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Zheng H, Haroon K, Liu M, Hu X, Xu Q, Tang Y, Wang Y, Yang GY, Zhang Z. Monomeric CXCL12-Engineered Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Transplantation for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:792. [PMID: 38255866 PMCID: PMC10815250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) possess therapeutic potential for ischemic brain injury, and the chemokine CXCL12 has been shown to enhance their functional properties. However, the cumulative effects of ASCs when combined with various structures of CXCL12 on ischemic stroke and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we genetically engineered mouse adipose-derived ASCs with CXCL12 variants and transplanted them to the infarct region in a mice transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model of stroke. We subsequently compared the post-ischemic stroke efficacy of ASC-mCXCL12 with ASC-dCXCL12, ASC-wtCXCL12, and unmodified ASCs. Neurobehavior recovery was assessed using modified neurological severity scores, the hanging wire test, and the elevated body swing test. Changes at the tissue level were evaluated through cresyl violet and immunofluorescent staining, while molecular level alterations were examined via Western blot and real-time PCR. The results of the modified neurological severity score and cresyl violet staining indicated that both ASC-mCXCL12 and ASC-dCXCL12 treatment enhanced neurobehavioral recovery and mitigated brain atrophy at the third and fifth weeks post-tMCAO. Additionally, we observed that ASC-mCXCL12 and ASC-dCXCL12 promoted angiogenesis and neurogenesis, accompanied by an increased expression of bFGF and VEGF in the peri-infarct area of the brain. Notably, in the third week after tMCAO, the ASC-mCXCL12 exhibited superior outcomes compared to ASC-dCXCL12. However, when treated with the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100, the beneficial effects of ASC-mCXCL12 were reversed. The AMD3100-treated group demonstrated worsened neurological function, aggravated edema volume, and brain atrophy. This outcome is likely attributed to the interaction of monomeric CXCL12 with CXCR4, which regulates the recruitment of bFGF and VEGF. This study introduces an innovative approach to enhance the therapeutic potential of ASCs in treating ischemic stroke by genetically engineering them with the monomeric structure of CXCL12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zheng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Khan Haroon
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mengdi Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qun Xu
- Health Management Center, Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital of Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China;
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yongting Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (H.Z.); (K.H.); (M.L.); (X.H.); (Y.T.); (Y.W.)
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Lyu F, Burzynski C, Fang YY, Tal A, Chen AY, Kisa J, Agrawal K, Kluger Y, Taylor HS, Tal R. Maternal CXCR4 deletion results in placental defects and pregnancy loss mediated by immune dysregulation. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172216. [PMID: 37815869 PMCID: PMC10721256 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 is a key regulator of the development of NK cells and DCs, both of which play an important role in early placental development and immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. However, the role of CXCR4 in pregnancy is not well understood. Our study demonstrates that adult-induced global genetic CXCR4 deletion, but not uterine-specific CXCR4 deletion, was associated with increased pregnancy resorptions and decreased litter size. CXCR4-deficient mice had decreased NK cells and increased granulocytes in the decidua, along with increased leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood. We found that CXCR4-deficient mice had abnormal decidual NK cell aggregates and NK cell infiltration into trophoblast areas beyond the giant cell layer. This was associated with low NK cell expression of granzyme B, a NK cell granule effector, indicative of NK cell dysfunction. Pregnancy failure in these mice was associated with abnormalities in placental vascular development and increased placental expression of inflammatory genes. Importantly, adoptive BM transfer of WT CXCR4+ BM cells into CXCR4-deficient mice rescued the reproductive deficits by normalizing NK cell function and mediating normal placental vascular development. Collectively, our study found an important role for maternal CXCR4 expression in immune cell function, placental development, and pregnancy maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Chase Burzynski
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Yuan yuan Fang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Aya Tal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Alice Y. Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Jacqueline Kisa
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Kriti Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Program of Applied Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Program of Applied Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hugh S. Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
| | - Reshef Tal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and
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3
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Hernández-Barrientos D, Pelayo R, Mayani H. The hematopoietic microenvironment: a network of niches for the development of all blood cell lineages. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:404-420. [PMID: 37386890 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) takes place mainly in the bone marrow, within the hematopoietic microenvironment, composed of a number of different cell types and their molecular products that together shape spatially organized and highly specialized microstructures called hematopoietic niches. From the earliest developmental stages and throughout the myeloid and lymphoid lineage differentiation pathways, hematopoietic niches play a crucial role in the preservation of cellular integrity and the regulation of proliferation and differentiation rates. Current evidence suggests that each blood cell lineage develops under specific, discrete niches that support committed progenitor and precursor cells and potentially cooperate with transcriptional programs determining the gradual lineage commitment and specification. This review aims to discuss recent advances on the cellular identity and structural organization of lymphoid, granulocytic, monocytic, megakaryocytic, and erythroid niches throughout the hematopoietic microenvironment and the mechanisms by which they interconnect and regulate viability, maintenance, maturation, and function of the developing blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hernández-Barrientos
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Onco-Immunology Laboratory, Eastern Biomedical Research Center, IMSS, Km 4.5 Atlixco-Metepec, 74360, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
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4
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Bakhtiyari M, Liaghat M, Aziziyan F, Shapourian H, Yahyazadeh S, Alipour M, Shahveh S, Maleki-Sheikhabadi F, Halimi H, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Pornour M. The role of bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression: immune checkpoints, metabolic checkpoints, and signaling pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37735675 PMCID: PMC10512514 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a multifarious and heterogeneous array of illnesses characterized by the anomalous proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). The BMM plays a pivotal role in promoting AML progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The immune checkpoints (ICs) and metabolic processes are the key players in this process. In this review, we delineate the metabolic and immune checkpoint characteristics of the AML BMM, with a focus on the roles of BMM cells e.g. tumor-associated macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, metabolic profiles and related signaling pathways. We also discuss the signaling pathways stimulated in AML cells by BMM factors that lead to AML progression. We then delve into the roles of immune checkpoints in AML angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation, including co-stimulatory and inhibitory ICs. Lastly, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches and future directions for AML treatment, emphasizing the potential of targeting metabolic and immune checkpoints in AML BMM as prognostic and therapeutic targets. In conclusion, the modulation of these processes through the use of directed drugs opens up new promising avenues in combating AML. Thereby, a comprehensive elucidation of the significance of these AML BMM cells' metabolic and immune checkpoints and signaling pathways on leukemic cells can be undertaken in the future investigations. Additionally, these checkpoints and cells should be considered plausible multi-targeted therapies for AML in combination with other conventional treatments in AML. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooriyeh Shapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheida Yahyazadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Shahveh
- American Association of Naturopath Physician (AANP), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fahimeh Maleki-Sheikhabadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Halimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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5
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Covens K, Verbinnen B, de Jong BG, Moens L, Wuyts G, Verheyen G, Nys K, Cremer J, Smulders S, Schrijvers R, Weinhäusel A, Vermeire S, Verschueren P, Langhe ED, van Dongen JJM, van Zelm MC, Bossuyt X. Plasma cells are not restricted to the CD27+ phenotype: characterization of CD27-CD43+ antibody-secreting cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1165936. [PMID: 37492569 PMCID: PMC10364057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating antibody-secreting cells are present in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals reflecting the continued activity of the humoral immune system. Antibody-secreting cells typically express CD27. Here we describe and characterize a small population of antibody-secreting class switched CD19+CD43+ B cells that lack expression of CD27 in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. In this study, we characterized CD27-CD43+ cells. We demonstrate that class-switched CD27-CD43+ B cells possess characteristics of conventional plasmablasts as they spontaneously secrete antibodies, are morphologically similar to antibody-secreting cells, show downregulation of B cell differentiation markers, and have a gene expression profile related to conventional plasmablasts. Despite these similarities, we observed differences in IgA and IgG subclass distribution, expression of homing markers, replication history, frequency of somatic hypermutation, immunoglobulin repertoire, gene expression related to Toll-like receptors, cytokines, and cytokine receptors, and antibody response to vaccination. Their frequency is altered in immune-mediated disorders. Conclusion we characterized CD27-CD43+ cells as antibody-secreting cells with differences in function and homing potential as compared to conventional CD27+ antibody-secreting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Covens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Biocartis, Research and Development, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Bert Verbinnen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomedical Laboratory Technology, Radius, Life Sciences and Chemistry, Thomas More Kempen, Geel, Belgium
| | - Britt G. de Jong
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Periodontology, ACTA, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leen Moens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inborn Errors of Immunity, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Wuyts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyen
- Biomedical Laboratory Technology, Radius, Life Sciences and Chemistry, Thomas More Kempen, Geel, Belgium
| | - Kris Nys
- Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Smulders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas Weinhäusel
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Ellen De Langhe
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacques J. M. van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC, USAL-CSIC-FICUS), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Menno C. van Zelm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Deng Y, Zhao Z, Sheldon M, Zhao Y, Teng H, Martinez C, Zhang J, Lin C, Sun Y, Yao F, Zhu H, Ma L. LIFR recruits HGF-producing neutrophils to promote liver injury repair and regeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.18.533289. [PMID: 36993315 PMCID: PMC10055204 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.533289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The molecular links between tissue repair and tumorigenesis remain elusive. Here, we report that loss of the liver tumor suppressor Lifr in mouse hepatocytes impairs the recruitment and activity of reparative neutrophils, resulting in the inhibition of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy or toxic injuries. On the other hand, overexpression of LIFR promotes liver repair and regeneration after injury. Interestingly, LIFR deficiency or overexpression does not affect hepatocyte proliferation ex vivo or in vitro . In response to physical or chemical damage to the liver, LIFR from hepatocytes promotes the secretion of the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 (which binds CXCR2 to recruit neutrophils) and cholesterol in a STAT3-dependent manner. Cholesterol, in turn, acts on the recruited neutrophils to secrete hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) to accelerate hepatocyte proliferation and regeneration. Altogether, our findings reveal a LIFR-STAT3- CXCL1-CXCR2 axis and a LIFR-STAT3-cholesterol-HGF axis that mediate hepatic damage- induced crosstalk between hepatocytes and neutrophils to repair and regenerate the liver.
