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Yang H, Hu X, Luo L, Chen S, Ma Q, Liang Y, Cheng Y, Ye Z, He B, Wang J, Chen F. Association of individual and combined exposures of 10 metals with periodontitis: Results from a large population-based study. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:669-678. [PMID: 38666324 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To systematically investigate the association between individual and combined metal exposure and periodontitis. METHODS Data encompassing complete periodontal examinations and metal detection in blood and urine samples were procured from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Three statistical methods, namely weighted logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, were used to evaluate the independent and combined associations between metals and periodontitis. RESULTS Elevated concentrations of blood cadmium (odds ratio [OR]: 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.61) and blood lead (OR: 1.17, 95 %CI: 1.02-1.34) exhibited a positive association with periodontitis, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. The BKMR and WQS regression suggested that the co-exposure of metals was also positively associated with periodontitis. Moreover, estradiol and albumin were identified as potential mediators in the relationship between the WQS index of the 10 metals in blood and periodontitis explaining 25.36% and 2.02% of the relationship, respectively. Furthermore, generally consistent patterns of associations between metals and periodontitis and mediating roles of estrogen and albumin were observed after a series of sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of positive associations between elevated levels of cadmium, lead or metal mixture and periodontitis, which may be partially mediated by sex hormones and oxidative stress indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuezhen Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zihao Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Park S, Lee I, Park YJ, Kim TY, Kim H, Choi K. Association of blood metal exposure with age at menarche in Korean women: KNHANES (2008-2017). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114312. [PMID: 38142537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to metals in their daily lives and this metal exposure is responsible for various adverse health effects. Delayed pubertal development has been suggested as an adverse outcome of metal exposure; however, evidence in nationally representative populations, especially in Asia, is limited. We evaluated the association of blood cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) levels with the age at menarche in Korean females whose blood heavy metals were measured as part of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2017. Among the females 16 years of age or older, all measured heavy metals in blood, i.e., Cd, Pb, and Hg, were positively associated with age at menarche. These associations remained significant in a model adjusted for age, survey year, income, education, body mass index, smoking history, and menopausal status as covariates (β: 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03-0.18 for Cd; β: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06-0.27 for Pb; β: 0.12, 95%CI: 0.05-0.19 for Hg). When the population was separated by age group at the time of the survey, the significance between heavy metal levels and age at menarche became inconsistent, but the general trends were similar. Among those in their 20s and 40s, blood Cd showed a significant association, while Pb was significant among those in their 40s and 50s. A similar trend was observed in the sensitivity analysis in the girls aged 10-15 years at the time of the survey. Blood Cd levels were associated with decreased odds of precocious menarche (OR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.31-1.03). Delayed menarche is a risk factor for cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases in later life; hence, public health implication of heavy metal exposure warrants a public health attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Inae Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Arabnezhad MR, Haghani F, Ghaffarian-Bahraman A, Jafarzadeh E, Mohammadi H, Yadegari JG, Farkhondeh T, Aschner M, Darroudi M, Marouzi S, Samarghandian S. Involvement of Nrf2 Signaling in Lead-induced Toxicity. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3529-3549. [PMID: 37221680 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230522143341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is used as one of the main protective factors against various pathological processes, as it regulates cells resistant to oxidation. Several studies have extensively explored the relationship between environmental exposure to heavy metals, particularly lead (Pb), and the development of various human diseases. These metals have been reported to be able to, directly and indirectly, induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause oxidative stress in various organs. Since Nrf2 signaling is important in maintaining redox status, it has a dual role depending on the specific biological context. On the one hand, Nrf2 provides a protective mechanism against metal-induced toxicity; on the other hand, it can induce metalinduced carcinogenesis upon prolonged exposure and activation. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the latest knowledge on the functional interrelation between toxic metals, such as Pb and Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Arabnezhad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haghani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman
- Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Emad Jafarzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Javad Ghasemian Yadegari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somayeh Marouzi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur 9318614139, Iran
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Liu Q, Hu S, Fan F, Zheng Z, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Association of blood metals with serum sex hormones in adults: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69628-69638. [PMID: 37140863 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and cadmium have been identified to have negative impacts on human health. Although the individual effects of these metals have been extensively researched, the present study aims to explore their combined effects and their association with serum sex hormones among adults. Data for this study were obtained from the general adult population of the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) and included five metal (mercury, cadmium, manganese, lead, and selenium) exposures and three sex hormones (total testosterone [TT], estradiol [E2], and sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG]) levels. The free androgen index (FAI) and TT/E2 ratio were also calculated. The relationships between blood metals and serum sex hormones were analysed using linear regression and restricted cubic spline regression. The effect of blood metal mixtures on sex hormone levels was examined using the quantile g-computation (qgcomp) model. There were 3,499 participants in this study, including 1,940 males and 1,559 females. In males, positive relationships between blood cadmium and serum SHBG (β=0.049 [0.006, 0.093]), lead and SHBG (β=0.040 [0.002, 0.079]), manganese and FAI (β=0.080 [0.016, 0.144]), and selenium and FAI (β=0.278 [0.054, 0.502]) were observed. In contrast, manganese and SHBG (β=-0.137 [-0.237, -0.037]), selenium and SHBG (β=-0.281 [-0.533, -0.028]), and manganese and TT/E2 ratio (β=-0.094 [-0.158, -0.029]) were negative associations. In females, blood cadmium and serum TT (β=0.082 [0.023, 0.141]), manganese and E2 (β=0.282 [0.072, 0.493]), cadmium and SHBG (β=0.146 [0.089, 0.203]), lead and SHBG (β=0.163 [0.095, 0.231]), and lead and TT/E2 ratio (β=0.174 [0.056, 0.292]) were positive relationships, while lead and E2 (β=-0.168 [-0.315, -0.021]) and FAI (β=-0.157 [-0.228, -0.086]) were negative associations. This correlation was stronger among elderly women (>50 years old). The qgcomp analysis revealed that the positive effect of mixed metals on SHBG was mainly driven by cadmium, while the negative effect of mixed metals on FAI was mainly driven by lead. Our findings indicate that exposure to heavy metals may disrupt hormonal homeostasis in adults, particularly in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongshan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China
| | - Shijian Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China
| | - Fufang Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China
| | - Zhixiang Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China
| | - Xinye Zhou
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515031, China.
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Shan D, Wen X, Guan X, Fang H, Liu Y, Qin M, Wang H, Xu J, Lv J, Zhao J, Chen H. Pubertal lead exposure affects ovary development, folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis by activation of IRE1α-JNK signaling pathway in rat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114919. [PMID: 37086621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidemic studies showed that lead exposures are associated with various female reproductive dysfunctions, including infertility, miscarriage, preterm delivery, and early menopause. However, the mechanism involved is still unclear. In the current study, SD rats were exposed to lead at doses of 0, 5, 25, 50 or 250 mg/L through drinking water from postnatal day 21-56. Lead exposures did not affect the body weight or ovary weight. However, the puberty initiation (ages by which vagina opens and estrous cycle occurs) was significantly delayed by as many as 5.8 and 6.8 days respectively (P < 0.05). Also, lead exposures disrupted the estrous cycles, reduced the numbers of primordial and primary follicles and increased the number of atretic follicles by adult. Furthermore, for the highest does group, serum levels of progesterone and testosterone decreased by 80.2% (P < 0.01) and 49.9% (P < 0.05) respectively, while estradiol level increased by 69.8% (P < 0.01). Western blot analyses indicated that lead exposures specifically down-regulated the expressions of steroidogenic protein STAR, CYP17A1, and HSD3B1, while up-regulated FSHR and CYP19A1. Also, the exposure stimulated the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related IRE1α-JNK signaling pathway members. Such activation may also result in apoptosis since the death-signaling molecules CHOP and cleaved-CASP3 were up-regulated while BCL2 was down-regulated. In conclusion, lead exposure during juvenile and puberty significantly affected ovary development and functions. The effects may relate to ERS response since the 6 members related to the pathway were all consistently activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaoju Guan
- Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou City, Department of Pediatric Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hangping Fang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Mengjie Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jingfeng Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Haolin Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou City, Department of Pediatric Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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6
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Pan K, Tu R, Cai Z, Huang Y, Zhang C. Association of blood lead with estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin in 8-19-year-old children and adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1096659. [PMID: 36843598 PMCID: PMC9944751 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1096659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metals can interfere with hormonal functioning through indirect mechanisms and by binding at the receptor site; thus, they may be associated with hormonal changes. However, there have been few studies on the health impact of metal exposure among children and adolescents. Thus, we aimed to examine the associations of blood lead level (BLL) with estradiol (E2) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) among children and adolescents aged 8-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS This was a cohort study of 2188 individuals from the NHANES. BLL was taken as independent variables, E2 and SHBG as dependent variable. We conducted weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings to evaluate the association between them. RESULTS The BLL was significantly positively associated with serum SHBG level in females, especially when the LnBLL quartiles are between Q3 and Q4. There was an inverted U-shaped association between BLL and E2 with the point of inflection at 1.86 μg/L and a U-shaped association between BLL and SHBG with the point of inflection at 1.86 μg/L in female adolescents aged 16-19 years. Meanwhile, In males, there was a positive trend of correlation between BLL and E2 in the 8-11 years, and 16-19 years groups. CONCLUSIONS This study found an inverted U-shaped association of BLL with E2 and a U-shaped association between BLL and SHBG in female adolescents aged 16-19 years. This indicates that adjusting blood lead exposure to mitigate the effects of lead on growth and development is important for adolescents aged 16-19 years. Controlling the BLL below 1.86 μg/L may minimize the damage to E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Pan
