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Cheung SW, Willis EF, Simmons DG, Bellingham MC, Noakes PG. Phagocytosis of aggrecan-positive perineuronal nets surrounding motor neurons by reactive microglia expressing MMP-9 in TDP-43 Q331K ALS model mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106614. [PMID: 39067491 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix structures that surround excitable neurons and their proximal dendrites. PNNs play an important role in neuroprotection against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress within motor neurons can act as a trigger for neuronal death, and this has been implicated in motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We therefore characterised PNNs around alpha motor neurons and the possible contributing cellular factors in the mutant TDP-43Q331K transgenic mouse, a slow onset ALS mouse model. PNNs around alpha motor neurons showed significant loss at mid-stage disease in TDP-43Q331K mice compared to wild type strain control mice. PNN loss coincided with an increased expression of matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), an endopeptidase known to cleave PNNs, within the ventral horn. During mid-stage disease, increased numbers of microglia and astrocytes expressing MMP-9 were present in the ventral horn of TDP-43Q331K mice. In addition, TDP-43Q331K mice showed increased levels of aggrecan, a PNN component, in the ventral horn by microglia and astrocytes during this period. Elevated aggrecan levels within glia were accompanied by an increase in fractalkine expression, a chemotaxic protein responsible for the recruitment of microglia, in alpha motor neurons of onset and mid-stage TDP-43Q331K mice. Following PNN loss, alpha motor neurons in mid-stage TDP-43Q331K mice showed increased 3-nitrotyrosine expression, an indicator of protein oxidation. Together, our observations along with previous PNN research provide suggests a possible model whereby microglia and astrocytes expressing MMP-9 degrade PNNs surrounding alpha motor neurons in the TDP-43Q331K mouse. This loss of nets may expose alpha-motor neurons to oxidative damage leading to degeneration of the alpha motor neurons in the TDP-43Q331K ALS mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Emily F Willis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David G Simmons
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mark C Bellingham
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Peter G Noakes
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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2
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Lambert-Smith IA, Shephard VK, McAlary L, Yerbury JJ, Saunders DN. High-content analysis of proteostasis capacity in cellular models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Sci Rep 2024; 14:13844. [PMID: 38879591 PMCID: PMC11180180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Disrupted proteome homeostasis (proteostasis) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been a major focus of research in the past two decades. However, the proteostasis processes that become disturbed in ALS are not fully understood. Obtaining more detailed knowledge of proteostasis disruption in association with different ALS-causing mutations will improve our understanding of ALS pathophysiology and may identify novel therapeutic targets and strategies for ALS patients. Here we describe the development and use of a novel high-content analysis (HCA) assay to investigate proteostasis disturbances caused by the expression of several ALS-causing gene variants. This assay involves the use of conformationally-destabilised mutants of firefly luciferase (Fluc) to examine protein folding/re-folding capacity in NSC-34 cells expressing ALS-associated mutations in the genes encoding superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1A4V) and cyclin F (CCNFS621G). We demonstrate that these Fluc isoforms can be used in high-throughput format to report on reductions in the activity of the chaperone network that result from the expression of SOD1A4V, providing multiplexed information at single-cell resolution. In addition to SOD1A4V and CCNFS621G, NSC-34 models of ALS-associated TDP-43, FUS, UBQLN2, OPTN, VCP and VAPB mutants were generated that could be screened using this assay in future work. For ALS-associated mutant proteins that do cause reductions in protein quality control capacity, such as SOD1A4V, this assay has potential to be applied in drug screening studies to identify candidate compounds that can ameliorate this deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella A Lambert-Smith
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Victoria K Shephard
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Luke McAlary
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Darren N Saunders
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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3
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Mackness BC, Morgan BR, Deveau LM, Kathuria SV, Zitzewitz JA, Massi F. A hydrophobic core stabilizes the residual structure in the RRM2 intermediate state of the ALS-linked protein TDP-43. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598648. [PMID: 38915526 PMCID: PMC11195224 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Folding intermediates mediate both protein folding and the misfolding and aggregation observed in human diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and are prime targets for therapeutic interventions. In this study, we identified the core nucleus of structure for a folding intermediate in the second RNA recognition motif (RRM2) of the ALS-linked RNA-binding protein, TDP-43, using a combination of experimental and computational approaches. Urea equilibrium unfolding studies revealed that the RRM2 intermediate state consists of collapsed residual secondary structure localized to the N-terminal half of RRM2, while the C-terminus is largely disordered. Steered molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis studies yielded key stabilizing hydrophobic contacts that, when mutated to alanine, severely disrupt the overall fold of RRM2. In combination, these findings suggest a role for this RRM intermediate in normal TDP-43 function as well as serving as a template for misfolding and aggregation through the low stability and non-native secondary structure.
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4
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Arnold FJ, Putka AF, Raychaudhuri U, Hsu S, Bedlack RS, Bennett CL, La Spada AR. Revisiting Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Age-Related Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5587. [PMID: 38891774 PMCID: PMC11171854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disorder. While there are five FDA-approved drugs for treating this disease, each has only modest benefits. To design new and more effective therapies for ALS, particularly for sporadic ALS of unknown and diverse etiologies, we must identify key, convergent mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. This review focuses on the origin and effects of glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in ALS (the cortical hyperexcitability hypothesis), in which increased glutamatergic signaling causes motor neurons to become hyperexcitable and eventually die. We characterize both primary and secondary contributions to excitotoxicity, referring to processes taking place at the synapse and within the cell, respectively. 'Primary pathways' include upregulation of calcium-permeable AMPA receptors, dysfunction of the EAAT2 astrocytic glutamate transporter, increased release of glutamate from the presynaptic terminal, and reduced inhibition by cortical interneurons-all of which have been observed in ALS patients and model systems. 'Secondary pathways' include changes to mitochondrial morphology and function, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. By identifying key targets in the excitotoxicity cascade, we emphasize the importance of this pathway in the pathogenesis of ALS and suggest that intervening in this pathway could be effective for developing therapies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick J. Arnold
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.F.P.)
| | - Alexandra F. Putka
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.F.P.)
| | - Urmimala Raychaudhuri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Solomon Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Richard S. Bedlack
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.F.P.)
| | - Craig L. Bennett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Albert R. La Spada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (A.F.P.)
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- UCI Center for Neurotherapeutics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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5
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Liu S, Hong Y, Wang BR, Wei ZQ, Zhao HD, Jiang T, Zhang YD, Shi JQ. The presence and clinical significance of autoantibodies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a narrative review. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07581-x. [PMID: 38733435 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating and rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by the selective loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. The pathogenesis of ALS remains to be elucidated and has been connected to genetic, environmental and immune conditions. Evidence from clinical and experimental studies has suggested that the immune system played an important role in ALS pathophysiology. Autoantibodies are essential components of the immune system. Several autoantibodies directed at antigens associated with ALS pathogenesis have been identified in the serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the presence and clinical significance of autoantibodies in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Bian-Rong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Zi-Qiao Wei
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211166, PR China
| | - Hong-Dong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Ying-Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China
| | - Jian-Quan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210006, PR China.
