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Varol A, Klauck SM, Dantzer F, Efferth T. Enhancing cisplatin drug sensitivity through PARP3 inhibition: The influence on PDGF and G-coupled signal pathways in cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111094. [PMID: 38830565 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment despite the clinical efficacy of cisplatin. Identifying and targeting biomarkers open new ways to improve therapeutic outcomes. In this study, comprehensive bioinformatic analyses were employed, including a comparative analysis of multiple datasets, to evaluate overall survival and mutation hotspots in 27 base excision repair (BER) genes of more than 7,500 tumors across 23 cancer types. By using various parameters influencing patient survival, revealing that the overexpression of 15 distinct BER genes, particularly PARP3, NEIL3, and TDG, consistently correlated with poorer survival across multiple factors such as race, gender, and metastasis. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses within protein-coding regions highlighted the potential deleterious effects of mutations on protein structure and function. The investigation of mutation hotspots in BER proteins identified PARP3 due to its high mutation frequency. Moving from bioinformatics to wet lab experiments, cytotoxic experiments demonstrated that the absence of PARP3 by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells increased drug activity towards cisplatin, carboplatin, and doxorubicin. Pathway analyses indicated the impact of PARP3 absence on the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and G-coupled signal pathways on cisplatin exposure. PDGF, a critical regulator of various cellular functions, was downregulated in the absence of PARP3, suggesting a role in cancer progression. Moreover, the influence of PARP3 knockdown on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) affects their function in the presence of cisplatin. In conclusion, the study demonstrated a synthetic lethal interaction between GPCRs, PDGF signaling pathways, and PARP3 gene silencing. PARP3 emerged as a promising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Varol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a Partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Françoise Dantzer
- Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and Genome Integrity, Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, UMR7242, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 300 bld. S. Brant, CS10413, 67412, Illkirch, France
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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2
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Roberts BK, Li DI, Somerville C, Matta B, Jha V, Steinke A, Brune Z, Blanc L, Soffer SZ, Barnes BJ. IRF5 suppresses metastasis through the regulation of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles and pre-metastatic niche formation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15557. [PMID: 38969706 PMCID: PMC11226449 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66168-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is driven by extensive cooperation between a tumor and its microenvironment, resulting in the adaptation of molecular mechanisms that evade the immune system and enable pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation. Little is known of the tumor-intrinsic factors that regulate these mechanisms. Here we show that expression of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in osteosarcoma (OS) and breast carcinoma (BC) clinically correlates with prolonged survival and decreased secretion of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (t-dEVs). Conversely, loss of intra-tumoral IRF5 establishes a PMN that supports metastasis. Mechanistically, IRF5-positive tumor cells retain IRF5 transcripts within t-dEVs that contribute to altered composition, secretion, and trafficking of t-dEVs to sites of metastasis. Upon whole-body pre-conditioning with t-dEVs from IRF5-high or -low OS and BC cells, we found increased lung metastatic colonization that replicated findings from orthotopically implanted cancer cells. Collectively, our findings uncover a new role for IRF5 in cancer metastasis through its regulation of t-dEV programming of the PMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey K Roberts
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Dan Iris Li
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Carter Somerville
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Vaishali Jha
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | | | - Zarina Brune
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Lionel Blanc
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Samuel Z Soffer
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
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3
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Reid SE, Pantaleo J, Bolivar P, Bocci M, Sjölund J, Morsing M, Cordero E, Larsson S, Malmberg M, Seashore-Ludlow B, Pietras K. Cancer-associated fibroblasts rewire the estrogen receptor response in luminal breast cancer, enabling estrogen independence. Oncogene 2024; 43:1113-1126. [PMID: 38388711 PMCID: PMC10997519 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Advanced breast cancers represent a major therapeutic challenge due to their refractoriness to treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant constituents of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer. However, the influence of CAFs on therapeutic outcome remains largely unchartered. Here, we reveal that spatial coincidence of abundant CAF infiltration with malignant cells was associated with reduced estrogen receptor (ER)-α expression and activity in luminal breast tumors. Notably, CAFs