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Althobaiti NA. Heavy metals exposure and Alzheimer's disease: Underlying mechanisms and advancing therapeutic approaches. Behav Brain Res 2024; 476:115212. [PMID: 39187176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic are prevalent in the environment due to both natural and anthropogenic sources, leading to significant public health concerns. These heavy metals are known to cause damage to the nervous system, potentially leading to a range of neurological conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study examines the complex relationship between heavy metal exposure and AD, focusing on the underlying mechanisms of toxicity and potential therapeutic approaches. This review article highlights how these metals can impair brain function through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotransmitter disruption, ultimately contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like AD. It also addresses the challenges in diagnosing heavy metal-induced cognitive impairments and emphasizes the need for further research to explore effective treatment strategies and preventive measures against heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah A Althobaiti
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Numan AT, Jawad NK, Fawzi HA. Biochemical study of the effect of lead exposure in nonobese gasoline station workers and risk of hyperglycemia: A retrospective case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39152. [PMID: 39121307 PMCID: PMC11315521 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluate the relationship between blood lead (Pb) levels and other biomedical markers and the risk of diabetes in gasoline station workers. The participants were separated into 2 groups: group A consisted of 26 workers from gasoline filling stations, while group B comprised 26 healthy individuals. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, IL-1β, visfatin, insulin, fasting blood sugar, and vitamin D were assessed. Mean Pb level was significantly higher in group A compared to group B (almost 2.9 times higher levels) (14.43 ± 1.01 vs 5.01 ± 1.41, µg/dL). The levels of visfatin (23.19 ± 0.96 vs 3.88 ± 0.58, ng/mL), insulin (22.14 ± 1.31 vs 11.26 ± 0.75, mU/L), fasting blood sugar (118.4 ± 26.1 vs 82.7 ± 9.2, gm/dL), malondialdehyde (6.40 ± 0.27 vs 1.62 ± 0.21, nmol/mL), and IL-1β (330.25 ± 10.34 vs 12.35 ± 1.43, pg/mL) were significantly higher in group A, meanwhile; vitamin D (11.99 ± 1.55 vs 35.41 ± 3.16, ng/mL) were significantly lower in group A. A positive association exists between blood Pb levels and increased inflammatory markers. Lead exposure increases serum insulin and fasting blood sugar, which suggests that it is diabetogenic and that increased inflammation is a possible cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Tarik Numan
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nada Kadum Jawad
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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Shvachiy L, Amaro-Leal Â, Machado F, Rocha I, Outeiro TF, Geraldes V. Gender-Specific Effects on the Cardiorespiratory System and Neurotoxicity of Intermittent and Permanent Low-Level Lead Exposures. Biomedicines 2024; 12:711. [PMID: 38672068 PMCID: PMC11048361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lead exposure is a significant health concern, ranking among the top 10 most harmful substances for humans. There are no safe levels of lead exposure, and it affects multiple body systems, especially the cardiovascular and neurological systems, leading to problems such as hypertension, heart disease, cognitive deficits, and developmental delays, particularly in children. Gender differences are a crucial factor, with women's reproductive systems being especially vulnerable, resulting in fertility issues, pregnancy complications, miscarriages, and premature births. The globalization of lead exposure presents new challenges in managing this issue. Therefore, understanding the gender-specific implications is essential for developing effective treatments and public health strategies to mitigate the impact of lead-related health problems. This study examined the effects of intermittent and permanent lead exposure on both male and female animals, assessing behaviours like anxiety, locomotor activity, and long-term memory, as well as molecular changes related to astrogliosis. Additionally, physiological and autonomic evaluations were performed, focusing on baro- and chemoreceptor reflexes. The study's findings revealed that permanent lead exposure has more severe health consequences, including hypertension, anxiety, and reactive astrogliosis, affecting both genders. However, males exhibit greater cognitive, behavioural, and respiratory changes, while females are more susceptible to chemoreflex hypersensitivity. In contrast, intermittent lead exposure leads to hypertension and reactive astrogliosis in both genders. Still, females are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment, increased respiratory frequency, and chemoreflex hypersensitivity, while males show more reactive astrocytes in the hippocampus. Overall, this research emphasizes the importance of not only investigating different types of lead exposure but also considering gender differences in toxicity when addressing this public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Shvachiy
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (L.S.); (T.F.O.)
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.R.)
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ângela Amaro-Leal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Filipa Machado
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Isabel Rocha
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.R.)
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (L.S.); (T.F.O.)
- Max Planck Institute for Natural Science, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Scientific Employee with an Honorary Contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vera Geraldes
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.R.)
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
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Shvachiy L, Geraldes V, Outeiro TF. Uncovering the Molecular Link Between Lead Toxicity and Parkinson's Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:321-335. [PMID: 36641635 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions around the world. The etiology of PD remains unknown, but environmental and occupational exposures to heavy metals are likely at play, and may impact the severity of the disease. Lead is a toxin known to affect many organs in the body throughout life, particularly the central nervous system. Recent Advances: In this study, we summarize and examine the evidence for such environmental and/or occupational exposures, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms associated with lead exposure and its potential contribution to the onset of parkinsonism in PD. In particular, populational studies suggest higher bone and blood lead levels are associated with increased risk of PD. Interestingly, low levels of lead exposure in the very early stages of life cause increase the production of alpha-synuclein protein in animal models. Critical Issues: Although the specific mechanisms underlying this association have not been fully assessed, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are likely implicated and may explain the toxic effects that connect lead exposure to parkinsonism. Future Directions: Additional pre-clinical and clinical studies should be performed in order to further document the molecular link between lead toxicity and PD, as this may open novel perspectives in terms of disease prevention. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 321-335.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Shvachiy
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera Geraldes
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Scientific Employee with an Honorary Contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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Li S, Yang C, Yi X, Wei R, Aschner M, Jiang Y, Ou S, Yao C. Effects of Sub-chronic Lead Exposure on Essential Element Levels in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:282-293. [PMID: 35133610 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), a corrosion-resistant heavy non-ferrous metal, is one of the most common environmental neurotoxic metals. The effects of Pb on other essential metal elements are contradictory. Therefore, this in vivo study addressed the effects of sub-chronic Pb exposure on the distribution of other divalent metals, exploring the relationships between Pb levels in blood, teeth, bones, hair, and brain tissues. Thirty-two healthy male C57BL/6 mice received intragastric administration (i.g.) with 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg Pb acetate, once a day for 8 weeks. Levels of Pb and other metal elements [including iron(Fe), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and calcium(Ca)] in the whole blood, teeth, the right thighbone, hair, and brain tissues (including cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus) were detected with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Pb levels in all detected organs were increased after Pb-exposed for 8 weeks. The results of relationship analysis between Pb levels in the tissues and lifetime cumulative Pb exposure (LCPE) showed that Pb levels in the blood, bone, and hair could indirectly reflect the Pb accumulation in the murine brain. These measures might serve as valuable biomarkers for chronic Pb exposure reflective of the accumulation of Pb in the central nervous system (CNS). Sub-chronic Pb exposure for 8 weeks altered Ca, Cu, Fe, and Zn levels, but no effects were noted on Mg levels in any of the analyzed tissues. Pb decreased Ca in teeth, Cu in thighbone and teeth, Zn in whole blood and hair, and Fe in hair. In contrast, Pb increased Ca levels in corpus striatum and hypothalamus, Cu levels in striatum, Zn levels in teeth, and Fe levels in hippocampus, thighbone, and teeth. The Pb-induced changes in metal ratios in various tissues may serve as valuable biomarkers for chronic Pb exposure as they are closely related to the accumulations of Pb in the murine CNS. The results suggest that altered distribution of several essential metal elements may be involved in Pb-induced neurotoxicity. Additional studies should address the interaction between Pb and essential metal elements in the CNS and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Li
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Chun Yang
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ruokun Wei
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shiyan Ou
- Teaching and Research Section of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chaocong Yao
- Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery, Hezhou People's Hospital, No. 150 Xiyue Rd, Hezhou, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Owumi SE, Adedara IA, Otunla MT, Owoeye O. Influence of furan and lead co-exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on neurobehavioral performance, redox-regulatory system and apoptotic responses in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104011. [PMID: 36396074 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Furan and lead are contaminants of global concern due to the potential public health threat associated with their exposure. Herein, the neurobehavioral performance, biochemical effects and histological alterations associated with co-exposure to furan (8 mg/kg) and lead acetate at low, environmentally realistic concentrations (1, 10 and 100 µg PbAc/L) for 28 uninterrupted days were investigated in rats. The results demonstrated that locomotor, motor and exploratory deficits associated with separate exposure to furan and lead was exacerbated in the co-exposed rats. Furan and lead co-exposure aggravated the marked decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity and antioxidant status, elevation in oxido-inflammatory stress indices and caspases activation in the cerebrum and cerebellum of exposed rats compared with control. Furan and lead co-exposure worsened neuronal degeneration as verified by histomorphometry and histochemical staining. Collectively, furan and lead acts together to exacerbate neurotoxicity via inhibition of cholinergic system, induction of oxido-inflammatory stress and caspases activation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Moses T Otunla