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6
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Ismail M, Großmann D, Hermann A. Increased Vulnerability to Ferroptosis in FUS-ALS. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 38666827 PMCID: PMC11048265 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxide accumulation, plays a pivotal role in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. While reasonable evidence for ferroptosis exists, e.g., in Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease, there are only a few reports on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fast progressive and incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration. Interestingly, initial studies have suggested that ferroptosis might be significantly involved in ALS. Key features of ferroptosis include oxidative stress, glutathione depletion, and alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function, mediated by proteins such as GPX4, xCT, ACSL4 FSP1, Nrf2, and TfR1. Induction of ferroptosis involves small molecule compounds like erastin and RSL3, which disrupt system Xc- and GPX4 activity, respectively, resulting in lipid peroxidation and cellular demise. Mutations in fused in sarcoma (FUS) are associated with familial ALS. Pathophysiological hallmarks of FUS-ALS involve mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage, implicating ferroptosis as a putative cell-death pathway in motor neuron demise. However, a mechanistic understanding of ferroptosis in ALS, particularly FUS-ALS, remains limited. Here, we investigated the vulnerability to ferroptosis in FUS-ALS cell models, revealing mitochondrial disturbances and increased susceptibility to ferroptosis in cells harboring ALS-causing FUS mutations. This was accompanied by an altered expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, particularly by a reduction in xCT expression, leading to cellular imbalance in the redox system and increased lipid peroxidation. Iron chelation with deferoxamine, as well as inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), significantly alleviated ferroptotic cell death and lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest a link between ferroptosis and FUS-ALS, offering potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Dajana Großmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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7
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Darabi S, Ariaei A, Rustamzadeh A, Afshari D, Charkhat Gorgich EA, Darabi L. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood exosomes as biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; a systematic review. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:47. [PMID: 38429818 PMCID: PMC10908104 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal motor neuron disease. Due to the limited knowledge about potential biomarkers that help in early diagnosis and monitoring disease progression, today's diagnoses are based on ruling out other diseases, neurography, and electromyography examination, which takes a time-consuming procedure. METHODS PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were explored to extract articles published from January 2015 to June 2023. In the searching strategy following keywords were included; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and plama. RESULTS A total number of 6 studies describing fluid-based exosomal biomarkers were included in this study. Aggregated proteins including SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, and FUS could be detected in the microvesicles (MVs). Moreover, TDP-43 and NFL extracted from plasma exosomes could be used as prognostic biomarkers. Also, downregulated miR-27a-3p detected through exoEasy Maxi and exoQuick Kit in the plasma could be measured as a diagnostic biomarker. Eventually, the upregulated level of CORO1A could be used to monitor disease progression. CONCLUSION Based on the results, each biomarker alone is insufficient to evaluate ALS. CNS-derived exosomes contain multiple ALS-related biomarkers (SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, FUS, and miRNAs) that are detectable in cerebrospinal fluid and blood is a proper alternation. Exosome detecting kits listed as exoEasy, ExoQuick, Exo-spin, ME kit, ExoQuick Plus, and Exo-Flow, are helpful to reach this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Armin Ariaei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Auob Rustamzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, next to Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Dariush Afshari
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Leila Darabi
- Department of Neurology, Tehran Medical Science Branch, Amir Al Momenin Hospital, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Vicario R, Fragkogianni S, Weber L, Lazarov T, Hu Y, Hayashi SY, Craddock BP, Socci ND, Alberdi A, Baako A, Ay O, Ogishi M, Lopez-Rodrigo E, Kappagantula R, Viale A, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Zhou T, Ransohoff RM, Chesworth R, Bank NB, Abdel-Wahab O, Boisson B, Elemento O, Casanova JL, Miller WT, Geissmann F. A microglia clonal inflammatory disorder in Alzheimer's Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577216. [PMID: 38328106 PMCID: PMC10849735 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Somatic genetic heterogeneity resulting from post-zygotic DNA mutations is widespread in human tissues and can cause diseases, however few studies have investigated its role in neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Here we report the selective enrichment of microglia clones carrying pathogenic variants, that are not present in neuronal, glia/stromal cells, or blood, from patients with AD in comparison to age-matched controls. Notably, microglia-specific AD-associated variants preferentially target the MAPK pathway, including recurrent CBL ring-domain mutations. These variants activate ERK and drive a microglia transcriptional program characterized by a strong neuro-inflammatory response, both in vitro and in patients. Although the natural history of AD-associated microglial clones is difficult to establish in human, microglial expression of a MAPK pathway activating variant was previously shown to cause neurodegeneration in mice, suggesting that AD-associated neuroinflammatory microglial clones may contribute to the neurodegenerative process in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Vicario
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Stamatina Fragkogianni
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Leslie Weber
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Tomi Lazarov
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Compxutational Biomedicine,Weill Cornell New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Samantha Y. Hayashi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8661
| | - Barbara P. Craddock
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8661
| | - Nicholas D. Socci
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Araitz Alberdi
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Ann Baako
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Oyku Ay
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065 NY, USA
| | - Estibaliz Lopez-Rodrigo
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Rajya Kappagantula
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Agnes Viale
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- SKI Stem Cell Research Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | | | | | | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065 NY, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Compxutational Biomedicine,Weill Cornell New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065 NY, USA
| | - W. Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8661
| | - Frederic Geissmann
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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9
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Feró O, Varga D, Nagy É, Karányi Z, Sipos É, Engelhardt J, Török N, Balogh I, Vető B, Likó I, Fóthi Á, Szabó Z, Halmos G, Vécsei L, Arányi T, Székvölgyi L. DNA methylome, R-loop and clinical exome profiling of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Data 2024; 11:123. [PMID: 38267456 PMCID: PMC10808109 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-02985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of motor neurons, the aetiology of which is essentially unknown. Here, we present an integrative epigenomic study in blood samples from seven clinically characterised sporadic ALS patients to elucidate molecular factors associated with the disease. We used clinical exome sequencing (CES) to study DNA variants, DNA-RNA hybrid immunoprecipitation sequencing (DRIP-seq) to assess R-loop distribution, and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to examine DNA methylation changes. The above datasets were combined to create a comprehensive repository of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the ALS cases studied. This repository is well-suited to unveil new correlations within individual patients and across the entire patient cohort. The molecular attributes described here are expected to guide further mechanistic studies on ALS, shedding light on the underlying genetic causes and facilitating the development of new epigenetic therapies to combat this life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Feró
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Varga
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Nagy
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Karányi
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Éva Sipos
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Engelhardt
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Török
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Balogh
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Borbála Vető
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Likó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ábel Fóthi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Halmos
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Arányi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lóránt Székvölgyi
- MTA-DE Momentum, Genome Architecture and Recombination Research Group, Department of Molecular and Nanopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
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10
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Dey B, Kumar A, Patel AB. Pathomechanistic Networks of Motor System Injury in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1778-1806. [PMID: 37622689 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230824091601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is the most common, adult-onset, progressive motor neurodegenerative disorder that results in death within 3 years of the clinical diagnosis. Due to the clinicopathological heterogeneity, any reliable biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of ALS have not been identified till date. Moreover, the only three clinically approved treatments are not uniformly effective in slowing the disease progression. Over the last 15 years, there has been a rapid advancement in research on the complex pathomechanistic landscape of ALS that has opened up new avenues for successful clinical translation of targeted therapeutics. Multiple studies suggest that the age-dependent interaction of risk-associated genes with environmental factors and endogenous modifiers is critical to the multi-step process of ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an updated discussion on the dysregulated cross-talk between intracellular homeostasis processes, the unique molecular networks across selectively vulnerable cell types, and the multisystemic nature of ALS pathomechanisms. Importantly, this work highlights the alteration in epigenetic and epitranscriptomic landscape due to gene-environment interactions, which have been largely overlooked in the context of ALS pathology. Finally, we suggest that precision medicine research in ALS will be largely benefitted from the stratification of patient groups based on the clinical phenotype, onset and progression, genome, exposome, and metabolic identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedaballi Dey
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anant Bahadur Patel
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Chagas Monteiro KL, dos Santos Alcântara MG, de Aquino TM, Ferreira da Silva-Júnior E. Insights on Natural Products Against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1169-1188. [PMID: 38708921 PMCID: PMC10964095 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231016153606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of motor neurons and consequent muscle paralysis. Despite many efforts to address it, current therapy targeting ALS remains limited, increasing the interest in complementary therapies. Over the years, several herbal preparations and medicinal plants have been studied to prevent and treat this disease, which has received remarkable attention due to their blood-brain barrier penetration properties and low toxicity. Thus, this review presents the therapeutic potential of a variety of medicinal herbs and their relationship with ALS and their physiopathological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadja Luana Chagas Monteiro
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcone Gomes dos Santos Alcântara
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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12
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Zhou Z, Kim J, Huang AY, Nolan M, Park J, Doan R, Shin T, Miller MB, Chhouk B, Morillo K, Yeh RC, Kenny C, Neil JE, Lee CZ, Ohkubo T, Ravits J, Ansorge O, Ostrow LW, Lagier-Tourenne C, Lee EA, Walsh CA. Somatic Mosaicism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Reveals Widespread Degeneration from Focal Mutations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.30.569436. [PMID: 38077003 PMCID: PMC10705414 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.30.569436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Although mutations in dozens of genes have been implicated in familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (fFTD), most cases of these conditions are sporadic (sALS and sFTD), with no family history, and their etiology remains obscure. We tested the hypothesis that somatic mosaic mutations, present in some but not all cells, might contribute in these cases, by performing ultra-deep, targeted sequencing of 88 genes associated with neurodegenerative diseases in postmortem brain and spinal cord samples from 404 individuals with sALS or sFTD and 144 controls. Known pathogenic germline mutations were found in 20.6% of ALS, and 26.5% of FTD cases. Predicted pathogenic somatic mutations in ALS/FTD genes were observed in 2.7% of sALS and sFTD cases that did not carry known pathogenic or novel germline mutations. Somatic mutations showed low variant allele fraction (typically <2%) and were often restricted to the region of initial discovery, preventing detection through genetic screening in peripheral tissues. Damaging somatic mutations were preferentially enriched in primary motor cortex of sALS and prefrontal cortex of sFTD, mirroring regions most severely affected in each disease. Somatic mutation analysis of bulk RNA-seq data from brain and spinal cord from an additional 143 sALS cases and 23 controls confirmed an overall enrichment of somatic mutations in sALS. Two adult sALS cases were identified bearing pathogenic somatic mutations in DYNC1H1 and LMNA, two genes associated with pediatric motor neuron degeneration. Our study suggests that somatic mutations in fALS/fFTD genes, and in genes associated with more severe diseases in the germline state, contribute to sALS and sFTD, and that mosaic mutations in a small fraction of cells in focal regions of the nervous system can ultimately result in widespread degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinan Zhou
