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Liu R, He X, Bao W, Li Z. Enhancement of HPV therapeutic peptide-based vaccine efficacy through combination therapies and improved delivery strategies: A review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2396710. [PMID: 39193781 PMCID: PMC11364057 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2396710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to the development of various cancers, including head and neck, cervical, vaginal, penile, and anal cancers. The development of therapeutic vaccines against HPV-positive tumors is crucial for protecting individuals already infected with HPV, preventing tumor progression, and effectively treating the disease. The HPV therapeutic peptide-based vaccines demonstrate specificity and safety advantages by targeting specific epitopes while minimizing the risk of allergic or autoimmune reactions. However, HPV therapeutic peptide-based vaccines typically lack immunogenicity and frequently fail to induce effective immune responses. Therefore, there is a need for more effective approaches to improve the immunogenicity of HPV peptide-based vaccines. Here, we review relevant research and possible uses for increasing the immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy of HPV peptide-based vaccines through combined therapy and improved delivery strategies. Additional research is necessary to validate the application of combination therapy and delivery strategy modifications as standard treatment approaches for HPV therapeutic peptide-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlin He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanying Bao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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2
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de Graaf JF, Pesic T, Spitzer FS, Oosterhuis K, Camps MG, Zoutendijk I, Teunisse B, Zhu W, Arakelian T, Zondag GC, Arens R, van Bergen J, Ossendorp F. Neoantigen-specific T cell help outperforms non-specific help in multi-antigen DNA vaccination against cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200835. [PMID: 39040850 PMCID: PMC11261851 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
CD4+ T helper antigens are essential components of cancer vaccines, but the relevance of the source of these MHC class II-restricted antigens remains underexplored. To compare the effectiveness of tumor-specific versus tumor-unrelated helper antigens, we designed three DNA vaccines for the murine MC-38 colon carcinoma, encoding CD8+ T cell neoantigens alone (noHELP) or in combination with either "universal" helper antigens (uniHELP) or helper neoantigens (neoHELP). Both types of helped vaccines increased the frequency of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells, and particularly uniHELP increased the fraction of KLRG1+ and PD-1low effector cells. However, when mice were subsequently injected with MC-38 cells, only neoHELP vaccination resulted in significantly better tumor control than noHELP. In contrast to uniHELP, neoHELP-induced tumor control was dependent on the presence of CD4+ T cells, while both vaccines relied on CD8+ T cells. In line with this, neoHELP variants containing wild-type counterparts of the CD4+ or CD8+ T cell neoantigens displayed reduced tumor control. These data indicate that optimal personalized cancer vaccines should include MHC class II-restricted neoantigens to elicit tumor-specific CD4+ T cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamara Pesic
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Felicia S. Spitzer
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marcel G.M. Camps
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wahwah Zhu
- Synvolux BV, 2333 CH Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tsolere Arakelian
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben C. Zondag
- Immunetune BV, 2333 CH Leiden, the Netherlands
- Synvolux BV, 2333 CH Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
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Ottobre M, Van Snick J, Aparicio JL. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is involved in antibody specificity to conformational epitopes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 739:150588. [PMID: 39191146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The specificity of antibodies (Ab) is essential for the precise recognition of foreign or dangerous molecules. We have shown that mice infected with non-pathogenic Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus (LDV) inoculated with human growth hormone (hGH) or Ovalbumin (OVA), exhibit modified specificity of anti-hGH or anti-OVA Ab associated with the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-13, and IL-17. Cytokines are directly or indirectly involved in the isotypes, specificity, and affinity of Ab. Accordingly, here we investigated the effect of IL-17 neutralization on Ab specificities to OVA and Diphtheria Toxoid (DTx) in a mouse model of viral infection. Thereby, we employed an anti-cytokine "auto-vaccination" with an OVA/IL-17A complex or a Monoclonal Ab (MAb) anti-IL-17A (MM17/F3). Competitive ELISA assays were used to estimate the quality of the humoral immune response and the amount of Abs to conformational versus linear antigenic determinants. Results indicated that the OVA/IL-17A complex increased Abs levels to conformational epitopes of OVA, while LDV prolonged antibodies for a longer period. Mice treated with MM17F3 MAb showed an increase in Abs to conformational epitopes of OVA. A similar effect, confirmed by a competitive Western-blot assay, was produced by LDV. Moreover, an increased level of IgM, IgG1, and IgG2a was found in infected animals. Similarly, MAb anti-IL-17A treatment increased the proportion of Ab to conformational epitopes of DTx in uninfected mice, while LDV decreased this parameter. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a correlation between IL-17A neutralization and a change in Ab specificity to OVA or DTx, presenting a novel strategy for obtaining Abs with higher specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Ottobre
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jacques Van Snick
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | - José L Aparicio
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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4
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Das T, Datta S, Sen A. Revolutionizing Nipah virus vaccinology: insights into subunit vaccine development strategies and immunological advances. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:69. [PMID: 39070666 PMCID: PMC11282045 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The Nipah virus (NiV), a zoonotic virus in the Henipavirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family, emerged in Malaysia in 1998 and later spread globally. Diseased patients may have a 40- 70% chance of fatality depending on the severity and early medication. The recent outbreak of NiV was reported in Kerala (India) by a new strain of MCL-19-H-1134 isolate. Currently, no vaccines are available, highlighting the critical need for a conclusive remedy. Our study aims to develop a subunit vaccine against the NiV by analyzing its proteome. NiV genome and proteome sequences were obtained from the NCBI database. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on genome alignment. T-cell, helper T-cell, and B-cell epitopes were predicted from the protein sequences using NetCTL-1.2, NetMHCIIPan-4.1, and IEDB servers, respectively. High-affinity epitopes for human receptors were selected to construct a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV). These epitopes' antigenicity, toxicity, and allergenicity were evaluated using VaxiJen, AllergenFP-v.1.0, and AllergenFP algorithms. Molecular interactions with specific receptors were analyzed using PyRx and ClusPro. Amino acid interactions were visualized and analyzed using PyMOL and LigPlot. Immuno-simulation was conducted using C-ImmSim to assess the immune response elicited by the MEV. Finally, the vaccine cDNA was inserted into the pET28a(+) expression vector using SnapGene tool for in silico cloning in an E. coli host. The potential for an imminent outbreak cannot be overlooked. A subunit vaccine is more cost-effective and time-efficient. With additional in vitro and in vivo validation, this vaccine could become a superior preventive measure against NiV disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-024-00246-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Das
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
| | - Sutapa Datta
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
| | - Arnab Sen
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
- Bioinformatics Facility Centre, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
- Biswa Bangla Genome Centre, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
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Sharif E, Nezafat N, Ahmadi FM, Mohit E. In Silico Design of CT26 Polytope and its Surface Display by ClearColi™-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Cancer Vaccine Candidate Against Colon Carcinoma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04971-x. [PMID: 38958886 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous targeting of several mutations can be useful in colorectal cancer (CRC) due to its heterogeneity and presence of somatic mutations. As CT26 mutations and expression profiles resemble those of human CRC, we focused on designing a polyepitope vaccine based on CT26 neoepitopes. Due to its low immunogenicity, outer membrane vesicles (rOMV) as an antigen delivery system and adjuvant was applied. Herein, based on previous experimental and our in silico studies four CT26 neoepitopes with the ability to bind MHC-I and MHC-II, TCR, and induce IFN-α production were selected. To increase their immunogenicity, the gp70 and PADRE epitopes were added. The order of the neoepitopes was determined through 3D structure analysis using ProSA, Verify 3D, ERRAT, and Ramachandran servers. The stable peptide-protein docking between the selected epitopes and MHC alleles strengthen our prediction. The CT26 polytope vaccine sequence was fused to the C-terminal of cytolysin A (ClyA) anchor protein and rOMVs were isolated from endotoxin-free ClearColi™ strain. The results of the C-ImmSim server showed that the ClyA-CT26 polytope vaccine could induce T and B cells immunity.The ClyA-CT26 polytope was characterized as a soluble, stable, immunogen, and non-allergen vaccine and optimized for expression in ClearColi™ 24 h after induction with 1 mM IPTG at 25 °C. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of ClyA-CT26 polytope by ClearColi™ and also on ClearColi™-derived rOMVs. In conclusion, we found that ClearColi™-derived rOMVs with CT26 polytope can deliver CRC neoantigens and induce antitumor immunity, but in vivo immunological studies are needed to confirm vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sharif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 2660, Vali-e-Asr Ave, Tehran, 1991953381, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 2660, Vali-e-Asr Ave, Tehran, 1991953381, Iran.
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Pankhurst TE, Montgomerie I, Marshall A, Draper SL, Bilbrough T, Button KR, Palmer OR, Hermans IF, Painter GF, Connor LM, Compton BJ. A Glycolipid-Peptide-Hapten Tricomponent Conjugate Vaccine Generates Durable Antihapten Antibody Responses in Mice. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1366-1375. [PMID: 38829263 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Eliciting an antihapten antibody response to vaccination typically requires the use of constructs where multiple copies of the hapten are covalently attached to a larger carrier molecule. The carrier is required to elicit T cell help via presentation of peptide epitopes on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules; as such, attachment to full-sized proteins, alone or in a complex, is generally used to account for the significant MHC diversity in humans. While such carrier-based vaccines have proven extremely successful, particularly in protecting against bacterial diseases, they can be challenging to manufacture, and repeated use can be compromised by pre-existing immunity against the carrier. One approach to reducing these complications is to recruit help from type I natural killer T (NKT) cells, which exhibit limited diversity in their antigen receptors and respond to glycolipid antigens presented by the highly conserved presenting molecule CD1d. Synthetic vaccines for universal use can, therefore, be prepared by conjugating haptens to an NKT cell agonist such as α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer, KRN7000). An additional advantage is that the quality of NKT cell help is sufficient to overcome the need for an extra immune adjuvant. However, while initial studies with αGalCer-hapten conjugate vaccines report strong and rapid antihapten antibody responses, they can fail to generate lasting memory. Here, we show that antibody responses to the hapten 4-hydoxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl (NP) can be improved through additional attachment of a fusion peptide containing a promiscuous helper T cell epitope (Pan DR epitope, PADRE) that binds diverse MHC class II molecules. Such αGalCer-hapten-peptide tricomponent vaccines generate strong and sustained anti-NP antibody titers with increased hapten affinity compared to vaccines without the helper epitope. The tricomponent vaccine platform is therefore suitable for further exploration in the pursuit of efficacious antihapten immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa E Pankhurst
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle Montgomerie
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Marshall
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Sarah L Draper
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Tim Bilbrough
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Kaileen R Button
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Olga R Palmer
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Ian F Hermans
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Gavin F Painter
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Lisa M Connor
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin J Compton
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
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Chang X, Ma J, Zhou Y, Xiao S, Xiao X, Fang L. Development of a Ferritin Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine with PRRSV GP5 Protein. Viruses 2024; 16:991. [PMID: 38932282 PMCID: PMC11209462 DOI: 10.3390/v16060991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) presents a significant threat to the global swine industry. The development of highly effective subunit nanovaccines is a promising strategy for preventing PRRSV variant infections. In this study, two different types of ferritin (Ft) nanovaccines targeting the major glycoprotein GP5, named GP5m-Ft and (Bp-IVp)3-Ft, were constructed and evaluated as vaccine candidates for PRRSV. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) demonstrated that both purified GP5m-Ft and (Bp-IVp)3-Ft proteins could self-assemble into nanospheres. A comparison of the immunogenicity of GP5m-Ft and (Bp-IVp)3-Ft with an inactivated PRRSV vaccine in BALB/c mice revealed that mice immunized with GP5m-Ft exhibited the highest ELISA antibody levels, neutralizing antibody titers, the lymphocyte proliferation index, and IFN-γ levels. Furthermore, vaccination with the GP5m-Ft nanoparticle effectively protected piglets against a highly pathogenic PRRSV challenge. These findings suggest that GP5m-Ft is a promising vaccine candidate for controlling PRRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xun Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.C.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (S.X.)