- Department of Paediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongliang Tu
- Department of Neonatology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixiu Cai
- Department of Paediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingdan Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengyue Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Chengyue Zhang,
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Choi J, Kim YS, Kim MH, Kim HJ, Yoon BE. Maternal lead exposure induces sex-dependent cerebellar glial alterations and repetitive behaviors. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:954807. [PMID: 36072563 PMCID: PMC9442054 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.954807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most prevalent heavy metals we encounter daily. Although there are many reports regarding their toxic effects on humans, the effects of exposure to low lead concentrations throughout the pregnancy period on the offspring are not fully elucidated yet. This study aimed to investigate the cellular mechanisms that occur in response to lead exposure. To this end, we administered lead-containing water to pregnant mice from the day of conception till delivery or till day 28 postnatally. Furthermore, we performed neurodevelopmental disorder-related behavior tests and RNA-sequencing analysis. We used both genders for all experiments because neurodevelopmental disorders usually show several sex-dependent differences. The results revealed increased levels of gliosis in the cerebella of lead-exposed pups compared to those in littermates belonging to the control group. Additionally, we observed altered behaviors of male mice in the autism spectrum disorder-related tests. RNA-sequencing results revealed changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in the lead-exposed mouse model. Specifically, the lead-exposed male mice showed decreased monoamine oxidase B and increased levels of diamine oxidase enzyme, which is related to the synthesis of GABA in astrocytes. These findings demonstrate sex-dependent basal developmental changes in glial cells and an increased prevalence of autistic-like behaviors in the young pups of mothers exposed to lead during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Yoo Sung Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Bo-Eun Yoon,
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Jiang G, Li Y, Liu J, Liu L, Pi F. Progress on aptamer-based SERS sensors for food safety and quality assessment: methodology, current applications and future trends. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:783-800. [PMID: 35943403 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that food safety has aroused extensive attentions from governments to researchers and to food industries. As a versatile technology based on molecular interactions, aptamer sensors which could specifically identify a wide range of food contaminants have been extensively studied in recent years. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy integrated aptamer combines the advantages of both technologies, not only in the ability to specifically identify a wide range of food contaminants, but also in the ultra-high sensitivity, simplicity, portable and speed. To provide beneficial insights into the evaluation techniques in the field of food safety, we offer a comprehensive review on the design strategies for aptamer-SERS sensors in different scenarios, including non-nucleic acid amplification methods ("on/off" mode, sandwich mode, competition model and catalytic model) and nucleic acid amplification methods (hybridization chain reaction, rolling circle amplification, catalytic hairpin assembly). Meanwhile, a special attention is paid to the application of aptamer-SERS sensors in biological (foodborne pathogenic, bacteria and mycotoxins) and chemical contamination (drug residues, metal ions, and food additives) of food matrix. Finally, the challenges and prospects of developing reliable aptamer-SERS sensors for food safety were discussed, which are expected to offer a strong guidance for further development and extended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- Wuxi Institute of Technology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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dos Santos NR, Rodrigues JLG, Bandeira MDJ, Anjos ALDS, Araújo CFDS, Adan LFF, Menezes-Filho JA. Manganese and Lead Exposure and Early Puberty Onset in Children Living near a Ferromanganese Alloy Plant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7158. [PMID: 35742410 PMCID: PMC9222911 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb) have been associated with the deregulation of the neuroendocrine system, which could potentially favor the appearance of precocious puberty (PP) in environmentally exposed children. This study aims to evaluate the exposure to Mn and Pb and their potential effects in anticipating puberty in school-aged children living near a ferromanganese alloy plant in Bahia, Brazil. Toenail, occipital hair and blood samples were collected from 225 school-aged children. Tanner’s scale was used for pubertal staging. Mn in blood (MnB), toenail (MnTn) and hair (MnH) and blood lead (PbB) levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Puberty-related hormone concentrations were determined by chemiluminescence. The age at which girls’ breasts began to develop was inversely correlated with weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-scores (p < 0.05); pubarche also had similar results. Mn biomarker levels did not present differences among pubertal classification nor among children with potential PP or not. Furthermore, Mn exposure was not associated with the age of onset of sexual characteristics for either girls or boys. However, PbB levels were positively correlated with boys’ pubic hair stages (rho = 0.258; p = 0.009) and associated with the age of onset of girls’ pubarche (β = 0.299, 95%CI = 0.055−0.542; p = 0.017). Testosterone and LH concentrations were statistically higher in boys with an increased PbB (p = 0.09 and p = 0.02, respectively). Prospective studies are needed to better assess the association between exposure to Mn and Pb and the early onset of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Ribeiro dos Santos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Juliana Lima Gomes Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Matheus de Jesus Bandeira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
| | - Ana Laura dos Santos Anjos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
| | - Cecília Freitas da Silva Araújo
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil;
| | - Luis Fernando Fernandes Adan
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, College of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil;
| | - José Antonio Menezes-Filho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (N.R.d.S.); (A.L.d.S.A.)
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Brazil; (J.L.G.R.); (M.d.J.B.)
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10
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Age at Menarche in Urban Girls Exposed to Lead in the Copper Basin, Poland. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040584. [PMID: 35453783 PMCID: PMC9025223 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead negatively affects human growth and development. In this research, we aimed to assess the effect of elevated blood lead level on age at menarche (AM), controlling for body mass index (BMI) and estimated fatness. The sample included 490 girls aged 7−16 examined in Polkowice town (Copper Basin, Poland) in 2008. Measurements included height, weight, skinfold thicknesses and estimated percentage of body fat. AM was assessed using the status quo method. Blood samples were taken for lead level assessment. Two groups were defined based on the median blood lead level for the total sample of children (3.7 µg/dL). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between AM and independent variables. The results indicated that menarche in the higher blood lead level group was significantly later compared to the lower blood lead level group (p < 0.01). This relationship remained only marginally significant when BMI (p < 0.10), sum of skinfolds (p < 0.09) or percentage of fat (p < 0.08) were controlled. The results revealed that a lower blood lead level (3.7 µg/dL) than the currently acceptable threshold (5 µg/dL) is related to a later AM; however, this relationship is moderated by body fatness, which may decrease its significance.
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11
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Bennis M, Perez-Tapia V, Alami S, Bouhnik O, Lamin H, Abdelmoumen H, Bedmar EJ, Missbah El Idrissi M. Characterization of plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia growing in metal-contaminated mine tailings in eastern Morocco. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114321. [PMID: 35021593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mining activity in the Touissit district of Eastern Morocco has led to an unprecedented accumulation of heavy metals, mainly lead and zinc, in the tailing ponds of the open-air mines. This poses a real danger to both the environment and local population. OBJECTIVES The goal of this work was to characterize the Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of R. pseudoacacia plants grown wild in the abandoned Pb- and Zn-contaminated tailing ponds in the mining district of Touissit, in Eastern Morocco. MAIN RESULTS One hundred bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plants growing naturally in the Touissit mine tailings. Quantitative determination of indole-acetic and siderophores production, inorganic phosphate solubilization, hydrolysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC deaminase activity), and ability to act as a biocontrol agent allowed selection of the 3 strains, 7MBT, 17MBT and 84MBT with improved PGP properties. The three strains grew well in the presence of high concentration of Pb-acetate and ZnCl2; and the addition of Pb or Zn to the culture medium differently affected the PGP properties analyzed. NOVELTY STATEMENT Inoculation of black locust grown with the 3 selected strains, in the presence 1000 μg ml-1 of Pb-acetate, produced varying effects on the plant dry weight. The strain 84MBT alone or in combination with strains 7MBT and 17MBT increased significantly the dry weight of the plants by 91, 62, and 85% respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of each strain showed that the strains 7MBT 17MBT and 84MBT had 99.34, 100, and had 99.72% similarity with Priestia endophytica (formerly B. endophyticus), B. pumilus NBRC 12092T, and B. halotolerans NBRC 15718T, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryeme Bennis
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Vicente Perez-Tapia
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC Apartado Postal 419, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Soufiane Alami
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Omar Bouhnik
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanane Lamin
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanaa Abdelmoumen
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Eulogio J Bedmar
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC Apartado Postal 419, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Mustapha Missbah El Idrissi
- Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 4, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat, Morocco.
