1
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Steinmetz T, Thomas J, Reimann L, Himmelreich AK, Schulz SR, Golombek F, Castiglione K, Jäck HM, Brodesser S, Warscheid B, Mielenz D. Identification of TFG- and Autophagy-Regulated Proteins and Glycerophospholipids in B Cells. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1615-1633. [PMID: 38649144 PMCID: PMC11077586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy supervises the proteostasis and survival of B lymphocytic cells. Trk-fused gene (TFG) promotes autophagosome-lysosome flux in murine CH12 B cells, as well as their survival. Hence, quantitative proteomics of CH12tfgKO and WT B cells in combination with lysosomal inhibition should identify proteins that are prone to lysosomal degradation and contribute to autophagy and B cell survival. Lysosome inhibition via NH4Cl unexpectedly reduced a number of proteins but increased a large cluster of translational, ribosomal, and mitochondrial proteins, independent of TFG. Hence, we propose a role for lysosomes in ribophagy in B cells. TFG-regulated proteins include CD74, BCL10, or the immunoglobulin JCHAIN. Gene ontology (GO) analysis reveals that proteins regulated by TFG alone, or in concert with lysosomes, localize to mitochondria and membrane-bound organelles. Likewise, TFG regulates the abundance of metabolic enzymes, such as ALDOC and the fatty acid-activating enzyme ACOT9. To test consequently for a function of TFG in lipid metabolism, we performed shotgun lipidomics of glycerophospholipids. Total phosphatidylglycerol is more abundant in CH12tfgKO B cells. Several glycerophospholipid species with similar acyl side chains, such as 36:2 phosphatidylethanolamine and 36:2 phosphatidylinositol, show a dysequilibrium. We suggest a role for TFG in lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial functions, translation, and metabolism in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobit
D. Steinmetz
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Thomas
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Reimann
- CIBSS
Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Himmelreich
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian R. Schulz
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Golombek
- Chair
of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical Faculty, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Castiglione
- Chair
of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical Faculty, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
- FAU
Profile Center Immunomedicine (FAU I-MED), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- Cologne
Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated
Diseases (CECAD), University of Köln, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- CIBSS
Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Department
of Biochemistry, Theodor Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division
of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
- FAU
Profile Center Immunomedicine (FAU I-MED), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Loh JT, Teo JKH, Kannan S, Verma CS, Andiappan AK, Lim HH, Lam KP. DOK3 promotes atopic dermatitis by enabling the phosphatase PP4C to inhibit the T cell signaling mediator CARD11. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadg5171. [PMID: 37906628 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg5171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The scaffolding protein CARD11 is a critical mediator of antigen receptor signaling in lymphocytes. Hypomorphic (partial loss-of-function) mutations in CARD11 are associated with the development of severe atopic dermatitis, in which T cell receptor signaling is reduced and helper T cell differentiation is skewed to an allergy-associated type 2 phenotype. Here, we found that the docking protein DOK3 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by suppressing CARD11 activity. DOK3 interacted with CARD11 and decreased its phosphorylation in T cells by recruiting the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 4, thereby dampening downstream signaling. Knocking out Dok3 enhanced the production of the cytokine IFN-γ by T cells, which conferred protection against experimental atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice. The expression of DOK3 was increased in T cells isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis and inversely correlated with IFNG expression. A subset of hypomorphic CARD11 variants found in patients with atopic dermatitis bound more strongly than wild-type CARD11 to DOK3. Our findings suggest that the strength of the interaction of DOK3 with CARD11 may predispose individuals to developing atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tong Loh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joey Kay Hui Teo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Srinivasaraghavan Kannan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Republic of Singapore
| | - Anand Kumar Andiappan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hong-Hwa Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
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3
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Masle-Farquhar E, Jeelall Y, White J, Bier J, Deenick EK, Brink R, Horikawa K, Goodnow CC. CARD11 gain-of-function mutation drives cell-autonomous accumulation of PD-1 + ICOS high activated T cells, T-follicular, T-regulatory and T-follicular regulatory cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095257. [PMID: 36960072 PMCID: PMC10028194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Germline CARD11 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations cause B cell Expansion with NF-κB and T cell Anergy (BENTA) disease, whilst somatic GOF CARD11 mutations recur in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and in up to 30% of the peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) and Sezary Syndrome. Despite their frequent acquisition by PTCL, the T cell-intrinsic effects of CARD11 GOF mutations are poorly understood. Methods Here, we studied B and T lymphocytes in mice with a germline Nethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced Card11M365K mutation identical to a mutation identified in DLBCL and modifying a conserved region of the CARD11 coiled-coil domain recurrently mutated in DLBCL and PTCL. Results and discussion Our results demonstrate that CARD11.M365K is a GOF protein that increases B and T lymphocyte activation and proliferation following antigen receptor stimulation. Germline Card11M365K mutation was insufficient alone to cause B or T-lymphoma, but increased accumulation of germinal center (GC) B cells in unimmunized and immunized mice. Card11M365K mutation caused cell-intrinsic over-accumulation of activated T cells, T regulatory (TREG), T follicular (TFH) and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells expressing increased levels of ICOS, CTLA-4 and PD-1 checkpoint molecules. Our results reveal CARD11 as an important, cell-autonomous positive regulator of TFH, TREG and TFR cells. They highlight T cell-intrinsic effects of a GOF mutation in the CARD11 gene, which is recurrently mutated in T cell malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with variable clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Masle-Farquhar
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Etienne Masle-Farquhar, ; Yogesh Jeelall,
| | - Yogesh Jeelall
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Immunology Department, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Etienne Masle-Farquhar, ; Yogesh Jeelall,
| | - Jacqueline White
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Bier
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elissa K. Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keisuke Horikawa
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Immunology Department, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Christopher Carl Goodnow
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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4
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Gui Z, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Xia W, Jia Z. CARMA3: A potential therapeutic target in non-cancer diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057980. [PMID: 36618379 PMCID: PMC9815110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain and membrane-associated guanylate kinase-like protein 3 (CARMA3) is a scaffold protein widely expressed in non-hematopoietic cells. It is encoded by the caspase recruitment domain protein 10 (CARD10) gene. CARMA3 can form a CARMA3-BCL10-MALT1 complex by recruiting B cell lymphoma 10 (BCL10) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), thereby activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor that involves in various biological responses. CARMA3 mediates different receptors-dependent signaling pathways, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Inappropriate expression and activation of GPCRs and/or RTKs/CARMA3 signaling lead to the pathogenesis of human diseases. Emerging studies have reported that CARMA3 mediates the development of various types of cancers. Moreover, CARMA3 and its partners participate in human non-cancer diseases, including atherogenesis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, liver fibrosis, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. Here we provide a review on its structure, regulation, and molecular function, and further highlight recent findings in human non-cancerous diseases, which will provide a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Zhanjun Jia, ; Weiwei Xia,
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Zhanjun Jia, ; Weiwei Xia,
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5
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Pomerantz JL, Milner JD, Snow AL. Elevated IgE from attenuated CARD11 signaling: lessons from atopic mice and humans. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 79:102255. [PMID: 36334349 PMCID: PMC10424059 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
CARD11 encodes a large scaffold protein responsible for integrating antigen-receptor engagement with downstream signaling to NF-kB and other outputs in lymphocytes. Over the past 10 years, several human-inborn errors of immunity have been linked to pathogenic CARD11 mutations. Most recently, severe atopic patients were discovered that carried heterozygous dominant-negative CARD11 mutations. Here, we review the mechanistic connections between attenuated CARD11 signaling, elevated IgE, and atopy, comparing and contrasting key insights from both human patients and murine models. Continued investigation of abnormal CARD11 signaling in both contexts should inform novel therapeutic strategies to combat allergic pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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6
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Urdinez L, Erra L, Palma AM, Mercogliano MF, Fernandez JB, Prieto E, Goris V, Bernasconi A, Sanz M, Villa M, Bouso C, Caputi L, Quesada B, Solis D, Aguirre Bruzzo A, Katsicas MM, Galluzzo L, Weyersberg C, Bocian M, Bujan MM, Oleastro M, Almejun MB, Danielian S. Expanding spectrum, intrafamilial diversity, and therapeutic challenges from 15 patients with heterozygous CARD11-associated diseases: A single center experience. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020927. [PMID: 36405754 PMCID: PMC9668901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CARD11-associated diseases are monogenic inborn errors of immunity involving immunodeficiency, predisposition to malignancy and immune dysregulation such as lymphoproliferation, inflammation, atopic and autoimmune manifestations. Defects in CARD11 can present as mutations that confer a complete or a partial loss of function (LOF) or contrarily, a gain of function (GOF) of the affected gene product. We report clinical characteristics, immunophenotypes and genotypes of 15 patients from our center presenting with CARD11-associated diseases. Index cases are pediatric patients followed in our immunology division who had access to next generation sequencing studies. Variant significance was defined by functional analysis in cultured cells transfected with a wild type and/or with mutated hCARD11 constructs. Cytoplasmic aggregation of CARD11 products was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Nine index patients with 9 unique heterozygous CARD11 variants were identified. At the time of the identification, 7 variants previously unreported required functional validation. Altogether, four variants showed a GOF effect as well a spontaneous aggregation in the cytoplasm, leading to B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) diagnosis. Additional four variants showing a LOF activity were considered as causative of CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-kB signaling (CADINS). The remaining variant exhibited a neutral functional assay excluding its carrier from further analysis. Family segregation studies expanded to 15 individuals the number of patients presenting CARD11-associated disease. A thorough clinical, immunophenotypical, and therapeutic management evaluation was performed on these patients (5 BENTA and 10 CADINS). A remarkable variability of disease expression was clearly noted among BENTA as well as in CADINS patients, even within multiplex families. Identification of novel CARD11 variants required functional studies to validate their pathogenic activity. In our cohort BENTA phenotype exhibited a more severe and expanded clinical spectrum than previously reported, e.g., severe hematological and extra hematological autoimmunity and 3 fatal outcomes. The growing number of patients with dysmorphic facial features strengthen the inclusion of extra-immune characteristics as part of the CADINS spectrum. CARD11-associated diseases represent a challenging group of disorders from the diagnostic and therapeutic standpoint, especially BENTA cases that can undergo a more severe progression than previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Urdinez