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Expression of CD117 (c-Kit) on Circulating B Cells in Pediatric Schistosomiasis. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0016022. [PMID: 35862720 PMCID: PMC9387214 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00160-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Few B cells express CD27, the primary marker for memory B cells, in pediatric schistosomiasis, suggesting B cell malfunction. This study further demonstrates unexpected high expression of CD117 on circulating B cells in children highly exposed to Schistosoma mansoni infectious larvae. CD117 is expressed by immature or lymphoma B cells, but not by mature, circulating cells. We therefore sought to define the significance of CD117 on blood B cells. We found that CD117-positive (CD117+) B cells increased with the intensity of schistosome infection. In addition, CD117 expression was reduced on CD23+ B cells previously shown to correlate with resistance to infection. Stimulation with a panel of cytokines demonstrated that CD117 levels were upregulated in response to a combination of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand for CD117, whereas IL-2 led to a reduction. In addition, stimulation with SCF generally reduced B cell activation levels. Upon further investigation, it was established that multiple circulating cells expressed increased levels of CD117, including monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils, and expression levels correlated with that of B cells. Finally, we identified a population of large circulating cells with features of reticulocytes. Overall, our results suggest that hyperexposure to intravascular parasitic worms elicits immature cells from the bone marrow. Levels of SCF were shown to reduce as children began to transition through puberty. The study results pose an explanation for the inability of children to develop significant immunity to infection until after puberty.
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Lee KY, Choi HJ, Park KJ, Woo SJ, Kim YM, Han JY. Development and characterization of a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated RAG1 knockout chicken model lacking mature B and T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892476. [PMID: 36032098 PMCID: PMC9403712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although birds have been used historically as a model animal for immunological research, resulting in remarkable achievements, immune cell development in birds themselves has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we firstly generated an immunodeficient chicken model using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) knockout, to investigate avian-specific immune cell development. Unlike previously reported immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain knockout chickens, the proportion and development of B cells in both RAG1+/- and RAG1-/- embryos were significantly impaired during B cell proliferation (embryonic day 16 to 18). Our findings indicate that, this is likely due to disordered B cell receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling and interaction of CXC motif chemokine receptor (CXCR4) with CXCL12, resulting from disrupted Ig V(D)J recombination at the embryonic stage. Histological analysis after hatching showed that, unlike wild-type (WT) and RAG1+/- chickens, lymphatic organs in 3-week old RAG1-/- chickens were severely damaged. Furthermore, relative to WT chickens, RAG1+/- and RAG1-/- birds had reduced serum Igs, fewer mature CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Furthermore, BCR-mediated B cell activation in RAG1+/- chickens was insufficient, leading to decreased expression of the activation-induced deaminase (AID) gene, which is important for Ig gene conversion. Overall, this immunodeficient chicken model underlines the pivotal role of RAG1 in immature B cell development, Ig gene conversion during embryonic stages, and demonstrates the dose-dependent regulatory role of RAG1 during immune cell development. This model will provide ongoing insights for understanding chicken immune system development and applied in the fields of immunology and biomedical science.
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9
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Smith AL, Eiken AP, Skupa SA, Moore DY, Umeta LT, Smith LM, Lyden ER, D’Angelo CR, Kallam A, Vose JM, Kutateladze TG, El-Gamal D. A Novel Triple-Action Inhibitor Targeting B-Cell Receptor Signaling and BRD4 Demonstrates Preclinical Activity in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6712. [PMID: 35743155 PMCID: PMC9224275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from intrinsic genetic defects and complex microenvironment stimuli that fuel CLL cell growth through an array of survival signaling pathways. Novel small-molecule agents targeting the B-cell receptor pathway and anti-apoptotic proteins alone or in combination have revolutionized the management of CLL, yet combination therapy carries significant toxicity and CLL remains incurable due to residual disease and relapse. Single-molecule inhibitors that can target multiple disease-driving factors are thus an attractive approach to combat both drug resistance and combination-therapy-related toxicities. We demonstrate that SRX3305, a novel small-molecule BTK/PI3K/BRD4 inhibitor that targets three distinctive facets of CLL biology, attenuates CLL cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. SRX3305 also inhibits the activation-induced proliferation of primary CLL cells in vitro and effectively blocks microenvironment-mediated survival signals, including stromal cell contact. Furthermore, SRX3305 blocks CLL cell migration toward CXCL-12 and CXCL-13, which are major chemokines involved in CLL cell homing and retention in microenvironment niches. Importantly, SRX3305 maintains its anti-tumor effects in ibrutinib-resistant CLL cells. Collectively, this study establishes the preclinical efficacy of SRX3305 in CLL, providing significant rationale for its development as a therapeutic agent for CLL and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L. Smith
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Alexandria P. Eiken
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Sydney A. Skupa
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Dalia Y. Moore
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Lelisse T. Umeta
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Lynette M. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (L.M.S.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Elizabeth R. Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (L.M.S.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Christopher R. D’Angelo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Avyakta Kallam
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Julie M. Vose
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Tatiana G. Kutateladze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Dalia El-Gamal
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
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10
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Fang YY, Lyu F, Abuwala N, Tal A, Chen AY, Taylor HS, Tal R. Chemokine C-X-C receptor 4 mediates recruitment of bone marrow-derived nonhematopoietic and immune cells to the pregnant uterus†. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:1083-1097. [PMID: 35134114 PMCID: PMC9198949 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells (BMDPCs) are mobilized to the circulation in pregnancy and get recruited to the pregnant decidua where they contribute functionally to decidualization and successful implantation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying BMDPCs recruitment to the decidua are unknown. CXCL12 ligand and its CXCR4 receptor play crucial roles in the mobilization and homing of stem/progenitor cells to various tissues. To investigate the role of CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in BMDPCs recruitment to decidua, we created transgenic GFP mice harboring CXCR4 gene susceptible to tamoxifen-inducible Cre-mediated ablation. These mice served as BM donors into wild-type C57BL/6 J female recipients using a 5-fluorouracil-based nongonadotoxic submyeloablation to achieve BM-specific CXCR4 knockout (CXCR4KO). Successful CXCR4 ablation was confirmed by RT-PCR and in vitro cell migration assays. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry showed a significant increase in GFP+ BM-derived cells (BMDCs) in the implantation site as compared to the nonpregnant uterus of control (2.7-fold) and CXCR4KO (1.8-fold) mice. This increase was uterus-specific and was not observed in other organs. This pregnancy-induced increase occurred in both hematopoietic (CD45+) and nonhematopoietic (CD45-) uterine BMDCs in control mice. In contrast, in CXCR4KO mice there was no increase in nonhematopoietic BMDCs in the pregnant uterus. Moreover, decidual recruitment of myeloid cells but not NK cells was diminished by BM CXCR4 deletion. Immunofluorescence showed the presence of nonhematopoietic GFP+ cells that were negative for CD45 (panleukocyte) and DBA (NK) markers in control but not CXCR4KO decidua. In conclusion, we report that CXCR4 expression in nonhematopoietic BMDPCs is essential for their recruitment to the pregnant decidua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fang Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nafeesa Abuwala
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aya Tal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alice Y Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Reshef Tal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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11
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IRF4 deficiency vulnerates B-cell progeny for leukemogenesis via somatically acquired Jak3 mutations conferring IL-7 hypersensitivity. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2163-2176. [PMID: 35459909 PMCID: PMC9613660 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The processes leading from disturbed B-cell development to adult B-cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) remain poorly understood. Here, we describe Irf4−/− mice as prone to developing BCP-ALL with age. Irf4−/− preB-I cells exhibited impaired differentiation but enhanced proliferation in response to IL-7, along with reduced retention in the IL-7 providing bone marrow niche due to decreased CXCL12 responsiveness. Thus selected, preB-I cells acquired Jak3 mutations, probably following irregular AID activity, resulting in malignant transformation. We demonstrate heightened IL-7 sensitivity due to Jak3 mutants, devise a model to explain it, and describe structural and functional similarities to Jak2 mutations often occurring in human Ph-like ALL. Finally, targeting JAK signaling with Ruxolitinib in vivo prolonged survival of mice bearing established Irf4−/− leukemia. Intriguingly, organ infiltration including leukemic meningeosis was selectively reduced without affecting blood blast counts. In this work, we present spontaneous leukemogenesis following IRF4 deficiency with potential implications for high-risk BCP-ALL in adult humans.