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12
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West CN, Schell LM, Gallo MV. Sex differences in the association of measures of sexual maturation to common toxicants: Lead, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Ann Hum Biol 2022; 48:485-502. [PMID: 35105206 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1998623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many studies of human toxicant exposure examine the hypothesis that human sexual maturation can be affected through endocrine disruption. Within this body of literature there is significant variation in the findings. Variation may be related to the differential effects by toxicants between males and females as well as variation in sample size, toxicant levels, and the timing of exposure. We review sexual maturation outcomes between males and females when exposed to lead, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using a systematic process to gather peer-reviewed studies published from January 1994 through December 2019 on the NCBI website's PubMed search engine. The review includes 34 studies, some comprised of multiple analyses, to compare effects on sexual maturation by sex. The analysis shows that both boys and girls have delayed sexual maturation in relation to lead exposure. There are differences in the direction of effects associated with DDE/DDT and PCB exposure in boys and girls. PCBs exist as congeners of many structural forms, and that variation is considered in this review. Dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs exposure directionality differed between boys and girls as well. Future investigations into the basis of sex variation in DDE/DDT and PCB relationships to sexual maturation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N West
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.,Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mia V Gallo
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.,Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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13
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Svoboda LK, Ishikawa T, Dolinoy DC. Developmental toxicant exposures and sex-specific effects on epigenetic programming and cardiovascular health across generations. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2022; 8:dvac017. [PMID: 36325489 PMCID: PMC9600458 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite substantial strides in diagnosis and treatment, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the leading cause of death in the USA and around the world, resulting in significant morbidity and loss of productive years of life. It is increasingly evident that environmental exposures during early development can influence CVD risk across the life course. CVDs exhibit marked sexual dimorphism, but how sex interacts with environmental exposures to affect cardiovascular health is a critical and understudied area of environmental health. Emerging evidence suggests that developmental exposures may have multi- and transgenerational effects on cardiovascular health, with potential sex differences; however, further research in this important area is urgently needed. Lead (Pb), phthalate plasticizers, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants with numerous adverse human health effects. Notably, recent evidence suggests that developmental exposure to each of these toxicants has sex-specific effects on cardiovascular outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms, and their effects on future generations, require further investigation. This review article will highlight the role for the developmental environment in influencing cardiovascular health across generations, with a particular emphasis on sex differences and epigenetic mechanisms. In particular, we will focus on the current evidence for adverse multi and transgenerational effects of developmental exposures to Pb, phthalates, and PFAS and highlight areas where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie K Svoboda
- *Correspondence address. Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Tel: +734-764-2032; E-mail:
| | - Tomoko Ishikawa
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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14
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Tao C, Li Z, Fan Y, Li X, Qian H, Yu H, Xu Q, Lu C. Independent and combined associations of urinary heavy metals exposure and serum sex hormones among adults in NHANES 2013-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 281:117097. [PMID: 33878511 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences indicated that heavy metals may disrupt human sex hormones. However, the combined effects of heavy metals on sex hormones remain to be clarified. To explore the independent and combined associations between heavy metal exposure and serum sex hormones among adults, data of 2728 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was applied. We examined independent and combined associations of fourteen urinary heavy metals and three serum sex steroid hormones (total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)). Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent associations between metal exposure and sex hormone alterations. Principle component analysis -weighted quantile sum regression (PCA-WQSR) model was performed to estimate the combined associations in our individuals. In the co-exposure model, we determined that weighted quantile sum (WQS) index of industrial pollutants was negatively associated with E2 in females (WQS Percent change8-metal = -20.6%; 95% CI: -30.1%, -9.96%), while in males WQS index of water pollutants was negatively related to SHBG (WQS Percent change8-metal = -5.35%; 95% CI: -9.88%, -0.598%). Cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn) and lead (Pb) were the dominating metals of female E2-negative association while Ba was the leading contributor related to male SHBG reduction, which was consistent with the results of multivariate linear regression. Additionally, in postmenopausal women, the associations of E2 decrease with heavy metal co-exposure remained significant while Cd and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were identified as hazardous metals in the mixture. We concluded that the exposure to heavy metals was associated with human sex hormone alterations in independent or combined manners. Considering the design of NHANES study, further studies from other national-representative surveys are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiuzhu Li
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Hong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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15
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Qu J, Niu H, Wang J, Wang Q, Li Y. Potential mechanism of lead poisoning to the growth and development of ovarian follicle. Toxicology 2021; 457:152810. [PMID: 33984407 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of economic globalization and industrialization, lead (Pb), one of the most important heavy metals, has been used widely since antiquity for several purposes. In fact, its impact on the health of animals and humans is a significant public health risk all the time. Pb could be accumulated in the body for a long time, causing irreversible damage to the health of animals and humans, including hostile reproductive health. Up to now, although there are some published studies on impeding the normal development of ovarian folliculogenesis of female resulted from Pb exposure, with the damage of structure in uterine tissue, the imbalance of female menstrual status, and the change of hormone levels. The potential mechanism of Pb exposure on female reproduction system, however, remains enigmatic. How to alleviate the damage of Pb toxicity to reproductive function of female has become an urgent problem. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to discuss the information on the growth and development of ovarian follicle of mammalians and the potential toxic mechanism when exposed to Pb. The literatures were collected via various websites and consulting books, reports, etc. In summary, Pb impair folliculogenesis of mammalians, which may be related to the interference to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in turn impairs various molecules including proteins, lipids and DNA, as well as the disruption of the antioxidant defense system, ionic equilibrium and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Qu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Haoyuan Niu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yongjun Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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16
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The Effect of Whole Blood Lead (Pb-B) Levels on Changes in Peripheral Blood Morphology and Selected Biochemical Parameters, and the Severity of Depression in Peri-Menopausal Women at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome or with Metabolic Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145033. [PMID: 32668760 PMCID: PMC7400500 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the impact of whole blood lead (Pb-B) levels on changes in peripheral blood morphology and selected biochemical parameters, and the severity of depression in peri-menopausal women at risk of metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) or with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The study involved 233 women from the general population of the West Pomeranian Province (Poland) aged 44–65 years. The intensity of menopausal symptoms and the severity of depression was examined using the Blatt–Kupperman Index (KI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride levels (TG), cortisol, morphology of blood cells and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Pb-B was measured. Women with MetS had higher levels of glucose, HbA1C, HDL, LDL, TG, cortisol, insulin and higher HOMA-IR. No significant differences in Pb-B were observed between pre-MetS and the control group, and between pre-MetS and the MetS group. A significant correlation was noticed between Pb-B vs. the percentage of monocytes in blood, and blood cortisol levels in women with MetS; Pb-B vs. lymphocyte count and HbA1C in the pre-MetS group, as well as in the BDI scores between the MetS and pre-MetS group. We cannot clearly state that exposure to Pb is an environmental factor that can be considered as a risk factor for MetS in this studied group.
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Koli S, Prakash A, Choudhury S, Mandil R, Garg SK. Mercury affects uterine myogenic activity even without producing any apparent toxicity in rats: Involvement of calcium-signaling cascades. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 57:40-47. [PMID: 31557574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mercury is an established environmental toxicant reported to cause reproductive disorders in women, however, its direct action on myometrial activity is yet to be understood. Earlier we have reported the underlying mechanism of mercury-induced myometrial contractions following in vitro exposure; however, no such information on the effect of mercury on myometrial activity following in vivo exposure is available, therefore, the present study was undertaken. OBJECTIVE Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of mercury on myometrial activity following in vivo exposure of rats and unravel the possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Female Wistar rats were orally exposed to mercury (5, 50 and 500 μg/L in drinking water) for 28 days to investigate the toxicodynamics of mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced alterations in myometrial activity. Response of the isolated myometrial strips to different spasmogens was recorded using polyphysiograph. Blood and uterine calcium, mercury, iron and zinc levels were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Blood biochemicals and serum hormonal profiles (estradiol, progesterone) were also determined. RESULTS No systemic toxicity of mercury was observed in any of the treatment groups (5, 50 and 500 μg/L) in terms of alterations in body weight, organ weights, blood biochemical parameters including hormonal profile. Interestingly, mercury at 5 μg/L concentration significantly increased the receptor-dependent (PGF2α-induced) and receptor-independent (CaCl2-induced and high K+-depolarizing solution-induced) myometrial contractions and it was coupled with corresponding increase in the uterine calcium levels. However, mercury at higher dose levels (50 and 500 μg/L) did not significantly alter the myometrial response. CONCLUSION Our results evidently suggest that mercury at low level (5 μg/L) produced detrimental effect on myometrial activity by altering calcium entry into the smooth muscle and/or the release of calcium from intracellular stores without causing any apparent systemic toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Koli
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, UP, India
| | - Atul Prakash
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, UP, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Mandil
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, UP, India
| | - Satish K Garg
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, UP, India.
