1
|
Wang Z, Irving BA, Spielmann G, Johannsen N, Greenway F, Dalecki M. A single exposure to 100% normo-baric oxygen therapy appears to improve sequence learning processes by increasing prefrontal cortex oxygen saturation. Brain Res 2024; 1837:148962. [PMID: 38670479 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that a normo-baric 100 % oxygen treatment (NbOxTr) enhances motor learning processes, e.g., visuomotor adaptation (VMA) and sequence learning (SL). However, this work was limited to behavioral outcomes and did not identify the physiological mechanistic underpinnings of these improvements. Here, we expand on this research to investigate the effects of a NbOxTr on the oxygen tissue saturation index (TSI) level of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) when performing a SL task and whether potential SL improvements relate to increased TSI levels in the PFC. Twenty four right-handed young, healthy adults were randomly assigned to a NbOxTr group (normo-baric 100 % oxygen, n = 12) or a control group (normal air, n = 12). They received their respective treatments via a nasal cannula during the experiment. Oxygen TSI levels of the right and left PFC were measured via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) throughout different SL task phases (Baseline, Training, Testing). The NbOxTr increased the TSI of the PFC in the Training phase (p < 0.01) and positively affected SL retention in the Testing phase (p < 0.05). We also found a positive correlation between TSI changes in the right PFC during the gas treatment phase (3.4 % increase) and response time (RT) improvements in the SL task training and retention phase (all p < 0.05). Our results suggest that a simple NbOxTr increases the oxygenated hemoglobin availability in the PFC, which appears to mediate the retention of acquired SL improvements in healthy young adults. Future studies should examine treatment-related oxygenation changes in other brain areas involved and their relation to enhanced learning processes. Whether this NbOxTr improves SL in neurologically impaired populations should also be examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Brian A Irving
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Guillaume Spielmann
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Neil Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Frank Greenway
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Marc Dalecki
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; German University of Health and Sports, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nam SM, Park JW, Ko JH, Kim MJ. The Difference Between Expert Dancers' and Non-Dancers Tapping Timing With and Without an Auditory Stimulus at a Slow Tempo. Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:1398-1414. [PMID: 38876089 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241262547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Our primary purpose in this study was to determine whether trained dancers differed from untrained non-dancers in their ability to accurately control motor timing during finger and heel tapping tasks, both with and without slow isochronous auditory stimuli. Dancers and non-dancers were instructed to synchronize their taps with isochronous auditory stimuli under three conditions: 30, 40, and 50 BPM. After the synchronization phase, participants were asked to continue tapping without the auditory sequences. On the synchronization task, the tapping onset of both groups lagged behind the stimulus onset in all tempo conditions. In all conditions, dancers showed more accurate and stable beat synchronization and continuation than non-dancers. As the tempo condition slowed down (from 50 to 30 BPM), synchronization accuracy decreased while synchronization and continuation variability increased. Unlike for novices, dancers showed no difference between the finger and heel tapping synchronization tasks. During the continuous tasks, their timing accuracy was higher for heel than for finger tapping. Collectively, these findings suggest that dance training, which involves synchronizing bodily movements based on rhythm, may lead to an accumulation of experience that enhances specific sensorimotor skills related to synchronizing movements with external stimuli or continuing rhythmic movements temporally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Mi Nam
- Division of Sports Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Ko
- Division of Sports Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Division of Sports and Exercise Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan-si, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terranova S, Botta A, Putzolu M, Bonassi G, Cosentino C, Mezzarobba S, Ravizzotti E, Pelosin E, Avanzino L. Cerebellar Direct Current Stimulation Reveals the Causal Role of the Cerebellum in Temporal Prediction. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:1386-1398. [PMID: 38147293 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Temporal prediction (TP) influences our perception and cognition. The cerebellum could mediate this multi-level ability in a context-dependent manner. We tested whether a modulation of the cerebellar neural activity, induced by transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), changed the TP ability according to the temporal features of the context and the duration of target interval. Fifteen healthy participants received anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS (15 min × 2 mA intensity) over the right cerebellar hemisphere during a TP task. We recorded reaction times (RTs) to a target during the task in two contextual conditions of temporal anticipation: rhythmic (i.e., interstimulus intervals (ISIs) were constant) and single-interval condition (i.e., the estimation of the timing of the target was based on the prior exposure of the train of stimuli). Two ISIs durations were explored: 600 ms (short trials) and 900 ms (long trials). Cathodal tDCS improved the performance during the TP task (shorter RTs) specifically in the rhythmic condition only for the short trials and in the single-interval condition only for the long trials. Our results suggest that the inhibition of cerebellar activity induced a different improvement in the TP ability according to the temporal features of the context. In the rhythmic context, the cerebellum could integrate the temporal estimation with the anticipatory motor responses critically for the short target interval. In the single-interval context, for the long trials, the cerebellum could play a main role in integrating representation of time interval in memory with the elapsed time providing an accurate temporal prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Terranova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Martina Putzolu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gaia Bonassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carola Cosentino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Susanna Mezzarobba
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Ravizzotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Pelosin
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Laura Avanzino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hirano D, Wada M, Kimura N, Jinnai D, Goto Y, Taniguchi T. Effects of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential in community-dwelling elderly adults: A preliminary study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34126. [PMID: 39071682 PMCID: PMC11283040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dual-tasking is defined as performing two or more tasks concurrently. This study aimed to investigate the effect of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) during dual-task performance in 11 community-dwelling elderly individuals while the load of the secondary task was altered. MRCP was recorded during a single task (ST), simple dual task (S-DT), and complex dual task (C-DT) as no-, low-, and high-load divided attention tasks, respectively. The ST involved self-paced tapping with an extended right index finger. In the S-DT and C-DT, the subjects simultaneously performed the ST and a visual number counting task with different levels of load. The coefficient of variation of movement frequency was significantly more variable in the C-DT than in the ST. The MRCP amplitude from electroencephalography electrode C3, contralateral to the moving hand, was significantly higher in the C-DT than in the ST. Higher attention diversion led to a significant reduction in MRCP amplitude in the participants. These results suggest that attention division in dual-task situations plays an important role in movement preparation and execution. We propose that MRCP can serve as a marker for screening the ability of older individuals to perform dual-tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hirano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Misaki Wada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kimura
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jinnai
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Goto
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takamichi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mioni G, Wolbers T, Riemer M. Differences between sub-second and supra-second durations for the assessment of timing deficits in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. AGING BRAIN 2024; 6:100120. [PMID: 39044775 PMCID: PMC11261004 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2024.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have often reported timing deficits in older adults with different degrees of cognitive decline, however, the exact nature of impairments in time perception is still to be elucidated. In particular, it is unclear if the deficits are more pronounced for short or long intervals, consistent with notions that different cognitive processes and neuroanatomical areas are involved in the processing of durations of different ranges. The present study aims to further investigate timing abilities in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients and age-matched controls. Participants were asked to decide whether an acoustic event occurred within the first or the second half of a reference duration. The results revealed a bias towards larger PSE values and reduced precision in aMCI patients compared to healthy controls. Further analyses showed that the bias towards larger PSE values correlated with memory performance, especially when sub-second durations were tested. Overall, the results demonstrate that memory deficits in aMCI patients coincide with changes in time perception in the sub-second interval range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Mioni
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas Wolbers
- Aging, Cognition & Technology Research Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Riemer
- Aging, Cognition & Technology Research Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Castaldi E, Tinelli F, Filippo G, Bartoli M, Anobile G. Auditory time perception impairment in children with developmental dyscalculia. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 149:104733. [PMID: 38663331 PMCID: PMC11155440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific learning disability which prevents children from acquiring adequate numerical and arithmetical competences. We investigated whether difficulties in children with DD spread beyond the numerical domain and impact also their ability to perceive time. A group of 37 children/adolescent with and without DD were tested with an auditory categorization task measuring time perception thresholds in the sub-second (0.25-1 s) and supra-second (0.75-3 s) ranges. Results showed that auditory time perception was strongly impaired in children with DD at both time scales. The impairment remained even when age, non-verbal reasoning, and gender were regressed out. Overall, our results show that the difficulties of DD can affect magnitudes other than numerical and contribute to the increasing evidence that frames dyscalculia as a disorder affecting multiple neurocognitive and perceptual systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Castaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesca Tinelli
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gasperini Filippo
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariaelisa Bartoli
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Anobile
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ellinghaus R, Bausenhart KM, Koc D, Ulrich R, Liepelt R. Order effects in stimulus discrimination challenge established models of comparative judgement: A meta-analytic review of the Type B effect. Psychon Bull Rev 2024:10.3758/s13423-024-02479-3. [PMID: 38504004 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the Type B effect (TBE), a phenomenon reflected in the observation that discrimination sensitivity varies with the order of stimuli in comparative judgment tasks, such as the two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) paradigm. Specifically, when the difference threshold is lower (higher) with the constant standard preceding rather than following the variable comparison, one speaks of a negative (positive) TBE. Importantly, prominent psychophysical difference models such as signal detection theory (Green & Swets, 1966) cannot easily account for the TBE, and are hence challenged by it. The present meta-analysis provides substantial evidence for the TBE across various stimulus attributes, suggesting that the TBE is a general feature of discrimination experiments when standard and comparison are presented successively. Thus, inconsistent with psychophysical difference models, subjective differences between stimuli are not merely a function of their physical differences but rather also depend on their temporal order. From the literature, we identify four classes of potential candidate theories explaining the origin of the TBE, namely (1) differential weighting of the stimulus magnitudes at the two positions (e.g., Hellström, Psychological Research, 39, 345-388 1977), (2) internal reference formation (e.g., Dyjas, Bausenhart, & Ulrich, Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 74, 1819-1841 2012), (3) Bayesian updating (e.g., de Jong, Akyürek, & van Rijn, Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 28, 1183-1190 2021), and (4) biased threshold estimation (García-Pérez & Alcalá-Quintana, Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 72, 1155-1178 2010). As these models, to some extent, make differential predictions about the direction of the TBE, investigating the respective boundary conditions of positive and negative TBEs might be a valuable perspective for diagnostic future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Ellinghaus
- Department of General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany.