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12
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Nishioka R, Nishi Y, Choudhury ME, Miyaike R, Shinnishi A, Umakoshi K, Takada Y, Sato N, Aibiki M, Yano H, Tanaka J. Surgical stress quickly affects the numbers of circulating B-cells and neutrophils in murine septic and aseptic models through a β 2 adrenergic receptor. J Immunotoxicol 2022; 19:8-16. [PMID: 35232327 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2022.2029630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a pathology accompanied by increases in myeloid cells and decreases in lymphoid cells in circulation. In a murine sepsis model induced by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP), increasing numbers of neutrophils and decreasing levels of B-cells in circulation are among the earliest changes in the immune system. However, to date, the mechanisms for these changes remain to be elucidated. The study here sought to elucidate mechanisms underlying the changes in the leukocyte levels after CLP and also to determine what, if any, role for an involvement of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Here, male C57/BL6 mice were subjected to CLP or sham-CLP (abdominal wall incised, but cecum was not punctured). The changes in the number of circulating leukocytes over time were then investigated using flow cytometry. The results showed that a sham-CLP led to increased polymorphonuclear cells (PMN; most of which are neutrophils) and decreased B-cells in the circulation to an extent similar to that induced by CLP. Effects of adrenergic agonists and antagonists, as well as of adrenalectomy, were also examined in mice that underwent CLP or sham-CLP. Administering adrenaline or a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist (clenbuterol) to mice 3 h before sacrifice produced almost identical changes to as what was seen 2 h after performing a sham-CLP. In contrast, giving a β2 adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI118,551 1 h before a CLP or sham-CLP suppressed the expected changes 2 h after the operations. Noradrenaline and an α1 adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine did not exert significant effects. Adrenalectomy 24 h before a sham-CLP significantly abolished the expected sham-CLP-induced changes seen earlier. Clenbuterol increased splenocyte expression of Cxcr4 (a chemokine receptor gene); adrenalectomy abolished sham-CLP-induced Cxcr4 expression. A CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 repressed the sham-CLP-induced changes. From these results, it may be concluded that sepsis-induced activation of the SNS may be one cause for immune dysfunction in sepsis - regardless of the pathogenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Nishioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mohammed E Choudhury
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Riko Miyaike
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Ayataka Shinnishi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Kensuke Umakoshi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Advanced Emergency and Critical Care Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Norio Sato
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Mayuki Aibiki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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13
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Sreejit G, Nooti SK, Jaggers RM, Athmanathan B, Park KH, Al-Sharea A, Johnson J, Dahdah A, Lee MKS, Ma J, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Retention of the NLRP3 Inflammasome-Primed Neutrophils in the Bone Marrow Is Essential for Myocardial Infarction-Induced Granulopoiesis. Circulation 2022; 145:31-44. [PMID: 34788059 PMCID: PMC8716427 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (MI) results in overzealous production and infiltration of neutrophils to the ischemic heart. This is mediated in part by granulopoiesis induced by the S100A8/A9-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling axis in injury-exposed neutrophils. Despite the transcriptional upregulation of the NLRP3 (Nod Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3) inflammasome and associated signaling components in neutrophils, the serum levels of IL-1β (interleukin-1β), the effector molecule in granulopoiesis, were not affected by MI, suggesting that IL-1β is not released systemically. We hypothesize that IL-1β is released locally within the bone marrow (BM) by inflammasome-primed and reverse-migrating neutrophils. METHODS Using a combination of time-dependent parabiosis and flow cytometry techniques, we first characterized the migration patterns of different blood cell types across the parabiotic barrier. We next induced MI in parabiotic mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery and examined the ability of injury-exposed neutrophils to permeate the parabiotic barrier and induce granulopoiesis in noninfarcted parabionts. Last, using multiple neutrophil adoptive and BM transplant studies, we studied the molecular mechanisms that govern reverse migration and retention of the primed neutrophils, IL-1β secretion, and granulopoiesis. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. RESULTS MI promoted greater accumulation of the inflammasome-primed neutrophils in the BM. Introducing a time-dependent parabiotic barrier to the free movement of neutrophils inhibited their ability to stimulate granulopoiesis in the noninfarcted parabionts. Previous priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome is not a prerequisite, but the presence of a functional CXCR4 (C-X-C-motif chemokine receptor 4) on the primed-neutrophils and elevated serum S100A8/A9 levels are necessary for homing and retention of the reverse-migrating neutrophils. In the BM, the primed-neutrophils secrete IL-1β through formation of gasdermin D pores and promote granulopoiesis. Pharmacological and genetic strategies aimed at the inhibition of neutrophil homing or release of IL-1β in the BM markedly suppressed MI-induced granulopoiesis and improved cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a new paradigm of how circulatory cells establish a direct communication between organs by delivering signaling molecules (eg, IL-1β) directly at the sites of action rather through systemic release. We suggest that this pathway may exist to limit the off-target effects of systemic IL-1β release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sunil K Nooti
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert M Jaggers
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Baskaran Athmanathan
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Annas Al-Sharea
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jillian Johnson
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Albert Dahdah
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Man KS Lee
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Prabhakara R. Nagareddy
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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14
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Ichii M, Oritani K, Toda J, Hosen N, Matsuda T, Kanakura Y. Signal-transducing adaptor protein-1 and protein-2 in hematopoiesis and diseases. Exp Hematol 2021; 105:10-17. [PMID: 34780812 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and immune signals are involved in stressed hematopoiesis under myeloablation, infection, chronic inflammation, and aging. These signals also affect malignant pathogenesis, and the dysregulated immune environment which causes the resistance to treatment. On activation, various types of protein tyrosine kinases in the cytoplasm mediate the cascade, leading to the transcription of target genes in the nucleus. Adaptor molecules are commonly defined as proteins that lack enzymatic activity, DNA-binding or receptor functions and possess protein-protein or protein-lipid interaction domains. By binding to specific domains of signaling molecules, adaptor proteins adjust the signaling responses after the ligation of receptors of soluble factors, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors. The signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP) family regulates various intracellular signaling pathways. These proteins have a pleckstrin homology domain in the N-terminal region and an SRC-homology 2-like domain in the central region, representing typical binding structures as adapter proteins. Following the elucidation of the effects of STAPs on terminally differentiated immune cells, such as macrophages, T cells, mast cells, and basophils, recent findings have indicated the critical roles of STAP-2 in B-cell progenitor cells in marrow under hematopoietic stress and STAP-1 and -2 in BCR-ABL-transduced leukemogenesis. In this review, we focus on the role of STAPs in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Jun Toda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Kanakura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Czaja AJ. Review article: targeting the B cell activation system in autoimmune hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:902-922. [PMID: 34506662 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The B cell activation system, consisting of B cell activating factor and a proliferation-inducing ligand, may have pathogenic effects in autoimmune hepatitis. AIMS To describe the biological actions of the B cell activation system, indicate its possible role in autoimmune diseases, and evaluate its prospects as a therapeutic target in autoimmune hepatitis METHODS: English abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search terms. Full length articles were selected for review, and secondary and tertiary bibliographies were developed. RESULTS The B cell activating factor is crucial for the maturation and survival of B cells, and it can co-stimulate T cell activation, proliferation, and survival. It can also modulate the immune response by inducing interleukin 10 production by regulatory B cells. A proliferation-inducing ligand modulates and diversifies the antibody response by inducing class-switch recombination in B cells. It can also increase the proliferation, survival, and antigen activation of T cells. These immune stimulatory actions can be modulated by inducing proliferation of regulatory T cells. The B cell activation system has been implicated in diverse autoimmune diseases, and therapeutic blockade is a management strategy now being evaluated in autoimmune hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS The B cell activation system has profound effects on B and T cell function in autoimmune diseases. Blockade therapy is being actively evaluated in autoimmune hepatitis. Clarification of the critical pathogenic components of the B cell activation system will improve the targeting, efficacy, and safety of blockade therapy in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Czaja
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
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16
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Patel SA, Dalela D, Fan AC, Lloyd MR, Zhang TY. Niche-directed therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: optimization of stem cell competition for niche occupancy. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:10-18. [PMID: 34407733 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1966779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy of stem cell origin that contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. The long-term prognosis remains dismal given the high likelihood for primary refractory or relapsed disease. An essential component of relapse is resurgence from the bone marrow. To date, the murine hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche has been clearly defined, but the human HSC niche is less well understood. The design of niche-based targeted therapies for AML must account for which cellular subsets compete for stem cell occupancy within respective bone marrow microenvironments. In this review, we highlight the principles of stem cell niche biology and discuss translational insights into the AML microenvironment as of 2021. Optimization of competition for niche occupancy is important for the elimination of measurable residual disease (MRD). Some of these novel therapeutics are in the pharmacologic pipeline for AML and may be especially useful in the setting of MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam A Patel
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology & Oncology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Disha Dalela
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology & Oncology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Amy C Fan
- Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maxwell R Lloyd
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tian Y Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Lin YJ, Wei KC, Chen PY, Lim M, Hwang TL. Roles of Neutrophils in Glioma and Brain Metastases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:701383. [PMID: 34484197 PMCID: PMC8411705 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, which are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans, are the first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections. Recent studies have reported the role and importance of neutrophils in cancers. Glioma and brain metastases are the most common malignant tumors of the brain. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in the brain is complex and unique owing to the brain-blood barrier or brain-tumor barrier, which may prevent drug penetration and decrease the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, there are limited studies on the correlation between brain cancer and neutrophils. This review discusses the origin and functions of neutrophils. Additionally, the current knowledge on the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and prognosis of glioma and brain metastases has been summarized. Furthermore, the implications of tumor-associated neutrophil (TAN) phenotypes and the functions of TANs have been discussed. Finally, the potential effects of various treatments on TANs and the ability of neutrophils to function as a nanocarrier of drugs to the brain TME have been summarized. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the complex interactions between neutrophils, other immune cells, and brain tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jui Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kuo-Chen Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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18
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Campbell CA, Burdick MD, Strieter RM. Systemic Fibrocyte Levels and Keloid Expression of the Chemoattractant CXCL12 Are Upregulated Compared With Patients With Normal Scar. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 87:150-155. [PMID: 34253698 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrocytes are bone marrow mesenchymal precursors with a surface phenotype compatible with leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hematopoietic progenitors that have been shown to traffic to wound healing sites in response to described chemokine pathways. Keloids are focal fibrotic responses to cutaneous trauma characterized by disordered collagen, which may be associated with elevated systemic fibrocyte levels and/or wound bed chemokine expression. METHODS Blood specimens from patients with longstanding keloids and those who form grossly normal scars were assayed by fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis for fibrocytes (CD45+, Col I+). The expression of the fibrocyte chemotactic cell surface marker CXCR4, intracellular markers of fibroblast differentiation (pSMAD2/3), and plasma levels of the CXCR4 cognate CXCL12 were compared. Keloid specimens and grossly normal scars were excised, and local expression of CXCL12 was assayed. RESULTS Keloid-forming patients demonstrated a significantly greater number of circulating fibrocytes (17.4 × 105 cells/mL) than control patients (1.01 × 105 cells/mL, P = 0.004). The absolute number of fibrocytes expressing CXCR4 was significantly greater (P = 0.012) in keloid-forming patients. Systemic CXCL12 levels were insignificantly greater in keloid-forming patients than controls. Keloid specimens had significantly greater CXCL12 expression (529.3 pg/mL) than normal scar (undetectable). CONCLUSIONS Systemic fibrocyte levels and the CXCR4/CXCL12 biologic axis responsible for fibrocyte trafficking to areas of regional fibrosis were both upregulated in patients who form keloids compared with controls. Keloids persistently expressed CXLC12, which serves both as the main chemoattractant for fibrocytes and a downstream mediator for local inflammation, suggesting a role for this biologic axis in keloid formation and possibly recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert M Strieter
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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19
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Britton C, Poznansky MC, Reeves P. Polyfunctionality of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in health and disease: Implications for therapeutic interventions in cancer and immune-mediated diseases. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21260. [PMID: 33715207 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001273r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Historically the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its canonical ligand CXCL12 are associated with the bone marrow niche and hematopoiesis. However, CXCL12 exhibits broad tissue expression including brain, thymus, heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and bone marrow. CXCR4 can be considered as a node which is integrating and transducing inputs from a range of ligand-receptor interactions into a responsive and divergent network of intracellular signaling pathways that impact multiple cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and stress resistance. Dysregulation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis and consequent fundamental cellular processes, are associated with a panoply of disease. This review frames the polyfunctionality of the receptor at a molecular, physiological, and pathophysiological levels. Transitioning our perspective of this axis from a single gene/protein:single function model to a polyfunctional signaling cascade highlights the potential for finer therapeutic intervention and cautions against a reductionist approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Britton
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - P Reeves
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, England
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20
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Yee PP, Li W. Tumor necrosis: A synergistic consequence of metabolic stress and inflammation. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100029. [PMID: 33998010 PMCID: PMC8217290 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis is a common histological feature and poor prognostic predictor in various cancers. Despite its significant clinical implications, the mechanism underlying tumor necrosis remains largely unclear due to lack of appropriate pre-clinical modeling. We propose that tumor necrosis is a synergistic consequence of metabolic stress and inflammation, which lead to oxidative stress-induced cell death, such as ferroptosis. As a natural consequence of tumor expansion, tumor cells are inevitably stripped of vascular supply, resulting in deprivation of oxygen and nutrients. The resulting metabolic stress has commonly been considered the cause of tumor necrosis. Recent studies found that immune cells, such as neutrophils, when recruited to tumors, can directly trigger ferroptosis in tumor cells, suggesting that immune cells can be involved in amplifying tumor necrosis. This article will discuss potential mechanisms underlying tumor necrosis development and its impact on tumor progression as well as the immune response to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P. Yee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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21
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Diversity of Rainbow Trout Blood B Cells Revealed by Single Cell RNA Sequencing. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060511. [PMID: 34207643 PMCID: PMC8227096 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Although evolutionarily jawed fish constitute the first group of animals in which a complete adaptive immune system based on immunoglobulins (Igs) is present, many structural immune differences between fish and mammals predict important functional and phenotypical differences between B cells in these two animal groups. However, to date, very few tools are available to study B cell heterogeneity and functionality in fish. Hence, thus far, antibodies targeting the different Igs have been almost exclusively applied as tools to investigate B cell functionality in fish. In the current study, we used the newly developed 10× Genomics single cell RNA sequencing technology and used it to analyze the transcriptional pattern of single B cells from peripheral blood. The results obtained provide us with a transcriptional profile at single cell level of what seem to correspond to different B cell subsets or B cells in different stages of maturation or differentiation. The information provided will not only help us understand the biology of teleost B cells, but also provides us with a repertoire of potential markers that could be used in the future to differentiate trout B cell subsets. Abstract Single-cell sequencing technologies capable of providing us with immune information from dozens to thousands of individual cells simultaneously have revolutionized the field of immunology these past years. However, to date, most of these novel technologies have not been broadly applied to non-model organisms such as teleost fish. In this study, we used the 10× Genomics single cell RNA sequencing technology and used it to analyze for the first time in teleost fish the transcriptional pattern of single B cells from peripheral blood. The analysis of the data obtained in rainbow trout revealed ten distinct cell clusters that seem to be associated with different subsets and/or maturation/differentiation stages of circulating B cells. The potential characteristics and functions of these different B cell subpopulations are discussed on the basis of their transcriptomic profile. The results obtained provide us with valuable information to understand the biology of teleost B cells and offer us a repertoire of potential markers that could be used in the future to differentiate trout B cell subsets.
