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Yadav BK, Maskey S, Bhattarai A, Pradhananga S, Shakya S, Regmi A. Association of serum homocysteine with vitamin B12 and folate levels in women with pre-eclampsia in a tertiary health care center in Nepal. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:451. [PMID: 39123143 PMCID: PMC11311945 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia is a syndrome that chiefly includes the development of new-onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Nepal. Hyperhomocysteinemia may be a cause of the endothelial dysfunction provoked by oxidative stress in pre-eclampsia. This study was designed to evaluate the association of homocysteine with Vitamin B12 and folate in patients with pre-eclampsia. METHOD An observational cross sectional study was performed in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of TUTH involving seventy two subjects with pre-eclampsia. Blood pressure, urinary protein levels, serum homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and folate levels were compared in both mild and severe forms of pre-eclampsia. Concentration of Vitamin B12 and folate were measured using Vitros ECI and homocysteine was measured using CLIA. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the data. Tests were performed with Mann Whitney Test and Spearman's rank correlation test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS This study showed no significant difference in age and weeks of gestation in both mild and severe forms of pre-eclampsia. Mean concentration of homocysteine was higher (13.1 ± 6.4 micromol/L) in severe Pre-eclampsia as compared to mild cases (7.6 ± 2.8 micromol/L). Mean concentration of folate was lower in severe cases (35.4 ± 24.1 micromol/L) when compared with mild cases of pre-eclampsia (57 ± 23.4 micromol/L). CONCLUSION Homocysteine levels were increased in severe Pre-eclampsia when compared with mild pre-eclampsia and this finding can be used to predict and prevent complications in patients with pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Kumar Yadav
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suvana Maskey
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Aseem Bhattarai
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Salina Pradhananga
- Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Sabina Shakya
- Kathmandu Path Lab and Diagnostic Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
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2
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Fadiloglu E, Donmez HG, Beksac K, Beksac MS. Impact of Increased Activated Protein-C Resistance, Decreased Antithrombin III Activity and Hypocomplementemia on the Gestational Outcomes of Pregnancies with MTHFR Polymorphisms. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:434-440. [PMID: 37579788 DOI: 10.1055/a-2134-6452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of increased Activated Protein C (APC) resistance, decreased antithrombin III activity and hypocomplementemia on the pregnancy outcomes of the patients with methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. METHODS This study was composed of 83 pregnancies with MTHFR polymorphisms. Increased APC resistance, decreased antithrombin III activity and hypocomplementemia were accepted as risk factors for poor gestational outcome. RESULTS Having at least one risk factor resulted in significantly higher rates of "APGAR score of<7" at the first ten minutes (p=0.009). Composite adverse outcome rate was also higher in patients with at least one of the defined risk factors despite lack of statistical significance (p=0.241). Rate of newborn with an "APGAR score of<7" at first ten minutes was significantly higher at patients with hypocomplementemia (p=0.03). CONCLUSION Hypocomplementemia is a risk factor for poor gestational outcome in pregnancies with MTHFR polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Fadiloglu
- Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Beksac
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Onkoloji Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Wartena R, Matjila M. Polycystic ovary syndrome and recurrent pregnancy loss, a review of literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1183060. [PMID: 38027110 PMCID: PMC10643146 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1183060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective PCOS is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. Several correlating factors have been investigated that influence the risk of pregnancy loss in PCOS. However, uncertainty remains about their contribution to pregnancy loss and prognosis. This review of literature aims to identify what is known and what requires further investigation on the relationship between PCOS and recurrent pregnancy loss, to guide future research and optimize medical guidance throughout pregnancy. Study design a review of literature was performed on several search engines using the following terms; polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS, recurrent pregnancy loss, recurrent miscarriage, RPL, aborted fetus, abortus provocatus, miscarriage and habitual abortion. Results 37 articles were included; 3 systematic reviews, 1 meta-analysis, 2 randomized controlled trials, 6 prospective cohort studies, 22 case-control studies and 3 case series. The main objectives investigated by studies were pregnancy complications, pregnancy loss and live birth in the PCOS population. Conclusion Studies that investigated the relationship between PCOS and recurrent pregnancy loss are few and inconsistent and warrant further research. Factors apt for further investigation include the extent to which PCOS phenotypes, BMI, obesity, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, SHBG, hs-CRP, CTRP6, adiponectin, plasma leptin, homocysteine, AMH and thrombophilia contribute to further risk of miscarriage. Other factors requiring further exploration in relation to risk for miscarriage in PCOS patient with RPL include sOB-R, PAI-Fx and the Factor-V-Leiden mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Wartena
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Arutjunyan AV, Kerkeshko GO, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Zalozniaia IV, Mikhel AV, Inozemtseva DB, Vasilev DS, Kovalenko AA, Kogan IY. Imbalance of Angiogenic and Growth Factors in Placenta in Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:262-279. [PMID: 37072327 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that various adverse factors of different nature and action mechanisms have similar negative influence on placental angiogenesis, resulting in insufficiency of placental blood supply. One of the risk factors for pregnancy complications with placental etiology is an increased level of homocysteine in the blood of pregnant women. However, the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the development of the placenta and, in particular, on the formation of its vascular network is at present poorly understood. The aim of this work was to study the effect of maternal HHcy on the expression of angiogenic and growth factors (VEGF-A, MMP-2, VEGF-B, BDNF, NGF), as well as their receptors (VEGFR-2, TrkB, p75NTR), in the rat placenta. The effects of HHcy were studied in the morphologically and functionally different maternal and fetal parts of the placenta on the 14th and 20th day of pregnancy. The maternal HHcy caused increase in the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis markers accompanied by an imbalance of the studied angiogenic and growth factors in the maternal and/or fetal part of the placenta. The influence of maternal HHcy in most cases manifested in a decrease in the protein content (VEGF-A), enzymatic activity (MMP-2), gene expression (VEGFB, NGF, TRKB), and accumulation of precursor form (proBDNF) of the investigated factors. In some cases, the effects of HHcy differed depending on the placental part and stage of development. The influence of maternal HHcy on signaling pathways and processes controlled by the studied angiogenic and growth factors could lead to incomplete development of the placental vasculature and decrease in the placental transport, resulting in fetal growth restriction and impaired fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Yulia P Milyutina
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Anastasiia D Shcherbitskaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V Mikhel
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Daria B Inozemtseva
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Vasilev
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Anna A Kovalenko
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Igor Yu Kogan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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5
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Parthasarathy S, Soundararajan P, Sakthivelu M, Karuppiah KM, Velusamy P, Gopinath SC, Pachaiappan R. The role of prognostic biomarkers and their implications in early detection of preeclampsia: A systematic review. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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6
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Capatina N, Burton GJ, Yung HW. Elevated homocysteine activates unfolded protein responses and causes aberrant trophoblast differentiation and mouse blastocyst development. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15467. [PMID: 36117391 PMCID: PMC9483615 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia may arise from folate/vitamin B12 deficiency, genetic polymorphisms, kidney disease, or hypothyroidism. It is associated with an increased risk of early pregnancy loss and placenta-related complications of pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. While the majority of studies of hyperhomocysteinemia focus on epigenetic changes secondary to metabolic disruption, the effects of homocysteine toxicity on placental development remain unexplored. Here, we investigated the influence of hyperhomocysteinemia on early blastocyst development and trophoblast differentiation. Exposure of cultured blastocysts to high homocysteine levels reduces cell number in the trophectoderm layer, most likely through increased apoptosis. Homocysteine also promotes differentiation of a trophoblast stem cell line. Both effects diminish the stem cell pool, and are mediated in an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRER )-dependent manner. Targeted alleviation of UPRER may therefore provide a new therapeutic intervention to improve pregnancy outcome in women with hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Capatina
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Graham J. Burton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Hong Wa Yung
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Clinical NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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7
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Milyutina YP, Arutjunyan AV, Shcherbitskaia AD, Zalozniaia IV. The Effect of Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Content of Neurotrophins in Brain Structures of Pregnant Rats. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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The Impact of Preconception Gastric Bypass Surgery on Maternal Micronutrient Status before and during Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study in the Netherlands between 2009 and 2019. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040736. [PMID: 35215386 PMCID: PMC8876006 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-bariatric weight loss can cause iatrogenic malnutrition and micronutrient depletion. In this study, we evaluated the impact of gastric bypass surgery (GB) and multivitamin supplement use on maternal micronutrient status before and across pregnancy. A retrospective medical chart review of 197 singleton pregnancies after GB with a due date between 2009 and 2019 was performed at a bariatric expertise center in the Netherlands. Hemoglobin, calcium, iron status, folate, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were determined before and after GB during standard follow-up and at all gestational trimesters and analyzed using linear mixed models. Patients were prescribed standard multivitamin supplements or multivitamins specifically developed for post-bariatric patients (FitForMe WLS Forte (FFM)). Overall, hemoglobin and calcium levels decreased after surgery and during pregnancy, whereas folate, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 levels increased, and iron levels remained stable. FFM use was associated with higher hemoglobin, folate, vitamin D, and ferritin levels. In conclusion, through adequate supplementation and follow-up, GB does not have to result in impaired micronutrient status. Supplements developed specifically for post-bariatric patients generally result in higher micronutrient values than regular multivitamins before and during pregnancy. These data emphasize the urgent need for nutritional counseling including dietary and multivitamin supplement advise for post-bariatric women contemplating and during pregnancy.