| | - Karin M Bausenhart
- Department of Psychology, Cognition and Perception, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dilara Koc
- Department of General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany
| | - Rolf Ulrich
- Department of Psychology, Cognition and Perception, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Roman Liepelt
- Department of General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu R, Walsh EG, Watanabe T, Sasaki Y. Shift in excitation-inhibition balance underlies perceptual learning of temporal discrimination. Neuropsychologia 2024; 195:108814. [PMID: 38316210 PMCID: PMC10923091 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Temporal perceptual learning (TPL) constitutes a unique and profound demonstration of neural plasticity within the brain. Our understanding for the neurometabolic changes associated with TPL on the other hand has been limited in part by the use of traditional fMRI approaches. Since plasticity in the visual cortex has been shown to underlie perceptual learning of visual information, we tested the hypothesis that TPL of an auditory interval involves a similar change in plasticity of the auditory pathway and if so, whether these changes take place in a lower-order sensory-specific brain area such as the primary auditory cortex (A1), or a higher-order modality-independent brain area such as the inferior parietal cortex (IPC). This distinction will inform us of the mechanisms underlying perceptual learning as well as the locus of change as it relates to TPL. In the present study, we took advantage of a new technique: proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in combination with psychophysical measures to provide the first evidence of changes in neurometabolic processing following 5 days of temporal discrimination training. We measured the (E)xcitation-to-(I)nhibition ratio as an index of learning in the right IPC and left A1 while participants learned an auditory two-tone discrimination task. During the first day of training, we found a significant task-related increase in functional E/I ratio within the IPC. While the A1 exhibited the opposite pattern of neurochemical activity, this relationship did not reach statistical significance. After timing performance has reached a plateau, there were no further changes to functional E/I. These findings support the hypothesis that improvements in temporal discrimination relies on neuroplastic changes in the IPC, but it is possible that both areas work synergistically to acquire a temporal interval.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rannie Xu
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, United States.
| | - Edward G Walsh
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, 02912, United States
| | - Takeo Watanabe
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, United States
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin N, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang S. The organization of the semantic network as reflected by the neural correlates of six semantic dimensions. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 250:105388. [PMID: 38295716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sensory-motor and non-sensory-motor dimensions have been proposed for semantic representation, but it remains unclear how the semantic system is organized along them in the human brain. Using naturalistic fMRI data and large-scale semantic ratings, we investigated the overlaps and dissociations between the neural correlates of six semantic dimensions: vision, motor, socialness, emotion, space, and time. Our findings revealed a more complex semantic atlas than what is predicted by current neurobiological models of semantic representation. Brain regions that are selectively sensitive to specific semantic dimensions were found both within and outside the brain networks assumed to represent multimodal general and/or abstract semantics. Overlaps between the neural correlates of different semantic dimensions were mainly found inside the default mode network, concentrated in the left anterior superior temporal gyrus and angular gyrus, which have been proposed as two connector hubs that bridge the multimodal experiential semantic system and the language-supported semantic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioural Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioural Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naghibi N, Jahangiri N, Khosrowabadi R, Eickhoff CR, Eickhoff SB, Coull JT, Tahmasian M. Embodying Time in the Brain: A Multi-Dimensional Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis of 95 Duration Processing Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2024; 34:277-298. [PMID: 36857010 PMCID: PMC10920454 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Time is an omnipresent aspect of almost everything we experience internally or in the external world. The experience of time occurs through such an extensive set of contextual factors that, after decades of research, a unified understanding of its neural substrates is still elusive. In this study, following the recent best-practice guidelines, we conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis of 95 carefully-selected neuroimaging papers of duration processing. We categorized the included papers into 14 classes of temporal features according to six categorical dimensions. Then, using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) technique we investigated the convergent activation patterns of each class with a cluster-level family-wise error correction at p < 0.05. The regions most consistently activated across the various timing contexts were the pre-SMA and bilateral insula, consistent with an embodied theory of timing in which abstract representations of duration are rooted in sensorimotor and interoceptive experience, respectively. Moreover, class-specific patterns of activation could be roughly divided according to whether participants were timing auditory sequential stimuli, which additionally activated the dorsal striatum and SMA-proper, or visual single interval stimuli, which additionally activated the right middle frontal and inferior parietal cortices. We conclude that temporal cognition is so entangled with our everyday experience that timing stereotypically common combinations of stimulus characteristics reactivates the sensorimotor systems with which they were first experienced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Naghibi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Jahangiri
- Faculty of Psychology & Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khosrowabadi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Structural and functional organisation of the brain (INM-1), Jülich Research Center, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Jülich Research Center, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer T Coull
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (UMR 7291), Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Jülich Research Center, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu Z, Si W, Ren Y, Jiang Y, Guo T. Effect of tempo on the age-related changes in temporal expectation driven by rhythms. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297368. [PMID: 38329980 PMCID: PMC10852340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Temporal expectation refers to the capacity to allocate resources at a particular point in time, enabling us to enhance our behavior performance. Empirical evidence indicates that, among younger adults, temporal expectation can be driven by rhythm (i.e., regular sequences of stimuli). However, whether there are age-related changes in rhythm-based temporal expectation has not been clearly established. Furthermore, whether tempo can influence the relationship between rhythm-based temporal expectation and aging remains unexplored. To address these questions, both younger and older participants took part in a rhythm-based temporal expectation task, engaging three distinct tempos: 600 ms (fast), 1800 ms (moderate), or 3000 ms (slow). The results demonstrated that temporal expectation effects (i.e., participants exhibited significantly faster responses during the regular trials compared to the irregular trials) were observed in both the younger and older participants under the moderate tempo condition. However, in the fast and slow tempo conditions, the temporal expectation effects were solely observed in the younger participants. These findings revealed that rhythm-based temporal expectations can be preserved during aging but within a specific tempo range. When the tempo falls within the range of either being too fast or too slow, it can manifest age-related declines in temporal expectations driven by rhythms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Xu
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenying Si
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanna Ren
- Department of Psychology, Medical Humanities College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuqing Jiang
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tokushige SI, Matsuda S, Tada M, Yabe I, Takeda A, Tanaka H, Hatakenaka M, Enomoto H, Kobayashi S, Shimizu K, Shimizu T, Kotsuki N, Inomata-Terada S, Furubayashi T, Ichikawa Y, Hanajima R, Tsuji S, Ugawa Y, Terao Y. Roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in temporal integration: Insights from a synchronized tapping task. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 158:1-15. [PMID: 38113692 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify the roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia for temporal integration. METHODS We studied 39 patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), comprising spinocerebellar atrophy 6 (SCA6), SCA31, Machado-Joseph disease (MJD, also called SCA3), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Thirteen normal subjects participated as controls. Participants were instructed to tap on a button in synchrony with isochronous tones. We analyzed the inter-tap interval (ITI), synchronizing tapping error (STE), negative asynchrony, and proportion of delayed tapping as indicators of tapping performance. RESULTS The ITI coefficient of variation was increased only in MSA patients. The standard variation of STE was larger in SCD patients than in normal subjects, especially for MSA. Negative asynchrony, which is a tendency to tap the button before the tones, was prominent in SCA6 and MSA patients, with possible basal ganglia involvement. SCA31 patients exhibited normal to supranormal performance in terms of the variability of STE, which was surprising. CONCLUSIONS Cerebellar patients generally showed greater STE variability, except for SCA31. The pace of tapping was affected in patients with possible basal ganglia pathology. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that interaction between the cerebellum and the basal ganglia is essential for temporal processing. The cerebellum and basal ganglia and their interaction regulate synchronized tapping, resulting in distinct tapping pattern abnormalities among different SCD subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Tokushige
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Shunichi Matsuda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tada
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takeda
- Department of Neurology, Sendai Nishitaga Hospital, 2-11-11, Kagitori-honcho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Sendai Nishitaga Hospital, 2-11-11, Kagitori-honcho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8555, Japan
| | - Megumi Hatakenaka
- Department of Neurology, Morinomiya Hospital, 2-1-88, Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka 536-0025, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Enomoto
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Shimizu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitazato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0375, Japan
| | - Naoki Kotsuki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Satomi Inomata-Terada
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Furubayashi
- Graduate School of Health and Environment Science, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, 6-45-1 Kunimi, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8551, Japan
| | - Yaeko Ichikawa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Hanajima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Neurology, the University of Tokyo and International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3, Kozunomori, Narita-shi, Chiba-ken 286-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terao
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Merchant H, de Lafuente V. A Second Introduction to the Neurobiology of Interval Timing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1455:3-23. [PMID: 38918343 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60183-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Time is a critical variable that organisms must be able to measure in order to survive in a constantly changing environment. Initially, this paper describes the myriad of contexts where time is estimated or predicted and suggests that timing is not a single process and probably depends on a set of different neural mechanisms. Consistent with this hypothesis, the explosion of neurophysiological and imaging studies in the last 10 years suggests that different brain circuits and neural mechanisms are involved in the ability to tell and use time to control behavior across contexts. Then, we develop a conceptual framework that defines time as a family of different phenomena and propose a taxonomy with sensory, perceptual, motor, and sensorimotor timing as the pillars of temporal processing in the range of hundreds of milliseconds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Merchant
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Victor de Lafuente
- Institute of Neurobiology National Autonomous University of Mexico, Querétaro, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wiener M. Coordinate-Based Meta-Analyses of the Time Perception Network. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1455:215-226. [PMID: 38918354 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60183-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The study of time perception has advanced over the past three decades to include numerous neuroimaging studies, most notably including the use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Yet, with this increase in studies, there comes the desire to draw broader conclusions across datasets about the nature and instantiation of time in the human brain. In the absence of collating individual studies together, the field has employed the use of Coordinate-Based Meta-Analyses (CBMA), in which foci from individual studies are modeled as probability distributions within the brain, from which common areas of activation-likelihood are determined. This chapter provides an overview of these CBMA studies, the methods they employ, the conclusions drawn by them, and where future areas of inquiry lie. The result of this survey suggests the existence of a domain-general "timing network" that can be used both as a guide for individual neuroimaging studies and as a template for future meta-analyses.