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Nash WT, Okusa MD. Chess Not Checkers: Complexities Within the Myeloid Response to the Acute Kidney Injury Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:676688. [PMID: 34124107 PMCID: PMC8187556 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.676688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune dysregulation in acute kidney injury (AKI) is an area of intense interest which promises to enhance our understanding of the disease and how to manage it. Macrophages are a heterogeneous and dynamic population of immune cells that carry out multiple functions in tissue, ranging from maintenance to inflammation. As key sentinels of their environment and the major immune population in the uninjured kidney, macrophages are poised to play an important role in the establishment and pathogenesis of AKI. These cells have a profound capacity to orchestrate downstream immune responses and likely participate in skewing the kidney environment toward either pathogenic inflammation or injury resolution. A clear understanding of macrophage and myeloid cell dynamics in the development of AKI will provide valuable insight into disease pathogenesis and options for intervention. This review considers evidence in the literature that speaks to the role and regulation of macrophages and myeloid cells in AKI. We also highlight barriers or knowledge gaps that need to be addressed as the field advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Nash
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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23
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Luker GD, Yang J, Richmond A, Scala S, Festuccia C, Schottelius M, Wester HJ, Zimmermann J. At the Bench: Pre-clinical evidence for multiple functions of CXCR4 in cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:969-989. [PMID: 33104270 PMCID: PMC8254203 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2bt1018-715rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling through chemokine receptor, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) regulates essential processes in normal physiology, including embryogenesis, tissue repair, angiogenesis, and trafficking of immune cells. Tumors co-opt many of these fundamental processes to directly stimulate proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. CXCR4 signaling contributes to critical functions of stromal cells in cancer, including angiogenesis and multiple cell types in the tumor immune environment. Studies in animal models of several different types of cancers consistently demonstrate essential functions of CXCR4 in tumor initiation, local invasion, and metastasis to lymph nodes and distant organs. Data from animal models support clinical observations showing that integrated effects of CXCR4 on cancer and stromal cells correlate with metastasis and overall poor prognosis in >20 different human malignancies. Small molecules, Abs, and peptidic agents have shown anticancer efficacy in animal models, sparking ongoing efforts at clinical translation for cancer therapy. Investigators also are developing companion CXCR4-targeted imaging agents with potential to stratify patients for CXCR4-targeted therapy and monitor treatment efficacy. Here, pre-clinical studies demonstrating functions of CXCR4 in cancer are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Luker
- Departments of Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jinming Yang
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stefania Scala
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Applied Clinical Science and Biotechnologies, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Margret Schottelius
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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Central human B cell tolerance manifests with a distinctive cell phenotype and is enforced via CXCR4 signaling in hu-mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2021570118. [PMID: 33850015 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021570118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Central B cell tolerance, the process restricting the development of many newly generated autoreactive B cells, has been intensely investigated in mouse cells while studies in humans have been hampered by the inability to phenotypically distinguish autoreactive and nonautoreactive immature B cell clones and the difficulty in accessing fresh human bone marrow samples. Using a human immune system mouse model in which all human Igκ+ B cells undergo central tolerance, we discovered that human autoreactive immature B cells exhibit a distinctive phenotype that includes lower activation of ERK and differential expression of CD69, CD81, CXCR4, and other glycoproteins. Human B cells exhibiting these characteristics were observed in fresh human bone marrow tissue biopsy specimens, although differences in marker expression were smaller than in the humanized mouse model. Furthermore, the expression of these markers was slightly altered in autoreactive B cells of humanized mice engrafted with some human immune systems genetically predisposed to autoimmunity. Finally, by treating mice and human immune system mice with a pharmacologic antagonist, we show that signaling by CXCR4 is necessary to prevent both human and mouse autoreactive B cell clones from egressing the bone marrow, indicating that CXCR4 functionally contributes to central B cell tolerance.
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25
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Almishri W, Davis RP, Shaheen AA, Altonsy MO, Jenne CN, Swain MG. The Antidepressant Mirtazapine Rapidly Shifts Hepatic B Cell Populations and Functional Cytokine Signatures in the Mouse. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622537. [PMID: 33841403 PMCID: PMC8027111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction B cells are important regulators of both adaptive and innate immunity. The normal liver contains significant numbers of B cells, and their numbers increase dramatically in immune-mediated liver diseases. Our previous observations suggest a hepatoprotective effect of the antidepressant mirtazapine in human and experimental immune-mediated liver disease. Therefore, we performed a series of experiments to determine the impact of mirtazapine treatment on hepatic B cell homeostasis, as reflected by B cell number, trafficking and phenotype using flow cytometry (FCM) and intravital microscopy (IVM) analysis. Mirtazapine treatment rapidly induced a significant reduction in total hepatic B cell numbers, paralleled by a compositional shift in the predominant hepatic B cell subtype from B2 to B1. This shift in hepatic B cells induced by mirtazapine treatment was associated with a striking increase in total hepatic levels of the chemokine CXCL10, and increased production of CXCL10 by hepatic macrophages and dendritic cells. Furthermore, mirtazapine treatment led to an upregulation of CXCR3, the cognate chemokine receptor for CXCL10, on hepatic B cells that remained in the liver post-mirtazapine. A significant role for CXCR3 in the hepatic retention of B cells post-mirtazapine was confirmed using CXCR3 receptor blockade. In addition, B cells remaining in the liver post-mirtazapine produced lower amounts of the proinflammatory Th1-like cytokines IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-6, and increased amounts of the Th2-like cytokine IL-4, after stimulation in vitro. Conclusion Mirtazapine treatment rapidly alters hepatic B cell populations, enhancing hepatic retention of CXCR3-expressing innate-like B cells that generate a more anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. Mirtazapine-induced hepatic B cell shifts could potentially represent a novel therapeutic approach to immune-mediated liver diseases characterized by B cell driven pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdi Almishri
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Rachelle P Davis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Abdel-Aziz Shaheen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mohammed O Altonsy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Craig N Jenne
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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26
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Delahaye MC, Salem KI, Pelletier J, Aurrand-Lions M, Mancini SJC. Toward Therapeutic Targeting of Bone Marrow Leukemic Niche Protective Signals in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Oncol 2021; 10:606540. [PMID: 33489914 PMCID: PMC7820772 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.606540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) represents the malignant counterpart of bone marrow (BM) differentiating B cells and occurs most frequently in children. While new combinations of chemotherapeutic agents have dramatically improved the prognosis for young patients, disease outcome remains poor after relapse or in adult patients. This is likely due to heterogeneity of B-ALL response to treatment which relies not only on intrinsic properties of leukemic cells, but also on extrinsic protective cues transmitted by the tumor cell microenvironment. Alternatively, leukemic cells have the capacity to shape their microenvironment towards their needs. Most knowledge on the role of protective niches has emerged from the identification of mesenchymal and endothelial cells controlling hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal or B cell differentiation. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about B-ALL protective niches and the development of therapies targeting the crosstalk between leukemic cells and their microenvironment.