mediated estrogen-independent tumor growth by selectively regulating ER-α signaling. Whereas most prototypical estrogen-responsive genes were suppressed, CAFs maintained gene expression related to therapeutic resistance, basal-like differentiation, and invasion. A functional drug screen in co-cultures identified effector pathways involved in the CAF-induced regulation of ER-α signaling. Among these, the Transforming Growth Factor-β and the Janus kinase signaling cascades were validated as actionable targets to counteract the CAF-induced modulation of ER-α activity. Finally, genes that were downregulated in cancer cells by CAFs were predictive of poor response to endocrine treatment. In conclusion, our work reveals that CAFs directly control the luminal breast cancer phenotype by selectively modulating ER-α expression and transcriptional function, and further proposes novel targets to disrupt the crosstalk between CAFs and tumor cells to reinstate treatment response to endocrine therapy in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Reid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jessica Pantaleo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paulina Bolivar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matteo Bocci
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sjölund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikkel Morsing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eugenia Cordero
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Larsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Malmberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Brinton Seashore-Ludlow
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Zhang W, Chen T, Yang P, Li X, Zhu D, Su Z, Yang X, Jin R, Lan T, Guo H. Total flavonoids of Litchi chinensis Sonn. seed inhibit prostate cancer growth in bone by regulating the bone microenvironment via inactivation of the HGFR/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117327. [PMID: 37871755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Litchi) seed, a traditional Chinese medicine, is habitually used in the clinical treatment of prostate cancer (PCa)-induced bone pain. In our previous study, flavonoids have been identified as the active ingredient of litchi seed against PCa. However, its anti-tumor activities in bone and associated molecular mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of total flavonoids of litchi seed (TFLS) on the growth of PCa in bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of TFLS on the growth of PCa in bone was observed using a mouse model constructed with tibial injection of luciferase-expressing RM1-luc cells. Conditioned medium (CM) from bone marrow stromal cells OP9 and CM treated with TFLS (T-CM) was used to investigate the effect on the proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis of PCa cells (LNCaP, PC3, RM1). An antibody microarray was performed to detect cytokine expression in the supernatant fraction of OP9 cell cultures treated with TFLS or left untreated. Western blot assay was employed to determine the expression and activity of HGFR and its key downstream proteins, Akt, mTOR, NF-κB, and Erk, in PCa cells. The potential target was further verified using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays. RESULTS Treatment with TFLS (80 mg/kg, 24 days) significantly suppressed the growth of RM1 cells in bone. CM from bone marrow stromal cells OP9 stimulated the proliferation and colony formation of the PCa cells as well as inhibited the apoptosis of PC3 cells, while T-CM reversed the effects mediated by OP9 cells in vitro. In an antibody array assay, TFLS regulated the majority of cytokines in OP9 cell culture supernatant, among which HGF, HGFR, IGF-1R, and PDGF-AA showed the greatest fold changes. Mechanistically, CM upregulated HGFR and promoted phosphorylation of NF-κB while T-CM induced reduction of HGFR and dephosphorylation of NF-κB in PC3 cells. Moreover, T-CM inhibited NF-κB entry into PC3 cell nuclei. Data from in vivo experiments further confirmed the inhibitory effects of TFLS on NF-κB. CONCLUSION TFLS suppresses the growth of PCa in bone through regulating bone microenvironment and the underlying mechanism potentially involves attenuation of the HGFR/NF-κB signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011, China
| | - Peilin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Taijin Lan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiu Dong Road, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
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5
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Batra H, Ding Q, Pandurengan R, Ibarguen H, Rabassedas NB, Sahin A, Wistuba I, Parra ER, Raso MG. Exploration of cancer associated fibroblasts phenotypes in the tumor microenvironment of classical and pleomorphic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1281650. [PMID: 38192631 PMCID: PMC10772146 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1281650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