- The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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Hovakimyan A, Chilingaryan G, King O, Capocchi JK, Chadarevian JP, Davtyan H, Kniazev R, Agadjanyan MG, Ghochikyan A. mRNA Vaccine for Alzheimer's Disease: Pilot Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:659. [PMID: 38932388 PMCID: PMC11209092 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating global healthcare challenge posed by Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and compounded by the lack of effective treatments emphasizes the urgent need for innovative approaches to combat this devastating disease. Currently, passive and active immunotherapies remain the most promising strategy for AD. FDA-approved lecanemab significantly reduces Aβ aggregates from the brains of early AD patients administered biweekly with this humanized monoclonal antibody. Although the clinical benefits noted in these trials have been modest, researchers have emphasized the importance of preventive immunotherapy. Importantly, data from immunotherapy studies have shown that antibody concentrations in the periphery of vaccinated people should be sufficient for targeting Aβ in the CNS. To generate relatively high concentrations of antibodies in vaccinated people at risk of AD, we generated a universal vaccine platform, MultiTEP, and, based on it, developed a DNA vaccine, AV-1959D, targeting pathological Aβ, completed IND enabling studies, and initiated a Phase I clinical trial with early AD volunteers. Our current pilot study combined our advanced MultiTEP technology with a novel mRNA approach to develop an mRNA vaccine encapsulated in lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs), AV-1959LR. Here, we report our initial findings on the immunogenicity of 1959LR in mice and non-human primates, comparing it with the immunogenicity of its DNA counterpart, AV-1959D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armine Hovakimyan
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Garri Chilingaryan
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Olga King
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Joia Kai Capocchi
- The Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, The University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.K.C.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- The Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, The University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.K.C.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- The Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, The University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.K.C.)
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Roman Kniazev
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Michael G. Agadjanyan
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Anahit Ghochikyan
- The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; (A.H.); (G.C.); (O.K.); (R.K.)
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Sobczak JM, Barkovska I, Balke I, Rothen DA, Mohsen MO, Skrastina D, Ogrina A, Martina B, Jansons J, Bogans J, Vogel M, Bachmann MF, Zeltins A. Identifying Key Drivers of Efficient B Cell Responses: On the Role of T Help, Antigen-Organization, and Toll-like Receptor Stimulation for Generating a Neutralizing Anti-Dengue Virus Response. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:661. [PMID: 38932390 PMCID: PMC11209419 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
T help (Th), stimulation of toll-like receptors (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs), and antigen organization and repetitiveness (pathogen-associated structural patterns, PASPs) were shown numerous times to be important in driving B-cell and antibody responses. In this study, we dissected the individual contributions of these parameters using newly developed "Immune-tag" technology. As model antigens, we used eGFP and the third domain of the dengue virus 1 envelope protein (DV1 EDIII), the major target of virus-neutralizing antibodies. The respective proteins were expressed alone or genetically fused to the N-terminal fragment of the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) capsid protein-nCMV, rendering the antigens oligomeric. In a step-by-step manner, RNA was attached as a PAMP, and/or a universal Th-cell epitope was genetically added for additional Th. Finally, a PASP was added to the constructs by displaying the antigens highly organized and repetitively on the surface of CMV-derived virus-like particles (CuMV VLPs). Sera from immunized mice demonstrated that each component contributed stepwise to the immunogenicity of both proteins. All components combined in the CuMV VLP platform induced by far the highest antibody responses. In addition, the DV1 EDIII induced high levels of DENV-1-neutralizing antibodies only if displayed on VLPs. Thus, combining multiple cues typically associated with viruses results in optimal antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Sobczak
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (D.A.R.); (M.O.M.); (M.V.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irena Barkovska
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ina Balke
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Dominik A. Rothen
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (D.A.R.); (M.O.M.); (M.V.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mona O. Mohsen
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (D.A.R.); (M.O.M.); (M.V.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dace Skrastina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anete Ogrina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Byron Martina
- Artemis Bioservices, 2629 JD Delft, The Netherlands;
- Protinhi Therapeutics, 6534 AT Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juris Jansons
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (D.A.R.); (M.O.M.); (M.V.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (D.A.R.); (M.O.M.); (M.V.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andris Zeltins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.B.); (I.B.); (D.S.); (A.O.); (J.J.); (J.B.); (A.Z.)
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10
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Bhalerao P, Singh S, Prajapati VK, Bhatt TK. Exploring malaria parasite surface proteins to devise highly immunogenic multi-epitope subunit vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100377. [PMID: 38797552 PMCID: PMC11089370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria has remained a major health concern for decades among people living in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Plasmodium falciparum is one of the critical species that cause severe malaria and is responsible for major mortality. Moreover, the parasite has generated resistance against all WHO recommended drugs and therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for preventive measures in the form of reliable vaccines to achieve the target of a malaria-free world. Surface proteins are the preferable choice for subunit vaccine development because they are rapidly detected and engaged by host immune cells and vaccination-induced antibodies. Additionally, abundant surface or membrane proteins may contribute to the opsonization of pathogens by vaccine-induced antibodies. RESULTS In our study, we have listed all those surface proteins from the literature that could be functionally important and essential for infection and immune evasion of the malaria parasite. Eight Plasmodium surface and membrane proteins from the pre-erythrocyte and erythrocyte stages were shortlisted. Thirty-seven epitopes (B-cell, CTL, and HTL epitopes) from these proteins were predicted using immune-informatic tools and joined with suitable peptide linkers to design a vaccine construct. A TLR-4 agonist peptide adjuvant was added at the N-terminus of the multi-epitope series, followed by the PADRE sequence and EAAAK linker. The TLR-4 receptor was docked with the construct's anticipated model structure. The complex of vaccine and TLR-4, with the lowest energy -1514, was found to be stable under simulated physiological settings. CONCLUSION This study has provided a novel multi-epitope construct that may be exploited further for the development of an efficient vaccine for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preshita Bhalerao
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Satyendra Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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11
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Schiffner T, Phung I, Ray R, Irimia A, Tian M, Swanson O, Lee JH, Lee CCD, Marina-Zárate E, Cho SY, Huang J, Ozorowski G, Skog PD, Serra AM, Rantalainen K, Allen JD, Baboo S, Rodriguez OL, Himansu S, Zhou J, Hurtado J, Flynn CT, McKenney K, Havenar-Daughton C, Saha S, Shields K, Schultze S, Smith ML, Liang CH, Toy L, Pecetta S, Lin YC, Willis JR, Sesterhenn F, Kulp DW, Hu X, Cottrell CA, Zhou X, Ruiz J, Wang X, Nair U, Kirsch KH, Cheng HL, Davis J, Kalyuzhniy O, Liguori A, Diedrich JK, Ngo JT, Lewis V, Phelps N, Tingle RD, Spencer S, Georgeson E, Adachi Y, Kubitz M, Eskandarzadeh S, Elsliger MA, Amara RR, Landais E, Briney B, Burton DR, Carnathan DG, Silvestri G, Watson CT, Yates JR, Paulson JC, Crispin M, Grigoryan G, Ward AB, Sok D, Alt FW, Wilson IA, Batista FD, Crotty S, Schief WR. Vaccination induces broadly neutralizing antibody precursors to HIV gp41. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1073-1082. [PMID: 38816615 PMCID: PMC11147780 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A key barrier to the development of vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other viruses of high antigenic diversity is the design of priming immunogens that induce rare bnAb-precursor B cells. The high neutralization breadth of the HIV bnAb 10E8 makes elicitation of 10E8-class bnAbs desirable; however, the recessed epitope within gp41 makes envelope trimers poor priming immunogens and requires that 10E8-class bnAbs possess a long heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (HCDR3) with a specific binding motif. We developed germline-targeting epitope scaffolds with affinity for 10E8-class precursors and engineered nanoparticles for multivalent display. Scaffolds exhibited epitope structural mimicry and bound bnAb-precursor human naive B cells in ex vivo screens, protein nanoparticles induced bnAb-precursor responses in stringent mouse models and rhesus macaques, and mRNA-encoded nanoparticles triggered similar responses in mice. Thus, germline-targeting epitope scaffold nanoparticles can elicit rare bnAb-precursor B cells with predefined binding specificities and HCDR3 features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Schiffner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivy Phung
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rashmi Ray
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Irimia
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ming Tian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Swanson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeong Hyun Lee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chang-Chun D Lee
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ester Marina-Zárate
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - So Yeon Cho
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jiachen Huang
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Patrick D Skog
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andreia M Serra
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kimmo Rantalainen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sabyasachi Baboo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Oscar L Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Jianfu Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Jonathan Hurtado
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claudia T Flynn
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katherine McKenney
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Colin Havenar-Daughton
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Swati Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Shields
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Steven Schultze
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Melissa L Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Chi-Hui Liang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Toy
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Simone Pecetta
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Cing Lin
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordan R Willis
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fabian Sesterhenn
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel W Kulp
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Hu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Cottrell
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoya Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Ruiz
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xuesong Wang
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Usha Nair
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathrin H Kirsch
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hwei-Ling Cheng
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jillian Davis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleksandr Kalyuzhniy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessia Liguori
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jolene K Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julia T Ngo
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vanessa Lewis
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicole Phelps
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan D Tingle
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Skye Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik Georgeson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yumiko Adachi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Kubitz
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Saman Eskandarzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marc A Elsliger
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rama R Amara
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elise Landais
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bryan Briney
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Multi-omics Vaccine Evaluation Consortium, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- San Diego Center for AIDS Research, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Diane G Carnathan
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Corey T Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gevorg Grigoryan
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Generate Biomedicines, Inc., Somerville, MA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Devin Sok
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frederick W Alt
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Facundo D Batista
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - William R Schief
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.