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9
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Gözüküçük M, Gürsoy AY, Destegül E, Taşkın S, Şatıroğlu H. Homocysteine and C-reactive Protein Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 2021; 10:210-214. [PMID: 34909377 PMCID: PMC8613488 DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_30_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in infertile women characterized by both reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions of different degrees. Furthermore, it has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and related long-term health sequela. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in women with PCOS and to evaluate their relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: The prospective single-center study included 45 women with PCOS (study group) and 41 control subjects. Demographic variables and Hcy, CRP, fasting blood glucose, insulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and lipid profiles of the subjects were recorded. homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indexes were calculated. Results: Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, free and total testosterone levels, and clinical hirsutism were significantly higher in the study group. There was no statistically significant difference in lipid profile between groups. Hcy and CRP levels were higher in the study group, which was not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Some of the parameters that are correlated with CVD risk were found to be higher in women with PCOS, although the difference for Hcy and CRP did not reach statistical significance. However, the current study reveals that the CVD risk associated with PCOS deserves more comprehensive prospective studies with long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gözüküçük
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslı Yarcı Gürsoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adana City Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Emre Destegül
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ufuk University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Taşkın
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Şatıroğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
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10
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Yamauchi T, Ochi D, Matsukawa N, Saigusa D, Ishikuro M, Obara T, Tsunemoto Y, Kumatani S, Yamashita R, Tanabe O, Minegishi N, Koshiba S, Metoki H, Kuriyama S, Yaegashi N, Yamamoto M, Nagasaki M, Hiyama S, Sugawara J. Machine learning approaches to predict gestational age in normal and complicated pregnancies via urinary metabolomics analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17777. [PMID: 34493809 PMCID: PMC8423760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97342-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The elucidation of dynamic metabolomic changes during gestation is particularly important for the development of methods to evaluate pregnancy status or achieve earlier detection of pregnancy-related complications. Some studies have constructed models to evaluate pregnancy status and predict gestational age using omics data from blood biospecimens; however, less invasive methods are desired. Here we propose a model to predict gestational age, using urinary metabolite information. In our prospective cohort study, we collected 2741 urine samples from 187 healthy pregnant women, 23 patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and 14 patients with spontaneous preterm birth. Using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we identified 184 urinary metabolites that showed dynamic systematic changes in healthy pregnant women according to gestational age. A model to predict gestational age during normal pregnancy progression was constructed; the correlation coefficient between actual and predicted weeks of gestation was 0.86. The predicted gestational ages of cases with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy exhibited significant progression, compared with actual gestational ages. This is the first study to predict gestational age in normal and complicated pregnancies by using urinary metabolite information. Minimally invasive urinary metabolomics might facilitate changes in the prediction of gestational age in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Yamauchi
- grid.419819.c0000 0001 2184 8682X-Tech Development Department, NTT DOCOMO, INC, 3-6 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8536 Japan
| | - Daisuke Ochi
- grid.419819.c0000 0001 2184 8682X-Tech Development Department, NTT DOCOMO, INC, 3-6 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8536 Japan
| | - Naomi Matsukawa
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Mami Ishikuro
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Taku Obara
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsunemoto
- grid.419819.c0000 0001 2184 8682X-Tech Development Department, NTT DOCOMO, INC, 3-6 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8536 Japan
| | - Satsuki Kumatani
- grid.419819.c0000 0001 2184 8682X-Tech Development Department, NTT DOCOMO, INC, 3-6 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8536 Japan
| | - Riu Yamashita
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577 Japan
| | - Osamu Tanabe
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.418889.40000 0001 2198 115XRadiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0815 Japan
| | - Naoko Minegishi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.412755.00000 0001 2166 7427Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-0905 Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza-Aoba 468-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8572 Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Masao Nagasaki
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto 606-8507 Japan ,grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiyama
- grid.419819.c0000 0001 2184 8682X-Tech Development Department, NTT DOCOMO, INC, 3-6 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8536 Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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11
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Snoek KM, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Klaassen RA, Laven JSE, Schoenmakers S. Impact of Bariatric surgery on EmbrYONic, fetal and placental Development (BEYOND): protocol for a prospective cohort study embedded in the Rotterdam periconceptional cohort. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051110. [PMID: 34475184 PMCID: PMC8413945 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The worldwide obesity epidemic has resulted in a rise of bariatric surgery in women of reproductive age, which can lead to 'iatrogenic undernutrition'. Long-lasting undernutrition can affect maternal health, pregnancy outcomes and offspring. We hypothesise that embryonic and placental growth are impaired in pregnancies after bariatric surgery due to the changed nutritional and microbiome dynamics. Therefore, our aim is to conduct the Bariatrics and EmbrYONic Development (BEYOND) study to investigate parameters of maternal nutritional and health status after bariatric surgery, both periconceptionally and during pregnancy, particularly concentrating on embryonic and fetal growth trajectories as well as placental development. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We designed a single-centre prospective, observational cohort, which investigates the iatrogenic nutritional and health status of women after bariatric surgery, periconceptionally and during pregnancy. The BEYOND study is embedded in the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort, a tertiary hospital-based birth cohort study. Eligible participants are women planning pregnancy or <12+0 weeks pregnant, ≥18 and ≤45 years of age, who have undergone bariatric surgery (cases) or without prior bariatric surgery (controls) and their male partners. Medical charts will be reviewed and questionnaires regarding general health, lifestyle and food intake will be collected. Moreover, we will perform serial three-dimensional ultrasounds to assess embryonic growth and placental development and two-dimensional ultrasounds for fetal growth assessment. The microbiome, including the virome, and blood samples will be sampled during the preconception period and in each trimester. Multivariable linear mixed model analyses will be used to assess the associations between bariatric surgery and pregnancy outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This proposal was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee from the Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Study results will be submitted for publication in high-impact journals, presented at scientific conferences, implemented into guidelines and communicated through the Erasmus MC and collaborating partners. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NL8217 (www.trialregister.nl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka M Snoek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - René A Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Schoenmakers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Snoek KM, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Hazebroek EJ, Willemsen SP, Galjaard S, Laven JSE, Schoenmakers S. The effects of bariatric surgery on periconception maternal health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27:1030-1055. [PMID: 34387675 PMCID: PMC8542997 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age is increasing. Bariatric surgery is currently viewed as the most effective, long-term solution for this problem. Preconception bariatric surgery can reduce the prevalence of obesity-related subfertility and adverse maternal, pregnancy and birth outcomes. Maternal health during the periconception period is crucial for optimal gametogenesis and for embryonic and fetal development which also affects health in the later lives of both mother and offspring. Although preconception bariatric surgery improves several pregnancy outcomes, it can also increase the prevalence of pregnancy complications due to excessive and rapid weight loss. This can lead to iatrogenic malnutrition with vitamin deficiencies and derangements in metabolic and endocrine homeostasis. Thus, bariatric surgery can greatly influence periconception maternal health with consequences for reproduction, pregnancy and health in later life. However, its influence on periconception maternal health itself has never been reviewed systematically. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this review was to investigate associations between bariatric surgery and determinants of periconception maternal health such as endocrine changes, fertility, vitamin status, irregular menstrual cycles, miscarriages and congenital malformations. SEARCH METHODS Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and the Cochrane databases were used for the literature search until 1 November 2020. The search strategy terms included, among others, bariatric surgery, hormones, fertility, malformations, miscarriages and vitamin status. We searched for human studies that were written in English. Abstracts, reviews, meta-analyses and conference papers were excluded. The ErasmusAGE score was used to assess the quality of the included studies. OUTCOMES A total of 51 articles were analysed. The mean quality score was 5 (range 2-8). After bariatric surgery, hormonal axes normalized and menstrual cycle regularity was restored, resulting in increased fertility. Overall, there were no short-term risks for reproductive outcomes such as the increased risk of miscarriages or congenital malformations. However, the risk of vitamin deficiencies was generally increased after bariatric surgery. A meta-analysis of 20 studies showed a significant decrease in infertility (risk difference (RD) -0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.42, -0.05) and menstrual cycle irregularities (RD -0.24, 95% CI -0.34, -0.15) with no difference in rates of miscarriage (RD 0.00, 95% CI -0.09, 0.10) and congenital malformations (RD 0.01, 95% CI -0.02, 0.03). WIDER IMPLICATIONS The current systematic review and meta-analysis show associations between bariatric surgery and periconception maternal health and underlines the need for providing and personalizing preconception care for women after bariatric surgery. We recommend preconception care including the recommendation of postponing pregnancy until weight loss has stabilized, irrespective of the surgery-to-pregnancy interval, and until vitamin status is normalized. Therefore, regular monitoring of vitamin status and vitamin supplementation to restore deficiencies is recommended. Furthermore, this systematic review emphasizes the need for a long-term follow-up research of these women from the periconception period onwards as well as their pregnancies and offspring, to further improve care and outcomes of these mothers and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka M Snoek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sten P Willemsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre , Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Galjaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Schoenmakers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Arutjunyan AV, Kerkeshko GO, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Zalozniaia IV. Prenatal Stress in Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia: Impairments in the Fetal Nervous System Development and Placental Function. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:716-728. [PMID: 34225594 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921060092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The article presents current views on maternal hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) as an important factor causing prenatal stress and impaired nervous system development in fetuses and newborns in early ontogenesis, as well as complications in adulthood. Experimental data demonstrate that prenatal HHcy (PHHcy) affects the morphological maturation of the brain and activity of its neurotransmitter systems. Cognitive deficit observed in the offspring subjected to PHHcy in experimental studies can presumably cause the predisposition to various neurodegenerative diseases, as the role of maternal HHcy in the pathogenesis such diseases has been proven in clinical studies. The review also discusses molecular mechanisms of the HHcy neurotoxic action on the nervous system development in the prenatal and early postnatal periods, which include oxidative stress, apoptosis activation, changes in the DNA methylation patterns and microRNA levels, altered expression and processing of neurotrophins, and neuroinflammation induced by an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Special attention is given to the maternal HHcy impact on the placenta function and its possible contribution to the brain function impairments in the offspring. Published data suggest that some effects of PHHcy on the developing fetal brain can be due to the disturbances in the transport functions of the placenta resulting in an insufficient supply of nutrients necessary for the proper formation and functioning of brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O.Ott, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia. .,St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Yuliya P Milyutina
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O.Ott, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasiia D Shcherbitskaia
