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Zhang T, Li T, Huang S, Zhang H, Xu X, Zheng H, Zhong Q, Gao Y, Wang T, Zhu Y, Liu H, Shen Y. Neural correlates of impaired learning and recognition of novel faces in mild cognitive impairment. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 160:28-37. [PMID: 38368702 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Face memory impairment significantly affects social interactions and daily functioning in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). While deficits in recognizing familiar faces among individuals with MCI have been reported, their ability to learn and recognize unfamiliar faces remains unclear. This study examined the behavioral performance and event-related potentials (ERPs) of unfamiliar face memorization and recognition in MCI. METHODS Fifteen individuals with MCI and 15 healthy controls learned and recognized 90 unfamiliar neutral faces. Their performance accuracy and cortical ERPs were compared between the two groups across the learning and recognition phases. RESULTS Individuals with MCI had lower accuracy in identifying newly learned faces than healthy controls. Moreover, individuals with MCI had reduced occipitotemporal N170 and central vertex positive potential responses during both the learning and recognition phases, suggesting impaired initial face processing and attentional resources allocation. Also, individuals with MCI had reduced central N200 and frontal P300 responses during the recognition phase, suggesting impaired later-stage face recognition and attention engagement. CONCLUSION These findings provide neurobehavioral evidence for impaired learning and recognition of unfamiliar faces in individuals with MCI. SIGNIFICANCE Individuals with MCI may have face memory deficits in both early-stage face processing and later-stage recognition .
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tingni Li
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sisi Huang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hangbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychology, Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Xingjun Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Yaxin Gao
- Rehabilitation Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Hanjun Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ying Shen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Yan X, Volfart A, Rossion B. A neural marker of the human face identity familiarity effect. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16294. [PMID: 37770466 PMCID: PMC10539293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adults associate different views of an identity much better for familiar than for unfamiliar faces. However, a robust and consistent neural index of this behavioral face identity familiarity effect (FIFE)-not found in non-human primate species-is lacking. Here we provide such a neural FIFE index, measured implicitly and with one fixation per face. Fourteen participants viewed 70 s stimulation sequences of a large set (n = 40) of widely variable natural images of a face identity at a rate of 6 images/second (6 Hz). Different face identities appeared every 5th image (1.2 Hz). In a sequence, face images were either familiar (i.e., famous) or unfamiliar, participants performing a non-periodic task unrelated to face recognition. The face identity recognition response identified at 1.2 Hz over occipital-temporal regions in the frequency-domain electroencephalogram was 3.4 times larger for familiar than unfamiliar faces. The neural response to familiar faces-which emerged at about 180 ms following face onset-was significant in each individual but a case of prosopdysgnosia. Besides potential clinical and forensic applications to implicitly measure one's knowledge of a face identity, these findings open new perspectives to clarify the neurofunctional source of the FIFE and understand the nature of human face identity recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yan
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54000, Nancy, France
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Angélique Volfart
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54000, Nancy, France
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54000, Nancy, France.
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, 54000, Nancy, France.
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Abstract
Playing a musical instrument engages numerous cognitive abilities, including sensory perception, selective attention, and short-term memory. Mounting evidence indicates that engaging these cognitive functions during musical training will improve performance of these same functions. Yet, it remains unclear the extent these benefits may extend to nonmusical tasks, and what neural mechanisms may enable such transfer. Here, we conducted a preregistered randomized clinical trial where nonmusicians underwent 8 wk of either digital musical rhythm training or word search as control. Only musical rhythm training placed demands on short-term memory, as well as demands on visual perception and selective attention, which are known to facilitate short-term memory. As hypothesized, only the rhythm training group exhibited improved short-term memory on a face recognition task, thereby providing important evidence that musical rhythm training can benefit performance on a nonmusical task. Analysis of electroencephalography data showed that neural activity associated with sensory processing and selective attention were unchanged by training. Rather, rhythm training facilitated neural activity associated with short-term memory encoding, as indexed by an increased P3 of the event-related potential to face stimuli. Moreover, short-term memory maintenance was enhanced, as evidenced by increased two-class (face/scene) decoding accuracy. Activity from both the encoding and maintenance periods each highlight the right superior parietal lobule (SPL) as a source for training-related changes. Together, these results suggest musical rhythm training may improve memory for faces by facilitating activity within the SPL to promote how memories are encoded and maintained, which can be used in a domain-general manner to enhance performance on a nonmusical task.
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Wang X, Han S. Processing of facial expressions of same-race and other-race faces: distinct and shared neural underpinnings. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:576-592. [PMID: 33624818 PMCID: PMC8138088 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
People understand others’ emotions quickly from their facial expressions. However, facial expressions of ingroup and outgroup members may signal different social information and thus be mediated by distinct neural activities. We investigated whether there are distinct neuronal responses to fearful and happy expressions of same-race (SR) and other-race (OR) faces. We recorded electroencephalogram from Chinese adults when viewing an adaptor face (with fearful/neutral expressions in Experiment 1 but happy/neutral expressions in Experiment 2) and a target face (with fearful expressions in Experiment 1 but happy expressions in Experiment 2) presented in rapid succession. We found that both fearful and happy (vs neutral) adaptor faces increased the amplitude of a frontocentral positivity (P2). However, a fearful but not happy (vs neutral) adaptor face decreased the P2 amplitudes to target faces, and this repetition suppression (RS) effect occurred when adaptor and target faces were of the same race but not when of different races. RS was observed on two late parietal/central positive activities to fearful/happy target faces, which, however, occurred regardless of whether adaptor and target faces were of the same or different races. Our findings suggest that early affective processing of fearful expressions may engage distinct neural activities for SR and OR faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Shihui Han
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
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Caharel S, Rossion B. The N170 is Sensitive to Long-term (Personal) Familiarity of a Face Identity. Neuroscience 2021; 458:244-255. [PMID: 33460730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The N170 is a large deflection of the human electroencephalogram (EEG), peaking at about 170 milliseconds over the occipito-temporal cortex after the sudden onset of a face stimulus. The N170 reflects perceptual awareness of a face and its onset corresponds to the emergence of reliable face-selectivity in the human brain. However, whether sensitivity to the long-term familiarity of a face identity emerges already at this early time-point remains debated. Here we provide a brief survey of the 45 published studies comparing the N170 response to unfamiliar and familiar (famous, experimentally familiarized, personally familiar and own) faces. Even though effects of familiarity on the N170 are relatively small and inconsistent across studies, this overview indicates that face familiarity significantly increases the N170 amplitude. This effect is especially present for personally familiar faces, learned in natural conditions. In the human brain, effects linked to familiarity with specific facial identities therefore appear to emerge between 150 and 200 ms in occipito-temporal brain regions, i.e., shortly after the onset of face-selectivity but at the same time as the earliest high-level effects of immediate unfamiliar face identity repetition. This observation challenges standard neurocognitive models with a clear-cut distinction between perceptual and memory stages in human face recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Caharel
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Lorrain de Psychologie et Neurosciences (2LPN - EA 7489), Nancy F-54000, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris F-75000, France
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France; CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, F-54000, France.
