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Dhuldhaj UP, Singh R, Singh VK. Pesticide contamination in agro-ecosystems: toxicity, impacts, and bio-based management strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9243-9270. [PMID: 36456675 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Continuous rise in application of pesticides in the agro-ecosystems in order to ensure food supply to the ever-growing population is of greater concern to the human health and the environment. Once entered into the agro-ecosystem, the fate and transport of pesticides is determined largely by the nature of pesticides and the soil attributes, in addition to the soil-inhabiting microbes, fauna, and flora. Changes in the soil microbiological actions, soil properties, and enzymatic activities resulting from pesticide applications are the important factors substantially affecting the soil productivity. Disturbances in the microbial community composition may lead to the considerable perturbations in cycling of major nutrients, metals, and subsequent uptake by plants. Indiscriminate applications are linked with the accumulation of pesticides in plant-based foods, feeds, and animal products. Furthermore, rapid increase in the application of pesticides having long half-life has also been reported to contaminate the nearby aquatic environments and accumulation in the plants, animals, and microbes surviving there. To circumvent the negative consequences of pesticide application, multitude of techniques falling in physical, chemical, and biological categories are presented by different investigators. In the present study, important findings pertaining to the pesticide contamination in cultivated agricultural soils; toxicity on soil microbes, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates; effects on soil characteristics; and alleviation of toxicity by bio-based management approaches have been thoroughly reviewed. With the help of bibliometric analysis, thematic evolution and research trends on the bioremediation of pesticides in the agro-ecosystems have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj
- School of Life Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, 431606, India
| | - Rishikesh Singh
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K. S. Saket P. G. College, (Affiliated to Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University), Ayodhya, 224123, India.
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2
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Akcha F, Cahuc C, Rouxel J, Munschy C, Aminot Y, Chouvelon T, Mahe K, Budzinski H, Mauffret A. Development in the European flounder (Platichthys flesus) of a q-PCR assay for the measurement of telomere length, a potential biomarker of pollutant effects for biomonitoring studies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112610. [PMID: 34146858 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres protect the coding sequence of chromosome ends and Telomere Length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of cellular aging, cumulative stress exposure and life-span in humans. With the aim to propose new biomarkers, a q-PCR protocol was adapted for the measurement of TL in the European flounder Platichthys flesus. The protocol was then applied in 2-year-old flounders from the Seine Estuary. The absolute TL in the flounder is 54 ± 13 kbp per genome (mean ± standard error). Considering relative or absolute TL, no correlation was observed with DNA damage and any of the measured contaminant concentrations (trace elements, metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls, organochlorinated pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, perfluoroalkyl substances). Because sampling was limited, further investigations are required to state a possible impact of chemical pollution on flatfish telomeres. This is motivated by correlations observed with organochlorinated compounds when decreasing statistical significance (p ≤ 0.10).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akcha
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France.
| | - C Cahuc
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
| | - J Rouxel
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
| | - C Munschy
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
| | - Y Aminot
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
| | - T Chouvelon
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
| | - K Mahe
- Ifremer, Laboratory of Fisheries Resources, Boulogne-Sur-Mer, France
| | - H Budzinski
- UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Mauffret
- Ifremer, Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Unit, Nantes, France
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3
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Ali D, Ibrahim KE, Hussain SA, Abdel-Daim MM. Role of ROS generation in acute genotoxicity of azoxystrobin fungicide on freshwater snail Lymnaea luteola L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5566-5574. [PMID: 32974827 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZ) is an aryloxy pyrimidine fungicide extensively applied in the agriculture field all over the world. There is a little information about the ecotoxicity of AZ fungicide on the freshwater snail Lymnaea luteola (L. luteola). The present study investigated the toxic effect of AZ fungicide on L. luteola by using various measures. We determined the mean LC50 value-96 h of AZ fungicide (0.79 mg/L) for L. luteola, in a static system. Based on this value, three sublethal concentrations, viz., I (0.079 mg/L), II (~ 0.40 mg/L), and III (~ 0.53 mg/L), were determined. The snails were exposed to these three concentrations of AZ fungicide for 96 h, and hemolymph and digestive glands were collected after 24 and 96 h for assessment of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and histological and genotoxic changes. The induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in hemocyte cells was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It was observed that lipid peroxide (LPO) and glutathione S transferase (GST) were increased, and glutathione and superoxide dismutase decreased in digestive glands. A similar trend was observed for the DNA damage as measured in terms of the percentage of tail DNA and olive tail moment in digestive gland cells. This study showed the collective use of oxidative stress, histological, and genotoxicity parameters in in vivo laboratory studies using snails that are useful for screening the toxic potential of environmental contaminants such as AZ fungicide.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seik Altaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Acolas ML, Davail B, Gonzalez P, Jean S, Clérandeau C, Morin B, Gourves PY, Daffe G, Labadie P, Perrault A, Lauzent M, Pierre M, Le Barh R, Baudrimont M, Peluhet L, Le Menach K, Budzinski H, Rochard E, Cachot J. Health indicators and contaminant levels of a critically endangered species in the Gironde estuary, the European sturgeon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3726-3745. [PMID: 31020527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The European sturgeon, Acipenser sturio, is a highly endangered species that almost disappeared in the last decades. Thanks to yearly restocking of the population, this species is still found in the Gironde estuary (France), where juveniles grow during several years before leaving to the ocean. The aims of this study were to evaluate the pressure exerted on these fish by known organic and inorganic contaminants during their stay at the Gironde estuary, and to get information on the fish's health in this context. Monthly captures over the year 2014 provided 87 fish from the cohorts 2012 and 2013 mainly, and from cohorts 2008, 2009, and 2011, all fish born in hatchery. We report the very first analyses of contaminant levels and of biological markers measured in the blood of these fish. Low inorganic contamination was found, composed of seven metals mainly Zn (< 5 μg mL-1), Fe (< 1.5 μg mL-1), Cu (< 0.8 μg mL-1), Se (< 0.8 μg mL-1), As (< 0.25 μg mL-1), Co (< 0.14 μg mL-1), and Mn (< 0.03 μg mL-1). Concerning persistent organic contaminants, the sum of seven PCBs varied from 1 to 10 ng g-1 plasma, that of eight OCPs from 0.1 to 1 ng g-1, and that of eight PBDEs from 10 to 100 pg g-1. Higher levels of contaminants were measured during spring as compared to summer. The sex steroid hormone plasma levels (estradiol, testosterone, and 11-ketotestosterone) were quite low, which was predictable for juveniles. The transcription of reproduction-involved genes (EstR, AR, LHR, sox9) in blood cells was demonstrated for the first time. Some of them were correlated with organic contaminant levels PCBs and OCPs. Other gene transcriptions (sodCu and bax) were correlated with PCBs and OCPs. However, the DNA damage level measured here as comet tail DNA and micronuclei ratio in red blood cells were in the very low range of the values commonly obtained in fish from pristine areas. The data presented here can serve as a reference base for future monitoring of this population of sturgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Acolas
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Blandine Davail
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France.
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Séverine Jean
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326, Caxtanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Clérandeau
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Bénédicte Morin
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gourves
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Guillemine Daffe
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Pierre Labadie
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Annie Perrault
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326, Caxtanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Mathilde Lauzent
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Maud Pierre
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Romaric Le Barh
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Eric Rochard
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
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Revel M, Châtel A, Perrein-Ettajani H, Bruneau M, Akcha F, Sussarellu R, Rouxel J, Costil K, Decottignies P, Cognie B, Lagarde F, Mouneyrac C. Realistic environmental exposure to microplastics does not induce biological effects in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110627. [PMID: 31655301 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence and potential toxic effects of plastic fragments (<400 μm) of polyethylene and polypropylene on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.008, 10, 100 μg of particles/L) during 10 days, followed by a depuration period of 10 days in clean seawater. Effects of microplastics were evaluated on the clearance rate of organisms, tissue alteration, antioxidant defense, immune alteration and DNA damage. Detection and quantification of microplastics in oyster's tissues (digestive gland, gills and other tissues) and biodeposits using infrared microscopy were also conducted. Microplastics were detected in oyster's biodeposits following exposure to all tested concentrations: 0.003, 0.006 and 0.05 particles/mg of biodeposits in oysters exposed to 0.008, 10 and 100 μg of particles/L, respectively. No significant modulation of biological markers was measured in organisms exposed to microplastics in environmentally relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messika Revel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France.