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olatunde Owoeye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Farace C, Fiorito G, Pisano A, Etzi F, Sabalic A, Fenu G, Asara Y, Solinas G, Madeddu R. Human tissue lead (Pb) levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5851-5859. [PMID: 35809130 PMCID: PMC9474539 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To combine the current scientific literature evidence and elucidate the differences of lead (Pb) bioaccumulation in human tissues by comparing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and healthy controls. METHODS We systematically searched for case-control studies on the association of Pb levels with ALS, in human cells, tissues, and body fluids (nervous tissue, muscle, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, skin appendages). Then, we performed a meta-analysis for all the tissues in which at least five case-control studies were available: whole blood (9 studies), serum/plasma (5 studies), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (6 studies). Differences between cases and controls were evaluated using standardized mean difference, and combined estimates were derived using random effect maximum likelihood (REML) meta-analyses. RESULTS Among 1734 records, we identified 46 full-text studies, of which 14 case-control studies met the meta-analysis inclusion criteria. We found higher Pb levels in ALS cases than controls in blood (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20, 1.01; p = 0.003), plasma/serum (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI - 0.16, 0.70; p = 0.26), and CSF (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI - 0.09, 1.15; p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS This work provides further evidence of the association between Pb bioaccumulation and ALS in body fluids. The lack of association studies in solid tissues did not allow a robust meta-analysis. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify the causality in the association of Pb bioaccumulation with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystem, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Science-Hygiene, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Federica Etzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angela Sabalic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Yolande Asara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Science-Hygiene, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystem, Rome, Italy
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From Molecular to Functional Effects of Different Environmental Lead Exposure Paradigms. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081164. [PMID: 36009791 PMCID: PMC9405384 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Our comparative study brings new insights regarding the effects of environmental lead exposure on the cardiorespiratory and nervous systems. We show how various kinds of exposure can lead to different toxicities, with various degrees of nefarious effects. The developmental period is of utmost importance to the toxicity of environmental lead; however, we found that the duration of exposure is the prime reason for stronger effects, even though the dual effect of intermittent exposure causes greater molecular neuronal alterations. Abstract Lead is a heavy metal whose widespread use has resulted in environmental contamination and significant health problems, particularly if the exposure occurs during developmental stages. It is a cumulative toxicant that affects multiple systems of the body, including the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Chronic lead exposure has been defined as a cause of behavioral changes, inflammation, hypertension, and autonomic dysfunction. However, different environmental lead exposure paradigms can occur, and the different effects of these have not been described in a broad comparative study. In the present study, rats of both sexes were exposed to water containing lead acetate (0.2% w/v), from the fetal period until adulthood. Developmental Pb-exposed (DevPb) pups were exposed to lead until 12 weeks of age (n = 13); intermittent Pb exposure (IntPb) pups drank leaded water until 12 weeks of age, tap water until 20 weeks, and leaded water for a second time from 20 to 28 weeks of age (n = 14); and the permanent (PerPb) exposure group were exposed to lead until 28 weeks of age (n = 14). A control group (without exposure, Ctrl), matched in age and sex was used. After exposure protocols, at 28 weeks of age, behavioral tests were performed for assessment of anxiety (elevated plus maze test), locomotor activity (open-field test), and memory (novel object recognition test). Metabolic parameters were evaluated for 24 h, and the acute experiment was carried out. Blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram, and heart (HR) and respiratory (RF) rates were recorded. Baroreflex gain, chemoreflex sensitivity, and sympathovagal balance were calculated. Immunohistochemistry protocol for NeuN, Syn, Iba-1, and GFAP staining was performed. All Pb-exposed groups showed hypertension, concomitant with a decrease in baroreflex gain and chemoreceptor hypersensitivity, without significant changes in HR and RF. Long-term memory impairment associated with reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, indicating the presence of neuroinflammation, was also observed. However, these alterations seemed to reverse after lead abstinence for a certain period (DevPb) and were enhanced when a second exposure occurred (IntPb), along with a synaptic loss. These results suggest that the duration of Pb exposure is more relevant than the timing of exposure, since the PerPb group presented more pronounced effects and a significant increase in the LF and HF bands and anxiety levels. In summary, this is the first study with the characterization and comparison of physiological, autonomic, behavioral, and molecular changes caused by different low-level environmental lead exposures, from the fetal period to adulthood, where the duration of exposure was the main factor for stronger adverse effects. These kinds of studies are of immense importance, showing the importance of the surrounding environment in health from childhood until adulthood, leading to the creation of new policies for toxicant usage control.
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Li ZC, Wang LL, Zhao YS, Peng DJ, Chen J, Jiang SY, Zhao L, Aschner M, Li SJ, Jiang YM. Sodium para-aminosalicylic acid ameliorates lead-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis by suppressing the activation of the IP 3R-Ca 2+-ASK1-p38 signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113829. [PMID: 36068756 PMCID: PMC9452829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a naturally occurring heavy metal, which can damage the brain and affect learning and memory. Sodium para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, can readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Our previous studies have found that PAS-Na alleviated Pb-induced hippocampal ultrastructural damage and neurodegeneration, but the mechanism has yet to be defined. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that mediate Pb-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons, and the efficacy of PAS-Na in alleviating its effects. This work showed that juvenile developmental Pb exposure impaired rats cognitive ability by inducing apoptotic cell death in hippocampal neurons. Pb-induced neuronal apoptosis was accompanied by increased inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) expression and enhanced intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i levels, which resulted in increased phosphorylation of neuronal apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and p38. Activation of ASK1 and p38 was blocked by IP3R inhibitor and a Ca2+ chelator. Importantly, PAS-Na treatment improved the Pb-induced effects on cognitive deficits in rats, concomitant with rescued neuronal apoptosis. In addition, PAS-Na reduced the expression of IP3R and the ensuing increase in intracellular Ca2+ and decreased the phosphorylation of ASK1 and p38 in Pb-exposed neurons. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the IP3R-Ca2+-ASK1-p38 signaling pathway mediates Pb-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons, and that PAS-Na, at a specific dose-range, ameliorates these changes. Collectively, this study sheds novel light on the cellular mechanisms that mediate PAS-Na efficacy, laying the groundwork for future research to examine the treatment potential of PAS-Na upon Pb poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Cong Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yue-Song Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dong-Jie Peng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Si-Yang Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Shao-Jun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Boskabady M, Ghorani V, Beigoli S, Boskabady MH. The effects of environmental lead on teeth and bone status and the mechanisms of these effects, animal and human evidence, a review. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2026398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzie Boskabady
- Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahideh Ghorani
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Beigoli
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Bandaru LJM, Ayyalasomayajula N, Murumulla L, Challa S. Mechanisms associated with the dysregulation of mitochondrial function due to lead exposure and possible implications on the development of Alzheimer's disease. Biometals 2022; 35:1-25. [PMID: 35048237 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a multimedia contaminant with various pathophysiological consequences, including cognitive decline and neural abnormalities. Recent findings have reported an association of Pb toxicity with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological characteristic of AD. According to toxicology reports, Pb promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress by lowering complex III activity in the electron transport chain, boosting reactive oxygen species formation, and reducing the cell's antioxidant defence system. Here, we review recent advances in the role of mitochondria in Pb-induced AD pathology, as well as the mechanisms associated with the mitochondrial dysfunction, such as the depolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening; mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics and mitochondrial dynamics alterations; and mitophagy and apoptosis. We also discuss possible therapeutic options for mitochondrial-targeted neurodegenerative disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Jaya Madhuri Bandaru
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Neelima Ayyalasomayajula
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Lokesh Murumulla
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Challa
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
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12
