1
|
Design, synthesis, and molecular modeling of heterodimer and inhibitors of α-amylase as hypoglycemic agents. Mol Divers 2023; 27:209-222. [PMID: 35357619 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of rosiglitazone-based heterodimers were designed and synthesized, and their α-amylase and antioxidant activity was evaluated. The binding mode of the compounds at the active site of PPARγ and α-amylase enzyme was explored using MolDock docking method. In molecular docking studies against crystal structure of PPARγ (PDB code: 1FM6), compounds 10 and 13 showed interaction with amino acids Arg379, Asp379, Asn385, Ala387, Glu388, Val389, Glu390, and Lys438. Docking results of α-amylase enzyme (PDB code: 5EOF) with compounds 10 and 13 showed excellent interaction with amino acids Ala169, Lys172, Asp173, Tyr174, Val175, Arg176, and Lys178. Depending on the docking score, the designed compounds were selectively prioritized for synthesis. All synthesized compounds were subjected to in vitro α-amylase activity and antioxidant activity. Compounds 10 and 13 were to possess higher potency than acarbose, and most of the compounds showed antioxidant activity. Additionally, the most active compound 10 was evaluated for in vivo anti-diabetic activity.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sagandira CR, Khasipo AZ, Sagandira MB, Watts P. An overview of the synthetic routes to essential oral anti-diabetes drugs. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
3
|
Shakour N, Sahebkar A, Karimi G, Paseban M, Tasbandi A, Mosaffa F, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5-(imidazolyl-methyl) thiazolidinediones as antidiabetic agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105162. [PMID: 34314919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A newly designed series of imidazolyl-methyl- l-2,4-thiazolidinediones 9 (a-m) were synthesized and In Silico studies were carried out to rationalize their anti-diabetic activity. Generally, all newly synthesized thiazolidinediones had anti-hyperglycemic activity compared with a diabetic-control group, without toxicity in 3T3 cells (viability ≥ 90%). These studies revealed that the compounds 9e and 9b (11∗10-6mol/kg) lowered blood glucose more effectively when compared to pioglitazone at the same dose. Following the administration of compound 9e, no weight gains or any serious side effects on liver and pancreas were observed. Moreover, the glucose consumption assay results showed a significant glucose-lowering effect (p < 0.001) in HepG2 cells, which were exposed to 11 mM of glucose at concentrations of 1.25-10 mM of compound 9e. Also, the PPAR-γ gene expression study revealed that pioglitazone and 9e showed similar behavior relative to the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Paseban
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kress BJ, Kim DH, Mayo JR, Farris JT, Heck B, Sarver JG, Andy D, Trendel JA, Heck BE, Erhardt PW. Synthesis and Evaluation of PPARδ Agonists That Promote Osteogenesis in a Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture and in a Mouse Model of Human Osteoporosis. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6996-7032. [PMID: 33988379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a directed library of compounds to explore the structure-activity relationships of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) activation relative to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenesis. Our scaffold used para-substituted cinnamic acids as a polar headgroup, a heteroatom and heterocycle core connecting units, and substituted phenyl groups for the lipophilic tail. Compounds were screened for their ability to increase osteogenesis in MSCs, and the most promising were examined for subunit specificity using a quantitative PPAR transactivation assay. Six compounds were selected for in vivo studies in an ovariectomized mouse model of human postmenopausal osteoporosis. Four compounds improved bone density in vivo, with two (12d and 31a) having activity comparable to that of GW0742, a well-studied PPARδ-selective agonist. 31a (2-methyl-4-[N-methyl-N-[5-methylene-4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazole]]aminocinnamic acid) had the highest selectivity for PPARδ compared to other subtypes, its selectivity far exceeding that of GW0742. Our results confirm that PPARδ is a new drug target for possible treatment of osteoporosis via in situ manipulation of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Kress
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 16419, Republic of Korea.,Northwest Ohio Stem Cure LLC, Northwest Ohio Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Inc., Findlay, Ohio 45840, United States
| | - Jared R Mayo
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Jeffery T Farris
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Benjamin Heck
- Northwest Ohio Stem Cure LLC, Northwest Ohio Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Inc., Findlay, Ohio 45840, United States.,Bluffton University, Bluffton, Ohio 45817, United States
| | - Jeffrey G Sarver
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Divya Andy