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Hanane Perrein-Ettajani
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Mélanie Bruneau
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Farida Akcha
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Julien Rouxel
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Katherine Costil
- UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, SFR ICORE, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Priscilla Decottignies
- FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Bruno Cognie
- FR CNRS 3473 IUML, Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France
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Gajski G, Žegura B, Ladeira C, Novak M, Sramkova M, Pourrut B, Del Bo' C, Milić M, Gutzkow KB, Costa S, Dusinska M, Brunborg G, Collins A. The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales - (Part 2 Vertebrates). MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:130-164. [PMID: 31416573 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The comet assay has become one of the methods of choice for the evaluation and measurement of DNA damage. It is sensitive, quick to perform and relatively affordable for the evaluation of DNA damage and repair at the level of individual cells. The comet assay can be applied to virtually any cell type derived from different organs and tissues. Even though the comet assay is predominantly used on human cells, the application of the assay for the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast, plant and animal cells is also quite high, especially in terms of biomonitoring. The present extensive overview on the usage of the comet assay in animal models will cover both terrestrial and water environments. The first part of the review was focused on studies describing the comet assay applied in invertebrates. The second part of the review, (Part 2) will discuss the application of the comet assay in vertebrates covering cyclostomata, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in addition to chordates that are regarded as a transitional form towards vertebrates. Besides numerous vertebrate species, the assay is also performed on a range of cells, which includes blood, liver, kidney, brain, gill, bone marrow and sperm cells. These cells are readily used for the evaluation of a wide spectrum of genotoxic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of vertebrate models and their role in environmental biomonitoring will also be discussed as well as the comparison of the use of the comet assay in vertebrate and human models in line with ethical principles. Although the comet assay in vertebrates is most commonly used in laboratory animals such as mice, rats and lately zebrafish, this paper will only briefly review its use regarding laboratory animal models and rather give special emphasis to the increasing usage of the assay in domestic and wildlife animals as well as in various ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Bojana Žegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC - Health & Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro de Investigação e Estudos em Saúde de Publica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Matjaž Novak
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Monika Sramkova
- Biomedical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bertrand Pourrut
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- DeFENS-Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry-MILK, NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Ullah S, Li Z, Hasan Z, Khan SU, Fahad S. Malathion induced oxidative stress leads to histopathological and biochemical toxicity in the liver of rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton) at acute concentration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:270-280. [PMID: 29886314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides form a diverse group of chemicals, having a wide range of physicochemical properties with crucial toxicological actions and endpoints. These are extensively used to control pests of different food (fruits, vegetables, tea, etc.) and non-food (tobacco, cotton, etc.) crops. Malathion is an important widely used organophosphorus pesticide but its hepatotoxic effects on fish are not well studied. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of Malathion on rohu (Labeo rohita) fish in a semi-static system using different parameters. The LC50 of Malathion was found to be 5 µg/L for rohu for 96 h through Probit analysis and was used for further toxicity testing. To find the hepatotoxic effects of Malathion, changes in different biochemical indices including protein contents, Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), activities of four protein metabolic enzymes [Aspartate Aminotransferase (AAT), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alanine Aminotransferase (AlAT), and Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH)], seven antioxidant enzymes [Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Reductase (GR), Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)], DNA damage [in term of comet tail length, tail moment, DNA percentage in tail, and olive tail moment], reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Histopathological alterations were assayed. Malathion exposure led to a time-reliant significant (P < 0.05) decrease in protein contents and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in ROS, LPO, enzymatic activities, and DNA damage. The histopathological examination of the liver showed different changes including hepatic necrosis, fatty infiltration, hemorrhage vacuolation, glycogen vacuolation, congestion, and cellular swelling. The current study clearly revealed Malathion as a potent hepatotoxic pesticide; therefore the injudicious, indiscriminate and extensive use of Malathion should be prohibited or at least reduced and strictly monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ullah
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China.
| | - Zaigham Hasan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shah Fahad
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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8
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Acevedo‐Whitehouse K, Cole KJ, Phillips DH, Jepson PD, Deaville R, Arlt VM. Hepatic DNA damage in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded along the English and Welsh coastlines. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2018; 59:613-624. [PMID: 29968392 PMCID: PMC6174976 DOI: 10.1002/em.22205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
One level at which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs) can exert damage is by causing DNA strand-breaks or nucleotide base modifications, which, if unrepaired, can lead to embryonic mutations, abnormal development and cancer. In marine ecosystems, genotoxicity is expected to be particularly strong in long-lived apex predators due to pollutant bioaccumulation. We conducted 32 P-postlabeling analyses optimized for the detection and quantification of aromatic/hydrophobic DNA adducts in the livers of 40 sexually-mature North Atlantic harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded along the English and Welsh coastlines. We examined hepatic tissue to search for inflammatory and preneoplastic lesions and examine their association with adduct levels. Adducts were found in all porpoises (mean: 17.56 ± 11.95 per 108 nucleotides), and were higher than levels reported for marine vertebrates from polluted sites. The pollutants causing the induced DNA adducts could not be further characterized. Hepatic DNA damage did not correlate with levels of blubber POP concentrations (including total polychlorinated biphenyl [PCBs], dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT] and dieldrin); PAH concentrations were not available for the present study. However, DNA damage predicted occurrence of inflammatory and preneoplastic lesions. Further, our data showed a reduction in hepatic DNA adduct levels with age in the 40 animals examined while POP concentrations, particularly PCBs, increased with age. Using a different dataset of 145 mature male harbour porpoises confirmed that higher contaminant levels (total PCBs, DDT and dieldrin) are found in older animals. The reduction in hepatic DNA adduct levels in older animals was in accordance with other studies which show that suppression of hepatic CYP1A enzyme activity at high PCB concentrations might impact on CYP1A-mediated DNA adduct formation of PAHs which are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and readily metabolized by CYP1A to species binding to DNA. In summary, our study shows that pollutant-induced DNA damage is prevalent in harbour porpoises from UK waters and may lead to detectable sub-lethal hepatic damage. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:613-624, 2018. © 2018 The Authors Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Environmental Mutagen Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Acevedo‐Whitehouse
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Unit for Basic and Applied MicrobiologyAutonomous University of QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
| | - Kathy J. Cole
- Section of Molecular CarcinogenesisInstitute of Cancer ResearchSuttonSurreyUnited Kingdom
| | - David H. Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and HealthKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health EnglandLondon and Imperial College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Jepson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rob Deaville
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Volker M. Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and HealthKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health EnglandLondon and Imperial College LondonUnited Kingdom
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Cuevas N, Zorita I. Baseline levels of environmental genotoxicity and potential confounding factors using common sole (Solea solea) as sentinel organism. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 138:1-8. [PMID: 29605424 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) and nuclear buds (NB) frequency was assessed monthly over a one-year period in erythrocytes of common soles (Solea solea) from the Basque continental shelf, a minor disturbed area, in order to determine baseline levels and potential biotic and abiotic confounding factors within biomonitoring purposes. Both genotoxic parameters presented seasonal variations, although only NB frequency was positively correlated with environmental variables (i.e. water temperature and salinity). On the contrary, MN and NB were not affected by age and gender. Therefore, samples of combined age and gender can be used for biomonitoring genotoxic effects, although sampling period together with water temperature and salinity should be thoroughly considered for NB. Overall, these findings are the first attempt to establish baseline MN (0.10-0.78‰) and NB (0.13-0.82‰) frequencies in common sole from Basque marine waters, which are useful for upcoming data comparisons and integration within genotoxicity evaluation procedures of similar marine environments under biomonitoring scopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cuevas
- AZTI, Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain.
| | - I Zorita
- AZTI, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110, Pasaia, Spain.
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10
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Erraud A, Bonnard M, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Duflot A, Forget-Leray J, Le Foll F, Geffard A, Xuereb B. Use of sperm DNA integrity as a marker for exposure to contamination in Palaemon serratus (Pennant 1777): Intrinsic variability, baseline level and in situ deployment. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:124-134. [PMID: 29324292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, the Comet assay was optimized for Palaemon serratus prawns in order to propose a biomarker for sperm quality in this species. However, better knowledge of its basal level and its natural variability, related to intrinsic biotic and environmental abiotic factors, is required before any relevant use of this biomarker in the field. To fulfill this goal, the present study proceeded in three steps: (i) the temporal variability of DNA integrity was followed monthly in a reference population over a 2-year period, (ii) the correlation between the main intrinsic biotic (i.e. size, weight and molting stage) and abiotic factors (i.e. water temperature) were recorded in the field, and the basal DNA integrity was assessed in order to scrutinize any confounding influence of factors unrelated to toxic response, (iii) the baseline level was used to discriminate biomarker response among different stations displaying contrasting contamination levels. The results of the two-year monitoring in the reference population revealed no correlation between the levels of spermatozoa DNA damage and temperature, body size, weight or molting stage. Only a slight variability between monthly samplings was detected. On the basis of these field-collected data, we defined a reference distribution (i.e. 52.6 ± 5.6 A.U) with a threshold value (i.e. 61.7 A.U). Finally, this threshold value proved its relevance to discriminate among stations with contrasting pollution levels around the Seine Bay. Indeed, the results suggest significant DNA damage in populations nearest the Seine estuary, a major source of contaminants in the Bay, and a lower effect in populations further away from the estuary. The overall conclusion was that the Comet assay on P. serratus spermatozoa could be a useful tool for the monitoring of the toxicological print within sperm and main globally the contamination exposure of crustaceans in marine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Erraud
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Marc Bonnard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR MALY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- IRSTEA, UR MALY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Frank Le Foll
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France.