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18
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Choi HS. Relationships of Lead, Mercury and Cadmium Levels with the Timing of Menarche among Korean Girls. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2020; 26:98-106. [PMID: 35004455 PMCID: PMC8650882 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2020.26.1.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study utilized data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to explore differences in the timing of menarche in Korean girls according to blood heavy metal concentrations. METHODS This study performed a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the sixth KNHANES. Data from 179 female children and adolescents aged 10~18 were included in this study. The relationships of blood heavy metal concentrations (lead, mercury, and cadmium) with age of menarche were analyzed using complex sample multiple logistic regression. RESULTS In the participants of this study, the geometric mean values of blood lead, mercury, and cadmium concentrations were 1.15±0.04 μg/dL, 1.80±0.08 μg/L, and 0.30±0.03 μg/L, respectively. Mercury poisoning (>5 μg/L) was found in 1.5% of participants. Furthermore, significant relationships were found between blood lead and mercury concentrations and age at menarche (p for trend: p<.001 and p=.015, respectively). CONCLUSION Through an analysis of national big data, this study found evidence that Korean girls showed a younger age at menarche in response to higher blood lead and mercury concentrations. To prevent and manage precocious puberty in Korean children and adolescents, a systematic policy that monitors both exposure to environmental hazards and blood heavy metal concentrations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Seon Choi
- Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, Woosuk University, Wanju, Korea
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19
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Dees WL, Hiney JK, Srivastava VK. Regulation of prepubertal dynorphin secretion in the medial basal hypothalamus of the female rat. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12810. [PMID: 31715027 PMCID: PMC6916394 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The onset of puberty is the result of an increase in secretion of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This action is a result of not only the development of stimulatory inputs to its release, but also the gradual decrease in inhibitory inputs that restrain release of the peptide prior to pubertal onset. Dynorphin (DYN) is one of the inhibitory inputs produced in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH); however, little is known about what substance(s) control its prepubertal synthesis and release. Because neurokinin B (NKB) increases in the hypothalamus as puberty approaches, we considered it a candidate for such a role. An initial study investigated the acute effects of an NKB agonist, senktide, on the secretion of DYN from MBH tissues incubated in vitro. In other experiments, central injections of senktide were administered to animals for 4 days then MBHs were collected for assessment of DYN synthesis or for the in vitro secretion of both DYN and GnRH. Because insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 has been shown to play an important role at puberty, additional animals received central injections of this peptide for 4 days to assess NKB and DYN synthesis or the in vitro secretion of NKB. The results obtained show that senktide administration up-regulates the NKB receptor protein, at the same time as suppressing the DYN and its receptor. Senktide consistently suppressed DYN and elevated GnRH secretion in the same tissue incubates from both the acute and chronic studies. IGF-1 administration caused an increase in NKB protein, at the same time as decreasing DYN protein. Furthermore, the central administration of IGF-1 caused an increase in NKB release, an action blocked by the IGF-1 receptor blocker, JB-1. These results indicate that the IGF-1/NKB pathway contributes to suppressing the DYN inhibitory tone on prepubertal GnRH secretion and thus facilitates the puberty-related increase in the release of GnRH to accelerate the onset of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L. Dees
- Department of Veterinary Integrative BiosciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA
| | - Jill K. Hiney
- Department of Veterinary Integrative BiosciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA
| | - Vinod K. Srivastava
- Department of Veterinary Integrative BiosciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA
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Early lead exposure and childhood adiposity in Mexico city. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:965-970. [PMID: 31257186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal and early childhood lead exposures have been associated with reduced weight in infants and young children, while studies that have examined such associations in children during peripubescence are rare. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations of prenatal and early-life exposure to lead with indices of adiposity in peripubertal children living in Mexico City. METHODS Maternal bone lead (as a proxy for cumulative fetal exposure) was assessed at 1 month postpartum. Blood samples were obtained from children annually from 1 to 4 years. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between each lead biomarker and BMI z-score, waist circumference, sum of skinfolds and body fat percentage in 248 children aged 8-16 years. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, maternal patella lead was associated with lower child BMI z-score (β = -0.02, 95% CI: 0.03, -0.01, p = 0.004), waist circumference (β = -0.12 cm, 95% CI: 0.22, -0.03, p = 0.01), sum of skinfolds (β = -0.29 mm, 95% CI: 0.50, -0.08, p = 0.007) and body fat percentage (β = -0.09%, 95% CI: 0.17, -0.01, p = 0.03). No significant associations were detected from the postnatal exposure period. CONCLUSIONS We observed a significant and inverse association of prenatal lead exposure with body composition in Mexican children, suggesting the potential role of early lead exposure in the fetal programming of child growth. Further research on the biological mechanisms underlying these associations is needed.
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Liu Y, Téllez-Rojo MM, Sánchez BN, Zhang Z, Afeiche MC, Mercado-García A, Hu H, Meeker JD, Peterson KE. Early lead exposure and pubertal development in a Mexico City population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:445-451. [PMID: 30763831 PMCID: PMC6472946 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined the association between blood lead levels and pubertal timing in adolescent girls; however, the evidence is lacking on the role of lead exposure during sensitive developmental periods on sexual maturation. OBJECTIVES To examine the association of prenatal and early childhood lead exposure with pubertal stages among 264 boys and 283 girls aged 9.8-18.0 years in Mexico City. METHODS We measured maternal bone lead (a proxy for cumulative fetal exposure to lead from maternal bone stores mobilized during pregnancy) at 1 month postpartum. Blood lead was measured annually from 1 to 4 years. Pubertal stage was assessed by a pediatrician. We examined the association between lead and pubertal stages of breast, pubic hair and genitalia using ordinal regression. Age at menarche was evaluated using Cox proportional-hazard models. RESULTS Multivariate models showed that maternal patella lead and early childhood blood lead were inversely associated with breast growth (patella OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.51-1.00; blood OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93) in girls. Girls with maternal patella lead in the 3rd tertile and child blood lead in the 2nd tertile had a later age at menarche compared with girls in the 1st tertile (patella HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.41-0.88; blood HR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.91). Additionally, early childhood blood lead was negatively associated with pubic hair growth (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.90) in girls. No associations were found in boys. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that higher prenatal and early childhood exposure to lead may be associated with delayed pubertal development in girls but not boys. Our findings are consistent with previous analyses and reinforce the reproductive effects of lead for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Myriam C Afeiche
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrianna Mercado-García
- Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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22
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Garcia EM, da Silva Júnior FMR, Baisch PRM, Soares MCF, Muccillo-Baisch AL. Effect of mixing two environmental stressors, pH and metal contaminants, on offspring of rats exposed during gestation and lactation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35555-35561. [PMID: 30353427 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In large urban centers, the toxicity of metal mixtures may be enhanced by physicochemical factors and environmental variables, including pH. Rio Grande, a municipality located in the extreme south of Brazil, has soils with high levels of contamination due to urban and industrial activities and a high prevalence of acid rain events. Previous studies have shown that contact with elutriate of these soils can cause physiological and reproductive changes. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate, through animal experimentation, the effects of a metal-contaminated soil, acidified by hydrofluoric acid at two different pH values (5.2 and 3.6), on the health of offspring of rats exposed during gestation and lactation. Female Wistar rats were gavaged daily for 42 days (gestation and breastfeeding) with soil elutriate contaminated with metals, using solvent with different pH values (6.0, 5.2, and 3.6). The following parameters were evaluated in their offspring: body and organ weight, length, appearance of developmental characteristics, and swimming. Experimental groups in which the progenitors were exposed to the solution at pH 3.6 exhibited a delayed increase in weight as well as motor deficit, with a decreased weight (onset) and length (beginning and end), while exposure in association with soil was an aggravating factor for the damages to the body. Exposure to the solution at pH 5.2 decreased the initial weight of the animals, impaired some parameters of weight development, and caused motor deficit on the 14th day. These novel findings reveal that the exposure of progenitors to environmental stressors can compromise the health of the offspring. Special attention should be given to populations living in areas with high prevalence of acid rain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edariane Menestrino Garcia
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96201-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Flores Soares