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12
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Kocabiyik O, Amlashi P, Vo AL, Suh H, Rodriguez-Aponte SA, Dalvie NC, Love JC, Andrabi R, Irvine DJ. Vaccine targeting to mucosal lymphoid tissues promotes humoral immunity in the gastrointestinal tract. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn7786. [PMID: 38809992 PMCID: PMC11135404 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Viruses, bacteria, and parasites frequently cause infections in the gastrointestinal tract, but traditional vaccination strategies typically elicit little or no mucosal antibody responses. Here, we report a strategy to effectively concentrate immunogens and adjuvants in gut-draining lymph nodes (LNs) to induce gut-associated mucosal immunity. We prepared nanoemulsions (NEs) based on biodegradable oils commonly used as vaccine adjuvants, which encapsulated a potent Toll-like receptor agonist and displayed antigen conjugated to their surface. Following intraperitoneal administration, these NEs accumulated in gut-draining mesenteric LNs, priming strong germinal center responses and promoting B cell class switching to immunoglobulin A (IgA). Optimized NEs elicited 10- to 1000-fold higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA titers in the serum and feces, respectively, compared to free antigen mixed with NE, and strong neutralizing antibody titers against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Thus, robust gut humoral immunity can be elicited by exploiting the unique lymphatic collection pathways of the gut with a lymph-targeting vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgun Kocabiyik
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Parastoo Amlashi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A. Lina Vo
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Heikyung Suh
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sergio A. Rodriguez-Aponte
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Neil C. Dalvie
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - J. Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Raiees Andrabi
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
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13
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Pierce BG, Felbinger N, Metcalf M, Toth EA, Ofek G, Fuerst TR. Hepatitis C Virus E1E2 Structure, Diversity, and Implications for Vaccine Development. Viruses 2024; 16:803. [PMID: 38793684 PMCID: PMC11125608 DOI: 10.3390/v16050803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major medical health burden and the leading cause of chronic liver disease and cancer worldwide. More than 58 million people are chronically infected with HCV, with 1.5 million new infections occurring each year. An effective HCV vaccine is a major public health and medical need as recognized by the World Health Organization. However, due to the high variability of the virus and its ability to escape the immune response, HCV rapidly accumulates mutations, making vaccine development a formidable challenge. An effective vaccine must elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) in a consistent fashion. After decades of studies from basic research through clinical development, the antigen of choice is considered the E1E2 envelope glycoprotein due to conserved, broadly neutralizing antigenic domains located in the constituent subunits of E1, E2, and the E1E2 heterodimeric complex itself. The challenge has been elicitation of robust humoral and cellular responses leading to broad virus neutralization due to the relatively low immunogenicity of this antigen. In view of this challenge, structure-based vaccine design approaches to stabilize key antigenic domains have been hampered due to the lack of E1E2 atomic-level resolution structures to guide them. Another challenge has been the development of a delivery platform in which a multivalent form of the antigen can be presented in order to elicit a more robust anti-HCV immune response. Recent nanoparticle vaccines are gaining prominence in the field due to their ability to facilitate a controlled multivalent presentation and trafficking to lymph nodes, where they can interact with both the cellular and humoral components of the immune system. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the E1E2 heterodimeric structure to facilitate a rational design approach and the potential for development of a multivalent nanoparticle-based HCV E1E2 vaccine. Both aspects are considered important in the development of an effective HCV vaccine that can effectively address viral diversity and escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G. Pierce
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nathaniel Felbinger
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Matthew Metcalf
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eric A. Toth
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
| | - Gilad Ofek
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Thomas R. Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (B.G.P.); (N.F.); (M.M.); (E.A.T.); (G.O.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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14
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Curvino EJ, Woodruff ME, Roe EF, Freire Haddad H, Cordero Alvarado P, Collier JH. Supramolecular Peptide Self-Assemblies Facilitate Oral Immunization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3041-3056. [PMID: 38623037 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Oral immunization is a promising strategy for preventing and treating gastrointestinal (GI) infections and diseases, as it allows for direct access to the disease site. To elicit immune responses within the GI tract, however, there are many obstacles that oral vaccines must surmount, including proteolytic degradation and thick mucus barriers. Here, we employed a modular self-assembling peptide nanofiber platform to facilitate oral immunization against both peptide and small molecule epitopes. Synthesizing nanofibers with d-amino acids rendered them resistant to proteases in vitro, whereas l-amino acid nanofibers were rapidly degraded. Additionally, the inclusion of peptide sequences rich in proline, alanine, and serine (PAS), increased nanofiber muco-penetration, and accelerated nanofiber transport through the GI tract. Oral immunization with PASylated nanofibers and mucosal adjuvant generated local and systemic immune responses to a peptide epitope but only for l-amino acid nanofibers. Further, we were able to apply this design to also enable oral immunization against a small molecule epitope and illustrated the therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness of these immunizations in mouse models of colitis. These findings demonstrate that supramolecular peptide self-assemblies have promise as oral vaccines and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Curvino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Mia E Woodruff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Emily F Roe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Helena Freire Haddad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Pablo Cordero Alvarado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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15
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Chen SS, Zhang H. Abrogation and homeostatic restoration of IgE responses by a universal IgE allergy CTL vaccine-The three signal self/non-self/self (S/NS/S) theory. Immunology 2024; 172:91-108. [PMID: 38303079 PMCID: PMC10987285 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural IgE cytotoxic peptides (nECPs), which are derived from the constant domain of the heavy chain of human IgE producing B cells via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, are decorated onto MHC class 1a molecules (MHCIa) as unique biomarkers for CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)-mediated immune surveillance. Human IgE exhibits only one isotype and lacks polymorphisms; IgE is pivotal in mediating diverse, allergen-specific allergies. Therefore, by disrupting self-IgE tolerance via costimulation, the CTLs induced by nECPs can serve as universal allergy vaccines (UAVs) in humans to dampen IgE production mediated by diverse allergen-specific IgE-secreting B cells and plasma cells expressing surface nECP-MHCIa as targets. The study herein has enabled the identification of nECPs, A32 and SP-1/SP-2 nonameric natural peptides produced through the correspondence principle. Vaccination using nECP induced nECP-specific CTL that profoundly suppressed human IgE production in vitro as well as chimeric human IgE production in human IgE/HLA-A2.01/HLA-B7.02 triple transgenic rodents. Furthermore, nECP-tetramer-specific CTLs were found to be converted into CD4 Tregs that restored IgE competence via the homeostatic principle, mediatepred by SREBP-1c suppressed DCs. Thus, nECPs showed causal efficacy and safety as UAVs for treating categorically type I hypersensitivity IgE-mediated allergies. The applied vaccination concept presented provides the foundation to unify, integrate through a singular class of tetramer-specific TCR clonotypes for regulaing human IgE production. The three signal theory pertains to mechanisms of three cells underlying central tolerance (S), breaking self tolerance (NS) and regaining peripheral tolerance (S) via homeostasis concerning nECP as an efficacious and safe UAV to treat type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. The three signal theory impirically extended, may be heuritic for immuno-regulation of adaptive immune repertoire in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swey-Shen Chen
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, AAIIT LLC, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics and Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Protein Display and Molecular Evolution, The Institute of Genetics at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hailan Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, AAIIT LLC, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics and Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, California, USA
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16
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Curvino EJ, Roe EF, Freire Haddad H, Anderson AR, Woodruff ME, Votaw NL, Segura T, Hale LP, Collier JH. Engaging natural antibody responses for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease via phosphorylcholine-presenting nanofibres. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:628-649. [PMID: 38012308 PMCID: PMC11128482 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease lacks a long-lasting and broadly effective therapy. Here, by taking advantage of the anti-infection and anti-inflammatory properties of natural antibodies against the small-molecule epitope phosphorylcholine (PC), we show in multiple mouse models of colitis that immunization of the animals with self-assembling supramolecular peptide nanofibres bearing PC epitopes induced sustained levels of anti-PC antibodies that were both protective and therapeutic. The strength and type of immune responses elicited by the nanofibres could be controlled through the relative valency of PC epitopes and exogenous T-cell epitopes on the nanofibres and via the addition of the adjuvant CpG. The nanomaterial-assisted induction of the production of therapeutic antibodies may represent a durable therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily F Roe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Alexa R Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mia E Woodruff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicole L Votaw
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura P Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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17
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Yazdani Z, Rafiei A, Ghoreyshi M, Abediankenari S. In Silico Analysis of a Candidate Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Human Brucellosis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:769-783. [PMID: 36940016 PMCID: PMC10026239 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the neglected endemic zoonoses in the world. Vaccination appears to be a promising health strategy to prevent it. This study used advanced computational techniques to develop a potent multi-epitope vaccine for human brucellosis. Seven epitopes from four main brucella species that infect humans were selected. They had significant potential to induce cellular and humoral responses. They showed high antigenic ability without the allergenic characteristic. In order to improve its immunogenicity, suitable adjuvants were also added to the structure of the vaccine. The physicochemical and immunological properties of the vaccine were evaluated. Then its two and three-dimensional structure was predicted. The vaccine was docked with toll-like receptor4 to assess its ability to stimulate innate immune responses. For successful expression of the vaccine protein in Escherichia coli, in silico cloning, codon optimization, and mRNA stability were evaluated. The immune simulation was performed to reveal the immune response profile of the vaccine after injection. The designed vaccine showed the high ability to induce immune response, especially cellular responses to human brucellosis. It showed the appropriate physicochemical properties, a high-quality structure, and a high potential for expression in a prokaryotic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Immunology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Rafiei
- Department of Immunology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mehrafarin Ghoreyshi
- Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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18
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Nguyen TL, Kim H. Immunoinformatics and computational approaches driven designing a novel vaccine candidate against Powassan virus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5999. [PMID: 38472237 PMCID: PMC10933373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Powassan virus (POWV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) capable of causing severe illness in humans for severe neurological complications, and its incidence has been on the rise in recent years due to climate change, posing a growing public health concern. Currently, no vaccines to prevent or medicines to treat POWV disease, emphasizing the urgent need for effective countermeasures. In this study, we utilize bioinformatics approaches to target proteins of POWV, including the capsid, envelope, and membrane proteins, to predict diverse B-cell and T-cell epitopes. These epitopes underwent screening for critical properties such as antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, and cytokine induction potential. Eight selected epitopes were then conjugated with adjuvants using various linkers, resulting in designing of a potentially stable and immunogenic vaccine candidate against POWV. Moreover, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and immune simulations revealed a stable interaction pattern with the immune receptor, suggesting the vaccine's potential to induce robust immune responses. In conclusion, our study provided a set of derived epitopes from POWV's proteins, demonstrating the potential for a novel vaccine candidate against POWV. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to advance our efforts and move closer to the goal of combatting POWV and related arbovirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Ly Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heebal Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- eGnome, Inc., Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Khazaei S, Varela-Calviño R, Rad-Malekshahi M, Quattrini F, Jokar S, Rezaei N, Balalaie S, Haririan I, Csaba N, Garcia-Fuentes M. Self-assembled peptide/polymer hybrid nanoplatform for cancer immunostimulating therapies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:455-473. [PMID: 37721693 PMCID: PMC10761384 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Integrating peptide epitopes in self-assembling materials is a successful strategy to obtain nanovaccines with high antigen density and improved efficacy. In this study, self-assembling peptides containing MAGE-A3/PADRE epitopes were designed to generate functional therapeutic nanovaccines. To achieve higher stability, peptide/polymer hybrid nanoparticles were formulated by controlled self-assembly of the engineered peptides. The nanoparticles showed good biocompatibility to both human red blood- and dendritic cells. Incubation of the nanoparticles with immature dendritic cells triggered immune effects that ultimately activated CD8 + cells. The antigen-specific and IgG antibody responses of healthy C57BL/6 mice vaccinated with the nanoparticles were analyzed. The in vivo results indicate a specific response to the nanovaccines, mainly mediated through a cellular pathway. This research indicates that the immunogenicity of peptide epitope vaccines can be effectively enhanced by developing self-assembled peptide-polymer hybrid nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Khazaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, CiMUS Research Center and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ruben Varela-Calviño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mazda Rad-Malekshahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Federico Quattrini
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, CiMUS Research Center and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Safura Jokar
- Department of Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismaeil Haririan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noemi Csaba