Collapse
|
15
|
Teghil A, Boccia M, Di Vita A, Zazzaro G, Sepe Monti M, Trebbastoni A, Talarico G, Campanelli A, Bruno G, Guariglia C, de Lena C, D'Antonio F. Multidimensional assessment of time perception along the continuum of Alzheimer's Disease and evidence of alterations in subjective cognitive decline. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22117. [PMID: 38092802 PMCID: PMC10719320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Timing alterations occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD), even in early stages (mild cognitive impairment, MCI). Moreover, a stage named subjective cognitive decline (SCD), in which individuals perceive a change in cognitive performance not revealed by neuropsychological tests, has been identified as a preclinical phase of AD. However, no study to date has investigated different dimensions of time processing along the continuum from physiological to pathological aging, and whether timing alterations occur in SCD. Here a sample of participants with SCD, MCI, AD and healthy controls (HC) performed tasks assessing prospective duration estimation, production, reproduction, implicit temporal learning in conditions dependent from external cues (externally-cued learning, ECL) or independent from external cues (internally-based learning, IBL), retrospective duration estimation, the subjective experience of time and the temporal collocation of events. AD patients performed worse than HC and SCD in prospective timing, and in collocating events in time. The subjective experience of time did not differ between groups. Concerning temporal learning, AD performed worse in ECL than in IBL, whereas SCD performed worse in IBL than in ECL. SCD, MCI and AD patients all showed errors greater than HC in retrospective duration estimation. Results point to implicit temporal learning in externally-cued conditions and retrospective time estimation as possible early markers of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Teghil
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Vita
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Zazzaro
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Micaela Sepe Monti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo de Lena
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizia D'Antonio
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Thibault N, Albouy P, Grondin S. Distinct brain dynamics and networks for processing short and long auditory time intervals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22018. [PMID: 38086944 PMCID: PMC10716402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychophysical studies suggest that time intervals above and below 1.2 s are processed differently in the human brain. However, the neural underpinnings of this dissociation remain unclear. Here, we investigate whether distinct or common brain networks and dynamics support the passive perception of short (below 1.2 s) and long (above 1.2 s) empty time intervals. Twenty participants underwent an EEG recording during an auditory oddball paradigm with .8- and 1.6-s standard time intervals and deviant intervals either shorter (early) or longer (delayed) than the standard interval. We computed the auditory ERPs for each condition at the sensor and source levels. We then performed whole brain cluster-based permutation statistics for the CNV, N1 and P2, components, testing deviants against standards. A CNV was found only for above 1.2 s intervals (delayed deviants), with generators in temporo-parietal, SMA, and motor regions. Deviance detection of above 1.2 s intervals occurred during the N1 period over fronto-central sensors for delayed deviants only, with generators in parietal and motor regions. Deviance detection of below 1.2 s intervals occurred during the P2 period over fronto-central sensors for delayed deviants only, with generators in primary auditory cortex, SMA, IFG, cingulate and parietal cortex. We then identified deviance related changes in directed connectivity using bivariate Granger causality to highlight the networks dynamics associated with interval processing above and below 1.2. These results suggest that distinct brain dynamics and networks support the perception of time intervals above and below 1.2 s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Thibault
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, G1J 2G3, Canada.
| | - Philippe Albouy
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, G1J 2G3, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), CRBLM, Montreal, QC, H2V 2J2, Canada
| | - Simon Grondin
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, G1J 2G3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Apinis-Deshaies A, Tremblay J, Trempe M. Temporal and Spatial Accuracy of Reaching Movements do not Improve Off-line. J Mot Behav 2023; 56:241-252. [PMID: 38008910 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2023.2284786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Consolidation has been associated with performance gains without additional practice (i.e., off-line learning). However, the movement characteristics improving off-line remain poorly understood. To investigate this question, participants were trained to produce a sequence of planar reaching movements toward four different visual targets. The training session with feedback required them to learn the relative time of the movements, the total movement time and aim accurately at each target. The retention test was performed either 10-min or 24-h after. Results revealed that a 24-h consolidation interval did not result in better temporal or spatial accuracy. This finding suggests that off-line learning may be restricted to sequence production tasks in which the different segments must be regrouped ("chunked") together to accelerate their execution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Apinis-Deshaies
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Maxime Trempe
- Sport Studies Department, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shinn AK, Hurtado-Puerto AM, Roh YS, Ho V, Hwang M, Cohen BM, Öngür D, Camprodon JA. Cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychotic disorders: intermittent, continuous, and sham theta-burst stimulation on time perception and symptom severity. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1218321. [PMID: 38025437 PMCID: PMC10679721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The cerebellum contributes to the precise timing of non-motor and motor functions, and cerebellum abnormalities have been implicated in psychosis pathophysiology. In this study, we explored the effects of cerebellar theta burst stimulation (TBS), an efficient transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol, on temporal discrimination and self-reported mood and psychotic symptoms. Methods We conducted a case-crossover study in which patients with psychosis (schizophrenias, schizoaffective disorders, or bipolar disorders with psychotic features) were assigned to three sessions of TBS to the cerebellar vermis: one session each of intermittent (iTBS), continuous (cTBS), and sham TBS. Of 28 enrolled patients, 26 underwent at least one TBS session, and 20 completed all three. Before and immediately following TBS, participants rated their mood and psychotic symptoms and performed a time interval discrimination task (IDT). We hypothesized that cerebellar iTBS and cTBS would modulate these measures in opposing directions, with iTBS being adaptive and cTBS maladaptive. Results Reaction time (RT) in the IDT decreased significantly after iTBS vs. Sham (LS-mean difference = -73.3, p = 0.0001, Cohen's d = 1.62), after iTBS vs. cTBS (LS-mean difference = -137.6, p < 0.0001, d = 2.03), and after Sham vs. cTBS (LS-mean difference = -64.4, p < 0.0001, d = 1.33). We found no effect on IDT accuracy. We did not observe any effects on symptom severity after correcting for multiple comparisons. Conclusion We observed a frequency-dependent dissociation between the effects of iTBS vs. cTBS to the cerebellar midline on the reaction time of interval discrimination in patients with psychosis. iTBS showed improved (adaptive) while cTBS led to worsening (maladaptive) speed of response. These results demonstrate behavioral target engagement in a cognitive dimension of relevance to patients with psychosis and generate testable hypotheses about the potential therapeutic role of cerebellar iTBS in this clinical population. Clinical Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02642029.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann K. Shinn
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aura M. Hurtado-Puerto
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Youkyung S. Roh
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Victoria Ho
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa Hwang
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Bruce M. Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Program for Neuropsychiatric Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Dost Öngür
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joan A. Camprodon
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pollok B, Depperschmidt C, Koester M, Schmidt-Wilcke T, Krause V. Cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) of the left ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) interferes with conscious error correction. Behav Brain Res 2023; 454:114661. [PMID: 37696453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Precise motor timing requires the ability to flexibly adapt one's own movements with respect to changes in the environment. Previous studies suggest that the correction of perceived as compared to non-perceived timing errors involves at least partially distinct brain networks. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dPFC) has been linked to the correction of perceived timing errors and evidence for a contribution of the ventrolateral PFC (vPFC) specifically to the correction of non-perceived errors exists. The present study aimed at clarifying the functional contribution of the left vPFC for the correction of timing errors by adopting high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). Twenty-one young healthy volunteers synchronized their right index finger taps with respect to an isochronous auditory pacing signal. Perceivable and non-perceivable step-changes of the metronome were interspersed, and error correction was analyzed by means of the phase-correction response (PCR). In subsequent sessions anodal and cathodal HD-tDCS was applied to the left vPFC to establish a brain-behavior relationship. Sham stimulation served as control condition. Synchronization accuracy as well as error correction were determined immediately prior to and after HD-tDCS. The analysis suggests a detrimental effect of cathodal HD-tDCS distinctively on error correction in trials with perceived timing errors. The data support the significance of the left vPFC for error correction in the temporal domain but contradicts the view of a role in the correction of non-perceived errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Pollok
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Carina Depperschmidt
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koester
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt-Wilcke
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; Center of Neurology, District Hospital Mainkofen, 94469 Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Vanessa Krause
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; Department of Neuropsychology, Mauritius Hospital and Neurorehabilitation Center Meerbusch, 40670 Meerbusch, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cantarella G, Vianello G, Vezzadini G, Frassinetti F, Ciaramelli E, Candini M. Time bisection and reproduction: Evidence for a slowdown of the internal clock in right brain damaged patients. Cortex 2023; 167:303-317. [PMID: 37595392 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show that the right hemisphere is involved in time processing, and that damage to the right hemisphere is associated with a tendency to perceive time intervals as shorter than they are, and to reproduce time intervals as longer than they are. Whether time processing deficits following right hemisphere damage are related and what is their neurocognitive basis is unclear. In this study, right brain damaged (RBD) patients, left brain damaged (LBD) patients, and healthy controls underwent a time bisection task and a time reproduction task involving time intervals varying between each other by milliseconds (short durations) or seconds (long durations). The results show that in the time bisection task RBD patients underestimated time intervals compared to LBD patients and healthy controls, while they reproduced time intervals as longer than they are. Time underestimation and over-reproduction in RBD patients applied to short but not long time intervals, and were correlated. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) showed that time underestimation was associated with lesions to a right cortico-subcortical network involving the insula and inferior frontal gyrus. A small portion of this network was also associated with time over-reproduction. Our findings are consistent with a slowdown of an 'internal clock' timing mechanism following right brain damage, which likely underlies both the underestimation and the over-reproduction of time intervals, and their (overlapping) neural bases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cantarella