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11
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Xie J, Yang D, Sun X, Cao R, Chen L, Wang Q, Li F, Wu H, Ji C, Cong M, Zhao J. Individual and Combined Toxicities of Benzo[a]pyrene and 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether on Early Life Stages of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 99:582-588. [PMID: 28889174 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous and coexisted in the aquatic environment. Individual and combined toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on embryogenesis, and larval survival of the Pacific oyster were investigated. The EC50 values of BaP, BDE-47 and their mixture on embryogenesis were 18.4, 203.3 and 72.0 µg/L respectively, while the LC50 values for 96 h larval mortality were 26.8, 244.5 and 108.9 µg/L respectively. The Marking-Dawson additive toxicity indices were -0.02 and -0.19, indicating an additive effect with a trend to antagonism. In addition, DNA strand breaks were also observed in oyster embryos after exposure. Our study suggests that BaP and BDE-47 exposure can cause developmental abnormalities, DNA damage and larval mortality. Furthermore, the toxicity of the mixture is slightly lower than individual pollutant. These data will be helpful to predict the toxicity of organic pollutants, and provide criteria for marine water quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyan Sun
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Sanni S, Lyng E, Pampanin DM, Smit MGD. II. Species sensitivity distributions based on biomarkers and whole organism responses for integrated impact and risk assessment criteria. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 127:11-23. [PMID: 28041674 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to bridge gaps between biomarker and whole organism responses related to oil based offshore discharges. These biomarker bridges will facilitate acceptance criteria for biomarker data linked to environmental risk assessment and translate biomarker results to higher order effects. Biomarker based species sensitivity distributions (SSDbiomarkers) have been constructed for relevant groups of biomarkers based on laboratory data from oil exposures. SSD curves express the fraction of species responding to different types of biomarkers. They have been connected to SSDs for whole organism responses (WORs) constructed in order to relate the SSDbiomarkers to animal fitness parameters that are commonly used in environmental risk assessment. The resulting SSD curves show that biomarkers and WORs can be linked through their potentially affected fraction of species (PAF) distributions, enhancing the capability to monitor field parameters with better correlation to impact and risk assessment criteria and providing improved chemical/biological integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steinar Sanni
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway; University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Emily Lyng
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway; University of Stavanger, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mathijs G D Smit
- Shell Global Solutions International BV, PO Box 60, 2280 AB, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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13
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Vignier J, Volety AK, Rolton A, Le Goïc N, Chu FLE, Robert R, Soudant P. Sensitivity of eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) spermatozoa and oocytes to dispersed oil: Cellular responses and impacts on fertilization and embryogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 225:270-282. [PMID: 28343714 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill released millions of barrels of oil and dispersant into the Gulf of Mexico. The timing of the spill coincided with the spawning season of Crassostrea virginica. Consequently, gametes released in the water were likely exposed to oil and dispersant. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the cellular effects of acute exposure of spermatozoa and oocytes to surface slick oil, dispersed mechanically (HEWAF) and chemically (CEWAF), using flow-cytometric (FCM) analyses, and (ii) determine whether the observed cellular effects relate to impairments of fertilization and embryogenesis of gametes exposed to the same concentrations of CEWAF and HEWAF. Following a 30-min exposure, the number of spermatozoa and their viability were reduced due to a physical action of oil droplets (HEWAF) and a toxic action of CEWAF respectively. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in exposed oocytes tended to increase with increasing oil concentrations suggesting that exposure to dispersed oil resulted in an oxidative stress. The decrease in fertilization success (1-h), larval survival (24-h) and increase in abnormalities (6-h and 24-h) may be partly related to altered cellular characteristics. FCM assays are a good predictor of sublethal effects especially on fertilization success. These data suggest that oil/dispersant are cytotoxic to gametes, which may affect negatively the reproduction success and early development of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vignier
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - A K Volety
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
| | - A Rolton
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - N Le Goïc
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - F-L E Chu
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary, Department of Aquatic Health Sciences, Gloucester Point, 23062 VA, USA
| | - R Robert
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Centre Bretagne - ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - P Soudant
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
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14
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Pampanin DM, Brooks SJ, Grøsvik BE, Le Goff J, Meier S, Sydnes MO. DNA adducts in marine fish as biological marker of genotoxicity in environmental monitoring: The way forward. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 125:49-62. [PMID: 28167386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
DNA adducts in fish represent a very important genotoxicity endpoint in environmental monitoring, being a pre-mutagenic lesion that plays an essential role in the initiation of carcinogenesis. The analysis of DNA adducts is a challenging task due to the low concentration of the analyte. Methods are available to determine the presence of DNA adducts, although further knowledge is required to fully understand the nature of the adducts and responsible xenobiotics (i.e. position of adduct in DNA, most active xenobiotic and metabolite forms, structural information). At present, 32P-postlabeling is the most used method that has the required sensitivity for DNA adduct analyses in both human health and environmental monitoring. Development of new mass spectrometry based methods for identifying DNA adducts in complex matrixes is now considered as a necessary mission in toxicology in order to gain the necessary information regarding adduct formation and facilitate tracking sources of contamination. Mass spectrometry therefore represents the future of DNA adduct detection, bringing along a series of challenges that the scientific community is facing at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Pampanin
- International Research Institute of Stavanger, Mekjarvik 12, NO-4070 Randaberg, Norway; Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Steven J Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jérémie Le Goff
- ADn'tox, Bâtiment Recherche, Centre François Baclesse 3, Avenue du Général Harris, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - Sonnich Meier
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Magne O Sydnes
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
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15
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Burgeot T, Akcha F, Ménard D, Robinson C, Loizeau V, Brach-Papa C, Martínez-Gòmez C, Le Goff J, Budzinski H, Le Menach K, Cachot J, Minier C, Broeg K, Hylland K. Integrated monitoring of chemicals and their effects on four sentinel species, Limanda limanda, Platichthys flesus, Nucella lapillus and Mytilus sp., in Seine Bay: A key step towards applying biological effects to monitoring. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 124:92-105. [PMID: 27839718 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The International workshop on Integrated Assessment of CONtaminants impacts on the North sea (ICON) provided a framework to validate the application of chemical and biological assessment thresholds (BACs and EACs) in the Seine Bay in France. Bioassays (oyster larval anomalies, Corophium arenarium toxicity assay and DR Calux) for sediment and biomarkers: ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, lysosomal membrane stability (LMS), DNA strand breaks using the Comet assay, DNA adducts, micronucleus (MN), PAH metabolites, imposex, intersex and fish external pathologies were analysed in four marine sentinel species (Platichthys flesus, Limanda limanda, Mytilus sp. and Nucella lapilus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals were analysed in biota and sediment. Results for sediment and four species in 2008-2009 made it possible to quantify the impact of contaminants using thresholds (Environmental Assessment Criteria/EAC2008: 70% and EAC2009: 60%) and effects (EAC2008: 50% and EAC2009: 40%) in the Seine estuary. The Seine estuary is ranked among Europe's most highly polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burgeot
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France.