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, CiMUS Research Center and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, CiMUS Research Center and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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20
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Temchura V, Wagner JT, Damm D. Immunogenicity of Recombinant Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Vaccines: Danger Signal vs. Helping Hand. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38258035 PMCID: PMC10818441 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a predominant problem in human health. While the incidence of many pathogenic infections is controlled by vaccines, some pathogens still pose a challenging task for vaccine researchers. In order to face these challenges, the field of vaccine development has changed tremendously over the last few years. For non-replicating recombinant antigens, novel vaccine delivery systems that attempt to increase the immunogenicity by mimicking structural properties of pathogens are already approved for clinical applications. Lipid-based nanoparticles (LbNPs) of different natures are vesicles made of lipid layers with aqueous cavities, which may carry antigens and other biomolecules either displayed on the surface or encapsulated in the cavity. However, the efficacy profile of recombinant LbNP vaccines is not as high as that of live-attenuated ones. This review gives a compendious picture of two approaches that affect the immunogenicity of recombinant LbNP vaccines: (i) the incorporation of immunostimulatory agents and (ii) the utilization of pre-existing or promiscuous cellular immunity, which might be beneficial for the development of tailored prophylactic and therapeutic LbNP vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Temchura
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | | | - Dominik Damm
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
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21
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Chawla M, Cuspoca AF, Akthar N, Magdaleno JSL, Rattanabunyong S, Suwattanasophon C, Jongkon N, Choowongkomon K, Shaikh AR, Malik T, Cavallo L. Immunoinformatics-aided rational design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting feline infectious peritonitis virus. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1280273. [PMID: 38192725 PMCID: PMC10773687 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1280273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a grave and frequently lethal ailment instigated by feline coronavirus (FCoV) in wild and domestic feline species. The spike (S) protein of FCoV assumes a critical function in viral ingress and infection, thereby presenting a promising avenue for the development of a vaccine. In this investigation, an immunoinformatics approach was employed to ascertain immunogenic epitopes within the S-protein of FIP and formulate an innovative vaccine candidate. By subjecting the amino acid sequence of the FIP S-protein to computational scrutiny, MHC-I binding T-cell epitopes were predicted, which were subsequently evaluated for their antigenicity, toxicity, and allergenicity through in silico tools. Our analyses yielded the identification of 11 potential epitopes capable of provoking a robust immune response against FIPV. Additionally, molecular docking analysis demonstrated the ability of these epitopes to bind with feline MHC class I molecules. Through the utilization of suitable linkers, these epitopes, along with adjuvants, were integrated to design a multi-epitope vaccine candidate. Furthermore, the stability of the interaction between the vaccine candidate and feline Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was established via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analyses. This suggests good prospects for future experimental validation to ascertain the efficacy of our vaccine candidate in inducing a protective immune response against FIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Chawla
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrés Felipe Cuspoca
- Grupo de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica de Colombia (GRECO), Universidad Pedagógica yTecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
- Centro de Atención e Investigación Médica–CAIMED, Chía, Colombia
| | - Nahid Akthar
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Jorge Samuel Leon Magdaleno
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Nathjanan Jongkon
- Department of Social and Applied Science, College of Industrial Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Abdul Rajjak Shaikh
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Yamamoto H, Miyashita Y, Minamiguchi H, Hosomichi K, Yoshida S, Kioka H, Shinomiya H, Nagata H, Onoue K, Kawasaki M, Kuramoto Y, Nomura A, Toma Y, Watanabe T, Yamada T, Ishihara Y, Nagata M, Kato H, Hakui H, Saito Y, Asano Y, Sakata Y. Human leukocyte antigen-DQ risk heterodimeric haplotypes of left ventricular dysfunction in cardiac sarcoidosis: an autoimmune view of its role. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19767. [PMID: 37957180 PMCID: PMC10643531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is the scarring of heart muscles by autoimmunity, leading to heart abnormalities and patients with sarcoidosis with cardiac involvements have poor prognoses. Due to the small number of patients, it is difficult to stratify all patients of CS by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) analysis. We focused on the structure of antigen-recognizing pockets in heterodimeric HLA-class II, in addition to DNA sequences, and extracted high-affinity combinations of antigenic epitopes from candidate autoantigen proteins and HLA. Four HLA heterodimer-haplotypes (DQA1*05:03/05:05/05:06/05:08-DQB1*03:01) were identified in 10 of 68 cases. Nine of the 10 patients had low left ventricular ejection fraction (< 50%). Fourteen amino-acid sequences constituting four HLA anchor pockets encoded by the HLA haplotypes were all common, suggesting DQA1*05:0X-DQB1*03:01 exhibit one group of heterodimeric haplotypes. The heterodimeric haplotypes recognized eight epitopes from different proteins. Assuming that autoimmune mechanisms might be activated by molecular mimicry, we searched for bacterial species having peptide sequences homologous to the eight epitopes. Within the peptide epitopes form the SLC25A4 and DSG2, high-homology sequences were found in Cutibacterium acnes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively. In this study, we detected the risk heterodimeric haplotypes of ventricular dysfunction in CS by searching for high-affinity HLA-class II and antigenic epitopes from candidate cardiac proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Minamiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shohei Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruki Shinomiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruno Nagata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Kenji Onoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Masato Kawasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Osaka, 558-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomura
- Innovative Research Center, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Toma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Osaka, 558-8558, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamada
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Osaka, 558-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuki Ishihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- The 1st Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Miho Nagata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Medical Ethics and Medical Genetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Kato
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hakui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Prefecture Seiwa Medical Center, Nara, Nara, 636-0802, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Chen SS, Zhang H. Abrogation and Homeostatic Restoration of IgE Responses by a Universal IgE Allergy CTL Vaccine-The Three Signal Self/Non-Self/Self (S/NS/S) Model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.12.561777. [PMID: 37904962 PMCID: PMC10614744 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.12.561777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural IgE cytotoxic peptides (nECPs), which are derived from the constant domain of the heavy chain of human IgE producing B cells via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, are decorated onto MHC class 1a molecules (MHCIa) as unique biomarkers for CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)-mediated immune surveillance. Human IgE exhibits only one isotype and lacks polymorphisms; IgE is pivotal in mediating diverse, allergen-specific allergies. Therefore, by disrupting self-IgE tolerance via costimulation, the cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by nECPs can serve as universal allergy vaccines (UAVs) in humans to dampen IgE production mediated by diverse allergen-specific IgE- secreting B cells and plasma cells expressing surface nECP-MHCIa as targets. The study herein has enabled the identification of nECPs produced through the correspondence principle 1, 2 . Furthermore, nECP-tetramer-specific CTLs were found to be converted into CD4 Tregs that restored IgE competence via the homeostatic principle, mediated by SREBP-1c suppressed DCs. Thus, nECPs showed causal efficacy and safety as UAVs for treating type I hypersensitivity IgE-mediated allergies. The applied vaccination concept presented provides the foundation to unify, integrate through a singular class of tetramer-specific TCR clonotypes. The three signal model is proposed on the mechanisms underlying central tolerance, breaking tolerance and regaining peripheral tolerance via homeostasis concerning nECP as an efficacious and safe UAV to treat type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. One Sentence Summary Human IgE self-peptides are identified as universal allergy vaccines that inhibit IgE synthesis while allowing homeostatic IgE recovery.Graphic abstract textThree cell S/NS/S model of Universal Allergy Vaccines (UAV): Natural IgE peptides (nECPs) presented by enabler DCs break central IgE tolerance (Self), leading to CTLs that inhibit IgE production (Non-self). Generative DCs converted by the metabolic milieu transform the pre-existing nECP-specific CTLs into nECP-specific Tregs leading to homeostatic recovery of IgE competence (S).
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Li X, Wen H, Xiao X, Ren Z, Tan C, Fu C. Design of a novel multi-epitope vaccine candidate against endometrial cancer using immunoinformatics and bioinformatics approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37771176 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Multi-epitope vaccine may be a promising and effective strategy against EC. In this study, we designed a novel multi-epitope vaccine based on the antigenic proteins PRAME and TMPRSS4 using immunoinformatics and bioinformatics approaches. After a rigorous selection process, 14 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, 6 helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, and 8 B cell epitopes (BCEs) were finally selected for vaccine construction. To enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate, the pan HLA DR-binding epitope was included in the vaccine design as an adjuvant. The final vaccine construct had 455 amino acids and a molecular weight of 49.8 kDa, and was predicted to cover 95.03% of the total world population. Docking analysis showed that there were 10 hydrogen bonds and 19 hydrogen bonds in the vaccine-HLA-A*02:01 and vaccine-HLA-DRB1*01:01 complexes, respectively, indicating that the vaccine has a good affinity to MHC molecules. This was further supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Immune simulation showed that the designed vaccine was able to induce higher levels of immune cell activity, with the secretion of numerous cytokines. The codon adaptation index (CAI) value and GC content of the optimised codon sequences of the vaccine were 0.986 and 54.43%, respectively, indicating that the vaccine has the potential to be highly expressed. The in silico analysis suggested that the designed vaccine may provide a novel therapeutic option for the individualised treatment of EC patients in the future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haicheng Wen
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhen Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Caixia Tan
- Department of Infection Control Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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25
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Chiu YS, Wu KJ, Yu SJ, Wu KL, Wang YS, Lin J, Chu CY, Chen S, Chen H, Hsu SC, Wang Y, Chen YH. Peptide immunization against the C-terminal of alpha-synuclein reduces locomotor activity in mice overexpressing alpha-synuclein. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291927. [PMID: 37733672 PMCID: PMC10513202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) in the remaining nigra dopaminergic neurons is a common neuropathological feature found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Antibody-based immunotherapy has been considered a potential approach for PD treatment. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of active immunization against αSyn in a mouse model of PD. Adult mice were immunized with or without a synthetic peptide containing the C-terminal residues of human αSyn and activation epitopes, followed by an intranigral injection of adeno-associated virus vectors for overexpressing human αSyn. Upon the peptide injection, αSyn-specific antibodies were raised, accompanied by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor deficits. Furthermore, the induction of neuroinflammation was postulated by the elevation of astroglial and microglial markers in the immunized mice. Instead of lessening αSyn toxicity, this peptide vaccine caused an increase in the pathogenic species of αSyn. Our data demonstrated the potential adverse effects of active immunization to raise antibodies against the C-terminal fragment of αSyn. This drawback highlights the need for further investigation to weigh the pros and cons of immunotherapy in PD. Applying the αSyn C-terminal peptide vaccine for PD treatment should be cautiously exercised. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay among immune intervention, αSyn accumulation, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sung Chiu
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jen Wu
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lieh Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering of I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Syuan Wang
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Chu
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hsi Chen
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Hsu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Immunology Research and Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yun Wang
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Zhunan, Taiwan
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26
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El Bissati K, Krishack PA, Zhou Y, Weber CR, Lykins J, Jankovic D, Edelblum KL, Fraczek L, Grover H, Chentoufi AA, Singh G, Reardon C, Dubey JP, Reed S, Alexander J, Sidney J, Sette A, Shastri N, McLeod R. CD4 + T Cell Responses to Toxoplasma gondii Are a Double-Edged Sword. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1485. [PMID: 37766162 PMCID: PMC10535856 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells have been found to play critical roles in the control of both acute and chronic Toxoplasma infection. Previous studies identified a protective role for the Toxoplasma CD4+ T cell-eliciting peptide AS15 (AVEIHRPVPGTAPPS) in C57BL/6J mice. Herein, we found that immunizing mice with AS15 combined with GLA-SE, a TLR-4 agonist in emulsion adjuvant, can be either helpful in protecting male and female mice at early stages against Type I and Type II Toxoplasma parasites or harmful (lethal with intestinal, hepatic, and spleen pathology associated with a storm of IL6). Introducing the universal CD4+ T cell epitope PADRE abrogates the harmful phenotype of AS15. Our findings demonstrate quantitative and qualitative features of an effective Toxoplasma-specific CD4+ T cell response that should be considered in testing next-generation vaccines against toxoplasmosis. Our results also are cautionary that individual vaccine constituents can cause severe harm depending on the company they keep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal El Bissati
- Institute of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Paulette A. Krishack
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (P.A.K.); (C.R.W.); (G.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Christopher R. Weber
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (P.A.K.); (C.R.W.); (G.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Joseph Lykins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Karen L. Edelblum
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Laura Fraczek
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Harshita Grover
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (H.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Aziz A. Chentoufi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| | - Gurminder Singh
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (P.A.K.); (C.R.W.); (G.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Catherine Reardon
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (P.A.K.); (C.R.W.); (G.S.); (C.R.)
