1
|
Rapid and selective aptamer-based fluorescence detection of salivary lysozyme using plasmonic metal-enhanced fluorescence of ZnSSe alloyed quantum dots-gold nanoparticle nanohybrid. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
2
|
Adegoke O, Takemura K, Park EY. Plasmonic Oleylamine-Capped Gold and Silver Nanoparticle-Assisted Synthesis of Luminescent Alloyed CdZnSeS Quantum Dots. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1357-1366. [PMID: 30023803 PMCID: PMC6045352 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel strategy to tune the structural and optical properties of luminescent alloyed quantum dot (QD) nanocrystals using plasmonic gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). Alloyed CdZnSeS QDs were synthesized via the organometallic synthetic route with different fabrication strategies that involve alternative utilization of blends of organic surfactants, ligands, capping agents, and plasmonic oleylamine (OLA)-functionalized AuNPs and AgNPs. Ligand exchange with thiol l-cysteine (l-cyst) was used to prepare the hydrophilic nanocrystals. Analysis of the structural properties using powder X-ray diffraction revealed that under the same experimental condition, the plasmonic NPs altered the diffractive crystal structure of the alloyed QDs. Depending on the fabrication strategy, the crystal nature of OLA-AuNP-assisted CdZnSeS QDs was a pure hexagonal wurtzite domain and a cubic zinc-blende domain, whereas the diffraction pattern of OLA-AgNP-assisted CdZnSeS QDs was dominantly a cubic zinc-blende domain. Insights into the growth morphology of the QDs revealed a steady transformation from a heterogeneous growth pattern to a homogenous growth pattern that was strongly influenced by the plasmonic NPs. Tuning the optical properties of the alloyed QDs via plasmonic optical engineering showed that the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of the AuNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs was tuned from 10 to 31%, whereas the PL QY of the AgNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs was tuned from 15 to 90%. The low PL QY was associated with the surface defect state, while the remarkably high PL QY exhibited by the AgNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs lends strong affirmation that the fabrication strategy employed in this work provides a unique opportunity to create single ensemble, multifunctional, highly fluorescent alloyed QDs for tailored biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasesan Adegoke
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Kenshin Takemura
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Localized surface plasmon resonance-mediated fluorescence signals in plasmonic nanoparticle-quantum dot hybrids for ultrasensitive Zika virus RNA detection via hairpin hybridization assays. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:513-522. [PMID: 28343104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The current epidemic caused by the Zika virus (ZIKV) and the devastating effects of this virus on fetal development, which result in an increased incidence of congenital microcephaly symptoms, have prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare the ZIKV a public health issue of global concern. Efficient probes that offer high detection sensitivity and specificity are urgently required to aid in the point-of-care treatment of the virus. In this study, we show that localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) signals from plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to mediate the fluorescence signal from semiconductor quantum dot (Qdot) nanocrystals in a molecular beacon (MB) biosensor probe for ZIKV RNA detection. Four different plasmonic NPs functionalized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), namely MPA-AgNPs, MPA-AuNPs, core/shell (CS) Au/AgNPs, and alloyed AuAgNPs, were synthesized and conjugated to L-glutathione-capped CdSeS alloyed Qdots to form the respective LSPR-mediated fluorescence nanohybrid. The concept of the plasmonic NP-Qdot-MB biosensor involves using LSPR from the plasmonic NPs to mediate a fluorescence signal to the Qdots, triggered by the hybridization of the target ZIKV RNA with the DNA loop sequence of the MB. The extent of the fluorescence enhancement based on ZIKV RNA detection was proportional to the LSPR-mediated fluorescence signal. The limits of detection (LODs) of the nanohybrids were as follows: alloyed AuAgNP-Qdot646-MB (1.7 copies/mL)) > CS Au/AgNP-Qdot646-MB (LOD =2.4 copies/mL) > AuNP-Qdot646-MB (LOD =2.9 copies/mL) > AgNP-Qdot646-MB (LOD =7.6 copies/mL). The LSPR-mediated fluorescence signal was stronger for the bimetallic plasmonic NP-Qdots than the single metallic plasmonic NP-Qdots. The plasmonic NP-Qdot-MB biosensor probes exhibited excellent selectivity toward ZIKV RNA and could serve as potential diagnostic probes for the point-of care detection of the virus.