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luíza Muccillo-Baisch
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil
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Buser MC, Abadin HG, Irwin JL, Pohl HR. Windows of sensitivity to toxic chemicals in the development of reproductive effects: an analysis of ATSDR's toxicological profile database. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:553-578. [PMID: 30022686 PMCID: PMC6261274 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1496235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of the fetus is a complex process influenced by many factors including genetics, maternal health, and environmental exposures to toxic chemicals. Adverse developmental effects on the reproductive system have the potential to harm generations beyond those directly exposed. Here, we review the available literature in Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry toxicological profiles related to reproductive-developmental effects in animals following in utero exposure to chemicals. We attempt to identify windows of sensitivity. In the discussion, we correlate the findings with human development. The endpoints noted are fertility, estrus, anogenital distance, sex ratio, spermatogenesis, and mammary gland development. We identified some windows of sensitivity; however, the results were hampered by chronic-exposure studies designed to detect effects occurring throughout developmental, including multi-generational studies. This paper demonstrates the need for more acute studies in animals aimed at understanding time periods of development that are more susceptible to chemically induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie C Buser
- a US Department of Health and Human Services , Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Henry G Abadin
- a US Department of Health and Human Services , Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - John L Irwin
- a US Department of Health and Human Services , Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Hana R Pohl
- a US Department of Health and Human Services , Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry , Atlanta , GA , USA
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24
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Singh N, Kumar A, Gupta VK, Sharma B. Biochemical and Molecular Bases of Lead-Induced Toxicity in Mammalian Systems and Possible Mitigations. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:1009-1021. [PMID: 30178661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of lead exposure on mammals are reported to be devastating. Lead is present in all the abiotic environmental components such as brass, dust, plumbing fixtures, soil, water, and lead mixed imported products. Its continuous use for several industrial and domestic purposes has caused a rise in its levels, thereby posing serious threats to human health. The mechanisms involved in lead-induced toxicity primarily include free-radical-mediated generation of oxidative stress which directly imbalances the prooxidants and the antioxidants in body. The toxicity of lead involves damage primarily to major biomolecules (lipid, protein, and nucleic acids) and liver (hepatotoxicity), nervous system (neurotoxicity), kidney (nephrotoxicity) and DNA (genotoxicity), present in animals and humans. The activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, or Akt and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways are important for lead cytotoxicity. Lead increased apoptosis through signaling cascade and associated factors and significantly impairs cell differentiation and maturation. In addition, lead has great impact on metabolic pathways such as heme synthesis, thereby leading to the onset of anemia in lead exposed people. This review encompasses an updated account of varied aspects of lead-induced oxidative stress and the biomolecular consequences such as perturbations in physiological processes, apoptosis, carcinogenesis, hormonal imbalance, loss of vision, and reduced fertility and their possible remediation through synthetic (chelators) and natural compounds (plant-based principles). This paper is primarily concerned with the biomedical implications of lead-induced generation of free radical and the toxicity management in the mammalian system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
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25
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Jansen EC, Zhou L, Song PXK, Sánchez BN, Mercado A, Hu H, Solano M, Peterson KE, Tellez-Rojo MM. Prenatal lead exposure in relation to age at menarche: results from a longitudinal study in Mexico City. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 9:467-472. [PMID: 29706142 PMCID: PMC6070415 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174418000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Animal and cross-sectional epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal lead exposure is related to delayed menarche, but this has not been confirmed in longitudinal studies. We analyzed this association among 200 girls from Mexico City who were followed since the first trimester of gestation. Maternal blood lead levels were analyzed once during each trimester of pregnancy, and daughters were asked about their first menstrual cycle at a visit between the ages of 9.8 and 18.1 years. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for probability of menarche over the follow-up period using interval-censored Cox models, comparing those with prenatal blood lead level ⩾5 µg/dl to those with prenatal blood lead <5 µg/dl. We also estimated HRs and 95% CI with conventional Cox regression models, which utilized the self-reported age at menarche. In adjusted analyses, we accounted for maternal age, maternal parity, maternal education, and prenatal calcium treatment status. Across trimesters, 36-47% of mothers had blood lead levels ⩾5 µg/dl. Using interval-censored models, we found that during the second trimester only, girls with ⩾5 µg/dl prenatal blood lead had a later age at menarche compared with girls with prenatal blood lead levels <5 µg/dl (confounder-adjusted HR=0.59, 95% CI 0.28-0.90; P=0.05). Associations were in a similar direction, although not statistically significant, in the conventional Cox regression models, potentially indicating measurement error in the self-recalled age at menarche. In summary, higher prenatal lead exposure during the second trimester could be related to later onset of sexual maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Jansen
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
| | - L Zhou
- 2Department of Biostatistics,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
| | - P X K Song
- 2Department of Biostatistics,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
| | - B N Sánchez
- 2Department of Biostatistics,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
| | - A Mercado
- 3Center for Nutrition and Health Research,National Institute of Public Health,Cuernavaca,Morelos,Mexico
| | - H Hu
- 4Occupational and Environmental Health,Dalla Lana School of Public Health,University of Toronto,Toronto,ON,Canada
| | - M Solano
- 3Center for Nutrition and Health Research,National Institute of Public Health,Cuernavaca,Morelos,Mexico
| | - K E Peterson
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
| | - M M Tellez-Rojo
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA
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26
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Determination of Some Endocrine-Disrupting Metals and Organochlorinated Pesticide Residues in Baby Food and Infant Formula in Turkish Markets. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Thermodynamic study of nanoclusters of lead (Pb n , n = 1–6): adsorption of small molecules on the Pb n clusters. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Mitra P, Sharma S, Purohit P, Sharma P. Clinical and molecular aspects of lead toxicity: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2017; 54:506-528. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2017.1408562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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29
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High serum lead concentration in the first trimester is associated with an elevated risk of small-for-gestational-age infants. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 332:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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De Craemer S, Croes K, van Larebeke N, De Henauw S, Schoeters G, Govarts E, Loots I, Nawrot T, Nelen V, Den Hond E, Bruckers L, Gao Y, Baeyens W. Metals, hormones and sexual maturation in Flemish adolescents in three cross-sectional studies (2002-2015). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 102:190-199. [PMID: 28318602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormone levels and timing of sexual maturation are considered important markers for health status of adolescents in puberty, and previous research suggests they might be influenced by metal exposure. In three campaigns of the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHS I 2002-2006; FLEHS II 2007-2011 and FLEHS III 2012-2015), data were collected on internal exposure to metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Mn, Tl, Ni, Sb, Hg, As and As species) and sexual maturation in 2671 14-15years old adolescents. All metals were measured in blood and/or urine, except total- and methylmercury which were measured in hair samples. Sex hormone levels were measured in blood serum of adolescent males of the cohorts of FLEHS I and FLESH II. The use of a uniform methodology in successive campaigns allows to confirm associations between exposure and health in different cohorts and over time. Furthermore, mathematical and statistical density correction methods using creatinine or specific gravity were tested for urinary markers. Significant associations between sex hormones and maturity markers were observed in the FLEHS I and II campaigns, when both were assessed together. Regardless of the applied correction method, creatinine correction systematically introduced bias due to associations of creatinine with sex hormones and maturation markers, especially in adolescent males, while this is not the case for specific gravity. A series of exposure-response associations were found, but several involving Cd, Pb, As, Tl and Cu persisted in different FLEHS campaigns. The effects of Pb and Cu on luteinizing hormone, (free) testosterone, (free) oestradiol and maturation support a xenoestrogenic agonistic action on the feedback of oestradiol to the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. Our results suggest that specific care should be taken when selecting urine density correction for investigating associations with hormonal and maturation markers in adolescent males. Furthermore, the possibility of xenoestrogenic effects of certain metals in environmentally exposed adolescents warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam De Craemer
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium.
