1
|
Colin A, Kotila T, Guérin C, Orhant-Prioux M, Vianay B, Mogilner A, Lappalainen P, Théry M, Blanchoin L. Recycling of the actin monomer pool limits the lifetime of network turnover. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112717. [PMID: 36912152 PMCID: PMC10152149 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular organization is largely mediated by actin turnover. Cellular actin networks continuously assemble and disassemble, while maintaining their overall appearance. This behavior, called "dynamic steady state," allows cells to sense and adapt to their environment. However, how structural stability can be maintained during the constant turnover of a limited actin monomer pool is poorly understood. To answer this question, we developed an experimental system where polystyrene beads are propelled by an actin comet in a microwell containing a limited amount of components. We used the speed and the size of the actin comet tails to evaluate the system's monomer consumption and its lifetime. We established the relative contribution of actin assembly, disassembly, and recycling for a bead movement over tens of hours. Recycling mediated by cyclase-associated protein (CAP) is the key step in allowing the reuse of monomers for multiple assembly cycles. ATP supply and protein aging are also factors that limit the lifetime of actin turnover. This work reveals the balancing mechanism for long-term network assembly with a limited amount of building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Colin
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Tommi Kotila
- Institute of Biotechnology and Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christophe Guérin
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Magali Orhant-Prioux
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Vianay
- CytoMorpho Lab, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, U976 Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (HIPI), University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, Paris, France
| | - Alex Mogilner
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuel Théry
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France.,CytoMorpho Lab, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, U976 Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (HIPI), University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France.,CytoMorpho Lab, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, U976 Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (HIPI), University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun Y, Zhang Y, Yu H, Wang H, Shao Z, Liu C. Cofilin-1 participates in the hyperfunction of myeloid dendritic cells in patients with severe aplastic anaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3460-3470. [PMID: 35579089 PMCID: PMC9189344 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin‐1 interacts with actin to regulate cell movement. The importance of cofilin‐1 in immunity has been established, and its involvement in a number of autoimmune diseases has been confirmed. However, its role in severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) remains elusive. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of cofilin‐1 in patients with SAA. Flow cytometry, Western blotting and real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of cofilin‐1 in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) from patients with SAA. The expression of cofilin‐1 was then suppressed via siRNA, and its effects on mDCs and downstream effector T‐cell function were evaluated. Cofilin‐1 expression was higher in mDCs from patients with SAA and correlated with routine blood and immune indexes. Moreover, cofilin‐1 knockdown in mDCs from patients with SAA reduced their phagocytic capacity, migration capacity, and CD86 expression through F‐actin remodelling, downregulating the stimulatory capacity of mDCs on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Collectively, these findings indicate that cofilin‐1 participates in the hyperfunction of mDCs in patients with SAA and that the downregulation of cofilin‐1 in mDCs from patients with SAA could be a novel treatment approach for SAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Sun
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaquan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zonghong Shao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahmood SR, El Said NH, Percipalle P. The Role of Nuclear Actin in Genome Organization and Gene Expression Regulation During Differentiation. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:607-624. [PMID: 36348124 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the cell nucleus, actin participates in numerous essential processes. Actin is involved in chromatin as part of specific ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes and associates with the RNA polymerase machinery to regulate transcription at multiple levels. Emerging evidence has also shown that the nuclear actin pool controls the architecture of the mammalian genome playing an important role in its hierarchical organization into transcriptionally active and repressed compartments, contributing to the clustering of RNA polymerase II into transcriptional hubs. Here, we review the most recent literature and discuss how actin involvement in genome organization impacts the regulation of gene programs that are activated or repressed during differentiation and development. As in the cytoplasm, we propose that nuclear actin is involved in key nuclear tasks in complex with different types of actin-binding proteins that regulate actin function and bridge interactions between actin and various nuclear components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Raza Mahmood
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadine Hosny El Said
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Piergiorgio Percipalle
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
LIM Kinases in Osteosarcoma Development. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123542. [PMID: 34944050 PMCID: PMC8699892 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a long-term and multistage process that often leads to the formation of metastases. During this pathological course, two major events appear to be crucial: primary tumour growth and metastatic expansion. In this context, despite research and clinical advances during the past decades, bone cancers remain a leading cause of death worldwide among paediatric cancer patients. Osteosarcomas are the most common malignant bone tumours in children and adolescents. Notwithstanding advances in therapeutic treatments, many patients succumb to these diseases. In particular, less than 30% of patients who demonstrate metastases at diagnosis or are poor responders to chemotherapy survive 5 years after initial diagnosis. LIM kinases (LIMKs), comprising LIMK1 and LIMK2, are common downstream effectors of several signalization pathways, and function as a signalling node that controls cytoskeleton dynamics through the phosphorylation of the cofilin family proteins. In recent decades, several reports have indicated that the functions of LIMKs are mainly implicated in the regulation of actin microfilament and the control of microtubule dynamics. Previous studies have thus identified LIMKs as cancer-promoting regulators in multiple organ cancers, such as breast cancer or prostate cancer. This review updates the current understanding of LIMK involvement in osteosarcoma progression.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lavogina D, Stepanjuk A, Peters M, Samuel K, Kasvandik S, Khatun M, Arffman RK, Enkvist E, Viht K, Kopanchuk S, Lättekivi F, Velthut-Meikas A, Uri A, Piltonen TT, Rinken A, Salumets A. Progesterone triggers Rho kinase-cofilin axis during in vitro and in vivo endometrial decidualization. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2230-2248. [PMID: 34270712 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can a combination of the focussed protein kinase assays and a wide-scale proteomic screen pinpoint novel, clinically relevant players in decidualization in vitro and in vivo? SUMMARY ANSWER Rho-dependent protein kinase (ROCK) activity is elevated in response to the combined treatment with progesterone and 8-Br-cAMP during in vitro decidualization, mirrored by increase of ROCK2 mRNA and protein levels and the phosphorylation levels of its downstream target Cofilin-1 (CFL1) in secretory versus proliferative endometrium. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Decidualization is associated with extensive changes in gene expression profile, proliferation, metabolism and morphology of endometrium, yet only a few underlying molecular pathways have been systematically explored. In vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) can be reportedly induced using multiple protocols with variable physiological relevance. In our previous studies, cyclic AMP (cAMP)/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)/prolactin axis that is classically upregulated during decidualization showed dampened activation in ESCs isolated from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients as compared to controls. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In vitro decidualization studies were carried out in passage 2 ESCs isolated from controls (N = 15) and PCOS patients (N = 9). In parallel, lysates of non-cultured ESCs isolated from proliferative (N = 4) or secretory (N = 4) endometrial tissue were explored. The observed trends were confirmed using cryo-cut samples of proliferative (N = 3) or secretory endometrium (N = 3), and in proliferative or secretory full tissue samples from controls (N = 8 and N = 9, respectively) or PCOS patients (N = 10 for both phases). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The activities of four target kinases were explored using kinase-responsive probes and selective inhibitors in lysates of in vitro decidualized ESCs and non-cultured ESCs isolated from tissue at different phases of the menstrual cycle. In the latter lysates, wide-scale proteomic and phosphoproteomic studies were further carried out. ROCK2 mRNA expression was explored in full tissue samples from controls or PCOS patients. The immunofluorescent staining of phosphorylated CFL1 was performed in full endometrial tissue samples, and in the in vitro decidualized fixed ESCs from controls or PCOS patients. Finally, the cellular migration properties were explored in live in vitro decidualized ESCs. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE During in vitro decidualization, the activities of PKA, protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), and ROCK are increased while the activity of casein kinase 2 (CK2) is decreased; these initial trends are observable after 4-day treatment (P < 0.05) and are further augmented following the 9-day treatment (P < 0.001) with mixtures containing progesterone and 8-Br-cAMP or forskolin. The presence of progesterone is necessary for activation of ROCK, yet it is dispensable in the case of PKA and Akt/PKB; in comparison to controls, PCOS patient-derived ESCs feature dampened response to progesterone. In non-cultured ESCs isolated from secretory vs proliferative phase tissue, only activity of ROCK is increased (P < 0.01). ROCK2 protein levels are slightly elevated in secretory versus proliferative ESCs (relative mean standard deviation < 50%), and ROCK2 mRNA is elevated in mid-secretory versus proliferative full tissue samples (P < 0.05) obtained from controls but not PCOS patients. Activation of ROCK2 downstream signalling results in increase of phospho-S3 CFL1 in secretory endometrium (P < 0.001) as well as in vitro decidualized ESCs (P < 0.01) from controls but not PCOS patients. ROCK2-triggered alterations in the cytoskeleton are reflected by the significantly decreased motility of in vitro decidualized ESCs (P < 0.05). LARGE SCALE DATA Proteomic and phosphoproteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD026243. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The number of biological samples was limited. The duration of protocol for isolation of non-cultured ESCs from tissue can potentially affect phosphorylation pathways in cells, yet the possible artefacts were minimized by the identical treatment of proliferative and secretory samples. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The study demonstrated the benefits of combining the focussed kinase activity assay with wide-scale phosphoproteomics and showed the need for detailed elaboration of the in vitro decidualization protocols. ROCK was identified as the novel target of interest in decidualization, which requires closer attention in further studies-including the context of decidualization-related subfertility and infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research, and the Estonian Research Council (PRG1076, PRG454, PSG230 and PSG608), Enterprise Estonia (EU48695), Horizon 2020 innovation grant (ERIN, Grant no. EU952516) of the European Commission, the COMBIVET ERA Chair, H2020-WIDESPREAD-2018-04 (Grant agreement no. 857418), the Academy of Finland (Project grants 315921 and 321763), the Finnish Medical Foundation and The Sigrid Juselius Foundation. The authors confirm that they have no conflict of interest with respect to the content of this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darja Lavogina
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Artjom Stepanjuk
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Peters
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Samuel
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sergo Kasvandik
- Proteomics Core Facility, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Masuma Khatun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Erki Enkvist
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaido Viht
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sergei Kopanchuk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Freddy Lättekivi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.,COMBIVET ERA Chair, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia
| | - Agne Velthut-Meikas
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Asko Uri
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ago Rinken
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Agnew A, Nulty C, Creagh EM. Regulation, Activation and Function of Caspase-11 during Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041506. [PMID: 33546173 PMCID: PMC7913190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase-11 is a pro-inflammatory enzyme that is stringently regulated during its expression and activation. As caspase-11 is not constitutively expressed in cells, it requires a priming step for its upregulation, which occurs following the stimulation of pathogen and cytokine receptors. Once expressed, caspase-11 activation is triggered by its interaction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. Being an initiator caspase, activated caspase-11 functions primarily through its cleavage of key substrates. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is the primary substrate of caspase-11, and the GSDMD cleavage fragment generated is responsible for the inflammatory form of cell death, pyroptosis, via its formation of pores in the plasma membrane. Thus, caspase-11 functions as an intracellular sensor for LPS and an immune effector. This review provides an overview of caspase-11—describing its structure and the transcriptional mechanisms that govern its expression, in addition to its activation, which is reported to be regulated by factors such as guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, and oxidized phospholipids. We also discuss the functional outcomes of caspase-11 activation, which include the non-canonical inflammasome, modulation of actin dynamics, and the initiation of blood coagulation, highlighting the importance of inflammatory caspase-11 during infection and disease.