Collapse
|
4
|
Adegoke O, Park EY. Bright luminescent optically engineered core/alloyed shell quantum dots: an ultrasensitive signal transducer for dengue virus RNA via localized surface plasmon resonance-induced hairpin hybridization. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3047-3058. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00388a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A plasmon-mediated fluorescence molecular beacon biosensor probe has been developed for dengue virus with high sensitivity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasesan Adegoke
- Laboratory of Biotechnology
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Adegoke O, Park EY. Gold Nanoparticle-Quantum Dot Fluorescent Nanohybrid: Application for Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-induced Molecular Beacon Ultrasensitive DNA Detection. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:523. [PMID: 27888497 PMCID: PMC5124020 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In biosensor design, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-induced signal from gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-conjugated reporter can produce highly sensitive nanohybrid systems. In order to retain the physicochemical properties of AuNPs upon conjugation, high colloidal stability in aqueous solution is needed. In this work, the colloidal stability with respect to the zeta potential (ZP) of four negatively charged thiol-functionalized AuNPs, thioglycolic (TGA)-AuNPs, 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-AuNPs, L-cysteine-AuNPs and L-glutathione (GSH)-AuNPs, and a cationic cyteamine-capped AuNPs was studied at various pHs, ionic strength, and NP concentration. A strong dependence of the ZP charge on the nanoparticle (NP) concentration was observed. High colloidal stability was exhibited between pH 3 and 9 for the negatively charged AuNPs and between pH 3 and 7 for the cationic AuNPs. With respect to the ionic strength, high colloidal stability was exhibited at ≤104 μM for TGA-AuNPs, L-cysteine-AuNPs, and GSH-AuNPs, whereas ≤103 μM is recommended for MPA-AuNPs. For the cationic AuNPs, very low ionic strength of ≤10 μM is recommended due to deprotonation at higher concentration. GSH-AuNPs were thereafter bonded to SiO2-functionalized alloyed CdZnSeS/ZnSe1.0S1.3 quantum dots (SiO2-Qdots) to form a plasmon-enhanced AuNP-SiO2-Qdots fluorescent nanohybrid. The AuNP-SiO2-Qdots conjugate was afterward conjugated to a molecular beacon (MB), thus forming an ultrasensitive LSPR-induced SiO2-Qdots-MB biosensor probe that detected a perfect nucleotide DNA sequence at a concentration as low as 10 fg/mL. The limit of detection was ~11 fg/mL (1.4 fM) while the biosensor probe efficiently distinguished between single-base mismatch and noncomplementary sequence target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasesan Adegoke
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529 Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529 Japan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vancová M, Slouf M, Langhans J, Pavlová E, Nebesářová J. Application of colloidal palladium nanoparticles for labeling in electron microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2011; 17:810-816. [PMID: 21902867 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927611000547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The application of palladium nanoparticles as electron-dense markers for labeling in both transmission and scanning electron microscopy requires their conjugation to a specific protein. The conjugation protocol described here includes the dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) capping of Pd nanoparticles (8 nm equivalent diameter) and their subsequent covalent attachment to functional protein molecules such as streptavidin, protein A, or avidin. The single-step reaction was mediated using the cross-linking agent ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The final Pd conjugates were fully functional, as demonstrated by labeling of ultrathin resin sections of either bovine serum albumin or secretory granules of the salivary gland isolated from the partially fed female Ixodes ricinus tick. The results of bovine serum labeling were quantified, statistically evaluated, and compared with results obtained using commercially available gold particle conjugates (10 nm diameter). The highest values of labeling density were achieved using both streptavidin-Pd (106 ± 7 particles/μm2) and protein A-Au conjugates (130 ± 18 particles/μm2) compared to a commercial streptavidin-Au (66 ± 16 particles/μm2) and protein A-Pd conjugates (70 ± 11 particles/μm2). The concentrations of both DHLA and EDC, pH during conjugation, and finally thorough washing away of unbound proteins crucially influenced conjugation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vancová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Griffith J, Reggiori F. Ultrastructural analysis of nanogold-labeled endocytic compartments of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a cryosectioning procedure. J Histochem Cytochem 2009; 57:801-9. [PMID: 19435716 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2009.952952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a valuable model organism for the study of the endosomal system of eukaryotic cells. Morphological analyses, however, have been limited because of the lack of specific protein markers and of procedures that lead to a satisfactory ultrastructural resolution. We have recently developed an immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) protocol adapted from the Tokuyasu method to prepare cryosections from mildly fixed yeast. This novel approach allows excellent cell preservation and a unique resolution of the yeast morphology. Here, we present a protocol that combines this procedure with the specific labeling of the various endosomal compartments with positively charged Nanogold. In particular, we show that this new protocol generates excellent results when applied for the examination of early and late endosomes, and of mutants with an endosomal trafficking defect. Importantly, this method is compatible with immunogold labeling of protein markers, and it is consequently appropriate for localization studies of both resident and cargo proteins. This new IEM protocol will be a valuable tool for the large community of scientists using yeast as a model system to investigate the membrane transport and the biogenesis of the endosomal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janice Griffith
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomembranes, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Augustin R, Riley J, Moley KH. GLUT8 Contains a [DE]XXXL[LI] Sorting Motif and Localizes to a Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Compartment. Traffic 2005; 6:1196-212. [PMID: 16262729 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glucose transporter 8 (GLUT8) contains a cytoplasmic N-terminal dileucine motif and localizes to a thus far unidentified intracellular compartment. Translocation of GLUT8 to the plasma membrane (PM) was found in insulin-treated mouse blastocysts. Using overexpression of GLUT8 in adipocytes and neuronal cells however, insulin treatment or depolarization of the cells did not lead to GLUT8 PM translocation in other studies. In addition, other experiments showing dynamin-dependent endocytosis of GLUT8 suggested that GLUT8 recycles between an endosomal compartment and the PM. To reveal the functional/physiological role of GLUT8, we studied its subcellular localization in 3T3L1, HEK293 and CHO cells. We show that GLUT8 does not co-localize with GLUT4 and does not redistribute to the PM after treatment with insulin, ionophores or okadaic acid in these cell lines. Once endocytosed, GLUT8 does not recycle to the PM. GLUT8 localizes to late endosomes and lysosomes. An interspecies GLUT8 - sequence alignment revealed the presence of a highly conserved late endosomal/lysosomal-targeting motif ([DE]XXXL[LI]). Changing the glutamate to arginine as found in GLUT4 (RRXXXLL) alters GLUT8 endocytosis and retains the transporter at the PM. Furthermore, sorting GLUT8 to late endosomes/lysosomes does not require prior presence of GLUT8 at the PM followed by its endocytosis. In summary, GLUT8 does not reside in a recycling vesicle pool and is distinct from GLUT4. From our data, we postulate a role for GLUT8 in transport of hexoses across intracellular membranes, for example in specific compartments of GLUT8 expression such as the acrosome of mature spermatozoa or secretory granules in neurons. Furthermore, a role for GLUT8 in hexose transport across the lysosomal membrane, a transport mechanism that has long been suggested but unexplained, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Augustin