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O.Ott, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.,Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 104223, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O.Ott, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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Reynolds LJ, Twiddy HM, Mlynarczyk M, Wilson PB. The association of physical activity on homocysteine in pregnant women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:7073-7080. [PMID: 34162283 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1941855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with high levels of physical activity have improved pregnancy, labor, and delivery outcomes related to cardiovascular health. Hyperhomocysteinemia, which predicts cardiovascular disease risk, is associated with maternal vascular complications during pregnancy, such as placental abruption and preeclampsia. However, studies are lacking on whether physical activity impacts homocysteine in pregnant women, pointing to a potential mechanism behind the improved cardiovascular health in women who exercise during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine if women with high levels of physical activity have lower levels of homocysteine compared to women with low levels of physical activity. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis using data from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 257 pregnant women were included. Physical activity was assessed objectively over seven days with accelerometers. High and low groups based on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and steps/day were defined. Homocysteine and related laboratory biomarkers (vitamin B12, folate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate) were assessed through blood draws. Data assembly was performed using SAS and analysis via SPSS Complex Samples. RESULTS Only an estimated 17.7 ± 4.7% of women met guidelines to achieve at least 150 min per week of MVPA. Plasma homocysteine was not different between pregnant women with high and low levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (4.39 ± 0.21 and 4.44 ± 0.17 µmol/L; p > .05) or between those with high and low levels of steps (3.95 ± 0.26 and 4.62 ± 0.27 µmol/L; p > .05) when the data was split into two quantiles by the median. These results were similar when using log-transformed values for homocysteine to normalize the distribution of data. Pregnant women in the group of the high steps tended to have higher vitamin B12, folate, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate than those in the group of the low steps. Sensitivity analyses revealed that homocysteine was not different between the upper 25% (4.04 ± 0.22 µmol/L) and lower 25% (4.17 ± 0.26 µmol/L) MVPA (p = .716) but that it was statistically higher in the low (<5000 steps/day) (4.99 ± 0.20 µmol/L) steps/day group compared to high (>7500 steps/day) steps/day (3.99 ± 0.23 µmol/L) (p = .003) after excluding individuals with hypertension and thyroid/kidney issues. CONCLUSION Maternal steps/day, but not MVPA, appear to be associated with homocysteine (albeit weakly) in the present study after excluding potential factors which impact homocysteine. The volume of physical activity appears to be an important indicator as this difference was not revealed until the physical activity was more distinctly separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leryn J Reynolds
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Hannah M Twiddy
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Malgorzata Mlynarczyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Patrick B Wilson
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Effect of polymorphisms of MTHFR in controlled ovarian stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2237-2249. [PMID: 34032987 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several studies have reported a potential impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms on controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), the results remain controversial. The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of MTHFR polymorphism on COS outcomes. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched up to December 2, 2020. COS clinical outcomes based on gene polymorphisms were included. Two reviewers independently extracted the data. The primary outcome was the number of oocytes retrieved. The secondary outcomes were the number of metaphase II (MII) oocytes, stimulation duration, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, FSH dosage, positive pregnancy test, ongoing pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate. Meta-analysis was performed using a fixed-effect model or random-effect model with Review Man 5.3.5. Mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) was calculated for continuous outcomes. The quality assessment of included studies was evaluated by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Eleven studies were included in the systematic review, and seven studies with 2015 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Basal FSH level was significantly lower in CC homozygotes than TT homozygotes (four studies, 867 participants, MD - 0.54, 95%CI - 0.85 to - 0.23, P = 0.0006; I2 = 0%) of MTHFR (rs1801133). FSH dose was significantly fewer in CC homozygotes compared with CT heterogeneous (three studies, 949 participants, MD - 75.78, 95%CI - 135.23 to - 16.33, P = 0.01; I2 = 32%) or CT/TT model (three studies, 1097 participants, MD - 80.18, 95%CI - 135.54 to - 24.81, P = 0.005; I2 = 42%). Differences in the oocytes retrieved and stimulation duration were insignificant. Gene variants on MTHFR (rs1801133) and MTHFR (rs1801131) were reported in ongoing pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate. CONCLUSION Studies to date indicate that polymorphisms of MTHFR could influence basal FSH level and FSH dose. The results could be useful to promote clinical practice on COS protocols. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the multigene combination on COS.
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Chen L, Chen H, Wang X, Wei B, Wu Z, Chen S, Wang B, Huang H, Jin L. Association of homocysteine with IVF/ICSI outcomes stratified by MTHFR C677T polymorphisms: a prospective cohort study. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 43:52-61. [PMID: 34016520 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the association between homocysteine (Hcy) and IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes, stratified by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphisms? DESIGN This prospective cohort study recruited 1011 infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment for the first time at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital between June 2015 and March 2018. RESULTS The concentration of total serum Hcy was significantly negatively associated with clinical pregnancy and implantation rate. When adjusted for maternal and paternal age and educational level, maternal body mass index, and FSH and oestradiol concentrations, logistic regression analysis showed that women with higher Hcy had a higher risk of unsuccessful pregnancy. After stratification by MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and adjustment for confounding factors, a higher risk of unsuccessful pregnancy and a significantly lower implantation rate only existed in women with higher Hcy concentration in the MTHFR C677T TT genotype. There was no significant association between Hcy concentrations and other ovarian stimulation outcomes (oocytes retrieved, metaphase II stage oocytes, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high-quality embryo rate) or neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, gestational age at delivery, Caesarean section, birthweight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age or birth defects). CONCLUSIONS Hcy is highly negatively associated with clinical pregnancy and implantation rate during the first IVF/ICSI cycle, especially in women carrying the MTHFR C677T TT genotype. Other factors with impacts on reproductive outcomes, such as stage of embryo transferred, other factors involved in folate metabolism, preimplantation genetic testing, etc., should be taken into account in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huixi Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaojin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bing Wei
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhengmu Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Songchang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bingshun Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai 200030, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Li Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Mohammadi S, Eini F, Bazarganipour F, Taghavi SA, Kutenaee MA. The effect of Myo-inositol on fertility rates in poor ovarian responder in women undergoing assisted reproductive technique: a randomized clinical trial. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:61. [PMID: 33892722 PMCID: PMC8063404 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor ovarian response to gonadotropin is a significant challenge in assisted reproductive technique (ART) and affect 9-24% of ART cycles. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Myo-inositol on fertility rates in poor ovarian responder women undergoing assisted reproductive technique. METHODS This study is a double-blinded randomized controlled study that involved 60 poor ovarian responders included in an ICSI program and divided into two groups; intervention group: 30 patients who have been assuming Inofolic (4 g myo-inositol + 400 μg folic acid) for the before the enrollment day; control group: 30 patients assuming folic acid (400 μg) for the same period. Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed in the same manner in the two groups. The main outcomeswere the assessment of oocytes retrievednumber and quality, ovarian sensitivity index,required dose of Gonadotropinsunits × 1000), fertilization rate, biochemical, and clinical pregnancy rate. RESULT There is no significant difference in clinical characteristics between study groups. The number of oocytes retrieved, number of MII oocytes, number of embryos transferred, chemical, and clinical pregnancy were higher in the intervention group. However, they are not statistically significant in comparison to the control group. The ovarian sensitivity index and fertilization rate were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group (P > 0.05). The required dose of gonadotropin significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the supplementation myo-inositol in poor ovarian responders significantly improved the ART outcomes such as fertilization rate gonadotropin, ovarian sensitivity index (OSI) and significantly reduced the required unities of gonadotropin. Additionally, more extensive randomized controlled studies are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180515039668N1 , retrospectively registered since 2020-03-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mohammadi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Eini
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bazarganipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolvahab Taghavi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Maryam Azizi Kutenaee
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Threatened Miscarriage: Advantages and Risks. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5589116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Threatened miscarriage is one of the most common complications causing pregnancy loss, and it affects approximately 20% of confirmed pregnancies. More and more women are seeking treatment with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for this common complication, and it has been reported that women have had successful pregnancies after threatened miscarriage when being treated with CAM, which mainly includes Chinese herbal medicines, acupuncture, and nutritional supplements as well as psychological interventions and other approaches. However, many experts are concerned about the safety and adverse events of certain CAM approaches in women with threatened miscarriage. Therefore, this review focuses on the status of CAM for threatened miscarriage and presents the potential therapeutic efficacy and safety of CAM based on some clinical and experimental studies. We thus hope to provide some instructive suggestions for the application of CAM for treating threatened miscarriage in the future.
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Jankovic‐Karasoulos T, Furness DL, Leemaqz SY, Dekker GA, Grzeskowiak LE, Grieger JA, Andraweera PH, McCullough D, McAninch D, McCowan LM, Bianco‐Miotto T, Roberts CT. Maternal folate, one-carbon metabolism and pregnancy outcomes. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 17:e13064. [PMID: 32720760 PMCID: PMC7729528 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms and pre- and peri-conception folic acid (FA) supplementation and dietary data were used to identify one-carbon metabolic factors associated with pregnancy outcomes in 3196 nulliparous women. In 325 participants, we also measured circulating folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Pregnancy outcomes included preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GHT), small for gestational age (SGA), spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Study findings show that maternal genotype MTHFR A1298C(CC) was associated with increased risk for PE, whereas TCN2 C766G(GG) had a reduced risk for sPTB. Paternal MTHFR A1298C(CC) and MTHFD1 G1958A(AA) genotypes were associated with reduced risk for sPTB, whereas MTHFR C677T(CT) genotype had an increased risk for GHT. FA supplementation was associated with higher serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations, reduced uterine artery resistance index and increased birth weight. Women who supplemented with <800 μg daily FA at 15-week gestation had a higher incidence of PE (10.3%) compared with women who did not supplement (6.1%) or who supplemented with ≥800 μg (5.4%) (P < .0001). Higher serum folate levels were found in women who later developed GDM compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies (Mean ± SD: 37.6 ± 8 nmol L-1 vs. 31.9 ± 11.2, P = .007). Fast food consumption was associated with increased risk for developing GDM, whereas low consumption of green leafy vegetables and fruit were independent risk factors for SGA and GDM and sPTB and SGA, respectively. In conclusion, maternal and paternal genotypes, together with maternal circulating folate and homocysteine concentrations, and pre- and early-pregnancy dietary factors, are independent risk factors for pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Jankovic‐Karasoulos
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Denise L. Furness
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Shalem Y. Leemaqz
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Gustaaf A. Dekker
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyLyell McEwin HospitalElizabeth ValeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Luke E. Grzeskowiak
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jessica A. Grieger
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Prabha H. Andraweera
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Dylan McCullough
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Dale McAninch
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Lesley M. McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Tina Bianco‐Miotto
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Claire T. Roberts
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
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20
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Lascar EM, Warner NM, Doherty MJ. Pregnancy outcomes in women with epilepsy and MTHFR mutations supplemented with methylated folate and methylcobalamin (methylated B12). Epilepsy Behav Rep 2020; 15:100419. [PMID: 33426516 PMCID: PMC7776832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2020.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate processing gene (MTHFR) defects are common in women with epilepsy (WWE) and mood disorders. Methylated versions of folate and B12 may bypass problems related to MTHFR gene processing. Successful pregnancies occurred in WWE with MTHFR defects when usinghenuse of these supplements.