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Junho Kim
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - August Yue Huang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Nolan
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Junseok Park
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Doan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taehwan Shin
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael B. Miller
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Chhouk
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Morillo
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Yeh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connor Kenny
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Neil
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao-Zong Lee
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takuya Ohkubo
- Department of Neurology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Lyle W. Ostrow
- Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eunjung Alice Lee
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher A. Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Audrain M, Egesipe AL, Tentillier N, Font L, Ratnam M, Mottier L, Clavel M, Le Roux-Bourdieu M, Fenyi A, Ollier R, Chevalier E, Guilhot F, Fuchs A, Piorkowska K, Carlyle B, Arnold SE, Berry JD, Luthi-Carter R, Adolfsson O, Pfeifer A, Kosco-Vilbois M, Seredenina T, Afroz T. Targeting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by neutralizing seeding-competent TDP-43 in CSF. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad306. [PMID: 38025276 PMCID: PMC10644982 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease driven by abnormal transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa aggregation, CSF may contain pathological species of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa contributing to the propagation of pathology and neuronal toxicity. These species, released in part by degenerating neurons, would act as a template for the aggregation of physiological protein contributing to the spread of pathology in the brain and spinal cord. In this study, a robust seed amplification assay was established to assess the presence of seeding-competent transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa species in CSF of apparently sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. These samples resulted in a significant acceleration of substrate aggregation differentiating the kinetics from healthy controls. In parallel, a second assay was developed to determine the level of target engagement that would be necessary to neutralize such species in human CSF by a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa. For this, evaluation of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic effect for the monoclonal antibody, ACI-5891.9, in vivo and in vitro confirmed that a CSF concentration of ≍1100 ng/mL would be sufficient for sustained target saturation. Using this concentration in the seed amplification assay, ACI-5891.9 was able to neutralize the transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa pathogenic seeds derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient CSF. This translational work adds to the evidence of transmission of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa pathology via CSF that could contribute to the non-contiguous pattern of clinical manifestations observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and demonstrates the ability of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody to neutralize the toxic, extracellular seeding-competent transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa species in the CSF of apparently sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laure Font
- Research, AC Immune SA, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexis Fenyi
- Research, AC Immune SA, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Aline Fuchs
- Research, AC Immune SA, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Becky Carlyle
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Neurology and the Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS & the Neurological Clinical Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tariq Afroz
- Research, AC Immune SA, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Rani N, Alam MM, Jamal A, Bin Ghaffar U, Parvez S. Caenorhabditis elegans: A transgenic model for studying age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102036. [PMID: 37598759 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of aging-associated ailments characterized by interrupting cellular proteostasic machinery and the misfolding of distinct proteins to form toxic aggregates in neurons. Neurodegenerative diseases, which include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and others, are becoming an increasing threat to human health worldwide. The degeneration and death of certain specific groups of neurons are the hallmarks of these diseases. Over the past decades, Caenorhabditis eleganshas beenwidely used as a transgenic model to investigate biological processes related to health and disease. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has developed as a powerful tool for studying disease mechanisms due to its ease of genetic handling and instant cultivation while providing a whole-animal system amendable to several molecular and biochemical techniques. In this review, we elucidate the potential of C. elegans as a versatile platform for systematic dissection of the molecular basis of human disease, focusing on neurodegenerative disorders, and may help better our understanding of the disease mechanisms and search for new therapeutics for these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Bin Ghaffar
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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15
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Reis AHDEO, Figalo LB, Orsini M, Lemos B. The implications of DNA methylation for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230277. [PMID: 37909610 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex and serious neurodegenerative disorder that develops in consequence of the progressive loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. Cases of ALS are classified as sporadic (sALS), or familial (fALS). Over 90% of cases are sALS, while roughly 10% are related to inherited genetic mutations (fALS). Approximately 70% of the genetic mutations that contribute to fALS have been identified. On the other hand, the majority of the sALS cases have an undetermined genetic contributor and few mutations have been described, despite the advanced genetic analysis methods. Also, several factors contribute to the onset and progression of ALS. Numerous lines of evidence indicate that epigenetic changes are linked to aging, as well as neurodegenerative disorders, such as ALS. In most cases, they act as the heritable regulation of transcription by DNA methylation, histone modification and expression of noncoding RNAs. Mechanisms involving aberrant DNA methylation could be relevant to human ALS pathobiology and therapeutic targeting. Despite advances in research to find factors associated with ALS and more effective treatments, this disease remains complex and has low patient survival. Here, we provide a narrative review of the role of DNA methylation for this complex neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Helena DE Oliveira Reis
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Departamento de Genética, Pavilhão Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Sala 501F, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luna B Figalo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Departamento de Genética, Pavilhão Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Sala 501F, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marco Orsini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Vigilância em Saúde, Universidade Iguaçu, Av. Abílio Augusto Távora, 2134, 26260-045 Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, 22290-140 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Lemos
- Coit Center for longevity and Neurotheraéutics, Departament of pharmacology and toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St. PO Box 210207 Tucson, Arizona, USA
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16
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Akçimen F, Lopez ER, Landers JE, Nath A, Chiò A, Chia R, Traynor BJ. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: translating genetic discoveries into therapies. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:642-658. [PMID: 37024676 PMCID: PMC10611979 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in sequencing technologies and collaborative efforts have led to substantial progress in identifying the genetic causes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This momentum has, in turn, fostered the development of putative molecular therapies. In this Review, we outline the current genetic knowledge, emphasizing recent discoveries and emerging concepts such as the implication of distinct types of mutation, variability in mutated genes in diverse genetic ancestries and gene-environment interactions. We also propose a high-level model to synthesize the interdependent effects of genetics, environmental and lifestyle factors, and ageing into a unified theory of ALS. Furthermore, we summarize the current status of therapies developed on the basis of genetic knowledge established for ALS over the past 30 years, and we discuss how developing treatments for ALS will advance our understanding of targeting other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Akçimen
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Elia R Lopez
- Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adriano Chiò
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, C.N.R, Rome, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Ruth Chia
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Barbalho IMP, Fonseca ALA, Fernandes F, Henriques J, Gil P, Nagem D, Lindquist R, Lima T, dos Santos JPQ, Paiva J, Morais AHF, Dourado Júnior MET, Valentim RAM. Digital health solution for monitoring and surveillance of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Brazil. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1209633. [PMID: 37693725 PMCID: PMC10485256 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1209633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a complex and rare neurodegenerative disease given its heterogeneity. Despite being known for many years, few countries have accurate information about the characteristics of people diagnosed with ALS, such as data regarding diagnosis and clinical features of the disease. In Brazil, the lack of information about ALS limits data for the research progress and public policy development that benefits people affected by this health condition. In this context, this article aims to show a digital health solution development and application for research, intervention, and strengthening of the response to ALS in the Brazilian Health System. The proposed solution is composed of two platforms: the Brazilian National ALS Registry, responsible for the data collection in a structured way from ALS patients all over Brazil; and the Brazilian National ALS Observatory, responsible for processing the data collected in the National Registry and for providing a monitoring room with indicators on people diagnosed with ALS in Brazil. The development of this solution was supported by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) and was carried out by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in ALS. This solution represents a tool with great potential for strengthening public policies and stands out for being the only public database on the disease, besides containing innovations that allow data collection by health professionals and/or patients. By using both platforms, it is believed that it will be possible to understand the demographic and epidemiological data of ALS in Brazil, since the data will be able to be analyzed by care teams and also by public health managers, both in the individual and collective monitoring of people living with ALS in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingridy M. P. Barbalho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Aleika L. A. Fonseca
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fernandes
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Jorge Henriques
- Department of Informatics Engineering, Center for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Gil
- Department of Informatics Engineering, Center for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Danilo Nagem
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Raquel Lindquist
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Brazil
| | - Thaisa Lima
- Brazilian Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Queiroz dos Santos
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jailton Paiva
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Antonio H. F. Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
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18