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorenzo Erra
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro M. Palma
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F. Mercogliano
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Belén Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emma Prieto
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Goris
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Bernasconi
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Sanz
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Villa
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Bouso
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucia Caputi
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belen Quesada
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Solis
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabel Aguirre Bruzzo
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Martha Katsicas
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Galluzzo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian Weyersberg
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Bocian
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Marta Bujan
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Oleastro
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B. Almejun
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Danielian
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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DeVore SB, Khurana Hershey GK. The role of the CBM complex in allergic inflammation and disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1011-1030. [PMID: 35981904 PMCID: PMC9643607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The caspase activation and recruitment domain-coiled-coil (CARD-CC) family of proteins-CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, and CARD14-is collectively expressed across nearly all tissues of the body and is a crucial mediator of immunologic signaling as part of the CARD-B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (CBM) complex. Dysfunction or dysregulation of CBM proteins has been linked to numerous clinical manifestations known as "CBM-opathies." The CBM-opathy spectrum encompasses diseases ranging from mucocutaneous fungal infections and psoriasis to combined immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases; however, there is accumulating evidence that the CARD-CC family members also contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation and allergic diseases. Here, we review the 4 CARD-CC paralogs, as well as B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1, and their individual and collective roles in the pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation and 4 major allergic diseases (allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and allergic rhinitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley B DeVore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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8
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Vaseghi-Shanjani M, Snow AL, Margolis DJ, Latrous M, Milner JD, Turvey SE, Biggs CM. Atopy as Immune Dysregulation: Offender Genes and Targets. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:1737-1756. [PMID: 35680527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from exaggerated type 2 inflammation. Although typically viewed as polygenic multifactorial disorders caused by the interaction of several genes with the environment, we have come to appreciate that allergic diseases can also be caused by monogenic variants affecting the immune system and the skin epithelial barrier. Through a myriad of genetic association studies and high-throughput sequencing tools, many monogenic and polygenic culprits of allergic diseases have been described. Identifying the genetic causes of atopy has shaped our understanding of how these conditions occur and how they may be treated and even prevented. Precision diagnostic tools and therapies that address the specific molecular pathways implicated in allergic inflammation provide exciting opportunities to improve our care for patients across the field of allergy and immunology. Here, we highlight offender genes implicated in polygenic and monogenic allergic diseases and list targeted therapeutic approaches that address these disrupted pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Vaseghi-Shanjani
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - David J Margolis
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Meriem Latrous
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Catherine M Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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9
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Bedsaul JR, Shah N, Hutcherson SM, Pomerantz JL. Mechanistic impact of oligomer poisoning by dominant-negative CARD11 variants. iScience 2022; 25:103810. [PMID: 35198875 PMCID: PMC8844825 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The CARD11 scaffold controls antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, JNK, and mTOR. Three classes of germline mutations in CARD11 cause Primary Immunodeficiency, including homozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in CARD11 deficiency, heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in BENTA disease, and heterozygous dominant-negative LOF mutations in CADINS. Here, we characterize LOF CARD11 mutants with a range of dominant-negative activities to identify the mechanistic properties that cause these variants to exert dominant effects when heterozygous. We find that strong dominant negatives can poison signaling from mixed wild-type:mutant oligomers at two steps in the CARD11 signaling cycle, at the Opening Step and at the Cofactor Association Step. Our findings provide evidence that CARD11 oligomer subunits cooperate in at least two steps during antigen receptor signaling and reveal how different LOF mutations in the same oligomeric signaling hub may cause disease with different inheritance patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn R. Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Neha Shah
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shelby M. Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joel L. Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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10
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Shen Y, Boulton APR, Yellon RL, Cook MC. Skin manifestations of inborn errors of NF-κB. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1098426. [PMID: 36733767 PMCID: PMC9888762 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1098426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 400 single gene defects have been identified as inborn errors of immunity, including many arising from genes encoding proteins that affect NF-κB activity. We summarise the skin phenotypes in this subset of disorders and provide an overview of pathogenic mechanisms. NF-κB acts cell-intrinsically in basal epithelial cells during differentiation of skin appendages, influences keratinocyte proliferation and survival, and both responses to and amplification of inflammation, particularly TNF. Skin phenotypes include ectodermal dysplasia, reduction and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, and aberrant recruitment of inflammatory cells, which often occur in combination. Phenotypes conferred by these rare monogenic syndromes often resemble those observed with more common defects. This includes oral and perineal ulceration and pustular skin disease as occurs with Behcet's disease, hyperkeratosis with microabscess formation similar to psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Thus, these genotype-phenotype relations provide diagnostic clues for this subset of IEIs, and also provide insights into mechanisms of more common forms of skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Shen
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne P R Boulton
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert L Yellon
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Centre for Personalised Immunology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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11
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Zhang F, Shi W, Liu H, Yu Y, Wang C, Wang Z, Sun L. Lack of association between CARD11 and atopic dermatitis in Chinese population. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:293-295. [PMID: 36386092 PMCID: PMC9644773 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_405_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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12
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Hutcherson SM, Bedsaul JR, Pomerantz JL. Pathway-Specific Defects in T, B, and NK Cells and Age-Dependent Development of High IgE in Mice Heterozygous for a CADINS-Associated Dominant Negative CARD11 Allele. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1150-1164. [PMID: 34341167 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CARD11 is a multidomain scaffold protein required for normal activation of NF-κB, JNK, and mTOR during Ag receptor signaling. Germline CARD11 mutations cause at least three types of primary immunodeficiency including CARD11 deficiency, B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA), and CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-κB signaling (CADINS). CADINS is uniquely caused by heterozygous loss-of-function CARD11 alleles that act as dominant negatives. CADINS patients present with frequent respiratory and skin infections, asthma, allergies, and atopic dermatitis. However, precisely how a heterozygous dominant negative CARD11 allele leads to the development of this CADINS-specific cluster of symptoms remains poorly understood. To address this, we generated mice expressing the CARD11 R30W allele originally identified in patients. We find that CARD11R30W/+ mice exhibit impaired signaling downstream of CARD11 that leads to defects in T, B, and NK cell function and immunodeficiency. CARD11R30W/+ mice develop elevated serum IgE levels with 50% penetrance that becomes more pronounced with age, but do not develop spontaneous atopic dermatitis. CARD11R30W/+ mice display reduced regulatory T cell numbers, but not the Th2 expansion observed in other mice with diminished CARD11 activity. Interestingly, the presence of mixed CARD11 oligomers in CARD11R30W/+ mice causes more severe signaling defects in T cells than in B cells, and specifically impacts IFN-γ production by NK cells, but not NK cell cytotoxicity. Our findings help explain the high susceptibility of CADINS patients to infection and suggest that the development of high serum IgE is not sufficient to induce overt atopic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacquelyn R Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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13
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Mechanistic understanding of the combined immunodeficiency in complete human CARD11 deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1559-1574.e13. [PMID: 33872653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline pathogenic variants impairing the caspase recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11)-B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma 10 (BCL10)-MALT1 paracaspase (MALT1) (CBM) complex are associated with diverse human diseases including combined immunodeficiency (CID), atopy, and lymphoproliferation. However, the impact of CARD11 deficiency on human B-cell development, signaling, and function is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the cellular, immunological, and biochemical basis of disease for 2 unrelated patients who presented with profound CID associated with viral and fungal respiratory infections, interstitial lung disease, and severe colitis. METHODS Patients underwent next-generation sequencing, immunophenotyping by flow cytometry, signaling assays by immunoblot, and transcriptome profiling by RNA-sequencing. RESULTS Both patients carried identical novel pathogenic biallelic loss-of-function variants in CARD11 (c.2509C>T; p.Arg837∗) leading to undetectable protein expression. This variant prevented CBM complex formation, severely impairing the activation of nuclear factor-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and MALT1 paracaspase activity in B and T cells. This functional defect resulted in a developmental block in B cells at the naive and type 1 transitional B-cell stage and impaired circulating T follicular helper cell (cTFH) development, which was associated with impaired antibody responses and absent germinal center structures on lymph node histology. Transcriptomics indicated that CARD11-dependent signaling is essential for immune signaling pathways involved in the development of these cells. Both patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, which led to functional normalization. CONCLUSIONS Complete human CARD11 deficiency causes profound CID by impairing naive/type 1 B-cell and cTFH cell development and abolishing activation of MALT1 paracaspase, NF-κB, and JNK activity. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation functionally restores impaired signaling pathways.