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Jill A Trendel
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Bruce E Heck
- Northwest Ohio Stem Cure LLC, Northwest Ohio Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Inc., Findlay, Ohio 45840, United States
| | - Paul W Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bireddy SR, Konkala VS, Godugu C, Dubey PK. A Review on the Synthesis and Biological Studies of 2,4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x17666200221123633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
2,4-Thiazolidinediones are versatile scaffolds with a unique structural feature of hydrogen
bonding donor and the hydrogen bonding acceptor region. This review deals with the synthesis of
various bio-active 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives. It is presented on the basis of the linker variations
at 3rd & 5th positions of 2,4-thizolidinediones. Biological evaluations of various derivatives thus
prepared and toxicity studies on the respective products as given by various researchers/ Research
groups have been described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bireddy
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, India
| | - Veera Swamy Konkala
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, College of Engineering, Kukatpally, Hyderabad- 500 085, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Educational Research Balanagar, Hyderabad-500 037, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, College of Engineering, Kukatpally, Hyderabad- 500 085, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalhor M, Banibairami S. Design of a new multi-functional catalytic system Ni/SO 3H@zeolite-Y for three-component synthesis of N-benzo-imidazo- or -thiazole-1,3-thiazolidinones. RSC Adv 2020; 10:41410-41423. [PMID: 35516548 PMCID: PMC9057790 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08237f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, a nanoporous zeolite-NaY supported sulfonic acid was synthesized and Ni(ii) ions were successfully stabilized on SO3H@zeolite-Y (Ni/SO3H@zeolite-Y). This novel type of zeolitic nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques including FT-IR, FE-SEM, TGA, BET and EDX. Ni/SO3H@zeolite-Y was used as a multi-functional and highly active nanocatalyst for the three-component synthesis of 3-benzimidazolyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones and new 3-benzthiazoleyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones via cyclocondensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole or 2-aminobenzothiazole, aromatic aldehydes and thioglycolic acid in acetone-H2O at room temperature. This economical chemical procedure has advantages such as excellent yield in short reaction times, convenient manipulation and high purity of products, applicability to a broad range of substrates, and the use of a nontoxic and heterogeneous acid catalyst with good reusability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Kalhor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Payame Noor University Tehran 19395-4697 Iran +98 2537179170 +98 2537179170
| | - Soodabeh Banibairami
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Payame Noor University Tehran 19395-4697 Iran +98 2537179170 +98 2537179170
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Erpel F, Mateos R, Pérez-Jiménez J, Pérez-Correa JR. Phlorotannins: From isolation and structural characterization, to the evaluation of their antidiabetic and anticancer potential. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109589. [PMID: 33233195 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phlorotannins are phenolic characteristic compounds of brown seaweeds that are only constituted by phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene). They are chain- and net-like structures of diverse molecular weights and have been widely identified in Ecklonia, Eisenia, and Ishige species. Since the time they were discovered in the '70 s, phlorotannins have been suggested as a main factor responsible for the antimicrobial activities attributed to algae extracts. Currently, cumulative in vitro and in vivo research evidence the diverse bioactivities of phlorotannin extracts -such as antidiabetic, anticancer, and antibacterial- pointing out their potential pharmacological and food applications. However, metabolomic studies and clinical trials are scarce, and thus many phlorotannins health-beneficial effects in humans are not yet confirmed. This article reviews recent studies assessing the antidiabetic and anticancer activities of phlorotannins. Particularly, their potential to prevent and control the progression of these non-communicable diseases is discussed, considering in vitro and animal studies, as well as clinical interventions. In contrast to other approaches, we only included investigations with isolated phlorotannins or phlorotannin-rich extracts. Thus, phlorotannin extraction, purification and characterization procedures are briefly addressed. Overall, although considerable research showing the antidiabetic and anticancer potential of phlorotannins is now available, further clinical trials are still necessary to conclusively demonstrate the efficacy of these compounds as adjuvants for diabetes and cancer prevention or treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Erpel