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Yan X, Rossion B. A robust neural familiar face recognition response in a dynamic (periodic) stream of unfamiliar faces. Cortex 2020; 132:281-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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7
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Recognition of emotional facial expressions in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Adolesc 2020; 82:1-10. [PMID: 32442797 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with impaired social competencies, due in part to an inability to determine emotional states through facial expressions. Social interactions are a critical component of adolescence, which raises the question of how do adolescents with ADHD cope with this impairment. Yet, previous reviews do not distinguish between children and adolescents. This review focuses on the ability of adolescents (defined by the World Health Organization as 10-19 years old) with ADHD to recognize emotional facial expressions, when compared to their typically-developing peers. METHODS Comprehensive database search and analysis yielded 9 relevant studies published between 2008 and 2018. RESULTS The studies reviewed here examined recognition of emotional facial expressions in adolescents with ADHD. Behavioral measures (reaction time, reaction time variance and recognition accuracy) show no statistically significant differences between adolescents with ADHD and their typically-developing peers. However, neural responses as recorded using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) or Event Related Potentials (ERP) find differences in brain activity and the temporal evolution of the reaction between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Studies of children and of adults with ADHD find deficiencies in the recognition of emotional facial expressions. However, this review shows that adolescents with ADHD perform comparably to their peers on accuracy and rate, although their neural processing is different. This suggests that the methodologies employed by the ADHD and typically-developing adolescents to asses facial expressions are different. Further study is needed to determine what these may be.
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Kaminska OK, Magnuski M, Olszanowski M, Gola M, Brzezicka A, Winkielman P. Ambiguous at the second sight: Mixed facial expressions trigger late electrophysiological responses linked to lower social impressions. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 20:441-454. [PMID: 32166625 PMCID: PMC7105445 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-020-00778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions require quick perception, interpretation, and categorization of faces, with facial features offering cues to emotions, intentions, and traits. Importantly, reactions to faces depend not only on their features but also on their processing fluency, with disfluent faces suffering social devaluation. The current research used electrophysiological (EEG) and behavioral measures to explore at what processing stage and under what conditions emotional ambiguity is detected in the brain and how it influences trustworthiness judgments. Participants viewed male and female faces ranging from pure anger, through mixed expressions, to pure happiness. They categorized each face along the experimental dimension (happy vs. angry) or a control dimension (gender). In the emotion-categorization condition, mixed (ambiguous) expressions were classified relatively slower, and their trustworthiness was rated relatively lower. EEG analyses revealed that early brain responses are independent of the categorization condition, with pure faces evoking larger P1/N1 responses than mixed expressions. Some late (728- 880 ms) brain responses from central-parietal sites also were independent of the categorization condition and presumably reflect familiarity of the emotion categories, with pure expressions evoking larger central-parietal LPP amplitude than mixed expressions. Interestingly, other late responses were sensitive to both expressive features and categorization task, with ambiguous faces evoking a larger LPP amplitude in frontal-medial sites around 560-660 ms but only in the emotion categorization task. Critically, these late responses from the frontal-medial cluster correlated with the reduction in trustworthiness judgments. Overall, the results suggest that ambiguity detection involves late, top-down processes and that it influences important social impressions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mateusz Gola
- Institute for Neural Computation, Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Brzezicka
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Piotr Winkielman
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
- Psychology Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Valt C, Huber D, Stürmer B. Treatment-related changes towards normalization of the abnormal external signal processing in panic disorder. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227673. [PMID: 31986163 PMCID: PMC6984717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the scientific consensus on the efficacy of psychotherapy for the treatment of psychological disorders, the evidence of treatment-related changes towards normalization of abnormal brain functions in patients is mixed. In the present experiment, we investigated whether treatment can affect early information processing, by testing abnormal event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by internal and external signals in panic disorder. Sixteen patients with panic disorder and comorbid personality disorder and sixteen control participants performed a response-choice task and a passive viewing task in two testing sessions, separated by around 14 months. During this period, patients received psychological treatment. In agreement with previous studies of performance monitoring, the abnormal amplitude of the Ne/ERN–an index of error processing based on internal signals—did not change between the first and second testing session. However, treatment-related changes were evident for the abnormal vertex positive potential (VPP) evoked by external signals in the response-choice task and the passive viewing task. In patients, the VPP was smaller in the second session compared to the first session, whereas no significant changes occurred in controls. This result supplies evidence of treatment-related changes towards normalization in the early information processing of external visual stimuli in panic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Valt
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Dorothea Huber
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Stürmer
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Fan B, Ding H, Jin J, Zhao M, Ma Q. Does the beauty premium effect always exist? - an ERP study of the facial attractiveness stereotype in public's attitudes toward in-Service Chinese civil servant. Int J Neurosci 2019; 129:1213-1222. [PMID: 31399004 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1655012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Civil servants image is one of the most important representatives of government image. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the factors affecting the public's attitudes toward in-service civil servants. The current study aims to learn whether female facial attractiveness would affect the male public's attitudes toward in-service civil servants using event-related potentials. Methods: Participants were recruited to view attractive/unattractive faces followed by positive/negative adjectives. We observed that positive adjectives after unattractive faces elicited smaller N400 amplitudes than negative adjectives, and the N400 amplitude elicited by attractive faces after negative adjectives was significantly smaller than that elicited by unattractive faces. What's more, we found that the voltage of N400 was negative correlated with reaction time. Results: It showed that the incongruity of physically appearance and in-service civil servant positions lead to longer reaction time. The unattractive civil servant is more congruent with positive adjectives than the attractive one in the public's mind. Conclusion: We explain these findings from two aspects. First, the public is more rational for in-service civil servants, and factors that are unrelated to governing capacity, such as physical attractiveness, do not influence their attitudes. Second, civil servants are the position that requires technical ability to serve the public rather than communication ability, which was represented by physically attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonai Fan
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China.,Zhejiang Research Base for China's Non-public Economic Personages, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Business School, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University , Ningbo , China
| | - Hao Ding
- Business School, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University , Ningbo , China
| | - Jia Jin
- Business School, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University , Ningbo , China
| | - Menglin Zhao
- Business School, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University , Ningbo , China
| | - Qingguo Ma
- Business School, Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University , Ningbo , China.,School of Management, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