Antiseizure medications (ASM) may contribute to adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with epilepsy (WWE). Folate processing (Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR) gene abnormalities are common in women with epilepsy and depression. L-methylfolate supplements may bypass MTHFR deficiencies, yet their use in WWE during gestation or on fetal development is not well studied. We examine pregnancy histories of three WWE who supplemented with either folate or L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin (methylated B12) during pregnancies. Their pregnancy outcomes improved with L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation. L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation merits further study in WWE who have MTHFR mutations, fertility, recurrent miscarriage and or depression histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Lascar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Washington, 1953 Pacific Ave, Seattle, WA, USA.,Swedish Epilepsy Center, Swedish Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
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21
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Abstract
Psoriasis is caused by a complex interplay among the immune system, genetic background, autoantigens, and environmental factors. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis have a significantly higher serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy). Insufficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12 can be a cause of HHcy in psoriasis. Hcy may promote the immuno-inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by activating Th1 and Th17 cells and neutrophils, while suppressing regulatory T cells. Moreover, Hcy can drive the immuno-inflammatory process by enhancing the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in related to psoriasis. Hcy can induce nuclear factor kappa B activation, which is critical in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. There may be a link between the oxidative stress state in psoriasis and the effect of HHcy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may play a protective role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the deficiency of H2S in psoriasis may be caused by HHcy. As the role of Hcy in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is most likely established, Hcy can be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of psoriasis. Systemic folinate calcium, a folic acid derivative, and topical vitamin B12 have found to be effective in treating psoriasis.
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22
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Razi Y, Eftekhar M, Fesahat F, Dehghani Firouzabadi R, Razi N, Sabour M, Razi MH. Concentrations of homocysteine in follicular fluid and embryo quality and oocyte maturity in infertile women: a prospective cohort. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2020; 41:588-593. [PMID: 32749170 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1785409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine is one of the components of follicular fluid (FF), so that any disruptions in its concentration may affect oocyte development. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between FF homocysteine concentration and embryo quality, oocyte maturity, and pregnancy rate. Oocytes and embryos of 44 infertile women were categorised into different groups based on their maturity and quality, respectively. FF homocysteine levels, oocyte maturity, embryo quality, and pregnancy status were measured. A significant association was observed between the levels of FF homocysteine and oocyte maturation rate (p = .00). The concentration of FF homocysteine was higher than 9.8 µm/L in women with oocyte maturation < 80%. Most of the good quality embryos belonged to homocysteine levels < 9.8 µm/L. Decreased FF homocysteine concentrations can significantly improve the oocyte maturation rate and embryo quality. Aging may be an indirect factor contributing to decreased embryo quality and oocyte maturation through increasing FF homocysteine levels.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? It has been demonstrated that homocysteine is one of the components of follicular fluid (FF), but no information is available about the link between its concentration in FF and oocyte development.What do the results of this study add? The data indicated that decreased FF homocysteine concentrations at a younger age may remarkably improve the oocyte maturity and embryo quality of infertile patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment (ART).What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Based on the findings and considering the ease of measuring serum homocysteine and its direct correlation with FF homocysteine, homocysteine level measurement is recommended in patients who are candidates for infertility treatment in order to estimate oocyte maturation rate, embryo quality, and ART outcomes. Future studies are suggested to investigate patients with PCOS, endometriosis, and male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Razi
- Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - M Eftekhar
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - F Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - R Dehghani Firouzabadi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - N Razi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - M Sabour
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar, Yazd, Iran
| | - M H Razi
- Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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23
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Mendoza SM, Boyd RD, Remus J, Wilcock P, Martinez GE, van Heugten E. Sow performance in response to natural betaine fed during lactation and post-weaning during summer and non-summer months. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:69. [PMID: 32626576 PMCID: PMC7330960 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary natural betaine on sow reproductive performance during summer (Exp. 1) and non-summer months (Exp. 2). Treatments were designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with factors including dietary betaine (0 or 0.2%) and period of supplementation (lactation or post-weaning until 35 days post-insemination). In Exp. 1, 322 and 327 sows and in Exp. 2, 300 and 327 sows representing young (parity 1 and 2) and mature (parity 3 to 6) sows, respectively, were used. Results In Exp. 1, supplementation of betaine during lactation increased sow body weight losses (− 11.95 vs. −14.63 kg; P = 0.024), reduced feed intake (4.12 vs. 4.28 kg/d; P = 0.052), and tended to reduce percentage of no-value pigs (P = 0.071). Betaine fed post-weaning reduced weaning-to-estrus interval (5.75 vs. 6.68 days; P = 0.054) and farrowing rate (86.74% vs. 91.36%; P = 0.060), regardless of parity group. Post-hoc analysis with sows clustered into 3 parity groups (1, 2 and 3, and 4+) indicated that betaine fed in lactation to parity 4+ sows (P = 0.026) and betaine fed post-weaning to parity 1 sows increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle (P ≤ 0.05). In Exp. 2, betaine fed during lactation tended to reduce the weaning-to-estrus interval (6.64 vs. 7.50 days; P = 0.077) and farrowing rate (88.23% vs. 83.54%; P = 0.089), regardless of parity group. Feeding betaine post-weaning reduced number of pigs born (13.00 vs. 13.64; P = 0.04) and pigs born alive (12.30 vs. 12.82; P = 0.075), regardless of parity group. Conclusions Using 0.2% betaine during the non-summer months did not benefit sow performance. During the summer, betaine supplementation in lactation increased subsequent litter size in parity 4+ sows. Betaine fed during the post-weaning period reduced the wean-to-estrus interval and farrowing rate, increased total number of pigs born for parity 1 sows and reduced total number of pigs born to parity 4+ sows. Further research is needed to determine if the detrimental effects on feed intake and farrowing rate may be correlated and depend on dietary betaine level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mendoza
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - R D Boyd
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.,The Hanor Company Inc., Franklin, KY 42134 USA
| | - J Remus
- DuPont Animal Nutrition, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA
| | | | - G E Martinez
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - E van Heugten
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
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24
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Shcherbitskaia AD, Vasilev DS, Milyutina YP, Tumanova NL, Zalozniaia IV, Kerkeshko GO, Arutjunyan AV. Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia Induces Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Death in the Rat Offspring Cortex. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:408-420. [PMID: 32504390 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00233-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the common complications of pregnancy that causes offspring cognitive deficits during postnatal development. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia on structural and ultrastructural organization, neuronal and glial cell number, apoptosis (caspase-3 content and activity), inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation in the offspring brain cortex in early ontogenesis. Wistar female rats received methionine (0.6 g/kg body weight) by oral administration during pregnancy. Histological and biochemical analyses of 5- and 20-day-old pups' cortical tissue were performed. Lysosome accumulation and other neurodegenerative changes in neurons of animals with impaired embryonic development were investigated by electron microscopy. Neuronal staining (anti-NeuN) revealed a reduction in neuronal number, accompanied by increasing of caspase-3 active form protein level and activity. Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia also elevated the number of astroglial and microglial cells and increased expression of interleukin-1β and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, which indicates the development of neuroinflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Shcherbitskaia
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, St. Petersburg, Russia. .,I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - D S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu P Milyutina
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N L Tumanova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Zalozniaia
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - G O Kerkeshko
- Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Arutjunyan
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, St. Petersburg, Russia
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25
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Beksac K, Tanacan A, Cagan M, Dönmez HG, Fadiloglu E, Unal C, Beksac MS. Relationship of Cholelithiasis and Urolithiasis with Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms. J INVEST SURG 2020; 34:1104-1107. [PMID: 32228104 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1742402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis with Methylenetetrehydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism(s) in patients with poor obstetric history to search whether they are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome. MATERIALS AND METHOD This study is consisted of 94 patients with poor obstetric history. Patients were evaluated in terms of the presence of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis in association with MTHFR polymorphism(s). Additional laboratory tests including homocysteine measurements were also performed. ROC analysis for assessing the performance of blood homocysteine level in predicting the presence of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis were also performed. RESULTS Patients were divided into three groups such as cholelithiasis group (n = 9, 9.6%), urolithiasis group (n = 18, 19.1%) and control group (n = 67, 71.3%). Groups did not differ in term of age and Beksac obstetrics index (BOI) which is "[living child+(π/10)]/gravidity." The rate of the presence of MTHFR polymorphisms were 88.9% (8/9), 88.9% (16/18) and 43.3% (29/67) in cholelithiasis, urolithiasis and control groups respectively. Median homocysteine levels were found to be 13.1, 11.6 and 7.2 micromol/lt for the groups respectively. Statistically significant differences were found for MTHFR polymorphism rates and homocysteine levels (<0.001 for both). According to ROC analysis, 10.9 mcmol/L (88.9% sensitivity, 89.6% specificity) and 9.25 mcmol/L (83.3% sensitivity, 73.1% specificity) were determined to be cutoff values of homocysteine for cholelithiasis and urolithiasis respectively. CONCLUSION More frequent MTHFR polymorphisms are observed in women with a clinical history of gall or renal stones. Thus, screening of these patients may be benefical for the approprate management of their subsequent pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Beksac
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Cagan
- Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Erdem Fadiloglu
- Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Unal
- Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M S Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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26
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Wu L, Vendiola JA, Salazar Garcia MD, Sung N, Skariah A, Gilman-Sachs A, Dambaeva S, Kwak-Kim J. Poor ovarian response is associated with serum vitamin D levels and pro-inflammatory immune responses in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization. J Reprod Immunol 2019; 136:102617. [PMID: 31604165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Poor ovarian response (POR1) limits the success of infertility treatment modality. In this study, we aim to investigate if POR is associated with serum 25(OH) vitamin D (VD2) levels and pro-inflammatory immune responses in infertile women with a history of in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer failures. A retrospective cross-sectional study included 157 women with IVF failures. Study patients were divided into four groups based on serum 25(OH)VD level and ovarian responses during the most recent IVF cycle; low VD (LVD3) with POR, LVD with normal ovarian response (NOR4), normal VD (NVD5) with POR, and NVD with NOR. Serum 25(OH)VD level, cellular- and auto-immunity, and metabolic parameters, including homocysteine and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were investigated. Peripheral blood CD56+ NK cell levels (%) and NK cytotoxicity were significantly higher in POR-LVD when compared to the other groups (P < 0.05, respectively). CD19 + B and CD19+/5+ B-1 cell levels were significantly higher in women with POR-LVD as compared with those of NOR-LVD and POR-NVD (P < 0.05, respectively). TNF-α/IL-10 producing Th1/Th2 cell ratio of POR-LVD was significantly higher than those of POR-NVD and NOR-NVD (P < 0.05 respectively). Peripheral blood homocysteine level of POR-LVD was significantly higher than those of NOR-LVD and POR-NVD (P < 0.05 respectively). We conclude that assessment of cellular and autoimmune abnormalities and metabolic factors, such as homocysteine should be considered in women with POR and LVD. VD and folic acid supplementation may be explored further as a possible therapeutic option for POR with immune and metabolic etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA; Center for Reproductive Medicine, The first Affiliated to University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jean Alyxa Vendiola
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, N. Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Dinorah Salazar Garcia
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
| | - Nayoung Sung
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
| | - Annie Skariah
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA
| | - Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, N. Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Svetlana Dambaeva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, N. Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, N. Chicago, IL, USA.