| | - Farida Akcha
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Dominique Ménard
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Craig Robinson
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK
| | - Véronique Loizeau
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Christophe Brach-Papa
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - Concepción Martínez-Gòmez
- Instituto Espagňol de Oceanografia, Oceanografic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jérémie Le Goff
- Adn'Tox, GRECAN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14076, Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, Laboratory EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, 33615, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Karine Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, Laboratory EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, 33615, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Jérome Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, Laboratory EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, 33615, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Christophe Minier
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LEMA), UMR SEBIO, University of Le Havre, 25 Rue P. Lebon, 76058, Le Havre, France
| | - Katja Broeg
- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany (BSH), Benhard-Nocht-Straße 78, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Pb 1066, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Hylland K, Skei BB, Brunborg G, Lang T, Gubbins MJ, le Goff J, Burgeot T. DNA damage in dab (Limanda limanda) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) from European seas. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 124:54-60. [PMID: 26806613 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dab (Limanda limanda) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) were collected from coastal and offshore locations in the Baltic (dab only), North Sea (haddock from one location only) and Iceland. Blood was analysed for DNA strand breaks using the comet assay and liver samples for DNA adduct concentrations. DNA strand breaks were at background levels in dab from the two Iceland locations and from the Dogger Bank. The highest levels were observed in dab from the Firth of Forth, Ekofisk and the German Bight. Hepatic DNA adducts in dab were highest at Ekofisk, in the Baltic and Dogger Bank, below detection limit in dab from Iceland and low in dab from the Firth of Forth and German Bight. There was large variation in DNA strand breaks between locations and individuals for haddock, particularly from Iceland. Adduct concentrations were elevated in haddock from both Iceland and the Firth of Forth. A general linear model (GLM) suggested that, in addition to location, the size of dab and its general condition contributed to explaining the observed variability in DNA strand breaks. A GLM for adducts in dab similarly allocated most of the variability to location, but with a possible contribution from CYP1A activity. There were no apparent differences between male and female dab for any of the methods. There was no obvious relationship between strand breaks and adducts in the same fish although dab from Ekofisk and Iceland had respectively high and low responses using both methods. The results from this large-scale study showed pollution-related genotoxicity for dab, that fish blood samples can be conserved prior to comet analyses and that there are clear species differences in genotoxic responses even when collected at the same location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bjørn Borge Skei
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- National Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Lang
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Deichstr. 12, 27472 Cuxhaven, Germany
| | - Matthew J Gubbins
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK
| | - Jérémie le Goff
- Adn'Tox, GRECAN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - Thierry Burgeot
- IFREMER, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu. B.P. 21105, 44311 Nantes Cédex 03, France
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17
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Kračun-Kolarević M, Kolarević S, Jovanović J, Marković V, Ilić M, Simonović P, Simić V, Gačić Z, Diamantini E, Stella E, Petrović M, Majone B, Bellin A, Paunović M, Vuković-Gačić B. Evaluation of genotoxic potential throughout the upper and middle stretches of Adige river basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:1383-1391. [PMID: 27450952 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study a comprehensive genotoxicological survey throughout the upper and middle stretches of Adige river basin is presented. The study was carried out at 7 sites located along the Adige main course and one the most significant tributaries, the Noce creek, both presenting different levels of pollution pressure. To give an insight into the nature of the genotoxic activity we employed the battery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic assays. Mutagenicity in water samples was evaluated by SOS/umuC test in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. The level of DNA damage as a biomarker of exposure (comet assay) and biomarker of effect (micronucleus assay) and the level of oxidative stress as well (Fpg - modified comet assay) were studied in blood cells of Salmo cenerinus Nardo, 1847 and Salmo marmoratus Cuvier, 1829. Within the applied bioassays, comet assay showed the highest potential for discriminating the sampling sites which are under lesser extent of pressure (sampling sites 1-Barnes at Bresimo and 4-Noce downstream S. Giustina) from the sites under high pressure (sampling sites 5-Noce at Mezzolombardo and 6/7-Adige upstream and downstream municipality of Trento). Significant correlation between the standard and Fpg - modified comet assay indicated that oxidative stress could be a major contributor to observed DNA damage in collected specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vanja Marković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ilić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Vladica Simić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elena Diamantini
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy
| | - Elisa Stella
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Majone
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Bellin
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, Belgrade, Serbia
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Perrichon P, Le Menach K, Akcha F, Cachot J, Budzinski H, Bustamante P. Toxicity assessment of water-accommodated fractions from two different oils using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo-larval bioassay with a multilevel approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:952-966. [PMID: 27312275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum compounds from chronic discharges and oil spills represent an important source of environmental pollution. To better understand the deleterious effects of these compounds, the toxicity of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) from two different oils (brut Arabian Light and Erika heavy fuel oils) were used in this study. Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were exposed during 96h at three WAF concentrations (1, 10 and 100% for Arabian Light and 10, 50 and 100% for Erika) in order to cover a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations, representative of the levels found after environmental oil spills. Several endpoints were recorded at different levels of biological organization, including lethal endpoints, morphological abnormalities, photomotor behavioral responses, cardiac activity, DNA damage and exposure level measurements (EROD activity, cyp1a and PAH metabolites). Neither morphological nor behavioral or physiological alterations were observed after exposure to Arabian Light fractions. In contrast, the Erika fractions led a high degree of toxicity in early life stages of zebrafish. Despite of defense mechanisms induced by oil, acute toxic effects have been recorded including mortality, delayed hatching, high rates of developmental abnormalities, disrupted locomotor activity and cardiac failures at the highest PAH concentrations (∑TPAHs=257,029±47,231ng·L(-1)). Such differences in toxicity are likely related to the oil composition. The use of developing zebrafish is a good tool to identify wide range of detrimental effects and elucidate their underlying foundations. Our work highlights once more, the cardiotoxic action (and potentially neurotoxic) of petroleum-related PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prescilla Perrichon
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Farida Akcha
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
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19
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Kostić J, Kolarević S, Kračun-Kolarević M, Aborgiba M, Gačić Z, Lenhardt M, Vuković-Gačić B. Genotoxicity assessment of the Danube River using tissues of freshwater bream (Abramis brama). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:20783-20795. [PMID: 27475437 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the use of freshwater bream (Abramis brama) as a sentinel organism for genotoxicity assessment of the Danube River using the comet assay. Sampling of bream was performed during February, April, August, and November in 2014 to assess seasonal variation of DNA damage level as a response to genotoxicity in annual cycle. Additionally, concentrations of fecal coliforms and enterococci were analyzed and they indicated a critical to strong level of fecal pollution on investigated locality during annual cycle. Comet assay was performed on blood, liver, and gill cells of bream. DNA damage level was expressed using tail intensity (TI %), Olive tail moment (OTM), and tail length (TL pix). According to TI and OTM, all three tissues had the highest level of DNA damage in August. The lowest level of DNA damage in liver was measured during February, in blood during November, and in gills during April. According to TL, gills had the highest level of DNA damage in February, and liver cells had the lowest level of damage during April. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) showed that DNA damage in blood cells is under the strong influence of variations in NO2, NO3-, NH4+ levels and also the variation in temperature and oxygen levels. DNA damage in liver cells is highly associated with the variations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and PO43- levels. DNA damage in gill cells is strongly affected by the variations of As, Cd, Pb, Cr, and COD (Mn) levels. Freshwater bream is shown to be a potentially good indicator organism in genotoxic potential field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Kostić
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mustafa Aborgiba
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gačić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Lenhardt
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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20
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Kolarević S, Aborgiba M, Kračun-Kolarević M, Kostić J, Simonović P, Simić V, Milošković A, Reischer G, Farnleitner A, Gačić Z, Milačič R, Zuliani T, Vidmar J, Pergal M, Piria M, Paunović M, Vuković-Gačić B. Evaluation of Genotoxic Pressure along the Sava River. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162450. [PMID: 27631093 PMCID: PMC5025182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we have performed a comprehensive genotoxicological survey along the 900 rkm of the Sava River. In total, 12 sites were chosen in compliance with the goals of GLOBAQUA project dealing with the effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The genotoxic potential was assessed using a complex battery of bioassays performed in prokaryotes and aquatic eukaryotes (freshwater fish). Battery comprised evaluation of mutagenicity by SOS/umuC test in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. The level of DNA damage as a biomarker of exposure (comet assay) and biomarker of effect (micronucleus assay) and the level of oxidative stress as well (Fpg—modified comet assay) was studied in blood cells of bleak and spirlin (Alburnus alburnus/Alburnoides bipunctatus respectively). Result indicated differential sensitivity of applied bioassays in detection of genotoxic pressure. The standard and Fpg—modified comet assay showed higher potential in differentiation of the sites based on genotoxic potential in comparison with micronucleus assay and SOS/umuC test. Our data represent snapshot of the current status of the river which indicates the presence of genotoxic potential along the river which can be traced to the deterioration of quality of the Sava River by communal and industrial wastewaters. The major highlight of the study is that we have provided complex set of data obtained from a single source (homogeneity of analyses for all samples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Mustafa Aborgiba
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Simonović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladica Simić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Georg Reischer
- TU Wien, Institute for Chemical Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Farnleitner
- TU Wien, Institute for Chemical Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Zuliani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Vidmar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marija Pergal
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Piria
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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Sagerup K, Nahrgang J, Frantzen M, Larsen LH, Geraudie P. Biological effects of marine diesel oil exposure in red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) assessed through a water and foodborne exposure experiment. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 119:126-35. [PMID: 27266989 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Shipping activities are expected to increase in the Arctic Seas. Today, the majority of vessels are using marine diesel oil (MDO) as propulsion fuel. However, there is a general lack of knowledge of how cold-water marine species respond to acute exposures to MDO. Arctic red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus) were exposed to mechanically dispersed MDO in a flow-through exposure system for one week followed by three weeks of recovery. Observations of increased movements in exposed crabs were interpreted as avoidance behaviour. Further, glutathione peroxidase activity increased in high exposed crab, the catalase activity showed an insignificant increase with exposure, while no differences between groups were observed for lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase activity. After three weeks of recovery in clean seawater, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations in the crabs were significantly reduced, with no specific biomarker responses in exposed groups compared to the control. The results suggest that effects from instantaneous MDO spill only will have short-term effects on the red king crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Sagerup
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Postboks 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Jasmine Nahrgang
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Postboks 6050 Langnes, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marianne Frantzen
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Postboks 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lars-Henrik Larsen
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Postboks 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway; UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Postboks 6050 Langnes, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Perrine Geraudie
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Postboks 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
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22
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Ullah S, Begum M, Ahmad S, Dhama K. Genotoxic Effect of Endosulfan at Sublethal Concentrations in
Mori (Cirrhinus mrigala) Fish Using Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis
(Comet) Assay. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.169.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Ullah S, Begum M, Dhama K, Ahmad S, Hassan S, Alam I. Malathion Induced DNA Damage in Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) Using Alkaline Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2016.98.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Siscar R, Varó I, Solé M. Hepatic and branchial xenobiotic biomarker responses in Solea spp. from several NW Mediterranean fishing grounds. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 112:35-43. [PMID: 26392351 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The common sole, Solea solea and the Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis are two important commercial benthic species that coexist in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Several common biomarkers of chemical exposure were measured in two organs (liver and gills) involved in a different degree in biotransformation and detoxification processes. These parameters were: phase I cytochrome P450 CYP1A-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and carboxylesterase activities, phase II glutathione S-transferase activity and the enzymatic antioxidants: catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) considering biometric variables (size and weight) and all liver and gill biomarkers discriminated at a certain extent individuals of both species collected at the different fishing grounds. Esterase inhibition by the organophosphorus pesticides dichlorvos and diazinon was also compared in vitro in muscle, liver and gill of the two species revealing a differential sensitivity. The use of benthic sole in pollution monitoring of Southern Europe is discussed as local sentinel in respect to other benthic fish from more Northern latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Siscar
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - I Varó
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - M Solé
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Michel C, Vincent-Hubert F. DNA oxidation and DNA repair in gills of zebra mussels exposed to cadmium and benzo(a)pyrene. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:2009-2016. [PMID: 26438356 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1536-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater bivalve molluscs are considered as effective indicators of environmental pollution. The comet assay allows the detection of DNA damage such as DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites. The main oxidative lesion, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), which is a pre-mutagenic lesion, can be detected by the comet assay coupled with the hOGG1 DNA repair enzyme. With this modified assay we recently observed that BaP induced 8-oxodG lesions and with the modified comet-Fpg assay we observed that Cd induced oxidative DNA damage. The aim of this study was to determine the stability of DNA lesions in Cd and BaP exposed zebra mussels using the comet-hOGG1 assay. Mussels were exposed for 24 h to these two chemicals and then placed in clean water for 6 days. We observed that BaP (7, 12 and 18 µg/L) induced an increase of DNA strand break levels as soon as 6 h of exposure and that the two highest concentrations of BaP induced a low level of hOGG1-sensitive sites. After 2 days of depuration, BaP induced DNA lesions returned to the basal level, indicating an effective DNA repair. Cd (3, 32 and 81 µg/L) induced an increase of the DNA strand break levels and a low level of hOGG1-sensitive sites. This study revealed that BaP-induced DNA lesions are repaired more efficiently than Cd-induced DNA lesions. As the level of hOGG1 sensitive sites was increased in Cd and BaP exposed mussels, it seems that these chemicals induce 8-oxo-dG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Michel
- Unité de Recherches Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, IRSTEA, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761, Antony Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Vincent-Hubert
- Unité de Recherches Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, IRSTEA, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761, Antony Cedex, France.