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27
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Fang X, Fang X, Mao Y, Ciechanover A, Xu Y, An J, Huang Z. A novel small molecule CXCR4 antagonist potently mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells in mice and monkeys. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:17. [PMID: 33413613 PMCID: PMC7791974 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is an effective treatment strategy for many types of diseases. Peripheral blood (PB) is the most commonly used source of bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells for current HSC transplantation. However, PB usually contains very few HSCs under normal conditions, as these cells are normally retained within the BM. This retention depends on the interaction between the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expressed on the HSCs and its natural chemokine ligand, stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α (also named CXCL12) present in the BM stromal microenvironment. In clinical practice, blocking this interaction with a CXCR4 antagonist can induce the rapid mobilization of HSCs from the BM into the PB. Methods C3H/HEJ, DBA/2, CD45.1+, and CD45.2+ mice and monkeys were employed in colony-forming unit (CFU) assays, flow cytometry assays, and competitive/noncompetitive transplantation assays, to assess the short-term mobilization efficacy of HF51116 and the long-term repopulating (LTR) ability of HSCs. Kinetics of different blood cells and the concentration of HF51116 in PB were also explored by blood routine examinations and pharmacokinetic assays. Results In this paper, we report that a novel small molecule CXCR4 antagonist, HF51116, which was designed and synthesized by our laboratory, can rapidly and potently mobilize HSCs from BM to PB in mice and monkeys. HF51116 not only mobilized HSCs when used alone but also synergized with the mobilizing effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) after co-administration. Following mobilization by HF51116 and G-CSF, the long-term repopulating (LTR) and self-renewing HSCs were sufficiently engrafted in primary and secondary lethally irradiated mice and were able to rescue and support long-term mouse survival. In monkeys, HF51116 exhibited strong HSC mobilization activity and quickly reached the highest in vivo blood drug concentration. Conclusions These results demonstrate that HF51116 is a new promising stem cell mobilizer which specifically targets CXCR4 and merits further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Rapport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601, Haifa, Israel.,Nobel Institute of Biomedicine, Zhuhai, 519080, China.,Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Nobel Institute of Biomedicine, Zhuhai, 519080, China.,Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Ziwei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. .,Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China. .,Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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28
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Wirth F, Lubosch A, Hamelmann S, Nakchbandi IA. Fibronectin and Its Receptors in Hematopoiesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122717. [PMID: 33353083 PMCID: PMC7765895 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix protein that is produced by many cell types in the bone marrow and distributed throughout it. Cells of the stem cell niche produce the various isoforms of this protein. Fibronectin not only provides the cells a scaffold to bind to, but it also modulates their behavior by binding to receptors on the adjacent hematopoietic stem cells and stromal cells. These receptors, which include integrins such as α4β1, α9β1, α4β7, α5β1, αvβ3, Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and CD44, are found on the hematopoietic stem cell. Because the knockout of fibronectin is lethal during embryonal development and because fibronectin is produced by almost all cell types in mammals, the study of its role in hematopoiesis is difficult. Nevertheless, strong and direct evidence exists for its stimulation of myelopoiesis and thrombopoiesis using in vivo models. Other reviewed effects can be deduced from the study of fibronectin receptors, which showed their activation modifies the behavior of hematopoietic stem cells. Erythropoiesis was only stimulated under hemolytic stress, and mostly late stages of lymphocytic differentiation were modulated. Because fibronectin is ubiquitously expressed, these interactions in health and disease need to be taken into account whenever any molecule is evaluated in hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Wirth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.W.); (A.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Alexander Lubosch
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.W.); (A.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Stefan Hamelmann
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.W.); (A.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Inaam A. Nakchbandi
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.W.); (A.L.); (S.H.)
- Max-Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-622-156-8744
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29
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Pisani A, Donno R, Gennari A, Cibecchini G, Catalano F, Marotta R, Pompa PP, Tirelli N, Bardi G. CXCL12-PLGA/Pluronic Nanoparticle Internalization Abrogates CXCR4-Mediated Cell Migration. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10112304. [PMID: 33233846 PMCID: PMC7699919 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine-induced chemotaxis mediates physiological and pathological immune cell trafficking, as well as several processes involving cell migration. Among them, the role of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in cancer and metastasis is well known, and CXCR4 has been often targeted with small molecule-antagonists or short CXCL12-derived peptides to limit the pathological processes of cell migration and invasion. To reduce CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis, we adopted a different approach. We manufactured poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Pluronic F127 nanoparticles through microfluidics-assisted nanoprecipitation and functionalized them with streptavidin to docking a biotinylated CXCL12 to be exposed on the nanoparticle surface. Our results show that CXCL12-decorated nanoparticles are non-toxic and do not induce inflammatory cytokine release in THP-1 monocytes cultured in fetal bovine and human serum-supplemented media. The cell internalization of our chemokine receptor-targeting particles increases in accordance with CXCR4 expression in FBS/medium. We demonstrated that CXCL12-decorated nanoparticles do not induce cell migration on their own, but their pre-incubation with THP-1 significantly decreases CXCR4+-cell migration, thereby antagonizing the chemotactic action of CXCL12. The use of biodegradable and immune-compatible chemokine-mimetic nanoparticles to reduce cell migration opens the way to novel antagonists with potential application in cancer treatments and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Pisani
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.P.)
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Donno
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (R.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Arianna Gennari
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (R.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Giulia Cibecchini
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.P.)
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.P.)
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; (R.D.); (A.G.)
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (G.B.); Tel.: +39-010-289-6923 (N.T.); +39-010-289-6519 (G.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Bardi
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (G.B.); Tel.: +39-010-289-6923 (N.T.); +39-010-289-6519 (G.B.)
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Martin M, Mayer IA, Walenkamp AME, Lapa C, Andreeff M, Bobirca A. At the Bedside: Profiling and treating patients with CXCR4-expressing cancers. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:953-967. [PMID: 33089889 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5bt1219-714r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand, C-X-C motif chemokine 12, are key mediators of hematopoietic cell trafficking. Their roles in the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells, induction of angiogenesis, and invasive tumor growth have been recognized for over 2 decades. CXCR4 is a promising target for imaging and therapy of both hematologic and solid tumors. To date, Sanofi Genzyme's plerixafor is the only marketed CXCR4 inhibitor (i.e., Food and Drug Administration-approved in 2008 for stem cell mobilization). However, several new CXCR4 inhibitors are now being investigated as potential therapies for a variety of fluid and solid tumors. These small molecules, peptides, and Abs include balixafortide (POL6326, Polyphor), mavorixafor (X4P-001, X4 Pharmaceuticals), motixafortide (BL-8040, BioLineRx), LY2510924 (Eli Lilly), and ulocuplumab (Bristol-Myers Squibb). Early clinical evidence has been encouraging, for example, with motixafortide and balixafortide, and the CXCR4 inhibitors appear to be generally safe and well tolerated. Molecular imaging is increasingly being used for effective patient selection before, or early during CXCR4 inhibitor treatment. The use of radiolabeled theranostics that combine diagnostics and therapeutics is an additional intriguing approach. The current status and future directions for radioimaging and treating patients with CXCR4-expressing hematologic and solid malignancies are reviewed. See related review - At the Bench: Pre-Clinical Evidence for Multiple Functions of CXCR4 in Cancer. J. Leukoc. Biol. xx: xx-xx; 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martin
- Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ingrid A Mayer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Annemiek M E Walenkamp
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, Maryland Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Facts and Challenges in Immunotherapy for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207685. [PMID: 33081391 PMCID: PMC7589289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), a T-cell malignant disease that mainly affects children, is still a medical challenge, especially for refractory patients for whom therapeutic options are scarce. Recent advances in immunotherapy for B-cell malignancies based on increasingly efficacious monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been encouraging for non-responding or relapsing patients suffering from other aggressive cancers like T-ALL. However, secondary life-threatening T-cell immunodeficiency due to shared expression of targeted antigens by healthy and malignant T cells is a main drawback of mAb—or CAR-based immunotherapies for T-ALL and other T-cell malignancies. This review provides a comprehensive update on the different immunotherapeutic strategies that are being currently applied to T-ALL. We highlight recent progress on the identification of new potential targets showing promising preclinical results and discuss current challenges and opportunities for developing novel safe and efficacious immunotherapies for T-ALL.