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14
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Translational Relevance of Mouse Models of Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040613. [PMID: 33561938 PMCID: PMC7914954 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of atopic dermatitis (AD) continues to present a challenge in the appropriate selection of a mouse model because no single murine model completely recapitulates all aspects of human AD. This has been further complicated by recent evidence of the distinct AD endotypes that are dictated by unique patterns of inflammation involving Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22 axes. A review of currently used mouse models demonstrates that while all AD mouse models consistently exhibit Th2 inflammation, only some demonstrate concomitant Th17 and/or Th22 induction. As the current understanding of the pathogenic contributions of these unique endotypes and their potential therapeutic roles expands, ongoing efforts to maximize a given mouse model’s homology with human AD necessitates a close evaluation of its distinct immunological signature.
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15
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Wei Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Hu Y, Jia P, Wang X, Zhao Q, Deng Y, Li N, Zang Y, Qin J, Wang X, Lu W. Pathogenic CARD11 mutations affect B cell development and differentiation through a noncanonical pathway. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/41/eaaw5618. [PMID: 31784498 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic CARD11 mutations cause aberrant nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, which is presumably responsible for multiple immunological disorders. However, whether there is an NF-κB-independent regulatory mechanism contributing to CARD11 mutations related to pathogenesis remains undefined. Using three distinct genetic mouse models, the Card11 knockout (KO) mouse model mimicking primary immunodeficiency, the CARD11 E134G point mutation mouse model representing BENTA (B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy) disease, and the mouse model bearing oncogenic K215M mutation, we show that CARD11 has a noncanonical function as a negative regulator of the AKT-FOXO1 signal axis, independent of NF-κB activation. Although BENTA disease-related E134G mutant elevates NF-κB activation, we find that E134G mutant mice phenotypically copy Card11 KO mice, in which NF-κB activation is disrupted. Mechanistically, the E134G mutant causes exacerbated AKT activation and reduced FOXO1 protein in B cells similar to that in Card11 KO cells. Moreover, the oncogenic CARD11 mutant K215M reinforces the importance of the noncanonical function of CARD11. In contrast to the E134G mutant, K215M shows a stronger inhibitory effect on AKT activation and more stabilized FOXO1. Likewise, E134G and K215M mutants have converse impacts on B cell development and differentiation. Our results demonstrate that, besides NF-κB, CARD11 also governs the AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway in B cells. The critical role of CARD11 is further revealed by the effects of pathogenic CARD11 mutants on this noncanonical regulatory function on the AKT-FOXO1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology (IHV), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmain Road, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmain Road, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Cheng J, Maurer LM, Kang H, Lucas PC, McAllister-Lucas LM. Critical protein-protein interactions within the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 complex: Take-home points for the cell biologist. Cell Immunol 2020; 355:104158. [PMID: 32721634 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The CBM complex, which is composed of the proteins CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1, serves multiple pivotal roles as a mediator of T-cell receptor and B-cell receptor-dependent NF-κB induction and lymphocyte activation. CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1 are each proto-oncoproteins and dysregulation of CBM signaling, as a result of somatic gain-of-function mutation or chromosomal translocation, is a hallmark of multiple lymphoid malignancies including Activated B-cell Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Moreover, loss-of-function as well as gain-of-function germline mutations in CBM complex proteins have been associated with a range of immune dysregulation syndromes. A wealth of detailed structural information has become available over the past decade through meticulous interrogation of the interactions between CBM components. Here, we review key findings regarding the biochemical nature of these protein-protein interactions which have ultimately led the field to a sophisticated understanding of how these proteins assemble into high-order filamentous CBM complexes. To date, approaches to therapeutic inhibition of the CBM complex for the treatment of lymphoid malignancy and/or auto-immunity have focused on blocking MALT1 protease function. We also review key studies relating to the structural impact of MALT1 protease inhibitors on key protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa M Maurer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heejae Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter C Lucas
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Akdis CA, Arkwright PD, Brüggen MC, Busse W, Gadina M, Guttman‐Yassky E, Kabashima K, Mitamura Y, Vian L, Wu J, Palomares O. Type 2 immunity in the skin and lungs. Allergy 2020; 75:1582-1605. [PMID: 32319104 DOI: 10.1111/all.14318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There has been extensive progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation and immune regulation in allergic diseases of the skin and lungs during the last few years. Asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD) are typical diseases of type 2 immune responses. interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin are essential cytokines of epithelial cells that are activated by allergens, pollutants, viruses, bacteria, and toxins that derive type 2 responses. Th2 cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) produce and secrete type 2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. IL-4 and IL-13 activate B cells to class-switch to IgE and also play a role in T-cell and eosinophil migration to allergic inflammatory tissues. IL-13 contributes to maturation, activation, nitric oxide production and differentiation of epithelia, production of mucus as well as smooth muscle contraction, and extracellular matrix generation. IL-4 and IL-13 open tight junction barrier and cause barrier leakiness in the skin and lungs. IL-5 acts on activation, recruitment, and survival of eosinophils. IL-9 contributes to general allergic phenotype by enhancing all of the aspects, such as IgE and eosinophilia. Type 2 ILC contribute to inflammation in AD and asthma by enhancing the activity of Th2 cells, eosinophils, and their cytokines. Currently, five biologics are licensed to suppress type 2 inflammation via IgE, IL-5 and its receptor, and IL-4 receptor alpha. Some patients with severe atopic disease have little evidence of type 2 hyperactivity and do not respond to biologics which target this pathway. Studies in responder and nonresponder patients demonstrate the complexity of these diseases. In addition, primary immune deficiency diseases related to T-cell maturation, regulatory T-cell development, and T-cell signaling, such as Omenn syndrome, severe combined immune deficiencies, immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome, and DOCK8, STAT3, and CARD11 deficiencies, help in our understanding of the importance and redundancy of various type 2 immune components. The present review aims to highlight recent advances in type 2 immunity and discuss the cellular sources, targets, and roles of type 2 mechanisms in asthma and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Peter D. Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - William Busse
- Department of Medicine School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section Office of Science and Technology National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease NIH Bethesda MD USA
| | - Emma Guttman‐Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Laura Vian
- Translational Immunology Section Office of Science and Technology National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease NIH Bethesda MD USA
| | - Jianni Wu
- Department of Dermatology, and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
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18
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Lu HY, Biggs CM, Blanchard-Rohner G, Fung SY, Sharma M, Turvey SE. Germline CBM-opathies: From immunodeficiency to atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 143:1661-1673. [PMID: 31060714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain (CARD) protein-B cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (BCL10)-MALT1 paracaspase (MALT1) [CBM] complexes are critical signaling adaptors that facilitate immune and inflammatory responses downstream of both cell surface and intracellular receptors. Germline mutations that alter the function of members of this complex (termed CBM-opathies) cause a broad array of clinical phenotypes, ranging from profound combined immunodeficiency to B-cell lymphocytosis. With an increasing number of patients being described in recent years, the clinical spectrum of diseases associated with CBM-opathies is rapidly expanding and becoming unexpectedly heterogeneous. Here we review major discoveries that have shaped our understanding of CBM complex biology, and we provide an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment options for those carrying germline mutations affecting CARD9, CARD11, CARD14, BCL10, and MALT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Y Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Catherine M Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shan-Yu Fung
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mehul Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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19
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Abstract
Primary atopic disorders describes a series of monogenic diseases that have allergy- or atopic effector–related symptoms as a substantial feature. The underlying pathogenic genetic lesions help illustrate fundamental pathways in atopy, opening up diagnostic and therapeutic options for further study in those patients, but ultimately for common allergic diseases as well. Key pathways affected in these disorders include T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling, cytokine signaling, skin barrier function, and mast cell function, as well as pathways that have not yet been elucidated. While comorbidities such as classically syndromic presentation or immune deficiency are often present, in some cases allergy alone is the presenting symptom, suggesting that commonly encountered allergic diseases exist on a spectrum of monogenic and complex genetic etiologies that are impacted by environmental risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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20