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Raquel Mateos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle José Antonio Novais, 10, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle José Antonio Novais, 10, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - José Ricardo Pérez-Correa
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma VK, Barde A, Rattan S. A short review on synthetic strategies toward glitazone drugs. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1821223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Sharma
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
- Integral BioSciences Pvt. Ltd, Phase-II Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anup Barde
- Integral BioSciences Pvt. Ltd, Phase-II Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunita Rattan
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kalhor M, Zarnegar Z, Seyedzade Z, Banibairami S. SO3H-functionalized Zeolite-Y as an Efficient Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Nbenzimidazole- 2-aryl-4-thiazolidinones and tri-substituted Imidazoles. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:117-130. [PMID: 32003697 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200115170019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SO3H-functionalized zeolite-Y was prepared and used as a catalyst for the synthesis of 2-aryl-N-benzimidazole-4-thiazolidinones and tri-substituted imidazoles at ambient conditions. OBJECTIVE The goals of this catalytic method include excellent yields and high purity, inexpensive procedure and ease of product isolation, the use of nontoxic and heterogeneous acid catalyst, shorter reaction times and milder conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS NMR spectra were recorded on Brucker spectrophotometer using Me4Si as internal standard. Mass spectra were recorded on an Agilent Technology 5975C VL MSD with tripe-axis detector. FTIR spectra were obtained with KBr disc on a galaxy series FT-IR 5000 spectrometer. The surface morphology of nanostructures was analyzed by FE-SEM (EVO LS 10, Zeiss, Carl Zeiss, Germany). BET analysis were measured at 196 °C by a Japan Belsorb II system after the samples were vacuum dried at 150°C overnight. RESULTS The NSZ was characterized by FT-IR, FESEM, EDX, XRF, and BET. The catalytic activity of NSZ was investigated for synthesis of 1,3-tiazolidin-4-ones in H2O/Acetone at room temperature. Moreover, NSZ was used for synthesis of tri-substituted imidazoles at 60 °C via solvent-free condensation. Different kinds of aromatic aldehydes were converted to the corresponding of products with good to excellent yields. CONCLUSION Sulfonated zeolite-Y was as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of N-benzimidazole-2-aryl-1,3- thiazolidin-4-ones and 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazoles. High reaction rates, elimination toxic solvent, simple experimental procedure and reusability of the catalyst are the important features of this protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Kalhor
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Zarnegar
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Seyedzade
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huiying Z, Guangying C, Shiyang Z. Design, synthesis and biological activity evaluation of a new class of 2,4-thiazolidinedione compounds as insulin enhancers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:981-989. [PMID: 31072232 PMCID: PMC6522930 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1608197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global disease with a high incidence of type 2 diabetes. Current studies have shown that insulin enhancers play an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and have great importance in the improvement of type 2 diabetes. In this research, Rosiglitazone was taken as the lead compound, and the structure was modified by using the bioisostere principle, and a new class of 2,4-thiazolanedione compound was designed and synthesised. The novel series of compounds were studied for their biological activities in vitro and in vivo. In vitro tests, the biological activities showed that the target compounds have good selective activation of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), such as the compounds 6a, 6e, 6f, 6g and 6i, especially the compound 6e to PPARγ was EC50 = 0.03 ± 0.01 μmol/L in vitro. Then, in vivo biological activities’ test results showed that the tendency of increasing in blood sugar had an obvious inhibiting effect, and had a significant insulin hypoglycaemic effect of enhancing and extending the exogenous. In addition, the results of cytotoxicity tests and acute toxicity tests (LD50) showed that these compounds belong to the low toxicity compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zou Huiying
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China.,b Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China
| | - Chen Guangying