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Fang J, Wang S, Liu J, Gong J. Early ERP components to emotional facial expressions in young adult victims of childhood maltreatment. Psychiatry Res 2019; 275:120-128. [PMID: 30901670 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to appropriately recognize the facial expression of emotions is essential for the development of adaptive functioning. Studies suggest that maltreated children are hypersensitive to expression of anger. However, the neural mechanism of emotional face processing in young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment has yet to be explored. To explore whether the history of childhood maltreatment has a potential relationship with processing of emotional facial expressions, the present study used event-related potentials in investigating the early ERP components (P100 and N170) to the processing of emotional (angry, fearful, disgusted, and happy) faces in young adult victims of childhood maltreatment. Seventeen young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment and seventeen age and gender-matched non-maltreated participants performed a modified dot-probe task, using emotional faces paired with neutral faces. Results revealed no significant differences between maltreated group and non-maltreated group in P100 amplitude, but the N170 amplitude in the maltreated group was larger than non-maltreated group when processing angry, fearful, and happy faces. As such, this study provides biological evidence of altered neural processing of emotional facial expressions in young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Suhong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingbo Gong
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; The Diagnosis of Chinese Medicine of the Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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Schendan HE. Memory influences visual cognition across multiple functional states of interactive cortical dynamics. PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.plm.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Breton A, Ligneul R, Jerbi K, George N, Baudouin JY, Van der Henst JB. How occupational status influences the processing of faces: An EEG study. Neuropsychologia 2018; 122:125-135. [PMID: 30244000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the influence of social hierarchy on the neural electrophysiological responses to faces. In contrast with earlier EEG studies that typically manipulate social rank through competitive situations, we implemented hierarchy through occupational status and thus contrasted faces associated with high- vs. low-status (e.g. lawyer vs. waiter). Since social hierarchies are largely intertwined with gender, both female and male faces were used as stimuli, and both female and male participants were tested. The procedure consisted in presenting a status label before the face it was associated with. The analyses focused mainly on two components that have been shown to be modulated by competitive hierarchies and other social contexts, namely the N170 and the Late Positive Potential (LPP). The results indicated that gender, but not status, modulated the N170 amplitude. Moreover, high-status faces elicited larger LPP amplitude than low-status faces but this difference was driven by female participants. This gender effect is discussed in line with research showing that women and men are sensitive to different kinds of hierarchy. Methodological differences are considered to account for the discrepancy between studies that find an effect of hierarchy on the N170 and those that do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Breton
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod (UMR 5304), CNRS-Université Lyon 1, France.
| | - Romain Ligneul
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Program, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod (UMR 5229), CNRS-Université Lyon 1, France.
| | - Karim Jerbi
- CoCo Lab, Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; MEG Unit, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie George
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Social and Affective Neuroscience (SAN) Laboratory and Centre MEG-EEG, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Baudouin
- Laboratoire Développement, Individu, Processus, Handicap, Éducation (DIPHE), Département Psychologie du Développement, de l'Éducation et des Vulnérabilités (PsyDÉV), Institut de psychologie, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Bron, France
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ERP Source Analysis Guided by fMRI During Familiar Face Processing. Brain Topogr 2018; 32:720-740. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-018-0619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Ramon M, Gobbini MI. Familiarity matters: A review on prioritized processing of personally familiar faces. VISUAL COGNITION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2017.1405134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meike Ramon
- Department of Psychology, Visual and Social Neuroscience, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ida Gobbini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale (DIMES), Medical School, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA
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Jiang L, Wang Y, Cai B, Wang Y, Wang Y. Spatial-Temporal Feature Analysis on Single-Trial Event Related Potential for Rapid Face Identification. Front Comput Neurosci 2017; 11:106. [PMID: 29230171 PMCID: PMC5711855 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2017.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The event-related potential (ERP) is the brain response measured in electroencephalography (EEG), which reflects the process of human cognitive activity. ERP has been introduced into brain computer interfaces (BCIs) to communicate the computer with the subject's intention. Due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of EEG, most ERP studies are based on grand-averaging over many trials. Recently single-trial ERP detection attracts more attention, which enables real time processing tasks as rapid face identification. All the targets needed to be retrieved may appear only once, and there is no knowledge of target label for averaging. More interestingly, how the features contribute temporally and spatially to single-trial ERP detection has not been fully investigated. In this paper, we propose to implement a local-learning-based (LLB) feature extraction method to investigate the importance of spatial-temporal components of ERP in a task of rapid face identification using single-trial detection. Comparing to previous methods, LLB method preserves the nonlinear structure of EEG signal distribution, and analyze the importance of original spatial-temporal components via optimization in feature space. As a data-driven methods, the weighting of the spatial-temporal component does not depend on the ERP detection method. The importance weights are optimized by making the targets more different from non-targets in feature space, and regularization penalty is introduced in optimization for sparse weights. This spatial-temporal feature extraction method is evaluated on the EEG data of 15 participants in performing a face identification task using rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. Comparing with other methods, the proposed spatial-temporal analysis method uses sparser (only 10% of the total) features, and could achieve comparable performance (98%) of single-trial ERP detection as the whole features across different detection methods. The interesting finding is that the N250 is the earliest temporal component that contributes to single-trial ERP detection in face identification. And the importance of N250 components is more laterally distributed toward the left hemisphere. We show that using only the left N250 component over-performs the right N250 in the face identification task using single-trial ERP detection. The finding is also important in building a fast and efficient (fewer electrodes) BCI system for rapid face identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bangyu Cai
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biology Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Kanunikov IE, Pavlova VI. Event-Related Potentials to Faces Presented in an Emotional Context. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-017-0498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Ding R, Li P, Wang W, Luo W. Emotion Processing by ERP Combined with Development and Plasticity. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5282670. [PMID: 28831313 PMCID: PMC5555003 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5282670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotions important for survival and social interaction have received wide and deep investigations. The application of the fMRI technique into emotion processing has obtained overwhelming achievements with respect to the localization of emotion processes. The ERP method, which possesses highly temporal resolution compared to fMRI, can be employed to investigate the time course of emotion processing. The emotional modulation of the ERP component has been verified across numerous researches. Emotions, described as dynamically developing along with the growing age, have the possibility to be enhanced through learning (or training) or to be damaged due to disturbances in growth, which is underlain by the neural plasticity of emotion-relevant nervous systems. And mood disorders with typical symptoms of emotion discordance probably have been caused by the dysfunctional neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Ping Li
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
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Lu L, Zhang C, Li L. Mental imagery of face enhances face-sensitive event-related potentials to ambiguous visual stimuli. Biol Psychol 2017; 129:16-24. [PMID: 28743457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Visual mental imagery forms mental representations of visual objects when correspondent stimuli are absent and shares some characters with visual perception. Both the vertex-positive-potential (VPP) and N170 components of event-related potentials (ERPs) to visual stimuli have a remarkable preference to faces. This study investigated whether visual mental imagery modulates the face-sensitive VPP and/or N170 components. The results showed that with significantly larger amplitudes under the face-imagery condition than the house-imagery condition, the VPP and P2 responses, but not the N170 component, were elicited by phase-randomized ambiguous stimuli. Thus, the brain substrates underlying VPP are not completely identical to those underlying N170, and the VPP/P2 manifestation of the category selectivity in imagery probably reflects an integration of top-down mental imagery signals (from the prefrontal cortex) and bottom-up perception signals (from the early visual cortex) in the occipito-temporal cortex where VPP and P2 originate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Lu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Changxin Zhang