Collapse
|
7
|
Boiero Sanders M, Antkowiak A, Michelot A. Diversity from similarity: cellular strategies for assigning particular identities to actin filaments and networks. Open Biol 2020; 10:200157. [PMID: 32873155 PMCID: PMC7536088 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton has the particularity of being assembled into many functionally distinct filamentous networks from a common reservoir of monomeric actin. Each of these networks has its own geometrical, dynamical and mechanical properties, because they are capable of recruiting specific families of actin-binding proteins (ABPs), while excluding the others. This review discusses our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms that cells have developed over the course of evolution to segregate ABPs to appropriate actin networks. Segregation of ABPs requires the ability to distinguish actin networks as different substrates for ABPs, which is regulated in three different ways: (1) by the geometrical organization of actin filaments within networks, which promotes or inhibits the accumulation of ABPs; (2) by the identity of the networks' filaments, which results from the decoration of actin filaments with additional proteins such as tropomyosin, from the use of different actin isoforms or from covalent modifications of actin; (3) by the existence of collaborative or competitive binding to actin filaments between two or multiple ABPs. This review highlights that all these effects need to be taken into account to understand the proper localization of ABPs in cells, and discusses what remains to be understood in this field of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Boiero Sanders
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Adrien Antkowiak
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Alphée Michelot
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McKay TB, Hutcheon AEK, Guo X, Zieske JD, Karamichos D. Modeling the cornea in 3-dimensions: Current and future perspectives. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108127. [PMID: 32619578 PMCID: PMC8116933 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cornea is an avascular, transparent ocular tissue that serves as a refractive and protective structure for the eye. Over 90% of the cornea is composed of a collagenous-rich extracellular matrix within the stroma with the other 10% composed by the corneal epithelium and endothelium layers and their corresponding supporting collagen layers (e.g., Bowman's and Descemet's membranes) at the anterior and posterior cornea, respectively. Due to its prominent role in corneal structure, tissue engineering approaches to model the human cornea in vitro have focused heavily on the cellular and functional properties of the corneal stroma. In this review, we discuss model development in the context of culture dimensionality (e.g., 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional) and expand on the optical, biomechanical, and cellular functions promoted by the culture microenvironment. We describe current methods to model the human cornea with focus on organotypic approaches, compressed collagen, bioprinting, and self-assembled stromal models. We also expand on co-culture applications with the inclusion of relevant corneal cell types, such as epithelial, stromal keratocyte or fibroblast, endothelial, and neuronal cells. Further advancements in corneal tissue model development will markedly improve our current understanding of corneal wound healing and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina B McKay
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Audrey E K Hutcheon
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - James D Zieske
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Guan X, Wang H, Wang Y, Yue D, Chen R. Long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 regulates renal cancer cell migration via cofilin-1. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:53. [PMID: 32788940 PMCID: PMC7416383 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is upregulated in numerous types of cancer, and is implicated in various cellular processes associated with cancer progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which MALAT1 regulates metastasis remain unclear. The present study investigated the expression of MALAT1 across a range of different cancer types by analyzing RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The results indicate that the expression of MALAT1 is highly tissue-dependent and that MALAT1 is significantly overexpressed in renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). The biological role of MALAT1 in regulating KIRC cell migration was further investigated using molecular and cellular assays. The results demonstrate that MALAT1 regulates the expression of cofilin-1 (CFL1), potentially by regulating RNA splicing. MALAT1 knockdown decreased the expression of CFL1 at both the mRNA and protein levels, and affected cytoskeletal rearrangement by regulating the levels of F-actin via CFL1, leading to significantly decreased cellular migration. Clinical analysis confirmed a significant correlation between MALAT1 and CFL1 expression, implicating both genes as biomarkers for poor prognosis in KIRC. The present study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which MALAT1 regulates cell migration, which may be exploited to develop novel therapeutic strategies for managing renal cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Guan
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yue
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Ruibing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pan L, Lin Z, Tang X, Tian J, Zheng Q, Jing J, Xie L, Chen H, Lu Q, Wang H, Li Q, Han Y, Ji Y. S-Nitrosylation of Plastin-3 Exacerbates Thoracic Aortic Dissection Formation via Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 40:175-188. [PMID: 31694393 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a fatal disease that leads to aortic rupture and sudden death. However, little is known about the effect and molecular mechanism of S-nitrosylation (SNO) modifications in TAD formation. Approach and Results: SNO levels were higher in aortic tissues from TAD patients than in those from healthy controls, and PLS3 (plastin-3) SNO was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Furthermore, tail vein administration of endothelial-specific adeno-associated viruses of mutant PLS3-C566A (denitrosylated form) suppressed the development of TAD in mice, but the wild-type PLS3 (S-nitrosylated form) virus did not. Mechanistically, Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced PLS3 SNO enhanced the association of PLS3 with both plectin and cofilin via an iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase)-dependent pathway in endothelial cells. The formation of PLS3/plectin/cofilin complex promoted cell migration and tube formation but weakened adherens junction formation in Ang II-treated endothelial cells. Interestingly, denitrosylated form of PLS3 partially mitigated Ang II-induced PLS3/plectin/cofilin complex formation and cell junction disruption. Additionally, the inhibition of iNOS attenuated PLS3 SNO and the association of PLS3 with plectin and cofilin, thereby modulating endothelial barrier function. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that protein SNO modification in endothelial cells modulates the progression of aortic aneurysm and dissection. The iNOS-mediated SNO of PLS3 at the Cys566 site promoted its interaction with cofilin and plectin, thus contributing to endothelial barrier disruption and pathological angiogenesis in TAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Pan
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Zhe Lin
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Xin Tang
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Qiao Zheng
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (J.J., Q.L.)
| | - Liping Xie
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Hongshan Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| | - Qiulun Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (J.J., Q.L.)
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (H.W.)
| | - Qingguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, China (Q.L.)