- Laboratory of Microbiology-LNR, IFREMER, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France.
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26
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Mustafa SA, Karieb SS, Davies SJ, Jha AN. Assessment of oxidative damage to DNA, transcriptional expression of key genes, lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in carp Cyprinus carpio L. following exposure to chronic hypoxic and subsequent recovery in normoxic conditions. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:107-16. [PMID: 25527733 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish, a complex set of mechanisms deal with environmental stresses including hypoxia. In order to probe the hypothesis that hypoxia-induced stress could be manifested in varieties of pathways, a model species, mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio), were chronically exposed to hypoxic condition (dissolved oxygen level: 1.80 ± 0.6 mg/l) for 21 days and subsequently allowed to recover under normoxic condition (dissolved oxygen level: 8.2 ± 0.5 mg/l) for 7 days. At the end of these exposure periods, an integrated approach was applied to evaluate several endpoints at different levels of biological organisation. These included determination of (i) oxidative damage to DNA in erythrocytes (using modified comet assay), (ii) lipid peroxidation in liver samples by measuring the malondialdehyde production using the 2-thiobarbituric acid [i.e. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay] and (iii) histopathological changes in gills. In addition, transcriptional expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) and genes involved in the repair of oxidative damage to DNA (i.e. ogg1) and base excision repair (i.e. xrcc1) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in liver samples were also determined. The results suggested significantly enhanced expression of these genes in response to hypoxia compared to concurrent normoxic controls. While the expression of HIF-1α reverted to control values within 7 days exposure to normoxic condition (P < 0.05), the transcriptional expression of the two genes involved in DNA repair process remained significantly high under the recovery period, which complemented the induction of oxidative damage to DNA. Hypoxic groups showed significantly increased values for TBARS level (~2-fold) and histopathological changes in gill tissues compared to both normoxic and recovery groups. Overall, oxidative damage to DNA determined by modified comet assay reflected the observed biological responses in other tissues of the fish. Along with other parameters, this integrated experimental design further strengthens the applications of the comet assay as an important technique to assess stress-induced DNA damage in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa A Mustafa
- Present address: Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq
| | - Sahar S Karieb
- Present address: Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science/Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq
| | - Simon J Davies
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK, Present address: Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq. Present address: Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science/Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq
| | - Awadhesh N Jha
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK, Present address: Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq. Present address: Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science/Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq.
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27
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Perrichon P, Akcha F, Le Menach K, Goubeau M, Budzinski H, Cousin X, Bustamante P. Parental trophic exposure to three aromatic fractions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the zebrafish: Consequences for the offspring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 524-525:52-62. [PMID: 25889544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, PAH emissions due to extensive anthropogenic activities have risen sharply causing considerable pollution of aquatic ecosystems. This pollution represents a threat for organisms, among them are fish. Consequently, prenatal stress can have important repercussions, and may impact survival and population recruitment. To investigate this point, eggs were collected from zebrafish exposed during 6 months by trophic route to three aromatic fractions from two different origins, pyrolytic (PY) and petrogenic (light (BAL) and heavy (HFO) fractions) sources. Chronic dietary exposure of the parents was performed at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3×, 1× and 3×; 1× represents an environmental concentration measured in French estuary). In order to explore the consequences of parental exposure for the next first generation, toxic responses were studied in both embryos and larvae using a multiscale approach. Toxic effects were assessed by looking at hatching success, developmental abnormalities, photomotor response and heartbeat. The level of PAH metabolites and EROD activity in fish larvae were measured to assess exposure to PAHs. Egg production of parents was significantly reduced compared to the Control; hence little information was available for BAL and HFO offspring. The size of larvae from PY parents was found to increase despite a reduced yolk sac compared to Control larvae. Furthermore, a high level of behavioral stress was observed in larvae originating from parents exposed to three-fold the environmental concentration. The cardiac activity was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner for the PY exposure group. No effect was however observed on biotransformation markers (cyp1a, EROD), nor on the level of DNA damage for all PY, BAL and HFO offspring. The absence of significant differences in metabolite levels may indicate a potential early depuration of transferred compounds or no PAH-transmission. The disruptions observed at the individual level in the next generation could impact on the longer-term, surviving population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prescilla Perrichon
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
| | - Farida Akcha
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- Université de Bordeaux (EPOC, LPTC, UMR CNRS 5805), 351 Cours de la Libération, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Manon Goubeau
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux (EPOC, LPTC, UMR CNRS 5805), 351 Cours de la Libération, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Cousin
- Ifremer, Laboratoire d'Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; INRA, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons, Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
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28
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Gülsoy N, Yavas C, Mutlu Ö. Genotoxic effects of boric acid and borax in zebrafish, Danio rerio using alkaline comet assay. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:890-9. [PMID: 26862320 PMCID: PMC4743479 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study is conducted to determine the potential mechanisms of Boron compounds, boric acid (BA) and borax (BX), on genotoxicity of zebrafish Danio rerio for 24, 48, 72 and 96-hours acute exposure (level:1, 4, 16, 64 mg/l BA and BX) in semi-static bioassay experiment. For that purpose, peripheral erythrocytes were drawn from caudal vein and Comet assay was applied to assess genotoxicity. Acute (96 hours) exposure and high concentrations of boric acid and borax increases % tail DNA and Olive tail moment. Genotoxicity was found for BA as concentration-dependent and BX as concentration and time dependent manner. In general, significant effects (P < 0,05) on both concentrations and exposure times were observed in experimental groups. DNA damage was highest at 96 h and 24 h for all BX and BA concentrations, respectively in peripheral blood of D. rerio. For the first time, our study demonstrates the effect of waterborne BA and BX exposure on genotoxicity at the molecular level, which may contribute to understanding the mechanism of boric acid and borax-induced genotoxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Gülsoy
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 34722, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cüneyd Yavas
- Marmara University, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, 34722, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özal Mutlu
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 34722, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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de Lapuente J, Lourenço J, Mendo SA, Borràs M, Martins MG, Costa PM, Pacheco M. The Comet Assay and its applications in the field of ecotoxicology: a mature tool that continues to expand its perspectives. Front Genet 2015; 6:180. [PMID: 26089833 PMCID: PMC4454841 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Singh and colleagues, in 1988, launched to the scientific community the alkaline Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) protocol, or Comet Assay, its uses and applications has been increasing. The thematic areas of its current employment in the evaluation of genetic toxicity are vast, either in vitro or in vivo, both in the laboratory and in the environment, terrestrial or aquatic. It has been applied to a wide range of experimental models: bacteria, fungi, cells culture, arthropods, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and humans. This document is intended to be a comprehensive review of what has been published to date on the field of ecotoxicology, aiming at the following main aspects: (i) to show the most relevant experimental models used as bioindicators both in the laboratory and in the field. Fishes are clearly the most adopted group, reflecting their popularity as bioindicator models, as well as a primary concern over the aquatic environment health. Amphibians are among the most sensitive organisms to environmental changes, mainly due to an early aquatic-dependent development stage and a highly permeable skin. Moreover, in the terrestrial approach, earthworms, plants or mammalians are excellent organisms to be used as experimental models for genotoxic evaluation of pollutants, complex mix of pollutants and chemicals, in both laboratory and natural environment. (ii) To review the development and modifications of the protocols used and the cell types (or tissues) used. The most recent developments concern the adoption of the enzyme linked assay (digestion with lesion-specific repair endonucleases) and prediction of the ability to repair of oxidative DNA damage, which is becoming a widespread approach, albeit challenging. For practical/technical reasons, blood is the most common choice but tissues/cells like gills, sperm cells, early larval stages, coelomocytes, liver or kidney have been also used. (iii) To highlight correlations with other biomarkers. (iv) To build a constructive criticism and summarize the needs for protocol improvements for future test applications within the field of ecotoxicology. The Comet Assay is still developing and its potential is yet underexploited in experimental models, mesocosmos or natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín de Lapuente
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Lourenço
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A. Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miquel Borràs
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Marta G. Martins
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Costa
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