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China.,b Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China
| | - Zhou Shiyang
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China.,b Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou , China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chaturvedi RN, Pendem K, Patel VP, Sharma M, Malhotra S. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, and in vitro antidiabetic activity of novel PPARγ agonist. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
Hamann BL, Blind RD. Nuclear phosphoinositide regulation of chromatin. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:107-123. [PMID: 28256711 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid signaling has clear connections to a wide array of cellular processes, particularly in gene expression and in controlling the chromatin biology of cells. However, most of the work elucidating how phospholipid signaling pathways contribute to cellular physiology have studied cytoplasmic membranes, while relatively little attention has been paid to the role of phospholipid signaling in the nucleus. Recent work from several labs has shown that nuclear phospholipid signaling can have important roles that are specific to this cellular compartment. This review focuses on the nuclear phospholipid functions and the activities of phospholipid signaling enzymes that regulate metazoan chromatin and gene expression. In particular, we highlight the roles that nuclear phosphoinositides play in several nuclear-driven physiological processes, such as differentiation, proliferation, and gene expression. Taken together, the recent discovery of several specifically nuclear phospholipid functions could have dramatic impact on our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that enable tight control of cellular physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bree L Hamann
- Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Raymond D Blind
- Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Structure-activity relationships of rosiglitazone for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma transrepression. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2776-2780. [PMID: 28465099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPRAγ) ligands are thought to be largely due to PPARγ-mediated transrepression. Thus, transrepression-selective PPARγ ligands without agonistic activity or with only partial agonistic activity should exhibit anti-inflammatory properties with reduced side effects. Here, we investigated the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone, focusing on transrepression activity. Alkenic analogs showed slightly more potent transrepression with reduced efficacy of transactivating agonistic activity. Removal of the alkyl group on the nitrogen atom improved selectivity for transrepression over transactivation. Among the synthesized compounds, 3l exhibited stronger transrepressional activity (IC50: 14μM) and weaker agonistic efficacy (11%) than rosiglitazone or pioglitazone.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin HTV, Tsou YC, Chen YT, Lu WJ, Hwang PA. Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan and High Stability Fucoxanthin on Glucose Homeostasis, Lipid Metabolism, and Liver Function in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15040113. [PMID: 28387741 PMCID: PMC5408259 DOI: 10.3390/md15040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined effects of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMF) and fucoxanthin (Fx) in terms of antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective activities were investigated in a mouse model of type II diabetes. The intake of LMF, Fx, and LMF + Fx lowered the blood sugar and fasting blood sugar levels, and increased serum adiponectin levels. The significant decrease in urinary sugar was only observed in LMF + Fx supplementation. LMF and Fx had ameliorating effects on the hepatic tissue of db/db mice by increasing hepatic glycogen and antioxidative enzymes, and LMF was more effective than Fx at improving hepatic glucose metabolism. As for glucose and lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue, the expression of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, glucose transporter (GLUT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 mRNAs in the adipose tissue of diabetic mice was significantly upregulated by Fx and LMF + Fx, and levels of inflammatory adipocytokines, such as adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were significantly modulated only by LMF + Fx supplementation. The efficacy of LMF + Fx supplementation on the decrease in urinary sugar and on glucose and lipid metabolism in the white adipose tissue of db/db mice was better than that of Fx or LMF alone, indicating the occurrence of a synergistic effect of LMF and Fx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ting Victor Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chi Tsou
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Jung Lu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Pai-An Hwang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kumar D, Mariappan G, Husain A, Monga J, Kumar S. Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of novel imidazolone fused quinazolinone derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