As the second most common subtype of breast carcinoma, Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) microenvironment features have not been thoroughly explored. ILC has different histological subtypes and elucidating differences in their microenvironments could lead to a comprehensive development of cancer therapies. We designed a custom-made cancer associated fibroblast (CAFs) panel and used multiplex immunofluorescence to identify the differences in tumor microenvironment between Classic ILC and Pleomorphic ILC. Materials and methods Multiplex immunofluorescence were performed on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues using Opal-7 color kit. The antibodies used for phenotyping CAFs were Pan CK (AE1/AE3), CD45, A-SMA, FAP, S100, Thy-1 with optimized dilutions. The images were acquired and analyzed using Vectra 3.0 imaging system and InForm software respectively. Results We studied 19 different CAFs colocalized phenotypes in the tumor, stroma and overall tissue compartments between classic and pleomorphic ILC. Total A-SMA+, A-SMA+FAP+S100+ and A-SMA+S100+ CAFs demonstrated higher densities in classic ILC cases while FAP+S100+ and S-100+ CAFs were increased in the pleomorphic subtype samples. Conclusion Our study explores multiple CAFs phenotypes between classical and pleomorphic ILC. We showed that CAFs subset differ between Classic ILC and Pleomorphic ILC. A-SMA CAFs are more prevalent in the TME of classic ILCs whereas Pleomorphic ILCs are dominated by CAFs without A-SMA expression. This also iterates the importance of exploring this particular type of breast carcinoma in more detail, paving the way for meaningful translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Batra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Renganayaki Pandurengan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Heladio Ibarguen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Neus Bota Rabassedas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Aysegul Sahin
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ignacio Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Edwin Roger Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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6
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Fan P, Zhang N, Candi E, Agostini M, Piacentini M, Shi Y, Huang Y, Melino G. Alleviating hypoxia to improve cancer immunotherapy. Oncogene 2023; 42:3591-3604. [PMID: 37884747 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia resulting from abnormal and dysfunctional tumor vascular network poses a substantial obstacle to immunotherapy. In fact, hypoxia creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) through promoting angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), p53 inactivation, and immune evasion. Vascular normalization, a strategy aimed at restoring the structure and function of tumor blood vessels, has been shown to improve oxygen delivery and reverse hypoxia-induced signaling pathways, thus alleviates hypoxia and potentiates cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of tumor tissue hypoxia and its impacts on immune cells and cancer immunotherapy, as well as the approaches to induce tumor vascular normalization. We also summarize the evidence supporting the use of vascular normalization in combination with cancer immunotherapy, and highlight the challenges and future directions of this overlooked important field. By targeting the fundamental problem of tumor hypoxia, vascular normalization proposes a promising strategy to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fan
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Naidong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yuhui Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China.
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Gavioli G, Razzoli A, Bedolla DE, Di Bartolomeo E, Quartieri E, Iotti B, Berni P, Birarda G, Vaccari L, Schiroli D, Marraccini C, Baricchi R, Merolle L. Cryopreservation affects platelet macromolecular composition over time after thawing and differently impacts on cancer cells behavior in vitro. Platelets 2023; 34:2281943. [PMID: 38010129 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2281943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation affects platelets' function, questioning their use for cancer patients. We aimed to investigate the biochemical events that occur over time after thawing to optimize transfusion timing and evaluate the effect of platelet supernatants on tumor cell behavior in vitro. We compared fresh (Fresh-PLT) with Cryopreserved platelets (Cryo-PLT) at 1 h, 3 h and 6 h after thawing. MCF-7 and HL-60 cells were cultured with Fresh- or 1 h Cryo-PLT supernatants to investigate cell proliferation, migration, and PLT-cell adhesion. We noticed a significant impairment of hemostatic activity accompanied by a post-thaw decrease of CD42b+ , which identifies the CD62P--population. FTIR spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the total protein content together with changes in their conformational structure, which identified two sub-groups: 1) Fresh and 1 h Cryo-PLT; 2) 3 h and 6 h cryo-PLT. Extracellular vesicle shedding and phosphatidylserine externalization (PS) increased after thawing. Cryo-PLT supernatants inhibited cell proliferation, impaired MCF-7 cell migration, and reduced ability to adhere to tumor cells. Within the first 3 hours after thawing, irreversible alterations of biomolecular structure occur in Cryo-PLT. Nevertheless, Cryo-PLT should be considered safe for the transfusion of cancer patients because of their insufficient capability to promote cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, or migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Gavioli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Agnese Razzoli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Diana E Bedolla
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Basovizza, Italy
- Molecular Pathology Lab, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Area Science Park, Trieste, Italy
- Center for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Eleonora Quartieri
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Barbara Iotti
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pamela Berni
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Davide Schiroli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Baricchi
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucia Merolle
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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8