| | - J. P. Dubey
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Steve Reed
- Infectious Diseases Research Institute, 1616 Eastlake Ave E #400, Seattle, WA 98102, USA;
| | - Jeff Alexander
- PaxVax, 3985-A Sorrento Valley Blvd, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
| | - John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Nilabh Shastri
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (H.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Rima McLeod
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.F.); (R.M.)
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27
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Madge HYR, Alexander S, Azuar A, Zhang J, Koirala P, Burne TH, Toth I, Stephenson RJ. Synthetic Anti-Cocaine Nanoaccine Successfully Prevents Cocaine-Induced Hyperlocomotion. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12407-12419. [PMID: 37646732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine is one of the most widely used and increasingly popular illicit psychoactive drugs. Unlike other commonly used substances of abuse, cocaine has no pharmacological therapies to treat addiction or aid in rehabilitation. Immunopharmacology has long been touted as a possible avenue to develop effective anticocaine therapies; however, lack of efficacy and designs which are not consistent with simple large-scale production have hindered vaccine translation. We have designed and synthesized a peptide-based anti-cocaine immunogen which we have shown is capable of inducing physiologically relevant immune responses in mice as part of a self-adjuvanting delivery system or in combination with the human-approved commercial adjuvant MF59. We have demonstrated that immunization with the reported vaccine elicits high titers of anti-cocaine IgG and prevents cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion in an in vivo murine model. This peptide-hapten immunogen along with self-adjuvanting liposomal-based delivery system provides a platform for the development of effective anti-drug vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison Y R Madge
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Suzy Alexander
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, 4076, Australia
| | - Armira Azuar
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Prashamsa Koirala
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas H Burne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, 4076, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Rachel J Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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28
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Dolina JS, Lee J, Brightman SE, McArdle S, Hall SM, Thota RR, Zavala KS, Lanka M, Ramamoorthy Premlal AL, Greenbaum JA, Cohen EEW, Peters B, Schoenberger SP. Linked CD4+/CD8+ T cell neoantigen vaccination overcomes immune checkpoint blockade resistance and enables tumor regression. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e164258. [PMID: 37655661 PMCID: PMC10471175 DOI: 10.1172/jci164258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic benefit to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is currently limited to the subset of cancers thought to possess a sufficient tumor mutational burden (TMB) to allow for the spontaneous recognition of neoantigens (NeoAg) by autologous T cells. We explored whether the response to ICB of an aggressive low-TMB squamous cell tumor could be improved through combination immunotherapy using functionally defined NeoAg as targets for endogenous CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We found that, whereas vaccination with CD4+ or CD8+ NeoAg alone did not offer prophylactic or therapeutic immunity, vaccines containing NeoAg recognized by both subsets overcame ICB resistance and led to the eradication of large established tumors that contained a subset of PD-L1+ tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (tCSC), provided the relevant epitopes were physically linked. Therapeutic CD4+/CD8+ T cell NeoAg vaccination produced a modified tumor microenvironment (TME) with increased numbers of NeoAg-specific CD8+ T cells existing in progenitor and intermediate exhausted states enabled by combination ICB-mediated intermolecular epitope spreading. We believe that the concepts explored herein should be exploited for the development of more potent personalized cancer vaccines that can expand the range of tumors treatable with ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S. Dolina
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Joey Lee
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Spencer E. Brightman
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Samantha M. Hall
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rukman R. Thota
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karla S. Zavala
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Manasa Lanka
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Jason A. Greenbaum
- Bioinformatics Core, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ezra E. W. Cohen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephen P. Schoenberger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
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29
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Iversen PL, Kipshidze N, Kipshidze N, Dangas G, Ramacciotti E, Kakabadze Z, Fareed J. A novel therapeutic vaccine targeting the soluble TNFα receptor II to limit the progression of cardiovascular disease: AtheroVax™. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1206541. [PMID: 37534280 PMCID: PMC10392828 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1206541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease contributes to a large proportion of morbidity and mortality, globally. Vaccination against atherosclerosis has been proposed for over 20 years targeting different mediators of atherothrombosis; however, these have not been adequately evaluated in human clinical trials to assess safety and efficacy. Inflammation is a driver of atherosclerosis, but inflammatory mediators are essential components of the immune response. Only pathogenic forms of sTNFR2 are acted upon while preserving the membrane-bound (wild-type) TNFR2 contributions to a non-pathogenic immune response. We hypothesize that the inhibition of sTNRF2 will be more specific and offer long-term treatment options. Here we describe pre-clinical findings of an sTNFR2-targeting peptide vaccine (AtheroVax™) in a mouse model. The multiple pathways to synthesis of the soluble TNFRII receptor (sTNFRII) were identified as sTNFRII(PC), sTNFRII(Δ7), and sTNFRII(Δ7,9). The sTNFRII(Δ7) peptide, NH2-DFALPVEKPLCLQR-COOH is specific to sTNFR2 based on an mRNA splice-variant in which exon 6 is joined to exon 8. The role of sTNFRII(Δ7) as a mediator of prolonged TNFα activity by preventing degradation and clearance was investigated. Inflammation is a critical driver of onset, progression and expansion of atherosclerosis. The TNFα ligand represents a driver of inflammation that is mediated by a splice variant of TNFR2, referred to as sTNFRII(Δ7). The multiple forms of TNFRII, both membrane bound and soluble, are associated with distinctly different phenotypes. sTNFRII(PC) and sTNFRII(Δ7) are not equivalent to etanercept because they lack a clearance mechanism. The unique peptide associated with sTNFRII(Δ7) contains a linear B-cell epitope with amino acids from both exon 6 and exon 8 supporting the vaccine design. Animal studies to evaluate the vaccine are ongoing, and results will be forthcoming. We describe a peptide vaccine targeting sTNFR2 in limiting the progression of atherosclerosis. A therapeutic vaccine limiting the progression of atherosclerosis will greatly contribute to the reduction in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. It is likely the vaccine will be used in combination with the current standards of care and lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L. Iversen
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | | | - Nodar Kipshidze
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - George Dangas
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Zurab Kakabadze
- Head Department of Clinical Anatomy, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
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30
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Dolina JS, Lee J, Brightman SE, McArdle S, Hall SM, Thota RR, Lanka M, Premlal ALR, Greenbaum JA, Cohen EEW, Peters B, Schoenberger SP. Linked CD4 + /CD8 + T cell neoantigen vaccination overcomes immune checkpoint blockade resistance and enables tumor regression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.06.539290. [PMID: 37205330 PMCID: PMC10187312 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.06.539290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic benefit to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is currently limited to the subset of cancers thought to possess a sufficient tumor mutational burden (TMB) to allow for the spontaneous recognition of neoantigens (NeoAg) by autologous T cells. We explored whether the response of an aggressive low TMB squamous cell tumor to ICB could be improved through combination immunotherapy using functionally defined NeoAg as targets for endogenous CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. We found that, whereas vaccination with CD4 + or CD8 + NeoAg alone did not offer prophylactic or therapeutic immunity, vaccines containing NeoAg recognized by both subsets overcame ICB resistance and led to the eradication of large established tumors that contained a subset of PD-L1 + tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (tCSC), provided the relevant epitopes were physically linked. Therapeutic CD4 + /CD8 + T cell NeoAg vaccination produced a modified tumor microenvironment (TME) with increased numbers of NeoAg-specific CD8 + T cells existing in progenitor and intermediate exhausted states enabled by combination ICB-mediated intermolecular epitope spreading. The concepts explored herein should be exploited for the development of more potent personalized cancer vaccines that can expand the range of tumors treatable with ICB.
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31
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Kang Y, Zhang W, Yu Q, Gao L, Quan J, Gu F, Wu Y, Tian Y, Wu Z, Shao S, Zhou H, Duan S, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Gao X, Tian H, Yao W. Self-assembled nanoparticles based on DNA origami and a nitrated T helper cell epitope as a platform for the development of personalized cancer vaccines. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03446-y. [PMID: 37119260 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Neoantigen vaccines constitute an emerging and promising cancer immunotherapy. However, not all neoantigens have anti-tumor activity, as poor CD4+ epitope recognition can lead to the lack of greatly limit the persistence of the CD8+ T cell response. Therefore, we designed a self-assembled nanoplatform hereinafter referred to as DNA-coupled nitrated T helper cell epitope nanoparticle (DCNP) based on DNA origami containing a nitrated CD4 + T cell epitope, which can facilitate the effective activation of neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Moreover, we embedded the cytidine-phosphate-guanosine oligonucleotide (CpG ODN) motif sequence in the DNA skeleton to function as a built-in adjuvant to activate Toll-like receptor 9. DCNP can markedly improve adjuvant and neoantigen co-delivery to lymphoid organs and promote neoantigen presentation on dendritic cells. Moreover, DCNP induced robust, and long-lived neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses that significantly delayed tumor growth. Further, these effects were largely dependent on the nitrated T cell epitope. Collectively, our findings indicate that DCNP is a promising platform that could improve the development of personalized therapeutic neoantigen vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qiumin Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Le Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jiale Quan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Fangling Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yahong Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zijie Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Shishuai Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Shukang Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yixiang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Hong Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Ludwig J, Scally SW, Costa G, Hoffmann S, Murugan R, Lossin J, Prieto K, Obraztcova A, Lobeto N, Franke-Fayard B, Janse CJ, Lebas C, Collin N, Binter S, Kellam P, Levashina EA, Wardemann H, Julien JP. Glycosylated nanoparticle-based PfCSP vaccine confers long-lasting antibody responses and sterile protection in mouse malaria model. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:52. [PMID: 37029167 PMCID: PMC10080175 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective and durable vaccine remains a central goal in the fight against malaria. Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the major surface protein of sporozoites and the target of the only licensed Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01. However, vaccine efficacy is low and short-lived, highlighting the need for a second-generation vaccine with superior efficacy and durability. Here, we report a Helicobacter pylori apoferritin-based nanoparticle immunogen that elicits strong B cell responses against PfCSP epitopes that are targeted by the most potent human monoclonal antibodies. Glycan engineering of the scaffold and fusion of an exogenous T cell epitope enhanced the anti-PfCSP B cell response eliciting strong, long-lived and protective humoral immunity in mice. Our study highlights the power of rational vaccine design to generate a highly efficacious second-generation anti-infective malaria vaccine candidate and provides the basis for its further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ludwig
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen W Scally
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giulia Costa
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandro Hoffmann
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rajagopal Murugan
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Lossin
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine Prieto
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Obraztcova
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Lobeto
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Blandine Franke-Fayard
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Celia Lebas
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Spela Binter
- Kymab a Sanofi Company, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Kellam
- Kymab a Sanofi Company, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elena A Levashina
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hedda Wardemann
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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33
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Current progress in the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 66:679-710. [PMID: 36469218 PMCID: PMC9734355 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are essential public health tools and play an important role in reducing the burden of infectious diseases in the population. Emerging infectious diseases and outbreaks pose new challenges for vaccine development, requiring the rapid design and production of safe and effective vaccines against diseases with limited resources. Here, we focus on the development of vaccines in broad fields ranging from conventional prophylactic vaccines against infectious diseases to therapeutic vaccines against chronic diseases and cancer providing a comprehensive overview of recent advances in eight different vaccine forms (live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, polysaccharide and polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines, virus-like particle and nanoparticle vaccines, polypeptide vaccines, DNA vaccines, and mRNA vaccines) and the therapeutic vaccines against five solid tumors (lung cancer breast cancer colorectal cancer liver cancer and gastric cancer), three infectious diseases (human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus-induced diseases) and three common chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia). We aim to provide new insights into vaccine technologies, platforms, applications and understanding of potential next-generation preventive and therapeutic vaccine technologies paving the way for the vaccines design in the future.