16
|
Datar PA, Aher SB. Design and synthesis of novel thiazolidine-2,4-diones as hypoglycemic agents. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Deshmukh AR, Bhosle MR, Khillare LD, Dhumal ST, Mishra A, Srivastava AK, Mane RA. New tetrazoloquinolinyl methoxyphenyl-4-thiazolidinones: synthesis and antihyperglycemic evaluation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
18
|
Jiang Y, Liu Z, Holenz J, Yang H. Competitive Intelligence–based Lead Generation and Fast Follower Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527677047.ch08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Park MH, Nam YH, Han JS. Sargassum coreanum extract alleviates hyperglycemia and improves insulin resistance in db/db diabetic mice. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:472-9. [PMID: 26425276 PMCID: PMC4575959 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.5.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine the effect of Sargassum coreanum extract (SCE) on blood glucose concentration and insulin resistance in C57BL-KsJ-db/db mice. MATERIALS/METHODS For 6 weeks, male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were administrated SCE (0.5%, w/w), and rosiglitazone (0.005%, w/w). RESULTS A supplement of the SCE for 6 weeks induced a significant reduction in blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations, and it improved hyperinsulinemia compared to the diabetic control db/db mice. The glucokinase activity in the hepatic glucose metabolism increased in the SCE-supplemented db/db mice, while phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities in the SCE-supplemented db/db mice were significantly lower than those in the diabetic control db/db mice. The homeostatic index of insulin resistance was lower in the SCE-supplemented db/db mice than in the diabetic control db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a supplement of the SCE lowers the blood glucose concentration by altering the hepatic glucose metabolic enzyme activities and improves insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hwa Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University, Busan 617-736, Korea
| | - Young Hwa Nam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Research Institute of Ecology for the Elderly, Pusan National University, 63 Beon-gil 2, Busandaehag-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Synthetic optimization of rosiglitazone and related intermediates for industrial purposes. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
22
|
Kar K, Krithika U, Mithuna, Basu P, Santhosh Kumar S, Reji A, Prashantha Kumar B. Design, synthesis and glucose uptake activity of some novel glitazones. Bioorg Chem 2014; 56:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
23
|
Synthesis and antihyperglycemic evaluation of new 2-hydrazolyl-4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acids having pyrazolyl pharmacophores. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2651-4. [PMID: 24813740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the search of new antihyperglycemic agents and following rational approach of drug designing here new 2-hydrazolyl-4-thiazolidinone-5-carboxylic acids (4a-g) with pyrazolyl pharmacophore have been synthesized via thia Michael addition reaction of 1-((3-(4-substituted phenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazides (3a-g) with maleic anhydride. The required precursors, (3a-g) were obtained by condensing known 3-(4-substituted phenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes (1a-g) with thiosemicarbazide in ethanol. The newly synthesized compounds (4a-g) have been evaluated for the antihyperglycemic activity in sucrose loaded rat model and among these compounds 4d, 4f and 4g have displayed significant antihyperglycemic activity.
Collapse
|
24
|
Thakur PB, Meshram HM. “On water” catalyst-free, column chromatography-free and atom economical protocol for highly diastereoselective synthesis of novel class of 3-substituted, 3-hydroxy-2-oxindole scaffolds at room temperature. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46271d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
|
25
|
Baumann M, Baxendale IR. An overview of the synthetic routes to the best selling drugs containing 6-membered heterocycles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.265 pmid: 24204439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review which is the second in this series summarises the most common synthetic routes as applied to the preparation of many modern pharmaceutical compounds categorised as containing a six-membered heterocyclic ring. The reported examples are based on the top retailing drug molecules combining synthetic information from both scientific journals and the wider patent literature. It is hoped that this compilation, in combination with the previously published review on five-membered rings, will form a comprehensive foundation and reference source for individuals interested in medicinal, synthetic and preparative chemistry.