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Hässler S, Bachelet D, Duhaze J, Szely N, Gleizes A, Hacein-Bey Abina S, Aktas O, Auer M, Avouac J, Birchler M, Bouhnik Y, Brocq O, Buck-Martin D, Cadiot G, Carbonnel F, Chowers Y, Comabella M, Derfuss T, De Vries N, Donnellan N, Doukani A, Guger M, Hartung HP, Kubala Havrdova E, Hemmer B, Huizinga T, Ingenhoven K, Hyldgaard-Jensen PE, Jury EC, Khalil M, Kieseier B, Laurén A, Lindberg R, Loercher A, Maggi E, Manson J, Mauri C, Mohand Oumoussa B, Montalban X, Nachury M, Nytrova P, Richez C, Ryner M, Sellebjerg F, Sievers C, Sikkema D, Soubrier M, Tourdot S, Trang C, Vultaggio A, Warnke C, Spindeldreher S, Dönnes P, Hickling TP, Hincelin Mery A, Allez M, Deisenhammer F, Fogdell-Hahn A, Mariette X, Pallardy M, Broët P. Clinicogenomic factors of biotherapy immunogenicity in autoimmune disease: A prospective multicohort study of the ABIRISK consortium. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003348. [PMID: 33125391 PMCID: PMC7598520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biopharmaceutical products (BPs) are widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, but immunogenicity limits their efficacy for an important proportion of patients. Our knowledge of patient-related factors influencing the occurrence of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) is still limited. METHODS AND FINDINGS The European consortium ABIRISK (Anti-Biopharmaceutical Immunization: prediction and analysis of clinical relevance to minimize the RISK) conducted a clinical and genomic multicohort prospective study of 560 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS, n = 147), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 229), Crohn's disease (n = 148), or ulcerative colitis (n = 36) treated with 8 different biopharmaceuticals (etanercept, n = 84; infliximab, n = 101; adalimumab, n = 153; interferon [IFN]-beta-1a intramuscularly [IM], n = 38; IFN-beta-1a subcutaneously [SC], n = 68; IFN-beta-1b SC, n = 41; rituximab, n = 31; tocilizumab, n = 44) and followed during the first 12 months of therapy for time to ADA development. From the bioclinical data collected, we explored the relationships between patient-related factors and the occurrence of ADAs. Both baseline and time-dependent factors such as concomitant medications were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Mean age and disease duration were 35.1 and 0.85 years, respectively, for MS; 54.2 and 3.17 years for RA; and 36.9 and 3.69 years for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In a multivariate Cox regression model including each of the clinical and genetic factors mentioned hereafter, among the clinical factors, immunosuppressants (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.408 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.253-0.657], p < 0.001) and antibiotics (aHR = 0.121 [0.0437-0.333], p < 0.0001) were independently negatively associated with time to ADA development, whereas infections during the study (aHR = 2.757 [1.616-4.704], p < 0.001) and tobacco smoking (aHR = 2.150 [1.319-3.503], p < 0.01) were positively associated. 351,824 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and 38 imputed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles were analyzed through a genome-wide association study. We found that the HLA-DQA1*05 allele significantly increased the rate of immunogenicity (aHR = 3.9 [1.923-5.976], p < 0.0001 for the homozygotes). Among the 6 genetic variants selected at a 20% false discovery rate (FDR) threshold, the minor allele of rs10508884, which is situated in an intron of the CXCL12 gene, increased the rate of immunogenicity (aHR = 3.804 [2.139-6.764], p < 1 × 10-5 for patients homozygous for the minor allele) and was chosen for validation through a CXCL12 protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on patient serum at baseline before therapy start. CXCL12 protein levels were higher for patients homozygous for the minor allele carrying higher ADA risk (mean: 2,693 pg/ml) than for the other genotypes (mean: 2,317 pg/ml; p = 0.014), and patients with CXCL12 levels above the median in serum were more prone to develop ADAs (aHR = 2.329 [1.106-4.90], p = 0.026). A limitation of the study is the lack of replication; therefore, other studies are required to confirm our findings. CONCLUSION In our study, we found that immunosuppressants and antibiotics were associated with decreased risk of ADA development, whereas tobacco smoking and infections during the study were associated with increased risk. We found that the HLA-DQA1*05 allele was associated with an increased rate of immunogenicity. Moreover, our results suggest a relationship between CXCL12 production and ADA development independent of the disease, which is consistent with its known function in affinity maturation of antibodies and plasma cell survival. Our findings may help physicians in the management of patients receiving biotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Hässler
- CESP, INSERM UMR 1018, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Biotherapy (CIC-BTi), Paris, France
- * E-mail: (SH); (PB)
| | - Delphine Bachelet
- CESP, INSERM UMR 1018, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biostatistical Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris AP-HP.Nord, INSERM CIC-EC 1425, Paris, France
| | - Julianne Duhaze
- CESP, INSERM UMR 1018, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Natacha Szely
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Aude Gleizes
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Sud University Hospitals, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Salima Hacein-Bey Abina
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-Sud University Hospitals, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- UTCBS, CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1022, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris-Descartes-Sorbonne-Cite University, Paris, France
| | - Orhan Aktas
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Auer
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jerôme Avouac
- Paris University, Paris Descartes University, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- Rheumatology department, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP.CUP, Paris, France
| | - Mary Birchler
- GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Immunology–Biopharm, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yoram Bouhnik
- AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, Paris, France
- GETAID, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Cadiot
- GETAID, Paris, France
- Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Franck Carbonnel
- GETAID, Paris, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, AP-HP, Hôpital Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yehuda Chowers
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Clinical Research Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat). Institut de Recerca Vall d’Hebron (VHIR). Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Niek De Vries
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC | AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Abiba Doukani
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, UMS Production et Analyse des données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé, UMS 37 PASS, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, P3S, Paris, France
| | - Michael Guger
- Clinic for Neurology 2, Med Campus III, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Linz, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Kubala Havrdova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tom Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Ingenhoven
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Poul Erik Hyldgaard-Jensen
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Kieseier
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Raija Lindberg
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amy Loercher
- GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Immunology–Biopharm, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Enrico Maggi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clínica, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- Immunology Area of Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Manson
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Mauri
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Badreddine Mohand Oumoussa
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, UMS Production et Analyse des données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé, UMS 37 PASS, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, P3S, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat). Institut de Recerca Vall d’Hebron (VHIR). Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Multiple Sclerosis, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria Nachury
- GETAID, Paris, France
- University hospital of Lille, Maladies de l'appareil digestif, Lille, France
| | - Petra Nytrova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christophe Richez
- Rheumatology Department, CHU de Bordeaux-GH Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
- UMR CNRS 5164, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Malin Ryner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Finn Sellebjerg
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudia Sievers
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dan Sikkema
- GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Immunology–Biopharm, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Current address: Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martin Soubrier
- Rheumatology, University Hospital of Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Sophie Tourdot
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Caroline Trang
- GETAID, Paris, France
- Institut des maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alessandra Vultaggio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clínica, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Clemens Warnke
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Sebastian Spindeldreher
- Drug Metabolism Pharmacokinetics-Biologics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Integrated Biologix GmbH, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Timothy P. Hickling
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Matthieu Allez
- GETAID, Paris, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Centre for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1184, Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP.Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Philippe Broët
- CESP, INSERM UMR 1018, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Canada
- AP-HP, Paris-Sud University Hospitals, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
- * E-mail: (SH); (PB)
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Sreejit G, Abdel Latif A, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Emerging roles of neutrophil-borne S100A8/A9 in cardiovascular inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105212. [PMID: 32991974 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated neutrophil count is associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events including myocardial infarction and early development of heart failure. Neutrophils contribute to cardiac damage through a number of mechanisms, including attraction of other immune cells and release of inflammatory mediators. Recently, a number of independent studies have reported a causal role for neutrophil-derived alarmins (i.e. S100A8/A9) in inducing inflammation and cardiac injury following myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, a positive correlation between serum S100A8/A9 levels and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in MI patients was also observed implying that targeting neutrophils or their inflammatory cargo could be beneficial in reducing heart failure. However, contradictory to this idea, neutrophils and neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 also seem to play a vital role in the resolution of inflammation. Thus, a better understanding of how neutrophils balance these seemingly contrasting functions would allow us to develop effective therapies that preserve the inflammation-resolving function while restricting the damage caused by inflammation. In this review, we specifically discuss the mechanisms behind neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 in promoting inflammation and resolution in the context of MI. We also provide a perspective on how neutrophils could be potentially targeted to ameliorate cardiac inflammation and the ensuing damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel Latif
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Cymer M, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Bujko K, Thapa A, Ratajczak J, Anusz K, Tracz M, Jackowska-Tracz A, Ratajczak MZ, Adamiak M. Pannexin-1 channel "fuels" by releasing ATP from bone marrow cells a state of sterile inflammation required for optimal mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem cells. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:313-325. [PMID: 32533388 PMCID: PMC7524928 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient harvest of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) after pharmacological mobilization from the bone marrow (BM) into peripheral blood (PB) and subsequent proper homing and engraftment of these cells are crucial for clinical outcomes from hematopoietic transplants. Since extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) plays an important role in both processes as an activator of sterile inflammation in the bone marrow microenvironment, we focused on the role of Pannexin-1 channel in the secretion of ATP to trigger both egress of HSPCs out of BM into PB as well as in reverse process that is their homing to BM niches after transplantation into myeloablated recipient. We employed a specific blocking peptide against Pannexin-1 channel and noticed decreased mobilization efficiency of HSPCs as well as other types of BM-residing stem cells including mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitors (EPCs), and very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs). To explain better a role of Pannexin-1, we report that eATP activated Nlrp3 inflammasome in Gr-1+ and CD11b+ cells enriched for granulocytes and monocytes. This led to release of danger-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) and mitochondrial DNA (miDNA) that activate complement cascade (ComC) required for optimal egress of HSPCs from BM. On the other hand, Pannexin-1 channel blockage in transplant recipient mice leads to a defect in homing and engraftment of HSPCs. Based on this, Pannexin-1 channel as a source of eATP plays an important role in HSPCs trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Cymer
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Kamila Bujko
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Arjun Thapa
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Tracz
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jackowska-Tracz
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sacco KA, Stack M, Notarangelo LD. Targeted pharmacologic immunomodulation for inborn errors of immunity. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 88:2500-2508. [PMID: 32738057 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity consist of over 400 known single gene disorders that may manifest with infection susceptibility, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, hypersensitivity and cancer predisposition. Most patients are treated symptomatically with immunoglobulin replacement, prophylactic antimicrobials or broad immunosuppression pertaining to their disease phenotype. Other than haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the aforementioned treatments do little to alter disease morbidity or mortality. Further, many patients may not be transplant candidates. In this review, we describe monogenic disorders affecting leucocyte migration, disorders of immune synapse formation and dysregulation of immune cell signal transduction. We highlight the use of off-label small molecules and biologics mechanistically targeted to altered disease pathophysiology of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Sacco
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Stack
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Maryland, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Maryland, USA
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Nagy N, Busalt F, Halasy V, Kohn M, Schmieder S, Fejszak N, Kaspers B, Härtle S. In and Out of the Bursa-The Role of CXCR4 in Chicken B Cell Development. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1468. [PMID: 32765509 PMCID: PMC7381227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to mammals, early B cell differentiation and diversification of the antibody repertoire in chickens do not take place in the bone marrow but in a specialized gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), the bursa of Fabricius. During embryonic development, B cell precursors migrate to the bursa anlage, where they proliferate and diversify their B cell receptor repertoire. Around hatch these diversified B cells start to emigrate from the bursa of Fabricius and populate peripheral lymphoid organs, but very little is known how the migratory processes are regulated. As CXCL12 (syn. SDF-1) and CXCR4 were shown to be essential for the control of B cell migration during the development of lymphoid tissues in mammals, we analyzed expression and function of this chemokine/chemokine-receptor pair in the chicken bursa. We found a strong variation of mRNA abundance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in different stages of bursa development, with high abundance of CXCL12 mRNA in the bursa anlage at embryonic day 10 (ED10). In situ hybridization demonstrated disseminated CXCL12 expression in the early bursa anlage, which condensed in the developing follicles and was mainly restricted to the follicle cortex post-hatch. Flow cytometric analysis detected CXCR4 protein already on early B cell stages, increasing during bursal development. Post-hatch, a subpopulation with the hallmarks of emigrating B cells became detectable, which had lower CXCR4 expression, suggesting that downregulation of CXCR4 is necessary to leave the CXCL12-high bursal environment. In vivo blockade of CXCR4 using AMD3100 at the time of B cell precursor immigration strongly inhibited follicle development, demonstrating that CXCL12 attracts pre-bursal B cells into the bursal anlage. Altogether, we show that CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are important for both populating the bursa with B cells and emigration of mature B cells into the periphery post hatch, and that CXCR4 function in primary B cell organs is conserved between mammals and birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Florian Busalt
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria Halasy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marina Kohn
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmieder
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nora Fejszak
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernd Kaspers
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Härtle
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Gomes AC, Saraiva M, Gomes MS. The bone marrow hematopoietic niche and its adaptation to infection. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:37-48. [PMID: 32553581 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is responsible for the formation of all blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly regulated process, in order to adapt its cellular output to changing body requirements. Specific microenvironmental conditions within the BM must exist in order to maintain HSC pluripotency and self-renewal, as well as to ensure appropriate differentiation of progenitor cells towards each hematopoietic lineage. Those conditions were coined "the hematopoietic niche" and their identity in terms of cell types, location and soluble molecular components has been the subject of intense research in the last decades. Infections are one of the environmental challenges to which hematopoiesis must respond, to feed the immune system with functional cell components and compensate for cellular losses. However, how infections impact the bone marrow hematopoietic niche(s) remains elusive and most of the mechanisms involved are still largely unknown. Here, we review the most recent advances on our knowledge on the hematopoietic niche composition and regulation during homeostasis and also on how the niche responds to infectious stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Innate immunity orchestrates the mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by engaging purinergic signaling-an update. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:153-166. [PMID: 32415576 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) as an active hematopoietic organ is highly sensitive to changes in body microenvironments and responds to external physical stimuli from the surrounding environment. In particular, BM tissue responds to several cues related to infections, strenuous exercise, tissue/organ damage, circadian rhythms, and physical challenges such as irradiation. These multiple stimuli affect BM cells to a large degree through a coordinated response of the innate immunity network as an important guardian for maintaining homeostasis of the body. In this review, we will foc++us on the role of purinergic signaling and innate immunity in the trafficking of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) during their egression from the BM into peripheral blood (PB), as seen along pharmacological mobilization, and in the process of homing and subsequent engraftment into BM after hematopoietic transplantation. Innate immunity mediates these processes by engaging, in addition to certain peptide-based factors, other important non-peptide mediators, including bioactive phosphosphingolipids and extracellular nucleotides, as the main topic of this review. Elucidation of these mechanisms will allow development of more efficient stem cell mobilization protocols to harvest the required number of HSPCs for transplantation and to accelerate hematopoietic reconstitution in transplanted patients.