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (Y.H.)
| | - Yong Ji
- From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.P., Z.L., X.T., J.T., Q.Z., L.X., H.C., Y.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tedeschi A, Dupraz S, Curcio M, Laskowski CJ, Schaffran B, Flynn KC, Santos TE, Stern S, Hilton BJ, Larson MJE, Gurniak CB, Witke W, Bradke F. ADF/Cofilin-Mediated Actin Turnover Promotes Axon Regeneration in the Adult CNS. Neuron 2019; 103:1073-1085.e6. [PMID: 31400829 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Injured axons fail to regenerate in the adult CNS, which contrasts with their vigorous growth during embryonic development. We explored the potential of re-initiating axon extension after injury by reactivating the molecular mechanisms that drive morphogenetic transformation of neurons during development. Genetic loss- and gain-of-function experiments followed by time-lapse microscopy, in vivo imaging, and whole-mount analysis show that axon regeneration is fueled by elevated actin turnover. Actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin controls actin turnover to sustain axon regeneration after spinal cord injury through its actin-severing activity. This pinpoints ADF/cofilin as a key regulator of axon growth competence, irrespective of developmental stage. These findings reveal the central role of actin dynamics regulation in this process and elucidate a core mechanism underlying axon growth after CNS trauma. Thereby, neurons maintain the capacity to stimulate developmental programs during adult life, expanding their potential for plasticity. Thus, actin turnover is a key process for future regenerative interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tedeschi
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dupraz
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michele Curcio
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia J Laskowski
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Schaffran
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kevin C Flynn
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Telma E Santos
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sina Stern
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Brett J Hilton
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Molly J E Larson
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christine B Gurniak
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Walter Witke
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Bradke
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ubiquitination and Long Non-coding RNAs Regulate Actin Cytoskeleton Regulators in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122997. [PMID: 31248165 PMCID: PMC6627692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin filaments are a major component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells and play an important role in cancer metastasis. Dynamics and reorganization of actin filaments are regulated by numerous regulators, including Rho GTPases, PAKs (p21-activated kinases), ROCKs (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases), LIMKs (LIM domain kinases), and SSH1 (slingshot family protein phosphate 1). Ubiquitination, as a ubiquitous post-transcriptional modification, deceases protein levels of actin cytoskeleton regulatory factors and thereby modulates the actin cytoskeleton. There is increasing evidence showing cytoskeleton regulation by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer metastasis. However, which E3 ligases are activated for the ubiquitination of actin-cytoskeleton regulators involved in tumor metastasis remains to be fully elucidated. Moreover, it is not clear how lncRNAs influence the expression of actin cytoskeleton regulators. Here, we summarize physiological and pathological mechanisms of lncRNAs and ubiquitination control mediators of actin cytoskeleton regulators which that are involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Finally, we briefly discuss crosstalk between ubiquitination and lncRNA control mediators of actin-cytoskeleton regulators in cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu S, Liu Y, Jiang L, Li Z, Lee S, Liu C, Wang J, Zhang J. Recombinant human BMP-2 accelerates the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the CDC42/PAK1/LIMK1 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:362-372. [PMID: 30484785 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00846a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials are widely used for bone regeneration and fracture repair. The migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into bone defect sites or material implantation sites, and their differentiation into osteoblasts, is central to the fracture healing process, and the directional migration of BMSCs depends on cytokines or chemokines at the defect site. BMP-2 can stimulate the migration of a variety of cells, but it remains unclear whether BMSC migration can be induced. To provide evidence for BMP-2-induced BMSC migration, we tested the cytoskeletal changes and migration ability of BMSCs after treatment with recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2). We also explored the recruitment of BMSCs from the circulatory system using a collagen sponge incorporating rhBMP-2 that was implanted in vivo. Furthermore, to understand the mechanism underlying this migration, we investigated the effect of rhBMP-2 on migration-related signal pathways. Here, we found that, rhBMP-2 treatment significantly increased the migration of BMSCs in vitro via activation of the CDC42/PAK1/LIMK1 pathway, and that this migration could be blocked by silencing CDC42. In vivo, collagen sponge material loaded with rhBMP-2 could recruit BMSCs injected into the circulatory system. Moreover, inhibition using the small interfering RNA for CDC42 led to a significant decrease in the number of BMSCs within the material. In conclusion, our data prove that rhBMP-2 can accelerate BMSC migration via the CDC42/PAK1/LIMK1 pathway both in vivo and in vitro, and therefore provides a foundation for further understanding and application of rhBMP-2-incorporated materials by enhancing BMSC recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030 People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oo HZ, Seiler R, Black PC, Daugaard M. Post-translational modifications in bladder cancer: Expanding the tumor target repertoire. Urol Oncol 2018; 38:858-866. [PMID: 30342880 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, genomic and transcriptomic analyses have uncovered promising tumor antigens including immunotherapeutic targets in bladder cancer (BCa). Conventional tumor antigens are proteins expressed on the plasma membrane of tumor cells such as EGFR, FGFR3, and ERBB2 in BCa, which can be targeted by antibodies or similar epitope-specific binding reagents. The cellular proteome consists of ∼100,000 proteins but the expression of these proteins is rarely unique to tumor cells. Many tumor-associated proteins are post-translationally modified with phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, or SUMOylation moieties. Although these modifications expand the complexity, they potentially offer novel targeting opportunities across tumor sub-populations. Experimental targeting of cancer-specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) has shown encouraging results in pre-clinical models of BCa, which could potentially overcome issues with inherent intra-tumor heterogeneity due to simultaneous expression on different proteins. Here, we review current knowledge on post-translational modifications in BCa and highlight recent efforts in experimental targeting strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Roland Seiler
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Urology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu X, Li L, Gao B, Zhang D, Ren Y, Zheng B, Li M, Shi D, Huang B. Early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos and reduced expression of primed pluripotent marker genes under the effect of lysophosphatidic acid. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:1191-1199. [PMID: 29974990 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To further promote the early development of porcine embryos and capture "naïve" pluripotent state within blastocyst, the experiment explored the effects of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on the early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos and the expression of pluripotency relevant genes. The results showed that the addition of 50 μM LPA significantly improved parthenogenetic embryo cleavage rate (82.7% vs. 74.7%, p < 0.05), blastocyst rate (24.5% vs. 11.3%, p < 0.05) and blastocyst cell count (56 ± 7.9 vs. 42 ± 1.0, p < 0.05) than that of the control group. In addition, immunostaining experiment determined that the fluorescence intensity of OCT4 was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test revealed that addition of 50 μM LPA could significantly enhance the expression level of pluripotent gene OCT4 and trophoblast marker genes CDX2, however, decrease the expression of primitive hypoblast marker gene GATA4. The results also indicated that LPA might decrease the expression of GATA4 through the ROCK signalling pathway. For further investigating the effect of the addition of LPA on the expression of "primed" and "naïve" genes, we also detected the expression of those pluripotency-related genes by qRT-PCR. The results showed addition of LPA had no significant effect on the expression of "naïve" pluripotent genes, but it was able to significantly decrease the expression of "primed" pluripotent genes, NODAL and Activin-A; furthermore, it also could significantly improve the expression of OCT4 and c-Myc which act as two important ES cell renewal factors. Above all, the addition of LPA can facilitate the early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, which may be able to benefit for capturing "naïve" pluripotency in vitro through inhibiting "primed" pluripotency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenZhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lanyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bangjun Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengmei Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ben Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhuang H, Li Q, Zhang X, Ma X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Yi X, Chen R, Han F, Zhang N, Li Y. Downregulation of glycine decarboxylase enhanced cofilin-mediated migration in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018. [PMID: 29524606 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC), an oxidoreductase, plays an important role in amino acid metabolism. While GLDC promotes tumor initiation and proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer and glioma and it was reported as a putative tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer, the role of GLDC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. In the current study, microarray-based analysis suggested that GLDC expression was low in highly malignant HCC cell lines, and clinicopathological analysis revealed a decrease in GLDC in HCC tumor samples. While the knockdown of GLDC enhanced cancer cell migration and invasion, GLDC overexpression inhibited them. Mechanistic studies revealed that GLDC knockdown increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the ratio of glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), which in turn dampened the ubiquitination of cofilin, a key regulator of actin polymerization. Consequently, the protein level of cofilin was elevated, which accounted for the increase in cell migration. The overexpression of GLDC reversed the phenotype. Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine decreased the protein level of cofilin while treatment with H2O2 increased it, further confirming the role of ROS in regulating cofilin degradation. In a tumor xenographic transplant nude mouse model, the knockdown of GLDC promoted intrahepatic metastasis of HCC while GLDC overexpression inhibited it. Our data indicate that GLDC downregulation decreases ROS-mediated ubiquitination of cofilin to enhance HCC progression and intrahepatic metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuda Ma
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruibing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Pathogen Biology & Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kitasaka H, Kawai T, Hoque SAM, Umehara T, Fujita Y, Shimada M. Inductions of granulosa cell luteinization and cumulus expansion are dependent on the fibronectin-integrin pathway during ovulation process in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192458. [PMID: 29420611 PMCID: PMC5805282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known that EGF-like factor secreted from LH-stimulated granuloma cells acts on granulosa cells and cumulus cells to induce ovulation process. Granulosa cells are changed the morphology with differentiating cell functions to produce progesterone. Cumulus cells are detached to make a space between the cells to accumulate hyaluronan rich matrix. LH also changes extracellular matrix (ECM) components including fibronectin in the follicular walls and granulosa cell layers. EGF like factor and fibronectin synergistically play important roles in numerous cell functions, especially cancer cell migration, estimating that fibronectin would impact on granulosa cells and cumulus cells. To clear this hypothesis, the localizations of fibronectin and its receptor integrin were observed by immunofluorescence technique. The functions were monitored by the detection of downstream signaling pathway, focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The pharmacological approach in both in vivo and in vitro were used for analyzing the physiological roles of FAK during ovulation process. The immunofluorescence staining revealed that fibronectin and integrin were observed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells and the space between cumulus cells and oocyte at 4 and 8 h after hCG injection. Concomitantly with the changes of fibronectin-integrin localization, FAK was phosphorylated in periovulatory follicles. The injection of FAK inhibitor suppressed not only ovulation but also luteinization of granulosa cells and cumulus expansion. In cultured-granulosa cells, fibronectin-integrin synergistically activated FAK with amphiregulin (AREG). Such cooperative stimulations induced a morphological change in granulosa cells, which resulted in the maximum level of progesterone production via the induction of Hsd3b. When cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured with AREG in the presence of serum, the maximum level of cumulus expansion was observed. The AREG-induced cumulus expansion was also suppressed by FAK inhibitor. Thus, it is concluded that fibronectin and AREG synergistically activate FAK not only in granulosa cells and cumulus cells to induce successful ovulation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Kitasaka