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27
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Arutjunyan AV, Evsyukova II, Polyakova VO. The Role of Melatonin in Morphofunctional Development of the Brain in Early Ontogeny. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Desai M, Chauhan JB. Predicting the functional and structural consequences of nsSNPs in human methionine synthase gene using computational tools. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2019; 65:288-300. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2019.1568611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Desai
- P. G. Department of Genetics, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Science (ARIBAS), New Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
| | - Jenabhai B. Chauhan
- P. G. Department of Genetics, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Science (ARIBAS), New Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
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29
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Hollowood K, Melnyk S, Pavliv O, Evans T, Sides A, Schmidt RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Elms W, Guerrero E, Kruger U, Hahn J, James SJ. Maternal metabolic profile predicts high or low risk of an autism pregnancy outcome. RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2018; 56:72-82. [PMID: 31086561 PMCID: PMC6510509 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently there is no test for pregnant mothers that can predict the probability of having a child that will be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent estimates indicate that if a mother has previously had a child with ASD, the risk of having a second child with ASD is ~18.7% (High Risk) whereas the risk of ASD in the general population is ~1.7% (Low Risk). METHODS In this study, metabolites of the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration biochemical pathways of pregnant mothers were measured to determine whether or not the risk of having a child with autism could be predicted by her metabolic profile. Pregnant mothers who have had a child with autism before were separated into two groups based on the diagnosis of their child whether the child had autism (ASD) or not (TD). Then these mothers were compared to a group of control mothers who have not had a child with autism before. A total of 107 mothers were in the High Risk category and 25 mothers in the Low Risk category. The High Risk category was further separated into 29 mothers in the ASD group and 78 mothers in the TD group. RESULTS The metabolic results indicated that among High Risk mothers, it was not possible to predict an autism pregnancy outcome. However, the metabolic profile was able to predict with approximately 90% sensitivity and specificity whether a mother fell into the High Risk group (18.7% risk) or Low Risk group (1.7% risk). CONCLUSIONS Based upon these measurements it is not possible to determine during a pregnancy if a child will be diagnosed with ASD by age 3. However, differences in the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration metabolites are indicative of the risk level (High Risk of 18.7% vs. Low Risk of 1.7%) of the mother for having a child with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hollowood
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Stepan Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Oleksandra Pavliv
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Teresa Evans
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ashley Sides
- Translational Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 1301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - William Elms
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Elizabeth Guerrero
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Uwe Kruger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Juergen Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8 St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - S. Jill James
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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30
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Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates Developmental Impairments of Rat Offspring with Prenatal Hyperhomocysteinemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2746873. [PMID: 30581528 PMCID: PMC6276483 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2746873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Maternal high levels of the redox active amino acid homocysteine—called hyperhomocysteinemia (hHCY)—can affect the health state of the progeny. The effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) treatment on rats with maternal hHCY remain unknown. In the present study, we characterized the physical development, reflex ontogeny, locomotion and exploratory activity, muscle strength, motor coordination, and brain redox state of pups with maternal hHCY and tested potential beneficial action of the H2S donor—sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS)—on these parameters. Our results indicate a significant decrease in litter size and body weight of pups from dams fed with methionine-rich diet. In hHCY pups, a delay in the formation of sensory-motor reflexes was observed. Locomotor activity tested in the open field by head rearings, crossed squares, and rearings of hHCY pups at all studied ages (P8, P16, and P26) was diminished. Exploratory activity was decreased, and emotionality was higher in rats with hHCY. Prenatal hHCY resulted in reduced muscle strength and motor coordination assessed by the paw grip endurance test and rotarod test. Remarkably, administration of NaHS to pregnant rats with hHCY prevented the observed deleterious effects of high homocysteine on fetus development. In rats with prenatal hHCY, the endogenous generation of H2S brain tissues was lower compared to control and NaHS administration restored the H2S level to control values. Moreover, using redox signaling assays, we found an increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation, and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the brain tissues of rats of the hHCY group. Notably, NaHS treatment restored the level of MDA and the activity of SOD and GPx. Our data suggest that H2S has neuroprotective/antioxidant effects against homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity providing a potential strategy for the prevention of developmental impairments in newborns.
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31
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Gaiday AN, Tussupkaliyev AB, Bermagambetova SK, Zhumagulova SS, Sarsembayeva LK, Dossimbetova MB, Daribay ZZ. Effect of homocysteine on pregnancy: A systematic review. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:70-76. [PMID: 30053452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research purpose was to put together the available pieces of present scientific data and to close the gap in the knowledge of Hcy levels in pregnancy and its association with some pregnancy complications. Scientific data were taken from research papers published between January 1990 and December 2017, and found on the Internet (PubMed, ClinicalKey and Embase databases) by the following tags entered in English, Russian, French and German languages: pregnancy, homocysteine, pregnancy complications, pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental abruption. The review showed that Hcy levels range in uncomplicated pregnancy. Upon that, Hcy level tends to decrease during the second and third trimesters. Some studies have revealed a link between polymorphism and abortion. Sufficient data were obtained indicating the relationship between HHcy and PE. Placental abruption was also associated with high Hcy levels increasing the risk 5.3-fold, but still there are data not supporting the hypothesis that Hcy levels correlate with placental abruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Gaiday
- West-Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
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32
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Liu F, Silva D, Malone MV, Seetharaman K. MTHFR A1298C and C677T Polymorphisms Are Associated with Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Chart Review Study. Acta Haematol 2017; 138:208-215. [PMID: 29212064 DOI: 10.1159/000480447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in homocysteine metabolism. This study aims to determine the impact of MTHFR polymorphisms on plasma homocysteine levels and risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE). METHODS This retrospective chart review study included a total of 188 subjects who were tested for MTHFR polymorphisms at Metrowest Coagulation Laboratory between April 2011 and April 2016. Two independent coders were trained to extract relevant clinical data for statistical analysis. RESULTS VTE occurred in 50% of patients with compound mutation, compared with only 28.6% of subjects from the wild-type group. Patients with heterozygous or homozygous A1298C or C677T variants had an intermediate risk of VTE. The median homocysteine level in the wild-type group was slightly lower than that of heterozygous or homozygous MTHFR variants. The difference, however, was not significant (p = 0.6193). Moreover, there was no difference in plasma homocysteine level between patients with VTE versus VTE-free (p = 0.4923). CONCLUSIONS Heterozygous or homozygous MTHFR variants, especially a compound mutation, are associated with increased risk of VTE. Hyperhomocysteinemia does not correlate with MTHFR polymorphisms or VTE risk. Hence, MTHFR genotyping provides more consistent assessment of VTE risk. This information can be incorporated into risk stratification for early intervention and prophylaxis of VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Metrowest Medical Center, Framingham, MA, USA
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Canever L, Alves CSV, Mastella G, Damázio L, Polla JV, Citadin S, De Luca LA, Barcellos AS, Garcez ML, Quevedo J, Budni J, Zugno AI. The Evaluation of Folic Acid-Deficient or Folic Acid-Supplemented Diet in the Gestational Phase of Female Rats and in Their Adult Offspring Subjected to an Animal Model of Schizophrenia. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2301-2319. [PMID: 28342013 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although folic acid (FA) supplementation is known to influence numerous physiological functions, especially during pregnancy, little is known about its direct effects on the mothers' health. However, this vitamin is essential for the health of the mother and for the normal growth and development of the fetus. Thus, the aim of this study was (1) to evaluate the cognitive effects and biochemical markers produced by the AIN-93 diet (control), the AIN-93 diet supplemented with different doses of FA (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg), and a FA-deficient diet during pregnancy and lactation in female mother rats (dams) and (2) to evaluate the effect of maternal diets on inflammatory parameters in the adult offspring which were subjected to an animal model of schizophrenia (SZ) induced by ketamine (Ket). Our study demonstrated through the Y-maze test that rats subjected to the FA-deficient diet showed significant deficits in spatial memory, while animals supplemented with FA (5 and 10 mg/kg) showed no deficit in spatial memory. Our results also suggest that the rats subjected to the FA-deficient diet had increased levels of carbonylated proteins in the frontal cortex and hippocampus and also increased plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy). Folate was able to prevent cognitive impairments in the rats supplemented with FA (5 and 10 mg/kg), data which may be attributed to the antioxidant effect of the vitamin. Moreover, FA prevented protein damage and elevations in Hcy levels in the rats subjected to different doses of this vitamin (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg). We verified a significant increase of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-4 (IL-4)) and a reduction in the plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and TNF-α) in the dams that were subjected to the diets supplemented with FA (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg), showing the possible anti-inflammatory effects of FA during pregnancy and lactation. In general, we also found that in the adult offspring that were subjected to an animal model of SZ, FA had a protective effect in relation to the levels of IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α, which indicates that the action of FA persisted in the adult offspring, since FA showed a lasting effect on the inflammatory response, which was similar in both the dams and their offspring. In conclusion, the importance of supplementation with FA during pregnancy and lactation should be emphasized, not only for the benefit of the offspring but also for the health of the mother. All this is due to the considerable protective effect of this vitamin against oxidative damage, cognitive impairment, hyperhomocysteinemia, immune function, and also its ability in preventing common processes in post-pregnancy stages, as well as in reducing the risks of neurodevelopmental disorders and enhancing fetal immune development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Canever
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - C S V Alves
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - G Mastella
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - L Damázio
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - J V Polla
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - S Citadin
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - L A De Luca
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - A S Barcellos
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - M L Garcez
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - J Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - J Budni
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - A I Zugno
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Kobus-Bianchini K, Bourckhardt GF, Ammar D, Nazari EM, Müller YMR. Homocysteine-induced changes in cell proliferation and differentiation in the chick embryo spinal cord: implications for mechanisms of neural tube defects (NTD). Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:167-173. [PMID: 28242235 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of NTD in the offspring. Our study investigated the effects of homocysteine (Hcy) on proliferation and neuronal differentiation of the spinal cord cells in a chick embryo model. Embryos were treated with 20μmol D-L Hcy/50μL saline solution at embryonic day 2 (E2) and analyzed at embryonic days 4 (E4) and 6 (E6). Control embryos received exclusively 50μL saline solution. We performed immunolocalization and flow cytometry analyses using antibodies anti-phosphohistone H3 (pH3), anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), anti-β-tubulin III and anti-p53. Our results revealed that Hcy interferes in the proliferation of the neural cells, and that this effect is age-dependent and differed between Hcy-treated embryos with and without NTD. Also, Hcy induced a decrease of neuronal differentiation in the spinal cord at both embryonic ages. These findings contribute to clarifying the cellular bases of NTD genesis, under experimental hiperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Kobus-Bianchini
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte, UDESC, Rua Pascoal Simone 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, 88080-350, Brazil; Centro Universitário Estácio de Sá Santa Catarina, Avenida Leoberto Leal 431, São José, SC, 88117-001, Brazil.