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McLeod B, Mabrouk MT, Miura K, Ravichandran R, Kephart S, Hailemariam S, Pham TP, Semesi A, Kucharska I, Kundu P, Huang WC, Johnson M, Blackstone A, Pettie D, Murphy M, Kraft JC, Leaf EM, Jiao Y, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, van Gemert GJ, Ramjith J, King CR, MacGill RS, Wu Y, Lee KK, Jore MM, King NP, Lovell JF, Julien JP. Vaccination with a structure-based stabilized version of malarial antigen Pfs48/45 elicits ultra-potent transmission-blocking antibody responses. Immunity 2022; 55:1680-1692.e8. [PMID: 35977542 PMCID: PMC9487866 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) aim to elicit human antibodies that inhibit sporogonic development of Plasmodium falciparum in mosquitoes, thereby preventing onward transmission. Pfs48/45 is a leading clinical TBV candidate antigen and is recognized by the most potent transmission-blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) yet described; still, clinical development of Pfs48/45 antigens has been hindered, largely by its poor biochemical characteristics. Here, we used structure-based computational approaches to design Pfs48/45 antigens stabilized in the conformation recognized by the most potently inhibitory mAb, achieving >25°C higher thermostability compared with the wild-type protein. Antibodies elicited in mice immunized with these engineered antigens displayed on liposome-based or protein nanoparticle-based vaccine platforms exhibited 1-2 orders of magnitude superior transmission-reducing activity, compared with immunogens bearing the wild-type antigen, driven by improved antibody quality. Our data provide the founding principles for using molecular stabilization solely from antibody structure-function information to drive improved immune responses against a parasitic vaccine target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon McLeod
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Moustafa T Mabrouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sally Kephart
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sophia Hailemariam
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Thao P Pham
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Anthony Semesi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Iga Kucharska
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Prasun Kundu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Wei-Chiao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Max Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alyssa Blackstone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - John C Kraft
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Leaf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | | | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jordache Ramjith
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Biostatistics Section, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - C Richter King
- PATH's Malaria Vaccine Initiative, 455 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Randall S MacGill
- PATH's Malaria Vaccine Initiative, 455 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Yimin Wu
- PATH's Malaria Vaccine Initiative, 455 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Kelly K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Matthijs M Jore
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Design and development of a self-assembling protein nanoparticle displaying PfHAP2 antigenic determinants recognized by natural acquired antibodies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274275. [PMID: 36094917 PMCID: PMC9467374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds In order to move towards the elimination and eradication of malaria in the world, the development of vaccines is inevitable. Many modern vaccines are based on recombinant technology; however, they may not provide a fully protective, long-lasting immune response. One of the strategies to improve recombinant vaccines is designing the nanovaccines such as self-assembling protein nanoparticles (SAPNs). Hence, the presentation of epitopes in a repeat array and correct conformation should be considered. P. falciparum generative cell-specific 1 (PfGCS1) is a main transmission-blocking vaccine candidate with two highly conserved fragments, HAP2-GCS1 and cd loop, inducing partial malaria transmission inhibitory antibodies. Therefore, to design an effective malaria vaccine, we used cd loop and HAP2-GCS1 fragments at the amino and carboxy terminuses of the SAPN-forming amino acid sequence, respectively. Methodology/Principal findings The SAPN monomer (PfGCS1-SAPN) sequence was designed, and the three-dimensional (3D) structure was predicted. The result of this prediction ensured the presence of antigens on the SAPN surface. Then the accuracy of the predicted 3D structure and its stability were confirmed by 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The designed SAPN substructure sequence was synthesized, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli. With a gradual decrease in urea concentration in dialysis solutions, the purified proteins progressed to the final desired structure of the SAPN, which then was confirmed by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) tests. According to the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), antigenic determinants were presented on the SAPN surface and interacted with antibodies in the serum of malaria patients. Conclusions/Significance Our results show that the SAPN formed by PfGCS1-SAPN has produced the correct shape and size, and the antigenic determinants are presented on the surface of the SAPN, which indicates that the designed SAPN has great potential to be used in the future as a malaria vaccine.
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Ahmad MZ, Alasiri AS, Alasmary MY, Abdullah MM, Ahmad J, Abdel Wahab BA, M Alqahtani SA, Pathak K, Mustafa G, Khan MA, Saikia R, Gogoi U. Emerging advances in nanomedicine for breast cancer immunotherapy: opportunities and challenges. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:957-983. [PMID: 35852105 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Early diagnosis and an appropriate therapeutic approach for all cancers are climacterics for a favorable prognosis. Targeting the immune system in breast cancer is already a clinical reality with notable successes, specifically with checkpoint blockade antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. However, there have been inevitable setbacks in the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy, including inadequate immune responses due to insufficient delivery of immunostimulants to immune cells and uncontrolled immune system modulation. Rapid advancements and new evidence have suggested that nanomedicine-based immunotherapy may be a viable option for treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zaki Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alasiri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Yahia Alasmary
- Medical Department, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Abdullah
- Advanced Materials & Nano-Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science & Arts, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Basel A Abdel Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Saif Aboud M Alqahtani
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalyani Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa
- College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadmi Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Riya Saikia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India
| | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India
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37
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Ochoa R, Lunardelli VAS, Rosa DS, Laio A, Cossio P. Multiple-Allele MHC Class II Epitope Engineering by a Molecular Dynamics-Based Evolution Protocol. Front Immunol 2022; 13:862851. [PMID: 35572587 PMCID: PMC9094701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.862851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitopes that bind simultaneously to all human alleles of Major Histocompatibility Complex class II (MHC II) are considered one of the key factors for the development of improved vaccines and cancer immunotherapies. To engineer MHC II multiple-allele binders, we developed a protocol called PanMHC-PARCE, based on the unsupervised optimization of the epitope sequence by single-point mutations, parallel explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations and scoring of the MHC II-epitope complexes. The key idea is accepting mutations that not only improve the affinity but also reduce the affinity gap between the alleles. We applied this methodology to enhance a Plasmodium vivax epitope for multiple-allele binding. In vitro rate-binding assays showed that four engineered peptides were able to bind with improved affinity toward multiple human MHC II alleles. Moreover, we demonstrated that mice immunized with the peptides exhibited interferon-gamma cellular immune response. Overall, the method enables the engineering of peptides with improved binding properties that can be used for the generation of new immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ochoa
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Daniela Santoro Rosa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Laio
- Physics Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics Section, International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy
| | - Pilar Cossio
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia.,Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, United States.,Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Fragoso-Saavedra M, Ramírez-Estudillo C, Peláez-González DL, Ramos-Flores JO, Torres-Franco G, Núñez-Muñoz L, Marcelino-Pérez G, Segura-Covarrubias MG, González-González R, Ruiz-Medrano R, Xoconostle-Cázares B, Gayosso-Vázquez A, Reyes-Maya S, Ramírez-Andoney V, Alonso-Morales RA, Vega-López MA. Combined Subcutaneous-Intranasal Immunization With Epitope-Based Antigens Elicits Binding and Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Serum and Mucosae Against PRRSV-2 and SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:848054. [PMID: 35432364 PMCID: PMC9008747 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New vaccine design approaches, platforms, and immunization strategies might foster antiviral mucosal effector and memory responses to reduce asymptomatic infection and transmission in vaccinated individuals. Here, we investigated a combined parenteral and mucosal immunization scheme to induce local and serum antibody responses, employing the epitope-based antigens 3BT and NG19m. These antigens target the important emerging and re-emerging viruses PRRSV-2 and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. We assessed two versions of the 3BT protein, which contains conserved epitopes from the GP5 envelope protein of PRRSV-2: soluble and expressed by the recombinant baculovirus BacDual-3BT. On the other hand, NG19m, comprising the receptor-binding motif of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, was evaluated as a soluble recombinant protein only. Vietnamese mini-pigs were immunized employing different inoculation routes: subcutaneous, intranasal, or a combination of both (s.c.-i.n.). Animals produced antigen-binding and neut1ralizing antibodies in serum and mucosal fluids, with varying patterns of concentration and activity, depending on the antigen and the immunization schedule. Soluble 3BT was a potent immunogen to elicit binding and neutralizing antibodies in serum, nasal mucus, and vaginal swabs. The vectored immunogen BacDual-3BT induced binding antibodies in serum and mucosae, but PRRSV-2 neutralizing activity was found in nasal mucus exclusively when administered intranasally. NG19m promoted serum and mucosal binding antibodies, which showed differing neutralizing activity. Only serum samples from subcutaneously immunized animals inhibited RBD-ACE2 interaction, while mini-pigs inoculated intranasally or via the combined s.c.-i.n. scheme produced subtle neutralizing humoral responses in the upper and lower respiratory mucosae. Our results show that intranasal immunization, alone or combined with subcutaneous delivery of epitope-based antigens, generates local and systemic binding and neutralizing antibodies. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the capability of the induced responses to prevent infection and reduce transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Fragoso-Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de las Mucosas, Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Estudillo
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de las Mucosas, Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Diana L Peláez-González
- Unidad de Producción y Experimentación de Animales de Laboratorio, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge O Ramos-Flores
- Unidad de Producción y Experimentación de Animales de Laboratorio, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Torres-Franco
- Unidad de Producción y Experimentación de Animales de Laboratorio, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leandro Núñez-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Marcelino-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María G Segura-Covarrubias
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rogelio González-González
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Medrano
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Xoconostle-Cázares
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Amanda Gayosso-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Silvia Reyes-Maya
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vianey Ramírez-Andoney
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rogelio A Alonso-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marco A Vega-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de las Mucosas, Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Zhang J, Fan J, Skwarczynski M, Stephenson RJ, Toth I, Hussein WM. Peptide-Based Nanovaccines in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Review of Recent Advances. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:869-900. [PMID: 35241913 PMCID: PMC8887913 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s269986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, can induce cervical cancer in humans. The disease carries high morbidity and mortality among females worldwide. Inoculation with prophylactic HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil® or Cervarix®, is the predominant method of preventing cervical cancer in females 6 to 26 years of age. However, despite the availability of commercial prophylactic HPV vaccines, no therapeutic HPV vaccines to eliminate existing HPV infections have been approved. Peptide-based vaccines, which form one of the most potent vaccine platforms, have been broadly investigated to overcome this shortcoming. Peptide-based vaccines are especially effective in inducing cellular immune responses and eradicating tumor cells when combined with nanoscale adjuvant particles and delivery systems. This review summarizes progress in the development of peptide-based nanovaccines against HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jingyi Fan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel J Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Correspondence: Waleed M Hussein, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia, Tel +61 7 3365 2782, Email