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Asada Ladies Clinic, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S. A. Masudul Hoque
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh
| | - Takashi Umehara
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Youko Fujita
- Women’s Clinic Oizumi-Gakuenn, Higashi-Oizumi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yuan X, Wang X, Gu B, Ma Y, Liu Y, Sun M, Kong J, Sun W, Wang H, Zhou F, Gao S. Directional Migration in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is Epigenetically Regulated by SET Nuclear Oncogene, a Member of the Inhibitor of Histone Acetyltransferase Complex. Neoplasia 2017; 19:868-884. [PMID: 28938158 PMCID: PMC5608591 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Directional cell migration is of fundamental importance to a variety of biological events, including metastasis of malignant cells. Herein, we specifically investigated SET oncoprotein, a subunit of the recently identified inhibitor of acetyltransferases (INHAT) complex and identified its role in the establishment of front-rear cell polarity and directional migration in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). We further define the molecular circuits that govern these processes by showing that SET modulated DOCK7/RAC1 and cofilin signaling events. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the spatial distribution of RAC1 and cofilin allowed us to decipher the synergistical contributions of the two in coordinating the advancing dynamics by measuring architectures, polarities, and cytoskeletal organizations of the lamellipodia leading edges. In further investigations in vivo, we identified their unique role at multiple levels of the invasive cascade for SET cell and indicate the necessity for their functional balance to enable efficient invasion as well. Additionally, SET epigenetically repressed miR-30c expression by deacetylating histones H2B and H4 on its promoter, which was functionally important for the biological effects of SET in our cell-context. Finally, we corroborated our findings in vivo by evaluating the clinical relevance of SET signaling in the metastatic burden in mice and a large series of patients with ESCC at diagnosis, observing it's significance in predicting metastasis formation. Our findings uncovered a novel signaling network initiated by SET that epigenetically modulated ESCC properties and suggest that targeting the regulatory axis might be a promising strategy to inhibit migration and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Xinshuai Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Bianli Gu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Yingjian Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Man Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Jinyu Kong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Wei Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Room 263D, 501 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang, China, 455000
| | - Shegan Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics; Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sparrow AJ, Sweetman D, Welham SJM. LIM kinase function and renal growth: Potential role for LIM kinases in fetal programming of kidney development. Life Sci 2017; 186:17-24. [PMID: 28774704 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Maternal dietary restriction during pregnancy impairs nephron development and results in offspring with fewer nephrons. Cell turnover in the early developing kidney is altered by exposure to maternal dietary restriction and may be regulated by the LIM-kinase family of enzymes. We set out to establish whether disturbance of LIM-kinase activity might play a role in the impairment of nephron formation. MAIN METHODS E12.5 metanephric kidneys and HK2 cells were grown in culture with the pharmacological LIM-kinase inhibitor BMS5. Organs were injected with DiI, imaged and cell numbers measured over 48h to assess growth. Cells undergoing mitosis were visualised by pH3 labelling. KEY FINDINGS Growth of cultured kidneys reduced to 83% of controls after exposure to BMS5 and final cell number to 25% of control levels after 48h. Whilst control and BMS5 treated organs showed cells undergoing mitosis (100±11 cells/field vs 113±18 cells/field respectively) the proportion in anaphase was considerably diminished with BMS5 treatment (7.8±0.8% vs 0.8±0.6% respectively; P<0.01). This was consistent with effects on HK2 cells highlighting a severe impact of BMS5 on formation of the mitotic spindle and centriole positioning. DiI labelled cells migrated in 100% of control cultures vs 0% BMS5 treated organs. The number of nephrogenic precursor cells appeared depleted in whole organs and formation of new nephrons was blocked by exposure to BMS5. SIGNIFICANCE Pharmacological blockade of LIM-kinase function in the early developing kidney results in failure of renal development. This is likely due to prevention of dividing cells from completion of mitosis with their resultant loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Sparrow
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Dylan Sweetman
- Zoetis VMRD GTR, Livestock Wellness and Performance, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Simon J M Welham
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bi JJ, Li J, Cheng BF, Yang HJ, Ding QQ, Wang RF, Chen SJ, Feng ZW. NCAM affects directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs via β1 integrin signal-mediated cofilin activity. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 435:175-183. [PMID: 28536952 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a key member of the immunoglobulin-like CAM family, was reported to regulate the migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the detailed cellular behaviors including lamellipodia formation in the initial step of directional migration remain largely unknown. In the present study, we reported that NCAM affects the lamellipodia formation of BMSCs. Using BMSCs from Ncam knockout mice we found that Ncam deficiency significantly impaired the migration and the directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs. Further studies revealed that Ncam knockout decreased the activity of cofilin, an actin-cleaving protein, which was involved in directional protrusions. To explore the molecular mechanisms involved, we examined protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels in Ncam knockout BMSCs by phosphotyrosine peptide array analyses, and found that the tyrosine phosphorylation level of β1 integrin, a protein upstream of cofilin, was greatly upregulated in Ncam-deficient BMSCs. Notably, by blocking the function of β1 integrin with RGD peptide or ROCK inhibitor, the cofilin activity and directional lamellipodia formation of Ncam knockout BMSCs could be rescued. Finally, we found that the effect of NCAM on tyrosine phosphorylation of β1 integrin was independent of the fibroblast growth factor receptor. These results indicated that NCAM regulates directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs through β1 integrin signal-mediated cofilin activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Bi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Bin-Feng Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Jie Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Rui-Fei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Su-Juan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu X, Liu X, Long J, Hu Z, Zheng Q, Zhang C, Li L, Wang Y, Jia Y, Qiu W, Zhou J, Yao W, Zeng Z. Interleukin-10 reorganizes the cytoskeleton of mature dendritic cells leading to their impaired biophysical properties and motilities. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172523. [PMID: 28234961 PMCID: PMC5325303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interlukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine which predominantly induces immune-tolerance. It has been also identified as a major cytokine in the tumor microenvironment that markedly mediates tumor immune escape. Previous studies on the roles of IL-10 in tumor immunosuppression mainly focus on its biochemical effects. But the effects of IL-10 on the biophysical characteristics of immune cells are ill-defined. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells and play a key role in the anti-tumor immune response. IL-10 can affect the immune regulatory functions of DCs in various ways. In this study, we aim to explore the effects of IL-10 on the biophysical functions of mature DCs (mDCs). mDCs were treated with different concentrations of IL-10 and their biophysical characteristics were identified. The results showed that the biophysical properties of mDCs, including electrophoresis mobility, osmotic fragility and deformability, as well as their motilities, were impaired by IL-10. Meanwhile, the cytoskeleton (F-actin) of mDCs was reorganized by IL-10. IL-10 caused the alternations in the expressions of fasin1 and profilin1 as well as the phosphorylation of cofilin1 in a concentration-dependent fashion. Moreover, Fourier transformed infrared resonance data showed that IL-10 made the status of gene transcription and metabolic turnover of mDCs more active. These results demonstrate a new aspect of IL-10's actions on the immune system and represent one of the mechanisms for immune escape of tumors. It may provide a valuable clue to optimize and improve the efficiency of DC-based immunotherapy against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Xianmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jinhua Long
- Department of Head and Neck, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R.China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Qinni Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Nephropathy & Rheumatism, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, P.R.China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu Y, Kubiak JZ, Li XC, Ghobrial RM, Kloc M. Macrophages and RhoA Pathway in Transplanted Organs. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 62:365-376. [PMID: 28455717 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RhoA is a small GTPase that, via its downstream effectors, regulates a variety of cell functions such as cytokinesis, cell migration, vesicular trafficking, and phagocytosis. As such the RhoA pathway is also pivotal for proper functioning of immune cells including macrophages. By controlling actin cytoskeleton organization, RhoA pathway modulates macrophage's polarity and basic functions: phagocytosis, migration, and extracellular matrix degradation. Numerous studies indicate that macrophages are very important effectors contributing to acute and chronic rejection of transplanted organs. In this review we discuss the role of RhoA pathway in governance of macrophage's functions in terms of transplanted organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yianzhu Liu
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jacek Z Kubiak
- CNRS UMR 6290, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, Cell Cycle Group, IFR 140 GFAS, Rennes, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes, France
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (WIHE), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Xian C Li
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rafik M Ghobrial
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Malgorzata Kloc
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Suitable Materials for Soft Tissue Reconstruction: In Vitro Studies of Cell – Triblock Copolymer Interactions. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911505058608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes and fibroblasts have been grown onto a series of triblock copolymers based on 1,5-dioxepan-2-one (DXO) and L-lactide (LLA). The molar ratio of DXO and LLA were varied in the copolymers. This resulted in different degrees of hydrophilicity, which in turn influenced the cell growth. On these surfaces, the morphological appearance of the cells with their cell movements and growth were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, time-lapse videomicroscopy and immunohistochemistry. All results clearly showed that the keratinocytes and fibroblasts adhered best to the most hydrophilic copolymers. A majority of the keratinocytes seeded on the most hydrophilic copolymer also presented a polarized morphology indicating a migration tendency. The cell growth onto these materials are interesting since a possible application for these unique materials is as polymeric membranes for guided cutaneous and/or periodontal tissue generation.