| | - Gilian Fernando Bourckhardt
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Dib Ammar
- Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina, Rua Visconde de Taunay 427, Centro, Joinville, SC, 89203-005, Brazil
| | - Evelise Maria Nazari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Rauh Müller
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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Shahbazian N, Jafari RM, Haghnia S. The evaluation of serum homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in patients complicated with preeclampsia. Electron Physician 2016; 8:3057-3061. [PMID: 27957303 PMCID: PMC5133028 DOI: 10.19082/3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increased plasma homocysteine may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma homocysteine, serum folate, and vitamin B12 levels in preeclamptic pregnant women. Methods This case-control study was conducted in 2016 in Ahwaz on 51 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 51 healthy pregnant women of the same gestational age, who served as controls. The case group also was subdivided into severe and non-severe preeclampsia. Patients’ data were collected through a questionnaire and medical records. Serum homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were analyzed using chemiluminescent assay. The results were compared between two groups. Statistical analyses were done using IBM-SPSS 20.0. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results No different demographic characteristics were found among the groups. Pregnant women complicated with preeclampsia displayed significantly higher serum homocysteine levels (p < 0.001) and lower serum folate (p = 0.005) and vitamin B12 levels (p < 0.001) compared to controls. A statistically significant inverse correlation was evident between serum homocysteine and serum folate levels in preeclamptic patients (p = 0.005; r = −0.389). In addition, an inverse correlation was identified between homocysteine and serum vitamin B12, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.160; r = −0.200). Significant differences occurred in serum homocysteine and folate levels between the severe and non-severe subgroups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Conclusion Women complicated with preeclampsia displayed higher maternal serum homocysteine and lower serum folate and vitamin B12. Further studies are needed to confirm if the prescription of folic acid and vitamin B12 in women with a deficiency of these vitamins could decrease the level of serum homocysteine and, therefore, reduce the risk of preeclampsia or, if it occurred, its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shahbazian
- M.D., Gynecologist, Full Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- M.D., Gynecologist, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sahar Haghnia
- M.D., Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Effects of Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Early Physical Development and Neurobehavioral Maturation of Rat Offspring. BIONANOSCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-016-0326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Balogun OO, da Silva Lopes K, Ota E, Takemoto Y, Rumbold A, Takegata M, Mori R. Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 2016:CD004073. [PMID: 27150280 PMCID: PMC7104220 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004073.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy that can be caused by a wide range of factors. Poor dietary intake of vitamins has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, therefore supplementing women with vitamins either prior to or in early pregnancy may help prevent miscarriage. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review were to determine the effectiveness and safety of any vitamin supplementation, on the risk of spontaneous miscarriage. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group Trials Register (6 November 2015) and reference lists of retrieved studies. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing supplementation during pregnancy with one or more vitamins with either placebo, other vitamins, no vitamins or other interventions. We have included supplementation that started prior to conception, periconceptionally or in early pregnancy (less than 20 weeks' gestation). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, extracted data and assessed trial quality. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. The quality of evidence is included for numerical results of outcomes included in the 'Summary of findings' tables. MAIN RESULTS We included a total of 40 trials (involving 276,820 women and 278,413 pregnancies) assessing supplementation with any vitamin(s) starting prior to 20 weeks' gestation and reporting at least one primary outcome that was eligible for the review. Eight trials were cluster-randomised and contributed data for 217,726 women and 219,267 pregnancies in total.Approximately half of the included trials were assessed to have a low risk of bias for both random sequence generation and adequate concealment of participants to treatment and control groups. Vitamin C supplementation There was no difference in the risk of total fetal loss (risk ratio (RR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 to 1.40, seven trials, 18,949 women; high-quality evidence); early or late miscarriage (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.26, four trials, 13,346 women; moderate-quality evidence); stillbirth (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.76, seven trials, 21,442 women; moderate-quality evidence) or adverse effects of vitamin supplementation (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.39 to 3.41, one trial, 739 women; moderate-quality evidence) between women receiving vitamin C with vitamin E compared with placebo or no vitamin C groups. No clear differences were seen in the risk of total fetal loss or miscarriage between women receiving any other combination of vitamin C compared with placebo or no vitamin C groups. Vitamin A supplementation No difference was found in the risk of total fetal loss (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.66, three trials, 1640 women; low-quality evidence); early or late miscarriage (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.62, two trials, 1397 women; low-quality evidence) or stillbirth (RR 1.29, 95% CI 0.57 to 2.91, three trials, 1640 women; low-quality evidence) between women receiving vitamin A plus iron and folate compared with placebo or no vitamin A groups. There was no evidence of differences in the risk of total fetal loss or miscarriage between women receiving any other combination of vitamin A compared with placebo or no vitamin A groups. Multivitamin supplementation There was evidence of a decrease in the risk for stillbirth among women receiving multivitamins plus iron and folic acid compared iron and folate only groups (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.99, 10 trials, 79,851 women; high-quality evidence). Although total fetal loss was lower in women who were given multivitamins without folic acid (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.70, one trial, 907 women); and multivitamins with or without vitamin A (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.92, one trial, 1074 women), these findings included one trial each with small numbers of women involved. Also, they include studies where the comparison groups included women receiving either vitamin A or placebo, and thus require caution in interpretation.We found no difference in the risk of total fetal loss (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.00, 10 trials, 94,948 women; high-quality evidence) or early or late miscarriage (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.03, 10 trials, 94,948 women; moderate-quality evidence) between women receiving multivitamins plus iron and folic acid compared with iron and folate only groups.There was no evidence of differences in the risk of total fetal loss or miscarriage between women receiving any other combination of multivitamins compared with placebo, folic acid or vitamin A groups. Folic acid supplementation There was no evidence of any difference in the risk of total fetal loss, early or late miscarriage, stillbirth or congenital malformations between women supplemented with folic acid with or without multivitamins and/or iron compared with no folic acid groups. Antioxidant vitamins supplementation There was no evidence of differences in early or late miscarriage between women given antioxidant compared with the low antioxidant group (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.24 to 5.29, one trial, 110 women). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Taking any vitamin supplements prior to pregnancy or in early pregnancy does not prevent women experiencing miscarriage. However, evidence showed that women receiving multivitamins plus iron and folic acid had reduced risk for stillbirth. There is insufficient evidence to examine the effects of different combinations of vitamins on miscarriage and miscarriage-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukunmi O Balogun
- National Center for Child Health and DevelopmentDepartment of Health PolicyMedical Building No. 2, Hongo Campus2‐10‐1 OkuraTokyoTokyoJapan157‐8535
| | - Katharina da Silva Lopes
- National Center for Child Health and DevelopmentDepartment of Health PolicyMedical Building No. 2, Hongo Campus2‐10‐1 OkuraTokyoTokyoJapan157‐8535
| | - Erika Ota
- St. Luke's International University, Graduate School of Nursing SciencesGlobal Health Nursing10‐1 Akashi‐choChuo‐KuTokyoJapan104‐0044
| | - Yo Takemoto
- National Research Institute for Child Health and Development2‐10‐1 Okura, Setagaya‐kuTokyo157‐8535Japan
| | - Alice Rumbold
- The University of AdelaideThe Robinson Research InstituteGround Floor, Norwich Centre55 King William RoadAdelaideNTAustraliaSA 5006
| | - Mizuki Takegata
- National Center for Child Health and DevelopmentDepartment of Health PolicyMedical Building No. 2, Hongo Campus2‐10‐1 OkuraTokyoTokyoJapan157‐8535
| | - Rintaro Mori
- National Center for Child Health and DevelopmentDepartment of Health PolicyMedical Building No. 2, Hongo Campus2‐10‐1 OkuraTokyoTokyoJapan157‐8535
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De‐Regil LM, Peña‐Rosas JP, Fernández‐Gaxiola AC, Rayco‐Solon P. Effects and safety of periconceptional oral folate supplementation for preventing birth defects. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD007950. [PMID: 26662928 PMCID: PMC8783750 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007950.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that neural tube defects (NTD) can be prevented with periconceptional folic acid supplementation. The effects of different doses, forms and schemes of folate supplementation for the prevention of other birth defects and maternal and infant outcomes are unclear. OBJECTIVES This review aims to examine whether periconceptional folate supplementation reduces the risk of neural tube and other congenital anomalies (including cleft palate) without causing adverse outcomes in mothers or babies. This is an update of a previously published Cochrane review on this topic. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (31 August 2015). Additionally, we searched the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (31 August 2015) and contacted relevant organisations to identify ongoing and unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all randomised or quasi-randomised trials evaluating the effect of periconceptional folate supplementation alone, or in combination with other vitamins and minerals, in women independent of age and parity. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed the eligibility of studies against the inclusion criteria, extracted data from included studies, checked data entry for accuracy and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. We assessed the quality of the body of evidence using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS Five trials involving 7391 women (2033 with a history of a pregnancy affected by a NTD and 5358 with no history of NTDs) were included. Four comparisons were made: 1) supplementation with any folate versus no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate (five trials); 2) supplementation with folic acid alone versus no treatment or placebo (one trial); 3) supplementation with folate plus other micronutrients versus other micronutrients without folate (four trials); and 4) supplementation with folate plus other micronutrients versus the same other micronutrients without folate (two trials). The risk of bias of the trials was variable. Only one trial was considered to be at low risk of bias. The remaining studies lacked clarity regarding the randomisation method or whether the allocation to the intervention was concealed. All the participants were blinded to the intervention, though blinding was unclear for outcome assessors in the five trials.The results of the first comparison involving 6708 births with information on NTDs and other infant outcomes, show a protective effect of daily folic acid supplementation (alone or in combination with other vitamins and minerals) in preventing NTDs compared with no interventions/placebo or vitamins and minerals without folic acid (risk ratio (RR) 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17 to 0.58); five studies; 6708 births; high quality evidence). Only one study assessed the incidence of NTDs and showed no evidence of an effect (RR 0.07, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.32; 4862 births) although no events were found in the group that received folic acid. Folic acid had a significant protective effect for reoccurrence (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.64); four studies; 1846 births). Subgroup analyses suggest that the positive effect of folic acid on NTD incidence and recurrence is not affected by the explored daily folic acid dosage (400 µg (0.4 mg) or higher) or whether folic acid is given alone or with other vitamins and minerals. These results are consistent across all four review comparisons.There is no evidence of any preventive or negative effects on cleft palate (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.05 to 10.89; three studies; 5612 births; low quality evidence), cleft lip ((RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.14 to 4.36; three studies; 5612 births; low quality evidence), congenital cardiovascular defects (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.33; three studies; 5612 births; low quality evidence), miscarriages (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.28; five studies; 7391 pregnancies; moderate quality evidence) or any other birth defects (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.66; three studies; 5612 births; low quality evidence). There were no included trials assessing the effects of this intervention on neonatal death, maternal blood folate or anaemia at term. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Folic acid, alone or in combination with vitamins and minerals, prevents NTDs, but does not have a clear effect on other birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Maria De‐Regil