| | - Kim Croes
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium
| | - Nicolas van Larebeke
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium; Study Centre for Carcinogenesis and Primary Prevention of Cancer, Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | - Greet Schoeters
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Eva Govarts
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Ilse Loots
- Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vera Nelen
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Liesbeth Bruckers
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium
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Kim JH, Park Y, Kim SK, Moon HB, Park J, Choi K, Kim S. Timing of an accelerated body mass increase in children exposed to lead in early life: A longitudinal study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:72-77. [PMID: 28135615 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure to lead is known to cause various adverse health outcomes and early life obesity can affect permanent metabolic alterations leading to adverse health outcomes. To examine the relation between perinatal lead exposure and childhood obesity, lead level in cord bloods and growth- and obesity-related markers at birth were measured from 280 mother-child pairs. The weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) of children were measured at birth and followed up several times up to 27months of age. The relations between lead level and growth- and obesity-related markers were evaluated using a generalized linear model after adjustment for maternal age, maternal BMI, gestational period, cesarean section, and smoking status. The changes of child weight, height, and BMI z-scores at followed-up months of age after birth by lead exposure were evaluated using a generalized linear model after adjustment for covariates used in the analyses for growth- and obesity-related markers and child's gender. The lead level was positively associated with an increase of birth height (p=0.019) and a decrease of ponderal index at birth (p=0.027) in boys, but not in girls. Moreover, the lead level was positively associated with increases of BMI z-score after 18months of age (p=0.070 at 18months of age; p=0.003 at 24months of age; and p=0.002 at 27months of age). Perinatal lead exposure affected accelerated body mass increases at specific times of the children' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yelim Park
- College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Koo Kim
- College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongim Park
- College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Faulk C, Barks A, Liu K, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC. Early-life lead exposure results in dose- and sex-specific effects on weight and epigenetic gene regulation in weanling mice. Epigenomics 2016; 5:487-500. [PMID: 24059796 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiological and animal data suggest that the development of adult chronic conditions is influenced by early-life exposure-induced changes to the epigenome. This study investigates the effects of perinatal lead (Pb) exposure on DNA methylation and bodyweight in weanling mice. MATERIALS & METHODS Viable yellow agouti (A(vy)) mouse dams were exposed to 0, 2.1, 16 and 32 ppm Pb acetate before conception through weaning. Epigenetic effects were evaluated by scoring coat color of A(vy)/a offspring and quantitative bisulfite sequencing of two retrotransposon-driven (A(vy) and CDK5 activator-binding protein intracisternal A particle element) and two imprinted (Igf2 and Igf2r) loci in tail DNA. RESULTS Maternal blood Pb levels were below the limit of detection in controls, and 4.1, 25.1 and 32.1 µg/dl for each dose, respectively. Pb exposure was associated with a trend of increased wean bodyweight in males (p = 0.03) and altered coat color in A(vy)/a offspring. DNA methylation at A(vy) and the CDK5 activator-binding protein intracisternal A-particle element was significantly different from controls following a cubic trend (p = 0.04; p = 0.01), with male-specific effects at the A(vy) locus. Imprinted genes did not shift in methylation across exposures. CONCLUSION Dose- and sex-specific responses in bodyweight and DNA methylation indicate that Pb acts on the epigenome in a locus-specific fashion, dependent on the genomic feature hosting the CpG site of interest, and that sex is a factor in epigenetic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Faulk
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
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Nakade UP, Garg SK, Sharma A, Choudhury S, Yadav RS, Gupta K, Sood N. Lead-induced adverse effects on the reproductive system of rats with particular reference to histopathological changes in uterus. Indian J Pharmacol 2015; 47:22-6. [PMID: 25821306 PMCID: PMC4375813 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.150317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was undertaken to elucidate the adverse effect of lead on female reproductive system following in vivo exposure in rats. Materials and Methods: Animals of Group II, III and IV received lead acetate in drinking water (30, 100 and 300 ppm, respectively) for 28 days whereas Group I served as control. Lead levels in digested blood and bone samples were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: Marked and a significant decrease in per cent body weight gain was observed in rats of Group IV and III, respectively, compared to that in the control group. Relative uterine weights were found to decrease by 27% in Group III and IV compared to control and low dose lead treated (30 ppm) rats. Lead levels were found to increase in a linear manner in blood along with a marked increase in bone levels in 100 ppm exposure group while there was a decrease in both the blood and bones levels at 300 ppm exposure. Compared to plasma progesterone levels in rats of the control group, a nonsignificant (12.46–21.13%) reduction in plasma progesterone were observed in different lead-treated groups. No apparent gross pathological lesions were observed in any of the vital organs, including uterus. However, histopathological examination of uteri of different groups revealed lead-induced dose-dependent inflammatory changes, which were characterized by thickening of the endometrium, narrowing of uterine lumen, damage to endometrial glands and vacuolar degeneration in endometrial epithelial cells. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest lead-induced pathophysiological alterations in myometrium, which in turn may affect the reproductive efficiency of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayraj Premdas Nakade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Viswavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satish Kumar Garg
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Viswavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Viswavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Viswavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Viswavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Naresh Sood
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Lassiter MG, Owens EO, Patel MM, Kirrane E, Madden M, Richmond-Bryant J, Hines EP, Davis JA, Vinikoor-Imler L, Dubois JJ. Cross-species coherence in effects and modes of action in support of causality determinations in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Science Assessment for Lead. Toxicology 2015; 330:19-40. [PMID: 25637851 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The peer-reviewed literature on the health and ecological effects of lead (Pb) indicates common effects and underlying modes of action across multiple organisms for several endpoints. Based on such observations, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) applied a cross-species approach in the 2013 Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) for Lead for evaluating the causality of relationships between Pb exposure and specific endpoints that are shared by humans, laboratory animals, and ecological receptors (i.e., hematological effects, reproductive and developmental effects, and nervous system effects). Other effects of Pb (i.e., cardiovascular, renal, and inflammatory responses) are less commonly assessed in aquatic and terrestrial wildlife limiting the application of cross-species comparisons. Determinations of causality in ISAs are guided by a framework for classifying the weight of evidence across scientific disciplines and across related effects by considering aspects such as biological plausibility and coherence. As illustrated for effects of Pb where evidence across species exists, the integration of coherent effects and common underlying modes of action can serve as a means to substantiate conclusions regarding the causal nature of the health and ecological effects of environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Gooding Lassiter
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Oesterling Owens
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Molini M Patel
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Ellen Kirrane
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Meagan Madden
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Program, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Erin Pias Hines
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - J Allen Davis
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Lisa Vinikoor-Imler
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Jean-Jacques Dubois
- Southern Region Integrated Pest Management Center, North Carolina State University, 1730 Varsity Drive, Suite 110, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
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Arora M, Hare DJ. Tooth lead levels as an estimate of lead body burden in rats following pre- and neonatal exposure. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate assessment of early life lead exposure requires an accessible and reliable biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Arora
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory
- Department of Preventive Medicine
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- New York
- USA
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory
- Department of Preventive Medicine
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- New York
- USA
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Bennett DS, Birnkrant JM, Carmody DP, Lewis M. Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on pubertal development. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2014; 47:146-53. [PMID: 25446013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and pubertal development. Children (n=192; 41% with PCE) completed the Pubertal Development Scale (Petersen et al. 1988) and provided salivary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) samples at 6month intervals from 11 to 13years. PCE was examined as a predictor of pubertal status, pubertal tempo, and DHEA levels in mixed models analyses controlling for age, sex, environmental risk, neonatal medical problems, other prenatal exposures, and BMI. PCE interacted with age such that PCE predicted slower pubertal tempo during early adolescence. PCE also interacted with age to predict slower increases in DHEA levels during early adolescence. These findings suggest that PCE may affect pubertal development and, if slower pubertal tempo continues, could lead to delayed pubertal status in mid-adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Bennett
- Drexel University College of Medicine, GLAD Program, 4700 Wissahickon Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19144, United States.
| | - Jennifer M Birnkrant
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Institute for the Study of Child Development, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Dennis P Carmody
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Institute for the Study of Child Development, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Michael Lewis
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Institute for the Study of Child Development, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
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Hong YC, Kulkarni SS, Lim YH, Kim E, Ha M, Park H, Kim Y, Kim BN, Chang N, Oh SY, Kim YJ, Park C, Ha EH. Postnatal growth following prenatal lead exposure and calcium intake. Pediatrics 2014; 134:1151-9. [PMID: 25422017 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects on postnatal growth of maternal exposure to low levels of lead during pregnancy have not been well established. In addition, information is limited regarding the protective effect of dietary calcium intake during pregnancy against the effect of lead for fetal and postnatal growth. We investigated the relationship between prenatal exposure to lead and growth at birth and 6, 12, and 24 months postnatal, and evaluated the role of calcium intake against the effect of lead. METHODS A total of 1150 pregnant women, and their subsequent offspring, enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study (Mothers and Children's Environmental Health Study), were evaluated. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to estimate the effects of prenatal maternal blood lead levels on growth at each follow-up. RESULTS The blood lead levels of participating mothers were <5.0 μg/dL and mean levels were 1.25 μg/dL during the early (before 20 gestational weeks) and late (at delivery) gestational periods. Prenatal exposure to lead, particularly in late pregnancy, was significantly associated with a reduction in infantile growth at 24 months. When pregnant women had dietary calcium intake at mean or upper level, the association was not significant. In contrast, lower than mean level of calcium intake intensified the adverse effect of prenatal lead exposure on growth in children. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal lead exposure <5.0 μg/dL adversely affects postnatal growth and low calcium intake aggravates the effect, indicating more stringent control of lead and sufficient intake of calcium are necessary to help children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Medical Research Center
| | | | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Medical Research Center, Environmental Health Center and
| | | | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, and Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namsoo Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Young-Ju Kim
- Obstetrics Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chooghee Park