Collapse
|
24
|
Brayford S, Bryce NS, Schevzov G, Haynes EM, Bear JE, Hardeman EC, Gunning PW. Tropomyosin Promotes Lamellipodial Persistence by Collaborating with Arp2/3 at the Leading Edge. Curr Biol 2016; 26:1312-8. [PMID: 27112294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
At the leading edge of migrating cells, protrusion of the lamellipodium is driven by Arp2/3-mediated polymerization of actin filaments [1]. This dense, branched actin network is promoted and stabilized by cortactin [2, 3]. In order to drive filament turnover, Arp2/3 networks are remodeled by proteins such as GMF, which blocks the actin-Arp2/3 interaction [4, 5], and coronin 1B, which acts by directing SSH1L to the lamellipodium where it activates the actin-severing protein cofilin [6, 7]. It has been shown in vitro that cofilin-mediated severing of Arp2/3 actin networks results in the generation of new pointed ends to which the actin-stabilizing protein tropomyosin (Tpm) can bind [8]. The presence of Tpm in lamellipodia, however, is disputed in the literature [9-19]. Here, we report that the Tpm isoforms 1.8/9 are enriched in the lamellipodium of fibroblasts as detected with a novel isoform-specific monoclonal antibody. RNAi-mediated silencing of Tpm1.8/9 led to an increase of Arp2/3 accumulation at the cell periphery and a decrease in the persistence of lamellipodia and cell motility, a phenotype consistent with cortactin- and coronin 1B-deficient cells [2, 7]. In the absence of coronin 1B or cofilin, Tpm1.8/9 protein levels are reduced while, conversely, inhibition of Arp2/3 with CK666 leads to an increase in Tpm1.8/9 protein. These findings establish a novel regulatory mechanism within the lamellipodium whereby Tpm collaborates with Arp2/3 to promote lamellipodial-based cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Brayford
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nicole S Bryce
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Galina Schevzov
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth M Haynes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - James E Bear
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Edna C Hardeman
- Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peter W Gunning
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Piltti J, Varjosalo M, Qu C, Häyrinen J, Lammi MJ. Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 increases cellular proliferation and migration in human foreskin fibroblast cells. Proteomics 2015; 15:2953-65. [PMID: 25951301 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The idea of direct differentiation of somatic cells into other differentiated cell types has attracted a great interest recently. Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (ROCKi) is a potential drug molecule, which has been reported to support the gene expressions typical for the chondrocytes, thus restricting their phenotypic conversion to fibroblastic cells upon the cellular expansion. In this study, we have investigated the short-term biological responses of ROCKi to human primary foreskin fibroblasts. The fibroblast cells were exposed to 1 and 10 μM ROCKi treatments. A proteomics analysis revealed expression changes of 56 proteins, and a further protein pathway analysis suggested their association with the cell morphology, the organization, and the increased cellular movement and the proliferation. These functional responses were confirmed by a Cell-IQ time-lapse imaging analysis. Rho-kinase inhibitor treatment increased the cellular proliferation up to twofold during the first 12 h, and a wound model based migration assay showed 50% faster filling of the mechanically generated wound area. Additionally, significantly less vinculin-associated focal adhesions were present in the ROCKi-treated cells. Despite the marked changes in the cell behavior, ROCKi was not able to induce the expression of the chondrocyte-specific genes, such as procollagen α1 (II) and aggrecan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha Piltti
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Häyrinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cohen-Dvashi H, Ben-Chetrit N, Russell R, Carvalho S, Lauriola M, Nisani S, Mancini M, Nataraj N, Kedmi M, Roth L, Köstler W, Zeisel A, Yitzhaky A, Zylberg J, Tarcic G, Eilam R, Wigelman Y, Will R, Lavi S, Porat Z, Wiemann S, Ricardo S, Schmitt F, Caldas C, Yarden Y. Navigator-3, a modulator of cell migration, may act as a suppressor of breast cancer progression. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:299-314. [PMID: 25678558 PMCID: PMC4364947 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of primary tumor cells depends on migratory and invasive attributes. Here, we identify Navigator-3 (NAV3), a gene frequently mutated or deleted in human tumors, as a regulator of epithelial migration and invasion. Following induction by growth factors, NAV3 localizes to the plus ends of microtubules and enhances their polarized growth. Accordingly, NAV3 depletion trimmed microtubule growth, prolonged growth factor signaling, prevented apoptosis and enhanced random cell migration. Mathematical modeling suggested that NAV3-depleted cells acquire an advantage in terms of the way they explore their environment. In animal models, silencing NAV3 increased metastasis, whereas ectopic expression of the wild-type form, unlike expression of two, relatively unstable oncogenic mutants from human tumors, inhibited metastasis. Congruently, analyses of > 2,500 breast and lung cancer patients associated low NAV3 with shorter survival. We propose that NAV3 inhibits breast cancer progression by regulating microtubule dynamics, biasing directionally persistent rather than random migration, and inhibiting locomotion of initiated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Cohen-Dvashi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nir Ben-Chetrit
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roslin Russell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sophia Nisani
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maicol Mancini
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nishanth Nataraj
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Merav Kedmi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lee Roth
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Köstler
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amit Zeisel
- Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Assif Yitzhaky
- Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jacques Zylberg
- Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gabi Tarcic
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raya Eilam
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoav Wigelman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rainer Will
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Lavi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Biological Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Ricardo
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ferraro A, Boni T, Pintzas A. EZH2 regulates cofilin activity and colon cancer cell migration by targeting ITGA2 gene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115276. [PMID: 25549357 PMCID: PMC4280133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reorganization of cytoskeleton via actin remodeling is a basic step of cell locomotion. Although cell migration of normal and cancer cells can be stimulated by a variety of intra- and extra-cellular factors, all paths ultimate on the regulation of cofilin activity. Cofilin is a small actin-binding protein able to bind both forms of actin, globular and filament, and is regulated by phosphorylation at Serine 3. Following phosphorylation at serine 3 cofilin is inactive, therefore cannot bind actin molecules and cytoskeleton remodeling is impaired. The histone methyltransferase EZH2 is frequently over expressed in many tumour types including colorectal cancer (CRC). EZH2 over activity, which results in epigenetic gene-silencing, has been associated with many tumour properties including invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis but little is known about the underneath molecular mechanisms. Herein, we report that EZH2 is able to control cofilin activity and consequently cell locomotion of CRC cell lines through a non-conventional novel axis that involves integrin signaling. Indeed, we show how genetic and pharmacological inhibition (DZNep and GSK343) of EZH2 function produces hyper phosphorylation of cofilin and reduces cell migration. We previously demonstrated by chromatin immuno-precipitation that Integrin alpha 2 (ITGα2) expression is regulated by EZH2. In the present study we provide evidence that in EZH2-silenced cells the signaling activity of the de-repressed ITGα2 is able to increase cofilin phosphorylation, which in turn reduces cell migration. This study also proposes novel mechanisms that might provide new anti-metastatic strategies for CRC treatment based on the inhibition of the epigenetic factor EZH2 and/or its target gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ferraro
- Laboratory of Signal Mediated Gene Expression, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Themis Boni
- Laboratory of Signal Mediated Gene Expression, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Pintzas
- Laboratory of Signal Mediated Gene Expression, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tang Q, Ji Q, Tang Y, Chen T, Pan G, Hu S, Bao Y, Peng W, Yin P. Mitochondrial translocation of cofilin-1 promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer BGC-823 cells induced by ursolic acid. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:2451-9. [PMID: 24197982 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of gastric cancer is characterized by excessive proliferation, abnormal differentiation, and reduced apoptosis. Ursolic acid, extracted from traditional Chinese medicine bearberry, inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer. However, the mechanism of the proapoptotic effect of ursolic acid on gastric cancer cells needs further investigation. In our present study, we found in apoptotic gastric cancer BGC-823 cells induced by ursolic acid that a translocation of cofilin-1 protein from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria promoted the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, thereby activating the caspase cascade and finally inducing gastric cancer cell apoptosis. These results implied that the mitochondrial translocation of cofilin-1 might play a crucial role in the promotion of apoptosis and might be a key target for future treatment of human gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratories & Experimental Center, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Liu XH, Yang ZJ, Xie B, Zhong YS. The effect of ROCK-1 activity change on the adhesive and invasive ability of Y79 retinoblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:89. [PMID: 24528629 PMCID: PMC3931292 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common intraocular tumor in childhood worldwide. It is a deadly pediatric eye cancer. The main cause of death in Rb patients is intracranial and systemic metastasis. ROCK is the main downstream effector of Ras-homologous (Rho) family of GTPases which are involved in many cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of ROCK promotes invasion and metastasis of many solid tumors. However, the effect of ROCK in Rb is largely unknown. METHODS ROCK-1 and ROCK-2 mRNA expression in Y79 cell lines were examined by RT-PCR. Protein expression in the Y79 cell line were examined by western blot analyses. ROCK-1 and ROCK-2 siRNA were transfected into Y79 cells with Lipofectamine 2000. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay after exposure to ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632). We examined the effect of ROCK inhibitors (Y-27632, ROCK-1 and ROCK-2 siRNA) on Y79 cell adhesive capacity by cell adhesion assay. Cell invasion assay through matrigel was used to study the effect of ROCK inhibitors on Y79 cell invasive capacity. RESULTS The expression of mRNA of ROCK-1 was more than that of ROCK-2 in the Y79 cell line. The protein expression levels of ROCK-1 and ROCK-2 were downregulated in the cells transfected with siRNA. Y-27632 treatment didn't lead to any changes of Y79 cells proliferation. Adhesive ability of Y79 cells was enhanced following Y-27632 or ROCK-1 siRNA treatment. The invasive capacity of Y79 cells showed an inverse relationship with increasing Y-27632 concentration. Invasiveness of Y79 cells also decreased in Y79 cells transfected with ROCK-1 siRNA. However, there was no change in adhesive ability or invasive capacity in Y79 cells transfected with siRNA against ROCK-2. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study demonstrate that ROCK-1 protein plays a key role in regulating metastasis and invasion of Y79 cells, suggesting that the ROCK-1 dependent pathway may be a potential target for therapy of Rb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 197 Ruijin No, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
You DH, Nam MJ. Effects of human epidermal growth factor gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells on fibroblast migration and proliferation. Cell Prolif 2014; 46:408-15. [PMID: 23869762 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We were interested in determining whether epidermal growth factor gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells (EGF-MSC) would accelerate fibroblast migration and proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fibroblasts were cultured in serum-free conditioned media from EGF-MSC; RT-PCR was performed to detect expression of EGF gene in EGF-MSCs. EGF protein levels in cell culture supernatants from EGF-MSC were assayed by ELISA and proliferation of EGF-MSC-treated fibroblasts was performed using MTT assay. Effects of EGF-MSC on fibroblast migration were evaluated using scratch wound and transmigration assays. Cell adhesion molecules, cell dynamics molecules and phospho-(Ser) kinase substrate expressions of EGF-MSC-treated fibroblasts were evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS EGF gene expression increased in EGF-MSCs and viability of EGF-MSC-treated fibroblasts was elevated. EGF-MSC-treated fibroblasts showed increased migration compared to controls. Expressions of cell adhesion molecules (β-catenin, N-cadherin), cell dynamics molecules (cofilin, ezrin) and phospho-(Ser) kinase substrates (phospho-MAPK/CDK substrate, phospho-Arg-(Ser)-X-Tyr/Phe-X-pSer motif) increased in EGF-MSC-treated fibroblasts. These results imply that EGF-MSCs contributed to enhancing the wound healing process by increased cell adhesion, dynamic effects, fibroblast migration, and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that EGF-MSCs had a positive influence on fibroblast migration and proliferation and EGF-MSC may provide a useful strategy for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H You
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, 406-799, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vandenberg LN, Lemire JM, Levin M. It's never too early to get it Right: A conserved role for the cytoskeleton in left-right asymmetry. Commun Integr Biol 2013; 6:e27155. [PMID: 24505508 PMCID: PMC3912007 DOI: 10.4161/cib.27155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, scientists and physicians have been captivated by the consistent left-right (LR) asymmetry of the heart, viscera, and brain. A recent study implicated tubulin proteins in establishing laterality in several experimental models, including asymmetric chemosensory receptor expression in C. elegans neurons, polarization of HL-60 human neutrophil-like cells in culture, and asymmetric organ placement in Xenopus. The same mutations that randomized asymmetry in these diverse systems also affect chirality in Arabidopsis, revealing a remarkable conservation of symmetry-breaking mechanisms among kingdoms. In Xenopus, tubulin mutants only affected LR patterning very early, suggesting that this axis is established shortly after fertilization. This addendum summarizes and extends the knowledge of the cytoskeleton's role in the patterning of the LR axis. Results from many species suggest a conserved role for the cytoskeleton as the initiator of asymmetry, and indicate that symmetry is first broken during early embryogenesis by an intracellular process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Biology Department; Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology; Tufts University; Medford, MA USA ; Current affiliation: Department of Public Health; Division of Environmental Health Sciences; University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Amherst, MA USA
| | - Joan M Lemire
- Biology Department; Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology; Tufts University; Medford, MA USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department; Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology; Tufts University; Medford, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tahtamouni LH, Shaw AE, Hasan MH, Yasin SR, Bamburg JR. Non-overlapping activities of ADF and cofilin-1 during the migration of metastatic breast tumor cells. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:45. [PMID: 24093776 PMCID: PMC3850953 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADF/cofilin proteins are key modulators of actin dynamics in metastasis and invasion of cancer cells. Here we focused on the roles of ADF and cofilin-1 individually in the development of polarized migration of rat mammary adenocarcinoma (MTLn3) cells, which express nearly equal amounts of each protein. Small interference RNA (siRNA) technology was used to knockdown (KD) the expression of ADF and cofilin-1 independently. RESULTS Either ADF KD or cofilin KD caused cell elongation, a reduction in cell area, a decreased ability to form invadopodia, and a decreased percentage of polarized cells after 180 s of epidermal growth factor stimulation. Moreover, ADF KD or cofilin KD increased the rate of cell migration and the time of lamellipodia protrusion but through different mechanisms: lamellipodia protrude more frequently in ADF KD cells and are more persistent in cofilin KD cells. ADF KD cells showed a significant increase in F-actin aggregates, whereas cofilin KD cells showed a significant increase in prominent F-actin bundles and increased cell adhesion. Focal adhesion area and cell adhesion in cofilin KD cells were returned to control levels by expressing exogenous cofilin but not ADF. Return to control rates of cell migration in ADF KD cells was achieved by expression of exogenous ADF but not cofilin, whereas in cofilin KD cells, expression of cofilin efficiently rescued control migration rates. CONCLUSION Although ADF and cofilin have many redundant functions, each of these isoforms has functional differences that affect F-actin structures, cell adhesion and lamellipodial dynamics, all of which are important determinants of cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna H Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - Alisa E Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Maram H Hasan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - Salem R Yasin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - James R Bamburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vogler M, Vogel S, Krull S, Farhat K, Leisering P, Lutz S, Wuertz CM, Katschinski DM, Zieseniss A. Hypoxia modulates fibroblastic architecture, adhesion and migration: a role for HIF-1α in cofilin regulation and cytoplasmic actin distribution. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69128. [PMID: 23874890 PMCID: PMC3715466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells can adapt to hypoxia by various mechanisms. Yet, hypoxia-induced effects on the cytoskeleton-based cell architecture and functions are largely unknown. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the architecture and function of L929 fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Cells cultivated in hypoxia showed striking morphological differences as compared to cells cultivated under normoxic conditions (20% O2). These changes include an enlargement of cell area and volume, increased numbers of focal contacts and loss of cell polarization. Furthermore the β- and γ-actin distribution is greatly altered. These hypoxic adjustments are associated with enhanced cell spreading and a decline of cell motility in wound closure and single cell motility assays. As the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is stabilised in hypoxia and plays a pivotal role in the transcriptional response to changes in oxygen availability we used an shRNA-approach to examine the role of HIF-1α in cytoskeleton-related architecture and functions. We show that the observed increase in cell area, actin filament rearrangement, decrease of single cell migration in hypoxia and the maintenance of p-cofilin levels is dependent on HIF-1α stabilisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Vogler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Vogel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Krull
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katja Farhat
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Pia Leisering
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christina M. Wuertz
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dörthe M. Katschinski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Anke Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schofield AV, Bernard O. Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) signaling and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 48:301-16. [PMID: 23601011 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.786671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The small Rho GTPase family of proteins, encompassing the three major G-protein classes Rho, Rac and cell division control protein 42, are key mitogenic signaling molecules that regulate multiple cancer-associated cellular phenotypes including cell proliferation and motility. These proteins are known for their role in the regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, which is achieved through modulating the activity of their downstream effector molecules. The Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 1 and 2 (ROCK1 and ROCK2) proteins were the first discovered Rho effectors that were primarily established as players in RhoA-mediated stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly. It has since been discovered that the ROCK kinases actively phosphorylate a large cohort of actin-binding proteins and intermediate filament proteins to modulate their functions. It is well established that global cellular morphology, as modulated by the three cytoskeletal networks: actin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules, is regulated by a variety of accessory proteins whose activities are dependent on their phosphorylation by the Rho-kinases. As a consequence, they regulate many key cellular functions associated with malignancy, including cell proliferation, motility and viability. In this current review, we focus on the role of the ROCK-signaling pathways in disease including cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice V Schofield