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Kalkan BM, Akgol S, Ak D, Yucel D, Guney Esken G, Kocabas F. CASIN and AMD3100 enhance endothelial cell proliferation, tube formation and sprouting. Microvasc Res 2020; 130:104001. [PMID: 32198058 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is prominent in atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, peripheral and cardiovascular diseases, and stroke. Novel therapeutic approaches to these conditions often involve development of tissue-engineered veins with ex vivo expanded endothelial cells. However, high cell number requirements limit these approaches to become applicable to clinical applications and highlight the requirement of technologies that accelerate expansion of vascular-forming cells. We have previously shown that novel small molecules could induce hematopoietic stem cell expansion ex vivo. We hypothesized that various small molecules targeting hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and mobilization could be used to induce endothelial cell expansion and angiogenesis due to common origin and shared characteristics of endothelial and hematopoietic cells. Here, we have screened thirty-five small molecules and found that CASIN and AMD3100 increase endothelial cell expansion up to two-fold and induce tube formation and ex vivo sprouting. In addition, we have studied how CASIN and AMD3100 affect cell migration, apoptosis and cell cycle of endothelial cells. CASIN and AMD3100 upregulate key endothelial marker genes and downregulate a number of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. These findings suggest that CASIN and AMD3100 could be further tested in the development of artificial vascular systems and vascular gene editing technologies. Furthermore, these findings may have potential to contribute to the development of alternative treatment methods for diseases that cause endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Mert Kalkan
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey; Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezer Akgol
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Ak
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey; Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dogacan Yucel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Gulen Guney Esken
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kocabas
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Zehentmeier S, Pereira JP. Cell circuits and niches controlling B cell development. Immunol Rev 2020; 289:142-157. [PMID: 30977190 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies over the last decade uncovered overlapping niches for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), multipotent progenitor cells, common lymphoid progenitors, and early B cell progenitors. HSC and lymphoid niches are predominantly composed by mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) and by a small subset of endothelial cells. Niche cells create specialized microenvironments through the concomitant production of short-range acting cell-fate determining cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-7 and stem cell factor and the potent chemoattractant C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12. This type of cellular organization allows for the cross-talk between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with niche cells, such that niche cell activity can be regulated by the quality and quantity of hematopoietic progenitors being produced. For example, preleukemic B cell progenitors and preB acute lymphoblastic leukemias interact directly with MPCs, and downregulate IL-7 expression and the production of non-leukemic lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss a novel model of B cell development that is centered on cellular circuits formed between B cell progenitors and lymphopoietic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Mcheik S, Van Eeckhout N, De Poorter C, Galés C, Parmentier M, Springael JY. Coexpression of CCR7 and CXCR4 During B Cell Development Controls CXCR4 Responsiveness and Bone Marrow Homing. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2970. [PMID: 31921208 PMCID: PMC6930800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a key role in the retention of stem cells and progenitors in dedicated bone marrow niches. It is well-known that CXCR4 responsiveness in B lymphocytes decreases dramatically during the final stages of their development in the bone marrow. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation and whether it plays a role in B-cell homeostasis remain unknown. In the present study, we show that the differentiation of pre-B cells into immature and mature B cells is accompanied by modifications to the relative expression of chemokine receptors, with a two-fold downregulation of CXCR4 and upregulation of CCR7. We demonstrate that expression of CCR7 in B cells is involved in the selective inactivation of CXCR4, and that mature B cells from CCR7-/- mice display higher responsiveness to CXCL12 and improved retention in the bone marrow. We also provide molecular evidence supporting a model in which upregulation of CCR7 favors the formation of CXCR4-CCR7 heteromers, wherein CXCR4 is selectively impaired in its ability to activate certain G-protein complexes. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CCR7 behaves as a novel selective endogenous allosteric modulator of CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saria Mcheik
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nils Van Eeckhout
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric De Poorter
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Galés
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Parmentier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Springael
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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Neutrophil activation causes tumor regression in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16524. [PMID: 31712726 PMCID: PMC6848483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of neutrophils in cancer is still very contradictory. Several studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic capacity of neutrophils against different types of tumors, by releasing inflammatory cytokines, ROS and activating other immune cells. On the other hand, recent papers have claimed the protumorigenic action of neutrophils, mainly by changing their phenotype and producing cytokines that promote tumor growth. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate neutrophil action and function during tumor development. To do so, we used male Wistar rats inoculated with Walker 256 breast carcinoma. Tumor, circulating neutrophils and bone marrow were studied in the following time points after tumor inoculation: 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d, in order to analyze neutrophil migration kinetics, circulating neutrophil phenotype and bone marrow response to the tumor growth. Herein, our results demonstrated that W256T was unable to trigger an intratumoral inflammatory response after 5 days of tumor development and consequently, from that point on, prevented neutrophil migration to its microenvironment. Also, the tumor changed circulating neutrophil phenotype by up-regulating inflammation-related genes. Even though circulating neutrophils were entirely able to respond to an inflammatory stimulus, they did not recognize and attack the tumor, allowing the tumor to grow without any immune interference. To promote the entry of neutrophils into the tumor microenvironment, LPS was injected intratumorally. Neutrophil migration and activation due to LPS injection resulted in complete tumor regression in all subjects. In conclusion, activating neutrophils, within the tumor, turned the carcinoma into a recognizable immune target and eliminated it.
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Upadhye A, Srikakulapu P, Gonen A, Hendrikx S, Perry HM, Nguyen A, McSkimming C, Marshall MA, Garmey JC, Taylor AM, Bender TP, Tsimikas S, Holodick NE, Rothstein TL, Witztum JL, McNamara CA. Diversification and CXCR4-Dependent Establishment of the Bone Marrow B-1a Cell Pool Governs Atheroprotective IgM Production Linked to Human Coronary Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2019; 125:e55-e70. [PMID: 31549940 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE B-1 cell-derived natural IgM antibodies against oxidation-specific epitopes on low-density lipoprotein are anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective. Bone marrow (BM) B-1a cells contribute abundantly to IgM production, yet the unique repertoire of IgM antibodies generated by BM B-1a and the factors maintaining the BM B-1a population remain unexplored. CXCR4 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4) has been implicated in human cardiovascular disease and B-cell homeostasis, yet the role of B-1 cell CXCR4 in regulating atheroprotective IgM levels and human cardiovascular disease is unknown. OBJECTIVE To characterize the BM B-1a IgM repertoire and to determine whether CXCR4 regulates B-1 production of atheroprotective IgM in mice and humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Single-cell sequencing demonstrated that BM B-1a cells from aged ApoE-/- mice with established atherosclerosis express a unique repertoire of IgM antibodies containing increased nontemplate-encoded nucleotide additions and a greater frequency of unique heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 sequences compared with peritoneal cavity B-1a cells. Some complementarity determining region 3 sequences were common to both compartments suggesting B-1a migration between compartments. Indeed, mature peritoneal cavity B-1a cells migrated to BM in a CXCR4-dependent manner. Furthermore, BM IgM production and plasma IgM levels were reduced in ApoE-/- mice with B-cell-specific knockout of CXCR4, and overexpression of CXCR4 on B-1a cells increased BM localization and plasma IgM against oxidation specific epitopes, including IgM specific for malondialdehyde-modified LDL (low-density lipoprotein). Finally, in a 50-subject human cohort, we find that CXCR4 expression on circulating human B-1 cells positively associates with plasma levels of IgM antibodies specific for malondialdehyde-modified LDL and inversely associates with human coronary artery plaque burden and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the first report of a unique BM B-1a cell IgM repertoire and identifies CXCR4 expression as a critical factor selectively governing BM B-1a localization and production of IgM against oxidation specific epitopes. That CXCR4 expression on human B-1 cells was greater in humans with low coronary artery plaque burden suggests a potential targeted approach for immune modulation to limit atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Upadhye
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology (A.U., T.P.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Prasad Srikakulapu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Ayelet Gonen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.G., S.H., S.T., J.L.W.)
| | - Sabrina Hendrikx
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.G., S.H., S.T., J.L.W.)
| | - Heather M Perry
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Anh Nguyen
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Chantel McSkimming
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Melissa A Marshall
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - James C Garmey
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Angela M Taylor
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Medicine (A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Timothy P Bender
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology (A.U., T.P.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research (T.P.B., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.G., S.H., S.T., J.L.W.)
| | - Nichol E Holodick
- Center for Immunobiology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo MI (N.E.H., T.L.R.)
