reeves PG, Chaney RL, Simmons RW, Cherian MG. Metallothionein induction is not involved in cadmium accumulation in the duodenum of mice and rats fed diets containing high-cadmium rice or sunflower kernels and a marginal supply of zinc, iron, and calcium. J Nutr 2005; 135:99-108. [PMID: 15623840 DOI: 10.1093/jn/135.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rats fed diets with cadmium (Cd) concentrations similar to that found in human diets, and nutritionally marginal with respect to iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) retained 10 times more Cd in the duodenum than rats fed adequate mineral diets. In the current study, 2 experiments were performed to determine the role of intestinal metallothionein (MT) in the accumulation of duodenal Cd, and to determine whether endogenous rice grain Cd is as available as Cd exogenously incorporated into the grain. In Expt. 1, wild-type and MT-null mice were fed 40% rice diets containing marginal or adequate amounts of Fe, Zn, and Ca, and 240 mug Cd/kg. Duodenal Cd was 10 times higher in both wild-type and MT-null mice regardless of their mineral status. In Expt. 2, one group of rats was fed 40% rice diets in which Cd was incorporated into the rice during growth and maturation, and another group was fed 40% rice diets in which Cd was incorporated into the rice during cooking. Each group also was fed either marginal or adequate amounts of Zn, Fe, and Ca. After 5 wk, rats were given a single meal labeled with (109)Cd, and the amount of label retained after 7 d was determined by whole-body counting. Rats with marginal mineral status retained 10 times more (109)Cd than those with adequate status; however, there was no difference between rats fed endogenous or exogenous Cd rice. Although duodenal Cd concentration was 8 times higher in the marginally fed rats, MT concentration was unchanged. These 2 experiments indicate that MT induction is not involved in duodenal Cd accumulation in animals with marginal dietary status of Fe, Zn, and Ca. In addition, they support the hypothesis that marginal deficiencies of Fe, Zn, and Ca, commonly found in certain human populations subsisting on rice-based diets, play an important role in increasing the risk of dietary Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Reeves
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
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Brzóska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. Low-Level Exposure to Cadmium during the Lifetime Increases the Risk of Osteoporosis and Fractures of the Lumbar Spine in the Elderly: Studies on a Rat Model of Human Environmental Exposure. Toxicol Sci 2004; 82:468-77. [PMID: 15375291 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, based on a rat model of human environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd), it has been examined whether low-level lifetime Cd exposure increases the risk of vertebral osteoporosis and vertebrae fractures in the elderly. For this purpose, the lumbar vertebral bodies (L4 or L3) of control and Cd-exposed (1 mg Cd/l in drinking water for 24 months) female Wistar rats were assigned to densitometric, radiographic, biomechanical (compression test), and biochemical studies, as well as to assess their dimensions and chemical composition. The exposure to Cd affected the mineral status of the L4. The decreased mineral content, density (BMD) and bone mineral area of the vertebral body together with the unchanged ratio of non-organic and organic components indicate osteoporotic nature of the Cd-induced changes. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the L3 decreased. Cd also influenced the mechanical properties of the L4. The yield load and ultimate load decreased indicating a weakness in the vertebral body compression strength. Stiffness of the L4 decreased and the displacement at ultimate increased suggesting its enhanced susceptibility to deformities. Indeed, in the Cd group vertebral deformities (in 30% of females) or even fractures (in 40% of females), including those with disruption of bone continuity were evident. Z-score values for the L4 BMD revealed vertebral osteopenia in 30% and osteoporosis in 70% of the Cd-exposed females. The results allow for the conclusion that low lifetime exposure to Cd may become an important factor increasing the risk of lumbar spine osteoporosis with vertebral deformities and fractures in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
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Phillips CJC, Chiy PC, Omed HM. The effects of cadmium in feed, and its amelioration with zinc, on element balances in sheep1. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:2489-502. [PMID: 15318751 DOI: 10.2527/2004.8282489x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of feeding Cd to sheep at a level that is typical of polluted regions were investigated, as well as possible amelioration by adding Zn to the diet. Welsh Mountain ewes (n = 24) were fed herb-age and concentrate in metabolism crates, with four supplement treatments in a two-factor factorial design: no supplement, Cd supplement only, Zn supplement only, and a combination of both the Cd and Zn supplement. Cadmium (286 microg/kg of feed DMI) and Zn (8.6 mg/kg feed DMI) were added as sulfates. Food and water intakes and element balances were recorded over 20 d after 7 d dietary adaptation, and element concentrations were determined in wool samples. Neither metal affected DMI or digestibility (P > 0.15), but water intake (P = 0.001) and urine output (P = 0.03) were decreased when only the Zn supplement was added. Water retention was increased by the Cd supplement (P = 0.04). In wool, the Cd supplement greatly increased the K concentration if no Zn supplement was fed (P = 0.02), and the Zn supplement decreased Mn concentration (P = 0.02). Cadmium in feed increased the Cd balance and produced several mineral disturbances, in particular a decrease in Na balance that is typical of renal tubular disorders. Adding Zn as well as Cd to feed returned the Cd balance to a level similar to that of sheep receiving neither Cd nor Zn, which suggests that Zn status is critical in determining whether Cd in feed increases the Cd balance in sheep. Feeding Cd also increased urinary K, Fe, Mo, Cr, B, and Ca concentrations, even when supplementary Zn was fed. It is concluded that low levels of Cd in sheep feed can increase the Cd balance if adequate Zn is not provided, which can lead to subclinical mineral disturbances and changes in the mineral concentrations in wool.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J C Phillips
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
It is well known that many toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) action result from interactions with essential elements, including zinc (Zn). These interactions can take place at different stages of absorption, distribution in the organism and excretion of both metals and at the stage of Zn biological functions. Exposure to Cd leads to disturbance in Zn in the organism on the one hand, while dietary Zn intake has an important effect on Cd absorption, accumulation and toxicity on the other. The Zn status of the body is important in relation to development of Cd toxicity. Numerous data show that increased Zn supply may reduce Cd absorption and accumulation and prevent or reduce the adverse actions of Cd, whereas Zn deficiency can intensify Cd accumulation and toxicity. In this review, the interactions between these two trace elements in humans and animals are discussed on the basis of the available literature and our own results, against the background of general population exposure to Cd and common nutritional deficiency of Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical Academy, Mickiewicza 2c str, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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