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Farrawell NE, Bax M, McAlary L, McKenna J, Maksour S, Do-Ha D, Rayner SL, Blair IP, Chung RS, Yerbury JJ, Ooi L, Saunders DN. ALS-linked CCNF variant disrupts motor neuron ubiquitin homeostasis. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2386-2398. [PMID: 37220877 PMCID: PMC10652331 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that share pathological features, including the aberrant accumulation of ubiquitinated protein inclusions within motor neurons. Previously, we have shown that the sequestration of ubiquitin (Ub) into inclusions disrupts Ub homeostasis in cells expressing ALS-associated variants superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), fused in sarcoma (FUS) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Here, we investigated whether an ALS/FTD-linked pathogenic variant in the CCNF gene, encoding the E3 Ub ligase Cyclin F (CCNF), also perturbs Ub homeostasis. The presence of a pathogenic CCNF variant was shown to cause ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons harboring the CCNF S621G mutation. The expression of the CCNFS621G variant was associated with an increased abundance of ubiquitinated proteins and significant changes in the ubiquitination of key UPS components. To further investigate the mechanisms responsible for this UPS dysfunction, we overexpressed CCNF in NSC-34 cells and found that the overexpression of both wild-type (WT) and the pathogenic variant of CCNF (CCNFS621G) altered free Ub levels. Furthermore, double mutants designed to decrease the ability of CCNF to form an active E3 Ub ligase complex significantly improved UPS function in cells expressing both CCNFWT and the CCNFS621G variant and were associated with increased levels of free monomeric Ub. Collectively, these results suggest that alterations to the ligase activity of the CCNF complex and the subsequent disruption to Ub homeostasis play an important role in the pathogenesis of CCNF-associated ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Farrawell
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Monique Bax
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Luke McAlary
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Jessie McKenna
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Simon Maksour
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Dzung Do-Ha
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Rayner
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian P Blair
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Darren N Saunders
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Gao T, Huo J, Xin C, Yang J, Liu Q, Dong H, Li R, Liu Y. Protective effects of intrathecal injection of AAV9-RabGGTB-GFP+ in SOD1G93A mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1092607. [PMID: 36967828 PMCID: PMC10036913 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1092607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that widely affects motor neurons of the CNS. About 20% of patients with ALS have familial ALS (fALS). One of the classic models of ALS are SOD1G93A mice. Misfolded SOD1 protein can be overexpressed in motor neurons, which results in progressive paralysis of the limbs of mice. There is still no effective treatment for ALS. In recent years, the treatment of ALS by regulating autophagy has become a research hotspot. Autophagy obstacles have been confirmed to be one of the early pathological events of ALS. Rab7 is a member of the Ras superfamily and plays a key role in the late stage of autophagy. In our previous studies, we found that prenoylation of Rab7 was inhibited in the ALS model. Prenylation is a post-translational modification in which farnesyl or geranylgeranyl groups are covalently linked to target proteins. Based on these findings, we proposed the novel idea that the regulation of RabGGTB (the β-subunit of RabGGTase) mediated prenylation modification of Rab7, and that this can be used as a prevention and treatment of ALS associated with abnormal protein accumulation.MethodsIn the present study, RabGGTB was overexpressed in mouse spinal cord motoneurons by using adeno-associated virus as vector. Then immunofluorescence quantitative analysis was used for pathological study. The body weight, footprint analysis, the accelerating rotarod test, and neurological deficits score were used to evaluate animal behavior.ResultsOur results show that the protein level of RabGGTB was significantly increased in the lumbar and thoracic regions of spinal cord motoneurons of injected mice. Furthermore, the onset time and survival time of SOD1G93A mice injected with AAV9-RabGGTB-GFP+ were delayed compared with those of mice without overexpression. At the same time, we also observed a decrease in SOD1 misfolded and glial overactivation in the lumbar spinal cord of these SOD1G93A mice.ConclusionThe findings reported here show that RabGGTB plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of SOD1G93A mice and with great therapeutic potential for reducing abnormal aggregation of SOD1 in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchu Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Cheng Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Li, ; Yaling Liu,
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Li, ; Yaling Liu,
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20
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Meyer T, Salkic E, Grehl T, Weyen U, Kettemann D, Weydt P, Günther R, Lingor P, Koch JC, Petri S, Hermann A, Prudlo J, Großkreutz J, Baum P, Boentert M, Metelmann M, Norden J, Cordts I, Weishaupt JH, Dorst J, Ludolph A, Koc Y, Walter B, Münch C, Spittel S, Dreger M, Maier A, Körtvélyessy P. Performance of serum neurofilament light chain in a wide spectrum of clinical courses of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-a cross-sectional multicenter study. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:1600-1610. [PMID: 36899448 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The objective was to assess the performance of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a wide range of disease courses, in terms of progression, duration and tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV). METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study at 12 ALS centers in Germany was performed. sNfL concentrations were age adjusted using sNfL Z scores expressing the number of standard deviations from the mean of a control reference database and correlated to ALS duration and ALS progression rate (ALS-PR), defined by the decline of the ALS Functional Rating Scale. RESULTS In the total ALS cohort (n = 1378) the sNfL Z score was elevated (3.04; 2.46-3.43; 99.88th percentile). There was a strong correlation of sNfL Z score with ALS-PR (p < 0.001). In patients with long (5-10 years, n = 167) or very long ALS duration (>10 years, n = 94) the sNfL Z score was significantly lower compared to the typical ALS duration of <5 years (n = 1059) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in patients with TIV, decreasing sNfL Z scores were found in correlation with TIV duration and ALS-PR (p = 0.002; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The finding of moderate sNfL elevation in patients with long ALS duration underlined the favorable prognosis of low sNfL. The strong correlation of sNfL Z score with ALS-PR strengthened its value as progression marker in clinical management and research. The lowering of sNfL in correlation with long TIV duration could reflect a reduction either in disease activity or in the neuroaxonal substrate of biomarker formation during the protracted course of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- APST Research GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erma Salkic
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Grehl
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany
| | - Ute Weyen
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kettemann
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Weydt
- Department for Neurodegenerative Disorders and Gerontopsychiatry, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Research Site Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - René Günther
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Research Site Dresden (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Christoph Koch
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", University of Rostock, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Research Site Rostock/Greifswald, DZNE, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johannes Prudlo
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Research Site Rostock/Greifswald, DZNE, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock,, Germany
| | - Julian Großkreutz
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Petra Baum
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Boentert
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Moritz Metelmann
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jenny Norden
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabell Cordts
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen H Weishaupt
- Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Mannheim Center for Translational Medicine, University Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Albert Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Research Site Ulm (DZNE), Ulm, Germany
| | - Yasemin Koc
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Walter
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Münch
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- APST Research GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Spittel
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- APST Research GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Dreger
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Maier
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Péter Körtvélyessy
- Department of Neurology, Center for ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Research Site Magdeburg (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
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Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Human Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030478. [PMID: 36979413 PMCID: PMC10046667 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in science and technology have improved our quality of life, enabling us to tackle diseases and increase human life expectancy. However, longevity is accompanied by an accretion in the frequency of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, creating a growing burden, with pervasive social impact for human societies. The cost of managing such chronic disorders and the lack of effective treatments highlight the need to decipher their molecular and genetic underpinnings, in order to discover new therapeutic targets. In this effort, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a powerful tool to recapitulate several disease-related phenotypes and provides a highly malleable genetic model that allows the implementation of multidisciplinary approaches, in addition to large-scale genetic and pharmacological screens. Its anatomical transparency allows the use of co-expressed fluorescent proteins to track the progress of neurodegeneration. Moreover, the functional conservation of neuronal processes, along with the high homology between nematode and human genomes, render C. elegans extremely suitable for the study of human neurodegenerative disorders. This review describes nematode models used to study neurodegeneration and underscores their contribution in the effort to dissect the molecular basis of human diseases and identify novel gene targets with therapeutic potential.
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Gulino R. Synaptic Dysfunction and Plasticity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054613. [PMID: 36902042 PMCID: PMC10003601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has supported the hypothesis that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multi-step disease, as the onset of symptoms occurs after sequential exposure to a defined number of risk factors. Despite the lack of precise identification of these disease determinants, it is known that genetic mutations may contribute to one or more of the steps leading to ALS onset, the remaining being linked to environmental factors and lifestyle. It also appears evident that compensatory plastic changes taking place at all levels of the nervous system during ALS etiopathogenesis may likely counteract the functional effects of neurodegeneration and affect the timing of disease onset and progression. Functional and structural events of synaptic plasticity probably represent the main mechanisms underlying this adaptive capability, causing a significant, although partial and transient, resiliency of the nervous system affected by a neurodegenerative disease. On the other hand, the failure of synaptic functions and plasticity may be part of the pathological process. The aim of this review was to summarize what it is known today about the controversial involvement of synapses in ALS etiopathogenesis, and an analysis of the literature, although not exhaustive, confirmed that synaptic dysfunction is an early pathogenetic process in ALS. Moreover, it appears that adequate modulation of structural and functional synaptic plasticity may likely support function sparing and delay disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Gulino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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23
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Jian H, Liu Y, Wang X, Dong X, Zou X. Akkermansia muciniphila as a Next-Generation Probiotic in Modulating Human Metabolic Homeostasis and Disease Progression: A Role Mediated by Gut-Liver-Brain Axes? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043900. [PMID: 36835309 PMCID: PMC9959343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Appreciation of the importance of Akkermansia muciniphila is growing, and it is becoming increasingly relevant to identify preventive and/or therapeutic solutions targeting gut-liver-brain axes for multiple diseases via Akkermansia muciniphila. In recent years, Akkermansia muciniphila and its components such as outer membrane proteins and extracellular vesicles have been known to ameliorate host metabolic health and intestinal homeostasis. However, the impacts of Akkermansia muciniphila on host health and disease are complex, as both potentially beneficial and adverse effects are mediated by Akkermansia muciniphila and its derivatives, and in some cases, these effects are dependent upon the host physiology microenvironment and the forms, genotypes, and strain sources of Akkermansia muciniphila. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of how Akkermansia muciniphila interacts with the host and influences host metabolic homeostasis and disease progression. Details of Akkermansia muciniphila will be discussed including its biological and genetic characteristics; biological functions including anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-metabolic-syndrome, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, anti-neurodegenerative disease, and anti-cancer therapy functions; and strategies to elevate its abundance. Key events will be referred to in some specific disease states, and this knowledge should facilitate the identification of Akkermansia muciniphila-based probiotic therapy targeting multiple diseases via gut-liver-brain axes.