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Center for Immunobiology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo MI (N.E.H., T.L.R.)
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.G., S.H., S.T., J.L.W.)
| | - Coleen A McNamara
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (A.U., P.S., H.M.P., A.N., C.M., M.A.M., J.C.G, A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research (T.P.B., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Medicine (A.M.T., C.A.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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Notch/CXCR4 Partnership in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Progression. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:5601396. [PMID: 31346528 PMCID: PMC6620846 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5601396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer among children. Recent advances in chemotherapy have made ALL a curable hematological malignancy. In children, there is 25% chance of disease relapse, typically in the central nervous system. While in adults, there is a higher chance of relapse. ALL may affect B-cell or T-cell lineages. Different genetic alterations characterize the two ALL forms. Deregulated Notch, either Notch1 or Notch3, and CXCR4 receptor signaling are involved in ALL disease development and progression. By analyzing their relevant roles in the pathogenesis of the two ALL forms, new molecular mechanisms able to modulate cancer cell invasion may be visualized. Notably, the partnership between Notch and CXCR4 may have considerable implications in understanding the complexity of T- and B-ALL. These two receptor pathways intersect other critical signals in the proliferative, differentiation, and metabolic programs of lymphocyte transformation. Also, the identification of the crosstalks in leukemia-stroma interaction within the tumor microenvironment may unveil new targetable mechanisms in disease relapse. Further studies are required to identify new challenges and opportunities to develop more selective and safer therapeutic strategies in ALL progression, possibly contributing to improve conventional hematological cancer therapy.
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Kwun J, Matignon M, Manook M, Guendouz S, Audard V, Kheav D, Poullot E, Gautreau C, Ezekian B, Bodez D, Damy T, Faivre L, Menouch D, Yoon J, Park J, Belhadj K, Chen D, Bilewski AM, Yi JS, Collins B, Stegall M, Farris AB, Knechtle S, Grimbert P. Daratumumab in Sensitized Kidney Transplantation: Potentials and Limitations of Experimental and Clinical Use. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1206-1219. [PMID: 31227636 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018121254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor-specific antibodies are associated with increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection and decreased allograft survival. Therefore, reducing the risk of these antibodies remains a clinical need in transplantation. Plasma cells are a logical target of therapy given their critical role in antibody production. METHODS To target plasma cells, we treated sensitized rhesus macaques with daratumumab (anti-CD38 mAb). Before transplant, we sensitized eight macaques with two sequential skin grafts from MHC-mismatched donors; four of them were also desensitized with daratumumab and plerixafor (anti-CXCR4). We also treated two patients with daratumumab in the context of transplant. RESULTS The animals treated with daratumumab had significantly reduced donor-specific antibody levels compared with untreated controls (57.9% versus 13% reduction; P<0.05) and prolonged renal graft survival (28.0 days versus 5.2 days; P<0.01). However, the reduction in donor-specific antibodies was not maintained because all recipients demonstrated rapid rebound of antibodies, with profound T cell-mediated rejection. In the two clinical patients, a combined heart and kidney transplant recipient with refractory antibody-mediated rejection and a highly sensitized heart transplant candidate, we also observed a significant decrease in class 1 and 2 donor-specific antibodies that led to clinical improvement of antibody-mediated rejection and to heart graft access. CONCLUSIONS Targeting CD38 with daratumumab significantly reduced anti-HLA antibodies and anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies in a nonhuman primate model and in two transplant clinical cases before and after transplant. This supports investigation of daratumumab as a potential therapeutic strategy; however, further research is needed regarding its use for both antibody-mediated rejection and desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Matignon
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Cancerology-Immunity-Transplantation-Infectiology, Clinical Investigation Center-Biotherapies, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM U955, Paris-Est-Créteil University, Paris, France
| | | | - Soulef Guendouz
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital, and INSERM Unité 955, Clinical Investigation Center 006, and DHU ATVB, Creteil, France
| | - Vincent Audard
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Cancerology-Immunity-Transplantation-Infectiology, Clinical Investigation Center-Biotherapies, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM U955, Paris-Est-Créteil University, Paris, France
| | - David Kheav
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Chantal Gautreau
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Diane Bodez
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital, and INSERM Unité 955, Clinical Investigation Center 006, and DHU ATVB, Creteil, France
| | - Thibault Damy
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital, and INSERM Unité 955, Clinical Investigation Center 006, and DHU ATVB, Creteil, France
| | | | - Dehbia Menouch
- Department of Apheresis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France; and
| | | | | | - Karim Belhadj
- Haematology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alyssa M Bilewski
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John S Yi
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Mark Stegall
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alton B Farris
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Philippe Grimbert
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Cancerology-Immunity-Transplantation-Infectiology, Clinical Investigation Center-Biotherapies, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM U955, Paris-Est-Créteil University, Paris, France;
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Nakai A, Fujimoto J, Miyata H, Stumm R, Narazaki M, Schulz S, Baba Y, Kumanogoh A, Suzuki K. The COMMD3/8 complex determines GRK6 specificity for chemoattractant receptors. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1630-1647. [PMID: 31088898 PMCID: PMC6605747 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nakai et al. show that the COMMD3/8 complex functions as an adaptor that selectively recruits GRK6 to chemoattractant receptors and promotes B cell migration and humoral immune responses. Lymphocyte migration is mediated by G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to chemoattractive molecules. After their activation, GPCRs are phosphorylated by different GPCR kinases (GRKs), which produces distinct functional outcomes through β-arrestins. However, the molecular machinery that targets individual GRKs to activated GPCRs remains elusive. Here, we identified a protein complex consisting of copper metabolism MURR1 domain–containing (COMMD) 3 and COMMD8 (COMMD3/8 complex) as an adaptor that selectively recruits a specific GRK to chemoattractant receptors and promotes lymphocyte chemotaxis. COMMD8, whose stability depended on COMMD3, was recruited to multiple chemoattractant receptors. Deficiency of COMMD8 or COMMD3 impaired B cell migration and humoral immune responses. Using CXC-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) as a model, we demonstrated that the COMMD3/8 complex selectively recruited GRK6 and induced GRK6-mediated phosphorylation of the receptor and activation of β-arrestin–mediated signaling. Thus, the COMMD3/8 complex is a specificity determinant of GRK targeting to GPCRs and represents a point of regulation for immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Nakai
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ralf Stumm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Masashi Narazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan .,Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Sun X, Wei Y, Lee PP, Ren B, Liu C. The role of WASp in T cells and B cells. Cell Immunol 2019; 341:103919. [PMID: 31047647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a form of primary immunodeficiency (PIDs) resulting from mutations of the gene that encodes Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp). WASp is the first identified and most widely studied protein belonging to the actin nucleation-promoting factor family and plays significant role in integrating and transforming signals from critical receptors on the cell surface to actin remodeling. WASp functions in immune defense and homeostasis through the regulation of actin cytoskeleton-dependent cellular processes as well as processes uncoupled with actin polymerization like nuclear transcription programs. In this article, we review the mechanisms of WASp activation through an understanding of its structure. We further discuss the role of WASp in adaptive immunity, paying special attention to some recent findings on the crucial role of WASp in the formation of immunological synapse, the regulation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and in the prevention of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizi Sun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Wei
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pamela P Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Boxu Ren
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Gębura K, Butrym A, Chaszczewska-Markowska M, Wróbel T, Kuliczkowski K, Bogunia-Kubik K. G-CSF administration favours SDF-1 release and activation of neutrophils and monocytes in recipients of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells. Cytokine 2019; 116:38-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Adapala NS, Root S, Lorenzo J, Aguila H, Sanjay A. PI3K activation increases SDF-1 production and number of osteoclast precursors, and enhances SDF-1-mediated osteoclast precursor migration. Bone Rep 2019; 10:100203. [PMID: 30989092 PMCID: PMC6449702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that in a mouse model in which PI3K-AKT activation was increased (YF mice), osteoclast numbers and levels of SDF-1, a chemokine, were augmented. The purpose of this study was to delineate the role of PI3K activation in regulating SDF-1 production and examine whether SDF-1 can stimulate differentiation and/or migration of osteoclast precursors. Using flow cytometric analysis, we demonstrated that compared to wild type mice, bone marrow of YF mice had increased numbers of CXCL12 abundant reticular (CAR) cells, that are a major cell type responsible for producing SDF-1. At the molecular level, transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1) induced an increased transcription of SDF-1 that was dependent on PI3K/AKT activation. YF mice also contained an increased number of osteoclast precursors, in which expression of CXCR4, a major receptor for SDF-1, was increased. SDF-1 did not induce differentiation of osteoclast precursors into mature osteoclasts; compared to cells derived from WT mice, cells obtained from YF mice were more responsive to SDF-1. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PI3K activation resulted in increased SDF-1, increased the number of osteoclast precursors, and enhanced osteoclast precursor migration in response to SDF-1. PI3K activation regulates the number of CAR cells in mouse bone marrow. PI3K activation regulates SDF-1/CXCL12 production by CAR cells in bone marrow. PI3K/AKT activation mediates transcription of SDF-1 by regulating transcription factor Sp1. SDF-1 enhances migration of osteoclast precursors via CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Suresh Adapala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Farmington, CT, USA.,U Conn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sierra Root
- Department of Immunology, Farmington, CT, USA.,U Conn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Farmington, CT, USA.,U Conn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hector Aguila
- Department of Immunology, Farmington, CT, USA.,U Conn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Archana Sanjay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Farmington, CT, USA.,U Conn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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Balzano M, De Grandis M, Vu Manh TP, Chasson L, Bardin F, Farina A, Sergé A, Bidaut G, Charbord P, Hérault L, Bailly AL, Cartier-Michaud A, Boned A, Dalod M, Duprez E, Genever P, Coles M, Bajenoff M, Xerri L, Aurrand-Lions M, Schiff C, Mancini SJ. Nidogen-1 Contributes to the Interaction Network Involved in Pro-B Cell Retention in the Peri-sinusoidal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche. Cell Rep 2019; 26:3257-3271.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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