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Łuszczek-Trojnar E, Drąg-Kozak E, Szczerbik P, Socha M, Popek W. Effect of long-term dietary lead exposure on some maturation and reproductive parameters of a female Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio B.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:2465-78. [PMID: 24078275 PMCID: PMC3918121 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead is reported to be an endocrine disruptor. In the current study, we exposed female Prussian carp to artificial feed, supplemented with five doses of dietary Pb (0, 1 (control), 8, 13, 24, and 49 mg/kg) over either a 24-month period or a 12-month period, followed by further 12 months where the fish were fed the control diet. Periodically, oocyte maturation, gonadosomatic index (GSI), ability to secret luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as gonad Pb concentrations were measured. It was found that the reproductive system of the female Prussian carp is not indifferent to chronic exposure to lead. The negative effect was manifested by a decrease in the GSI after 12 months despite the fact that a higher proportion of oocytes at more advanced maturity stages were concurrently observed. After 12 months of exposure, the effect on LH secretion varied according to the dose. In the group exposed to the lowest dose (8 mg/kg), LH decreased spontaneously, and in the groups exposed to the highest two doses (24 and 48 mg/kg), a significantly higher LHRH-A-stimulated LH secretion was observed. After 24 months of lead exposure, the effects on oocyte maturation and size and on GSI values were not pronounced. Analysis of the effect of lead exposure on LH secretion showed that the relationships were similar to those observed after 12 months but nonsignificant. During chronic a 24-month period exposure to Pb, Prussian carp female appears to acclimate to Pb doses used in the experiment. After 12 months of exposure and 12 months of depuration, the levels of spontaneous and stimulated LH secretion observed in all the groups were similar to the control, which is evidence that depuration eliminates the previously observed effects of exposure to lead. Lead is easily accumulated in the ovary, reaching a fivefold higher level (0.8 mg/kg tissue) compared to the control(0.15 mg/kg tissue), but after discontinuation of exposure, this organ is quickly depurated. The results indicate that environmental Pb can be a potent endocrine disruptor affecting ovarian steroidogenesis, gametogenesis, and ovulation, which may lead to adverse impacts on fish reproduction and population density and that female Prussian carp become resistant to the negative effects of lead with advancing age, and their organs cope by reaching a state of homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Łuszczek-Trojnar
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Spiczakowa 6, 30-199 Kraków-Mydlniki, Poland
| | - Ewa Drąg-Kozak
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Spiczakowa 6, 30-199 Kraków-Mydlniki, Poland
| | - Paweł Szczerbik
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Spiczakowa 6, 30-199 Kraków-Mydlniki, Poland
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Spiczakowa 6, 30-199 Kraków-Mydlniki, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Popek
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Spiczakowa 6, 30-199 Kraków-Mydlniki, Poland
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Li N, Zhao G, Qiao M, Shao J, Liu X, Li H, Li X, Yu Z. The effects of early life lead exposure on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 (IGF1, IGF2) in the hippocampus of mouse pups. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 63:48-52. [PMID: 24200854 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of maternal lead exposure on expression of IGF1 and IGF2 in the hippocampus of mice offspring. Lead exposure initiated from beginning of gestation to weaning. Lead acetate administered in drinking solutions was dissolved in distilled deionized water at the concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% groups respectively. On the 21st postnatal day, the learning and memory ability was tested by Water Maze test and the Pb levels were also determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The expression of IGF1 and IGF2 in hippocampus was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The lead levels in blood and hippocampus of all lead exposure groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). In Water Maze test, the performances of 0.5% and 1% lead exposure groupswere worse than that of the control group (P<0.05). The expression of IGF1 and IGF2 was decreased in lead exposed groups than that of the control group (P<0.05). The low expression of IGF1 and IGF2 in the hippocampus of pups may contribute to the impairment of learning and memory associated with maternal Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gaiming Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mingwu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jianfeng Shao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Liu
- Public Health College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haozhe Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xing Li
- Public Health College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Public Health College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Reilly MP, Saca JC, Hamilton A, Solano RF, Rivera JR, Whitehouse-Innis W, Parsons JG, Dearth RK. Prepubertal exposure to arsenic(III) suppresses circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) delaying sexual maturation in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 44:41-9. [PMID: 24090629 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a prevalent environmental toxin readily accessible for human consumption and has been identified as an endocrine disruptor. However, it is not known what impact As has on female sexual maturation. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of prepubertal exposure on mammary gland development and pubertal onset in female rats. Results showed that prepubertal exposure to 10 mg/kg of arsenite (As(III)) delayed vaginal opening (VO) and prepubertal mammary gland maturation. We determined that As accumulates in the liver, disrupts hepatocyte function and suppresses serum levels of the puberty related hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in prepubertal animals. Overall, this is the first study to show that prepubertal exposure to As(III) acts peripherally to suppress circulating levels of IGF-1 resulting in delayed sexual maturation. Furthermore, this study identifies a critical window of increased susceptibility to As(III) that may have a lasting impact on female reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Reilly
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - James C Saca
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - Alina Hamilton
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - Rene F Solano
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - Jesse R Rivera
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - Wendy Whitehouse-Innis
- Edinburg Regional Academic Health Center (E-RAHC), University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Medical Research Division, 1214 West Schunior Street, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA.
| | - Jason G Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
| | - Robert K Dearth
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1021 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
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Liu MC, Xu Y, Chen YM, Li J, Zhao F, Zheng G, Jing JF, Ke T, Chen JY, Luo WJ. The effect of sodium selenite on lead induced cognitive dysfunction. Neurotoxicology 2013; 36:82-8. [PMID: 23529067 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of lead (Pb) on spatial memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) as a key risk factor has been widely recognized and the oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism of lead neurotoxicity. Selenium (Se) is a nutritionally essential trace element with known antioxidant potential. In this study we investigated the effect and the underlying mechanisms of Se supplementary on Pb induced cognition and synaptic plasticity impairment. Lactating Sprague-Dawley rats (SD rats) were randomly divided to four groups: 0ppm lead acetate (Pb); 0ppm Pb and 0.2ppm sodium selenite (Se); 100ppm Pb; 100ppm Pb and 0.2ppm Se. Lactating rats were treated with or without Pb and/or Se throughout lactation until weaning. The levels of hippocampal LTP, the spatial memory, the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and the serum level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed. It had been observed that in Pb group the spatial memory, the induce level of LTP, the serum SOD level decreased, the LDH release level, the neurons apoptosis level, the serum MDA level increased, while in the Se supplements groups, the spatial memory, the induce level of LTP increased significantly. Compared with the Pb group, Se supplements shown down regulated the level of LDH, the neurons apoptosis and the serum MDA, and up regulated the level of serum SOD. We could draw the conclusion that Se supplements could alleviate toxic effect of lead on hippocampal LTP and spatial memory. The treated with selenium around 0.2ppm may protect against spatial memory dysfunction induced by lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chao Liu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Wang H, Ji YL, Wang Q, Zhao XF, Ning H, Liu P, Zhang C, Yu T, Zhang Y, Meng XH, Xu DX. Maternal lead exposure during lactation persistently impairs testicular development and steroidogenesis in male offspring. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:1384-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Yan-Li Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Xian-Feng Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Huan Ning
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - Xiu-Hong Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Anhui Medical University; Hefei 230032 China
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Zhang A, Hu H, Sánchez BN, Ettinger AS, Park SK, Cantonwine D, Schnaas L, Wright RO, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Tellez-Rojo MM. Association between prenatal lead exposure and blood pressure in children. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2012; 120:445-50. [PMID: 21947582 PMCID: PMC3295346 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead exposure in adults is associated with hypertension. Altered prenatal nutrition is associated with subsequent risks of adult hypertension, but little is known about whether prenatal exposure to toxicants, such as lead, may also confer such risks. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relationship of prenatal lead exposure and blood pressure (BP) in 7- to 15-year-old boys and girls. METHODS We evaluated 457 mother-child pairs, originally recruited for an environmental birth cohort study between 1994 and 2003 in Mexico City, at a follow-up visit in 2008-2010. Prenatal lead exposure was assessed by measurement of maternal tibia and patella lead using in vivo K-shell X-ray fluorescence and cord blood lead using atomic absorption spectrometry. BP was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer with appropriate-size cuffs. RESULTS Adjusting for relevant covariates, maternal tibia lead was significantly associated with increases in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in girls but not in boys (p-interaction with sex = 0.025 and 0.007 for SBP and DBP, respectively). Among girls, an interquartile range increase in tibia lead (13 μg/g) was associated with 2.11-mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69, 3.52] and 1.60-mmHg (95% CI: 0.28, 2.91) increases in SBP and DBP, respectively. Neither patella nor cord lead was associated with child BP. CONCLUSIONS Maternal tibia lead, which reflects cumulative environmental lead exposure and a source of exposure to the fetus, is a predisposing factor to higher BP in girls but not boys. Sex-specific adaptive responses to lead toxicity during early-life development may explain these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029, USA.
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Jackson LW, Howards PP, Wactawski-Wende J, Schisterman EF. The association between cadmium, lead and mercury blood levels and reproductive hormones among healthy, premenopausal women. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:2887-95. [PMID: 21778284 PMCID: PMC3174033 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium, lead and mercury have been identified in human follicular fluid and ovarian tissue, and have been associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in epidemiologic studies; however, few studies have examined the relationship between blood metal levels and reproductive hormones. METHODS Among 252 premenopausal women aged 18-44 years, we examined the association between blood metal levels (cadmium, lead and mercury), cycle length, and reproductive hormones [FSH, LH, estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone] measured at clinically relevant time points in the menstrual cycle. The association between metal levels (continuous) and hormone levels was assessed using linear regression with hormone levels (natural) log transformed and the results interpreted as the percentage difference in hormone level per unit increase in metal level. RESULTS Median (interquartile range) cadmium, lead and mercury levels were 0.30 µg/l (0.19, 0.43), 0.87 µg/dl (0.68, 1.20) and 1.10 µg/l (0.58, 2.10), respectively. Each 1 µg/l increase in cadmium levels was associated with a 21% [95% confidence interval (CI): -2.9, 49.9] increase in early follicular phase E(2) levels after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, lead and mercury. This association decreased when restricted to never smokers (10%; 95% CI: -19.5, 51.3). Cadmium was also associated with a non-significant 9% (95% CI: -0.2, 19.9), or 2.7 day, increase in cycle length among never smokers. No associations were observed between lead or mercury and the outcomes in adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Further evaluation of the association between cadmium, E(2) and cycle length is warranted, taking into consideration cigarette smoke and its multiple components.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Jackson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-4945, USA.