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
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20
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Itier RJ, Neath-Tavares KN. Effects of task demands on the early neural processing of fearful and happy facial expressions. Brain Res 2017; 1663:38-50. [PMID: 28315309 PMCID: PMC5756067 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Task demands shape how we process environmental stimuli but their impact on the early neural processing of facial expressions remains unclear. In a within-subject design, ERPs were recorded to the same fearful, happy and neutral facial expressions presented during a gender discrimination, an explicit emotion discrimination and an oddball detection tasks, the most studied tasks in the field. Using an eye tracker, fixation on the face nose was enforced using a gaze-contingent presentation. Task demands modulated amplitudes from 200 to 350ms at occipito-temporal sites spanning the EPN component. Amplitudes were more negative for fearful than neutral expressions starting on N170 from 150 to 350ms, with a temporo-occipital distribution, whereas no clear effect of happy expressions was seen. Task and emotion effects never interacted in any time window or for the ERP components analyzed (P1, N170, EPN). Thus, whether emotion is explicitly discriminated or irrelevant for the task at hand, neural correlates of fearful and happy facial expressions seem immune to these task demands during the first 350ms of visual processing.
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Jin J, Fan B, Dai S, Ma Q. Beauty premium: Event-related potentials evidence of how physical attractiveness matters in online peer-to-peer lending. Neurosci Lett 2017; 640:130-135. [PMID: 28111351 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well known that attractiveness-based impressions affect the labor market, election outcomes and many other social activities, little is known about the role physical attractiveness plays in financial transactions. With the development of online finance, peer-to-peer lending has become one of the most important ways in which businesses or individuals raise capital. However, because of information asymmetry, the lender must decide whether or not to lend money to a stranger based on limited information, resulting in their decision being influenced by many other factors. In the current study, we investigated how potential borrowers' facial attractiveness influenced lenders' attitudes toward borrowers' repayment behavior at the brain level by using event-related potentials. At the priming stage, photos of attractive borrowers induced smaller N200 amplitude than photos of unattractive borrowers. Meanwhile, at the feedback stage, compared with the condition of repaying on time, breach of repayment from unattractive borrowers induced larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitude, which was a frontal-central negative deflection and would be enhanced by the unexpected outcome. Furthermore, smaller P300 amplitude was also elicited by the condition of not repaying on time. These differences in the FRN and P300 amplitudes were not observed between negative and positive feedback from attractive borrowers. Therefore, our findings suggest that the beauty premium phenomenon is present in online peer-to-peer lending and that lenders were more tolerant toward attractive borrowers' dishonest behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jin
- Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bonai Fan
- Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenyi Dai
- College of Economics and Management, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingguo Ma
- Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Academy of Neuroeconomics and Neuromanagement at Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Neural Management Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Morioka S, Osumi M, Shiotani M, Nobusako S, Maeoka H, Okada Y, Hiyamizu M, Matsuo A. Incongruence between Verbal and Non-Verbal Information Enhances the Late Positive Potential. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164633. [PMID: 27736931 PMCID: PMC5063471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth social communication consists of both verbal and non-verbal information. However, when presented with incongruence between verbal information and nonverbal information, the relationship between an individual judging trustworthiness in those who present the verbal-nonverbal incongruence and the brain activities observed during judgment for trustworthiness are not clear. In the present study, we attempted to identify the impact of incongruencies between verbal information and facial expression on the value of trustworthiness and brain activity using event-related potentials (ERP). Combinations of verbal information [positive/negative] and facial expressions [smile/angry] expressions were presented randomly on a computer screen to 17 healthy volunteers. The value of trustworthiness of the presented facial expression was evaluated by the amount of donation offered by the observer to the person depicted on the computer screen. In addition, the time required to judge the value of trustworthiness was recorded for each trial. Using electroencephalography, ERP were obtained by averaging the wave patterns recorded while the participants judged the value of trustworthiness. The amount of donation offered was significantly lower when the verbal information and facial expression were incongruent, particularly for [negative × smile]. The amplitude of the early posterior negativity (EPN) at the temporal lobe showed no significant difference between all conditions. However, the amplitude of the late positive potential (LPP) at the parietal electrodes for the incongruent condition [negative × smile] was higher than that for the congruent condition [positive × smile]. These results suggest that the LPP amplitude observed from the parietal cortex is involved in the processing of incongruence between verbal information and facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Mayu Shiotani
- Department of Rehabilitation, Higashisumiyoshi Morimoto Hospital, 3-2-66 Takaai, Higashisumiyoshi, Osaka-city, Osaka, 546-0014, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maeoka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Makoto Hiyamizu
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuo
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
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Berchio C, Rihs TA, Piguet C, Dayer AG, Aubry JM, Michel CM. Early averted gaze processing in the right Fusiform Gyrus: An EEG source imaging study. Biol Psychol 2016; 119:156-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Wierzchoń M, Wronka E, Paulewicz B, Szczepanowski R. Post-Decision Wagering Affects Metacognitive Awareness of Emotional Stimuli: An Event Related Potential Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159516. [PMID: 27490816 PMCID: PMC4973871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research investigated metacognitive awareness of emotional stimuli and its psychophysiological correlates. We used a backward masking task presenting participants with fearful or neutral faces. We asked participants for face discrimination and then probed their metacognitive awareness with confidence rating (CR) and post-decision wagering (PDW) scales. We also analysed psychophysiological correlates of awareness with event-related potential (ERP) components: P1, N170, early posterior negativity (EPN), and P3. We have not observed any differences between PDW and CR conditions in the emotion identification task. However, the "aware" ratings were associated with increased accuracy performance. This effect was more pronounced in PDW, especially for fearful faces, suggesting that emotional stimuli awareness may be enhanced by monetary incentives. EEG analysis showed larger N170, EPN and P3 amplitudes in aware compared to unaware trials. It also appeared that both EPN and P3 ERP components were more pronounced in the PDW condition, especially when emotional faces were presented. Taken together, our ERP findings suggest that metacognitive awareness of emotional stimuli depends on the effectiveness of both early and late visual information processing. Our study also indicates that awareness of emotional stimuli can be enhanced by the motivation induced by wagering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Wierzchoń
- Consciousness Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Eligiusz Wronka
- Psychophysiology Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Borysław Paulewicz
- SWPS University of Social Science and Humanities, Faculty in Katowice, Poland
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25
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Neath-Tavares KN, Itier RJ. Neural processing of fearful and happy facial expressions during emotion-relevant and emotion-irrelevant tasks: A fixation-to-feature approach. Biol Psychol 2016; 119:122-40. [PMID: 27430934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests an important role of the eyes and mouth for discriminating facial expressions of emotion. A gaze-contingent procedure was used to test the impact of fixation to facial features on the neural response to fearful, happy and neutral facial expressions in an emotion discrimination (Exp.1) and an oddball detection (Exp.2) task. The N170 was the only eye-sensitive ERP component, and this sensitivity did not vary across facial expressions. In both tasks, compared to neutral faces, responses to happy expressions were seen as early as 100-120ms occipitally, while responses to fearful expressions started around 150ms, on or after the N170, at both occipital and lateral-posterior sites. Analyses of scalp topographies revealed different distributions of these two emotion effects across most of the epoch. Emotion processing interacted with fixation location at different times between tasks. Results suggest a role of both the eyes and mouth in the neural processing of fearful expressions and of the mouth in the processing of happy expressions, before 350ms.