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24
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Oliveira Santos M, Gromicho M, Pronto-Laborinho A, de Carvalho M. Sporadic Spinal-Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Associated with Myopathy in Three Unrelated Portuguese Patients. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020220. [PMID: 36831763 PMCID: PMC9953916 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and myopathy have been already described as part of a common genetic syndrome called multisystem proteinopathy. They may occur together or not, and can be associated with other clinical features such as frontotemporal dementia and Paget's bone disease. In addition, primary skeletal muscle involvement has been also reported in inherited forms of lower motor neuron disease, in spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy and in spinal muscular atrophy. We aim to characterize three sporadic, spinal-onset ALS patients, one with a concurrent non-specific myopathy, and two with a previous diagnosis of myopathy before upper and lower motor neuron signs emerged. Perhaps our sporadic ALS cases associated with myopathy share a common, but still unknown, pathogenic background. These cases raise the paradigm of a possible interplay between skeletal muscle degeneration and motor neuron damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Oliveira Santos
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1648-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Gromicho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1648-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Pronto-Laborinho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1648-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1648-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +351-217-805-219
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25
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Barbo M, Ravnik-Glavač M. Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020325. [PMID: 36833252 PMCID: PMC9956314 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is described as a fatal and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex and lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. Due to ALS's slowly progressive characteristic, which is often accompanied by other neurological comorbidities, its diagnosis remains challenging. Perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy as well as cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons have been revealed in ALS. The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be key in accessing pathologically relevant tissues for ALS, as EVs can cross the blood-brain barrier and be isolated from the blood. The number and content of EVs may provide indications of the disease pathogenesis, its stage, and prognosis. In this review, we collected a recent study aiming at the identification of EVs as a biomarker of ALS with respect to the size, quantity, and content of EVs in the biological fluids of patients compared to controls.
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26
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Ogbu D, Zhang Y, Claud K, Xia Y, Sun J. Target Metabolites to Slow Down Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Mice. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121253. [PMID: 36557291 PMCID: PMC9784240 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial metabolites affect the neuron system and muscle cell functions. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neuromuscular disease. Our previous study has demonstrated elevated intestinal inflammation and dysfunction of the microbiome in patients with ALS and an ALS mouse model (human-SOD1G93A transgenic mice). However, the metabolites in ALS progression are unknown. Using an unbiased global metabolomic measurement and targeted measurement, we investigated the longitudinal changes of fecal metabolites in SOD1G93A mice over the course of 13 weeks. We further compared the changes of metabolites and inflammatory response in age-matched wild-type (WT) and SOD1G93A mice treated with the bacterial product butyrate. We found changes in carbohydrate levels, amino acid metabolism, and the formation of gamma-glutamyl amino acids. Shifts in several microbially contributed catabolites of aromatic amino acids agree with butyrate-induced changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. Declines in gamma-glutamyl amino acids in feces may stem from differential expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in response to butyrate administration. Due to the signaling nature of amino acid-derived metabolites, these changes indicate changes in inflammation, e.g., histamine, and contribute to differences in systemic levels of neurotransmitters, e.g., γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. Butyrate treatment was able to restore some of the healthy metabolites in ALS mice. Moreover, microglia in the spinal cord were measured by IBA1 staining. Butyrate treatment significantly suppressed the IBA1 level in the SOD1G93A mice. Serum IL-17 and LPS were significantly reduced in the butyrate-treated SOD1G93A mice. We have demonstrated an inter-organ communications link among microbial metabolites, neuroactive metabolites from the gut, and inflammation in ALS progression. The study supports the potential to use metabolites as ALS hallmarks and for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiny Ogbu
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Katerina Claud
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.S.)
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.S.)
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27
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de Luna N, Carbayo Á, Dols-Icardo O, Turon-Sans J, Reyes-Leiva D, Illan-Gala I, Jericó I, Pagola-Lorz I, Lleixà C, Querol L, Rubio-Guerra S, Alcolea D, Fortea J, Lleó A, Cortés-Vicente E, Rojas-Garcia R. Neuroinflammation-Related Proteins NOD2 and Spp1 Are Abnormally Upregulated in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 10:10/2/e200072. [PMID: 36460480 PMCID: PMC9720732 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology and poorly understood pathophysiology. There is no specific biomarker either for diagnosis or prognosis. The aim of our study was to investigate differentially expressed proteins in the CSF and serum from patients with ALS to determine their role in the disease process and evaluate their utility as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. METHODS We performed mass spectrometry in the CSF from 3 patients with ALS and 3 healthy controls (HCs). The results were compared with motor cortex dysregulated transcripts obtained from 11patients with sporadic ALS and 8 HCs. Candidate proteins were tested using ELISA in the serum of 123 patients with ALS, 30 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), 28 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and 102 HCs. Patients with ALS, AD, and FTD were prospectively recruited from January 2003 to December 2020. A group of age-matched HCs was randomly selected from the Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration cohort of the Sant Pau Memory Unit. RESULTS Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) and osteopontin (Spp1) were differentially expressed in the CSF and the motor cortex transcriptome of patients with ALS compared with that in HCs (p < 0.05). NOD2 and Spp1 levels were significantly higher in sera from patients with ALS than in HCs (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.63 for NOD2 and 0.81 for Spp1. NOD2 levels were significantly lower in patients with AD and FTD than in patients with ALS (p < 0.0001), but we found no significant differences in Spp1 levels between patients with ALS, AD (p = 0.51), and FTD (p = 0.42). We found a negative correlation between Spp1 levels and ALS functional rating scale (r = -0.24, p = 0.009). DISCUSSION Our discovery-based approach identified NOD2 as a novel biomarker in ALS and adds evidence to the contribution of Spp1 in the disease process. Both proteins are involved in innate immunity and autophagy and are increased in the serum from patients with ALS. Our data support a relevant role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of the disease and may identify targets for disease-modifying treatments in ALS. Further longitudinal studies should investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of NOD2 and Spp1 in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí de Luna
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Álvaro Carbayo
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Oriol Dols-Icardo
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Janina Turon-Sans
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - David Reyes-Leiva
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Ignacio Illan-Gala
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Ivonne Jericó
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Inma Pagola-Lorz
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Cinta Lleixà
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Luis Querol
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Sara Rubio-Guerra
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Juan Fortea
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Alberto Lleó
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Elena Cortés-Vicente
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.)
| | - Ricardo Rojas-Garcia
- From the Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory (N.d.C., A.C., D.R.-L., C.L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant-Pau), Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (N.d.C., A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Madrid; Motor Neuron Diseases Clinic (A.C., J.T.-S., D.R.-L., L.Q., E.C.-V., R.R.-G.), Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Sant Pau Memory Unit (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (O.D.-I., I.I.-G., S.R.-G., D.A., J.F., A.L.), Madrid, Spain; and Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Diseases Research Group-Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdisNA) (I.J., I.P.-L.).
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Mueller M, Thompson R, Osman KL, Andel E, Dejonge C, Kington S, Stephenson Z, Hamad A, Bunyak F, Nichols NL, Lever TE. Impact of Limb Phenotype on Tongue Denervation Atrophy, Dysphagia Penetrance, and Survival Time in a Mouse Model of ALS. Dysphagia 2022; 37:1777-1795. [PMID: 35426522 PMCID: PMC9568622 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-022-10442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for dysphagia in ALS do not target the underlying tongue weakness and denervation atrophy that is prevalent in spinal and bulbar ALS cases. To address this clinical gap, we studied the low copy number SOD1-G93A (LCN-SOD1) mouse model of ALS to quantify the impact of limb phenotype on tongue denervation atrophy, dysphagia penetrance, and survival time in preparation for future treatment-based studies. Two male LCN-SOD1 breeders and 125 offspring were followed for limb phenotype inheritance, of which 52 (30 LCN-SOD1 and 22 wild-type/WT, both sexes) underwent characterization of dysphagia penetrance (via videofluoroscopic swallow study; VFSS) and survival time at disease end-stage (15-20% body weight loss). From these, 16 mice (8/genotype) underwent postmortem histological analysis of the genioglossus for evidence of denervation atrophy. Results revealed that both breeders displayed a mixed (hindlimb and forelimb) ALS phenotype and sired equal proportions of hindlimb vs. mixed phenotype offspring. Dysphagia penetrance was complete for mixed (100%) versus incomplete for hindlimb (64%) phenotype mice; yet survival times were similar. Regardless of limb phenotype, LCN-SOD1 mice had significantly smaller genioglossus myofibers and more centralized myonuclei compared to WT mice (p < 0.05). These biomarkers of denervation atrophy were significantly correlated with VFSS metrics (lick and swallow rates, p < 0.05) but not survival time. In conclusion, both LCN-SOD1 phenotypes had significant tongue denervation atrophy, even hindlimb phenotype mice without dysphagia. This finding recapitulates human ALS, providing robust rationale for using this preclinical model to explore targeted treatments for tongue denervation atrophy and ensuing dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate L. Osman
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ellyn Andel
- University of Missouri Students, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Hamad
- University of Missouri Students, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Filiz Bunyak
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri College of Engineering, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nicole L. Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Teresa E. Lever
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
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Alquati S, Ghirotto L, De Panfilis L, Autelitano C, Bertocchi E, Artioli G, Sireci F, Tanzi S, Sacchi S. Negotiating the Beginning of Care: A Grounded Theory Study of Health Services for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121623. [PMID: 36552083 PMCID: PMC9775577 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of professional figures are needed to preserve the quality of life of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This study aimed to explore the beginning of the care process as negotiated by people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, their caregivers, and healthcare professionals. We designed the study according to the constructivist Grounded Theory method, collecting data through open-ended, semi-structured interviews, employing theoretical sampling and constant comparison, and performing conceptual coding as data analysis. By naming the core category "off-beat interfacing", we were able to show how the demands of the professionals concerned did not correspond to the ability of people with ALS and their proxies to process information, deal with requests, and be at ease in making decisions at the beginning of the shared care pathway. Three categories were generated: (i) navigating different paths, (ii) offering and experiencing a standard, non-personalized pathway, and (iii) anticipating decisions. The network of services must be organized according to guidelines, but must also contemplate a patient-family-centered approach that permits more personalized assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alquati
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Ghirotto
- Qualitative Research Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Cristina Autelitano
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bertocchi
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Artioli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Sireci
- Neurology Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Tanzi
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Simona Sacchi
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Chakraborty A, Diwan A. Biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. AIMS Neurosci 2022; 9:423-443. [PMID: 36660079 PMCID: PMC9826749 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2022023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in adults involving non-demyelinating motor disorders. About 90% of ALS cases are sporadic, while 10-12% of cases are due to some genetic reasons. Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), TAR, c9orf72 (chromosome 9 open reading frame 72) and VAPB genes are commonly found in ALS patients. Therefore, the mechanism of ALS development involves oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, glutamate excitotoxicity and aggregation of proteins, neuro-inflammation and defective RNA function. Cholesterol and LDL/HDL levels are also associated with ALS development. As a result, sterols could be a suitable biomarker for this ailment. The main mechanisms of ALS development are reticulum stress, neuroinflammation and RNA metabolism. The multi-nature development of ALS makes it more challenging to pinpoint a treatment.