- Institute for Human Nutrition, Department of Pharmacology, 14482 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ubbink J, Schär-Zammaretti P. Probing bacterial interactions: integrated approaches combining atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy and biophysical techniques. Micron 2005; 36:293-320. [PMID: 15857770 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2004.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Revised: 11/24/2004] [Accepted: 11/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in the application of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and other biophysical techniques for the study of bacterial interactions and adhesion are discussed in the light of established biological and microscopic approaches. Whereas molecular-biological techniques combined with electron microscopy allow the identification and localization of surface constituents mediating bacterial interactions, with AFM it has become possible to actually measure the forces involved in bacterial interactions. Combined with the flexibility of AFM in probing various types of physical interactions, such as electrostatic interactions, specific ligand-receptor interactions and the elastic forces of deformation and extension of bacterial surface polymers and cell wall, this provides prospects for the elucidation of the biophysical mechanism of bacterial interaction. However, because of the biochemical and a biophysical complexity of the bacterial cell wall, integrated approaches combining AFM with electron microscopy and biophysical techniques are needed to elucidate the mechanism by which a bacterium interacts with a host or material surface. The literature on electron microscopy of the bacterial cell wall is reviewed, with particular emphasis on the staining of specific classes of cell-wall constituents. The application of AFM in the analysis of bacterial surfaces is discussed, including AFM operating modes, sample preparation methods and results obtained on various strains. For various bacterial strains, the integration of EM and AFM data is discussed. Various biophysical aspects of the analysis of bacterial surface structure and interactions are discussed, including the theory of colloidal interactions and Bell's theory of cell-to-cell adhesion. An overview is given of biophysical techniques used in the analysis of the properties of bacterial surfaces and bacterial surface constituents and their integration with AFM. Finally, we discuss recent progress in the understanding of the role of bacterial interactions in medicine within the framework of the techniques and concepts discussed in the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Job Ubbink
- Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, P.O. Box 44, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Longo A, Gradini R, Mattei V, Morgante E, Sale P, Tafani M, Lipari M, Pontieri GM, Russo MA. C3-induced 3LL cell proliferation is mediated by C kinase. J Cell Biochem 2005; 94:635-44. [PMID: 15547948 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the third component of complement (C3)(1) and its peptides increase normal and tumour cell proliferation. However, the signal cascade responsible for this phenomenon is still unknown. In this study, we elucidate some of the mechanisms involved in the signalling of C3 stimulation of cell proliferation. We have first investigated the in and out traffic of C3 peptides, then we have identified the subcellular localisation of internalised C3 and, finally, we have explored the role of protein phosphorylation in C3 traffic and in the proliferation of the Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) cells. Our results indicate that traffic of C3 is not dependent on cytoskeletal integrity and requires protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation. In addition, proliferation of 3LL cells stimulated by C3 depends on both C3 internalisation and protein-kinase C phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostina Longo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, La Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324 00161 Roma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guais A, Solhonne B, Melaine N, Guellaen G, Bulle F. Goliath, a ring-H2 mitochondrial protein, regulated by luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin in rat leydig cells. Biol Reprod 2003; 70:204-13. [PMID: 13679316 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.018820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We have cloned the rat homologue of the ring-H2 protein Goliath involved in Drosophila development. The rat Goliath mRNA (1.85 kb) was translated as a major ubiquitous protein species of 28-kDa and three larger isoforms (50, 46, and 36 kDa) expressed mainly in liver, lung, stomach, heart, and thymus and barely detectable in other tissues (kidney, skeletal muscle, brain, testis, intestine, and spleen). By immunohistochemistry on rat testis sections, we localized the protein in interstitial tissue and seminiferous tubules. In tubules, Goliath was expressed mainly in postmeiotic germ cells and to a much lesser extent in Sertoli cells. In the interstitium, Goliath was exclusively present in Leydig cells. Using a series of immunolabeling, cellular fractionation, and electron microscopy experiments, we established that Goliath is present in mitochondria of the R2C Leydig cell line. Using short-term hypophysectomized animals, we showed that Goliath is regulated by LH/hCG in Leydig cells but not in germ cells. This regulation in Leydig cells concerned only the 50-kDa isoform. This report is the first description of a differential regulation of the Goliath protein between germ cells and Leydig cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Guais
- Unité INSERM 581, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barois N, de Saint-Vis B, Lebecque S, Geuze HJ, Kleijmeer MJ. MHC class II compartments in human dendritic cells undergo profound structural changes upon activation. Traffic 2002; 3:894-905. [PMID: 12453152 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2002.31205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Immature dendritic cells efficiently capture exogenous antigens in peripheral tissues. In an inflammatory environment, dendritic cells are activated and become highly competent antigen-presenting cells. Upon activation, they lose their ability for efficient endocytosis and gain capability to migrate to secondary lymphoid organs. In addition, peptide loading of MHC class II molecules is enhanced and MHC class II/peptide complexes are redistributed from an intracellular location to the plasma membrane. Using immuno-electron microscopy, we show that activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells induced striking modifications of the lysosomal multilaminar MHC class II compartments (MIICs), whereby electron-dense tubules and vesicles emerged from these compartments. Importantly, we observed that MHC class II expression in these tubules/vesicles transiently increased, while multilaminar MIICs showed a strongly reduced labeling of MHC class II molecules. This suggests that formation of the tubules/vesicles from multilaminar MIICs could be linked to transport of MHC class II from these compartments to the cell surface. Further characterization of endocytic organelles with lysosomal marker proteins, such as the novel dendritic cell-specific lysosomal protein DC-LAMP, HLA-DM and CD68, revealed differential sorting of these markers to the tubules and vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Barois