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Singh M, Jackson KJL, Wang JJ, Schofield P, Field MA, Koppstein D, Peters TJ, Burnett DL, Rizzetto S, Nevoltris D, Masle-Farquhar E, Faulks ML, Russell A, Gokal D, Hanioka A, Horikawa K, Colella AD, Chataway TK, Blackburn J, Mercer TR, Langley DB, Goodall DM, Jefferis R, Gangadharan Komala M, Kelleher AD, Suan D, Rischmueller M, Christ D, Brink R, Luciani F, Gordon TP, Goodnow CC, Reed JH. Lymphoma Driver Mutations in the Pathogenic Evolution of an Iconic Human Autoantibody. Cell 2020; 180:878-894.e19. [PMID: 32059783 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic autoantibodies arise in many autoimmune diseases, but it is not understood how the cells making them evade immune checkpoints. Here, single-cell multi-omics analysis demonstrates a shared mechanism with lymphoid malignancy in the formation of public rheumatoid factor autoantibodies responsible for mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. By combining single-cell DNA and RNA sequencing with serum antibody peptide sequencing and antibody synthesis, rare circulating B lymphocytes making pathogenic autoantibodies were found to comprise clonal trees accumulating mutations. Lymphoma driver mutations in genes regulating B cell proliferation and V(D)J mutation (CARD11, TNFAIP3, CCND3, ID3, BTG2, and KLHL6) were present in rogue B cells producing the pathogenic autoantibody. Antibody V(D)J mutations conferred pathogenicity by causing the antigen-bound autoantibodies to undergo phase transition to insoluble aggregates at lower temperatures. These results reveal a pre-neoplastic stage in human lymphomagenesis and a cascade of somatic mutations leading to an iconic pathogenic autoantibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | | | - Jing J Wang
- Department of Immunology, Flinders University and SA Pathology, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Peter Schofield
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Matt A Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine and Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia; The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - David Koppstein
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy J Peters
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Deborah L Burnett
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Simone Rizzetto
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Damien Nevoltris
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Etienne Masle-Farquhar
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Megan L Faulks
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Amanda Russell
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Divya Gokal
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Asami Hanioka
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-851, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikawa
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alexander D Colella
- Department of Immunology, Flinders University and SA Pathology, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Flinders Proteomics Facility, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Timothy K Chataway
- Flinders Proteomics Facility, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - James Blackburn
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tim R Mercer
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - David B Langley
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - D Margaret Goodall
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Roy Jefferis
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Anthony D Kelleher
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dan Suan
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Maureen Rischmueller
- Rheumatology Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Medical Sciences and Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tom P Gordon
- Department of Immunology, Flinders University and SA Pathology, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Christopher C Goodnow
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences and Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Joanne H Reed
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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21
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Wang Z, Hutcherson SM, Yang C, Jattani RP, Tritapoe JM, Yang YK, Pomerantz JL. Coordinated regulation of scaffold opening and enzymatic activity during CARD11 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14648-14660. [PMID: 31391255 PMCID: PMC6779434 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of key signaling pathways downstream of antigen receptor engagement is critically required for normal lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response. CARD11 is a multidomain signaling scaffold protein required for antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and mTOR. Germline mutations in the CARD11 gene result in at least four types of primary immunodeficiency, and somatic CARD11 gain-of-function mutations drive constitutive NF-κB activity in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and other lymphoid cancers. In response to antigen receptor triggering, CARD11 transitions from a closed, inactive state to an open, active scaffold that recruits multiple signaling partners into a complex to relay downstream signaling. However, how this signal-induced CARD11 conversion occurs remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the role of Inducible Element 1 (IE1), a short regulatory element in the CARD11 Inhibitory Domain, in the CARD11 signaling cycle. We find that IE1 controls the signal-dependent Opening Step that makes CARD11 accessible to the binding of cofactors, including Bcl10, MALT1, and the HOIP catalytic subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Surprisingly, we find that IE1 is also required at an independent step for the maximal activation of HOIP and MALT1 enzymatic activity after cofactor recruitment to CARD11. This role of IE1 reveals that there is an Enzymatic Activation Step in the CARD11 signaling cycle that is distinct from the Cofactor Association Step. Our results indicate that CARD11 has evolved to actively coordinate scaffold opening and the induction of enzymatic activity among recruited cofactors during antigen receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoquan Wang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Rakhi P Jattani
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Julia M Tritapoe
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Yong-Kang Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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22
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Sloboda N, Sorlin A, Valduga M, Beri-Dexheimer M, Bilbault C, Fouyssac F, Becker A, Lambert L, Bonnet C, Leheup B. Deletion of chr7p22 and chr15q11: Two Familial Cases of Immune Deficiency: Extending the Phenotype Toward Dysimmunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1871. [PMID: 31474980 PMCID: PMC6707040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We report here two new familial cases of associated del15q11 and del7p22, with the latter underlining the clinical variability of this deletion. Two siblings patients presented a similar familial imbalanced translocation, originating from a balanced maternal translocation, with deletions of 7p22 and of 15q11 [arr[GRCh37] 7p22.3-p22.2(42976-3736851)x1, 15q11.1-q11.2(20172544-24979427)x1]. Methods: We used aCGH array, FISH, and karyotype for studying the phenotype of the two patients. Results: The 7p22 deletion (3.5 Mb) contained 58 genes, including several OMIM genes. Patients 1 and 2 exhibited acquisition delays, morphological particularities, and hypogammaglobulinemia, which was more severe in patient 1. Patient 1 presented also with cerebral vasculitis. Conclusion: We discuss here how the PDGFa, CARD11, LFNG, GPER1, and MAFK genes, included in the deletion 7p22, could be involved in the clinical and biological features of the two patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Sloboda
- Clinic Genetics Department, Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Arthur Sorlin
- Clinic Genetics Department, Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Claire Bilbault
- Infantile Medicine Department (Neuropediatrics), Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Fanny Fouyssac
- Infantile Medicine Department (Hematopediatrics), Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Laëtitia Lambert
- Clinic Genetics Department, Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Bruno Leheup
- Clinic Genetics Department, Children Hospital, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
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23
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Policheni A, Horikawa K, Milla L, Kofler J, Bouillet P, Belz GT, O'Reilly LA, Goodnow CC, Strasser A, Gray DHD. CARD11 is dispensable for homeostatic responses and suppressive activity of peripherally induced FOXP3
+
regulatory T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:740-752. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Policheni
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Keisuke Horikawa
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics The John Curtin School of Medical Research The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Liz Milla
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Jennifer Kofler
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics The John Curtin School of Medical Research The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Philippe Bouillet
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Lorraine A O'Reilly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | | | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Daniel HD Gray
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
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24
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Kim D, Kobayashi T, Nagao K. Research Techniques Made Simple: Mouse Models of Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:984-990.e1. [PMID: 31010529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by impaired barrier function, eczematous dermatitis, and chronic pruritus. Mouse models have been heavily used to deepen our understanding of complicated disease mechanisms in AD and to provide a preclinical platform before performing clinical interventional research on novel therapeutic agents in humans. However, what aspects of human AD these mouse AD models faithfully recapitulate is insufficiently understood. We categorized mouse AD models into three groups: (i) inbred models, (ii) genetically engineered mice in which genes of interest are overexpressed or deleted in a specific cell type, and (iii) models induced by topical application of exogenous agents. To maximize benefits from current murine AD models, understanding the strengths and limitations of each model is essential when selecting a system suitable for a specific research question. We describe known and emerging AD mouse models and discuss the usefulness and pitfalls of each system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Kim
- Cutaneous Leukocyte Biology Section, Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Cutaneous Leukocyte Biology Section, Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keisuke Nagao
- Cutaneous Leukocyte Biology Section, Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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25