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Chauhan P, Wadhwa K, Singh G. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to evaluate neuroprotective potential of nano formulations. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1018754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of neurodegenerative illnesses on society is significant, but the mechanisms leading to neuronal malfunction and death in these conditions remain largely unknown despite identifying essential disease genes. To pinpoint the mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, several researchers have turned to nematode C. elegans instead of using mammals. Since C. elegans is transparent, free-living, and amenable to culture, it has several benefits. As a result, all the neurons in C. elegans can be easily identified, and their connections are understood. Human proteins linked to Neurodegeneration can be made to express in them. It is also possible to analyze how C. elegans orthologs of the genes responsible for human neurodegenerative diseases function. In this article, we focused at some of the most important C. elegans neurodegeneration models that accurately represent many elements of human neurodegenerative illness. It has been observed that studies using the adaptable C. elegans have helped us in better understanding of human diseases. These studies have used it to replicate several aspects of human neurodegeneration. A nanotech approach involves engineering materials or equipments interacting with biological systems at the molecular level to trigger physiological responses by increasing stimulation, responding, and interacting with target sites while minimizing side effects, thus revolutionizing the treatment and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Nanotechnologies are being used to treat neurological disorders and deliver nanoscale drugs. This review explores the current and future uses of these nanotechnologies as innovative therapeutic modalities in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using C elegans as an experimental model.
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Motataianu A, Serban G, Barcutean L, Balasa R. Oxidative Stress in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Synergy of Genetic and Environmental Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169339. [PMID: 36012603 PMCID: PMC9409178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a grievous neurodegenerative disease whose survival is limited to only a few years. In spite of intensive research to discover the underlying mechanisms, the results are fairly inconclusive. Multiple hypotheses have been regarded, including genetic, molecular, and cellular processes. Notably, oxidative stress has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in ALS pathogenesis. In addition to already recognized and exhaustively studied genetic mutations involved in oxidative stress production, exposure to various environmental factors (e.g., electromagnetic fields, solvents, pesticides, heavy metals) has been suggested to enhance oxidative damage. This review aims to describe the main processes influenced by the most frequent genetic mutations and environmental factors concurring in oxidative stress occurrence in ALS and the potential therapeutic molecules capable of diminishing the ALS related pro-oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Motataianu
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Georgiana Serban
- Doctoral School, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-0724-051-516
| | - Laura Barcutean
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Rodica Balasa
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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Davis LA, Fogarty MJ, Brown A, Sieck GC. Structure and Function of the Mammalian Neuromuscular Junction. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3731-3766. [PMID: 35950651 PMCID: PMC10461538 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ) comprises a presynaptic terminal, a postsynaptic receptor region on the muscle fiber (endplate), and the perisynaptic (terminal) Schwann cell. As with any synapse, the purpose of the NMJ is to transmit signals from the nervous system to muscle fibers. This neural control of muscle fibers is organized as motor units, which display distinct structural and functional phenotypes including differences in pre- and postsynaptic elements of NMJs. Motor units vary considerably in the frequency of their activation (both motor neuron discharge rate and duration/duty cycle), force generation, and susceptibility to fatigue. For earlier and more frequently recruited motor units, the structure and function of the activated NMJs must have high fidelity to ensure consistent activation and continued contractile response to sustain vital motor behaviors (e.g., breathing and postural balance). Similarly, for higher force less frequent behaviors (e.g., coughing and jumping), the structure and function of recruited NMJs must ensure short-term reliable activation but not activation sustained for a prolonged period in which fatigue may occur. The NMJ is highly plastic, changing structurally and functionally throughout the life span from embryonic development to old age. The NMJ also changes under pathological conditions including acute and chronic disease. Such neuroplasticity often varies across motor unit types. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:1-36, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A. Davis
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew J. Fogarty
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alyssa Brown
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gary C. Sieck
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Genotype-phenotype correlation in Tunisian patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 120:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tse NY, Tu S, Chen Y, Caga J, Dobson-Stone C, Kwok JB, Halliday GM, Ahmed RM, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Kiernan MC, Devenney EM. Schizotypal traits across the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia spectrum: pathomechanistic insights. J Neurol 2022; 269:4241-4252. [PMID: 35279757 PMCID: PMC9294025 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric presentations similar to that observed in primary psychiatric disorders are well described across the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD) spectrum. Despite this, schizotypal personality traits associated with increased risks of clinical psychosis development and poor psychosocial outcomes have never been examined. The current study aimed to provide the first exploration of schizotypal traits and its neural underpinnings in the ALS-FTD spectrum to gain insights into a broader spectrum of psychiatric overlap with psychiatric disorders. METHODS Schizotypal traits were assessed using the targeted Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire in 99 participants (35 behavioural variant FTD, 10 ALS-FTD and 37 ALS patients, and 17 age-, sex- and education-matched healthy controls). Voxel-based morphometry analysis of whole-brain grey matter volume was conducted. RESULTS Relative to controls, pervasive schizotypal personality traits across positive and negative schizotypy and disorganised thought disorders were identified in behavioural variant FTD, ALS (with the exception of negative schizotypy) and ALS-FTDALS-FTD patients (all p < .013), suggesting the presence of a wide spectrum of subclinical schizotypal symptoms beyond classic psychotic symptoms. Atrophy in frontal, anterior cingulate and insular cortices, and caudate and thalamus was involved in positive schizotypy, while integrity of the cerebellum was associated with disorganised thought disorder traits. CONCLUSIONS The frontal-striatal-limbic regions underpinning manifestation of schizotypy in the ALS-FTDALS-FTD spectrum are similar to that established in previous schizophrenia research. This finding expands the concept of a psychiatric overlap in ALS-FTD and schizophrenia, and suggests potentially common underlying mechanisms involving disruptions to frontal-striatal-limbic networks, warranting a transdiagnostic approach for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Yan Tse
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Sicong Tu
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jashelle Caga
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Carol Dobson-Stone
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Ahmed
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Emma M Devenney
- The Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney; and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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Murphy ER, Thompson R, Osman KL, Haxton C, Brothers M, Lee L, Warncke K, Smith CL, Keilholz AN, Hamad A, Golzy M, Bunyak F, Ma L, Nichols NL, Lever TE. A Strength Endurance Exercise Paradigm Mitigates Deficits in Hypoglossal-Tongue Axis Function, Strength, and Structure in a Rodent Model of Hypoglossal Motor Neuron Degeneration. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:869592. [PMID: 35844238 PMCID: PMC9279620 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.869592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue plays a crucial role in the swallowing process, and impairment can lead to dysphagia, particularly in motor neuron diseases (MNDs) resulting in hypoglossal-tongue axis degeneration (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and progressive bulbar palsy). This study utilized our previously established inducible rodent model of dysphagia due to targeted degeneration of the hypoglossal-tongue axis. This model was created by injecting cholera toxin B conjugated to saporin (CTB-SAP) into the genioglossus muscle of the tongue base for retrograde transport to the hypoglossal (XII) nucleus via the hypoglossal nerve, which provides the sole motor control of the tongue. Our goal was to investigate the effect of high-repetition/low-resistance tongue exercise on tongue function, strength, and structure in four groups of male rats: (1) control + sham exercise (n = 13); (2) control + exercise (n = 10); (3) CTB-SAP + sham exercise (n = 13); and (4) CTB-SAP + exercise (n = 12). For each group, a custom spout with adjustable lick force requirement for fluid access was placed in the home cage overnight on days 4 and 6 post-tongue injection. For the two sham exercise groups, the lick force requirement was negligible. For the two exercise groups, the lick force requirement was set to ∼40% greater than the maximum voluntary lick force for individual rats. Following exercise exposure, we evaluated the effect on hypoglossal-tongue axis function (via videofluoroscopy), strength (via force-lickometer), and structure [via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brainstem and tongue in a subset of rats]. Results showed that sham-exercised CTB-SAP rats had significant deficits in lick rate, swallow timing, and lick force. In exercised CTB-SAP rats, lick rate and lick force were preserved; however, swallow timing deficits persisted. MRI revealed corresponding degenerative changes in the hypoglossal-tongue axis that were mitigated by tongue exercise. These collective findings suggest that high-repetition/low-resistance tongue exercise in our model is a safe and effective treatment to prevent/diminish signs of hypoglossal-tongue axis degeneration. The next step is to leverage our rat model to optimize exercise dosing parameters and investigate corresponding treatment mechanisms of action for future translation to MND clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R. Murphy
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Rebecca Thompson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kate L. Osman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chandler Haxton
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Margaret Brothers
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Li Lee
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Division, Biomolecular Imaging Center, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kristen Warncke
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Division, Biomolecular Imaging Center, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Catherine L. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Amy N. Keilholz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Ali Hamad
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mojgan Golzy
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Filiz Bunyak
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lixin Ma
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Division, Biomolecular Imaging Center, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Nicole L. Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Nicole L. Nichols,
| | - Teresa E. Lever
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Teresa E. Lever,
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Critical roles of protein disulfide isomerases in balancing proteostasis in the nervous system. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102087. [PMID: 35654139 PMCID: PMC9253707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) constitute a family of oxidoreductases promoting redox protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum. PDIs catalyze disulfide bond formation, isomerization, and reduction, operating in concert with molecular chaperones to fold secretory cargoes in addition to directing misfolded proteins to be refolded or degraded. Importantly, PDIs are emerging as key components of the proteostasis network, integrating protein folding status with central surveillance mechanisms to balance proteome stability according to cellular needs. Recent advances in the field driven by the generation of new mouse models, human genetic studies, and omics methodologies, in addition to interventions using small molecules and gene therapy, have revealed the significance of PDIs to the physiology of the nervous system. PDIs are also implicated in diverse pathologies, ranging from neurodevelopmental conditions to neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic injuries. Here, we review the principles of redox protein folding in the ER with a focus on current evidence linking genetic mutations and biochemical alterations to PDIs in the etiology of neurological conditions.