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26
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Cacioppo S, Weiss RM, Cacioppo JT. Dynamic spatiotemporal brain analyses of the visual checkerboard task: Similarities and differences between passive and active viewing conditions. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:1496-506. [PMID: 27393016 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a new analytic technique for the microsegmentation of high-density EEG to identify the discrete brain microstates evoked by the visual reversal checkerboard task. To test the sensitivity of the present analytic approach to differences in evoked brain microstates across experimental conditions, subjects were instructed to (a) passively view the reversals of the checkerboard (passive viewing condition), or (b) actively search for a target stimulus that may appear at the fixation point, and they were offered a monetary reward if they correctly detected the stimulus (active viewing condition). Results revealed that, within the first 168 ms of a checkerboard presentation, the same four brain microstates were evoked in the passive and active viewing conditions, whereas the brain microstates evoked after 168 ms differed between these two conditions, with more brain microstates elicited in the active than in the passive viewing condition. Additionally, distinctions were found in the active condition between a change in a scalp configuration that reflects a change in microstate and a change in scalp configuration that reflects a change in the level of activation of the same microstate. Finally, the bootstrapping procedure identified that two microstates lacked robustness even though statistical significance thresholds were met, suggesting these microstates should be replicated prior to placing weight on their generalizability across individuals. These results illustrate the utility of the analytic approach and provide new information about the spatiotemporal dynamics of the brain states underlying passive and active viewing in the visual checkerboard task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cacioppo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, and High-Performance Electrical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago Prtizker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Robin M Weiss
- Research Computing Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John T Cacioppo
- Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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27
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Pollux P. Improved categorization of subtle facial expressions modulates Late Positive Potential. Neuroscience 2016; 322:152-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Liu T, Xiao T, Shi J. Automatic Change Detection to Facial Expressions in Adolescents: Evidence from Visual Mismatch Negativity Responses. Front Psychol 2016; 7:462. [PMID: 27065927 PMCID: PMC4811878 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for the neurodevelopment of social-emotional processing, wherein the automatic detection of changes in facial expressions is crucial for the development of interpersonal communication. Two groups of participants (an adolescent group and an adult group) were recruited to complete an emotional oddball task featuring on happy and one fearful condition. The measurement of event-related potential was carried out via electroencephalography and electrooculography recording, to detect visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) with regard to the automatic detection of changes in facial expressions between the two age groups. The current findings demonstrated that the adolescent group featured more negative vMMN amplitudes than the adult group in the fronto-central region during the 120–200 ms interval. During the time window of 370–450 ms, only the adult group showed better automatic processing on fearful faces than happy faces. The present study indicated that adolescent’s posses stronger automatic detection of changes in emotional expression relative to adults, and sheds light on the neurodevelopment of automatic processes concerning social-emotional information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- Natural Language Processing Laboratory, College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University Liaoning, China
| | - Jiannong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
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29
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On dissociating the neural time course of the processing of positive emotions. Neuropsychologia 2016; 83:123-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Wu H, Luo L, Dai J, Yang S, Wang N, Luo YJ. Event-Related Potential Responses to Beloved and Familiar Faces in Different Marriage Styles: Evidence from Mosuo Subjects. Front Psychol 2016; 7:159. [PMID: 26925002 PMCID: PMC4756119 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on familiar face recognition has largely focused on the neural correlates of recognizing a beloved partner or family member. However, no research has explored the effect of marriage style on the recognition of a beloved partner's face, especially in matriarchal societies. Here, we examined the time course of event-related potentials (ERP) in response to the face of a beloved partner, sibling, or unknown person in a sample of individuals from the matriarchal Mosuo tribe. Two groups were assessed: intermarriage and walking marriage groups (i.e., couples in a committed relationship who do not cohabitate during the daytime). In agreement with previous reports, ERP results revealed more positive VPP, N250, and P300 waveforms for beloved faces than sibling faces in both groups. Moreover, P300 was more positive for beloved partner versus sibling faces; however, this difference emerged at fronto-central sites for the walking marriage group and at posterior sites for the intermarriage group. Overall, we observed that marriage style affects the later stage processing of a beloved partner's face, and this may be associated with greater affective arousal and familiarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Li Luo
- School of Education, Guangzhou University Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Dai
- School of Education, Guangzhou University Guangzhou, China
| | - Suyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai, China
| | - Naiyi Wang
- Institute of Educational Psychology and School Counselling, Beijing Normal University Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, China; Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhen, China
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31
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Maher S, Mashhoon Y, Ekstrom T, Lukas S, Chen Y. Deficient cortical face-sensitive N170 responses and basic visual processing in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2016; 170:87-94. [PMID: 26690888 PMCID: PMC4707115 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Face detection, an ability to identify a visual stimulus as a face, is impaired in patients with schizophrenia. It is unclear whether impaired face processing in this psychiatric disorder results from face-specific domains or stems from more basic visual domains. In this study, we examined cortical face-sensitive N170 response in schizophrenia, taking into account deficient basic visual contrast processing. METHODS We equalized visual contrast signals among patients (n=20) and controls (n=20) and between face and tree images, based on their individual perceptual capacities (determined using psychophysical methods). We measured N170, a putative temporal marker of face processing, during face detection and tree detection. RESULTS In controls, N170 amplitudes were significantly greater for faces than trees across all three visual contrast levels tested (perceptual threshold, two times perceptual threshold and 100%). In patients, however, N170 amplitudes did not differ between faces and trees, indicating diminished face selectivity (indexed by the differential responses to face vs. tree). CONCLUSION These results indicate a lack of face-selectivity in temporal responses of brain machinery putatively responsible for face processing in schizophrenia. This neuroimaging finding suggests that face-specific processing is compromised in this psychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Y Chen
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States.