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Cytoskeleton and Cancer Unit and Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ito T, Hashizume H, Shimauchi T, Funakoshi A, Ito N, Fukamizu H, Takigawa M, Tokura Y. CXCL10 produced from hair follicles induces Th1 and Tc1 cell infiltration in the acute phase of alopecia areata followed by sustained Tc1 accumulation in the chronic phase. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 69:140-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Chung H, Kim B, Jung SH, Won KJ, Jiang X, Lee CK, Lim SD, Yang SK, Song KH, Kim HS. Does phosphorylation of cofilin affect the progression of human bladder cancer? BMC Cancer 2013; 13:45. [PMID: 23374291 PMCID: PMC3568060 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We determined the differently expressed protein profiles and their functions in bladder cancer tissues with the aim of identifying possible target proteins and underlying molecular mechanisms for taking part in their progression. Methods We examined the expression of proteins by proteomic analysis and western blot in normal urothelium, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers (NMIBCs), and muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs). The function of cofilin was analyzed using T24 human bladder cancer cells. Results The expression levels of 12 proteins were altered between bladder cancers and normal bladder tissues. Of these proteins, 14-3-3σ was upregulated in both NMIBCs and MIBCs compared with controls. On the other hand, myosin regulatory light chain 2, galectin-1, lipid-binding AI, annexin V, transthyretin, CARD-inhibitor of NF-κB-activating ligand, and actin prepeptide were downregulated in cancer samples. Cofilin, an actin-depolymerizing factor, was prominent in both NMIBCs and MIBCs compared with normal bladder tissues. Furthermore, we confirmed that cofilin phosphorylation was more prominent in MIBCs than in NMIBCs using immunoblotting and immunohistochemcal analyses. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) increased the phosphorylation of cofilin and elevated the migration in T24 cells. Knockdown of cofilin expression with small interfering RNA attenuated the T24 cell migration in response to EGF. Conclusions These results demonstrate that the increased expression and phosphorylation of cofilin might play a role in the occurrence and invasiveness of bladder cancer. We suspected that changes in cofilin expression may participate in the progression of the bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chung
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 82 Gugwon-daero, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-704, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chai X, Förster E, Zhao S, Bock HH, Frotscher M. Reelin acts as a stop signal for radially migrating neurons by inducing phosphorylation of n-cofilin at the leading edge. Commun Integr Biol 2013; 2:375-7. [PMID: 19721896 DOI: 10.4161/cib.2.4.8614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein Reelin, secreted by Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells in the marginal zone (MZ) of the cerebral cortex, is important for neuronal migration during development. Two lipoprotein receptors for Reelin have been identified, apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). The binding of Reelin to these receptors induces tyrosine phosphorylation of an adapter protein, disabled 1 (Dab1) by src family kinases (SFKs). In the Reelin-deficient mutant reeler, cortical lamination is inverted with many neurons invading the marginal zone and others that are unable to migrate to their destinations and accumulate underneath their predecessors, suggesting a role for Reelin signaling in dynamic cytoskeletal reorganization. At present these effects of Reelin are poorly understood. In our recent study, we showed that Reelin induces serine3 phosphorylation of n-cofilin, an actin-depolymerizing protein promoting the disassembly of F-actin. Phosphorylation of cofilin renders it unable to depolymerize F-actin, thus stabilizing the cytoskeleton. We provided evidence for ApoER2, Dab1, SFKs and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) to be involved in Reelin-induced cofilin phosphorylation. We found that phosphorylation of cofilin occurs in the leading processes of radially migrating neurons as they grow towards the Reelin-containing marginal zone. By cofilin phosphorylation, Reelin may act as a stop signal for radially migrating neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Chai
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu WM, Zhang F, Moshiach S, Zhou B, Huang C, Srinivasan K, Khurana S, Zheng Y, Lahti JM, Zhang XA. Tetraspanin CD82 inhibits protrusion and retraction in cell movement by attenuating the plasma membrane-dependent actin organization. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51797. [PMID: 23251627 PMCID: PMC3522597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine how tetraspanin KAI1/CD82, a tumor metastasis suppressor, inhibits cell migration, we assessed which cellular events critical for motility are altered by KAI1/CD82 and how KAI1/CD82 regulates these events. We found that KAI1/CD82-expressing cells typically exhibited elongated cellular tails and diminished lamellipodia. Live imaging demonstrated that the polarized protrusion and retraction of the plasma membrane became deficient upon KAI1/CD82 expression. The deficiency in developing these motility-related cellular events was caused by poor formations of actin cortical network and stress fiber and by aberrant dynamics in actin organization. Rac1 activity was reduced by KAI1/CD82, consistent with the diminution of lamellipodia and actin cortical network; while the growth factor-stimulated RhoA activity was blocked by KAI1/CD82, consistent with the loss of stress fiber and attenuation in cellular retraction. Upon KAI1/CD82 expression, Rac effector cofilin was not enriched at the cell periphery to facilitate lamellipodia formation while Rho kinase exhibited a significantly lower activity leading to less retraction. Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-biphosphate, which initiates actin polymerization from the plasma membrane, became less detectable at the cell periphery in KAI1/CD82-expressing cells. Moreover, KAI1/CD82-induced phenotypes likely resulted from the suppression of multiple signaling pathways such as integrin and growth factor signaling. In summary, at the cellular level KAI1/CD82 inhibited polarized protrusion and retraction events by disrupting actin reorganization; at the molecular level, KAI1/CD82 deregulated Rac1, RhoA, and their effectors cofilin and Rho kinase by perturbing the plasma membrane lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei M. Liu
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Feng Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Simon Moshiach
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Bin Zhou
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Chao Huang
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kamalakkannan Srinivasan
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Seema Khurana
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jill M. Lahti
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xin A. Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kwan W, Träger U, Davalos D, Chou A, Bouchard J, Andre R, Miller A, Weiss A, Giorgini F, Cheah C, Möller T, Stella N, Akassoglou K, Tabrizi SJ, Muchowski PJ. Mutant huntingtin impairs immune cell migration in Huntington disease. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:4737-47. [PMID: 23160193 DOI: 10.1172/jci64484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In Huntington disease (HD), immune cells are activated before symptoms arise; however, it is unclear how the expression of mutant huntingtin (htt) compromises the normal functions of immune cells. Here we report that primary microglia from early postnatal HD mice were profoundly impaired in their migration to chemotactic stimuli, and expression of a mutant htt fragment in microglial cell lines was sufficient to reproduce these deficits. Microglia expressing mutant htt had a retarded response to a laser-induced brain injury in vivo. Leukocyte recruitment was defective upon induction of peritonitis in HD mice at early disease stages and was normalized upon genetic deletion of mutant htt in immune cells. Migration was also strongly impaired in peripheral immune cells from pre-manifest human HD patients. Defective actin remodeling in immune cells expressing mutant htt likely contributed to their migration deficit. Our results suggest that these functional changes may contribute to immune dysfunction and neurodegeneration in HD, and may have implications for other polyglutamine expansion diseases in which mutant proteins are ubiquitously expressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Kwan
- Biomedical Sciences Program, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Signaling mechanisms and functional roles of cofilin phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Cell Signal 2012; 25:457-69. [PMID: 23153585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cofilin and actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) are actin-binding proteins that play an essential role in regulating actin filament dynamics and reorganization by stimulating the severance and depolymerization of actin filaments. Cofilin/ADF are inactivated by phosphorylation at the serine residue at position 3 by LIM-kinases (LIMKs) and testicular protein kinases (TESKs) and are reactivated by dephosphorylation by the slingshot (SSH) family of protein phosphatases and chronophin. This review describes recent advances in our understanding of the signaling mechanisms regulating LIMKs and SSHs and the functional roles of cofilin phospho-regulation in cell migration, tumor invasion, mitosis, neuronal development, and synaptic plasticity. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the phospho-regulation of cofilin/ADF is a key convergence point of cell signaling networks that link extracellular stimuli to actin cytoskeletal dynamics and that spatiotemporal control of cofilin/ADF activity by LIMKs and SSHs plays a crucial role in a diverse array of cellular and physiological processes. Perturbations in the normal control of cofilin/ADF activity underlie many pathological conditions, including cancer metastasis and neurological and cardiovascular disorders.