- Department of Psychology 'Renzo Canestrari', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Center for Studies and Research of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Greta Vianello
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Castel Goffredo, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Frassinetti
- Department of Psychology 'Renzo Canestrari', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Castel Goffredo, Italy
| | - Elisa Ciaramelli
- Department of Psychology 'Renzo Canestrari', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Center for Studies and Research of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy.
| | - Michela Candini
- Department of Psychology 'Renzo Canestrari', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Greenfield MD, Merker B. Coordinated rhythms in animal species, including humans: Entrainment from bushcricket chorusing to the philharmonic orchestra. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105382. [PMID: 37673282 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated group displays featuring precise entrainment of rhythmic behavior between neighbors occur not only in human music, dance and drill, but in the acoustic or optical signaling of a number of species of arthropods and anurans. In this review we describe the mechanisms of phase resetting and phase and tempo adjustments that allow the periodic output of signaling individuals to be aligned in synchronized rhythmic group displays. These mechanisms are well described in some of the synchronizing arthropod species, in which conspecific signals reset an individual's endogenous output oscillators in such a way that the joint rhythmic signals are locked in phase. Some of these species are capable of mutually adjusting both the phase and tempo of their rhythmic signaling, thereby achieving what is called perfect synchrony, a capacity which otherwise is found only in humans. We discuss this disjoint phylogenetic distribution of inter-individual rhythmic entrainment in the context of the functions such entrainment might perform in the various species concerned, and the adaptive circumstances in which it might evolve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Greenfield
- ENES Bioacoustics Research Lab, CRNL, University of Saint-Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
| | - Bjorn Merker
- Independent Scholar, SE-29194 Kristianstad, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ueda S, Shimoda S. Enriched sensory feedback delivered during a voluntary action boosts subjective time compression. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1140569. [PMID: 37637910 PMCID: PMC10450144 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The subjective experience of time can be influenced by various factors including voluntary actions. In our previous study, we found that the subjective time experience of an action outcome can be compressed when an individual performs a continuous action compared to a single action, suggesting that the sense of agency (SoA), the feeling of control over one's own action outcomes, contributes to the subjective time compression. We hypothesized that enhancing SoA by providing sensory feedback to participants would further compress the subjective time experience. Methods To test the hypothesis, we used a temporal reproduction task where participants reproduced the duration of a previously exposed auditory stimulus by performing different voluntary actions: a combination of single actions with single auditory feedback, continuous action with single auditory feedback, or continuous action with multiple auditory feedback. Results The results showed that the continuous action conditions, regardless of the type of auditory feedback, led to a compression of the subjective time experience of the reproduced tone, whereas the single action condition did not. Furthermore, a greater degree of subjective time compression during continuous action and a stronger SoA were revealed when enriched with multiple auditory feedback. Discussion These results indicate that enriching auditory feedback can increase subjective time compression during voluntary action, which in turn enhances SoA over action outcomes. This suggests the potential for developing new techniques to artificially compress the subjective time experience of daily events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayako Ueda
- Department of Psychology, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Shingo Shimoda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Moinnereau MA, Oliveira AA, Falk TH. Quantifying time perception during virtual reality gameplay using a multimodal biosensor-instrumented headset: a feasibility study. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2023; 4:1189179. [PMID: 38234469 PMCID: PMC10790866 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2023.1189179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We have all experienced the sense of time slowing down when we are bored or speeding up when we are focused, engaged, or excited about a task. In virtual reality (VR), perception of time can be a key aspect related to flow, immersion, engagement, and ultimately, to overall quality of experience. While several studies have explored changes in time perception using questionnaires, limited studies have attempted to characterize them objectively. In this paper, we propose the use of a multimodal biosensor-embedded VR headset capable of measuring electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), electrocardiography (ECG), and head movement data while the user is immersed in a virtual environment. Eight gamers were recruited to play a commercial action game comprised of puzzle-solving tasks and first-person shooting and combat. After gameplay, ratings were given across multiple dimensions, including (1) the perception of time flowing differently than usual and (2) the gamers losing sense of time. Several features were extracted from the biosignals, ranked based on a two-step feature selection procedure, and then mapped to a predicted time perception rating using a Gaussian process regressor. Top features were found to come from the four signal modalities and the two regressors, one for each time perception scale, were shown to achieve results significantly better than chance. An in-depth analysis of the top features is presented with the hope that the insights can be used to inform the design of more engaging and immersive VR experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Moinnereau
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-EMT), University of Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alcyr A. Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Psychology and Health, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Falk
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-EMT), University of Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim H, Lee G, Lee J, Kim YH. Alterations in learning-related cortical activation and functional connectivity by high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation after stroke: an fNIRS study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1189420. [PMID: 37332855 PMCID: PMC10275383 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1189420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Motor learning is a key component of stroke neurorehabilitation. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) was recently developed as a tDCS technique that increases the accuracy of current delivery to the brain using arrays of small electrodes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether HD-tDCS alters learning-related cortical activation and functional connectivity in stroke patients using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods Using a sham-controlled crossover study design, 16 chronic stroke patients were randomly assigned to one of two intervention conditions. Both groups performed the sequential finger tapping task (SFTT) on five consecutive days, either with (a) real HD-tDCS or (b) with sham HD-tDCS. HD-tDCS (1 mA for 20 min, 4 × 1) was administered to C3 or C4 (according to lesion side). fNIRS signals were measured during the SFTT with the affected hand before (baseline) and after each intervention using fNIRS measurement system. Cortical activation and functional connectivity of NIRS signals were analyzed using a statistical parametric mapping open-source software package (NIRS-SPM), OptoNet II®. Results In the real HD-tDCS condition, oxyHb concentration increased significantly in the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1). Connectivity between the ipsilesional M1 and the premotor cortex (PM) was noticeably strengthened after real HD-tDCS compared with baseline. Motor performance also significantly improved, as shown in response time during the SFTT. In the sham HD-tDCS condition, functional connectivity between contralesional M1 and sensory cortex was enhanced compared with baseline. There was tendency toward improvement in SFTT response time, but without significance. Discussion The results of this study indicated that HD-tDCS could modulate learning-related cortical activity and functional connectivity within motor networks to enhance motor learning performance. HD-tDCS can be used as an additional tool for enhancing motor learning during hand rehabilitation for chronic stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heegoo Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihyoun Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsoo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Haeundae Sharing and Happiness Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mannarelli D, Pauletti C, Petritis A, Maffucci A, Currà A, Trompetto C, Marinelli L, Fattapposta F. The role of cerebellum in timing processing: a contingent negative variation study. Neurosci Lett 2023:137301. [PMID: 37244448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Time management is an important aspect of human behaviour and cognition. Several brain regions are thought to be involved in motor timing and time estimation tasks. However, subcortical regions such as the basal nuclei and cerebellum seem to play a role in timing control. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the cerebellum in temporal processing. For this purpose, we transitorily inhibited cerebellar activity by means of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and studied the effects of this inhibition on contingent negative variation (CNV) parameters elicited during a S1-S2 motor task in healthy subjects. Sixteen healthy subjects underwent a S1-S2 motor task prior to and after cathodal and sham cerebellar tDCS in separate sessions. The CNV task consisted of a duration discrimination task in which subjects had to determine whether the duration of a probe interval trial was shorter (800 ms), longer (1600 ms), or equal to the target interval of 1200 ms. A reduction in total CNV amplitude emerged only after cathodal tDCS for short and target interval trials, while no differences were detected for the long interval trial. Errors were significantly higher after cathodal tDCS than at baseline evaluation of short and target intervals. No reaction time differences were found for any time interval after the cathodal and sham sessions. These results point to a role of the cerebellum in time perception. In particular, the cerebellum seems to regulate temporal interval discrimination for second and sub-second ranges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mannarelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome, Italy.