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Li N, Cui N, Qiao M, Shen Y, Cheng Y, Song L, Huang X, Li L. The effects of lead exposure on the expression of IGF1R, IGFBP3, Aβ40, and Aβ42 in PC12 cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126877. [PMID: 34678598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of lead exposure and IGF1R inhibitor AG1024 on the expression of IGF1R and IGFBP3 in PC12 cells. It is clear that the mechanism of the related proteins inducing AD is regulated by them, thus providing theoretical guidance for the prevention and treatment of lead poisoning. METHODS This study is mainly used PC12 neuron cell to cultivate and establish a corresponding lead exposure model, deal with cells with different concentrations of lead acetate respectively, divide the experiment into control group, 1 μmoL/L PbAc, 10 μmoL/L PbAc group, IGF1R inhibitor (AG1024) group, IGF1R inhibitor group (AG1024) + 1 μmoL/L PbAc group, IGF1R inhibitor group (AG1024) + 10 μmoL/L PbAc group, respective contamination's three periods of time 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Lead exposure dose on cell proliferation was examined by MTT. The protein expression of IGF1R and IGFBP3 in PC12 cells were tested by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, The expression of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in cell supernatant was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the proliferation of the cells in the high-dose lead-exposed group was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05), and the expression of IGF1R and IGFBP3 was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); the contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were not statistically significant among the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study shows that lead can obviously down-regulate the expression of IGF1R and IGFBP3, lead and inhibitor can inhibit the proliferation of cells, promote the tendency of apoptosis, and damage the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Ningning Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mingwu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yue Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yongxia Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xianqing Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Li Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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13
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Abd Wahil MS, Ja’afar MH, Md Isa Z. Assessment of Urinary Lead (Pb) and Essential Trace Elements in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Case-Control Study Among Preschool Children in Malaysia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:97-121. [PMID: 33661472 PMCID: PMC7930527 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal which is abundant in the environment and known to cause neurotoxicity in children even at minute concentration. However, the trace elements calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) are essential to children due to its protective effect on neurodevelopment. The primary objective of this study was to assess the role of Pb and trace elements in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among preschool children. A total of 81 ASD children and 74 typically developed (TD) children aged between 3 and 6 years participated in the study. Self-administered online questionnaires were completed by the parents. A first-morning urine sample was collected in a sterile polyethene urine container and assayed for Pb, Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Comparisons between groups revealed that the urinary Pb, Mg, Zn and Fe levels in ASD children were significantly lower than TD children. The odds of ASD reduced significantly by 5.0% and 23.0% with an increment of every 1.0 μg/dL urinary Zn and Fe, respectively. Post interaction analysis showed that the odds of ASD reduced significantly by 11.0% and 0.1% with an increment of every 1.0 μg/dL urinary Zn and Pb, respectively. A significantly lower urinary Pb level in ASD children than TD children may be due to their poor detoxifying mechanism. Also, the significantly lower urinary Zn and Fe levels in ASD children may augment the neurotoxic effect of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahrol Abd Wahil
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hasni Ja’afar
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaleha Md Isa
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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14
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Su P, Wang D, Cao Z, Chen J, Zhang J. The role of NLRP3 in lead-induced neuroinflammation and possible underlying mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117520. [PMID: 34182382 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation induced by lead exposure (Pb) is a major cause of neurotoxicity of Pb in the central nervous system (CNS). The NLR family, domain of pyrin containing 3 (NLRP3) involves in various neurological diseases, while the question of whether NLRP3 plays a role in lead-induced neuroinflammation has not yet been reported. METHODS Developmental and knockout (KO) NLRP3 mice were used to establish two in vivo models, and BV2 cells were used to establish an in vitro model. Behavioral and electrophysiologic tests were used to assess the neurotoxicity of Pb, and immunofluorescence staining was used to assess neuroinflammation. Real-time PCR and western blot were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasomes. siRNA technology was used to block NLRP3 expression. RESULTS Pb exposure led to neural injure and microglial activation in the hippocampus region, while minocycline intervention attenuated Pb-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Pb increased the expression of NLRP3 and promoted cleavage of caspase-1 in mRNA and protein levels, and minocycline partially reversed the effects of Pb on NLRP3 inflammasomes. Blocking of NLRP3 by KO mice or siRNA attenuated neural alterations induced by Pb, weakened microglial activation in vivo and in vitro as well, without affecting the accumulation of Pb. Pb increased autophagic protein levels and phosphorylation of NF-κB, while suppressing autophagy or NF-κB inhibited Pb's effects on NLRP3. CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 is involved in the regulation of Pb-induced neurotoxicity. These findings expand mechanism research of Pb neurotoxicity and may help establish new prevention strategies for Pb neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Su
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Diya Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zipeng Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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15
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Hsu CY, Chuang YC, Chang FC, Chuang HY, Chiou TTY, Lee CT. Disrupted Sleep Homeostasis and Altered Expressions of Clock Genes in Rats with Chronic Lead Exposure. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9090217. [PMID: 34564368 PMCID: PMC8473409 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9090217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is one of the neurobehavioral complications of lead neurotoxicity. The present study evaluated the impacts of chronic lead exposure on alteration of the sleep–wake cycle in association with changes of clock gene expression in the hypothalamus. Sprague–Dawley rats with chronic lead exposure consumed drinking water that contained 250 ppm of lead acetate for five weeks. Electroencephalography and electromyography were recorded for scoring the architecture of the sleep–wake cycle in animals. At six Zeitgeber time (ZT) points (ZT2, ZT6, ZT10, ZT14, ZT18, and ZT22), three clock genes, including rPer1, rPer2, and rBmal1b, were analyzed. The rats with chronic lead exposure showed decreased slow wave sleep and increased wakefulness in the whole light period (ZT1 to ZT12) and the early dark period (ZT13 to ZT15) that was followed with a rebound of rapid-eye-movement sleep at the end of the dark period (ZT22 to ZT24). The disturbance of the sleep–wake cycle was associated with changes in clock gene expression that was characterized by the upregulation of rPer1 and rPer2 and the feedback repression of rBmal1b. We concluded that chronic lead exposure has a negative impact on the sleep–wake cycle in rats that predominantly disrupts sleep homeostasis. The disruption of sleep homeostasis was associated with a toxic effect of lead on the clock gene expression in the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yao Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Chung Chuang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chia Chang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Terry Ting-Yu Chiou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Chang-Gang Kidney Research Center, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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16
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Eiró LG, Ferreira MKM, Frazão DR, Aragão WAB, Souza-Rodrigues RD, Fagundes NCF, Maia LC, Lima RR. Lead exposure and its association with neurological damage: systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37001-37015. [PMID: 34046839 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic and abundant elements in the earth's crust, which is pointed out that the intoxication caused by it may damage biological systems. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between Pb exposure and neurological damage. This work was executed according to PRISMA guidelines, and seven online databases were consulted. Based on the PECO strategy, studies presenting humans as participants (populations) exposed to Pb (exposure) compared to non-exposed to Pb (control) evaluating the neurological impairment (outcome) were included. The quality and risk of bias were verified by Fowkes and Fulton checklist. Two meta-analyses were conducted considering Digit Symbol and Profile Mood tests. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated with the GRADE tool. This review identified 2019 studies, of which 12 were eligible according to the inclusion criteria. Eight were considered with a low risk of bias. All the studies elected showed that exposure to Pb is associated with neurological damage, but the meta-analysis did not show any difference for the evaluated tests, and the certainty of the evidence was considered very low. Nevertheless, the included studies showed that Pb occupational exposure is associated with neurological damage, and the main parameters evaluated for possible neurological damage were related to mnemonic aspects, reaction time, intelligence, attention disorders, and mood changes. Thus, our results revealed that a definitive demonstration of an association of Pb and neurological changes in humans is still a pending issue. Future studies should take into consideration more confident methods to answer this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Guimarães Eiró
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Déborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Renata Duarte Souza-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
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17