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University School of Medicine, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sachse M, van Kerkhof P, Strous GJ, Klumperman J. The ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis motif is required for efficient incorporation of growth hormone receptor in clathrin-coated pits, but not clathrin-coated lattices. J Cell Sci 2001; 114:3943-52. [PMID: 11719561 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.114.21.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) requires an active ubiquitin-conjugation system. In addition, it depends on a 10 amino acid residues motif in the GHR-cytoplasmic tail, the ubiquitin dependent-endocytosis or UbE-motif. To gain insight into the role of ubiquitination in the early steps of endocytosis, we performed an ultrastructural analysis of GH-uptake in Chinese hamster cells expressing wild-type or mutant GHRs. In wild-type GHR cells, GH was found to be exclusively taken up via clathrin-coated pits. In early endosomes it was efficiently sorted from recycling transferrin and targeted to the degradative pathway. Mutation of all lysine residues of a truncated GHR (GHR-399K–) precludes ubiquitination of the receptor, but internalization of GHR-399K– still depends on an active ubiquitin system. We found that GHR-399K– incorporates GH into clathrin-coated vesicles with the same efficiency as wild-type GHR. By contrast, a mutation in the UbE-motif (GHR-F327A) largely abolished incorporation of GH into clathrin-coated vesicles. Notably, access of GH to clathrin-coated lattices was not affected in GHR-F327A cells. These data corroborate and extend previous data that the UbE-motif but not ubiquitination of the receptor itself recruits GHR into clathrin-coated vesicles. Moreover, they suggest that incorporation of GHR into clathrin-coated lattices is differentially regulated from incorporation into clathrin-coated pits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sachse
- Department of Cell Biology, AZU G02.525, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht University Medical Center and Institute of Biomembranes, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
van Kerkhof P, Alves dos Santos CM, Sachse M, Klumperman J, Bu G, Strous GJ. Proteasome inhibitors block a late step in lysosomal transport of selected membrane but not soluble proteins. Mol Biol Cell 2001; 12:2556-66. [PMID: 11514635 PMCID: PMC58613 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.12.8.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway acts as a regulator of the endocytosis of selected membrane proteins. Recent evidence suggests that it may also function in the intracellular trafficking of membrane proteins. In this study, several models were used to address the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in sorting of internalized proteins to the lysosome. We found that lysosomal degradation of ligands, which remain bound to their receptors within the endocytic pathway, is blocked in the presence of specific proteasome inhibitors. In contrast, a ligand that dissociates from its receptor upon endosome acidification is degraded under the same conditions. Quantitative electron microscopy showed that neither the uptake nor the overall distribution of the endocytic marker bovine serum albumin-gold is substantially altered in the presence of a proteasome inhibitor. The data suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is involved in an endosomal sorting step of selected membrane proteins to lysosomes, thereby providing a mechanism for regulated degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P van Kerkhof
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Smit AB, Syed NI, Schaap D, van Minnen J, Klumperman J, Kits KS, Lodder H, van der Schors RC, van Elk R, Sorgedrager B, Brejc K, Sixma TK, Geraerts WP. A glia-derived acetylcholine-binding protein that modulates synaptic transmission. Nature 2001; 411:261-8. [PMID: 11357121 DOI: 10.1038/35077000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that glial cells actively modulate neuronal synaptic transmission. We identified a glia-derived soluble acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP), which is a naturally occurring analogue of the ligand-binding domains of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Like the nAChRs, it assembles into a homopentamer with ligand-binding characteristics that are typical for a nicotinic receptor; unlike the nAChRs, however, it lacks the domains to form a transmembrane ion channel. Presynaptic release of acetylcholine induces the secretion of AChBP through the glial secretory pathway. We describe a molecular and cellular mechanism by which glial cells release AChBP in the synaptic cleft, and propose a model for how they actively regulate cholinergic transmission between neurons in the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Research Institute Neurosciences Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Biology, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Belaaouaj A, Kim KS, Shapiro SD. Degradation of outer membrane protein A in Escherichia coli killing by neutrophil elastase. Science 2000; 289:1185-8. [PMID: 10947984 DOI: 10.1126/science.289.5482.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In determining the mechanism of neutrophil elastase (NE)-mediated killing of Escherichia coli, we found that NE degraded outer membrane protein A (OmpA), localized on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. NE killed wild-type, but not OmpA-deficient, E. coli. Also, whereas NE-deficient mice had impaired survival in response to E. coli sepsis, as compared to wild-type mice, the presence or absence of NE had no influence on survival in response to sepsis that had been induced with OmpA-deficient E. coli. These findings define a mechanism of nonoxidative bacterial killing by NE and point to OmpA as a bacterial target in host defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Belaaouaj
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Wit H, Lichtenstein Y, Geuze HJ, Kelly RB, van der Sluijs P, Klumperman J. Synaptic vesicles form by budding from tubular extensions of sorting endosomes in PC12 cells. Mol Biol Cell 1999; 10:4163-76. [PMID: 10588650 PMCID: PMC25750 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.12.4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The putative role of sorting early endosomes (EEs) in synaptic-like microvesicle (SLMV) formation in the neuroendocrine PC12 cell line was investigated by quantitative immunoelectron microscopy. By BSA-gold internalization kinetics, four distinct endosomal subcompartments were distinguished: primary endocytic vesicles, EEs, late endosomes, and lysosomes. As in other cells, EEs consisted of vacuolar and tubulovesicular subdomains. The SLMV marker proteins synaptophysin and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP-2) localized to both the EE vacuoles and associated tubulovesicles. Quantitative analysis showed that the transferrin receptor and SLMV proteins colocalized to a significantly higher degree in primary endocytic vesicles then in EE-associated tubulovesicles. By incubating PC12 cells expressing T antigen-tagged VAMP (VAMP-TAg) with antibodies against the luminal TAg, the recycling pathway of SLMV proteins was directly visualized. At 15 degrees C, internalized VAMP-TAg accumulated in the vacuolar domain of EEs. Upon rewarming to 37 degrees C, the labeling shifted to the tubular part of EEs and to newly formed SLMVs. Our data delineate a pathway in which SLMV proteins together with transferrin receptor are delivered to EEs, where they are sorted into SLMVs and recycling vesicles, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H de Wit