| | - Caterina Pauletti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Petritis
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maffucci
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonio Currà
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, A. Fiorini Hospital, Terracina, LT, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
| | - Carlo Trompetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | - Lucio Marinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fattapposta
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 30, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wen XQ, Zhang J, Ren J. Sustained effect of auditory entrainment on sequential tapping: The role of movement path complexity. Hum Mov Sci 2023; 89:103099. [PMID: 37209521 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The effects of auditory-motor entrainment have generally been investigated with periodic movements. Previous research has focused on how auditory-motor entrainment is influenced by the temporal structure of rhythms. The present study aimed to investigate whether auditory entrainment improved timing performance of sequential movements with varied path structures, and whether path complexity would affect any possible sustained effect of auditory entrainment. We also investigated whether the sustained effect was moderated by hearing single- vs. multiple-pitch audio prompts. Thirty participants were enrolled to perform a sequential finger-tapping task with discrete targets, in which the algebraic ratio relation of path lengths was manipulated as path complexity. Participants completed three stages per trial: initiation (to introduce the path sequence), entrainment (tapping along with the auditory and visual cues), and timekeeping (repeating the sequence without cues). We found timing improvement in terms of mean asynchronies and absolute interval error decrease after auditory entrainment. Only interval accuracy performance during timekeeping and entrainment was affected by path complexity. Moreover, no clear difference was observed between the rhythm sets in terms of single vs. multiple pitches. In conclusion, we found that phase and interval duration accuracy of predefined isochronous sequential movements with varied path complexity can be improved by auditory entrainment, and that auditory entrainment affects our performance beyond the actual presence of the auditory cue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Wen
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Heilongjiang Shooting, Cycling and Archery Sports Management Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150049, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; School of Sport Communication and Information Technology, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Scozia G, Pinto M, Lozito S, Lasaponara S, Binetti N, Pazzaglia M, Doricchi F. Space is a late heuristic of elapsing time: New evidence from the STEARC effect. Cortex 2023; 164:21-32. [PMID: 37148825 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To get a concrete representation of its intangible flow, culture frames elapsing time along spatially oriented mental or graphical lines, which are organised according to reading habits, from left to right in western cultures. One of the strongest evidence for this spatial representation of time is the STEARC effect (Spatial-Temporal Association of Response Codes), which consists of faster coding of "short" durations with motor responses in the left side of space and of "long" durations with responses in the right side. Here, we investigated the STEARC as a function of response speed in two different experiments in healthy participants. Surprisingly, in both sub- and supra-second ranges, we found the STEARC only when decisions on time durations were slow, while no spatial representation of time was present with fast decisions. This first demonstrates that space slowly takes over faster non-spatial processing of time flow and that it is possible to empirically separate the behavioural manifestations of the non-spatial and the nurtured spatial mechanisms of time coding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Scozia
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Pinto
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvana Lozito
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Lasaponara
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Nicola Binetti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariella Pazzaglia
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Doricchi
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Purohit P, Roy PK. Interaction between spatial perception and temporal perception enables preservation of cause-effect relationship: Visual psychophysics and neuronal dynamics. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:9101-9134. [PMID: 37161236 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visual perception of moving objects is integral to our day-to-day life, integrating visual spatial and temporal perception. Most research studies have focused on finding the brain regions activated during motion perception. However, an empirically validated general mathematical model is required to understand the modulation of the motion perception. Here, we develop a mathematical formulation of the modulation of the perception of a moving object due to a change in speed, under the formulation of the invariance of causality. METHODS We formulated the perception of a moving object as the coordinate transformation from a retinotopic space onto perceptual space and derived a quantitative relationship between spatiotemporal coordinates. To validate our model, we undertook the analysis of two experiments: (i) the perceived length of the moving arc, and (ii) the perceived time while observing moving stimuli. We performed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tractography investigation of subjects to demarcate the anatomical correlation of the modulation of the perception of moving objects. RESULTS Our theoretical model shows that the interaction between visual-spatial and temporal perception, during the perception of moving object is described by coupled linear equations; and experimental observations validate our model. We observed that cerebral area V5 may be an anatomical correlate for this interaction. The physiological basis of interaction is shown by a Lotka-Volterra system delineating interplay between acetylcholine and dopamine neurotransmitters, whose concentrations vary periodically with the orthogonal phase shift between them, occurring at the axodendritic synapse of complex cells at area V5. CONCLUSION Under the invariance of causality in the representation of events in retinotopic space and perceptual space, the speed modulates the perception of a moving object. This modulation may be due to variations of the tuning properties of complex cells at area V5 due to the dynamic interaction between acetylcholine and dopamine. Our analysis is the first significant study, to our knowledge, that establishes a mathematical linkage between motion perception and causality invariance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Purohit
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Prasun K Roy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar University (SNU), Delhi NCR, Dadri 201314, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Teghil A, D'Antonio F, Di Vita A, Guariglia C, Boccia M. Temporal learning in the suprasecond range: insights from cognitive style. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 87:568-582. [PMID: 35344099 PMCID: PMC9928821 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-022-01667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The acquisition of information on the timing of events or actions (temporal learning) occurs in both the subsecond and suprasecond range. However, although relevant differences between participants have been reported in temporal learning, the role of dimensions of individual variability in affecting performance in such tasks is still unclear. Here we investigated this issue, assessing the effect of field-dependent/independent cognitive style on temporal learning in the suprasecond range. Since different mechanisms mediate timing when a temporal representation is self-generated, and when it depends on an external referent, temporal learning was assessed in two conditions. Participants observed a stimulus across six repetitions and reproduced it. Unbeknownst to them, in an internally-based learning (IBL) condition, the stimulus duration was fixed within a trial, although the number of events defining it varied; in an externally-cued learning (ECL) condition, the stimulus was defined by the same number of events within each trial, although its duration varied. The effect of the reproduction modality was also assessed (motor vs. perceptual). Error scores were higher in IBL compared to ECL; the reverse was true for variability. Field-independent individuals performed better than field-dependent ones only in IBL, as further confirmed by correlation analyses. Findings provide evidence that differences in dimensions of variability in high-level cognitive functioning, such as field dependence/independence, significantly affect temporal learning in the suprasecond range, and that this effect depends on the type of temporal representation fostered by the specific task demands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Teghil
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizia D'Antonio
- Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Vita
- Department of Human Neuroscience, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
White PA. Time marking in perception. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105043. [PMID: 36642288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several authors have proposed that perceptual information carries labels that identify temporal features, including time of occurrence, ordinal temporal relations, and brief durations. These labels serve to locate and organise perceptual objects, features, and events in time. In some proposals time marking has local, specific functions such as synchronisation of different features in perceptual processing. In other proposals time marking has general significance and is responsible for rendering perceptual experience temporally coherent, just as various forms of spatial information render the visual environment spatially coherent. These proposals, which all concern time marking on the millisecond time scale, are reviewed. It is concluded that time marking is vital to the construction of a multisensory perceptual world in which things are orderly with respect to both space and time, but that much more research is needed to ascertain its functions in perception and its neurophysiological foundations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A White
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3YG, Wales, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Little fast, little slow, should I stay or should I go? Adapting cognitive control to local-global temporal prediction across typical development. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281417. [PMID: 36827315 PMCID: PMC9955637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive cognitive control (CC), the ability to adjust goal-directed behavior according to changing environmental demand, can be instantiated bottom-up by implicit knowledge, including temporal predictability of task-relevant events. In S1-S2 tasks, either local (trial-by-trial hazard expectation) or global (block-by-block expectation) temporal information can induce prediction, allowing for proactive action control. Recent developmental evidence showed that adaptive CC based on global temporal prediction emerges earlier than when it is based on the local one only. However, very little is known about how children learn to dynamically adjust behavior on the fly according to changing global predictive information. Addressing this issue is nevertheless crucial to unravel the mechanisms underlying adaptive CC flexibility. Here we used a modified version of the Dynamic Temporal Prediction task to investigate how typically developing younger (6-8 years) and older children (9-11 years), adolescents (12-15 years) and adults (21-31 years) use global prediction to shape adaptive CC over time. Specifically, the short-long percentage of S2 preparatory intervals was manipulated list-wide to create a slow-fast-slow-fast fixed block sequence and test how efficiently the response speed adapted accordingly. Overall, results revealed that in all groups behavioral performance is successfully adjusted as a function of global prediction in the late phase of the task (block 3 to 4). Remarkably, only adolescents and adults exhibit an early adaptation of adaptive CC (block 1 to 2), while children younger than 11 show sluggish ability in inferring implicit changes in global predictive rules. This age-related dissociation suggests that, although being present from an early age, adaptive CC based on global predictive information needs more developmental space to become flexible in an efficient way. In the light of a neuroconstructivist approach, we suggest that bottom-up driven implicit flexibility may represent a key prerequisite for the development of efficient explicit cognitive control.