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Zeng X, Xu C, Xu X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Huo X. Elevated lead levels in relation to low serum neuropeptide Y and adverse behavioral effects in preschool children with e-waste exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:129380. [PMID: 33383249 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As a neurotoxicant, lead (Pb) primarily affects central nervous system, and particularly impacts developing brain. This study explores the associations of blood Pb level and children's behavioral health. A total of 213 preschool children aged 3-7 years old were recruited from Guiyu (the e-waste-exposed area) and Haojiang (the reference area). The behavioral health of children was assessed using the 'behavioral symptoms' subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results showed that there was a significant difference in percent of children categorized as "at risk" between Guiyu (48.2%) and Haojiang (13.9%) (p < 0.001). The blood Pb level of children in Guiyu was significantly higher than those in Haojiang (median: 5.19 μg/dL vs. 3.42 μg/dL, p < 0.001). The serum Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was significantly lower in Guiyu children than those in Haojiang. Spearman correlation analyses demonstrated that blood Pb levels was negatively correlated with NPY (rs = -0.25, p < 0.001), but positively correlated with behavioral symptom scores; while serum NPY levels were negatively associated with behavioral symptom scores. Behavioral symptom scores were higher in children with blood Pb level ≥5.00 μg/dL (high) than those with blood Pb level < 5.00 μg/dL (low). After adjusting for confounding factors, children with lower NPY levels were at higher risk of having behavioral difficulties. In conclusion, Pb exposure in e-waste-exposed areas may lead to decrease in serum NPY and increase in the risk of children's behavioral problems. In addition, NPY may mediate the association between Pb exposure and behavioral difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713, GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Hoseinrad H, Shahrestanaki JK, Moosazadeh Moghaddam M, Mousazadeh A, Yadegari P, Afsharzadeh N. Protective Effect of Vitamin D3 Against Pb-Induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:687-696. [PMID: 33400182 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a known toxic heavy metal which accumulates in different tissues and causes oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. The brain tissue is considered as one of the most vulnerable organs to the Pb-induced toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of vitamin D3 (VD) supplementation against the damages caused by chronic Pb toxicity in the cerebral cortex. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups and were treated as follows: control group received no treatment, VD group received 1000 IU/kg of VD by intramuscular injection every other day, Pb group received 1000 mg/L of Pb in drinking water, and Pb + VD group received VD and Pb simultaneously. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks and the analyses were conducted 24 h after the last administrations. The obtained results demonstrated that Pb significantly increased cortical lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. At the same time, there was a significant reduction in glutathione (GSH) content, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as a significant increase in the tissue level of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, Pb increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Anyhow, VD administration during the period of Pb exposure suppressed the OS and inflammation by increasing the antioxidant molecules and decreasing the inflammatory cytokines and consequently repaired Pb-induced cortical tissue damages. Remarkably, these responses were concomitant with the alterations in Nrf2 and NF-κB gene expressions. In conclusion, the present study discloses the potential protective effects for VD against Pb-induced neurotoxicity via anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Hoseinrad
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Pouya Yadegari
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Zhu G, Zhu Q, Zhang W, Hui C, Li Y, Yang M, Pang S, Li Y, Xue G, Chen H. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 is regulated through heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in lead exposure models. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:1-16. [PMID: 33576715 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1854596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity plays an important role in learning and memory in the developing hippocampus. However, the precise molecular mechanism in lead exposure models remains to be studied. UCP2, an inner mitochondrial anion carrier, regulates synaptic plasticity through uncoupling neurons. And hnRNP K, an RNA binding protein, plays a role in modulating the expression of transcripts coding synaptic plasticity. We aim to investigate whether lead exposure affects UCP2 and hnRNP K expression levels. The Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to different lead acetate concentrations (0 g/l, 0.5 g/l, 2.0 g/l) during gestational and lactational periods. PC12 cells were also exposed to different lead acetate concentrations (0 μM, 1 μM and 100 μM). We found that the expression levels of UCP2 and hnRNP K had significant declines in the lead exposure rat hippocampus and PC12 cells. Furthermore, the up-regulation of hnRNP K expression level could reverse the expression level of UCP2 in lead exposure models. In conclusion, these results suggest that lead exposure can reduce the expression level of UCP2 which is mediated by decreasing the expression level of hnRNP K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochun Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Chen Hui
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Queen Mary College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Meiyuan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Shimin Pang
- Second Clinical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yaobing Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Guoyong Xue
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
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20
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Long X, Sun F, Wang Z, Liu T, Gong J, Kan X, Zou Y, Zhao X. Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC08 protects rats from lead-induced oxidative damage by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:6029-6044. [PMID: 34037025 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this experiment, Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC08 (LF-CQPC08) isolated from traditionally fermented pickles was used to study its mitigation effect on lead acetate-induced oxidative stress and lead ion adsorption capacity in rats. In vitro experiments showed that the survival rate in artificial gastric juice and the growth efficiency in artificial bile salt of LF-CQPC08 was 93.6% ± 2.2% and 77.2% ± 0.8%, and the surface hydrophobicity rate was 45.5% ± 0.3%. The scavenging rates of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were 47.8% ± 0.9%, 63.9% ± 1.2%, and 83.6% ± 1.5%, respectively, and the reduction power was 107.3 ± 2.8 μmol L-1. LF-CQPC08 could not only adsorb 76.9% ± 1.0% lead ions in aqueous solution but also reduce the lead content in serum, liver, kidneys, and brain tissue of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, as well as maintain the cell structure and tissue state of the liver and kidneys. In addition, by examining the indicators of inflammation and oxidation in the serum, liver, and kidneys of SD rats, we found that LF-CQPC08 can reduce the proinflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1 beta (1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma in the body, increase the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase and glutathione levels in serum and organ tissues, and reduce the production of reactive oxygen species and accumulation of lipid peroxide malondialdehyde. LF-CQPC08 can also activate the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway to promote high-level expression of the downstream antioxidants heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H : quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS). As food-grade lactic acid bacteria, LF-CQPC08 has great potential and research value in removing heavy metals from food and alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Long
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China. and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - Fengjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Tongji Liu
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
| | - Jianjun Gong
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
| | - Xuemei Kan
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
| | - Yujie Zou
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
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Ali W, Mao K, Zhang H, Junaid M, Xu N, Rasool A, Feng X, Yang Z. Comprehensive review of the basic chemical behaviours, sources, processes, and endpoints of trace element contamination in paddy soil-rice systems in rice-growing countries. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122720. [PMID: 32387828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice is the leading staple food for more than half of the world's population, and approximately 160 million hectares of agricultural area worldwide are under rice cultivation. Therefore, it is essential to fulfil the global demand for rice while maintaining food safety. Rice acts as a sink for potentially toxic metals such as arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) in paddy soil-rice systems due to the natural and anthropogenic sources of these metals that have developed in the last few decades. This review summarizes the sources and basic chemical behaviours of these trace elements in the soil system and their contamination status, uptake, translocation, and accumulation mechanisms in paddy soil-rice systems in major rice-growing countries. Several human health threats are significantly associated with these toxic and potentially toxic metals not only due to their presence in the environment (i.e., the soil, water, and air) but also due to the uptake and translocation of these metals via different transporters. Elevated concentrations of these metals are toxic to plants, animals, and even humans that consume them regularly, and the uniform deposition of metals causes a severe risk of bioaccumulation. Furthermore, the contamination of rice in the global rice trade makes this a critical problem of worldwide concern. Therefore, the global consumption of contaminated rice causes severe human health effects that require rapid action. Finally, this review also summarizes the available management/remediation measures and future research directions for addressing this critical issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Atta Rasool
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Zhugen Yang
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
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22
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Pulscher LA, Gray R, McQuilty R, Rose K, Welbergen J, Phalen DN. Investigation into the utility of flying foxes as bioindicators for environmental metal pollution reveals evidence of diminished lead but significant cadmium exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126839. [PMID: 32361016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to their large range across diverse habitats, flying-foxes are potential bioindicator species for environmental metal exposure. To test this hypothesis, blood spots, urine, fur, liver and kidney samples were collected from grey-headed flying-foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus) and black flying-foxes (P. alecto) from the Sydney basin, Australia. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc and 11 other trace metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. As predicted, kidney and fur lead concentrations were lower compared to concentrations found in flying-foxes in the early 1990's, due to reduced environmental lead emissions. Tissue cadmium concentrations in flying-foxes were higher compared to previous studies of flying-foxes and other bat species, suggesting that flying-foxes were exposed to unrecognized cadmium sources. Identification of these sources should be a focus of future research. Urine concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead were proportional to kidney concentrations. Given that urine can be collected from flying-foxes without handling, this demonstrates that many flying-foxes can be assessed for metal exposure with relative ease. The analysis of blood spots was not viable because of variable metal concentrations in the filter paper used. Fur concentrations of metals correlated poorly with tissue concentrations at the low levels of metals found in this study, but fur could still be a useful sample if flying-foxes are exposed to high levels of metals. Lastly, heat inactivation had minimal impact on metal concentrations in kidney and liver samples and should be considered as a tool to protect personnel working with biohazardous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Pulscher
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rachael Gray
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Robert McQuilty
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Level 7 Building 65, Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Karrie Rose
- Australian Registry of Wildlife Health, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Bradleys Head Road, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, Queensland 4814, Australia.