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38
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Zhu Y, Li M, Zhang J, Huang X. Association Between C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:919031. [PMID: 35669191 PMCID: PMC9164009 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.919031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Until now, the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk has not been fully established. It is necessary to assess whether there is a causal relationship between C-reactive protein levels and ALS risk. Objective and Methods: We aimed to determine whether CRP has causal effects on risk of ALS. In this present study, summary-level data for ALS (20,806 cases and 59,804 controls) was obtained from large analyses of genome-wide association studies. For instrumental variables, 37 single nucleotide polymorphisms that had been previously identified to be related to CRP levels were used, including 4 SNPs of conservative CRP genetic variants and 33 SNPs of liberal CRP genetic variants. MR estimates were calculated using the inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO methods. Results: There was no significant causal relationship between genetically predicted CRP levels and ALS risk (OR = 1.123, 95% CI = 0.963-1.309, p = 0.139) and results for the conservative CRP instruments were consistent (OR = 0.964, 95% CI = 0.830-1.119, p = 0.628). Pleiotropic bias was not observed in this study. Conclusions: This study suggests that genetically predicted CRP levels may not be a causal risk factor for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mao Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xusheng Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tossing G, Livernoche R, Maios C, Bretonneau C, Labarre A, Parker JA. Genetic and pharmacological PARP inhibition reduces axonal degeneration in C. elegans models of ALS. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3313-3324. [PMID: 35594544 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal degeneration is observed in early stages of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This degeneration generally precedes apoptosis and therefore may be a promising therapeutic target. An increasing number of genes have been identified to actively regulate axonal degeneration and regeneration, however, only a few potential therapeutic targets have been identified in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we investigate DLK-1, a major axonal regeneration pathway and its contribution to axonal degeneration phenotypes in several C. elegans ALS models. From this pathway, we identified the PAR polymerases (PARP) PARP-1 and PARP-2 as the most consistent modifiers of axonal degeneration in our models of ALS. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 and PARP-2 reduces axonal degeneration and improves related motor phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Tossing
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Claudia Maios
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Constantin Bretonneau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Audrey Labarre
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - J Alex Parker
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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40
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Mejia AF, Koppelmans V, Jelsone-Swain L, Kalra S, Welsh RC. Longitudinal surface-based spatial Bayesian GLM reveals complex trajectories of motor neurodegeneration in ALS. Neuroimage 2022; 255:119180. [PMID: 35395402 PMCID: PMC9580623 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal fMRI studies hold great promise for the study of neurodegenerative diseases, development and aging, but realizing their full potential depends on extracting accurate fMRI-based measures of brain function and organization in individual subjects over time. This is especially true for studies of rare, heterogeneous and/or rapidly progressing neurodegenerative diseases. These often involve small samples with heterogeneous functional features, making traditional group-difference analyses of limited utility. One such disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a severe disease resulting in extreme loss of motor function and eventual death. Here, we use an advanced individualized task fMRI analysis approach to analyze a rich longitudinal dataset containing 190 hand clench fMRI scans from 16 ALS patients (78 scans) and 22 age-matched healthy controls (112 scans) Specifically, we adopt our cortical surface-based spatial Bayesian general linear model (GLM), which has high power and precision to detect activations in individual subjects, and propose a novel longitudinal extension to leverage information shared across visits. We perform all analyses in native surface space to preserve individua anatomical and functional features. Using mixed-effects models to subsequently study the relationship between size of activation and ALS disease progression, we observe for the first time an inverted U-shaped trajectory o motor activations: at relatively mild motor disability we observe enlarging activations, while at higher levels of motor disability we observe severely diminished activation, reflecting progression toward complete loss of motor function. We further observe distinct trajectories depending on clinical progression rate, with faster progressors exhibiting more extreme changes at an earlier stage of disability. These differential trajectories suggest that initial hyper-activation is likely attributable to loss of inhibitory neurons, rather than functional compensation as earlier assumed. These findings substantially advance scientific understanding of the ALS disease process. This study also provides the first real-world example of how surface-based spatial Bayesian analysis of task fMRI can further scientific understanding of neurodegenerative disease and other phenomena. The surface-based spatial Bayesian GLM is implemented in the BayesfMRI R package
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda F Mejia
- Department of Statistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | | | - Laura Jelsone-Swain
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, SC, USA
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Robert C Welsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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41
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New pathogenic insights from large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Protein Cell 2022; 13:707-720. [PMID: 35334073 PMCID: PMC9233730 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-022-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are essential for investigating the pathogenesis and developing the treatment of human diseases. Identification of genetic mutations responsible for neurodegenerative diseases has enabled the creation of a large number of small animal models that mimic genetic defects found in the affected individuals. Of the current animal models, rodents with genetic modifications are the most commonly used animal models and provided important insights into pathogenesis. However, most of genetically modified rodent models lack overt neurodegeneration, imposing challenges and obstacles in utilizing them to rigorously test the therapeutic effects on neurodegeneration. Recent studies that used CRISPR/Cas9-targeted large animal (pigs and monkeys) have uncovered important pathological events that resemble neurodegeneration in the patient’s brain but could not be produced in small animal models. Here we highlight the unique nature of large animals to model neurodegenerative diseases as well as the limitations and challenges in establishing large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, with focus on Huntington disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson diseases. We also discuss how to use the important pathogenic insights from large animal models to make rodent models more capable of recapitulating important pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Tu LF, Zhang TZ, Zhou YF, Zhou QQ, Gong HB, Liang L, Hai LN, You NX, Su Y, Chen YJ, Mo XK, Shi CZ, Luo LP, Sun WY, Duan WJ, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. GPX4 deficiency-dependent phospholipid peroxidation drives motor deficits of ALS. J Adv Res 2022; 43:205-218. [PMID: 36585109 PMCID: PMC9811330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by oxidative stress that triggers motor neurons loss in the brain and spinal cord. However, the mechanisms underlying the exact role of oxidative stress in ALS-associated neural degeneration are not definitively established. Oxidative stress-generated phospholipid peroxides are known to have extensive physiological and pathological consequences to tissues. Here, we discovered that the deficiency of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), an essential antioxidant peroxidase, led to the accumulation of phospholipid peroxides and resulted in a loss of motor neurons in spinal cords of ALS mice. Mutant human SOD1G93A transgenic mice were intrathecally injected with neuron-targeted adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GPX4 (GPX4-AAV) or phospholipid peroxidation inhibitor, ferrostatin-1. The results showed that impaired motor performance and neural loss induced by SOD1G93A toxicity in the lumbar spine were substantially alleviated by ferrostatin-1 treatment and AAV-mediated GPX4 delivery. In addition, the denervation of neuron-muscle junction and spinal atrophy in ALS mice were rescued by neural GPX4 overexpression, suggesting that GPX4 is essential for the motor neural maintenance and function. In comparison, conditional knockdown of Gpx4 in the spinal cords of Gpx4fl/fl mice triggered an obvious increase of phospholipid peroxides and the occurrence of ALS-like motor phenotype. Altogether, our findings underscore the importance of GPX4 in maintaining phospholipid redox homeostasis in the spinal cord and presents GPX4 as an attractive therapeutic target for ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fang Tu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tian-Ze Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Fan Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Qing Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Biao Gong
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Lin-Na Hai
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan-Xin You
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Su
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xu-Kai Mo
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liang-Ping Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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43
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Theoretical discrimination index of postural instability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2430. [PMID: 35165398 PMCID: PMC8844064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTo assess the usefulness of a theoretical postural instability discrimination index (PIth) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Prospective regression analyzes were performed to identify the biomechanical determinants of postural instability unrelated to lower limb motor deficits from gait initiation factors. PIth was constructed using a logit function of biomechanical determinants. Discriminatory performance and performance differences were tested. Backward displacement of the pression center (APAamplitude) and active vertical braking of the mass center (Braking-index) were the biomechanical determinants of postural instability. PIth = − 0.13 × APAamplitude − 0.12 × Braking-index + 5.67, (P < 0.0001, RSquare = 0.6119). OR (APAamplitude) and OR (Braking-index) were 0.878 and 0.887, respectively, i.e., for a decrease of 10 mm in APAamplitude or 10% in Braking-index, the postural instability risk was 11.391 or 11.274 times higher, respectively. PIth had the highest discriminatory performance (AUC 0.953) with a decision threshold value $$\ge$$
≥
0.587, a sensitivity of 90.91%, and a specificity of 83.87%, significantly increasing the sensitivity by 11.11%. PIth, as objective clinical integrator of gait initiation biomechanical processes significantly involved in dynamic postural control, was a reliable and performing discrimination index of postural instability with a significant increased sensitivity, and may be useful for a personalized approach to postural instability in ALS.