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Pérez-García C, Rouxel J, Akcha F. Development of a comet-FISH assay for the detection of DNA damage in hemocytes of Crassostrea gigas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 161:189-195. [PMID: 25710447 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the DNA-damaging effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structural integrity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was studied for the first time by comet-FISH in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Global DNA damage was assessed in hemocytes using an alkaline version of the comet assay. Next, NOR sensitivity was analyzed by mapping major rDNA repeat unit by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on the same comet slides. Exposure of hemocytes to 100 μM of hydrogen peroxide induced a significant increase in both DNA damage and number of FISH-signals of major ribosomal genes versus the control. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was shown between DNA damage as measured by the comet assay (percentage of DNA in comet tail) and the number of signals present in comet tails. This study demonstrates the potential value of the comet-FISH assay for the study of DNA damage induced by genotoxicant exposure of target genes. It offers a perspective for better understanding the impact of genotoxicity on animal physiology and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pérez-García
- IFREMER, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
| | - J Rouxel
- IFREMER, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - F Akcha
- IFREMER, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
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Martins M, Costa PM. The comet assay in Environmental Risk Assessment of marine pollutants: applications, assets and handicaps of surveying genotoxicity in non-model organisms. Mutagenesis 2014; 30:89-106. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Dupuy C, Galland C, Devaux A, Bony S, Loizeau V, Danion M, Pichereau V, Fournier M, Laroche J. Responses of the European flounder (Platichthys flesus) to a mixture of PAHs and PCBs in experimental conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:13789-13803. [PMID: 24504773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A multibiomarker approach was developed to evaluate the juvenile European flounder responses to a complex mixture of 9 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Exposure was performed through contaminated food pellets displaying: (1) PAH and PCB levels similar to those detected in the heavily polluted Seine estuary, respectively in sediments and in flatfish and (2) ten times these concentrations. Several biomarkers of the immune system (e.g., lysozyme concentration and gene expression of complement component C3 and TNF-receptor), DNA damage (e.g., Comet assay), energetic metabolism (e.g., activity of cytochrome C oxidase), detoxification process (e.g., cytochrome P450 1A1 expression level: CYP1A1; betaine homocysteine methyl transferase expression level: BHMT) were investigated after 14 and 29 days of contamination, followed by a 14-days recovery period. After 29 days of contamination, the detoxification activity (CYP1A1 expression level) was positively correlated with DNA damages; the increase of the BHMT expression level could also be related to the detoxification process. Furthermore, after the recovery period, some biomarkers were still upregulated (i.e., CYP1A1 and BHMT expression levels). The immune system was significantly modulated by the chemical stress at the two concentration levels, and the lysozyme appeared to be the most sensitive marker of the mixture impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célie Dupuy
- UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne occidentale, Plouzané, 29280, France,
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Dabrowska H, Kopko O, Góra A, Waszak I, Walkusz-Miotk J. DNA damage, EROD activity, condition indices, and their linkages with contaminants in female flounder (Platichthys flesus) from the southern Baltic Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 496:488-498. [PMID: 25108251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Baltic Sea is considered as one of the marine areas most exposed to human impacts. A variety of chemical contaminants pose a threat to the habitants. Female flounder (Platichthys flesus) collected from three locations in the southern Baltic Sea in February 2010 were examined for biomarkers of exposure to genotoxic agents (DNA damage), AhR-active contaminants (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, EROD activity), and somatic condition indexes. Organochlorine contaminants (OCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites were also measured in individual flounder to evaluate the biological responses in the context of contaminant burden. The genotoxicity, mildly exceeding a background level, revealed a significant relationship with mono-ortho substituted PCB (m-oPCB). Hepatic EROD activity was highly induced, yet showed no association with any of the contaminants measured other than biliary 1-OH pyrene normalized to pigment absorbance. Significant negative relationships were observed for lipid-based OCs and the gonado-somatic index (GSI) as well as for Ʃm-oPCB concentrations and the condition factor (CF). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed an overall connection between somatic condition indexes, biomarkers, and chemical variables. Of the three locations, flounder inhabiting the Gulf of Gdańsk had the greatest contaminant burden and appeared to be the most affected. Of great concern is the reduced GSI in this location which can be attributed to the effects of contaminants and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryka Dabrowska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Orest Kopko
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Góra
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), Gdynia, Poland
| | - Ilona Waszak
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), Gdynia, Poland
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Caliani I, Campani T, Giannetti M, Marsili L, Casini S, Fossi MC. First application of comet assay in blood cells of Mediterranean loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 96:68-72. [PMID: 24112743 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the comet assay in erythrocytes of Caretta caretta, a species never investigated for genotoxicity. We studied 31 loggerhead sea turtles from three Italian marine rescue centres. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all the animals and the comet assay applied. All comet cells were analysed using two methods: visual scoring and computer image analysis. The % DNA in tail mean value ± SD and Damage Index were 21.56 ± 15.41 and 134.83 ± 94.12, respectively. A strong and statistically significant statistically correlation between the two analytical methods was observed (r = 0.95; p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that the comet assay is a useful method to detect the possible effects of genotoxic agents in loggerhead sea turtle and to increase the knowledge about the ecotoxicological health status of this threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Campani
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Giannetti
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Letizia Marsili
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Barranger A, Akcha F, Rouxel J, Brizard R, Maurouard E, Pallud M, Menard D, Tapie N, Budzinski H, Burgeot T, Benabdelmouna A. Study of genetic damage in the Japanese oyster induced by an environmentally-relevant exposure to diuron: evidence of vertical transmission of DNA damage. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 146:93-104. [PMID: 24291084 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides represent a major proportion of the chemical pollutants detected in French coastal waters and hence a significant environmental risk with regards to marine organisms. Commercially-raised bivalves are particularly exposed to pollutants, among them pesticides, as shellfish farming zones are subject to considerable pressure from agricultural activities on the mainland. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the genotoxic effects of diuron exposure on oyster genitors and (2) the possible transmission of damaged DNA to offspring and its repercussions on oyster fitness. To investigate these points, oysters were exposed to concentrations of diuron close to those detected in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (two 7-day exposure pulses at 0.4 and 0.6 μg L(-1)) during the gametogenesis period. Genomic abnormalities were characterized using two complementary approaches. The Comet assay was applied for the measurement of early and reversible primary DNA damage, whereas flow cytometry was used to assess the clastogenic and aneugenic effect of diuron exposure. Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) were used in exposed and assay tanks to confirm the waterborne concentration of diuron reached during the experiment. The results obtained by the Comet assay clearly showed a higher level of DNA strand breaks in both the hemocytes and spermatozoa of diuron-exposed genitors. The transmission of damaged genetic material to gamete cells could be responsible for the genetic damage measured in offspring. Indeed, flow cytometry analyses showed the presence of DNA breakage and a significant decrease in DNA content in spat from diuron-exposed genitors. The transmission of DNA damage to the offspring could be involved in the negative effects observed on offspring development (decrease in hatching rate, higher level of larval abnormalities, delay in metamorphosis) and growth. In this study, the vertical transmission of DNA damage was so highlighted by subjecting oyster genitors to short exposures to diuron at medium environmental concentrations. The analysis of POCIS showed that oysters were exposed to integrated concentrations as low as 0.2 and 0.3 μg L(-1), emphasizing the relevance of the results obtained and the risk associated to chemical contamination for oyster recruitment and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barranger
- Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratory of Genetics and Pathology of Marine Molluscs, Avenue de Mus du Loup, F-17390 La Tremblade, France; Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - F Akcha
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
| | - J Rouxel
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - R Brizard
- Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratory of Genetics and Pathology of Marine Molluscs, Avenue de Mus du Loup, F-17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - E Maurouard
- Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratory of Genetics and Pathology of Marine Molluscs, Avenue de Mus du Loup, F-17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - M Pallud
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - D Menard
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - N Tapie
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - H Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - T Burgeot
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - A Benabdelmouna
- Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratory of Genetics and Pathology of Marine Molluscs, Avenue de Mus du Loup, F-17390 La Tremblade, France