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Xu LS, Francis A, Turkistany S, Shukla D, Wong A, Batista CR, DeKoter RP. ETV6-RUNX1 interacts with a region in SPIB intron 1 to regulate gene expression in pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Exp Hematol 2019; 73:50-63.e2. [PMID: 30986496 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The most frequently occurring genetic abnormality in pediatric B-lymphocyte-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the t(12;21) chromosomal translocation that results in a ETV6-RUNX1 (also known as TEL-AML1) fusion gene. Expression of ETV6-RUNX1 induces a preleukemic condition leading to acquisition of secondary driver mutations, but the mechanism is poorly understood. SPI-B (encoded by SPIB) is an important transcriptional activator of B-cell development and differentiation. We hypothesized that SPIB is directly transcriptionally repressed by ETV6-RUNX1. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we identified a regulatory region in the first intron of SPIB that interacts with ETV6-RUNX1. Mutation of the RUNX1 binding site in SPIB intron 1 prevented transcriptional repression in transient transfection assays. Next, we sought to determine to what extent gene expression in REH cells can be altered by ectopic SPI-B expression. SPI-B expression was forced using CRISPR-mediated gene activation and also using a retroviral vector. Forced expression of SPI-B resulted in altered gene expression and, at high levels, impaired cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Finally, we identified CARD11 and CDKN1A (encoding p21) as transcriptional targets of SPI-B involved in regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. Taken together, this study identifies SPIB as an important target of ETV6-RUNX1 in regulation of B-cell gene expression in t(12;21) leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/genetics
- CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/biosynthesis
- CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/metabolism
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/biosynthesis
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Guanylate Cyclase/biosynthesis
- Guanylate Cyclase/genetics
- Humans
- Introns
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Response Elements
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Li S Xu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alyssa Francis
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Devanshi Shukla
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alison Wong
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina R Batista
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rodney P DeKoter
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and the Centre for Human Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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26
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Dorjbal B, Stinson JR, Ma CA, Weinreich MA, Miraghazadeh B, Hartberger JM, Frey-Jakobs S, Weidinger S, Moebus L, Franke A, Schäffer AA, Bulashevska A, Fuchs S, Ehl S, Limaye S, Arkwright PD, Briggs TA, Langley C, Bethune C, Whyte AF, Alachkar H, Nejentsev S, DiMaggio T, Nelson CG, Stone KD, Nason M, Brittain EH, Oler AJ, Veltri DP, Leahy TR, Conlon N, Poli MC, Borzutzky A, Cohen JI, Davis J, Lambert MP, Romberg N, Sullivan KE, Paris K, Freeman AF, Lucas L, Chandrakasan S, Savic S, Hambleton S, Patel SY, Jordan MB, Theos A, Lebensburger J, Atkinson TP, Torgerson TR, Chinn IK, Milner JD, Grimbacher B, Cook MC, Snow AL. Hypomorphic caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) mutations associated with diverse immunologic phenotypes with or without atopic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:1482-1495. [PMID: 30170123 PMCID: PMC6395549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) encodes a scaffold protein in lymphocytes that links antigen receptor engagement with downstream signaling to nuclear factor κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1. Germline CARD11 mutations cause several distinct primary immune disorders in human subjects, including severe combined immune deficiency (biallelic null mutations), B-cell expansion with nuclear factor κB and T-cell anergy (heterozygous, gain-of-function mutations), and severe atopic disease (loss-of-function, heterozygous, dominant interfering mutations), which has focused attention on CARD11 mutations discovered by using whole-exome sequencing. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the molecular actions of an extended allelic series of CARD11 and to characterize the expanding range of clinical phenotypes associated with heterozygous CARD11 loss-of-function alleles. METHODS Cell transfections and primary T-cell assays were used to evaluate signaling and function of CARD11 variants. RESULTS Here we report on an expanded cohort of patients harboring novel heterozygous CARD11 mutations that extend beyond atopy to include other immunologic phenotypes not previously associated with CARD11 mutations. In addition to (and sometimes excluding) severe atopy, heterozygous missense and indel mutations in CARD11 presented with immunologic phenotypes similar to those observed in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 loss of function, dedicator of cytokinesis 8 deficiency, common variable immunodeficiency, neutropenia, and immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked-like syndrome. Pathogenic variants exhibited dominant negative activity and were largely confined to the CARD or coiled-coil domains of the CARD11 protein. CONCLUSION These results illuminate a broader phenotypic spectrum associated with CARD11 mutations in human subjects and underscore the need for functional studies to demonstrate that rare gene variants encountered in expected and unexpected phenotypes must nonetheless be validated for pathogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - Jeffrey R Stinson
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - Chi A Ma
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michael A Weinreich
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Bahar Miraghazadeh
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Julia M Hartberger
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Frey-Jakobs
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lena Moebus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Md
| | - Alla Bulashevska
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fuchs
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter D Arkwright
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Langley
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bethune
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew F Whyte
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Hana Alachkar
- Immunology, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas DiMaggio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Celeste G Nelson
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Kelly D Stone
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Martha Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Erica H Brittain
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Bioinformatics and Computational Sciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Daniel P Veltri
- Bioinformatics and Computational Sciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - T Ronan Leahy
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and ID, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Conlon
- Department of Immunology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria C Poli
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Arturo Borzutzky
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Joie Davis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michele P Lambert
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kenneth Paris
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital, New Orleans, La
| | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Laura Lucas
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute for Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Y Patel
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Jordan
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Amy Theos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Jeffrey Lebensburger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - T Prescott Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Troy R Torgerson
- University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Wash
| | - Ivan K Chinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md.
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27
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Lork M, Staal J, Beyaert R. Ubiquitination and phosphorylation of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 signalosome in T cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 340:103877. [PMID: 30514565 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antigen receptor-induced signaling plays an important role in inflammation and immunity. Formation of a CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling complex is a key event in T- and B cell receptor-induced gene expression by regulating NF-κB activation and mRNA stability. Deregulated CARD11, BCL10 or MALT1 expression or CBM signaling have been associated with immunodeficiency, autoimmunity and cancer, indicating that CBM formation and function have to be tightly regulated. Over the past years great progress has been made in deciphering the molecular mechanisms of assembly and disassembly of the CBM complex. In this context, several posttranslational modifications play an indispensable role in regulating CBM function and downstream signal transduction. In this review we summarize how the different CBM components as well as their interplay are regulated by protein ubiquitination and phosphorylation in the context of T cell receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lork
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Staal
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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Ruland J, Hartjes L. CARD–BCL-10–MALT1 signalling in protective and pathological immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2018; 19:118-134. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Loss-of-function mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 14 (CARD14) are associated with a severe variant of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:173-181.e10. [PMID: 30248356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease that is known to be, at least in part, genetically determined. Mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 14 (CARD14) have been shown to result in various forms of psoriasis and related disorders. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify rare DNA variants conferring a significant risk for AD through genetic and functional studies in a cohort of patients affected with severe AD. METHODS Whole-exome and direct gene sequencing, immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, ELISA, and functional assays in human keratinocytes were used. RESULTS In a cohort of patients referred with severe AD, DNA sequencing revealed in 4 patients 2 rare heterozygous missense mutations in the gene encoding CARD14, a major regulator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). A dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that both mutations exert a dominant loss-of-function effect and result in decreased NF-κB signaling. Accordingly, immunohistochemistry staining showed decreased expression of CARD14 in patients' skin, as well as decreased levels of activated p65, a surrogate marker for NF-κB activity. CARD14-deficient or mutant-expressing keratinocytes displayed abnormal secretion of key mediators of innate immunity. CONCLUSIONS Although dominant gain-of-function mutations in CARD14 are associated with psoriasis and related diseases, loss-of-function mutations in the same gene are associated with a severe variant of AD.