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Mattei AE, Gutierrez AH, Martin WD, Terry FE, Roberts BJ, Rosenberg AS, De Groot AS. In silico Immunogenicity Assessment for Sequences Containing Unnatural Amino Acids: A Method Using Existing in silico Algorithm Infrastructure and a Vision for Future Enhancements. FRONTIERS IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 2:952326. [PMID: 36945694 PMCID: PMC10026553 DOI: 10.3389/fddsv.2022.952326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The in silico prediction of T cell epitopes within any peptide or biologic drug candidate serves as an important first step for assessing immunogenicity. T cell epitopes bind human leukocyte antigen (HLA) by a well-characterized interaction of amino acid side chains and pockets in the HLA molecule binding groove. Immunoinformatics tools, such as the EpiMatrix algorithm, have been developed to screen natural amino acid sequences for peptides that will bind HLA. In addition to commonly occurring in synthetic peptide impurities, unnatural amino acids (UAA) are also often incorporated into novel peptide therapeutics to improve properties of the drug product. To date, the HLA binding properties of peptides containing UAA are not accurately estimated by most algorithms. Both scenarios warrant the need for enhanced predictive tools. The authors developed an in silico method for modeling the impact of a given UAA on a peptide's likelihood of binding to HLA and, by extension, its immunogenic potential. In silico assessment of immunogenic potential allows for risk-based selection of best candidate peptides in further confirmatory in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo assays, thereby reducing the overall cost of immunogenicity evaluation. Examples demonstrating in silico immunogenicity prediction for product impurities that are commonly found in formulations of the generic peptides teriparatide and semaglutide are provided. Next, this article discusses how HLA binding studies can be used to estimate the binding potentials of commonly encountered UAA and "correct" in silico estimates of binding based on their naturally occurring counterparts. As demonstrated here, these in vitro binding studies are usually performed with known ligands which have been modified to contain UAA in HLA anchor positions. An example using D-amino acids in relative binding position 1 (P1) of the PADRE peptide is presented. As more HLA binding data become available, new predictive models allowing for the direct estimation of HLA binding for peptides containing UAA can be established.
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Shukla P, Pandey P, Prasad B, Robinson T, Purohit R, D'Cruz LG, Tambuwala MM, Mutreja A, Harkin J, Rai TS, Murray EK, Gibson DS, Bjourson AJ. Immuno-informatics analysis predicts B and T cell consensus epitopes for designing peptide vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 with 99.82% global population coverage. Brief Bioinform 2021; 23:6484513. [PMID: 34962259 PMCID: PMC8769887 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current global pandemic due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has taken a substantial number of lives across the world. Although few vaccines have been rolled-out, a number of vaccine candidates are still under clinical trials at various pharmaceutical companies and laboratories around the world. Considering the intrinsic nature of viruses in mutating and evolving over time, persistent efforts are needed to develop better vaccine candidates. In this study, various immuno-informatics tools and bioinformatics databases were deployed to derive consensus B-cell and T-cell epitope sequences of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. This approach has identified four potential epitopes which have the capability to initiate both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses, are non-allergenic and do not trigger autoimmunity. These peptide sequences were also evaluated to show 99.82% of global population coverage based on the genotypic frequencies of HLA binding alleles for both MHC class-I and class-II and are unique for SARS-CoV-2 isolated from human as a host species. Epitope number 2 alone had a global population coverage of 98.2%. Therefore, we further validated binding and interaction of its constituent T-cell epitopes with their corresponding HLA proteins using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation experiments, followed by binding free energy calculations with molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area, essential dynamics analysis and free energy landscape analysis. The immuno-informatics pipeline described and the candidate epitopes discovered herein could have significant impact upon efforts to develop globally effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank Shukla
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Preeti Pandey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Bodhayan Prasad
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Tony Robinson
- School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry/Londonderry, BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176061, India
| | - Leon G D'Cruz
- Respiratory Medicine Department and Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY, UK
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Ankur Mutreja
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Level 5, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jim Harkin
- School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry/Londonderry, BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Taranjit Singh Rai
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Elaine K Murray
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - David S Gibson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Anthony J Bjourson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
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Ducret A, Ackaert C, Bessa J, Bunce C, Hickling T, Jawa V, Kroenke MA, Lamberth K, Manin A, Penny HL, Smith N, Terszowski G, Tourdot S, Spindeldreher S. Assay format diversity in pre-clinical immunogenicity risk assessment: Toward a possible harmonization of antigenicity assays. MAbs 2021; 14:1993522. [PMID: 34923896 PMCID: PMC8726688 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1993522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A major impediment to successful use of therapeutic protein drugs is their ability to induce anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that can alter treatment efficacy and safety in a significant number of patients. To this aim, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tools have been developed to assess sequence and other liabilities contributing to ADA development at different stages of the immune response. However, variability exists between similar assays developed by different investigators due to the complexity of assays, a degree of uncertainty about the underlying science, and their intended use. The impact of protocol variations on the outcome of the assays, i.e., on the immunogenicity risk assigned to a given drug candidate, cannot always be precisely assessed. Here, the Non-Clinical Immunogenicity Risk Assessment working group of the European Immunogenicity Platform (EIP) reviews currently used assays and protocols and discusses feasibility and next steps toward harmonization and standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Ducret
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Ackaert
- ImmunXperts SA (A Nexelis Group Company), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Juliana Bessa
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Timothy Hickling
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vibha Jawa
- Biotherapeutics and Bioanalysis Non-Clinical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Mark A Kroenke
- Clinical Immunology-Translational Medicine, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Kasper Lamberth
- Analysis & Characterisation, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Anaïs Manin
- Abzena, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hweixian L Penny
- Clinical Immunology-Translational Medicine, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Noel Smith
- Lonza Biologics, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, UK
| | - Grzegorz Terszowski
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Rodrigues KA, Rodriguez-Aponte SA, Dalvie NC, Lee JH, Abraham W, Carnathan DG, Jimenez LE, Ngo JT, Chang JYH, Zhang Z, Yu J, Chang A, Nakao C, Goodwin B, Naranjo CA, Zhang L, Silva M, Barouch DH, Silvestri G, Crotty S, Love JC, Irvine DJ. Phosphate-mediated coanchoring of RBD immunogens and molecular adjuvants to alum potentiates humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj6538. [PMID: 34878851 PMCID: PMC8654298 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for additional rapidly scalable, low-cost vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to achieve global vaccination. Aluminum hydroxide (alum) adjuvant is the most widely available vaccine adjuvant but elicits modest humoral responses. We hypothesized that phosphate-mediated coanchoring of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 together with molecular adjuvants on alum particles could potentiate humoral immunity by promoting extended vaccine kinetics and codelivery of vaccine components to lymph nodes. Modification of RBD immunogens with phosphoserine (pSer) peptides enabled efficient alum binding and slowed antigen clearance, leading to notable increases in germinal center responses and neutralizing antibody titers in mice. Adding phosphate-containing CpG or saponin adjuvants to pSer-RBD:alum immunizations synergistically enhanced vaccine immunogenicity in mice and rhesus macaques, inducing neutralizing responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, phosphate-mediated coanchoring of RBD and molecular adjuvants to alum is an effective strategy to enhance the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A. Rodrigues
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sergio A. Rodriguez-Aponte
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Neil C. Dalvie
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeong Hyun Lee
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wuhbet Abraham
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Diane G. Carnathan
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Luis E. Jimenez
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Julia T. Ngo
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jason Y. H. Chang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zeli Zhang
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Catherine Nakao
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Benjamin Goodwin
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher A. Naranjo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Libin Zhang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Murillo Silva
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shane Crotty
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - J. Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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Zhang J, Hu Z, He J, Liao Y, Li Y, Pei R, Fang X, Zeng P, Fan R, Ou Z, Deng J, Zhou J, Guan W, Min Y, Deng F, Peng H, Zhang Z, Feng C, Xin B. Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant interferon-armed RBD dimer vaccine (V-01) for COVID-19 in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase I trial. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:1589-1597. [PMID: 34197281 PMCID: PMC8366678 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1951126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Safe and effective vaccines are still urgently needed to cope with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, we developed a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (V-01) containing fusion protein (IFN-PADRE-RBD-Fc dimer) as antigen verified to induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in pre-clinical study, which supported progression to Phase I clinical trials in humans. A Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase I clinical trial was initiated at the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Gaozhou, China) in February 2021. Healthy adults aged between 18 and 59 years and over 60 years were sequentially enrolled and randomly allocated into three subgroups (1:1:1) either to receive the vaccine (10, 25, and 50 μg) or placebo (V-01: Placebo = 4:1) intramuscularly with a 21-day interval by a sentinel and dose escalation design. The data showed a promising safety profile with approximately 25% vaccine-related overall adverse events (AEs) within 30 days and no grade 3 or worse AEs. Besides, V-01 provoked rapid and strong immune responses, elicited substantially high-titre neutralizing antibodies and anti-RBD IgG peaked at day 35 or 49 after first dose, presented with encouraging immunogenicity at low dose (10 μg) subgroup and elderly participants, which showed great promise to be used as all-aged (18 and above) vaccine against COVID-19. Taken together, our preliminary findings indicate that V-01 is safe and well tolerated, capable of inducing rapid and strong immune responses, and warrants further testing in Phase II/III clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Hu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyi Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Fang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Zeng
- Gaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Maoming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renfeng Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglong Deng
- Gaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Maoming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Gaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Maoming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuxiang Guan
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanqin Min
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Peng
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Feng
- LivzonBio Inc., Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baobao Xin
- LivzonBio Inc., Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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45