| | - Justin Welbergen
- Hawksbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753 Australia.
| | - David N Phalen
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Mella-Raipán J, Romero-Parra J, Recabarren-Gajardo G. DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Heroin and Desomorphine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3905-3927. [PMID: 32568519 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are arguably one of the most important pharmacologic classes, mainly due to their rich history, their useful and potent analgesic effects, and also, just as importantly, their "Dark Side", constituted by their reinforcing properties that have led countless of users to a spiral of addiction, biological dependence, tolerance, withdrawal syndromes, and death. Among the most significant abused and addictive known opioids are heroin and desomorphine, both synthetic derivatives of morphine that belong to the 4,5-epoxymorphinan structural chemical group of the opioid family drugs. These agents share not only structural, pharmacological, and epidemiological features but also a common geographical distribution. A drop in Afghan heroin production and its "exports" to Russia gave rise to widespread consumption of desomorphine in ex-Soviet republics during the first decade of the 21st century, representing an economical and accessible alternative for misusers to this sort of derivative. Herein we review the state of the art of history, chemistry and synthesis, pharmacology, and impact on society of these "cursed cousins".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Mella-Raipán
- Instituto de Quı́mica y Bioquı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaı́so, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaı́so 2360102, Chile
- Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena, Universidad de Valparaı́so,, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaı́so 2360102, Chile
| | - Javier Romero-Parra
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica y Fisicoquı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Casilla
233, 8380492 Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory, BHSL, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Quı́mica y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile,, Marcoleta 391, 8330024 Santiago, Chile
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24
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Meng Y, Tang C, Yu J, Meng S, Zhang W. Exposure to lead increases the risk of meningioma and brain cancer: A meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 60:126474. [PMID: 32146339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between environmental lead exposure and various types of brain tumors. METHODS Search databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as of July 1, 2019. Stata 15.0 software was used for analysis. RESULTS In the case control, lead exposure was associated with gliomas and meningiomas 0.82 (95 % CI: 0.69, 0.95) and 1.06 (95 % CI: 0.65, 1.46). In the cohort study, lead exposure was associated with brain cancer and meningiomas 1.07 (95 % CI: 0.95, 1.19) and 1.06 (95 % CI: 0.94, 1.17). The risk of childhood brain tumors associated with parental lead exposure was 1.17 (95 % CI: 0.99, 1.34). CONCLUSIONS Lead may be a risk factor for meningiomas and brain cancers. However, the glioma results suggest that lead may be a protective factor, which needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- School of Medicine, College of Arts & Science of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Caoli Tang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Shiyao Meng
- School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Wanying Zhang
- School of Medicine, College of Arts & Science of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430000, China.
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25
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Li HB, Li MY, Zhao D, Li J, Li SW, Juhasz AL, Basta NT, Luo YM, Ma LQ. Oral Bioavailability of As, Pb, and Cd in Contaminated Soils, Dust, and Foods based on Animal Bioassays: A Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10545-10559. [PMID: 31442034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal contamination in soil, dust, and food matrices impacts the health of millions of people worldwide. During the past decades, various animal bioassays have been developed to determine the relative bioavailability (RBA) of As, Pb, and Cd in contaminated soils, dust, and foods, which vary in operational approaches. This review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of different animal models (swine and mice), dosing schemes (single gavage dose, repeated gavage dose, daily repeated feeding, and free access to diet), and end points (blood, urine, and tissue) in metal-RBA measurement; compares metal-RBA obtained using mouse and swine bioassays, different dosing schemes, and different end points; and summarizes key findings on As-, Pb-, and Cd-RBA values in contaminated soils, dust, and foods. Future directions related to metal-RBA research are highlighted, including (1) comparison of metal-RBA determinations between different bioassays and different laboratories to ensure robust bioavailability data, (2) enhancing the metal-RBA database for contaminated dust and foods, (3) identification of physiological and physicochemical mechanisms responsible for variability in metal-RBA values, (4) formulation of strategies to decrease metal-RBA values in contaminated soils, dust, and foods, and (5) assessing the impacts of cocontaminants on metal-RBA measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Meng-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Geography and Environment , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250358 , China
| | - Shi-Wei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Albert L Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute , University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , South Australia 5095 , Australia
| | - Nicholas T Basta
- School of Environment and Natural Resources , Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210
| | - Yong-Ming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation , Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008 , China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
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26
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The Neuroprotective Role of Coenzyme Q10 Against Lead Acetate-Induced Neurotoxicity Is Mediated by Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Activities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162895. [PMID: 31412628 PMCID: PMC6720293 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposure, in lead (Pb) particularly, is associated with severe neuronal impairment though oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants may be used to abolish these adverse effects. This study investigated the potential neuroprotective role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against lead acetate (PbAc)-induced neurotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups (n = 7) and treated as follows: the control group was injected with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl); the CoQ10 group was injected with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg); PbAc group was injected with PbAc (20 mg/kg); PbAc + CoQ10 group was injected first with PbAc, and after 1 h with CoQ10. All groups were injected intraperitoneally for seven days. PbAc significantly increased cortical lipid peroxidation, nitrate/nitrite levels, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and decreased glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activity and mRNA expression, as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and homoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. PbAc also promoted the secretion of interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α, inhibited interleukin-10 production, triggered the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, and suppressed anti-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, PbAc increased the cortical levels of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate, and decreased the level of ATP. However, treatment with CoQ10 rescued cortical neurons from PbAc-induced neurotoxicity by restoring the balance between oxidants and antioxidants, activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppressing inflammation, inhibiting the apoptotic cascade, and modulating cortical neurotransmission and energy metabolism. Altogether, our findings indicate that CoQ10 has beneficial effects against PbAc-induced neuronal damage through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuromodulatory activities.