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Al-Bzour NN, Al-Bzour AN, Ababneh OE, Al-Jezawi MM, Saeed A, Saeed A. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Unveiling Their Dynamic Roles in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16505. [PMID: 38003695 PMCID: PMC10671196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are highly aggressive malignancies with significant mortality rates. Recent research emphasizes the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in these cancers, which includes cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a key component of the TME that have diverse origins, including fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and endothelial cells. Several markers, such as α-SMA and FAP, have been identified to label CAFs, and some specific markers may serve as potential therapeutic targets. In this review article, we summarize the literature on the multifaceted role of CAFs in tumor progression, including their effects on angiogenesis, immune suppression, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, we highlight the use of single-cell transcriptomics to understand CAF heterogeneity and their interactions within the TME. Moreover, we discuss the dynamic interplay between CAFs and the immune system, which contributes to immunosuppression in the TME, and the potential for CAF-targeted therapies and combination approaches with immunotherapy to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor N. Al-Bzour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (N.N.A.-B.); (A.N.A.-B.)
| | - Ayah N. Al-Bzour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (N.N.A.-B.); (A.N.A.-B.)
| | - Obada E. Ababneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (M.M.A.-J.)
| | - Moayad M. Al-Jezawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (M.M.A.-J.)
| | - Azhar Saeed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT 05401, USA;
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (N.N.A.-B.); (A.N.A.-B.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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9
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Yun WS, Kim J, Lim DK, Kim DH, Jeon SI, Kim K. Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2225. [PMID: 37570543 PMCID: PMC10421122 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Su Yun
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST), Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongrae Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST), Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST), Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST), Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ik Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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10
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Li Y, Wang C, Huang T, Yu X, Tian B. The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1194835. [PMID: 37496657 PMCID: PMC10367093 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer deaths are primarily caused by metastasis. There are several treatment options that can be used to treat breast cancer. There are, however, a limited number of treatments that can either prevent or inhibit the spread of breast tumor metastases. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies are needed. Studies have increasingly focused on the importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in metastasis of breast cancer. As the most abundant cells in the TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer pathogenesis. They can remodel the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and engage in crosstalk with cancer cells or other stroma cells by secreting growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, as well as components of the ECM, which assist the tumor cells to invade through the TME and cause distant metastasis. Clinically, CAFs not only foster the initiation, growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer but also serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, therapy, and prediction of prognosis. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics and subtypes of CAFs and their functions in breast cancer metastasis, focusing on their important roles in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of breast cancer. Recent studies suggest that CAFs are vital partners of breast cancer cells that assist metastasis and may represent ideal targets for prevention and treatment of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department II, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bole Tian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Huang DX, Yang MX, Jiang ZM, Chen M, Chang K, Zhan YX, Gong X. Nerve trunk healing and neuroma formation after nerve transection injury. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1184246. [PMID: 37377855 PMCID: PMC10291201 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1184246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nerve trunk healing process of a transected peripheral nerve trunk is composed of angiogenesis, nerve fiber regeneration, and scarring. Nerve trunk healing and neuroma formation probably share identical molecular mediators and similar regulations. At the nerve transection site, angiogenesis is sufficient and necessary for nerve fiber regeneration. Angiogenesis and nerve fiber regeneration reveal a positive correlation in the early time. Scarring and nerve fiber regeneration show a negative correlation in the late phase. We hypothesize that anti-angiogenesis suppresses neuromas. Subsequently, we provide potential protocols to test our hypothesis. Finally, we recommend employing anti-angiogenic small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors to investigate nerve transection injuries.