Collapse
|
26
|
Baumann M, Baxendale IR. An overview of the synthetic routes to the best selling drugs containing 6-membered heterocycles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2265-319. [PMID: 24204439 PMCID: PMC3817479 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review which is the second in this series summarises the most common synthetic routes as applied to the preparation of many modern pharmaceutical compounds categorised as containing a six-membered heterocyclic ring. The reported examples are based on the top retailing drug molecules combining synthetic information from both scientific journals and the wider patent literature. It is hoped that this compilation, in combination with the previously published review on five-membered rings, will form a comprehensive foundation and reference source for individuals interested in medicinal, synthetic and preparative chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dal H. 3-[(5-Chloro-2-hy-droxy-benzyl-idene)amino]-2-sulfanyl-idene-1,3-thia-zolidin-4-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o1128. [PMID: 24046681 PMCID: PMC3770396 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813016577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C10H7ClN2O2S2, the mean plane of the thioxo-thia-zolidine ring [maximum deviation = 0.032 (2) Å] is inclined to the benzene ring by 12.25 (4)°. There is a strong intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond present. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via pairs of C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Dal
- Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Novel 2-(2,4-dioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-yl)acetamides as antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 66:305-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
29
|
Raza S, Srivastava SP, Srivastava DS, Srivastava AK, Haq W, Katti SB. Thiazolidin-4-one and thiazinan-4-one derivatives analogous to rosiglitazone as potential antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:611-20. [PMID: 23567949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A number of thiazolidin-4-one and thiazinan-4-one derivatives were prepared by three component condensation in one pot reaction method. These compounds were evaluated for anti-hyperglycemic activity by in vitro and in vivo assay systems. The compounds with thiazolidin-4-one and thiazinan-4-one moieties exhibited significant anti-hyperglycemic activity. A few compounds (3a, 3b, 4a and 4b) have exhibited both anti-hyperglycemic and anti-dyslipidemic activities. Among them the thiazinan-4-one derivative 4a showed maximal (45%) improvement in oral glucose tolerance test in db/db mice at 30 mg/kg oral dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Raza
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee SH, Min KH, Han JS, Lee DH, Park DB, Jung WK, Park PJ, Jeon BT, Kim SK, Jeon YJ. Effects of brown alga, Ecklonia cava on glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice, a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:575-82. [PMID: 22227338 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growing interest in alternative therapies of marine algae for diabetes. Therefore, the anti-diabetic effects of brown alga, Ecklonia cava was investigated in type 2 diabetic animal. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice were divided into control, dieckol rich extract of E. cava (AG-dieckol), or rosiglitazone (RG) groups. The blood glucose, blood glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and plasma insulin levels were significantly lower in the AG-dieckol and RG groups than in the control db/db mice group, while glucose tolerance was significantly improved in the AG-dieckol group. AG-dieckol markedly lowered plasma and hepatic lipids concentration compared to the control db/db mice group. The antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher in the AG-dieckol group than in the control db/db mice group, yet its TBARS level was markedly lower compared to the RG group. With regard to hepatic glucose regulating enzyme activities, glucokinase activity was enhanced in the AG-dieckol group mice, while glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities in the AG-dieckol group mice were significantly lowered than those in the control db/db mice group. These results suggest that AG-dieckol exert an anti-diabetic effect in type 2 diabetic mice by improving the glucose and lipid metabolism and antioxidant enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hong Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Synthesis and antihyperglycemic evaluation of new 2,4-thiazolidinediones having biodynamic aryl sulfonylurea moieties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:436-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
32
|
An alternative synthetic route for an antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:924-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Jawale DV, Pratap UR, Mane RA. Synthetic Route for New (Z)-5-[4-(2-Chloroquinolin-3-yl) Methoxy]benzylidinethiazolidine-2,4-diones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.7.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
35
|