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27
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Zhu G, Dai B, Chen Z, He L, Guo J, Dan Y, Liang S, Li G. Effects of chronic lead exposure on the sympathoexcitatory response associated with the P2X7 receptor in rat superior cervical ganglia. Auton Neurosci 2019; 219:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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28
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Bihaqi SW. Early life exposure to lead (Pb) and changes in DNA methylation: relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:187-195. [DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent advances in neuroepigenetics have revealed its essential role in governing body function and disease. Epigenetics regulates an array of mechanisms that are susceptible to undergoing alteration by intracellular or extracellular factors. DNA methylation, one of the most extensively studied epigenetic markers is involved in the regulation of gene expression and also plays a vital role in neuronal development. The epigenome is most vulnerable during early the embryonic stage and perturbation in DNA methylation during this period can result in a latent outcome which can persist during the entire lifespan. Accumulating evidence suggests that environmental insults during the developmental phase can impart changes in the DNA methylation landscape. Based on reports on human subjects and animal models this review will explore the evidence on how developmental exposure of the known environmental pollutant, lead (Pb), can induce changes in the DNA methylation of genes which later can induce development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Waseem Bihaqi
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience , University of Rhode Island , Avedisian Hall, Lab: 390, 7 Greenhouse Road , Kingston, RI 02881 , USA
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29
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Lu S, Yang X, Wang C, Chen S, Lu S, Yan W, Xiong K, Liu F, Yan J. Current status and potential role of circular RNAs in neurological disorders. J Neurochem 2019; 150:237-248. [PMID: 31099046 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of non-coding RNAs in modulating normal brain functions and their implications in the treatment of neurological disorders, non-coding RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have shown great clinical potential. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as potentially important players in this field. Recent studies have indicated that circRNAs might play vital roles in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic brain injury, and neurotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of action of circRNAs have not been fully characterized. We aimed to review recent advances in circRNA research in the brain to provide new insights on the roles of circRNAs in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weitao Yan
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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30
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Tamegart L, Abbaoui A, El Khiat A, Bouyatas MM, Gamrani H. Altered nigrostriatal dopaminergic and noradrenergic system prompted by systemic lead toxicity versus a treatment by curcumin-III in the desert rodent Meriones shawi. C R Biol 2019; 342:192-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Davis B, McDermott S, McCarter M, Ortaglia A. Population-based mortality data suggests remediation is modestly effective in two Montana Superfund counties. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:803-816. [PMID: 30140965 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of living in proximity to Superfund sites with ongoing remediation were evaluated for residents of two contiguous Montana counties, Deer Lodge and Silver Bow. Deer Lodge and Silver Bow are home to the Anaconda Smelter and Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund sites, respectively. Established by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1983, both sites have had ongoing remediation for decades. Employing county level death certificate data obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER site, sex and age-adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for composite targeted causes of death were calculated using observed versus expected mortality for both counties, and compared to the expected mortality from the remaining Montana counties. Cancers, cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases (CCVD), and organ failure were elevated for the two counties during the study period, 2000-2016, with SMRs of 1.19 (95% CI 1.10, 1.29); 1.36 (95% CI 1.29, 1.43); and 1.24 (95% CI 1.10, 1.38), respectively. Neurological conditions were not elevated for the two counties (SMR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.89, 1.14). Time trend analyses performed using Cox regression models indicate that deaths from cancers (HR = 0.97; p = 0.0004), CCVDs (HR = 0.95; p ≤ 0.0001), and neurological conditions (HR = 0.97; p = 0.01) decreased over the study period. While the ecological approach applied limits the interpretation of our results, our study suggests that while mortality is elevated, it is also decreasing over time for these two Superfund sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Davis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S McDermott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - M McCarter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - A Ortaglia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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32
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Abbaoui A, Tamegart L, Gamrani H. Animal Models of Intoxication by Metal Elements: A Focus on Neurobehavioral Injuries. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2011:133-142. [PMID: 31273698 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9554-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Well-functioning of fundamental life processes and human body required metal elements especially essential elements like copper, zinc, magnesium, etc. However, other elements are very toxic for physiological functions including lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Recently, cumulative investigations have interested in the role of metal elements in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders especially anxiety and depression. Models of intoxication have been established to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of metal element exposure via acute and chronic intoxication by metals levels in rats. This method makes available a means to recognize the association between the element level in water, diet, or serum and psychiatric dysfunctions. It allows also to assess the neurobehavioral injuries of metals in animal models and may provide a new window to understand the role metals play in the development of mood and psychiatric disorders.the role metals play in the development of mood and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Abbaoui
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Tamegart
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
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33
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Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Al-Sheyab NA, Azab MA, Massadeh AM, Alomary AA, Eissenberg TE. Plasma and saliva levels of three metals in waterpipe smokers: a case control study. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:224-228. [PMID: 30257114 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1500663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this case-control study, the influence of waterpipe tobacco smoking on the plasma and saliva levels of cadmium, lead and zinc was examined in participants who were waterpipe tobacco smokers (WS) or never-smokers (NS). The concentration of metals was higher in WS relative to NS. The mean (SEM) cadmium concentration in plasma was 3.3 (0.18) µg/dL in WS versus 0.82 (0.09) µg/L in NS (p < .001) and in saliva was 5.1 (0.36) µg/L in WS versus 0.64 (0.2) µg/L in NS (p < .001). The mean (SEM) lead concentration in plasma was 5.2 (0.25) µg/dL in WS versus 3.4 (0.41) µg/dL in NS (p < .01) and in saliva was 4.8 (0.58) µg/L in WS versus 2.8 (0.27) µg/L in NS (p < .05). Similarly, a significant difference in zinc concentration was observed, with a mean of 2.0 (0.17) µg/mL in WS plasma versus 1.49 (0.16) µg/mL in NS (p < .05) and a mean 0.94 (0.07) µg/mL in WS saliva versus 0.45 (0.06) µg/mL in NS (p < .01). In conclusion, waterpipe tobacco smoking is associated with elevated levels of metals in body fluids. These results provide another demonstration of how waterpipe tobacco smoking exposes smokers to harmful toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- b Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Nihaya A Al-Sheyab
- c Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Azab
- d Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , The Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Adnan M Massadeh
- e Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Ahmed A Alomary
- f Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , Yarmouk University , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Thomas E Eissenberg
- g Department of Psychology , Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
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Abstract
Elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and tau hyperphosphorylation. However, the gaps in our knowledge of the roles of COX-2 and PGs in AD have not been filled. Here, we summarized the literature showing that COX-2 dysregulation obviously influences abnormal cleavage of β-amyloid precursor protein, aggregation and deposition of Aβ in β-amyloid plaques and the inclusion of phosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, neurotoxicity, autophagy, and apoptosis have been assessed to elucidate the mechanisms of COX-2 regulation of AD. Notably, an imbalance of these factors ultimately produces cognitive decline. The current review substantiates our understanding of the mechanisms of COX-2-induced AD and establishes foundations for the design of feasible therapeutic strategies to treat AD.-Guan, P.-P., Wang, P. Integrated communications between cyclooxygenase-2 and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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A protease-free and signal-on electrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of lead ion based on GR-5 DNAzyme and catalytic hairpin assembly. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Salari S, Bahrami A, Ghamari F, Shahna FG. Multivariate optimization of the hollow fiber-based liquid phase microextraction of lead in human blood and urine samples using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lead Affects Vitamin D Metabolism in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030264. [PMID: 29495376 PMCID: PMC5872682 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A negative association between blood lead and vitamin D concentrations has been reported, however, experimental data on the effect of lead (Pb) on vitamin D metabolism is scarce. We investigated the effects of Pb on serum vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D activating enzymes and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in rats. Newborn Wistar rat pups were exposed to 0.2% Pb-acetate via their dams’ drinking water from post-natal day (PND) 1 to 21 and directly in drinking water until PND30. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was analyzed with LC-MS/MS and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D with an immunoassay. Tissue expression of vitamin D activating enzymes and VDR were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly decreased at both PND21 and PND30, whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was decreased (p < 0.05) only at PND21 in the Pb-exposed rats. Expression of renal 1-α-hydroxylase was decreased by Pb only at PND21 (p < 0.05) but the brain 1-α-hydroxylase was not affected. Hepatic 25-hydroxylase expression was significantly decreased at PND21 but significantly increased at PND30 by Pb exposure. VDR expression in the brain was increased at both PND21 and PND30 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that Pb interferes with vitamin D metabolism by affecting the expression of its metabolizing enzymes.
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de Souza ID, de Andrade AS, Dalmolin RJS. Lead-interacting proteins and their implication in lead poisoning. Crit Rev Toxicol 2018; 48:375-386. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1429387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iara Dantas de Souza
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Abraão Silveira de Andrade
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliani Siqueira Dalmolin
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry – CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Shores DR, Everett AD. Children as Biomarker Orphans: Progress in the Field of Pediatric Biomarkers. J Pediatr 2018; 193:14-20.e31. [PMID: 29031860 PMCID: PMC5794519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darla R Shores
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Allen D Everett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Liu X, Su P, Meng S, Aschner M, Cao Y, Luo W, Zheng G, Liu M. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (MMP2/9) in lead-induced changes in an in vitro blood-brain barrier model. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1351-1360. [PMID: 29209140 PMCID: PMC5715519 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.20670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a well-known neurotoxicant and a risk factor for neurologic disorders. The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays an important role in the maintenance of optimal brain function. BBB is a target of Pb, and studies have shown that Pb induced barrier loss and decreased the expression of tight junction proteins, but the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important components of extracellular matrix proteasome and can affect the remodeling and degradation of tight junction (TJ). The role of MMP-2/9 in Pb-induced damage of BBB is not known. In our study, we used an in vitro BBB model by co-culturing human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (ECV304 cells) with rat glioma cells (C6 cells), and detected the expression of related TJ proteins and MMP-2/9. Our results showed that Pb increased the permeability of the in vitro BBB model, and stimulating C6 cells with Pb could decrease the protein level of ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1) and occludin in ECV304 cells. Pb could increase the mRNA and protein level of MMP-2/9 in C6 cells, and inhibition of MMP-2/9 by SB-3CT could partially alleviate Pb-induced down-regulation of TJ proteins in ECV304 cells and Pb-induced barrier damage in the in vitro BBB model. Our research established potential therapeutic targets for modulating and preserving optimal BBB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqin Liu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Su
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shanshan Meng
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yupeng Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mingchao Liu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Associations between lead concentrations and cardiovascular risk factors in U.S. adolescents. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9121. [PMID: 28831128 PMCID: PMC5567237 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding the effects of environmental lead exposure on cardiovascular risk factors in the adolescent population. We studied 11,662 subjects included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2012. Blood lead levels were analysed for their association with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). Regression coefficients (Beta) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of blood lead in association with CVRF (e.g., total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting glucose, glycohemoglobin, fasting insulin, and blood pressure) were estimated using multivariate and generalized linear regression after adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, serum cotinine, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and household income. We identified a strong positive association between blood lead (coefficient = 0.022, 95% CI 0.003, 0.041; P = 0.022) and LDL-cholesterol in adolescents (age 12–19 years). However, no associations with other CVRFs were found in the overall population. In the generalized linear models, participants with the highest lead levels demonstrated a 1.87% (95% CI 0.73%, 3.02%) greater increase in serum LDL-cholesterol (p for trend = 0.031) when compared to participants with the lowest lead levels. These results provide epidemiological evidence that low levels of blood lead are positively associated with LDL-cholesterol in the adolescent population.