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12
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Hwang J, Haacke N, Borgelt L, Qiu X, Gasper R, Wu P. Rational design and evaluation of 2-((pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)thiophen-4-ones as RNase L inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115439. [PMID: 37201427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ribonuclease L (RNase L) plays a crucial role in an antiviral pathway of interferon-induced innate immunity by degrading RNAs to prevent viral replication. Modulating RNase L activity thus mediates the innate immune responses and inflammation. Although a few small molecule-based RNase L modulators have been reported, only limited molecules have been mechanistically investigated. This study explored the strategy of RNase L targeting by using a structure-based rational design approach and evaluated the RNase L-binding and inhibitory activities of the yielded 2-((pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)thiophen-4-ones, which exhibited improved inhibitory effect as determined by in vitro FRET and gel-based RNA cleavage assay. A further structural optimization study yielded selected thiophenones that showed >30-fold more potent inhibitory activity than that of sunitinib, the approved kinase inhibitor with reported RNase L inhibitory activity. The binding mode with RNase L for the resulting thiophenones was analyzed by using docking analysis. Furthermore, the obtained 2-((pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)thiophen-4-ones exhibited efficient inhibition of RNA degradation in cellular rRNA cleavage assay. The newly designed thiophenones are the most potent synthetic RNase L inhibitors reported to date and the results revealed in our study lay the foundation for the development of future RNase L-modulating small molecules with new scaffold and improved potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Hwang
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Neele Haacke
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Lydia Borgelt
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Xiaqiu Qiu
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Raphael Gasper
- Crystallography and Biophysics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Peng Wu
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany; Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany.
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13
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Pandey P, Khan F, Upadhyay TK, Seungjoon M, Park MN, Kim B. New insights about the PDGF/PDGFR signaling pathway as a promising target to develop cancer therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114491. [PMID: 37002577 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous cancers express platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). By directly stimulating tumour cells in an autocrine manner or by stimulating tumour stromal cells in a paracrine manner, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) pathway is crucial in the growth and spread of several cancers. To combat hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment, it encourages angiogenesis. A growing body of experimental data shows that PDGFs target malignant cells, vascular cells, and stromal cells to modulate tumour growth, metastasis, and the tumour microenvironment. To combat medication resistance and enhance patient outcomes in cancers, targeting the PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a viable therapeutic approach. There have been reports of anomalies in the PDGF pathway, including the gain of function point mutations, activating chromosomal translocations, or overexpression or amplification of PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). As a result, it has been shown that targeting the PDGF/PDGFR signaling pathway is an effective method for treating cancer. As a result, this study will concentrate on the regulation of the PDGF/PDGFR signaling system, in particular the current methods and inhibitors used in cancer treatment, as well as the associated therapeutic advantages and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India.