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre and Institute for Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prekeris R, Yang B, Oorschot V, Klumperman J, Scheller RH. Differential roles of syntaxin 7 and syntaxin 8 in endosomal trafficking. Mol Biol Cell 1999; 10:3891-908. [PMID: 10564279 PMCID: PMC25687 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.11.3891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/1999] [Accepted: 09/08/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand molecular mechanisms that regulate the intricate and dynamic organization of the endosomal compartment, it is important to establish the morphology, molecular composition, and functions of the different organelles involved in endosomal trafficking. Syntaxins and vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) families, also known as soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), have been implicated in mediating membrane fusion and may play a role in determining the specificity of vesicular trafficking. Although several SNAREs, including VAMP3/cellubrevin, VAMP8/endobrevin, syntaxin 13, and syntaxin 7, have been localized to the endosomal membranes, their precise localization, biochemical interactions, and function remain unclear. Furthermore, little is known about SNAREs involved in lysosomal trafficking. So far, only one SNARE, VAMP7, has been localized to late endosomes (LEs), where it is proposed to mediate trafficking of epidermal growth factor receptor to LEs and lysosomes. Here we characterize the localization and function of two additional endosomal syntaxins, syntaxins 7 and 8, and propose that they mediate distinct steps of endosomal protein trafficking. Both syntaxins are found in SNARE complexes that are dissociated by alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein and NSF. Syntaxin 7 is mainly localized to vacuolar early endosomes (EEs) and may be involved in protein trafficking from the plasma membrane to the EE as well as in homotypic fusion of endocytic organelles. In contrast, syntaxin 8 is likely to function in clathrin-independent vesicular transport and membrane fusion events necessary for protein transport from EEs to LEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Prekeris
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5428, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hammond C, Denzin LK, Pan M, Griffith JM, Geuze HJ, Cresswell P. The Tetraspan Protein CD82 Is a Resident of MHC Class II Compartments Where It Associates with HLA-DR, -DM, and -DO Molecules. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1998. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.161.7.3282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In specialized APCs, MHC class II molecules are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transported through the Golgi apparatus to organelles of the endocytic pathway collectively called MHC class II compartments (MIICs). There, the class II-associated invariant chain is degraded, and peptides derived from internalized Ag bind to empty class II in a reaction that is facilitated by the class II-like molecule HLA-DM. An mAb raised to highly purified, immunoisolated MIICs from human B lymphoblastoid cells recognized CD82, a member of the tetraspan family of integral membrane proteins. Subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy showed that CD82 is highly enriched in MIICs, particularly in their internal membranes. Coprecipitation analysis showed that CD82 associates in MIICs with class II, DM, and HLA-DO (an inhibitor of peptide loading that binds DM). Similar experiments showed CD63, another tetraspan protein found in MIICs, also associates with these molecules in the compartment and that CD82 and CD63 associate with each other. Preclearing experiments demonstrated that both CD82 and CD63 form complexes with DM-associated class II and DM-associated DO. The ability of CD82 and CD63 to form complexes with class II, DM, and DO in MIICs suggests that the tetraspan proteins may play an important role in the late stages of MHC class II maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craig Hammond
- *Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Lisa K. Denzin
- *Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Mary Pan
- *Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Janice M. Griffith
- †University of Utrecht, Department of Cell Biology, Medical School ACU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. Geuze
- †University of Utrecht, Department of Cell Biology, Medical School ACU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Cresswell
- *Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Escola JM, Kleijmeer MJ, Stoorvogel W, Griffith JM, Yoshie O, Geuze HJ. Selective enrichment of tetraspan proteins on the internal vesicles of multivesicular endosomes and on exosomes secreted by human B-lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:20121-7. [PMID: 9685355 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 895] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules with peptides occurs in a series of endocytic vacuoles, termed MHC class II-enriched compartments (MIICs). Morphological criteria have defined several types of MIICs, including multivesicular MIICs, which are composed of 50-60-nm vesicles surrounded by a limiting membrane. Multivesicular MIICs can fuse with the plasma membrane, thereby releasing their internal vesicles into the extracellular space. The externalized vesicles, termed exosomes, carry MHC class II and can stimulate T-cells in vitro. In this study, we show that exosomes are enriched in the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and in several tetraspan proteins, including CD37, CD53, CD63, CD81, and CD82. Interestingly, subcellular localization of these molecules revealed that they were concentrated on the internal membranes of multivesicular MIICs. In contrast to the tetraspans, other membrane proteins of MIICs, such as HLA-DM, Lamp-1, and Lamp-2, were mainly localized to the limiting membrane and were hardly detectable on the internal membranes of MIICs nor on exosomes. Because internal vesicles of multivesicular MIICs are thought to originate from inward budding of the limiting membrane, the differential distribution of membrane proteins on the internal and limiting membranes of MIICs has to be driven by active protein sorting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Escola
- Department of Cell Biology, Utrecht University School of Medicine, AZU, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fleming JC, Berger G, Guichard J, Cramer EM, Wagner DD. The transmembrane domain enhances granular targeting of P-selectin. Eur J Cell Biol 1998; 75:331-43. [PMID: 9628319 DOI: 10.1016/s0171-9335(98)80066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
P-selectin is an integral membrane glycoprotein that is stored in granules of endothelial cells and platelets. The cytoplasmic domain of P-selectin is known to contain at least part of the signal that directs the protein to storage granules. In order to more fully understand how P-selectin is targeted to the regulated secretory pathway, we have expressed chimeric constructs between P- and E-selectin, a protein which is expressed on the cell surface, in a rat insulinoma cell line. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that replacing the cytoplasmic domain of E-selectin with that of P-selectin resulted in low-level granular expression. In contrast, when both the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of E-selectin were replaced with the analogous domains of P-selectin, the granular localization appeared greatly increased. This was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy which demonstrated a three- to fourfold improvement in granular targeting, i.e. similar to wild-type P-selectin. The transmembrane domain had to be in the context of the P-selectin cytoplasmic domain as this membrane-spanning region could not induce granular targeting on its own. These results describe a novel function for the transmembrane domain of P-selectin in enhancing the efficiency of granular targeting and further implicate protein transmembrane domains in intracellular trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Fleming
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