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32
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Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in males than females. An underrepresentation of females in the ASD literature has led to limited knowledge of differences in social function across the sexes. Investigations of face perception represent a promising target for understanding variability in social functioning between males and females. The current study analyzed electrophysiological brain recordings during face perception to investigate sex differences in the neural correlates of face perception and their relationship to social function. Event related potentials (ERP) were recorded from children with ASD while viewing faces, inverted faces, and houses. Relative to males, females showed attenuated response at an ERP marker of face perception, the N170. Among females, but not males, atypical face response was associated with symptom severity. Observed sex differences reflect influential differences in social information processing, and impairment in these features correlates with deficits in social information processing in females, but not males, with ASD. These findings hold significance for future treatment protocols, which should account for differences in males and females with ASD in clinical presentation and neural phenotypes.
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Alonso-Prieto E, Pancaroglu R, Dalrymple KA, Handy T, Barton JJS, Oruc I. Temporal dynamics of the face familiarity effect: bootstrap analysis of single-subject event-related potential data. Cogn Neuropsychol 2015; 32:266-82. [DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2015.1053852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yamada E, Ogata K, Kishimoto J, Tanaka M, Urakawa T, Yamasaki T, Tobimatsu S. Neural substrates of species-dependent visual processing of faces: use of morphed faces. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/5/e12387. [PMID: 25975645 PMCID: PMC4463821 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Face identification and categorization are essential for social communication. The N170 event-related potential (ERP) is considered to be a biomarker of face perception. To elucidate the neural basis of species-dependent face processing, we recorded 128-ch high-density ERPs in 14 healthy adults while they viewed the images of morphed faces. The morphed stimuli contained different proportions of human and monkey faces, and the species boundary was shifted away from the center of the morph continuum. Three experiments were performed to determine how task requirement, facial orientation, and spatial frequency (SF) of visual stimuli affected ERPs. In an equal SF condition, the latency, and amplitude of the occipital P100 for upright faces were modulated in a monotonic-like fashion by the level of morphing. In contrast, the N170 latency for upright faces was modulated in a step-like fashion, showing a flexion point that may reflect species discrimination. Although N170 amplitudes for upright faces were not modulated by morph level, they were modulated in a monotonic-like fashion by inverted faces. The late positive (LP) component (350–550 msec) in the parietal region was modulated in a U-shaped function by morph level during a categorization task, but not in a simple reaction task. These results suggest that P100 reflects changes in the physical properties of faces and that N170 is involved in own-species selectivity. The LP component seems to represent species categorization that occurs 350 msec after stimulus onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Yamada
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mutsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Urakawa
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ruz M, Aranda C, Sarmiento BR, Sanabria D. Attention to individual identities modulates face processing. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:1491-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cecchini M, Iannoni ME, Pandolfo AL, Aceto P, Lai C. Attachment style dimensions are associated with brain activity in response to gaze interaction. Soc Neurosci 2015; 10:282-93. [DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2014.998344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kashihara K. A brain-computer interface for potential non-verbal facial communication based on EEG signals related to specific emotions. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:244. [PMID: 25206321 PMCID: PMC4144423 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike assistive technology for verbal communication, the brain-machine or brain-computer interface (BMI/BCI) has not been established as a non-verbal communication tool for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Face-to-face communication enables access to rich emotional information, but individuals suffering from neurological disorders, such as ALS and autism, may not express their emotions or communicate their negative feelings. Although emotions may be inferred by looking at facial expressions, emotional prediction for neutral faces necessitates advanced judgment. The process that underlies brain neuronal responses to neutral faces and causes emotional changes remains unknown. To address this problem, therefore, this study attempted to decode conditioned emotional reactions to neutral face stimuli. This direction was motivated by the assumption that if electroencephalogram (EEG) signals can be used to detect patients' emotional responses to specific inexpressive faces, the results could be incorporated into the design and development of BMI/BCI-based non-verbal communication tools. To these ends, this study investigated how a neutral face associated with a negative emotion modulates rapid central responses in face processing and then identified cortical activities. The conditioned neutral face-triggered event-related potentials that originated from the posterior temporal lobe statistically significantly changed during late face processing (600–700 ms) after stimulus, rather than in early face processing activities, such as P1 and N170 responses. Source localization revealed that the conditioned neutral faces increased activity in the right fusiform gyrus (FG). This study also developed an efficient method for detecting implicit negative emotional responses to specific faces by using EEG signals. A classification method based on a support vector machine enables the easy classification of neutral faces that trigger specific individual emotions. In accordance with this classification, a face on a computer morphs into a sad or displeased countenance. The proposed method could be incorporated as a part of non-verbal communication tools to enable emotional expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kashihara
- Information Solution, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Tokushima, Japan
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Breton A, Jerbi K, Henaff MA, Cheylus A, Baudouin JY, Schmitz C, Krolak-Salmon P, Van der Henst JB. Face the hierarchy: ERP and oscillatory brain responses in social rank processing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91451. [PMID: 24622288 PMCID: PMC3951356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of social hierarchy is a key feature that helps us navigate through our complex social environment. Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structures involved in the processing of hierarchical stimuli but the precise temporal dynamics of brain activity associated with such processing remains largely unknown. Here, we used electroencephalography to examine the effect of social hierarchy on neural responses elicited by faces. In contrast to previous studies, the key manipulation was that a hierarchical context was constructed, not by varying facial expressions, but by presenting neutral-expression faces in a game setting. Once the performance-based hierarchy was established, participants were presented with high-rank, middle-rank and low-rank player faces and had to evaluate the rank of each face with respect to their own position. Both event-related potentials and task-related oscillatory activity were investigated. Three main findings emerge from the study. First, the experimental manipulation had no effect on the early N170 component, which may suggest that hierarchy did not modulate the structural encoding of neutral-expression faces. Second, hierarchy significantly modulated the amplitude of the late positive potential (LPP) within a 400-700 ms time-window, with more a prominent LPP occurring when the participants processed the face of the highest-rank player. Third, high-rank faces were associated with the highest reduction of alpha power. Taken together these findings provide novel electrophysiological evidence for enhanced allocation of attentional resource in the presence of high-rank faces. At a broader level, this study brings new insights into the neural processing underlying social categorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Breton