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Zhou S, Luoma SE, St. Armour GE, Thakkar E, Mackay TFC, Anholt RRH. A Drosophila model for toxicogenomics: Genetic variation in susceptibility to heavy metal exposure. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006907. [PMID: 28732062 PMCID: PMC5544243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic factors that give rise to variation in susceptibility to environmental toxins remain largely unexplored. Studies on genetic variation in susceptibility to environmental toxins are challenging in human populations, due to the variety of clinical symptoms and difficulty in determining which symptoms causally result from toxic exposure; uncontrolled environments, often with exposure to multiple toxicants; and difficulty in relating phenotypic effect size to toxic dose, especially when symptoms become manifest with a substantial time lag. Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model that enables genome-wide studies for the identification of allelic variants that contribute to variation in susceptibility to environmental toxins, since the genetic background, environmental rearing conditions and toxic exposure can be precisely controlled. Here, we used extreme QTL mapping in an outbred population derived from the D. melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel to identify alleles associated with resistance to lead and/or cadmium, two ubiquitous environmental toxins that present serious health risks. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in resistance to both heavy metals as well as SNPs associated with resistance specific to each of them. The effects of these SNPs were largely sex-specific. We applied mutational and RNAi analyses to 33 candidate genes and functionally validated 28 of them. We constructed networks of candidate genes as blueprints for orthologous networks of human genes. The latter not only provided functional contexts for known human targets of heavy metal toxicity, but also implicated novel candidate susceptibility genes. These studies validate Drosophila as a translational toxicogenomics gene discovery system. Although physiological effects of environmental toxins are well documented, we know little about the genetic factors that determine individual variation in susceptibility to toxins. Such information is difficult to obtain in human populations due to heterogeneity in genetic background and environmental exposure, and the diversity of symptoms and time lag with which they appear after toxic exposure. Here, we show that the fruit fly, Drosophila, can serve as a powerful genetic model system to elucidate the genetic underpinnings that contribute to individual variation in resistance to toxicity, using lead and cadmium exposure as an experimental paradigm. We identified genes that harbor genetic variants that contribute to individual variation in resistance to heavy metal exposure. Furthermore, we constructed genetic networks on which we could superimpose human counterparts of Drosophila genes. We were able to place human genes previously implicated in heavy metal toxicity in biological context and identify novel targets for heavy metal toxicity. Thus, we demonstrate that based on evolutionary conservation of fundamental biological processes, we can use Drosophila as a powerful translational model for toxicogenomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- Program in Genetics, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Luoma
- Program in Genetics, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Genevieve E. St. Armour
- Program in Genetics, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Esha Thakkar
- Enloe Magnet High School, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Trudy F. C. Mackay
- Program in Genetics, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert R. H. Anholt
- Program in Genetics, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hsieh NH, Chung SH, Chen SC, Chen WY, Cheng YH, Lin YJ, You SH, Liao CM. Anemia risk in relation to lead exposure in lead-related manufacturing. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:389. [PMID: 28476140 PMCID: PMC5420139 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lead-exposed workers may suffer adverse health effects under the currently regulated blood lead (BPb) levels. However, a probabilistic assessment about lead exposure-associated anemia risk is lacking. The goal of this study was to examine the association between lead exposure and anemia risk among factory workers in Taiwan. Methods We first collated BPb and indicators of hematopoietic function data via health examination records that included 533 male and 218 female lead-exposed workers between 2012 and 2014. We used benchmark dose (BMD) modeling to estimate the critical effect doses for detection of abnormal indicators. A risk-based probabilistic model was used to characterize the potential hazard of lead poisoning for job-specific workers by hazard index (HI). We applied Bayesian decision analysis to determine whether BMD could be implicated as a suitable BPb standard. Results Our results indicated that HI for total lead-exposed workers was 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.50–1.26) with risk occurrence probability of 11.1%. The abnormal risk of anemia indicators for male and female workers could be reduced, respectively, by 67–77% and 86–95% by adopting the suggested BPb standards of 25 and 15 μg/dL. Conclusions We conclude that cumulative exposure to lead in the workplace was significantly associated with anemia risk. This study suggests that current BPb standard needs to be better understood for the application of lead-exposed population protection in different scenarios to provide a novel standard for health management. Low-level lead exposure risk is an occupational and public health problem that should be paid more attention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4315-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Hung Hsieh
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Shun-Hui Chung
- Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, New Taipei City, 22143, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40242, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40242, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Yi-Jun Lin
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Su-Han You
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Min Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC.
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Desomorphine (Krokodil): An overview of its chemistry, pharmacology, metabolism, toxicology and analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 173:59-68. [PMID: 28199917 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Krokodil" or "Crocodile" is an illegal homemade desomorphine drug obtained from chemical reactions of commercial codeine drugs with several other powerful and highly toxic chemical agents increasing its addiction and hallucinogenic effects when compared with other morphine analogues. METHODS This paper summarizes a complete review about an old drug called desomorphine (Krokodil), presenting its chemistry, pharmacology, metabolism, toxicology and analysis. RESULTS It is of particular interest and concern because this cheaper injectable semisynthetic opioid drug has been largely used in recent years for recreational purposes in several Eastern European as well as North and South American countries, despite known damage to health that continuous use might induce. These injuries are much stronger and more aggressive than morphine's, infecting and rotting skin and soft tissue to the bone of addicts at the point of injection in less than three years, which, in most cases, evolves to death. On this basis, it is imperative that literature reviews focus on the chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and analysis of dangerous Krokodil to find strategies for rapid and effective determination to mitigate its adverse effects on addicts and prevent consumption. CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to know the symptoms and consequences of the use of Krokodil, as well as METHODS: for identification and quantification of desomorphine, contaminants and metabolites, which can help the forensic work of diagnosis and propose actions to control and eradicate this great danger to public health around the world.
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Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors among Preschool Children in a Lead Polluted Area in Taizhou, China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4934198. [PMID: 28466011 PMCID: PMC5390650 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4934198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To determine the blood lead levels and identify related risk factors among preschool children in a lead polluted area (Taizhou, China) and provide theoretical support for prevention of lead pollution. Methods. A stratified-clustered-random sampling method was used to determine the survey sample. Blood lead levels were determined by the tungsten atomizer absorption spectrophotometer. Results. A total of 2,018 subjects (average age of 59 months; 1,087 boys and 931 girls) were included. The arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and median blood lead levels of the preschool children were 56.4 μg/L, 48.9 μg/L, and 46 μg/L. A total of 8.8% children had blood lead levels >100 μg/L and 43.9% had blood lead levels >50 μg/L. Mother's education level, father's occupation, decorative tableware, exposure to makeup, and the residential floor were all risk factors for elevated blood lead levels (odds ratios of 1.42, 1.21, 1.11, 1.19, and 1.27, resp.), while hand washing before eating food was a protective factor (odds ratio of 0.88). Conclusions. The blood lead levels of preschool children in Taizhou were higher than in other areas in China and in developed countries. Therefore, policies ensuring lead-based industries are not placed in close proximity to residential areas are required.