St Geme JW, Grass S. Secretion of the Haemophilus influenzae HMW1 and HMW2 adhesins involves a periplasmic intermediate and requires the HMWB and HMWC proteins. Mol Microbiol 1998; 27:617-30. [PMID: 9489673 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-typable Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of human disease and initiates infection by colonizing the upper respiratory tract. The non-typeable H. influenzae HMW1 and HMW2 non-pilus adhesins mediate attachment to human epithelial cells, an essential step during colonization. In order to facilitate interaction with host cells, HMW1 and HMW2 are localized on the surface of the organism in a process that involves cleavage of a 441-amino-acid N-terminal fragment. In the present study, we investigated the pathway for the secretion of HMW1 and HMW2. Cell fractionation experiments and cryoimmunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that a periplasmic intermediate occurs, suggesting involvement of the Sec machinery. Additional analysis revealed that, ultimately, the proteins are partially released from the surface of the organism. Studies with Escherichia coli harbouring plasmid subclones extended earlier findings and suggested that the secretion of HMW1 requires accessory proteins designated HMW1B and HMW1C, while the secretion of HMW2 requires proteins called HMW2B and HMW2C. Further analysis established that HMW1B/HMW1C and HMW2B/HMW2C are interchangeable, an observation consistent with the high degree of homology between HMW1B and HMW2B and between HMW1C and HMW2C. Additional studies of the hmw1 locus indicated that HMW1B is located in the outer membrane and serves to translocate HMW1 across the outer membrane. In the absence of HMW1B, HMW1 remains unprocessed and is degraded in the periplasmic space, at least in part by the DegP protease. Mutagenesis of an HMW1 N-terminal motif shared with other secreted proteins resulted in diminished processing and extracellular release, suggesting interaction of this motif with the HMW1B protein. Continued investigation of the HMW1 and HMW2 adhesins may provide general insights into protein secretion and bacterial pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W St Geme
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kleijmeer MJ, Morkowski S, Griffith JM, Rudensky AY, Geuze HJ. Major histocompatibility complex class II compartments in human and mouse B lymphoblasts represent conventional endocytic compartments. J Cell Biol 1997; 139:639-49. [PMID: 9348281 PMCID: PMC2141717 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.139.3.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/1997] [Revised: 08/22/1997] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In most human and mouse antigen-presenting cells, the majority of intracellular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules resides in late endocytic MHC class II compartments (MIICs), thought to function in antigen processing and peptide loading. However, in mouse A20 B cells, early endocytic class II-containing vesicles (CIIVs) have been reported to contain most of the intracellular MHC class II molecules and have also been implicated in formation of MHC class II-peptide complexes. To address this discrepancy, we have studied in great detail the endocytic pathways of both a human (6H5.DM) and a mouse (A20.Ab) B cell line. Using quantitative immunoelectron microscopy on cryosections of cells that had been pulse-chased with transferrin-HRP or BSA-gold as endocytic tracers, we have identified up to six endocytic subcompartments including an early MIIC type enriched in invariant chain, suggesting that it serves as an important entrance to the endocytic pathway for newly synthesized MHC class II/invariant chain complexes. In addition, early MIICs represented the earliest endocytic compartment containing MHC class II- peptide complexes, as shown by using an antibody against an abundant endogenous class II-peptide complex. The early MIIC exhibited several though not all of the characteristics reported for the CIIV and was situated just downstream of early endosomes. We have not encountered any special class II-containing endocytic structures besides those normally present in nonantigen-presenting cells. Our results therefore suggest that B cells use conventional endocytic compartments rather than having developed a unique compartment to accomplish MHC class II presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Kleijmeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Slot JW, Garruti G, Martin S, Oorschot V, Posthuma G, Kraegen EW, Laybutt R, Thibault G, James DE. Glucose transporter (GLUT-4) is targeted to secretory granules in rat atrial cardiomyocytes. J Cell Biol 1997; 137:1243-54. [PMID: 9182659 PMCID: PMC2132533 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.137.6.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/1996] [Revised: 03/27/1997] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT-4 is found in muscle and fat cells in the trans-Golgi reticulum (TGR) and in an intracellular tubulovesicular compartment, from where it undergoes insulin-dependent movement to the cell surface. To examine the relationship between these GLUT-4-containing compartments and the regulated secretory pathway we have localized GLUT-4 in atrial cardiomyocytes. This cell type secretes an antihypertensive hormone, referred to as the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), in response to elevated blood pressure. We show that GLUT-4 is targeted in the atrial cell to the TGR and a tubulo-vesicular compartment, which is morphologically and functionally indistinguishable from the intracellular GLUT-4 compartment found in other types of myocytes and in fat cells, and in addition to the ANF secretory granules. Forming ANF granules are present throughout all Golgi cisternae but only become GLUT4 positive in the TGR. The inability of cyclohexamide treatment to effect the TGR localization of GLUT-4 indicates that GLUT-4 enters the ANF secretory granules at the TGR via the recycling pathway and not via the biosynthetic pathway. These data suggest that a large proportion of GLUT-4 must recycle via the TGR in insulin-sensitive cells. It will be important to determine if this is the pathway by which the insulin-regulatable tubulo-vesicular compartment is formed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Slot
- Department of Cell Biology, Medical School, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kuliawat R, Klumperman J, Ludwig T, Arvan P. Differential sorting of lysosomal enzymes out of the regulated secretory pathway in pancreatic beta-cells. J Cell Biol 1997; 137:595-608. [PMID: 9151667 PMCID: PMC2139876 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.137.3.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/1996] [Revised: 02/14/1997] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In cells specialized for secretory granule exocytosis, lysosomal hydrolases may enter the regulated secretory pathway. Using mouse pancreatic islets and the INS-1 beta-cell line as models, we have compared the itineraries of procathepsins L and B, two closely related members of the papain superfamily known to exhibit low and high affinity for mannose-6-phosphate receptors (MPRs), respectively. Interestingly, shortly after pulse labeling INS cells, a substantial fraction of both proenzymes exhibit regulated exocytosis. After several hours, much procathepsin L remains as precursor in a compartment that persists in its ability to undergo regulated exocytosis in parallel with insulin, while procathepsin B is efficiently converted to the mature form and can no longer be secreted. However, in islets from transgenic mice devoid of cation-dependent MPRs, the modest fraction of procathepsin B normally remaining within mature secretory granules is increased approximately fourfold. In normal mouse islets, immunoelectron microscopy established that both cathepsins are present in immature beta-granules, while immunolabeling for cathepsin L, but not B, persists in mature beta-granules. By contrast, in islets from normal male Sprague-Dawley rats, much of the proenzyme sorting appears to occur earlier, significantly diminishing the stimulus-dependent release of procathepsin B. Evidently, in the context of different systems, MPR-mediated sorting of lysosomal proenzymes occurs to a variable extent within the trans-Golgi network and is continued, as needed, within immature secretory granules. Lysosomal proenzymes that fail to be sorted at both sites remain as residents of mature secretory granules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kuliawat
- Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Eikenella corrodens is a gram-negative human pathogen associated with periodontal diseases and soft-tissue infections. Pilin was purified by association-dissociation and fast protein liquid chromatography; it had an apparent molecular mass of about 14.8 kDa and an N-terminal amino acid sequence reflective of type IV pilins. Antibodies to the purified protein reacted with pili on whole cells. This is the first report of purification of type IV pili/pilin from this organism. Other type IV pili are important virulence factors; we are currently investigating the biological role of pili in E. corrodens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B L Hood
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City 64110, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Locker JK, Opstelten DJ, Ericsson M, Horzinek MC, Rottier PJ. Oligomerization of a trans-Golgi/trans-Golgi network retained protein occurs in the Golgi complex and may be part of its retention. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:8815-21. [PMID: 7721788 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.15.8815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The mouse hepatitis virus M protein is a triple spanning membrane glycoprotein that, when expressed independently, localizes to trans-Golgi as well as to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Passage of this protein from the endoplasmic reticulum through the intermediate compartment to the late Golgi and TGN can be conveniently followed by analyzing its O-linked sugars. Using pulse-chase analyses we studied the oligomerization of the M protein in sucrose gradients. The Golgi and TGN forms migrated as large heterogeneous complexes, whereas the endoplasmic reticulum and intermediate compartment forms of the protein appeared to migrate as monomer. Moreover, a mutant of the M protein lacking the 22 COOH-terminal amino acids, that is transported to the plasma membrane, gave rise to similar complexes, albeit smaller in size, that persisted at the plasma membrane. We propose that the trans-Golgi/TGN retention of the MHV-M protein is governed by two mechanisms: oligomerization possibly mediated by the transmembrane domains and binding of its cytoplasmic tail to cellular factors in trans Golgi/TGN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Locker
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Locker JK, Klumperman J, Oorschot V, Horzinek MC, Geuze HJ, Rottier PJ. The cytoplasmic tail of mouse hepatitis virus M protein is essential but not sufficient for its retention in the Golgi complex. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)46923-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
|
29
|
Bu G, Maksymovitch EA, Geuze H, Schwartz AL. Subcellular localization and endocytic function of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein in human glioblastoma cells. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)43962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
30
|
Kleijmeer MJ, Oorschot VM, Geuze HJ. Human resident langerhans cells display a lysosomal compartment enriched in MHC class II. J Invest Dermatol 1994; 103:516-23. [PMID: 7930676 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12395666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cells are the antigen-presenting cells of the skin, belonging to the family of dendritic cells, which present exogenous antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Langerhans cells are potent stimulators of different T-cell responses including primary immune responses. Culturing of Langerhans cells leads to modulation of their phenotype and function, as they seem more capable of activating T cells, whereas freshly isolated Langerhans cells are specialized in the endocytosing and processing of antigen. We studied the intracellular distribution of MHC-II molecules and invariant chain (I-chain) in resident Langerhans cells using immunogold labeling of ultrathin cryosections of human epidermis and found the majority of intracellular MHC-II molecules present on membranes of rough endoplasmic reticulum and in so-called MHC-II-enriched compartments (MIIC). The MIIC appeared to be negative for the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor and positive for the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase and acquired the endocytotic tracer, cationized horseradish peroxidase, only after 60 min of internalization. Taken together, these data show that MIIC in Langerhans cells share characteristics with lysosomes. I-chain, which is associated with MHC-II molecules in early biosynthetic compartments, was found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, but was detected only occasionally in MIIC and at the plasma membrane. MIIC with internal membrane vesicles showed some I-chain labeling, suggesting that these are newly formed MIIC in which degradation of the I-chain is not yet complete.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Kleijmeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Metzelaar MJ, Schuurman HJ, Heijnen HFG, Sixma JJ, Nieuwenhuis HK. Biochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of CD62 and CD63 monoclonal antibodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02890428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
Kleijmeer MJ, Kelly A, Geuze HJ, Slot JW, Townsend A, Trowsdale J. Location of MHC-encoded transporters in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi. Nature 1992; 357:342-4. [PMID: 1589036 DOI: 10.1038/357342a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune recognition of intracellular proteins is mediated by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules that present short peptides to cytotoxic T cells. Evidence suggests that peptides arise by cleavage of proteins in the cytoplasm and are transported by a signal-independent mechanism into a pre-Golgi region of the cell, where they take part in the assembly of class I heavy chains with beta 2-microglobulin (reviewed in refs 5-7). Analysis of cells that have defects in class I molecule assembly and antigen presentation has shown that this phenotype can result from mutations in either of the two ABC transporter genes located in the class II region of the MHC. This suggested that the protein complex encoded by these two genes transports peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we report additional evidence by showing that the transporter complex is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and is probably oriented with its ATP-binding domains in the cytosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Kleijmeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase: a short NH2-terminal fragment that includes the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domain is sufficient for Golgi retention. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
34
|
Analysis of the compartmentalization of myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
35
|
Damke H, Klumperman J, von Figura K, Braulke T. Effects of brefeldin A on the endocytic route. Redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptors to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
36
|
Stoorvogel W, Strous GJ, Geuze HJ, Oorschot V, Schwartz AL. Late endosomes derive from early endosomes by maturation. Cell 1991; 65:417-27. [PMID: 1850321 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90459-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosed proteins destined for degradation in lysosomes are targeted mainly to early endosomes following uptake. Late endosomes are the major site for entry of newly synthesized lysosomal hydrolases via the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor into the degradative pathway. No consensus exists as to the mechanism of transport from early to late endosomes. We used asialoorosomucoid and transferrin to label selected parts of the degradative and receptor-recycling pathways, respectively, in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Intracellular mixing of sequentially endocytosed 125I- and HRP-labeled ligands was monitored by using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine-mediated density perturbation. The entire endocytic pathway of asialoorosomucoid, except for the lysosomes, remained fully accessible to subsequently endocytosed transferrin conjugated to HRP with unchanged kinetics. These results together with immunoelectron microscopic data support a model in which early endosomes gradually mature into late endosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Stoorvogel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Utrecht Medical School, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Peters PJ, Neefjes JJ, Oorschot V, Ploegh HL, Geuze HJ. Segregation of MHC class II molecules from MHC class I molecules in the Golgi complex for transport to lysosomal compartments. Nature 1991; 349:669-76. [PMID: 1847504 DOI: 10.1038/349669a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traffic of MHC molecules dictates the source of peptides that are presented to T cells. The intracellular distribution of MHC class I and class II molecules reflects the dichotomy in presentation of antigen from endogenous and exogenous origin, respectively. In human B lymphoblastoid cells, class I molecules are present in compartments constituting the biosynthetic pathway, whereas class II molecules enter structures related to lysosomes during their biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Peters