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Moon Seungjoon
- Chansol Hospital of Korean Medicine, 290, Buheung-ro, Bupyeong-gu, Incheon 21390, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Jeon H, Byun J, Kang H, Kim K, Lee E, Kim JH, Hong CK, Song SW, Kim YH, Chong S, Kim JH, Nam SJ, Park JE, Lee S. Proteomic analysis predicts anti-angiogenic resistance in recurred glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:69. [PMID: 36732815 PMCID: PMC9893563 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence is common in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) because of the infiltrative, residual cells in the tumor margin. Standard therapy for GBM consists of surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but the median survival of GBM patients remains poor (~ 1.5 years). For recurrent GBM, anti-angiogenic treatment is one of the common treatment approaches. However, current anti-angiogenic treatment modalities are not satisfactory because of the resistance to anti-angiogenic agents in some patients. Therefore, we sought to identify novel prognostic biomarkers that can predict the therapeutic response to anti-angiogenic agents in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. METHODS We selected patients with recurrent GBM who were treated with anti-angiogenic agents and classified them into responders and non-responders to anti-angiogenic therapy. Then, we performed proteomic analysis using liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues obtained from surgical specimens. We conducted a gene-ontology (GO) analysis based on protein abundance in the responder and non-responder groups. Based on the LC-MS and GO analysis results, we identified potential predictive biomarkers for anti-angiogenic therapy and validated them in recurrent glioblastoma patients. RESULTS In the mass spectrometry-based approach, 4957 unique proteins were quantified with high confidence across clinical parameters. Unsupervised clustering analysis highlighted distinct proteomic patterns (n = 269 proteins) between responders and non-responders. The GO term enrichment analysis revealed a cluster of genes related to immune cell-related pathways (e.g., TMEM173, FADD, CD99) in the responder group, whereas the non-responder group had a high expression of genes related to nuclear replisome (POLD) and damaged DNA binding (ERCC2). Immunohistochemistry of these biomarkers showed that the expression levels of TMEM173 and FADD were significantly associated with the overall survival and progression-free survival of patients with recurrent GBM. CONCLUSIONS The candidate biomarkers identified in our protein analysis may be useful for predicting the clinical response to anti-angiogenic agents in patients with recurred GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwool Jeon
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Translational Biomedical Research Group, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Byun
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Kang
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyeup Lee
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Translational Biomedical Research Group, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ki Hong
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Song
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjoon Chong
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Nam
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Lee
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Nätkin R, Pennanen P, Syvälä H, Bläuer M, Kesseli J, Tammela TLJ, Nykter M, Murtola TJ. Adaptive and non-adaptive gene expression responses in prostate cancer during androgen deprivation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281645. [PMID: 36809527 PMCID: PMC9942993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy is the cornerstone treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Eventually prostate cancer cells overcome androgen deprivation therapy, giving rise to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) characterized by increased androgen receptor (AR) activity. Understanding the cellular mechanisms leading to CRPC is needed for development of novel treatments. We used long-term cell cultures to model CRPC; a testosterone-dependent cell line (VCaP-T) and cell line adapted to grow in low testosterone (VCaP-CT). These were used to uncover persistent and adaptive responses to testosterone level. RNA was sequenced to study AR-regulated genes. Expression level changed due to testosterone depletion in 418 genes in VCaP-T (AR-associated genes). To evaluate significance for CRPC growth, we compared which of them were adaptive i.e., restored expression level in VCaP-CT. Adaptive genes were enriched to steroid metabolism, immune response and lipid metabolism. The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma data were used to assess the association with cancer aggressiveness and progression-free survival. Expressions of 47 AR-associated or association gaining genes were statistically significant markers for progression-free survival. These included genes related to immune response, adhesion and transport. Taken together, we identified and clinically validated multiple genes being linked with progression of prostate cancer and propose several novel risk genes. Possible use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetta Nätkin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (RN); (TJM)
| | - Pasi Pennanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heimo Syvälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja Bläuer
- Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Pancreas Laboratory and Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L. J. Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu J. Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (RN); (TJM)
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16