Collapse
|
32
|
Mette C. Time Perception in Adult ADHD: Findings from a Decade-A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3098. [PMID: 36833791 PMCID: PMC9962130 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Time perception is impaired in adult ADHD. Since the term time perception subsumes different constructs, including time estimation, time reproduction, time production, and duration discrimination, it remains open whether certain domains are more affected than other domains in adult ADHD. The aim of this explorative review is to present the current state of research on time perception in adult ADHD by analysing studies from the past 10 years. A review of the literature addressing adult ADHD time perception, time estimation, and time reproduction was performed. The search strategy was conducted by using the databases "PubMed", "Medline", and "PSYNDEX". The results of the present review indicate that the number of studies on time perception in adult ADHD is very scarce. Moreover, the main investigated domains of time perception in the past decade were time estimation, time reproduction and time management. Whereas some of the found studies were able to demonstrate a distinct deficit in time estimation, time reproduction and time management other studies were unable to demonstrate a clear association between ADHD and time estimation and time reproduction deficits. However, the diagnostic protocols, study design, and methodology varied between studies. Further studies on time estimation and time reproduction need to be carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mette
- Department of Psychology, Immanuel-Kant-Str. 18-20, Protestant University of Applied Sciences, 44809 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pollok B, Hagedorn A, Krause V, Kotz SA. Age interferes with sensorimotor timing and error correction in the supra-second range. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1048610. [PMID: 36704500 PMCID: PMC9871492 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1048610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Precise motor timing including the ability to adjust movements after changes in the environment is fundamental to many daily activities. Sensorimotor timing in the sub-and supra-second range might rely on at least partially distinct brain networks, with the latter including the basal ganglia (BG) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Since both structures are particularly vulnerable to age-related decline, the present study investigated whether age might distinctively affect sensorimotor timing and error correction in the supra-second range. Methods A total of 50 healthy right-handed volunteers with 22 older (age range: 50-60 years) and 28 younger (age range: 20-36 years) participants synchronized the tap-onsets of their right index finger with an isochronous auditory pacing signal. Stimulus onset asynchronies were either 900 or 1,600 ms. Positive or negative step-changes that were perceivable or non-perceivable were occasionally interspersed to the fixed intervals to induce error correction. A simple reaction time task served as control condition. Results and Discussion In line with our hypothesis, synchronization variability in trials with supra-second intervals was larger in the older group. While reaction times were not affected by age, the mean negative asynchrony was significantly smaller in the elderly in trials with positive step-changes, suggesting more pronounced tolerance of positive deviations at older age. The analysis of error correction by means of the phase correction response (PCR) suggests reduced error correction in the older group. This effect emerged in trials with supra-second intervals and large positive step-changes, only. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that sensorimotor synchronization in the sub-second range is maintained but synchronization accuracy and error correction in the supra-second range is reduced in the elderly as early as in the fifth decade of life suggesting that these measures are suitable for the early detection of age-related changes of the motor system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Pollok
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,*Correspondence: Bettina Pollok,
| | - Amelie Hagedorn
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Krause
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Neuropsychology, Mauritius Hospital and Neurorehabilitation Center Meerbusch, Meerbusch, Germany
| | - Sonja A. Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Teghil A, Bonavita A, Procida F, Giove F, Boccia M. Intrinsic hippocampal connectivity is associated with individual differences in retrospective duration processing. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:687-695. [PMID: 36695891 PMCID: PMC9944733 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The estimation of incidentally encoded durations of time intervals (retrospective duration processing) is thought to rely on the retrieval of contextual information associated with a sequence of events, automatically encoded in medial temporal lobe regions. "Time cells" have been described in the hippocampus (HC), encoding the temporal progression of events and their duration. However, whether the HC supports explicit retrospective duration judgments in humans, and which neural dynamics are involved, is still poorly understood. Here we used resting-state fMRI to test the relation between variations in intrinsic connectivity patterns of the HC, and individual differences in retrospective duration processing, assessed using a novel task involving the presentation of ecological stimuli. Results showed that retrospective duration discrimination performance predicted variations in the intrinsic connectivity of the bilateral HC with the right precentral gyrus; follow-up exploratory analyses suggested a role of the CA1 and CA4/DG subfields in driving the observed pattern. Findings provide insights on neural networks associated with implicit processing of durations in the second range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Teghil
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Bonavita
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy ,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy ,PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Procida
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Giove
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy ,MARBILab, Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy ,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Droit-Volet S, Hallez Q. Difference Between the Judgment of Short and Long Durations: Estimates of Durations and Judgment of the Passage of Time. TIMING & TIME PERCEPTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/22134468-bja10072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to examine intra-individual differences in both duration and passage of time (PoT) judgments, and the relationships between them, for a wide range of durations going from a few hundred milliseconds to several minutes. Participants performed a study with a within-subjects design with durations in the milliseconds (200–400 ms), seconds (2–4 s), tens of seconds (20–40 s) and minutes (2–4 min) ranges. For the duration judgments, the results revealed individual differences in temporal accuracy between short durations (<3 s) and long durations (>20 s). In contrast, positive relationships were observed for PoT judgments across the different time scales, except for the millisecond duration. Finally, a significant correlation between duration and PoT judgments appeared in our study only for durations longer than 1 s. Taken together, these results support the temporal taxonomy that distinguishes between the processing of short and long durations, with the latter likely being modulated by memory mechanisms and the awareness of the PoT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Droit-Volet
- Université Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, LAPSCO, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Quentin Hallez
- Institut de Psychologie, DIPHE, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 69500 Bron, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pacella V, Scandola M, Bà M, Smania N, Beccherle M, Rossato E, Volpe D, Moro V. Temporal judgments of actions following unilateral brain damage. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21668. [PMID: 36522442 PMCID: PMC9755153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sense of time is a complex construct, and its neural correlates remain to date in most part unknown. To complicate the frame, physical attributes of the stimulus, such as its intensity or movement, influence temporal perception. Although previous studies have shown that time perception can be compromised after a brain lesion, the evidence on the role of the left and right hemispheres are meager. In two experiments, the study explores the ability of temporal estimation of multi-second actions and non-biological movements in 33 patients suffering from unilateral brain lesion. Furthermore, the modulatory role of induced embodiment processes is investigated. The results reveal a joint contribution of the two hemispheres depending not only on different durations but also on the presence of actions. Indeed, the left hemisphere damaged patients find it difficult to estimate 4500 ms or longer durations, while the right hemisphere damaged patients fail in 3000 ms durations. Furthermore, the former fail when a biological action is shown, while the latter fail in non-biological movement. Embodiment processes have a modulatory effect only after right hemisphere lesions. Among neuropsychological variables, only spatial neglect influences estimation of non-biological movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pacella
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XGroupe d’Imagerie NeurofonctionnelleInstitut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, CS 61292, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France ,grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - M. Scandola
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124NPSY-Lab.VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - M. Bà
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124NPSY-Lab.VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - N. Smania
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M. Beccherle
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Psychology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Rossato
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, 37024 Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - D. Volpe
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Parkinson’s Disease Excellence Center, Fresco Institute Italy - NYU Langone, Casa di Cura Villa Margherita via Costacolonna n 1 Arcugnano, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Valentina Moro
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124NPSY-Lab.VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129 Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hobeika L, Ghilain M, Schiaratura L, Lesaffre M, Puisieux F, Huvent-Grelle D, Samson S. The effect of the severity of neurocognitive disorders on emotional and motor responses to music. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1518:231-238. [PMID: 36321882 PMCID: PMC10092214 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The successful design of musical interventions for dementia patients requires knowledge of how rhythmic abilities change with disease severity. In this study, we tested the impact of the severity of the neurocognitive disorders (NCD) on the socioemotional and motor responses to music in three groups of patients with Major NCD, Mild NCD, or No NCD. Patients were asked to tap to a metronomic or musical rhythm while facing a live musician or through a video. We recorded their emotional facial reactions and their sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) abilities. Patients with No NCD or Mild NCD expressed positive socioemotional reactions to music, but patients with Major NCD did not, indicating a decrease in the positive emotional impact of music at this stage of the disease. SMS to a metronome was less regular and less precise in patients with a Major NCD than in patients with No NCD or Mild NCD, which was not the case when tapping with music, particularly in the presence of a live musician, suggesting the relevance of live performance for patients with Major NCD. These findings suggest that the socioemotional and motor reactions to music are negatively affected by the progression of the NCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise Hobeika
- PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Ghilain
- PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Loris Schiaratura
- PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Micheline Lesaffre
- Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music, Department of Arts, Music and Theater Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - François Puisieux
- Hôpital Gériatrique les Bateliers, Pôle de Gérontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Huvent-Grelle
- Hôpital Gériatrique les Bateliers, Pôle de Gérontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Samson
- PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Uraguchi M, Maulina VVR, Ohira H. Interoceptive accuracy correlates with precision of time perception in the millisecond range. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:993491. [PMID: 36452334 PMCID: PMC9701738 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.993491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that accuracy in time perception is related to interoceptive accuracy and vagal activity. However, studies investigating time perception in the supra-second range have provided mixed results, and few studies have investigated the sub-second range. Moreover, there is a lack of studies investigating the relationship between precision in time perception and interoceptive accuracy. A recent meta-analytic review of neuroimaging studies proposed a dynamic interaction between two types of timing processing-an endogenous time keeping mechanism and the use of exogenous temporal cues. Interoceptive accuracy may affect both accuracy and precision of primary temporal representations, as they are generated based on the endogenous time keeping mechanism. Temporal accuracy may vary when adapted to the environmental context. In contrast, temporal precision contains some constant noise, which may maintain the relationship with interoceptive accuracy. Based on these assumptions, we hypothesized that interoceptive accuracy would be associated with temporal precision in the sub-second range, while vagal activity would be associated with temporal accuracy. We used the temporal generalization task, which allowed us to calculate the indices of temporal accuracy and temporal precision in line with the existing research, and also compute the index of participants' sensitivity according to the signal detection theory. Specifically, we investigated whether (1) interoceptive accuracy would correlate with temporal accuracy, temporal precision, or sensitivity and (2) resting-state vagal activity would correlate with temporal accuracy, temporal precision, or sensitivity. The results indicated that interoceptive accuracy was positively correlated with temporal precision as well as sensitivity, but not with temporal accuracy, in the sub-second range time perception. Vagal activity was negatively correlated only with sensitivity. Furthermore, we found a moderation effect of sensitivity on the relationship between vagal activity and perceived duration, which affected the association between vagal activity and temporal accuracy. These findings suggest the importance of precision as an aspect of time perception, which future studies should further explore in relation to interoception and vagal activity, and of the moderation effects of factors such as participants' sensitivity in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Uraguchi
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Venie Viktoria Rondang Maulina
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hideki Ohira
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Resting-state fMRI functional connectivity of the left temporal parietal junction is associated with visual temporal order threshold. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15933. [PMID: 36153359 PMCID: PMC9509386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the relationship between the millisecond timing, measured by visual temporal order threshold (TOT), i.e. a minimum gap between two successive stimuli necessary to judge a before-after relation, and resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (rsFC). We assume that the TOT reflects a relatively stable feature of local internal state networks and is associated with rsFC of the temporal parietal junction (TPJ). Sixty five healthy young adults underwent the visual TOT, fluid intelligence (Gf) and an eyes-open resting-state fMRI examination. After controlling for the influence of gender, the higher the TOT, the stronger was the left TPJ’s rsFC with the left postcentral and the right precentral gyri, bilateral putamen and the right supplementary motor area. When the effects of Gf and TOT × Gf interaction were additionally controlled, the TOT—left TPJ’s rsFC relationship survived for almost all above regions with the exception of the left and right putamen. This is the first study demonstrating that visual TOT is associated with rsFC between the areas involved both in sub-second timing and motor control. Current outcomes indicate that the local neural networks are prepared to process brief, rapidly presented, consecutive events, even in the absence of such stimulation.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tsao A, Yousefzadeh SA, Meck WH, Moser MB, Moser EI. The neural bases for timing of durations. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:646-665. [PMID: 36097049 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Durations are defined by a beginning and an end, and a major distinction is drawn between durations that start in the present and end in the future ('prospective timing') and durations that start in the past and end either in the past or the present ('retrospective timing'). Different psychological processes are thought to be engaged in each of these cases. The former is thought to engage a clock-like mechanism that accurately tracks the continuing passage of time, whereas the latter is thought to engage a reconstructive process that utilizes both temporal and non-temporal information from the memory of past events. We propose that, from a biological perspective, these two forms of duration 'estimation' are supported by computational processes that are both reliant on population state dynamics but are nevertheless distinct. Prospective timing is effectively carried out in a single step where the ongoing dynamics of population activity directly serve as the computation of duration, whereas retrospective timing is carried out in two steps: the initial generation of population state dynamics through the process of event segmentation and the subsequent computation of duration utilizing the memory of those dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Tsao
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | | | - Warren H Meck
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - May-Britt Moser
- Centre for Neural Computation, Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Edvard I Moser
- Centre for Neural Computation, Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Irie S, Watanabe Y, Tachibana A, Sakata N. Mental arithmetic modulates temporal variabilities of finger-tapping tasks in a tempo-dependent manner. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13944. [PMID: 36042862 PMCID: PMC9420403 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several psychiatric diseases impair temporal processing. Temporal processing is thought to be based on two domains: supra-second intervals and sub-second intervals. Studies show that temporal processing in sub-second intervals is mainly an automated process. However, the brain functions involved in temporal processing at each time scale remain unclear. We hypothesized that temporal processing in supra-second intervals requires several brain areas, such as the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and inferior parietal lobe, corresponding to various cognitions in a time scale-dependent manner. We focused on a dual-task paradigm (DTP) involving simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor tasks, which is an effective method for screening psychomotor functions; we then designed a DTP comprising finger tapping at various tempi as the temporal processing task and two cognitive tasks (mental arithmetic and reading) that might affect temporal processing. We hoped to determine whether task-dependent interferences on temporal processing in supra-second intervals differed depending on the cognitive tasks involved. Methods The study included 30 participants with no history of neuromuscular disorders. Participants were asked to perform a DTP involving right index finger tapping at varying tempi (0.33, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 s inter-tapping intervals). Cognitive tasks comprised mental arithmetic (MA) involving three-digit addition, mental reading (MR) of three- to four-digit numbers, and a control (CTL) task without any cognitive loading. For comparison between tasks, we calculated the SDs of the inter-tapping intervals. Participants' MA abilities in the three-digit addition task were evaluated. Results The MA and MR tasks significantly increased the SDs of the inter-tapping intervals compared to those of the CTL task in 2-3 s and 3-4 s for the MA and MR tasks, respectively. Furthermore, SD peaks in the finger-tapping tasks involving MA were normalized by those in the CTL task, which were moderately correlated with the participants' MA ability (r = 0.462, P = 0.010). Discussion Our results established that DTP involving the temporal coordination of finger-tapping and cognitive tasks increased temporal variability in a task- and tempo-dependent manner. Based on the behavioral aspects, we believe that these modulations of temporal variability might result from the interaction between finger function, arithmetic processing, and temporal processing, especially during the "pre-semantic period". Our findings may help in understanding the temporal processing deficits in various disorders such as dementia, Parkinson's disease, and autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Irie
- Division for Smart Healthcare Research, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Watanabe
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsumichi Tachibana
- Department of Anatomy, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sakata
- Division for Smart Healthcare Research, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Tochigi, Japan,Center for Information & Communication Technology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu-machi, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ono K. Enhancement of visuomotor synchronization by a regular pattern of stimulus presentation. Neurosci Lett 2022; 786:136798. [PMID: 35843470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stable synchronization with external auditory/visual events is important for cooperative behavior, such as playing music in an orchestra. One way to enhance synchronization in the auditory domain is by inserting different tones between tones to synchronize. Synchronized tapping for every other tone or more (1: n tapping) is less variable than that for each tone (1:1 tapping). This phenomenon is called the "subdivision benefit," which is interpreted as that additional temporal references by subdivided tones make synchronization more stable. However, it is unclear whether visuomotor synchronization becomes more stable by subdividing a stimulus sequence. To clarify this, the present study compared 1:3 tapping with a sequence of three-picture patterns and 1:1 tapping with a single picture repetition. When the inter-tap interval (ITI) was 1200 ms or more, the tapping variability showed a subdivision benefit, irrespective of the position of the pictures (1st, 2nd, or 3rd picture) in the three-picture pattern. However, when the ITI was <1000 ms, subdivision did not have any significant effect. These results imply that the subdivision benefit is due to the additional temporal reference provided by the subdivided stimuli, and the benefit depends on the ITI length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Ono
- Center for Brain, Mind, and KANSEI Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Amadeo MB, Esposito D, Escelsior A, Campus C, Inuggi A, Pereira Da Silva B, Serafini G, Amore M, Gori M. Time in schizophrenia: a link between psychopathology, psychophysics and technology. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:331. [PMID: 35961974 PMCID: PMC9374791 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely demonstrated that time processing is altered in patients with schizophrenia. This perspective review delves into such temporal deficit and highlights its link to low-level sensory alterations, which are often overlooked in rehabilitation protocols for psychosis. However, if temporal impairment at the sensory level is inherent to the disease, new interventions should focus on this dimension. Beyond more traditional types of intervention, here we review the most recent digital technologies for rehabilitation and the most promising ones for sensory training. The overall aim is to synthesise existing literature on time in schizophrenia linking psychopathology, psychophysics, and technology to help future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bianca Amadeo
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy.