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Medical School, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Metzelaar MJ, Wijngaard PL, Peters PJ, Sixma JJ, Nieuwenhuis HK, Clevers HC. CD63 antigen. A novel lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, cloned by a screening procedure for intracellular antigens in eukaryotic cells. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)49980-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
39
|
Mayer F, Madkour M, Nolte A, Varma A. 14 Fine-structural Analysis of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Root Systems: Negative Staining and Cryoelectron Microscopic Techniques. J Microbiol Methods 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0580-9517(08)70184-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
40
|
Geerts A, Schuppan D, Lazeroms S, De Zanger R, Wisse E. Collagen type I and III occur together in hybrid fibrils in the space of Disse of normal rat liver. Hepatology 1990; 12:233-41. [PMID: 2391065 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Collagen type I and procollagen type III were localized at the ultrastructural level on ultrathin frozen sections of rat liver by the protein A-gold technique using affinity-purified primary antibodies. Both collagen type I and procollagen type III were localized on nearly all solitary and bundled fibrils in the space of Disse. Simultaneous localization of collagen type I and procollagen type III by a double-labeling procedure using protein A-gold probes of different sizes unequivocally demonstrated the presence of both collagens in the same fibrils. Measurement of the diameter of large numbers of collagen fibrils in the space of Disse of the rat liver showed a unimodal distribution of the fibril diameters around an average value of 62.4 nm (S.D. = 12.8 nm), and 91% of the collagen bundles contained less than 30 fibrils. Additional measurements on epoxy resin-embedded material of five biopsy specimens of normal human liver showed a comparable unimodal distribution of the fibril diameters around an average value of 57.2 nm (S.D. = 9.6 nm), and 74% of the bundles contained less than 60 fibrils. The latter observation demonstrates that human liver contains broader interstitial collagen bundles than rat liver. From these results, we conclude that the space of Disse of normal rat and human liver contains a uniform population of striated interstitial collagen fibrils. In the rat liver, these fibrils contain both collagen type I and procollagen type III. Therefore the concept that procollagen type III is predominantly localized in small diameter fibrils or bundles, whereas collagen type I is preferentially localized in thick ones, does not hold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Geerts
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Slot JW, Moxley R, Geuze HJ, James DE. No evidence for expression of the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter in endothelial cells. Nature 1990; 346:369-71. [PMID: 2197560 DOI: 10.1038/346369a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A major effect of insulin is to increase glucose transport in muscle and fat. A family of genes encoding distinct mammalian glucose transporters has recently been elucidated. One of these, the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter (IRGT), is primarily expressed in muscle and fat, tissues that exhibit insulin-dependent glucose transport. Insulin promotes glucose transport in these tissues by stimulating movement of the glucose transporter from an intracellular location to the plasma membrane. Recent studies, however, suggest that an additional effect of insulin in these tissues may be the facilitation of glucose transport, presumably across capillary endothelium. This hypothesis is based on the localization of the IRGT in endothelial cells specific to muscle and adipose tissue. We report here, however, on morphological and biochemical studies using several different IRGT-specific antibodies in which we could not reproduce these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Slot
- Department of Cell Biology, Medical School, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Neefjes JJ, Stollorz V, Peters PJ, Geuze HJ, Ploegh HL. The biosynthetic pathway of MHC class II but not class I molecules intersects the endocytic route. Cell 1990; 61:171-83. [PMID: 2156628 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the intracellular traffic and subcellular distribution of MHC class I and class II antigens in comparison with a recycling surface glycoprotein, the transferrin receptor (Tfr), in the human lymphoblastoid cell line JY. No internalization was detectable for class I molecules. Class II molecules were internalized but did not recycle. In contrast, Tfr was found to internalize and recycle. The biosynthetic pathway of class II molecules differ from that of class I molecules in that it shows a delay (1-3 hr) in transport from trans-Golgi to cell surface: here it intersects the endocytic route. Immunoelectron microscopy using anti-MHC antibodies revealed the existence of vesicular structures that were intensely labeled for class II molecules. It is proposed that at this site combination of class II molecules with processed antigen could occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Neefjes
- Department of Cellular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Stein C, Hille A, Seidel J, Rijnbout S, Waheed A, Schmidt B, Geuze H, von Figura K. Cloning and Expression of Human Steroid-sulfatase. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)80080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
44
|
Slot JW, Posthuma G, Chang LY, Crapo JD, Geuze HJ. Quantitative aspects of immunogold labeling in embedded and in nonembedded sections. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY 1989; 185:271-81. [PMID: 2476022 DOI: 10.1002/aja.1001850220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We tried to control immunolabeling conditions so that information about antigen concentration could be achieved by quantifying labeling patterns. Working with immunogold labeling procedures in ultrathin cryosections, we observed that differential penetration of immunoreagents causes considerable differences in labeling efficiency between various cell structures. Therefore, in these nonembedded sections, labeling densities can only be used to measure variations in antigen concentration within one cell structure. After embedding the tissue in 30% polyacrylamide (PAA), differences in penetration were negated. The equalizing effect of PAA on the labeling efficiency enabled us to design a simple immunocytochemical method by which concentrations of a protein can be measured in situ at subcellular levels, provided that no variations in the protein's structural conformation occur that would affect its immunoreactivity. In spite of a higher sensitivity observed for Ig-gold, we preferred to use protein A-gold in our system because of the low nonspecific labeling and the more precise antigen detection by the latter immunomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Slot
- Department of Cell Biology, Medical School, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|