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Fang Z, Meng Q, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Liu J, Liang C, Hua J, Zhao Y, Yu X, Shi S. Signaling pathways in cancer-associated fibroblasts: recent advances and future perspectives. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 43:3-41. [PMID: 36424360 PMCID: PMC9859735 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer initiation and progression. Well-known signaling pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, Wnt, Hippo, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways, as well as transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), P53, Snail, and Twist, constitute complex regulatory networks in the TME to modulate the formation, activation, heterogeneity, metabolic characteristics and malignant phenotype of CAFs. Activated CAFs remodel the TME and influence the malignant biological processes of cancer cells by altering the transcriptional and secretory characteristics, and this modulation partially depends on the regulation of signaling cascades. The results of preclinical and clinical trials indicated that therapies targeting signaling pathways in CAFs demonstrated promising efficacy but were also accompanied by some failures (e.g., NCT01130142 and NCT01064622). Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the signaling cascades in CAFs might help us better understand the roles of CAFs and the TME in cancer progression and may facilitate the development of more efficient and safer stroma-targeted cancer therapies. Here, we review recent advances in studies of signaling pathways in CAFs and briefly discuss some future perspectives on CAF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengli Fang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Institutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
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17
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Montori M, Scorzoni C, Argenziano ME, Balducci D, De Blasio F, Martini F, Buono T, Benedetti A, Marzioni M, Maroni L. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Cholangiocarcinoma: Current Knowledge and Possible Implications for Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6498. [PMID: 36362726 PMCID: PMC9654416 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive neoplasia with an increasing incidence and mortality. It is characterized by a strong desmoplastic stroma surrounding cancer cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main cell type of CCA stroma and they have an important role in modulating cancer microenvironments. CAFs originate from multiple lines of cells and mainly consist of fibroblasts and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive myofibroblast-like cells. The continuous cross-talking between CCA cells and desmoplastic stroma is permitted by CAF biochemical signals, which modulate a number of pathways. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 expression increases CAF recruitment to the tumor reactive stroma and influences apoptotic pathways. The Bcl-2 family protein enhances susceptibility to CAF apoptosis and PDGFRβ induces fibroblast migration and stimulates tumor lymphangiogenesis. Many factors related to CAFs may influence CCA prognosis. For instance, a better prognosis is associated with IL-33 expression and low stromal IL-6 (whose secretion is stimulated by microRNA). In contrast, a worst prognosis is given by the expression of PDGF-D, podoplanin, SDF-1, α-SMA high expression, and periostin. The maturity phenotype has a prognostic relevance too. New therapeutic strategies involving CAFs are currently under study. Promising results are obtained with anti-PlGF therapy, nintedanib (BIBF1120), navitoclax, IPI-926, resveratrol, and controlled hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Montori
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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18
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Loggenberg SR, Twilley D, De Canha MN, Meyer D, Mabena EC, Lall N. Evaluation of Wound Healing and Antibacterial Potential of Greyia radlkoferi Szyszyl. Ethanolic Leaf Extract. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806285. [PMID: 35479311 PMCID: PMC9035865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential mechanism in both physiological and pathological functions, such as wound healing and cancer metastasis. Several growth factors mediate angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). This study evaluated the potential wound healing activity of Greyia radlkoferi Szyszyl (GR) and its effect on growth factors regulating angiogenesis. The ethanolic leaf extract of GR was evaluated for antibacterial activity against wound associated bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It exhibited antibacterial activity against two strains of S. aureus (ATCC 25293 and ATCC 6538) displaying a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 250 and 500 μg/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extract was investigated for nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and showed a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1266.5 ± 243.95 μg/ml. The extract was further investigated to determine its effect on the proliferation and modulation of growth factors secreted by human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Its effect on wound closure was evaluated using the scratch assay, where non-toxic concentrations were tested, as determined by the antiproliferative assay against HaCat cells (IC50 > 400 μg/ml). Results showed that the extract significantly inhibited wound closure, with a percentage closure of 60.15 ± 1.41% (p < 0.05) and 49.52 ± 1.43% (p < 0.01) at a concentration of 50 and 100 μg/ml, respectively, when compared to the 0.25% Dimethyl sulfoxide vehicle control (65.86 ± 1.12%). Quantification of secreted growth factors from cell-free supernatant, collected from the scratch assay, revealed that the extract significantly decreased the concentration of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA) at both 50 (p < 0.05) and 100 μg/ml (p < 0.001) (443.08 ± 77.36 and 178.98 ± 36.60 pg/ml) when compared to the 0.25% DMSO vehicle control (538.33 ± 12.64 pg/ml). Therefore, whilst the extract showed antibacterial activity against wound associated bacteria, it did not induce wound healing but rather showed a significant inhibition of wound closure, which was confirmed by the inhibition of PDGF-AA, a major growth factor involved in angiogenesis. Therefore, the GR extract, should be considered for further investigation of anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic properties against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Twilley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Marco Nuno De Canha