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Bedsaul JR, Carter NM, Deibel KE, Hutcherson SM, Jones TA, Wang Z, Yang C, Yang YK, Pomerantz JL. Mechanisms of Regulated and Dysregulated CARD11 Signaling in Adaptive Immunity and Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2105. [PMID: 30283447 PMCID: PMC6156143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CARD11 functions as a key signaling scaffold that controls antigen-induced lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response. Somatic mutations in CARD11 are frequently found in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and at least three classes of germline CARD11 mutations have been described as the basis for primary immunodeficiency. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of how CARD11 signals, how its activity is regulated, and how mutations bypass normal regulation to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn R Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicole M Carter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katelynn E Deibel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tyler A Jones
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaoquan Wang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yong-Kang Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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31
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Lu HY, Bauman BM, Arjunaraja S, Dorjbal B, Milner JD, Snow AL, Turvey SE. The CBM-opathies-A Rapidly Expanding Spectrum of Human Inborn Errors of Immunity Caused by Mutations in the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 Complex. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2078. [PMID: 30283440 PMCID: PMC6156466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The caspase recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11 or CARMA1)-B cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (BCL10)-MALT1 paracaspase (MALT1) [CBM] signalosome complex serves as a molecular bridge between cell surface antigen receptor signaling and the activation of the NF-κB, JNK, and mTORC1 signaling axes. This positions the CBM complex as a critical regulator of lymphocyte activation, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. Inborn errors in each of the CBM components have now been linked to a diverse group of human primary immunodeficiency diseases termed "CBM-opathies." Clinical manifestations range from severe combined immunodeficiency to selective B cell lymphocytosis, atopic disease, and specific humoral defects. This surprisingly broad spectrum of phenotypes underscores the importance of "tuning" CBM signaling to preserve immune homeostasis. Here, we review the distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes associated with human CBM complex mutations and introduce new avenues for targeted therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Y Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Swadhinya Arjunaraja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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32
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Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Fonseca-Camarillo G, Furuzawa-Carballeda J, Sarmiento-Aguilar A, Barreto-Zuñiga R, Martínez-Benitez B, Lara-Velazquez MA. Caspase recruitment domain (CARD) family (CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, CARD14 and CARD15) are increased during active inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2018; 15:13. [PMID: 30008619 PMCID: PMC6042317 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-018-0189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The CARD family plays an important role in innate immune response by the activation of NF-κB. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression and to enumerate the protein-expressing cells of some members of the CARD family (CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, CARD14 and CARD15) in patients with IBD and normal controls without colonic inflammation. Methods We included 48 UC patients, 10 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients and 18 non-inflamed controls. Gene expression was performed by RT-PCR and protein expression by immunohistochemistry. CARD-expressing cells were assessed by estimating the positively staining cells and reported as the percentage. Results The CARD9 and CARD10 gene expression was significantly higher in UC groups compared with CD (P < 0.001). CARD11 had lower gene expression in UC than in CD patients (P < 0.001). CARD14 gene expression was higher in the group with active UC compared to non-inflamed controls (P < 0.001). The low expression of CARD14 gene was associated with a benign clinical course of UC, characterized by initial activity followed by long-term remission longer than 5 years (P = 0.01, OR = 0.07, 95%CI:0.007–0.70). CARD15 gene expression was lower in UC patients versus CD (P = 0.004). CARD9 protein expression was detected in inflammatory infiltrates; CARD14 in parenchymal cells, while CARD15 in inflammatory and parenchymal cells. CARD9−, CARD14− and CARD15 − expressing cells were significantly higher in patients with active UC versus non-inflamed controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion The CARD family is involved in the inflammatory process and might be involved in the IBD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús K Yamamoto-Furusho
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP, 14000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP, 14000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda
- 2Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea Sarmiento-Aguilar
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP, 14000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Barreto-Zuñiga
- 3Department of Endoscopy, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Braulio Martínez-Benitez
- 4Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Montserrat A Lara-Velazquez
- 5Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, C.P. Coyoacán, 04360 México City, Mexico
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Gehring T, Seeholzer T, Krappmann D. BCL10 - Bridging CARDs to Immune Activation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1539. [PMID: 30022982 PMCID: PMC6039553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (BCL10) protein was first described in 1999, numerous studies have elucidated its key functions in channeling adaptive and innate immune signaling downstream of CARMA/caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) scaffold proteins. While T and B cell antigen receptor (TCR/BCR) signaling induces the recruitment of BCL10 bound to mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)1 to the lymphocyte-specific CARMA1/CARD11–BCL10–MALT1 (CBM-1) signalosome, alternative CBM complexes utilize different CARMA/CARD scaffolds in distinct innate or inflammatory pathways. BCL10 constitutes the smallest subunit in all CBM signalosomes, containing a 233 amino acid coding for N-terminal CARD as well as a C-terminal Ser/Thr-rich region. BCL10 forms filaments, thereby aggregating into higher-order clusters that mediate and amplify stimulation-induced signals, ultimately leading to MALT1 protease activation and canonical NF-κB and JNK signaling. BCL10 additionally undergoes extensive post-translational regulation involving phosphorylation, ubiquitination, MALT1-catalyzed cleavage, and degradation. Through these feedback and feed-forward events, BCL10 integrates positive and negative regulatory processes that govern the function as well as the dynamic assembly, disassembly, and destruction of CBM complexes. Thus, BCL10 is a critical regulator for activation as well as termination of immune cell signaling, revealing that its role extends far beyond that of a mere linking factor in CBM complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Gehring
- Research Unit Cellular Signal Integration, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Seeholzer
- Research Unit Cellular Signal Integration, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Krappmann
- Research Unit Cellular Signal Integration, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Jung S, Gámez-Díaz L, Proietti M, Grimbacher B. "Immune TOR-opathies," a Novel Disease Entity in Clinical Immunology. Front Immunol 2018; 9:966. [PMID: 29867948 PMCID: PMC5954032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) represent a group of mostly monogenic disorders caused by loss- or gain-of-function mutations in over 340 known genes that lead to abnormalities in the development and/or the function of the immune system. However, mutations in different genes can affect the same cell-signaling pathway and result in overlapping clinical phenotypes. In particular, mutations in the genes encoding for members of the phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR/S6 kinase (S6K) signaling cascade or for molecules interacting with this pathway have been associated with different PIDs that are often characterized by the coexistence of both immune deficiency and autoimmunity. The serine/threonine kinase mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which acts downstream of PI3K and AKT, is emerging as a key regulator of immune responses. It integrates a variety of signals from the microenvironment to control cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism. mTOR plays therefore a central role in the regulation of immune cells’ differentiation and functions. Here, we review the different PIDs that share an impairment of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K pathway and we propose to name them “immune TOR-opathies” by analogy with a group of neurological disorders that has been originally defined by PB Crino and that are due to aberrant mTOR signaling (1). A better understanding of the role played by this complex intracellular cascade in the pathophysiology of “immune TOR-opathies” is crucial to develop targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jung
- CNRS, UPR 3572 (I2CT), Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Strasbourg - Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Gámez-Díaz
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michele Proietti
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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35
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Milner JD. TCR Signaling Abnormalities in Human Th2-Associated Atopic Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:719. [PMID: 29713322 PMCID: PMC5911486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of naïve CD4 T cells with weak T cell receptor agonists even in the absence of T helper-skewing cytokines can result in IL-4 production which can drive a Th2 response. Evidence for the in vivo consequences of such a phenomenon can be found in a number of mouse models and, importantly, a series of monogenic human diseases associated with significant atopy which are caused by mutations in the T cell receptor signaling cascade. Such diseases can help understand how Th2 responses evolve in humans, and potentially provide insight into therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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36
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Karim ZA, Hensch NR, Qasim H, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. Role of IκB kinase β in regulating the remodeling of the CARMA1-Bcl10-MALT1 complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:268-274. [PMID: 29649481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The current work investigates the notion that inducible clustering of signaling mediators of the IKK pathway is important for platelet activation. Thus, while the CARMA1, Bcl10, and MALT1 (CBM) complex is essential for triggering IKK/NF-κB activation upon platelet stimulation, the signals that elicit its formation and downstream effector activation remain elusive. We demonstrate herein that IKKβ is involved in membrane fusion, and serves as a critical protein kinase required for initial formation and the regulation of the CARMA1/MALT1/Bcl10/CBM complex in platelets. We also show that IKKβ regulates these processes via modulation of phosphorylation of Bcl10 and IKKγ polyubiquitination. Collectively, our data demonstrate that IKKβ regulates membrane fusion and the remodeling of the CBM complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair A Karim
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
| | - Nicole R Hensch
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Hanan Qasim
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- 1101 N. Campbell St, Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