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Davidson JM, Chung RS, Lee A. The converging roles of sequestosome-1/p62 in the molecular pathways of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Neurobiol Dis 2022; 166:105653. [PMID: 35143965 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations into the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have provided significant insight into the disease. At the cellular level, ALS and FTD are classified as proteinopathies, which is motor neuron degeneration and death characterized by pathological protein aggregates or dysregulated proteostasis. At both the clinical and molecular level there are common signaling pathways dysregulated across the ALS and FTD spectrum (ALS/FTD). Sequestosome-1/p62 is a multifunctional scaffold protein with roles in several signaling pathways including proteostasis, protein degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system and autophagy, the antioxidant response, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. Notably these pathways are dysregulated in ALS and FTD. Mutations in the functional domains of p62 provide links to the pathogenetic mechanisms of p62 and dyshomeostasis of p62 levels is noted in several types of ALS and FTD. We present here that the dysregulated ALS and FTD signaling pathways are linked, with p62 converging the molecular mechanisms. This review summarizes the current literature on the complex role of p62 in the pathogenesis across the ALS/FTD spectrum. The focus is on the underlying convergent molecular mechanisms of ALS and FTD-associated proteins and pathways that dysregulate p62 levels or are dysregulated by p62, with emphasis on how p62 is implicated across the ALS/FTD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennilee M Davidson
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, NSW 2109, Australia..
| | - Roger S Chung
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, NSW 2109, Australia..
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, NSW 2109, Australia..
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45
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Zhang L, Zhuang Z, Zhang G, Huang T, Fan D. Assessment of bidirectional relationships between 98 genera of the human gut microbiota and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a 2-sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:8. [PMID: 34979977 PMCID: PMC8721912 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests a mutual interaction between gut microbiome alterations and ALS pathogenesis. However, previous studies were susceptible to potential confounding factors and reverse causation bias, likely leading to inconsistent and biased results. OBJECTIVES To decipher the potentially mutual relationship between gut microbiota and ALS, we used a bidirectional two-sample MR approach to examine the associations between the gut microbiome and ALS. RESULTS Using the inverse variance-weighted method, OTU10032 unclassified Enterobacteriaceae species-level OTU and unclassified Acidaminococcaceae were associated with a higher risk of ALS (per relative abundance: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07; P = 0.011 and OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; P = 0.009, respectively). Importantly, Gamma-Glu-Phe was showed potential deleterious effects on the risk of ALS (genetically predicted per a 1-standard deviation increase in the level of Gamma-Glu-Phe: OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.50-2.55; P = 0.012). Sensitivity analysis of the two candidate genera and metabolites using the MR-Egger and weighted-median methods produced similar estimates, and no horizontal pleiotropy or outliers were observed. Intriguingly, genetically predicted ALS was associated with an increase in the relative abundance of OTU4607_Sutterella (per 1-unit higher log odds: β, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.27-3.18; P = 0.020) and Lactobacillales_ORDER (per 1-unit higher log odds: β, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.09-0.94; P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel evidence supporting the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and ALS. These results may contribute to designing microbiome- and microbiome-dependent metabolite interventions in future ALS clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
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46
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Dhasmana S, Dhasmana A, Narula AS, Jaggi M, Yallapu MM, Chauhan SC. The panoramic view of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A fatal intricate neurological disorder. Life Sci 2022; 288:120156. [PMID: 34801512 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neurological disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. In the United States alone, there are 16,000-20,000 established cases of ALS. The early disease diagnosis is challenging due to many overlapping pathophysiologies with other neurological diseases. The etiology of ALS is unknown; however, it is divided into two categories: familial ALS (fALS) which occurs due to gene mutations & contributes to 5-10% of ALS, and sporadic ALS (sALS) which is due to environmental factors & contributes to 90-95% of ALS. There is still no curative treatment for ALS: palliative care and symptomatic treatment are therefore essential components in the management of these patients. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of ALS, which includes epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiologies, biomarkers, diagnosis, therapeutics (natural, synthetic, gene-based, pharmacological, stem cell, extracellular vesicles, and physical therapy), controversies (in the clinical trials of ALS), the scope of nanomedicine in ALS, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Acharan S Narula
- Narula Research LLC, 107 Boulder Bluff, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA.
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47
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Marques RF, Duncan KE. SYNGR4 and PLEKHB1 deregulation in motor neurons of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models: potential contributions to pathobiology. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:266-270. [PMID: 34269186 PMCID: PMC8463983 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.317960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common adult-onset neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Its defining feature is progressive loss of motor neuron function in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord, leading to paralysis and death. Despite major advances in identifying genes that can cause disease when mutated and model the disease in animals and cellular models, it still remains unclear why motor symptoms suddenly appear after a long pre-symptomatic phase of apparently normal function. One hypothesis is that age-related deregulation of specific proteins within key cell types, especially motor neurons themselves, initiates disease symptom appearance and may also drive progressive degeneration. Genome-wide in vivo cell-type-specific screening tools are enabling identification of candidates for such proteins. In this minireview, we first briefly discuss the methodology used in a recent study that applied a motor neuron-specific RNA-Seq screening approach to a standard model of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43)-driven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A key finding of this study is that synaptogyrin-4 and pleckstrin homology domain-containing family B member 1 are also deregulated at the protein level within motor neurons of two unrelated mouse models of mutant TDP-43 driven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Guided by what is known about molecular and cellular functions of these proteins and their orthologs, we outline here specific hypotheses for how changes in their levels might potentially alter cellular physiology of motor neurons and detrimentally affect motor neuron function. Where possible, we also discuss how this information could potentially be used in a translational context to develop new therapeutic strategies for this currently incurable, devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita F Marques
- Neuronal Translational Control Research Group, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg,, Germany
| | - Kent E Duncan
- Neuronal Translational Control Research Group, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg,, Germany
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48
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AIM in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Artif Intell Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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Iadanza E, Fabbri R, Goretti F, Nardo G, Niccolai E, Bendotti C, Amedei A. Machine learning for analysis of gene expression data in fast- and slow-progressing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis murine models. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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50
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Yang W, Chen X, Li S, Li XJ. Genetically modified large animal models for investigating neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:218. [PMID: 34933675 PMCID: PMC8690884 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a large group of neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. Although this group of diseases show heterogeneous clinical and pathological phenotypes, they share important pathological features characterized by the age-dependent and progressive degeneration of nerve cells that is caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. The association of genetic mutations with neurodegeneration diseases has enabled the establishment of various types of animal models that mimic genetic defects and have provided important insights into the pathogenesis. However, most of genetically modified rodent models lack the overt and selective neurodegeneration seen in the patient brains, making it difficult to use the small animal models to validate the effective treatment on neurodegeneration. Recent studies of pig and monkey models suggest that large animals can more faithfully recapitulate pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the important differences in animal models for modeling pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to assist the use of animal models to better understand the pathogenesis and to develop effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xiusheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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