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy.
| | - Davide Esposito
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Campus
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
| | - Alberto Inuggi
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
| | - Beatriz Pereira Da Silva
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Gori
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tal-Perry N, Yuval-Greenberg S. Contraction bias in temporal estimation. Cognition 2022; 229:105234. [PMID: 35961164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
When asked to compare the perceptual features of two serially presented objects, participants are often biased to over- or under-estimate the difference in magnitude between the stimuli. Overestimation occurs consistently when a) the two stimuli are relatively small in magnitude and the first stimulus is larger in magnitude than the second; or b) the two stimuli are relatively large in magnitude and the first stimulus is smaller in magnitude than the second; underestimation consistently occurs in the complementary cases. This systematic perceptual bias, known as the contraction bias, was demonstrated for a multitude of perceptual features and in various modalities. Here, we tested whether estimation of time-duration is affected by the contraction bias. In each trial of three experiments (n = 20 each), participants compared the duration of two visually presented stimuli. Findings revealed over- and under-estimation effects as predicted by the contraction bias. Here, we discuss this asymmetry and describe how these findings can be explained via a Bayesian inference framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noam Tal-Perry
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ogden RS, Dobbins C, Slade K, McIntyre J, Fairclough S. The psychophysiological mechanisms of real-world time experience. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12890. [PMID: 35902608 PMCID: PMC9330997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our sense of time is fallible, often resulting in the sensation of time flying by quickly or dragging slowly. It has been suggested that changes in sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity may influence the perceived passage of time, however this proposition has never been tested during real-world temporal experience. The current study directly tested the relationship between the passage of time and SNS-PNS activity in the real-world. Sixty-seven participants completed a normal day's activities whilst wearing sensors to capture electrocardiography (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA) and movement. They also provided hourly rating of the subjective speed at which time was passing. Results revealed that greater SNS activity (e.g., increased heart rate, frequency of phasic skin conductance response) was associated with time passing more quickly. PNS activity was not related to time experience. Whilst the findings support previous suggestions that changes in physiological arousal are associated with distortions to the passage of time, the effects are small and other factors are likely to contribute to real-world temporal experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth S Ogden
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L33AF, UK.
| | - Chelsea Dobbins
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kate Slade
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA14YW, UK
| | - Jason McIntyre
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L33AF, UK
| | - Stephen Fairclough
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L33AF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Monfort V, Pfeuty M, Masson I, Kop JL, Brissart H, Maillard L. Preserved time but altered numerosity processing in epileptic patients with postoperative lesion in the inferior frontal gyrus. Brain Cogn 2022; 160:105865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Cieri F. Memory for the Future: Psychodynamic Approach to Time and Self Through the Default Network. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:885315. [PMID: 35782047 PMCID: PMC9245038 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.885315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Time exists in us, and our self exists in time. Our self is affected and shaped by time to the point that a better understanding of the former can aid the understanding of the latter. Psychoanalysis works through self and time, where the self is composed of the biopsychosocial history (the past) of the individual and able to map a trajectory for the future. The psychoanalytic relationship starts from a "measurement": an active process able to alter the system being measured-the self-continuously built over time. This manuscript, starts from the philosophical and scientific tradition of a proximity between time and self, suggesting a neural overlapping at the Default Network. A historical and scientific background will be introduced, proposing a multidisciplinary dimension that has characterized the birth of psychoanalysis (its past), influencing its present and future in the dialogue with physics and neuroscience. After a historical scientific introduction, a neural entanglement between past and future at the Default Network level will be proposed, tracing a link with the self at the level of this network. This hypothesis will be supported by studies in cognitive neurosciences and functional neuroimaging which have used the resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The ontogenetic development of time perception will be discussed, consistent with self-development and the Default Network's function. The most common form of dementia, the Alzheimer's Disease, in which the perception of time is brutally impaired together with a loss of the self's functions will be proposed to support this idea. Finally, the potential theoretical and clinical significance for psychoanalysis and psychodynamic neurosciences, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cieri
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Puyjarinet F, Bégel V, Geny C, Driss V, Cuartero MC, De Cock VC, Pinto S, Dalla Bella S. At-Home Training With a Rhythmic Video Game for Improving Orofacial, Manual, and Gait Abilities in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:874032. [PMID: 35769698 PMCID: PMC9235408 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.874032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythm disorders are consistently reported in Parkinson’s disease (PD). They manifest across motor domains, such as in orofacial (oral diadochokinesis), manual (finger tapping), and gait tasks. It is still unclear, however, whether these disorders are domain- and task-specific, or result from impaired common mechanisms supporting rhythm processing (general dysrhythmia). We tested the possibility that an at-home intervention delivered via a rhythmic video game on tablet improves motor performance across motor domains in PD. Patients with PD (n = 12) played at home a rhythmic video game (Rhythm Workers) on tablet, in which they finger-tapped to the beat of music, for 6 weeks. A control group (n = 11) played an active non-rhythmic video game (Tetris). A third group (n = 10) did not receive any intervention. We measured rhythmic abilities in orofacial, manual and gait motor domains, as well as rhythm perception, before and after the intervention. Patients who performed the rhythmic training improved their orofacial and manual rhythmic performance. This beneficial effect was linked to improved rhythm perception only following the rhythmic training period. We did not observe any improvement in rhythmic abilities in the other two groups. In this pilot study, we demonstrated that at-home intervention with a rhythmic video game using finger tapping can have beneficial effects on motor performance across different motor domains (manual and orofacial). This finding provides evidence of a general dysrhythmia in PD and paves the way to technology-driven interventions aiming at alleviating rhythm-related motor deficits in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Puyjarinet
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Frédéric Puyjarinet,
| | - Valentin Bégel
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Geny
- Department of Geriatrics, CHRU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Driss
- Clinical Investigation Centre, CHRU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Serge Pinto
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, LPL, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Simone Dalla Bella
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Simone Dalla Bella,
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin B, Chen Y, Li B, Avitt A, Guo Y, Pan L, Huang X. Spatial Selectivity of the Visual Duration Aftereffect in the Sub-second Range: An Event-related Potentials Study. Behav Brain Res 2022; 431:113950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
50
|
Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (atDCS) of the Primary Motor Cortex (M1) Facilitates Nonconscious Error Correction of Negative Phase Shifts. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:9419154. [PMID: 35662740 PMCID: PMC9159881 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9419154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate motor timing requires the temporally precise coupling between sensory input and motor output including the adjustment of movements with respect to changes in the environment. Such error correction has been related to a cerebello-thalamo-cortical network. At least partially distinct networks for the correction of perceived (i.e., conscious) as compared to nonperceived (i.e., nonconscious) errors have been suggested. While the cerebellum, the premotor, and the prefrontal cortex seem to be involved in conscious error correction, the network subserving nonconscious error correction is less clear. The present study is aimed at investigating the functional contribution of the primary motor cortex (M1) for both types of error correction in the temporal domain. To this end, anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) was applied to the left M1 in a group of 18 healthy young volunteers during a resting period of 10 minutes. Sensorimotor synchronization as well as error correction of the right index finger was tested immediately prior to and after atDCS. Sham stimulation served as control condition. To induce error correction, nonconscious and conscious temporal step-changes were interspersed in a sequence of an isochronous auditory pacing signal in either direction (i.e., negative or positive) yielding either shorter or longer intervals. Prior to atDCS, faster error correction in conscious as compared to nonconscious trials was observed replicating previous findings. atDCS facilitated nonconscious error correction, but only in trials with negative step-changes yielding shorter intervals. In contrast to this, neither tapping speed nor synchronization performance with respect to the isochronous pacing signal was significantly modulated by atDCS. The data suggest M1 as part of a network distinctively contributing to the correction of nonconscious negative step-changes going beyond sensorimotor synchronization.
Collapse
|