- Micronutrient InitiativeResearch and Evaluation180 Elgin Street, Suite 1000OttawaONCanadaK2P 2K3
| | - Juan Pablo Peña‐Rosas
- World Health OrganizationEvidence and Programme Guidance, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development20 Avenue AppiaGenevaSwitzerland1211
| | | | - Pura Rayco‐Solon
- World Health OrganizationEvidence and Programme Guidance, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development20 Avenue AppiaGenevaSwitzerland1211
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Xu X, Yang XY, He BW, Yang WJ, Cheng WW. Placental NRP1 and VEGF expression in pre-eclamptic women and in a homocysteine-treated mouse model of pre-eclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 196:69-75. [PMID: 26708340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the expression levels of neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the placentas of women with pre-eclampsia (PE), determine whether homocysteine (Hcy) contributes to the development of PE in mice, and detect alterations in placental NRP1 and VEGF in Hcy-treated mice. STUDY DESIGN Placental tissue samples were obtained from 16 patients with and without PE. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis, the expression levels of NRP1 and VEGF in PE and control placental tissues were examined. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was used to detect the localization of NRP1 and VEGF proteins. Pregnant mice were treated with DL-Hcy on embryonic day 7.5. The symptoms of the treated mice were examined. The expression levels of Ddah1, Ddah2, eNos, Cbs and Cse were determined by quantitative RT-PCR to study the possible mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Nrp1 and Vegf expression levels in the placentas of treated mice were measured by quantitative RT-PCR, western blot analysis and IHC. RESULTS NRP1 and VEGF were expressed at lower levels in women with PE compared with control women. The immunoreactivity of NRP1 was detected in villous trophoblast cells and villous capillary endothelial cells (ECs). Immunoreactive VEGF was observed mainly in vascular ECs within the villi. The pregnant mice treated with DL-Hcy showed PE-like symptoms such as higher systolic blood pressure and proteinuria in late pregnancy. Compared with the control mice, Ddah1, Ddah2 and eNos mRNA were expressed at lower levels, and Cbs and Cse mRNA were expressed at significantly higher levels in the placentas of the Hcy-treated group. Expression levels of Nrp1 and Vegf in mice placentas were decreased in the Hcy-treated group. CONCLUSIONS DL-Hcy can induce PE-like symptoms in mice. Both placental NRP1 and VEGF were expressed at lower levels in women with PE and Hcy-treated mice, which may contribute to endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - X-Y Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - B-W He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - W-J Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - W-W Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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van Mil NH, Bouwland-Both MI, Stolk L, Verbiest MMPJ, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV, Verhulst FC, Eilers PHC, Uitterlinden AG, Steegers EAP, Tiemeier H, Steegers-Theunissen RPM. Determinants of maternal pregnancy one-carbon metabolism and newborn human DNA methylation profiles. Reproduction 2015; 148:581-92. [PMID: 25392189 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal one-carbon (1-C) metabolism provides methylgroups for fetal development and programing by DNA methylation as one of the underlying epigenetic mechanisms. We aimed to investigate maternal 1-C biomarkers, folic acid supplement use, and MTHFR C677T genotype as determinants of 1-C metabolism in early pregnancy in association with newborn DNA methylation levels of fetal growth and neurodevelopment candidate genes. The participants were 463 mother-child pairs of Dutch national origin from a large population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. In early pregnancy (median 13.0 weeks, 90% range 10.4-17.1), we assessed the maternal folate and homocysteine blood concentrations, folic acid supplement use, and the MTHFR C677T genotype in mothers and newborns. In newborns, DNA methylation was measured in umbilical cord blood white blood cells at 11 regions of the seven genes: NR3C1, DRD4, 5-HTT, IGF2DMR, H19, KCNQ1OT1, and MTHFR. The associations between the 1-C determinants and DNA methylation were examined using linear mixed models. An association was observed between maternal folate deficiency and lower newborn DNA methylation, which attenuated after adjustment for potential confounders. The maternal MTHFR TT genotype was significantly associated with lower DNA methylation. However, maternal homocysteine and folate concentrations, folic acid supplement use, and the MTHFR genotype in the newborn were not associated with newborn DNA methylation. The maternal MTHFR C677T genotype, as a determinant of folate status and 1-C metabolism, is associated with variations in the epigenome of a selection of genes in newborns. Research on the implications of these variations in methylation on gene expression and health is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina H van Mil
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke I Bouwland-Both
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette Stolk
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael M P J Verbiest
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H C Eilers
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A P Steegers
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen
- The Generation R Study GroupDepartment of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of EpidemiologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of BiostatisticsDepartment of PsychiatryErasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rajendiran S, Nimesh A, Ananthanarayanan PH, Dhiman P. Markers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women with Sleep Disturbances. Oman Med J 2015; 30:264-9. [PMID: 26366260 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2015.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The quality and duration of sleep is impaired during pregnancy. Our study aimed to determine whether maternal sleep deprivation occurring during the second and third trimester of pregnancy could alter fetal well-being with respect to birth weight and APGAR score by altering the inflammatory status and oxidative stress in the mothers. . METHODS Sleep adequacy was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We investigated the inflammatory status and oxidative stress at term in the blood of pregnant subjects with and without sleep deprivation by measuring the levels of protein-bound sialic acid (PBSA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO). Homocysteine (Hcy) and its vitamin determinants were also measured. Fetal outcome with respect to birth weight and APGAR score were compared between study subjects. . RESULTS A significant increase was observed in the levels of hsCRP, PBSA, Hcy, MDA, and PCO, in the sleep-deprived group when compared to the control group. Fetal outcome at birth showed a significant difference between the cases with high sleep deprivation and those with low sleep deprivation. . CONCLUSION Sleep deprivation in pregnancy leads to an increase in the inflammatory parameters, oxidative stress, and Hcy levels. Fetal outcome at birth was affected more in mothers with high sleep deprivation than those with low sleep deprivation. Follow-up in these babies are needed to reveal any differences in their growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundravally Rajendiran
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Archana Nimesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - P H Ananthanarayanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Pooja Dhiman
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Singh MD, Thomas P, Owens J, Hague W, Fenech M. Potential role of folate in pre-eclampsia. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:694-722. [PMID: 26359215 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary deficiencies of folate and other B vitamin cofactors involved in one-carbon metabolism, together with genetic polymorphisms in key folate-methionine metabolic pathway enzymes, are associated with increases in circulating plasma homocysteine, reduction in DNA methylation patterns, and genome instability events. All of these biomarkers have also been associated with pre-eclampsia. The aim of this review was to explore the literature and identify potential knowledge gaps in relation to the role of folate at the genomic level in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia. A systematic search strategy was designed to identify citations in electronic databases for the following terms: folic acid supplementation AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND genome stability, folate AND genome stability AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND DNA methylation, and folate AND DNA methylation AND pre-eclampsia. Forty-three articles were selected according to predefined selection criteria. The studies included in the present review were not homogeneous, which made pooled analysis of the data very difficult. The present review highlights associations between folate deficiency and certain biomarkers observed in various tissues of women at risk of pre-eclampsia. Further investigation is required to understand the role of folate in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Dass Singh
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Thomas
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Owens
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - William Hague
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Ganu RS, Ishida Y, Koutmos M, Kolokotronis SO, Roca AL, Garrow TA, Schook LB. Evolutionary Analyses and Natural Selection of Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase (BHMT) and BHMT2 Genes. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26213999 PMCID: PMC4516251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) and BHMT2 convert homocysteine to methionine using betaine and S-methylmethionine, respectively, as methyl donor substrates. Increased levels of homocysteine in blood are associated with cardiovascular disease. Given their role in human health and nutrition, we identified BHMT and BHMT2 genes and proteins from 38 species of deuterostomes including human and non-human primates. We aligned the genes to look for signatures of selection, to infer evolutionary rates and events across lineages, and to identify the evolutionary timing of a gene duplication event that gave rise to two genes, BHMT and BHMT2. We found that BHMT was present in the genomes of the sea urchin, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals; BHMT2 was present only across mammals. BHMT and BHMT2 were present in tandem in the genomes of all monotreme, marsupial and placental species examined. Evolutionary rates were accelerated for BHMT2 relative to BHMT. Selective pressure varied across lineages, with the highest dN/dS ratios for BHMT and BHMT2 occurring immediately following the gene duplication event, as determined using GA Branch analysis. Nine codons were found to display signatures suggestive of positive selection; these contribute to the enzymatic or oligomerization domains, suggesting involvement in enzyme function. Gene duplication likely occurred after the divergence of mammals from other vertebrates but prior to the divergence of extant mammalian subclasses, followed by two deletions in BHMT2 that affect oligomerization and methyl donor specificity. The faster evolutionary rate of BHMT2 overall suggests that selective constraints were reduced relative to BHMT. The dN/dS ratios in both BHMT and BHMT2 was highest following the gene duplication, suggesting that purifying selection played a lesser role as the two paralogs diverged in function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika S. Ganu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Yasuko Ishida
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Markos Koutmos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America
| | | | - Alfred L. Roca
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Garrow
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Lawrence B. Schook
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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The application of a chemical determination of N-homocysteinylation levels in developing mouse embryos: implication for folate responsive birth defects. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 26:312-8. [PMID: 25620692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Elevated homocysteine levels have long been associated with various disease states, including cardiovascular disease and birth defects, including neural tube defects (NTDs). One hypothesis regarding the strong correlation between these various disorders and high levels of homocysteine is that a reactive form of this small molecule can attach to mammalian proteins in a phenomenon known as homocysteinylation. These posttranslational modifications may become antigenic or may even directly disrupt certain protein function. It remains to be determined whether dietary influences that can cause globally increased levels of circulating homocysteine confer negative effects maternally, or may otherwise negatively and materially impact the metabolic balance in developing embryos. Herein we present the application of a chemical method of determination of N-homocysteinylation to a set of neural tube closure stage mouse embryos and their mothers. We explore the uses of this newly described technique to investigate levels of maternal and embryonic N-homocysteinylation using dietary manipulations of one-carbon metabolism with two known folate-responsive NTD mouse models. The data presented reveal that although diet appeared to have significant effects on the maternal metabolic status, those effects did not directly correlate to the embryonic folate or N-homocysteinylation status. Our studies indicate that maternal diet and embryonic genotype most significantly affected the embryonic developmental outcome.