Min KH, Kim HJ, Jeon YJ, Han JS. Ishige okamurae ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 93:70-6. [PMID: 21481483 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of Ishige okamurae extract on blood glucose level and insulin resistance in C57BL/-KsJ-db/db mice. We administered a standard AIN-93G diet with or without IOE to the animals for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, blood glucose level was improved and blood glycosylated hemoglobin levels were lowered in sample group mice as compared to those in the diabetic control group mice. Hyperinsulinemia was reduced in the I. okamurae extract group mice with type 2 diabetes. With regard to hepatic glucose metabolic enzyme activities, glucokinase activity was enhanced in the IOE group mice, while glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities in the IOE group mice were significantly lowered than those in the diabetic control group mice. In addition, the hepatic glycogen content was elevated in the IOE group as compared to that in the diabetic control group. The homeostatic index of insulin resistance was lower in the I. okamurae extract group mice than in the diabetic control group mice. These results suggest that a dietary supplement of I. okamurae extract lowers the blood glucose level by altering the hepatic glucose metabolic enzyme activities and improves insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Hee Min
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Jawale DV, Pratap UR, Lingampalle DL, Mane RA. Dicationic Ionic Liquid Mediated Synthesis of 5-Arylidine-2,4-thiazolidinediones. CHINESE J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201190192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
38
|
Mali JR, Bhosle MR, Mahalle SR, Mane RA. One-Pot Multicomponent Synthetic Route for New Quinolidinyl 2,4-Thiazolidinediones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.7.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Gaonkar SL, Shimizu H. Microwave-assisted synthesis of the antihyperglycemic drug rosiglitazone. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Al-Sehemi AG, EL-Gogary TM. Geometry and thermodynamic stabilities of rhodanine tautomers and rotamers: Quantum chemical study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2009.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
41
|
Pal M. HDL Therapeutics for the treatment of atherosclerosis: a brief overview of the synthetic approaches. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
42
|
Kim DJ, Jeong YJ, Kwon JH, Moon KD, Kim HJ, Jeon SM, Lee MK, Park YB, Choi MS. Beneficial effect of chungkukjang on regulating blood glucose and pancreatic beta-cell functions in C75BL/KsJ-db/db mice. J Med Food 2008; 11:215-23. [PMID: 18598161 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the antidiabetic effect of chungkukjang, a widely used traditional Korean soybean fermentation food, in a type 2 diabetic animal model, C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. After a 2-week acclimation period, the db/db mice (male, 5 weeks old) were divided into three groups: diabetic control (AIN-76 diet), chungkukjang (5 g/100 g of diet), and rosiglitazone (0.005 g/100 g of diet). The supplementation of chungkukjang induced a significant reduction of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level, and it improved insulin tolerance compared to the diabetic control group. Plasma and pancreatic insulin levels of the chungkukjang-supplemented group were significantly higher than those of the diabetic control mice, and the plasma glucagon level was also significantly different. The supplementation of chungkukjang and rosiglitazone significantly elevated hepatic glucokinase activity with a simultaneous reduction of glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity in the db/db mice compared to the diabetic control mice. In addition, the chungkukjang-supplemented group had an increased hepatic glycogen content compared to the diabetic control and rosiglitazone-supplemented groups. Consequently, these results suggest that chungkukjang may be beneficial in improving insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic animals that are partly medicated by the regulation of hepatic glucose enzymes and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ju Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chaturvedi D, Ray S, Srivastava AK, Chander R. Omega-(2-Naphthyloxy) amino alkanes as a novel class of anti-hyperglycemic and lipid lowering agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 16:2489-98. [PMID: 18083521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2007] [Revised: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
omega-(2-Naphthyloxy) amino alkanes, obtained as major by-product during course of synthesis of carbamate esters from omega-(2-naphthyloxy) alkyl halides and amines, showed significant anti-hyperglycemic and lipid lowering activities in various test models as a novel class of compounds. Compounds were tested in rat GLM, SLM, STZ, and STZ-S models at 100mg/kg dose. Of these compound 13 was found to be the most active which caused lowering of sugar by 33.6%, 31.0%, 28.5%, and 73.8% in GLM, SLM, STZ, STZ-S, and db/db mice models, respectively. It also significantly effected lowering of LDL in rat model and also in Hamster model without reducing HDL. Most of the compounds showing anti-diabetic and lipid lowering activity have shown promising PPAR-alpha/gamma/delta-activity. Compounds 6, 13, and 19 have shown very good PPAR-alpha/gamma/delta activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devdutt Chaturvedi