Collapse
|
41
|
Popow-Woźniak A, Mazur AJ, Mannherz HG, Malicka-Błaszkiewicz M, Nowak D. Cofilin overexpression affects actin cytoskeleton organization and migration of human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2012; 138:725-36. [PMID: 22790341 PMCID: PMC3470684 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-012-0988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton is regulated by a large number of actin-binding proteins. Among them, the interaction of ADF/cofilin with monomeric and filamentous actin is very important, since it severs actin filaments. It also positively influences actin treadmilling. The activity of ADF/cofilin is reversibly regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation at Ser-3, with the phosphorylated form (P-cofilin) being inactive. Here, we studied the effects of overexpression of cofilin and two cofilin variants in the human colon adenocarcinoma LS180 cell line. We have generated the LS180 cells expressing three different cofilin variants: WT (wild type), Ser 3 Ala (S3A) (constitutively active) or Ser 3 Asp (S3D) (constitutively inactive cofilin). The cells expressing WT cofilin were characterized by abundant cell spreading and colocalization of cofilin with the submembranous F-actin. Similar effects were observed in cells expressing S3A cofilin. In contrast, LS180 cells expressing S3D cofilin remained longitudinal in morphology and cofilin was equally distributed within the cell body. Furthermore, the migration ability of LS180 cells expressing different cofilin mutants was analyzed. In comparison to control cells, we have noticed a significant, approximately fourfold increase in the migration factor value of cells overexpressing WT type cofilin. The overexpression of S3D cofilin resulted in an almost complete inhibition of cell motility. The estimation of actin pool in the cytosol of LS180 cells expressing S3A cofilin has shown a significantly lower level of total actin in reference to control cells. The opposite effect was observed in LS180 cells overexpressing S3D cofilin. In summary, the results of our experiments indicate that phosphorylation "status" of cofilin is a factor affecting the actin cytoskeleton organization and migration abilities of colon adenocarcinoma LS180 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Popow-Woźniak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Antonina Joanna Mazur
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr-University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Mannherz
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr-University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Maria Malicka-Błaszkiewicz
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Prasad A, Kuzontkoski PM, Shrivastava A, Zhu W, Li DY, Groopman JE. Slit2N/Robo1 inhibit HIV-gp120-induced migration and podosome formation in immature dendritic cells by sequestering LSP1 and WASp. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48854. [PMID: 23119100 PMCID: PMC3485365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-mediated transmission and dissemination of sexually-acquired human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in the host involves the migration of immature dendritic cells (iDCs). iDCs migrate in response to the HIV-1 envelope protein, gp120, and inhibiting such migration may limit the mucosal transmission of HIV-1. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism of HIV-1-gp120-induced transendothelial migration of iDCs. We found that gp120 enhanced the binding of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp) and the Actin-Related Protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex with β-actin, an interaction essential for the proper formation of podosomes, specialized adhesion structures required for the migration of iDCs through different tissues. We further identified Leukocyte-Specific Protein 1 (LSP1) as a novel component of the WASp-Arp2/3-β-actin complex. Pretreating iDCs with an active fragment of the secretory glycoprotein Slit2 (Slit2N) inhibited HIV-1-gp120-mediated migration and podosome formation, by inducing the cognate receptor Roundabout 1 (Robo1) to bind to and sequester WASp and LSP1 from β-actin. Slit2N treatment also inhibited Src signaling and the activation of several downstream molecules, including Rac1, Pyk2, paxillin, and CDC42, a major regulator of podosome formation. Taken together, our results support a novel mechanism by which Slit2/Robo1 may inhibit the HIV-1-gp120-induced migration of iDCs, thereby restricting dissemination of HIV-1 from mucosal surfaces in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Prasad
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paula M. Kuzontkoski
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Weiquan Zhu
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dean Y. Li
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jerome E. Groopman
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Taulet N, Delorme-Walker VD, DerMardirossian C. Reactive oxygen species regulate protrusion efficiency by controlling actin dynamics. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41342. [PMID: 22876286 PMCID: PMC3410878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Productive protrusions allowing motile cells to sense and migrate toward a chemotactic gradient of reactive oxygen species (ROS) require a tight control of the actin cytoskeleton. However, the mechanisms of how ROS affect cell protrusion and actin dynamics are not well elucidated yet. We show here that ROS induce the formation of a persistent protrusion. In migrating epithelial cells, protrusion of the leading edge requires the precise regulation of the lamellipodium and lamella F-actin networks. Using fluorescent speckle microscopy, we showed that, upon ROS stimulation, the F-actin retrograde flow is enhanced in the lamellipodium. This event coincides with an increase of cofilin activity, free barbed ends formation, Arp2/3 recruitment, and ERK activity at the cell edge. In addition, we observed an acceleration of the F-actin flow in the lamella of ROS-stimulated cells, which correlates with an enhancement of the cell contractility. Thus, this study demonstrates that ROS modulate both the lamellipodium and the lamella networks to control protrusion efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Taulet
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Violaine D. Delorme-Walker
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Céline DerMardirossian
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Woltedji D, Song F, Zhang L, Gala A, Han B, Feng M, Fang Y, Li J. Western Honeybee Drones and Workers (Apis mellifera ligustica) Have Different Olfactory Mechanisms than Eastern Honeybees (Apis cerana cerana). J Proteome Res 2012; 11:4526-40. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300298w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Woltedji
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Song
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Alemayehu Gala
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute
of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of
Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Song J, Xu H, Lu Q, Xu Z, Bian D, Xia Y, Wei Z, Gong Z, Dai Y. Madecassoside suppresses migration of fibroblasts from keloids: involvement of p38 kinase and PI3K signaling pathways. Burns 2012; 38:677-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
46
|
Zhang Y, Kim TH, Niswander L. Phactr4 regulates directional migration of enteric neural crest through PP1, integrin signaling, and cofilin activity. Genes Dev 2012; 26:69-81. [PMID: 22215812 DOI: 10.1101/gad.179283.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is caused by a reduction of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) in the gut and gastrointestinal blockage. Knowledge of the genetics underlying HSCR is incomplete, particularly genes that control cellular behaviors of ENCC migration. Here we report a novel regulator of ENCC migration in mice. Disruption of the Phactr4 gene causes an embryonic gastrointestinal defect due to colon hypoganglionosis, which resembles human HSCR. Time-lapse imaging of ENCCs within the embryonic gut demonstrates a collective cell migration defect. Mutant ENCCs show undirected cellular protrusions and disrupted directional and chain migration. Phactr4 acts cell-autonomously in ENCCs and colocalizes with integrin and cofilin at cell protrusions. Mechanistically, we show that Phactr4 negatively regulates integrin signaling through the RHO/ROCK pathway and coordinates protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) with cofilin activity to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics. Strikingly, lamellipodia formation and in vivo ENCC chain migration defects are rescued by inhibition of ROCK or integrin function. Our results demonstrate a previously unknown pathway in ENCC collective migration in vivo and provide new candidate genes for human genetic studies of HSCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lou D, Sun B, Wei H, Deng X, Chen H, Xu D, Li G, Xu H, Wang Y. Spatiotemporal Expression of Testicular Protein Kinase 1 After Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 47:180-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
48
|
Torres RA, Drake DA, Solodushko V, Jadhav R, Smith E, Rocic P, Weber DS. Slingshot isoform-specific regulation of cofilin-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neointima formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 31:2424-31. [PMID: 21868701 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.232769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that cofilin activation by members of the slingshot (SSH) phosphatase family is a key mechanism regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and neoinitima formation following vascular injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Scratch wound and modified Boyden chamber assays were used to assess VSMC migration following downregulation of the expression of cofilin and each SSH phosphatase isoform (SSH1, SSH2, and SSH3) by small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. Cofilin siRNA greatly attenuated the ability of VSMC migration into the "wound," and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced migration was virtually eliminated versus a 3.5-fold increase in nontreated VSMCs, establishing a critical role for cofilin in VSMC migration. Cofilin activation (dephosphorylation) was increased in PDGF-stimulated VSMCs. Thus, we assessed the role of the SSH family of phosphatases on cofilin activation and VSMC migration. Treatment with either SSH1 or SSH2 siRNA attenuated cofilin activation, whereas SSH3 siRNA had no effect. Only SSH1 siRNA significantly reduced wound healing and PDGF-induced VSMC migration. Both SSH1 expression (4.7-fold) and cofilin expression (3.9-fold) were increased in balloon injured versus noninjured carotid arteries, and expression was prevalent in the neointima. CONCLUSION These studies demonstrate that the regulation of VSMC migration by cofilin is SSH1 dependent and that this mechanism potentially contributes to neointima formation following vascular injury in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Torres
- Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Differential antennal proteome comparison of adult honeybee drone, worker and queen (Apis mellifera L.). J Proteomics 2012; 75:756-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
50
|
Abstract
β1 integrin signaling plays crucial roles in enteric nervous system development. Zhang and colleagues (pp. 69-81) discovered that phosphatase and actin regulator 4 (Phactr4) antagonizes β1 integrin signaling through protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in focal adhesions of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs). Loss of Phactr4-PP1 interaction leads to increased β1 integrin signaling, loss of collective and directional migration, and hindgut hypogangaliosis, indicating that the right adjustment of β1 integrin signaling is required for the normal migration and organization of ENCCs.
Collapse
|