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Aparicio B, Casares N, Egea J, Ruiz M, Llopiz D, Maestro S, Olagüe C, González-Aseguinolaza G, Smerdou C, López-Díaz de Cerio A, Inogés S, Prósper F, Yuste JR, Carmona-Torre F, Reina G, Lasarte JJ, Sarobe P. Preclinical evaluation of a synthetic peptide vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 inducing multiepitopic and cross-reactive humoral neutralizing and cellular CD4 and CD8 responses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:1931-1946. [PMID: 34538222 PMCID: PMC8480813 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1978823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Identification of relevant epitopes is crucial for the development of subunit peptide vaccines inducing neutralizing and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Our aim was the characterization of epitopes in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein to generate a peptide vaccine. Epitope mapping using a panel of 10 amino acid overlapped 15-mer peptides covering region 401-515 from RBD did not identify linear epitopes when tested with sera from infected individuals or from RBD-immunized mice. However, immunization of mice with these 15-mer peptides identified four peptides located at region 446-480 that induced antibodies recognizing the peptides and RBD/S1 proteins. Immunization with peptide 446-480 from S protein formulated with Freund's adjuvant or with CpG oligodeoxinucleotide/Alum induced polyepitopic antibody responses in BALB/c and C56BL/6J mice, recognizing RBD (titres of 3 × 104-3 × 105, depending on the adjuvant) and displaying neutralizing capacity (80-95% inhibition capacity; p < 0.05) against SARS-CoV-2. Murine CD4 and CD8T-cell epitopes were identified in region 446-480 and vaccination experiments using HLA transgenic mice suggested the presence of multiple human T-cell epitopes. Antibodies induced by peptide 446-480 showed broad recognition of S proteins and S-derived peptides belonging to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Importantly, vaccination with peptide 446-480 or with a cyclic version of peptide 446-488 containing a disulphide bridge between cysteines 480 and 488, protected humanized K18-hACE2 mice from a lethal dose of SARS-CoV-2 (62.5 and 75% of protection; p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). This region could be the basis for a peptide vaccine or other vaccine platforms against Covid-19.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/standards
- Cross Reactions/immunology
- Epitope Mapping
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunization
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Aparicio
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Egea
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diana Llopiz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sheila Maestro
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Olagüe
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria González-Aseguinolaza
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristian Smerdou
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Felipe Prósper
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan J. Lasarte
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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46
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O'Neill CL, Shrimali PC, Clapacs ZP, Files MA, Rudra JS. Peptide-based supramolecular vaccine systems. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:153-167. [PMID: 34010691 PMCID: PMC8497425 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Currently approved replication-competent and inactivated vaccines are limited by excessive reactogenicity and poor safety profiles, while subunit vaccines are often insufficiently immunogenic without co-administering exogenous adjuvants. Self-assembling peptide-, peptidomimetic-, and protein-based biomaterials offer a means to overcome these challenges through their inherent modularity, multivalency, and biocompatibility. As these scaffolds are biologically derived and present antigenic arrays reminiscent of natural viruses, they are prone to immune recognition and are uniquely capable of functioning as self-adjuvanting vaccine delivery vehicles that improve humoral and cellular responses. Beyond this intrinsic immunological advantage, the wide range of available amino acids allows for facile de novo design or straightforward modifications to existing sequences. This has permitted the development of vaccines and immunotherapies tailored to specific disease models, as well as generalizable platforms that have been successfully applied to prevent or treat numerous infectious and non-infectious diseases. In this review, we briefly introduce the immune system, discuss the structural determinants of coiled coils, β-sheets, peptide amphiphiles, and protein subunit nanoparticles, and highlight the utility of these materials using notable examples of their innate and adaptive immunomodulatory capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor L O'Neill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
| | - Paresh C Shrimali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
| | - Zain P Clapacs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
| | - Megan A Files
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.
| | - Jai S Rudra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
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47
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Interferon-armed RBD dimer enhances the immunogenicity of RBD for sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Cell Res 2021; 31:1011-1023. [PMID: 34267349 PMCID: PMC8280646 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global crisis, urgently necessitating the development of safe, efficacious, convenient-to-store, and low-cost vaccine options. A major challenge is that the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-only vaccine fails to trigger long-lasting protective immunity if used alone for vaccination. To enhance antigen processing and cross-presentation in draining lymph nodes (DLNs), we developed an interferon (IFN)-armed RBD dimerized by an immunoglobulin fragment (I-R-F). I-R-F efficiently directs immunity against RBD to DLNs. A low dose of I-R-F induces not only high titers of long-lasting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) but also more comprehensive T cell responses than RBD. Notably, I-R-F provides comprehensive protection in the form of a one-dose vaccine without an adjuvant. Our study shows that the pan-epitope modified human I-R-F (I-P-R-F) vaccine provides rapid and complete protection throughout the upper and lower respiratory tracts against a high-dose SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. Based on these promising results, we have initiated a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase I/II trial of the human I-P-R-F vaccine (V-01) in 180 healthy adults, and the vaccine appears safe and elicits strong antiviral immune responses. Due to its potency and safety, this engineered vaccine may become a next-generation vaccine candidate in the global effort to overcome COVID-19.
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48
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Bakker NAM, Rotman J, van Beurden M, Zijlmans HJM, van Ruiten M, Samuels S, Nuijen B, Beijnen J, De Visser K, Haanen J, Schumacher T, de Gruijl TD, Jordanova ES, Kenter GG, van den Berg JH, van Trommel NE. HPV-16 E6/E7 DNA tattoo vaccination using genetically optimized vaccines elicit clinical and immunological responses in patients with usual vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (uVIN): a phase I/II clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002547. [PMID: 34341131 PMCID: PMC8330588 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Usual vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (uVIN) is a premalignancy caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly type 16. Even though different treatment modalities are available (eg, surgical excision, laser evaporation or topical application of imiquimod), these treatments can be mutilating, patients often have recurrences and 2%–8% of patients develop vulvar carcinoma. Therefore, immunotherapeutic strategies targeting the pivotal oncogenic HPV proteins E6 and E7 are being explored to repress carcinogenesis. Method In this phase I/II clinical trial, 14 patients with HPV16+ uVIN were treated with a genetically enhanced DNA vaccine targeting E6 and E7. Safety, clinical responses and immunogenicity were assessed. Patients received four intradermal HPV-16 E6/E7 DNA tattoo vaccinations, with a 2-week interval, alternating between both upper legs. Biopsies of the uVIN lesions were taken at screening and +3 months after last vaccination. Digital photography of the vulva was performed at every check-up until 12 months of follow-up for measurement of the lesions. HPV16-specific T-cell responses were measured in blood over time in ex vivo reactivity assays. Results Vaccinations were well tolerated, although one grade 3 suspected unexpected serious adverse reaction was observed. Clinical responses were observed in 6/14 (43%) patients, with 2 complete responses and 4 partial responses (PR). 5/14 patients showed HPV-specific T-cell responses in blood, measured in ex vivo reactivity assays. Notably, all five patients with HPV-specific T-cell responses had a clinical response. Conclusions Our results indicate that HPV-16 E6/E7 DNA tattoo vaccination is a biologically active and safe treatment strategy in patients with uVIN, and suggest that T-cell reactivity against the HPV oncogenes is associated with clinical benefit. Trial registration number NTR4607.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Alida Maria Bakker
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jossie Rotman
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Beurden
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry J Maa Zijlmans
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje van Ruiten
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Samuels
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Nuijen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin De Visser
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John Haanen
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, -Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gemma G Kenter
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H van den Berg
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke E van Trommel
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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49
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Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant fusion protein vaccine (V-01) against coronavirus disease 2019 in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:1967-1976. [PMID: 34310400 PMCID: PMC8382383 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Innovative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, with elevated global manufacturing capacity, enhanced safety and efficacy, simplified dosing regimens, and distribution that is less cold chain-dependent, are still global imperatives for tackling the ongoing pandemic. A previous phase I trial indicated that the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (V-01), which contains a fusion protein (IFN-PADRE-RBD-Fc dimer) as its antigen, is safe and well tolerated, capable of inducing rapid and robust immune responses, and warranted further testing in additional clinical trials. Herein, we aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of V-01, providing rationales of appropriate dose regimen for further efficacy study. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial was initiated at the Gaozhou Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangdong, China) in March 2021. Both younger (n = 440; 18–59 years of age) and older (n = 440; ≥60 years of age) adult participants in this trial were sequentially recruited into two distinct groups: two-dose regimen group in which participants were randomized either to follow a 10 or 25 μg of V-01 or placebo given intramuscularly 21 days apart (allocation ratio, 3:3:1, n = 120, 120, 40 for each regimen, respectively), or one-dose regimen groups in which participants were randomized either to receive a single injection of 50 μg of V-01 or placebo (allocation ratio, 3:1, n = 120, 40, respectively). The primary immunogenicity endpoints were the geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies against live severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and specific binding antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD). The primary safety endpoint evaluation was the frequencies and percentages of overall adverse events (AEs) within 30 days after full immunization. Results: V-01 provoked substantial immune responses in the two-dose group, achieving encouragingly high titers of neutralizing antibody and anti-RBD immunoglobulin, which peaked at day 35 (161.9 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 133.3–196.7] and 149.3 [95%CI: 123.9–179.9] in 10 and 25 μg V-01 group of younger adults, respectively; 111.6 [95%CI: 89.6–139.1] and 111.1 [95%CI: 89.2–138.4] in 10 and 25 μg V-01 group of older adults, respectively), and remained high at day 49 after a day-21 second dose; these levels significantly exceed those in convalescent serum from symptomatic COVID-19 patients (53.6, 95%CI: 31.3–91.7). Our preliminary data show that V-01 is safe and well tolerated, with reactogenicity predominantly being absent or mild in severity and only one vaccine-related grade 3 or worse AE being observed within 30 days. The older adult participants demonstrated a more favorable safety profile compared with those in the younger adult group: with AEs percentages of 19.2%, 25.8%, 17.5% in older adults vs. 34.2%, 23.3%, 26.7% in younger adults at the 10, 25 μg V-01 two-dose group, and 50 μg V-01 one-dose group, respectively. Conclusions: The vaccine candidate V-01 appears to be safe and immunogenic. The preliminary findings support the advancement of the two-dose, 10 μg V-01 regimen to a phase III trial for a large-scale population-based evaluation of safety and efficacy. Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx (No. ChiCTR2100045107, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=124702).
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50
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Stephens AJ, Burgess-Brown NA, Jiang S. Beyond Just Peptide Antigens: The Complex World of Peptide-Based Cancer Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:696791. [PMID: 34276688 PMCID: PMC8279810 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.696791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based cancer vaccines rely upon the strong activation of the adaptive immune response to elicit its effector function. They have shown to be highly specific and safe, but have yet to prove themselves as an efficacious treatment for cancer in the clinic. This is for a variety of reasons, including tumour heterogeneity, self-tolerance, and immune suppression. Importance has been placed on the overall design of peptide-based cancer vaccines, which have evolved from simple peptide derivatives of a cancer antigen, to complex drugs; incorporating overlapping regions, conjugates, and delivery systems to target and stimulate different components of antigen presenting cells, and to bolster antigen cross-presentation. Peptide-based cancer vaccines are increasingly becoming more personalised to an individual's tumour antigen repertoire and are often combined with existing cancer treatments. This strategy ultimately aids in combating the shortcomings of a more generalised vaccine strategy and provides a comprehensive treatment, taking into consideration cancer cell variability and its ability to avoid immune interrogation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Stephens
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A Burgess-Brown
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shisong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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