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37
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Lyons JJ, Milner JD. Primary atopic disorders. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1009-1022. [PMID: 29549114 PMCID: PMC5881472 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Important insights from monogenic disorders into the immunopathogenesis of allergic diseases and reactions are discussed. Monogenic disorders have provided fundamental insights into human immunity and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The pathways identified as critical in the development of atopy range from focal defects in immune cells and epithelial barrier function to global changes in metabolism. A major goal of studying heritable single-gene disorders that lead to severe clinical allergic diseases is to identify fundamental pathways leading to hypersensitivity that can be targeted to provide novel therapeutic strategies for patients with allergic diseases, syndromic and nonsyndromic alike. Here, we review known single-gene disorders leading to severe allergic phenotypes in humans, discuss how the revealed pathways fit within our current understanding of the atopic diathesis, and propose how some pathways might be targeted for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Lyons
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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38
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Miraghazadeh B, Cook MC. Nuclear Factor-kappaB in Autoimmunity: Man and Mouse. Front Immunol 2018; 9:613. [PMID: 29686669 PMCID: PMC5900062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) is a transcription complex crucial for host defense mediated by innate and adaptive immunity, where canonical NF-κB signaling, mediated by nuclear translocation of RelA, c-Rel, and p50, is important for immune cell activation, differentiation, and survival. Non-canonical signaling mediated by nuclear translocation of p52 and RelB contributes to lymphocyte maturation and survival and is also crucial for lymphoid organogenesis. We outline NF-κB signaling and regulation, then summarize important molecular contributions of NF-κB to mechanisms of self-tolerance. We relate these mechanisms to autoimmune phenotypes described in what is now a substantial catalog of immune defects conferred by mutations in NF-κB pathways in mouse models. Finally, we describe Mendelian autoimmune syndromes arising from human NF-κB mutations, and speculate on implications for understanding sporadic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Miraghazadeh
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Translational Research Unit, Canberra Hospital, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthew C. Cook
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Translational Research Unit, Canberra Hospital, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Acton, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Matthew C. Cook,
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39
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Dadi H, Jones TA, Merico D, Sharfe N, Ovadia A, Schejter Y, Reid B, Sun M, Vong L, Atkinson A, Lavi S, Pomerantz JL, Roifman CM. Combined immunodeficiency and atopy caused by a dominant negative mutation in caspase activation and recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:1818-1830.e2. [PMID: 28826773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined immunodeficiency (CID) is a T-cell defect frequently presenting with recurrent infections, as well as associated immune dysregulation manifesting as autoimmunity or allergic inflammation. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the genetic aberration in 4 related patients with CID, early-onset asthma, eczema, and food allergies, as well as autoimmunity. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing, followed by Sanger confirmation, assessment of the genetic variant effect on cell signaling, and evaluation of the resultant immune function. RESULTS A heterozygous novel c.C88T 1-bp substitution resulting in amino acid change R30W in caspase activation and recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11) was identified by using whole-exome sequencing and segregated perfectly to family members with severe atopy only but was not found in healthy subjects. We demonstrate that the R30W mutation results in loss of function while also exerting a dominant negative effect on wild-type CARD11. The CARD11 defect altered the classical nuclear factor κB pathway, resulting in poor in vitro T-cell responses to mitogens and antigens caused by reduced secretion of IFN-γ and IL-2. CONCLUSION Unlike patients with biallelic mutations in CARD11 causing severe CID, the R30W defect results in a less profound yet prominent susceptibility to infections, as well as multiorgan atopy and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjit Dadi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler A Jones
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | | | - Nigel Sharfe
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adi Ovadia
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yael Schejter
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Reid
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Sun
- Deep Genomics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Vong
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adelle Atkinson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sasson Lavi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Chaim M Roifman
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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40
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Ma CA, Stinson JR, Zhang Y, Abbott JK, Weinreich MA, Hauk PJ, Reynolds PR, Lyons JJ, Nelson CG, Ruffo E, Dorjbal B, Glauzy S, Yamakawa N, Arjunaraja S, Voss K, Stoddard J, Niemela J, Zhang Y, Rosenzweig SD, McElwee JJ, DiMaggio T, Matthews HF, Jones N, Stone KD, Palma A, Oleastro M, Prieto E, Bernasconi AR, Dubra G, Danielian S, Zaiat J, Marti MA, Kim B, Cooper MA, Romberg N, Meffre E, Gelfand EW, Snow AL, Milner JD. Germline hypomorphic CARD11 mutations in severe atopic disease. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1192-1201. [PMID: 28628108 PMCID: PMC5664152 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Few monogenic causes for severe manifestations of common allergic diseases have been identified. Through next-generation sequencing on a cohort of patients with severe atopic dermatitis with and without comorbid infections, we found eight individuals, from four families, with novel heterozygous mutations in CARD11, which encodes a scaffolding protein involved in lymphocyte receptor signaling. Disease improved over time in most patients. Transfection of mutant CARD11 expression constructs into T cell lines demonstrated both loss-of-function and dominant-interfering activity upon antigen receptor-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Patient T cells had similar defects, as well as low production of the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The mTORC1 and IFN-γ production defects were partially rescued by supplementation with glutamine, which requires CARD11 for import into T cells. Our findings indicate that a single hypomorphic mutation in CARD11 can cause potentially correctable cellular defects that lead to atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi A Ma
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jordan K Abbott
- Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael A Weinreich
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pia J Hauk
- Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jonathan J Lyons
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Celeste G Nelson
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisa Ruffo
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Salomé Glauzy
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Natsuko Yamakawa
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Swadhinya Arjunaraja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelsey Voss
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Stoddard
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie Niemela
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Human Immunological Disease Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua J McElwee
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas DiMaggio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Helen F Matthews
- Human Immunological Disease Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nina Jones
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., NCI Campus at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelly D Stone
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alejandro Palma
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Oleastro
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emma Prieto
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea R Bernasconi
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Geronimo Dubra
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Danielian
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jonathan Zaiat
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo A Marti
- Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brian Kim
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Megan A Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Neil Romberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erwin W Gelfand
- Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Luo W, Xu W, Xia L, Xie D, Wang L, Guo Z, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Li W. Family-based whole exome sequencing of atopic dermatitis complicated with cataracts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59446-59454. [PMID: 28938649 PMCID: PMC5601745 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disorder with elevated prevalence. Cataract induced by AD rarely occurs in adolescent and young adult patients, which is also called atopic cataract. Using whole exome sequencing, we aimed to explore genetic alterations among AD and atopic cataract. Result We recruited a 19 year-old Chinese male with AD accompanied with cataracts, his father with AD and his mother without AD or cataract. Through analysis of the exomic sequence of the 3 individuals from the same family, we identified that with respect to AD, there were 162 genes mutated in both this patient and his father but not in his mother. In addition, we found 10 genes mutated in this patient only without in his parents according to cataract. Conclusion This research suggests that coinheritance of mutations in these genes may correlate with AD, and the pathogenesis of AD complicated with cataracts was related to genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Wangdong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Lin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Zaipei Guo
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
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42
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Biggs CM, Lu HY, Turvey SE. Monogenic immune disorders and severe atopic disease. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1162-1163. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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43
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Meininger I, Krappmann D. Lymphocyte signaling and activation by the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 signalosome. Biol Chem 2017; 397:1315-1333. [PMID: 27420898 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signalosome triggers canonical NF-κB signaling and lymphocyte activation upon antigen-receptor stimulation. Genetic studies in mice and the analysis of human immune pathologies unveiled a critical role of the CBM complex in adaptive immune responses. Great progress has been made in elucidating the fundamental mechanisms that dictate CBM assembly and disassembly. By bridging proximal antigen-receptor signaling to downstream signaling pathways, the CBM complex exerts a crucial scaffolding function. Moreover, the MALT1 subunit confers a unique proteolytic activity that is key for lymphocyte activation. Deregulated 'chronic' CBM signaling drives constitutive NF-κB signaling and MALT1 activation, which contribute to the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as lymphomagenesis. Thus, the processes that govern CBM activation and function are promising targets for the treatment of immune disorders. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the functions and mechanisms of CBM signaling in lymphocytes and how CBM deregulations contribute to aberrant signaling in malignant lymphomas.