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Ansari R, Mahta A, Mallack E, Luo JJ. Hyperhomocysteinemia and neurologic disorders: a review. J Clin Neurol 2014; 10:281-8. [PMID: 25324876 PMCID: PMC4198708 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2014.10.4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is generated during methionine metabolism. It has a physiologic role in DNA metabolism via methylation, a process governed by the presentation of folate, and vitamins B6 and B12. Physiologic Hcy levels are determined primarily by dietary intake and vitamin status. Elevated plasma levels of Hcy (eHcy) can be caused by deficiency of either vitamin B12 or folate, or a combination thereof. Certain genetic factors also cause eHcy, such as C667T substitution of the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. eHcy has been observed in several medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, minimal cognitive impairment, dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and eclampsia. There is evidence from laboratory and clinical studies that Hcy, and especially eHcy, exerts direct toxic effects on both the vascular and nervous systems. This article provides a review of the current literature on the possible roles of eHcy relevant to various neurologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali Mahta
- Department of Neurology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric Mallack
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jin Jun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Radunovic N, Lockwood CJ, Stanojlovic O, Steric M, Kontic-Vucinic O, Sulovic N, Hrncic D, Ackerman Iv WE. Fetal and maternal plasma homocysteine levels during the second half of uncomplicated pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:1244-1249. [PMID: 25162468 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.951626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure fetal and maternal plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations in uncomplicated pregnancies. METHODS Paired maternal venous and fetal umbilical cord blood (n = 81) samples were evaluated for plasma Hcy and vitamin B12 levels, in addition to eight neonatal umbilical cord blood samples obtained immediately following delivery. RESULTS Both fetal and maternal Hcy concentrations were positively correlated with advancing gestational age (ρ = 0.44, p < 0.0001; and ρ = 0.27, p < 0.05, respectively). Fetal plasma Hcy concentrations [2.2 µmol/l (IQR: 2.0-3.2)] were significantly lower than both neonatal umbilical vein [5.0 µmol/l (IQR: 4.4-6.5); p < 0.001] and maternal plasma Hcy levels [4.4 μmo/l (IQR: 3.4-5.4); p < 0.001]. In addition, Hcy values at term were higher in the umbilical vein compared with the umbilical artery [5.0 μmol/l (IQR: 3.4-5.4) versus 4.2 μmol/l (IQR: 3.7-5.5), respectively; p = 0.016]. Significant correlation was noted and between fetal and maternal Hcy levels (ρ = 0.50, p < 0.0001), while fetal Hcy was negatively correlated with maternal B12 concentrations (ρ = -0.32, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Fetal Hcy levels were significantly lower than maternal and neonatal levels and correlated with gestational age across the second half of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa Radunovic
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia and
| | - Charles J Lockwood
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
| | | | - Milena Steric
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia and
| | | | - Nenad Sulovic
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia and
| | - Dragan Hrncic
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia and
| | - William E Ackerman Iv
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA
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Ganu RS, Harris RA, Collins K, Aagaard KM. Early origins of adult disease: approaches for investigating the programmable epigenome in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. ILAR J 2014; 53:306-21. [PMID: 23744969 DOI: 10.1093/ilar.53.3-4.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, in utero experiences reprogram an individual for immediate adaptation to gestational perturbations, with the sequelae of later-in-life risk of metabolic disease. An altered gestational milieu with resultant adult metabolic disease has been observed in instances of both in utero constraint (e.g., from famine or uteroplacental insufficiency) and overt caloric abundance (e.g., from a maternal high-fat, caloric-dense diet). The commonality of the adult metabolic phenotype begs the question of how diverse in utero experiences (i.e., reprogramming events) converge on common metabolic pathways and how the memory of these events is maintained across the lifespan. We and others have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying fetal programming and observed that epigenetic modifications to the fetal and placental epigenome accompany these reprogramming events. Based on several lines of emerging data in human and nonhuman primates, it is now felt that modified epigenetic signature--and the histone code in particular--underlies alterations in postnatal gene expression and metabolic pathways central to accurate functioning and maintenance of health. Because of the tissue lineage specificity of many of these modifications, nonhuman primates serve as an apt model system for the capacity to recapitulate human gene expression and regulation during development. This review summarizes recent epigenetic advances using rodent and primate (both human and nonhuman) models during in utero development and contributing to adult diseases later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika S Ganu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Newton LAA, Sandhu K, Livingstone C, Leslie R, Davis J. Clinical diagnostics for homocysteine: a rogue amino acid? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 10:489-500. [DOI: 10.1586/erm.10.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ganu R, Garrow T, Koutmos M, Rund L, Schook LB. Splicing variants of the porcine betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase gene: implications for mammalian metabolism. Gene 2013; 529:228-37. [PMID: 23948084 PMCID: PMC3894628 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) activity is only detected in the liver of rodents, but in both the liver and kidney cortex of humans and pigs; therefore, the pig was chosen as a model to define the spatial and temporal expression of BHMT during development. During fetal development, a total of ten splice variants of bhmt were expressed at varying levels across a wide range of porcine tissues. Two variants contained an identical ORF that encoded a C-terminal truncated form of BHMT (tBHMT). The bhmt transcripts were expressed at significant levels in the liver and kidney from day 45 of gestation (G45) onward. The transcripts encoding tBHMT represented 5-13% of the total bhmt transcripts in G30 fetus, G45 liver, and adult liver and kidney cortex. The dominant structural feature of wild type BHMT is an (βα)8 barrel, however, a modeled structure of tBHMT suggests that this protein would assume a horseshoe fold and lack methyltransferase activity. Low BHMT activity was detected in the G30 fetus, and slightly increased levels of activity were observed in the liver from G45 and G90 fetuses. The bhmt promoter contained three key CpG sites, and methylation of these sites was significantly higher in adult lung compared to adult liver. The data reported herein suggest that genomic DNA methylation and variation of the 5' and 3' UTRs of bhmt transcripts are key regulators for the level of BHMT transcription and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Ganu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Timothy Garrow
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Markos Koutmos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Laurie Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Lawrence B. Schook
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
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Padmanabhan N, Jia D, Geary-Joo C, Wu X, Ferguson-Smith AC, Fung E, Bieda MC, Snyder FF, Gravel RA, Cross JC, Watson ED. Mutation in folate metabolism causes epigenetic instability and transgenerational effects on development. Cell 2013; 155:81-93. [PMID: 24074862 PMCID: PMC3844871 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of maternal folate consumption for normal development is well established, yet the molecular mechanism linking folate metabolism to development remains poorly understood. The enzyme methionine synthase reductase (Mtrr) is necessary for utilization of methyl groups from the folate cycle. We found that a hypomorphic mutation of the mouse Mtrr gene results in intrauterine growth restriction, developmental delay, and congenital malformations, including neural tube, heart, and placental defects. Importantly, these defects were dependent upon the Mtrr genotypes of the maternal grandparents. Furthermore, we observed widespread epigenetic instability associated with altered gene expression in the placentas of wild-type grandprogeny of Mtrr-deficient maternal grandparents. Embryo transfer experiments revealed that Mtrr deficiency in mice lead to two distinct, separable phenotypes: adverse effects on their wild-type daughters' uterine environment, leading to growth defects in wild-type grandprogeny, and the appearance of congenital malformations independent of maternal environment that persist for five generations, likely through transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Padmanabhan
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Dongxin Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Colleen Geary-Joo
- Transgenic Services, Clara Christie Centre for Mouse Genomics, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Xuchu Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Anne C. Ferguson-Smith
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Ernest Fung
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mark C. Bieda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute for Child & Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Floyd F. Snyder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute for Child & Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Roy A. Gravel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute for Child & Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - James C. Cross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute for Child & Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Erica D. Watson
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
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