- CNRS, Laboratoire Langage, Cerveau et Cognition (L2C2), Université Lyon 1, UMR 5304, Bron, France
| | - Karim Jerbi
- CNRS/INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neuroscience de Lyon (CNRL), U1028, UMR5292, Bron, France
| | - Marie-Anne Henaff
- CNRS/INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neuroscience de Lyon (CNRL), U1028, UMR5292, Bron, France
| | - Anne Cheylus
- CNRS, Laboratoire Langage, Cerveau et Cognition (L2C2), Université Lyon 1, UMR 5304, Bron, France
| | - Jean-Yves Baudouin
- CNRS, Laboratoire Langage, Cerveau et Cognition (L2C2), Université Lyon 1, UMR 5304, Bron, France
- Université de Bourgogne, Pôle AAFE, Dijon, France
| | - Christina Schmitz
- CNRS/INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neuroscience de Lyon (CNRL), U1028, UMR5292, Bron, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- CNRS/INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neuroscience de Lyon (CNRL), U1028, UMR5292, Bron, France
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Affective facial expression processing in young children who have experienced maltreatment during the first year of life: an event-related potential study. Dev Psychopathol 2014; 23:373-95. [PMID: 23786684 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579411000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study employed event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the neural correlates of facial affect processing in maltreated and nonmaltreated children at 42 months of age. ERPs elicited while children passively viewed standardized pictures of female models posing angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions were examined, and differences between maltreated (N = 46) and nonmaltreated (N = 25) children were reported. Three occipital components (P1, N170, and P400) and four frontal-central components (N150, P240, Nc, and a positive slow wave [PSW]) were identified. Findings revealed that maltreated children had greater P1 and P400 amplitude in response to angry facial affect compared to other emotions, and compared to nonmaltreated children. N170 amplitude was greater in response to happy compared to angry in the maltreated group. For the P240 component, maltreated children had greater amplitude in response to angry facial expressions relative to happy, whereas children in the nonmaltreated group had greater P240 amplitude in response to happy relative to angry facial affect. Further, the nonmaltreated group had greater PSW amplitude in response to angry facial affect, whereas those in the maltreated group showed greater PSW amplitude to happy facial expressions. The results provided further support for the hypothesis that the experience of maltreatment and the predominantly negative emotional tone in maltreating families alters the functioning of neural systems associated with the identification and processing of facial emotion. These results exemplify the importance of early preventive interventions focused on emotion for children who have experienced maltreatment early in life.
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Caharel S, Ramon M, Rossion B. Face Familiarity Decisions Take 200 msec in the Human Brain: Electrophysiological Evidence from a Go/No-go Speeded Task. J Cogn Neurosci 2014; 26:81-95. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recognizing a familiar face rapidly is a fundamental human brain function. Here we used scalp EEG to determine the minimal time needed to classify a face as personally familiar or unfamiliar. Go (familiar) and no-go (unfamiliar) responses elicited clear differential waveforms from 210 msec onward, this difference being first observed at right occipito-temporal electrode sites. Similar but delayed (by about 40 msec) responses were observed when go response were required to the unfamiliar rather than familiar faces, in a second group of participants. In both groups, a small increase of amplitude was also observed on the right hemisphere N170 face-sensitive component for familiar faces. However, unlike the post-200 msec differential go/no-go effect, this effect was unrelated to behavior and disappeared with repetition of unfamiliar faces. These observations indicate that accumulation of evidence within the first 200 msec poststimulus onset is sufficient for the human brain to decide whether a person is familiar based on his or her face, a time frame that puts strong constraints on the time course of face processing.
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Wronka E, Walentowska W. Attentional Modulation of the Emotional Expression Processing Studied with ERPs and sLORETA. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent ERP studies demonstrate that the processing of facial emotional expression can be modulated by attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neural correlates of attentional influence on the emotional expression processing at early stages. We recorded ERP responses to facial stimuli containing neutral versus emotional expression in two different conditions. The first task was to discriminate facial expressions, while the second task was to categorize face gender. Enhanced positivity at occipital and occipito-temporal locations between 110 and 170 ms poststimulus was elicited by facial stimuli presented in the expression task when compared to the gender task. This effect temporally overlapped with the P1 and N170 components, which reflect the early stages of face processing. To localize the sources of the brain activity underlying observed attentional modulation, we used Standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography. Enhanced activity within the extrastriate cortex for the expression task was obtained as the reflection of early ERP effect. Additionally, we found stronger activation within the superior temporal and the fusiform gyrus of the right hemisphere in the expression task when compared to the gender task. Our findings undoubtedly confirm that early stages of the emotional expression processing can be modified by top-down attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eligiusz Wronka
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wioleta Walentowska
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Ocklenburg S, Ness V, Güntürkün O, Suchan B, Beste C. Response inhibition is modulated by functional cerebral asymmetries for facial expression perception. Front Psychol 2013; 4:879. [PMID: 24319440 PMCID: PMC3837293 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of executive functions is critically modulated by information processing in earlier cognitive stages. For example, initial processing of verbal stimuli in the language-dominant left-hemisphere leads to more efficient response inhibition than initial processing of verbal stimuli in the non-dominant right hemisphere. However, it is unclear whether this organizational principle is specific for the language system, or a general principle that also applies to other types of lateralized cognition. To answer this question, we investigated the neurophysiological correlates of early attentional processes, facial expression perception and response inhibition during tachistoscopic presentation of facial “Go” and “Nogo” stimuli in the left and the right visual field (RVF). Participants committed fewer false alarms after Nogo-stimulus presentation in the left compared to the RVF. This right-hemispheric asymmetry on the behavioral level was also reflected in the neurophysiological correlates of face perception, specifically in a right-sided asymmetry in the N170 amplitude. Moreover, the right-hemispheric dominance for facial expression processing also affected event-related potentials typically related to response inhibition, namely the Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3. These findings show that an effect of hemispheric asymmetries in early information processing on the efficacy of higher cognitive functions is not limited to left-hemispheric language functions, but can be generalized to predominantly right-hemispheric functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany
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43