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44
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Hu DY, Wirasinha RC, Goodnow CC, Daley SR. IL-2 prevents deletion of developing T-regulatory cells in the thymus. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:1007-1016. [PMID: 28362433 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the thymus, strongly self-reactive T cells may undergo apoptotic deletion or differentiate into Foxp3+ T-regulatory (T-reg) cells. Mechanisms that partition T cells into these two fates are unclear. Here, we show that IL-2 signalling is required to prevent deletion of CD4+ CD8- CCR7+ Helios+ thymocytes poised to upregulate Foxp3. The deletion prevented by IL-2 signalling is Foxp3 independent and occurs later in thymocyte development than the deletion that is prevented by Card11 signalling. Our results distinguish two bottlenecks at which strongly self-reactive thymocytes undergo deletion or progress to the next stage of T-reg differentiation; Card11 regulates the first bottleneck and IL-2 regulates the second.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Hu
- Immunology Department, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
| | - Rushika C Wirasinha
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher C Goodnow
- Immunology Department, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia.,Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stephen R Daley
- Immunology Department, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia.,Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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45
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Ginster S, Bardet M, Unterreiner A, Malinverni C, Renner F, Lam S, Freuler F, Gerrits B, Voshol J, Calzascia T, Régnier CH, Renatus M, Nikolay R, Israël L, Bornancin F. Two Antagonistic MALT1 Auto-Cleavage Mechanisms Reveal a Role for TRAF6 to Unleash MALT1 Activation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169026. [PMID: 28052131 PMCID: PMC5214165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The paracaspase MALT1 has arginine-directed proteolytic activity triggered by engagement of immune receptors. Recruitment of MALT1 into activation complexes is required for MALT1 proteolytic function. Here, co-expression of MALT1 in HEK293 cells, either with activated CARD11 and BCL10 or with TRAF6, was used to explore the mechanism of MALT1 activation at the molecular level. This work identified a prominent self-cleavage site of MALT1 isoform A (MALT1A) at R781 (R770 in MALT1B) and revealed that TRAF6 can activate MALT1 independently of the CBM. Intramolecular cleavage at R781/R770 removes a C-terminal TRAF6-binding site in both MALT1 isoforms, leaving MALT1B devoid of the two key interaction sites with TRAF6. A previously identified auto-proteolysis site of MALT1 at R149 leads to deletion of the death-domain, thereby abolishing interaction with BCL10. By using MALT1 isoforms and cleaved fragments thereof, as well as TRAF6 WT and mutant forms, this work shows that TRAF6 induces N-terminal auto-proteolytic cleavage of MALT1 at R149 and accelerates MALT1 protein turnover. The MALT1 fragment generated by N-terminal self-cleavage at R149 was labile and displayed enhanced signaling properties that required an intact K644 residue, previously shown to be a site for mono-ubiquitination of MALT1. Conversely, C-terminal self-cleavage at R781/R770 hampered the ability for self-cleavage at R149 and stabilized MALT1 by hindering interaction with TRAF6. C-terminal self-cleavage had limited impact on MALT1A but severely reduced MALT1B proteolytic and signaling functions. It also abrogated NF-κB activation by N-terminally cleaved MALT1A. Altogether, this study provides further insights into mechanisms that regulate the scaffolding and activation cycle of MALT1. It also emphasizes the reduced functional capacity of MALT1B as compared to MALT1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Ginster
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maureen Bardet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adeline Unterreiner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claire Malinverni
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Renner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Freuler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bertran Gerrits
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Voshol
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Calzascia
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine H. Régnier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Renatus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Nikolay
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Israël
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Bornancin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Yang YK, Yang C, Chan W, Wang Z, Deibel KE, Pomerantz JL. Molecular Determinants of Scaffold-induced Linear Ubiquitinylation of B Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 10 (Bcl10) during T Cell Receptor and Oncogenic Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing Protein 11 (CARD11) Signaling. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25921-25936. [PMID: 27777308 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of NF-κB downstream of T cell receptor (TCR) engagement is a key signaling step required for normal lymphocyte function during the adaptive immune response. During TCR signaling, the adaptor protein Bcl10 is inducibly recruited to the CARD11 scaffold protein as part of a multicomponent complex that induces IκB kinase (IKK) activity and NF-κB activation. Here, we show that a consequence of this recruitment is the TCR-induced conjugation of Bcl10 with linear-linked polyubiquitin chains to generate the signaling intermediate Lin(Ub)n-Bcl10, which is required for the association of Bcl10 with the NEMO subunit of the IKK complex. The TCR-induced generation of Lin(Ub)n-Bcl10 requires Bcl10 lysines 17, 31, and 63, CARD11, MALT1, and the HOIP subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) but not the HOIP accessory protein SHARPIN. CARD11 promotes signal-induced Lin(Ub)n-Bcl10 generation by co-recruiting Bcl10 with HOIP, thereby bringing substrate to enzyme. The CARD11-HOIP interaction is rendered TCR-inducible by the four autoinhibitory repressive elements in the CARD11 inhibitory domain and involves the CARD11 coiled-coil domain and two independent regions of HOIP. Interestingly, oncogenic CARD11 variants associated with diffuse large B cell lymphoma spontaneously induce Lin(Ub)n-Bcl10 production to extents that correlate with their abilities to activate NF-κB and with their enhanced abilities to bind HOIP and Bcl10. Our results define molecular determinants that control the production of Lin(Ub)n-Bcl10, an important signaling intermediate in TCR and oncogenic CARD11 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kang Yang
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Chao Yang
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Waipan Chan
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Zhaoquan Wang
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Katelynn E Deibel
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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47
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Walsh MC, Lee J, Choi Y. Tumor necrosis factor receptor- associated factor 6 (TRAF6) regulation of development, function, and homeostasis of the immune system. Immunol Rev 2016; 266:72-92. [PMID: 26085208 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an adapter protein that mediates a wide array of protein-protein interactions via its TRAF domain and a RING finger domain that possesses non-conventional E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. First identified nearly two decades ago as a mediator of interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-mediated activation of NFκB, TRAF6 has since been identified as an actor downstream of multiple receptor families with immunoregulatory functions, including members of the TNFR superfamily, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, tumor growth factor-β receptors (TGFβR), and T-cell receptor (TCR). In addition to NFκB, TRAF6 may also direct activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and interferon regulatory factor pathways. In the context of the immune system, TRAF6-mediated signals have proven critical for the development, homeostasis, and/or activation of B cells, T cells, and myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts, as well as for organogenesis of thymic and secondary lymphoid tissues. In multiple cellular contexts, TRAF6 function is essential not only for proper activation of the immune system but also for maintaining immune tolerance, and more recent work has begun to identify mechanisms of contextual specificity for TRAF6, involving both regulatory protein interactions, and messenger RNA regulation by microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Walsh
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - JangEun Lee
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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48
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LRRK1 is critical in the regulation of B-cell responses and CARMA1-dependent NF-κB activation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25738. [PMID: 27166870 PMCID: PMC4863158 DOI: 10.1038/srep25738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling plays a critical role in B-cell activation and humoral immunity. In this study, we discovered a critical function of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) in BCR-mediated immune responses. Lrrk1−/− mice exhibited altered B1a-cell development and basal immunoglobulin production. In addition, these mice failed to produce IgG3 antibody in response to T cell–independent type 2 antigen due to defects in IgG3 class-switch recombination. Concomitantly, B cells lacking LRRK1 exhibited a profound defect in proliferation and survival upon BCR stimulation, which correlated with impaired BCR-mediated NF-κB activation and reduced expression of NF-κB target genes including Bcl-xL, cyclin D2, and NFATc1/αA. Furthermore, LRRK1 physically interacted and potently synergized with CARMA1 to enhance NF-κB activation. Our results reveal a critical role of LRRK1 in NF-κB signaling in B cells and the humoral immune response.
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49
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Naik E, Dixit VM. Usp9X Is Required for Lymphocyte Activation and Homeostasis through Its Control of ZAP70 Ubiquitination and PKCβ Kinase Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:3438-51. [PMID: 26936881 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To achieve a durable adaptive immune response, lymphocytes must undergo clonal expansion and induce a survival program that enables the persistence of Ag-experienced cells and the development of memory. During the priming phase of this response, CD4(+)T lymphocytes either remain tolerized or undergo clonal expansion. In this article, we show that Usp9X functions as a positive regulatory switch during T lymphocyte priming through removal of inhibitory monoubiquitination from ZAP70. In the absence of Usp9X, an increased amount of ZAP70 localized to early endosomes consistent with the role of monoubiquitin in endocytic sorting. Usp9X becomes competent to deubiquitinate ZAP70 through TCR-dependent phosphorylation and enhancement of its catalytic activity and association with the LAT signalosome. In B lymphocytes, Usp9X is required for the induction of PKCβ kinase activity after BCR-dependent activation. Accordingly, inUsp9Xknockout B cells, there was a significant reduction in phospho-CARMA1 levels that resulted in reduced CARMA1/Bcl-10/MALT-1 complex formation and NF-κB-dependent cell survival. The pleiotropic effect of Usp9X during Ag-receptor signaling highlights its importance for the development of an effective and durable adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina Naik
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | - Vishva M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080
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50
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Chen L, Oleksyn D, Pulvino M, Sanz I, Ryan D, Ryan C, Lin CS, Poligone B, Pentland AP, Ritchlin C, Zhao J. A critical role for the protein kinase PKK in the maintenance of recirculating mature B cells and the development of B1 cells. Immunol Lett 2016; 172:67-78. [PMID: 26921474 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase C associated kinase (PKK) regulates NF-κB activation and is required for the survival of certain lymphoma cells. Mice lacking PKK die soon after birth, and previous studies suggest that the role of PKK in B cell development might be context dependent. We have generated a mouse strain harboring conditional null alleles for PKK and a Cre-recombinase transgene under the control of the endogenous CD19 promoter. In the present study, we show that knockout of PKK in B cells results in the reduction of long-lived recirculating mature B cell population in lymph nodes and bone marrow as well as a decrease in peritoneal B1 cells, while PKK deficiency has no apparent effect on early B cell development in bone marrow or the development of follicular and marginal zone B cells in the spleen. In addition, we demonstrate that PKK-deficient B cells display defective proliferation and survival responses to stimulation of B cell receptor (BCR), which may underlie the reduction of recirculating mature B cells in PKK mutant mice. Consistently, BCR-mediated NF-κB activation, known to be required for the survival of activated but not resting B cells, is attenuated in PKK-deficient B cells. Thus, our results reveal a critical role of PKK in the maintenance of recirculating mature B cells as well as the development of B1 cells in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojing Chen
- Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
| | - David Oleksyn
- Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Mary Pulvino
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Ignacio Sanz
- Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Daniel Ryan
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Charlotte Ryan
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Chyuan-Sheng Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Brian Poligone
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Alice P Pentland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Christopher Ritchlin
- Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
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