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45
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Rice C, Ghorai JK, Zalewski K, Weber DN. Developmental lead exposure causes startle response deficits in zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 105:600-8. [PMID: 21955963 PMCID: PMC3207002 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb(2+)) exposure continues to be an important concern for fish populations. Research is required to assess the long-term behavioral effects of low-level concentrations of Pb(2+) and the physiological mechanisms that control those behaviors. Newly fertilized zebrafish embryos (<2h post fertilization; hpf) were exposed to one of three concentrations of lead (as PbCl(2)): 0, 10, or 30 nM until 24 hpf. (1) Response to a mechanosensory stimulus: Individual larvae (168 hpf) were tested for response to a directional, mechanical stimulus. The tap frequency was adjusted to either 1 or 4 taps/s. Startle response was recorded at 1000 fps. Larvae responded in a concentration-dependent pattern for latency to reaction, maximum turn velocity, time to reach V(max) and escape time. With increasing exposure concentrations, a larger number of larvae failed to respond to even the initial tap and, for those that did respond, ceased responding earlier than control larvae. These differences were more pronounced at a frequency of 4 taps/s. (2) Response to a visual stimulus: Fish, exposed as embryos (2-24 hpf) to Pb(2+) (0-10 μM) were tested as adults under low light conditions (≈ 60 μW/m(2)) for visual responses to a rotating black bar. Visual responses were significantly degraded at Pb(2+) concentrations of 30 nM. These data suggest that zebrafish are viable models for short- and long-term sensorimotor deficits induced by acute, low-level developmental Pb(2+) exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Rice
- Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC
| | - Jugal K. Ghorai
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Kathryn Zalewski
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Daniel N. Weber
- Children’s Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
- To Whom Correspondence should be Addressed: Children’s Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204,
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Afeiche M, Peterson KE, Sánchez BN, Cantonwine D, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Schnaas L, Ettinger AS, Hernández-Avila M, Hu H, Téllez-Rojo MM. Prenatal lead exposure and weight of 0- to 5-year-old children in Mexico city. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:1436-41. [PMID: 21715242 PMCID: PMC3230436 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1003184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cumulative prenatal lead exposure, as measured by maternal bone lead burden, has been associated with smaller weight of offspring at birth and 1 month of age, but no study has examined whether this effect persists into early childhood. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of perinatal maternal bone lead, a biomarker of cumulative prenatal lead exposure, with children's attained weight over time from birth to 5 years of age. METHODS Children were weighed at birth and at several intervals up until 60 months. Maternal tibia and patella lead were measured at 1 month postpartum using in vivo K-shell X-ray fluorescence. We used varying coefficient models with random effects to assess the association of maternal bone lead with weight trajectories of 522 boys and 477 girls born between 1994 and 2005 in Mexico City. RESULTS After controlling for breast-feeding duration, maternal anthropometry, and sociodemographic characteristics, a 1-SD increase in maternal patella lead (micrograms per gram) was associated with a 130.9-g decrease in weight [95% confidence interval (CI), -227.4 to -34.4 g] among females and a 13.0-g nonsignificant increase in weight among males (95% CI, -73.7 to 99.9 g) at 5 years of age. These associations were similar after controlling for concurrent blood lead levels between birth and 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Maternal bone lead was associated with lower weight over time among female but not male children up to 5 years of age. Given that the association was evident for patellar but not tibial lead levels, and was limited to females, results need to be confirmed in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Afeiche
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Dhooge W, den Hond E, Koppen G, Bruckers L, Nelen V, van de Mieroop E, Bilau M, Croes K, Baeyens W, Schoeters G, van Larebeke N. Internal exposure to pollutants and sex hormone levels in Flemish male adolescents in a cross-sectional study: associations and dose-response relationships. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2011; 21:224-33. [PMID: 20010975 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2010.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Flanders is densely populated with much industry and intensive farming. Hormonal status of 14- to 15-year-old male adolescents was studied in relation to internal exposure to pollutants. A total of 887 participants were selected as a random sample of the adolescents residing in the study areas. Confounding factors and significant covariates were taken into account. Serum levels of testosterone, free testosterone and estradiol, and the aromatase index showed significant positive associations with serum levels of marker polychlorobiphenyls (sum of PCBs 138, 153, and 180) and of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and a negative association with urinary cadmium concentration. Serum levels of estradiol also showed a positive association with serum levels of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE). A doubling of serum concentrations of marker PCBs and HCB and of urinary concentration of cadmium were, respectively, associated with an increase of 16.4% (P<0.00001) and 16.6% (P<0.001) and a decrease of 9.6% (P<0.001) in serum testosterone concentration. Similar findings were made after additional adjustment for concurrent exposures. Associations between biological effects and internal exposures were, in terms of the regression coefficient, often stronger at exposures below the median. Environmental exposures to pollutants resulting in "normal" levels of internal exposure were associated with quite substantial differences in hormone concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Dhooge
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Pillai P, Pandya C, Gupta S, Gupta S. Biochemical and molecular effects of gestational and lactational coexposure to lead and cadmium on ovarian steroidogenesis are associated with oxidative stress in f1 generation rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2010; 24:384-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gollenberg AL, Hediger ML, Lee PA, Himes JH, Buck Louis GM. Association between lead and cadmium and reproductive hormones in peripubertal U.S. girls. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2010; 118:1782-7. [PMID: 20675266 PMCID: PMC3002200 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1001943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are known reproductive toxicants thought to disrupt hormone production throughout sensitive developmental windows, although this has not been previously examined in nationally representative peripubertal children. OBJECTIVES We examined the association between blood Pb and urinary Cd concentrations and the reproductive hormones inhibin B and luteinizing hormone (LH) in girls 6-11 years of age who participated in the cross-sectional Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (1988-1994). METHODS Pb (micrograms per deciliter) was measured in whole blood, and Cd was measured in urine (nanograms per milliliter). Inhibin B (picograms per milliliter) and LH (milli-International units per milliliter) were measured in residual sera for 705 girls. Survey logistic regression was used to estimate associations with pubertal onset based on inhibin B concentration > 35 pg/mL or LH concentration > 0.4 mIU/mL, and multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between Pb and increasing categories of hormone concentrations. RESULTS High Pb (≥ 5 µg/dL) was inversely associated with inhibin B > 35 pg/mL [odds ratio (OR) = 0.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11-0.60; compared with Pb < 1 µg/dL]. At 10 and 11 years of age, girls with low Pb (< 1 µg/dL) had significantly higher inhibin B than did girls with moderate (1-4.99 µg/dL) or high Pb (≥ 5 µg/dL). In the subsample of 260 girls with levels of inhibin B above the level of detection and using survey regression modeling, inhibin B levels were lower among girls with both high Pb and high Cd (ß= -0.52; 95% CI, -0.09 to -1.04) than among girls with high Pb alone (ß= -0.35; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.57), relative to girls with low Pb and low Cd. CONCLUSIONS Higher Pb was inversely associated with inhibin B, a marker of follicular development, and estimated effects suggestive of pubertal delays appeared to be stronger in the context of higher Cd concentrations. These data underscore the importance of Pb and Cd as reproductive toxicants for young girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audra L. Gollenberg
- Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary L. Hediger
- Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Address correspondence to M. Hediger, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Telephone: (301) 435-6897. Fax: (301) 402-2084. E-mail:
| | - Peter A. Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John H. Himes
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Germaine M. Buck Louis
- Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Cory-Slechta DA, Stern S, Weston D, Allen JL, Liu S. Enhanced learning deficits in female rats following lifetime pb exposure combined with prenatal stress. Toxicol Sci 2010; 117:427-38. [PMID: 20639260 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pb (lead) exposure and stress are co-occurring risk factors (particularly in low socioeconomic communities) that also act on common biological substrates and produce common adverse outcomes, including cognitive impairments. This study sought to determine whether lifetime Pb exposure combined with prenatal stress would enhance the cognitive deficits independently associated with each of these risk factors and to explore associated mechanisms of any observed impairments. Learning was evaluated using a multiple schedule of repeated learning and performance in female rats subjected to lifetime Pb exposure (0 or 50 ppm Pb in drinking water beginning in dams 2 months prior to breeding; blood Pb levels ∼10 μg/dl), to prenatal restraint stress on gestational days 16 and 17, or to both. Blood Pb, corticosterone levels, brain monoamines, and hippocampal nerve growth factor levels were also measured. Sequence-specific learning deficits produced by Pb, particularly the number of responses to correctly learn response sequences, were further enhanced by stress, whereas performance measures were unimpaired. Statistical analyses indicated significant relationships among corticosterone levels, frontal cortex dopamine (DA), nucleus accumbens dopamine turnover, and total responses required to learn sequences. This study demonstrates that Pb and stress can act together to produce selective and highly condition-dependent deficits in learning in female rats that may be related to glucocorticoid-mediated interactions with mesocorticolimbic regions of brain. These findings also underscore the critical need to evaluate toxicants in the context of other risk factors pertinent to human diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
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