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chaudhry J, Ghosh NN, Roy K, Chandra R. Antihyperglycemic effect of a new thiazolidinedione analogue and its role in ameliorating oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 2007; 80:1135-42. [PMID: 17234217 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Revised: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are a new class of antidiabetic drugs, having an insulin sensitizing effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. The contribution of oxidative stress from the standpoint of lipid and protein damage, alteration in endogenous antioxidant enzymes and effects of newly synthesized compounds, 5-[4-2-(6,7-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-oxo-4-quinoxalinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methylene]thiazolid- ine-2,4-dione, (C(1)) in normal/alloxan-induced diabetic rats form the focus area of this study. Its effect was compared to two well-known TZDs, namely pioglitazone and rosiglitazone. It has been concluded from results that after thirty days of administration of C(1), Pg and Rg in alloxan-induced diabetic animal groups, the blood glucose level decreased, more remarkably in C(1) treated group. Also oxidative damage has been studied by estimating hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which was found to be increased (p<0.001 vs. control). An inverse change in SOD values between hepatic and pancreatic/kidney tissues were observed. Treatment with the test compounds lowered the activity of SOD in liver while increased its activity in kidney and pancreas. Similar normalizing effect of C(1) on liver, pancreatic and renal catalase (CAT)/ glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were pronounced in diabetic rats (p<0.001 vs. diabetic rats). Decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) content, found in diabetic animals, was significantly elevated to normal levels by C(1) treatment. The treatment with C(1) also decreased the levels of nitric oxide and increased the activities of glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione reductase, as compared to diabetic animals. Evidence of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins was shown through the quantification of protein carbonyl (in tissues) and malondialdehyde levels (both serum and tissues). It was observed that the protein/lipid damage in diabetic rats was improved by treatment with C(1). Total antioxidant activity (TAA) was found to be enhanced in C(1) treated rats (p>0.05 vs. group3, p<0.001 vs. group2, p<0.001 vs. group 4). These results suggest that the newly synthesized TZD derivative (C(1)) has a potential to act as antihyperglycemic and antioxidant agent. In addition, for all parameters checked, it has better efficacy than rosiglitazone and is as effective as pioglitazone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Chaudhry
- Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rajalakshmi K, Deepthi S, Pattabhi V, Nagarajan K. Crystal and Molecular Structure of Synthetic Antidiabetic Compound: Derivatives of Tetrahydro Indoles-(1-N-Butyl-2,6,6′-Trimethyl-4-Oxo-4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3 Indole Acetic Acid) and Modeling Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587250108028260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Rajalakshmi
- a Department of Crystallography and BioPhysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Madras , 600025 , India
| | - S. Deepthi
- a Department of Crystallography and BioPhysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Madras , 600025 , India
| | - Vasantha Pattabhi
- a Department of Crystallography and BioPhysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Madras , 600025 , India
- c Department of Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , 600 025 , India Phone: Fax: E-mail:
| | - K. Nagarajan
- b Recon Limited, R&D Centre , 32/1, Kalena Agrahara, Bannarghattta Road, Bangalore , 560076 , India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kumar BRP, Nanjan MJ, Suresh B, Karvekar MD, Adhikary L. Microwave induced synthesis of the thiazolidine-2,4-dione motif and the efficient solvent free-solid phase parallel syntheses of 5-benzylidene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 5-benzylidene-2-thioxo-thiazolidine-4-one compounds. J Heterocycl Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570430413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
47
|
Caijo F, Mosset P, Grée R, Audinot-Bouchez V, Boutin J, Renard P, Caignard DH, Dacquet C. Synthesis of Aromatic Analogs of 8(S)-HETE and Their Biological Evaluation as Activators of the PPAR Nuclear Receptors. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
48
|
Hashimoto Y, Miyachi H. Nuclear receptor antagonists designed based on the helix-folding inhibition hypothesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5080-93. [PMID: 16051104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Revised: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we review our studies on the molecular design of nuclear receptor antagonists, including retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonists, retinoid X receptor (RXR) antagonists, androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) antagonists, based on inhibition of folding of helix 12, which contains a co-activator binding site. Recent progress in structural development studies of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligands is also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Hashimoto
- Institute of Molecular & Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Miyachi H. Synthetic ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, review of the patent literature 2000 – 2003. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.14.5.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
50
|
|