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Dai J, Zhai H, Zhou A, Gong Y, Luo L. Asymmetric correlation between experienced parental attachment and event-related potentials evoked in response to parental faces. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68795. [PMID: 23844240 PMCID: PMC3699666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the modulation effects of attachment relationships with parents on the neural correlates that are associated with parental faces. The event-related potentials elicited in 31 college students while viewing facial stimuli of their parents in two single oddball paradigms (father vs. unfamiliar male and mother vs. unfamiliar female) were measured. We found that enhanced P3a and P3b and attenuated N2b were elicited by parental faces; however, the N170 component failed to discriminate parental faces from unfamiliar faces. An experienced attachment relationship with the father was positively correlated to the P3a response associated with the father's face, whereas no correlation was found in the case of mothers. Further exploration in dipole source localization showed that, within the time window of the P300, distinctive brain regions were involved in the processing of parental faces; the father's face was located in the medial frontal gyrus, which might be involved in self effect, and the anterior cingulate gyrus was activated in response to the mother's face. This research is the first to demonstrate that neural mechanisms involved with parents can be modulated differentially by the qualities of the attachments to the parents. In addition, parental faces share a highly similar temporal pattern, but the origins of these neural responses are distinct, which could merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- Department of Psychology, Educational College of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongchang Zhai
- Department of Psychology, Educational College of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Anbang Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Educational College of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyuan Gong
- Department of Psychology, Educational College of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Psychology, Educational College of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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44
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Sun G, Li M, Yang Z, Li L, Jiang Q, Zhao L. Hyperthermia exposure impaired the early stage of face recognition: An ERP study. Int J Hyperthermia 2012; 28:605-20. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2012.720345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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45
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Nakajima K, Minami T, Nakauchi S. The face-selective N170 component is modulated by facial color. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:2499-505. [PMID: 22766440 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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The timing of individual face recognition in the brain. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:1451-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Balconi M, Pozzoli U. Encoding of Emotional Facial Expressions in Direct and Incidental Tasks: An Event-Related Potentials N200 Effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2012.677659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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48
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Kihara M, de Haan M, Were EO, Garrashi HH, Neville BGR, Newton CRJC. Cognitive deficits following exposure to pneumococcal meningitis: an event-related potential study. BMC Infect Dis 2012; 12:79. [PMID: 22462525 PMCID: PMC3347992 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is a severe and life-threatening disease that is associated with cognitive impairment including learning difficulties, cognitive slowness, short-term memory deficits and poor academic performance. There are limited data on cognitive outcomes following exposure to PM from Africa mainly due to lack of culturally appropriate tools. We report cognitive processes of exposed children as measured by auditory and visual event-related potentials. METHODS Sixty-five children (32 male, mean 8.4 years, SD 3.0 years) aged between 4-15 years with a history of PM and an age-matched control group of 93 children (46 male; mean 8.4 years, SD 2.7 years) were recruited from a well-demarcated study area in Kilifi. In the present study, both baseline to peak and peak-to-peak amplitude differences are reported. RESULTS Children with a history of pneumococcal meningitis had significantly longer auditory P1 and P3a latencies and smaller P1 amplitudes compared to unexposed children. In the visual paradigm, children with PM seemingly lacked a novelty P3a component around 350 ms where control children had a maximum, and showed a lack of stimulus differentiation at Nc. Further, children with exposure to PM had smaller peak to peak amplitude (N2-P1) compared to unexposed children. CONCLUSION The results suggest that children with a history of PM process novelty differently than do unexposed children, with slower latencies and reduced or absent components. This pattern suggests poorer auditory attention and/or cognitive slowness and poorer visual attention orienting, possibly due to disruption in the functions of the lateral prefrontal and superior temporal cortices. ERPs may be useful for assessment of the development of perceptual-cognitive functions in post brain-injury in African children by providing an alternate way of assessing cognitive development in patient groups for whom more typical standardized neuropsychological assessments are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kihara
- The Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Michelle de Haan
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Eugene O Were
- The Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Nairobi, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Harrun H Garrashi
- The Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Brian GR Neville
- Neurosciences Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, The Wolfson Centre, London, UK
| | - Charles RJC Newton
- The Centre for Geographical Medicine Research (Coast), Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
- Neurosciences Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, The Wolfson Centre, London, UK
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
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49
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Noll LK, Mayes LC, Rutherford HJV. Investigating the impact of parental status and depression symptoms on the early perceptual coding of infant faces: an event-related potential study. Soc Neurosci 2012; 7:525-36. [PMID: 22435403 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2012.672457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Infant faces are highly salient social stimuli that appear to elicit intuitive parenting behaviors in healthy adult women. Behavioral and observational studies indicate that this effect may be modulated by experiences of reproduction, caregiving, and psychiatric symptomatology that affect normative attention and reward processing of infant cues. However, relatively little is known about the neural correlates of these effects. Using the event-related potential (ERP) technique, this study investigated the impact of parental status (mother, non-mother) and depression symptoms on early visual processing of infant faces in a community sample of adult women. Specifically, the P1 and N170 ERP components elicited in response to infant face stimuli were examined. While characteristics of the N170 were not modulated by parental status, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between depression symptom severity and N170 amplitude. This relationship was not observed for the P1. These results suggest that depression symptoms may modulate early neurophysiological responsiveness to infant cues, even at sub-clinical levels.
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50
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Fearful expressions enhance recognition memory: electrophysiological evidence. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2012; 139:7-18. [PMID: 22036588 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2011.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial expressions play a key role in affective and social behavior. However, the temporal dynamics of the brain responses to emotional faces remain still unclear, in particular an open question is at what stage of face processing expressions might influence encoding and recognition memory. To try and answer this question we recorded the event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited in an old/new recognition task. A novel aspect of the present design was that whereas faces were presented during the study phase with either a happy, fearful or neutral expression, they were always neutral during the memory retrieval task. The ERP results showed three main findings: An enhanced early fronto-central positivity for faces encoded as fearful, both during the study and the retrieval phase. During encoding subsequent memory (Dm effect) was influenced by emotion. At retrieval the early components P100 and N170 were modulated by the emotional expression of the face at the encoding phase. Finally, the later ERP components related to recognition memory were modulated by the previously encoded facial expressions. Overall, these results suggest that face recognition is modulated by top-down influences from brain areas associated with emotional memory, enhancing encoding and retrieval in particular for fearful emotional expressions.
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