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Association between NAT2 polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia in a Northern Chinese Han population. Psychiatr Genet 2017; 27:71-75. [PMID: 28187106 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The gene that encodes N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of many drugs and xenobiotics, is located on chromosome 8p22, one of the most convictive susceptibility loci of schizophrenia. NAT2 genetic polymorphisms lead to various enzyme acetylation phenotypes. In the present study, six selected NAT2 exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in an independent case-control sample of a Northern Chinese Han population to verify the possible association between NAT2 and schizophrenia. Three (rs1801280T/341C, rs1799930/G590A, and rs1208/A803G) of the six single nucleotide polymorphisms showed significant allele frequency differences between the case and the control groups after rigorous Bonferroni correction. One protective fast-acetylation haplotype (NAT2*4) and two risk slow acetylation haplotypes (NAT2*5B and NAT2*6A) were discovered to be associated with schizophrenia. Our results indicate that NAT2 may be a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in this Chinese Han population, and the risk haplotypes might cause the impairment of NAT2 in metabolizing neurotoxic substances.
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Meng H, Wang L, He J, Wang Z. The Protective Effect of Gangliosides on Lead (Pb)-Induced Neurotoxicity Is Mediated by Autophagic Pathways. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:365. [PMID: 27023584 PMCID: PMC4847027 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutant and can affect intelligence development and the learning ability and memory of children. Therefore, necessary measures should be taken to protect the central nervous system (CNS) from Pb toxicity. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids that are constituents of mammalian cell membranes and are more abundantly expressed in the CNS. Studies have shown that gangliosides constitute a useful tool in the attempt to promote functional recovery of CNS and can reverse Pb-induced impairments of synaptic plasticity in rats. However, the detailed mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. In our present study, we tried to investigate the role of gangliosides in Pb-induced injury in hippocampus neurons and to further confirm the detailed mechanism. Our results show that Pb-induced injuries in the spatial reference memory were associated with a reduction of cell viability and cell apoptosis, and treatment with gangliosides markedly ameliorated the Pb-induced injury by inhibition of apoptosis action. Gangliosides further attenuated Pb-induced the abnormal autophagic process by regulation of mTOR pathways. In summary, our study establishes the efficacy of gangliosides as neuroprotective agents and provides a strong rationale for further studies on the underlying mechanisms of their neuroprotective functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Meng
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Hospital of the Armed Police Force, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Hospital of the Armed Police Force, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Junhong He
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Hospital of the Armed Police Force, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Zhufeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Hospital of the Armed Police Force, Xi'an 710054, China.
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Guyot E, Solovyova Y, Tomkiewicz C, Leblanc A, Pierre S, El Balkhi S, Le Frère-Belda MA, Lecuru F, Poupon J, Barouki R, Aggerbeck M, Coumoul X. Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Normal and Pathological Human Endometrial Biopsies and In Vitro Regulation of Gene Expression by Metals in the Ishikawa and Hec-1b Endometrial Cell Line. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142590. [PMID: 26600472 PMCID: PMC4657954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that several metals, such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and vanadium, can mimic the effects of estrogens (metallo-estrogens). Nevertheless, there are only a few studies that have assessed the effects of toxic metals on the female genital tract and, in particular, endometrial tissue. In this context, we measured the concentrations of several trace elements in human endometrial tissue samples from individuals with hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma and in normal tissues. Hyperplasic endometrial tissue has a 4-fold higher concentration of mercury than normal tissue. Mercury can affect both the AhR and ROS signaling pathways. Thus, we investigated the possible toxic effects of mercury by in vitro studies. We found that mercury increases oxidative stress (increased HO1 and NQO1 mRNA levels) and alters the cytoskeleton in the human endometrial Ishikawa cell line and to a lesser extent, in the "less-differentiated" human endometrial Hec-1b cells. The results might help to explain a potential link between this metal and the occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Guyot
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Yevgeniya Solovyova
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Institute of Urgent and Recovery Surgery named after V.K. Gusak of the Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Donetsk; 47, avenue Leninsky, Donetsk- 83045, Ukraine
| | - Céline Tomkiewicz
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Alix Leblanc
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pierre
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Souleiman El Balkhi
- Laboratoire de toxicologie biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aude Le Frère-Belda
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique et cancérologique, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lecuru
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique et cancérologique, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Joël Poupon
- Laboratoire de toxicologie biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, service de biochimie métabolique, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris, France
| | - Martine Aggerbeck
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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49
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Barbieri FL, Gardon J, Ruiz-Castell M, Paco V. P, Muckelbauer R, Casiot C, Freydier R, Duprey JL, Chen CM, Müller-Nordhorn J, Keil T. Toxic trace elements in maternal and cord blood and social determinants in a Bolivian mining city. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2015; 26:158-74. [PMID: 26179629 PMCID: PMC4733940 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2015.1061114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed lead, arsenic, and antimony in maternal and cord blood, and associations between maternal concentrations and social determinants in the Bolivian mining city of Oruro using the baseline assessment of the ToxBol/Mine-Niño birth cohort. We recruited 467 pregnant women, collecting venous blood and sociodemographic information as well as placental cord blood at birth. Metallic/semimetallic trace elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Lead medians in maternal and cord blood were significantly correlated (Spearman coefficient = 0.59; p < 0.001; 19.35 and 13.50 μg/L, respectively). Arsenic concentrations were above detection limit (3.30 μg/L) in 17.9% of maternal and 34.6% of cord blood samples. They were not associated (Fischer's p = 0.72). Antimony medians in maternal and cord blood were weakly correlated (Spearman coefficient = 0.15; p < 0.03; 9.00 and 8.62 μg/L, respectively). Higher concentrations of toxic elements in maternal blood were associated with maternal smoking, low educational level, and partner involved in mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia L. Barbieri
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), La Paz, Bolivia
- Servicios de Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud (SELADIS), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Berlin School of Public Health (BSPH), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacques Gardon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), La Paz, Bolivia
- Servicios de Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud (SELADIS), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Maison des Sciences de l’eau, Montpellier, France
| | - María Ruiz-Castell
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), La Paz, Bolivia
- Servicios de Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud (SELADIS), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHUQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Pamela Paco V.
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), La Paz, Bolivia
- Servicios de Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud (SELADIS), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Rebecca Muckelbauer
- Berlin School of Public Health (BSPH), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinne Casiot
- Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Maison des Sciences de l’eau, Montpellier, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maison des Sciences de l’eau, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémi Freydier
- Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Maison des Sciences de l’eau, Montpellier, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maison des Sciences de l’eau, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Louis Duprey
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), La Paz, Bolivia
- Laboratorio de Calidad Ambiental (LCA), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Instituto de Ecología, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Chih-Mei Chen
- Berlin School of Public Health (BSPH), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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50
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Su P, Zhao F, Cao Z, Zhang J, Aschner M, Luo W. Mir-203-mediated tricellulin mediates lead-induced in vitro loss of blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) function. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1185-94. [PMID: 25975750 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) plays a critical role in the maintenance of optimal brain function. Tricellulin (TRIC), a protein localized at the tricellular contact sites of epithelial cells is involved in the formation of tight junctions in various epithelial barriers. However, little is known about its expression in the choroidal epithelial cells. It is well established that lead (Pb) exposure increases the leakage of the BCB. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression and localization of TRIC in choroidal epithelial cells in vitro and whether altered TRIC expression mediates Pb-induced loss of barrier function. We found that TRIC protein and mRNA were expressed in choroidal epithelial cells in vitro and TRIC was localized at the tricellular contacts, colocalizing with occludin. Downregulation of TRIC by siRNA increased the BCB permeability corroborated by altered transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-dextran flux. Treatment with 10μM Pb reduced TRIC protein expression, but overexpression of TRIC alleviated the Pb-induced increase in BCB permeability. Bioinformatics analysis showed that mir-203 was a potential microRNA (miRNA) binding motif on TRIC 3'UTR, and that Pb exposure increased the expression of mir-203. Treatment with a mir-203 inhibitor increased TRIC protein expression and attenuated the Pb-induced BCB leakage. Our results establish that TRIC plays an important role in regulating BCB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Su
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zipeng Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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