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Baršienė J, Rybakovas A, Lang T, Andreikėnaitė L, Michailovas A. Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels in fish from the North Sea offshore region and Atlantic coastal waters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 68:106-116. [PMID: 23313042 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the ICON project, environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels were assessed in blood erythrocytes of dab (Limanda limanda) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) collected at 25 stations in the North Sea and near the coast of Iceland in August-October 2008. Micronuclei, nuclear buds and bi-nucleated cells with nucleoplasmic bridges were assessed as environmental genotoxicity biomarkers, and the frequency of fragmented-apoptotic and bi-nucleated erythrocytes were assessed as environmental cytotoxicity biomarkers. The lowest frequencies of genotoxic and cytotoxic abnormalities were detected in fish from the Icelandic study stations. The highest frequencies of abnormalities were recorded in dab from the Dogger Bank and the German Bight, in haddock from the Egersund Bank and from an area off the Firth of Forth (North Sea). In fish from the Icelandic reference area, frequencies of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity responses were significantly lower than in fish from most areas of the North Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Le Dû-Lacoste M, Akcha F, Dévier MH, Morin B, Burgeot T, Budzinski H. Comparative study of different exposure routes on the biotransformation and genotoxicity of PAHs in the flatfish species, Scophthalmus maximus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:690-707. [PMID: 23247530 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out in order to come to a better understanding of the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the marine environment and especially on their bioaccumulation, biotransformation and genotoxic effects in fish. Juveniles of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed to PAHs through different routes via (1) a mixture of dissolved PAHs, (2) a PAH-polluted sediment and (3) an oil fuel elutriate. Fish were exposed 4 days followed by a 6-day depuration period. In each experiment, PAH concentrations in the seawater of the tanks were analysed regularly by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Muscle and liver samples were also analysed for parent PAH levels and PAH bioconcentration factors were calculated. Biotransformation was evaluated by measuring the levels of PAH metabolites in fish bile. Genotoxicity was assessed by the alkaline comet assay. Regardless of exposure route, the parent PAH concentrations in the liver and muscle showed a peak level 1 day after the beginning of the exposure, followed by a decrease up to the background level towards the end of the experiment, except for the exposure to dissolved PAHs for which levels were relatively low throughout the study. As a consequence, no bioaccumulation was observed in fish tissues at the end of the experiment. In contrast, regardless of exposure routes, a rapid production of biliary metabolites was observed throughout the whole exposure experiment. This was especially true for 1-hydroxypyrene, the major metabolite of pyrene. After 6 days of recovery in clean water, a significant decrease in the total metabolite concentrations occurred in bile. Fish exposed through either route displayed a significant increase in DNA strand breaks after 4 days of exposure, and significant correlations were observed between the level of biliary PAH metabolites and the level of DNA lesions in fish erythrocytes. Overall results indicate that exposure to either a mixture of dissolved PAHs, a PAH-contaminated sediment or a dispersed oil fuel elutriate leads to biotransformation and increase in DNA damage in fish. The quantification of PAH metabolites in bile and DNA damage in erythrocytes appear to be suitable for environmental monitoring of marine pollution either in the case of accidental oil spills or sediment contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Le Dû-Lacoste
- Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, EPOC, UMR 5805, CNRS, Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment, LPTC, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence cedex, France
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Schaumburg LG, Poletta GL, Siroski PA, Mudry MD. Baseline values of micronuclei and comet assay in the lizard Tupinambis merianae (Teiidae, Squamata). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 84:99-103. [PMID: 22902164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Micronucleus test (MN) and Comet assay (CA) are currently the most widely used methods that allow the characterization of DNA damage induced by physical and chemical agents in wild species. The continuous expansion of the cultivated areas in Argentina, since the introduction of transgenic crops, mainly soy, in association with the increased use of pesticides, transformed deeply the natural environments where the lizard Tupinambis merianae (tegu lizard) occurs. Despite the fact that reptiles have shown to be excellent bioindicators of environmental contaminants, there is no record of genotoxicity studies in T. merianae. The aim of the present study was to adjust the MN test and CA protocols to be applied in erythrocytes of T. merianae, and determine the baseline values of DNA damage in this species. We used 20 adult lizards (10 males: 10 females) from Estación Zoológica Experimental "Granja La Esmeralda" (Santa Fe, Argentina). Peripheral blood samples were collected from all animals and the MN test and CA applied according to the protocols established for other reptilian species. We test critical parameters of CA protocol (cell density, unwinding and electrophoresis times) using increasing concentrations of H2O2 (10, 25 and 50 μM) as a known genotoxic agent to induce DNA damage. Based on this, we determined the most suitable conditions for the CA in this species: a cell density of 4×10(3) erythrocytes per slide, 10 min of unwinding and 15 min of electrophoresis at 0.90 V/cm approximately. The baseline frequency of micronuclei (BFMN=MN/1000 erythrocytes counted) determined for this species was 0.95±0.27 and the basal damage index (BDI: calculated from 100 comet images classified in arbitrary units)=103.85±0.97. No differences were observed between sexes in the BFMN or BDI (p>0.05), and no relation was found between baseline values and length or weight of the analyzed animals (p>0.05). These results demonstrated the sensitivity of both biomarkers of genotoxicity to be applied in erythrocytes of this species, with baseline values comparable to those reported in other reptilian species. These results allow us to propose the tegu lizard for future in vivo studies to assess the genotoxicity of different agents, including those possibly affecting it in its natural geographic distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G Schaumburg
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva (GIBE), IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Labs. 43-46, Piso 4, FCEyN, Pabellón II, Cdad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, CP: 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Chatel A, Faucet-Marquis V, Perret M, Gourlay-France C, Uher E, Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Vincent-Hubert F. Genotoxicity assessment and detoxification induction in Dreissena polymorpha exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. Mutagenesis 2012; 27:703-11. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Benincá C, Ramsdorf W, Vicari T, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, de Almeida MI, Silva de Assis HC, Cestari MM. Chronic genetic damages in Geophagus brasiliensis exposed to anthropic impact in estuarine lakes at Santa Catarina coast--southern of Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:2045-2056. [PMID: 21573857 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biological monitoring through animals exposed to pollutants using biomarkers provides a promising tool for the identification of pollutants that may cause damage to human health and/or to sustainability of ecosystems. The effects of pollutants in fish tissues are important tools to understand the impact of human activities in natural ecosystems. The aim of this work was to study the water quality of two estuarine lakes in Santa Catarina, Brazil (Camacho Lake and Santa Marta Lake). Geophagus brasiliensis is a species widely distributed in Brazil and was used in this work. Comet assays in peripheral red blood and kidney cells, micronucleus tests in peripheral red blood cells, measurements of acetylcholinesterase activity in axial muscle and histopathological analysis of liver were used as biomarkers. Three sampling campaigns were undertaken in November 2004, June 2005 and November 2005. Thirty adult animals were sampled from each of three different sites (P1--Santa Marta Lake, P2 and P3--Camacho Lake). A negative control was sampled in a non-polluted site at Costa Ecological Park, Paraná. The positive control for genotoxicity was obtained by treating animals with copper sulphate. The results showed that both studied lakes are impacted by potential genotoxic substances. Severe lesions in liver of G. brasiliensis were also observed. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity suggests the presence of pesticides or metals in the studied sites. This work shows that the water quality of Santa Marta and Camacho Lakes have been compromised and further control source of pollutants into these ecosystems is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Benincá
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Guilherme S, Gaivão I, Santos MA, Pacheco M. DNA damage in fish (Anguilla anguilla) exposed to a glyphosate-based herbicide -- elucidation of organ-specificity and the role of oxidative stress. Mutat Res 2012; 743:1-9. [PMID: 22266476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphate herbicides are among the most dangerous agrochemicals for the aquatic environment. In this context, Roundup(®), a glyphosate-based herbicide, has been widely detected in natural water bodies, representing a potential threat to non-target organisms, namely fish. Thus, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of Roundup(®) in the teleost fish Anguilla anguilla, addressing the possible causative involvement of oxidative stress. Fish were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of this herbicide (58 and 116 μgL(-1)) during one or three days. The standard procedure of the comet assay was applied to gill and liver cells in order to determine organ-specific genetic damage. Since liver is a central organ in xenobiotic metabolism, nucleoids of hepatic cells were also incubated with a lesion-specific repair enzyme (formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase - FPG), in order to recognise oxidised purines. Antioxidants were determined in both organs as indicators of pro-oxidant state. In general, both organs displayed an increase in DNA damage for the two Roundup(®) concentrations and exposure times, although liver showed to be less susceptible to the lower concentration. The enzyme-modified comet assay showed the occurrence of FPG-sensitive sites in liver only after a 3-day exposure to the higher Roundup(®) concentration. The antioxidant defences were in general unresponsive, despite a single increment of catalase activity in gills (116 μgL(-1), 3-day) and a decrease of superoxide dismutase activity in liver (58 μgL(-1), 3-day). Overall, the mechanisms involved in Roundup(®)-induced DNA strand-breaks showed to be similar in both organs. Nevertheless, it was demonstrated that the type of DNA damage varies with the concentration and exposure duration. Hence, after 1-day exposure, an increase on pro-oxidant state is not a necessary condition for the induction of DNA-damaging effects of Roundup(®). By increasing the duration of exposure to three days, ROS-dependent processes gained preponderance as a mechanism of DNA-damage induction in the higher concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Wessel N, Ménard D, Pichavant-Rafini K, Ollivier H, Le Goff J, Burgeot T, Akcha F. Genotoxic and enzymatic effects of fluoranthene in microsomes and freshly isolated hepatocytes from sole (Solea solea). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 108:33-41. [PMID: 22036012 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The fluoranthene (Fluo) is one of the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human food and in marine compartments. However, the existing data on its genotoxicity is poor and controversial. The aim of this study was to assess in vitro the potential genotoxicity of Fluo in sole and its possible effect on CYP450 modulation. Freshly isolated hepatocytes were exposed for 24 h to a range of Fluo concentrations from 0.5 to 50 μM in both culture flasks and microplate wells. The ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was measured as an indicator of the activity of the cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1). The genotoxic effects were evaluated by measuring both DNA strand breaks and DNA adducts by the alkaline comet assay and the postlabeling technique respectively. Calf thymus DNA was also exposed to Fluo in the presence of sole liver microsomes in order to check for Fluo DNA adduct formation. In sole hepatocytes, Fluo was shown to induce a decrease in the EROD activity in a concentration-dependent manner. A significant genotoxic effect was observed in terms of DNA strand breakage from an exposure concentration of 5 μM: despite a concentration-dependent effect was observed, it did not follow a linear dose-response. The response was similar whatever the way of exposure in flasks or in wells. One reproducible adduct was detected in the hepatocytes exposed to the highest concentrations of Fluo. The formation of Fluo adducts was confirmed by the detection of one reproducible adduct following in vitro exposure of calf thymus DNA to 100 and 200 μM of Fluo in the presence of sole microsomes. These results demonstrate the potential of sole hepatocytes to metabolize Fluo in 24 h into reactive species, able to induce genotoxicity by DNA strand breakage and DNA adduct formation. Moreover, a miniaturized cell exposure system was validated for further experiments using fewer amounts of hepatocytes and contaminants, and allowing exposure to PAH metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wessel
- IFREMER, Département de Biogéochimie et Ecotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
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Akcha F, Spagnol C, Rouxel J. Genotoxicity of diuron and glyphosate in oyster spermatozoa and embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 106-107:104-13. [PMID: 22115909 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of genotoxicant exposure in gametes and embryos to find a possible link between genotoxicity and reproduction/developmental impairment, and explore the impact of chemical genotoxicity on population dynamics. Our study focused on the genotoxic effects of two herbicides on oyster gametes and embryos: glyphosate (both as an active substance and in the Roundup formulation) and diuron. France is Europe's leading consumer of agrochemical substances and as such, contamination of France's coastal waters by pesticides is a major concern. Glyphosate and diuron are among the most frequently detected herbicides in oyster production areas; as oyster is a specie with external reproduction, its gametes and embryos are in direct contact with the surrounding waters and are hence particularly exposed to these potentially dangerous substances. In the course of this study, differences in genotoxic and embryotoxic responses were observed in the various experiments, possibly due to differences in pollutant sensitivity between the tested genitor lots. Glyphosate and Roundup had no effect on oyster development at the concentrations tested, whereas diuron significantly affected embryo-larval development from the lowest tested concentration of 0.05 μg L⁻¹, i.e. an environmentally realistic concentration. Diuron may therefore have a significant impact on oyster recruitment rates in the natural environment. Our spermiotoxicity study revealed none of the tested herbicides to be cytotoxic for oyster spermatozoa. However, the alkaline comet assay showed diuron to have a significant genotoxic effect on oyster spermatozoa at concentrations of 0.05 μg L⁻¹ upwards. Conversely, no effects due to diuron exposure were observed on sperm mitochondrial function or acrosomal membrane integrity. Although our initial results showed no negative effect on sperm function, the possible impact on fertilization rate and the consequences of the transmission of damaged DNA for oyster development and physiological performances, requires further investigation. A likely hypothesis to explain the embryotoxic and genotoxic effects of diuron is that it may act via causing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akcha
- Ifremer, Department of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
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Lee HJ, Shim WJ, Lee J, Kim GB. Temporal and geographical trends in the genotoxic effects of marine sediments after accidental oil spill on the blood cells of striped beakperch (Oplegnathus fasciatus). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:2264-2268. [PMID: 21803379 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To determine the impact of genetic toxicity caused by the Hebei Spirit oil spill on December 7, 2007, we measured DNA damage in the blood cells of striped beakperch in vitro after exposure to extracts from sediments in the Taean area. The objective of this study was to investigate temporal changes of toxic effects caused by residual PAHs in the sediments up to 18 months after an oil spill. In conclusion, DNA damage had reduced over this 18-month period; that is, the sediments recovered quickly from the oil pollution. In addition, statistically significant correlations between PAHs and DNA damage were observed. Because the comet assay is sensitive to DNA damage induced by genotoxic substances from the polluted sediments, the comet assay can be considered a useful tool as a biomarker in investigating genetic toxicity in environmental monitoring and elucidating the recovery of oil pollution after oil spill as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Lee
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeaongsang National University, Republic of Korea
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Pandey AK, Nagpure NS, Trivedi SP, Kumar R, Kushwaha B. Profenofos induced DNA damage in freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch) using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis. Mutat Res 2011; 726:209-14. [PMID: 21971292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the induced genotoxicity (DNA damage) due to organophosphate pesticide profenofos (PFF) in gill cells of freshwater fish Channa punctatus using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/Comet assay. The 96h LC(50) value of PFF (50% EC) was estimated for the fish species in a semistatic system and then three sub-lethal of LC(50) concentrations viz the sub-lethal 1, sub-lethal 2 and sub-lethal 3 concentrations were determined as 0.58ppb, 1.16ppb and 1.74ppb, respectively. The fish specimens were exposed to these concentrations of the pesticide and the gill tissue samplings were done on 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h post exposure for assessment of DNA damage in terms of percentage of DNA in comet tails. In general, a concentration dependent response was observed in the gill cells with induction of maximum DNA damage at the highest concentration of PFF. The results of the present investigation indicated that PFF could potentially induce genotoxic effect in fish, even in sub-lethal concentrations and SCGE as a sensitive and reliable tool for in vivo assessment of DNA damage caused by the genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atindra Kumar Pandey
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Lucknow, India
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Vincent-Hubert F, Arini A, Gourlay-Francé C. Early genotoxic effects in gill cells and haemocytes of Dreissena polymorpha exposed to cadmium, B[a]P and a combination of B[a]P and Cd. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 723:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Negreiros LA, Silva BF, Paulino MG, Fernandes MN, Chippari-Gomes AR. Effects of hypoxia and petroleum on the genotoxic and morphological parameters of Hippocampus reidi. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 153:408-14. [PMID: 21320635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia events are common in many aquatic systems, which may be a natural event or provoked by anthropogenic actions, as well as accidents involving oil occurring throughout the world are frequent. Thus, through the possibility of occurrence of these two situations in same place the purpose of this study was to evaluate if damage caused by crude oil on genotoxic and morphological parameters in the marine fish species Hippocampus reidi will be aggravated by events of severe hypoxia. Sea horses were exposed during 8h to the following conditions: crude oil (OIL), severe hypoxia (HYP), association of severe hypoxia and crude oil (HYP+OIL) and normoxia without contaminant (CONT). An increase in micronuclei observed in OIL and HYP+OIL groups indicates that the crude oil exposure was a determining factor in the micronuclei induction and hypoxia did not intensify this result. In comet assays, both petroleum and hypoxia provoke DNA damage. The most frequent histopathology in the control groups and in those exposed to OIL and HYP+OIL groups were: hypertrophy and capillary dilation; hypertrophy and hyperplasia; hypertrophy, epithelial "lifting" and epithelial hyperplasia. An elongation of the lamellae was observed in fish from the two groups exposed to hypoxia, probably due to the fact that these groups required a greater flow of blood in the gills to increase the efficiency of gas exchange, since they were in a hypoxic environment. In summary, the micronuclei test and comet assay can be used as a good biomarker of contamination by petroleum. The association of hypoxia with crude oil in some aspects may exacerbate the responses of fish, in the light of the increase in DNA damage and the alterations in thickness of the gill epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila A Negreiros
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro Universitário Vila Velha (UVV), CEP.: 29102-770, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Šrut M, Traven L, Štambuk A, Kralj S, Žaja R, Mićović V, Klobučar GI. Genotoxicity of marine sediments in the fish hepatoma cell line PLHC-1 as assessed by the Comet assay. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 25:308-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Detection of DNA damage in yolk-sac larvae of the Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes, by the comet assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 399:2235-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ternjej I, Mihaljević Z, Stanković I, Kerovec M, Sipos L, Zeljezić D, Kopjar N. Estimation of DNA integrity in blood cells of eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) inhabiting an aluminium-polluted water environment: an alkaline comet assay study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 59:182-193. [PMID: 20098983 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-010-9469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the impacts of an Al-contaminated aquatic environment on DNA integrity in the blood cells of eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki Girard 1859 inhabiting Lake Njivice (Island of Krk, Croatia), an evaluation using the alkaline comet assay was carried out. Genome integrity was studied in parallel with the same fish species inhabiting the nearby, unpolluted Lake Ponikve. The amount of DNA damage in cells was estimated from three different parameters: comet tail length as the extent of genetic material migration, tail intensity (% DNA in the comet tail) and tail moment. The results indicate the loss of genome integrity in blood cells of mosquitofish inhabiting Lake Njivice and the genotoxicity of this aquatic environment. Using the same assay, acute genotoxicity of contaminated water and sediment was evaluated and confirmed on fish, mouse and human blood cells treated ex vivo. Results of the present study indicate that the alkaline comet assay applied to fish blood cells is a valuable tool for determining the potential genotoxicity of water pollutants and confirm its usefulness in the evaluation of DNA damage in fish living in Al-polluted waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivancica Ternjej
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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