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Debra Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
- Bio-Tech R and D Institute, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
- *Correspondence: Namrita Lall,
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Kita A, Saito Y, Miura N, Miyajima M, Yamamoto S, Sato T, Yotsuyanagi T, Fujimiya M, Chikenji TS. Altered regulation of mesenchymal cell senescence in adipose tissue promotes pathological changes associated with diabetic wound healing. Commun Biol 2022; 5:310. [PMID: 35383267 PMCID: PMC8983691 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologic diabetic wound healing is caused by sequential and progressive deterioration of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and resolution/remodeling. Cellular senescence promotes wound healing; however, diabetic wounds exhibit low levels of senescent factors and accumulate senescent cells, which impair the healing process. Here we show that the number of p15INK4B + PDGFRα + senescent mesenchymal cells in adipose tissue increases transiently during early phases of wound healing in both non-diabetic mice and humans. Transplantation of adipose tissue from diabetic mice into non-diabetic mice results in impaired wound healing and an altered cellular senescence–associated secretory phenotype (SASP), suggesting that insufficient induction of adipose tissue senescence after injury is a pathological mechanism of diabetic wound healing. These results provide insight into how regulation of senescence in adipose tissue contributes to wound healing and could constitute a basis for developing therapeutic treatment for wound healing impairment in diabetes. Type-2 diabetic adipose tissue impairs transient senescence during wound healing with expression of different components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and this is associated with deteriorated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Kita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Miura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Miyajima
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sena Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takako S Chikenji
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. .,Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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20
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Bisbee C, Campagne O, Gajjar A, Tinkle CL, Stewart CF. Population pharmacokinetics of crenolanib in children and young adults with brain tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 89:459-468. [PMID: 35212779 PMCID: PMC8957602 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Crenolanib, an oral inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptor, was evaluated to treat children and young adults with brain tumors. Crenolanib population pharmacokinetics and covariate influence were characterized in this patient population. METHODS Patients enrolled on this phase I study (NCT01393912) received oral crenolanib once daily. Serial single-dose and steady-state serum pharmacokinetic samples were collected and analyzed using a validated LC-ESI-MS/MS method. Population modeling and covariate analysis evaluating demographics, laboratory values, and comedications were performed. The impact of significant covariates on crenolanib exposure was further explored using model simulations. RESULTS Crenolanib serum concentrations were analyzed for 55 patients (2.1-19.2 years-old) and best fitted with a linear two-compartment model, with delayed absorption modeled with a lag time. A typical patient [8-year-old, body surface area (BSA) 1 m2] had an apparent central clearance, volume, and absorption rate of 41 L/h, 54.3 L, and 0.19 /h, respectively. Patients taking acid reducers (histamine H2 antagonists or proton pump inhibitors) concomitantly exhibited about 2- and 1.7-fold lower clearance and volume (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.018, respectively). Crenolanib clearance increased with BSA (p < 0.0001), and absorption rate decreased with age (p < 0.0001). Model simulations showed cotreatment with an acid reducer was the only covariate significantly altering crenolanib exposure and supported the use of BSA-based crenolanib dosages vs flat-dosages for this population. CONCLUSIONS Crenolanib pharmacokinetics were adequately characterized in children and young adults with brain tumors. Despite marked increased drug exposure with acid reducer cotreatment, crenolanib therapy was well tolerated. No dosing adjustments are recommended for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora Bisbee
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-2794, USA
| | - Olivia Campagne
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-2794, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Christopher L Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Clinton F Stewart
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-2794, USA.
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21
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The Role of PDGFRA in Predicting Oncological and Immune Characteristics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4148805. [PMID: 35378770 PMCID: PMC8976608 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4148805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal solid gastrointestinal malignancy with poor immune infiltration and a limited response to immunotherapy. The aim of our study was to explore the predictive value of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs), which are widely expressed in various tumor cells. Methods Transcriptomic data with follow-up information were obtained from the GEO, TCGA and ArrayExpress. The Kaplan–Meier (KM) method and univariate Cox (UniCox) proportional hazard regression were used to show the survival outcomes of the groups. Immune infiltration was analyzed using the online databases TISCH, TISIDB, TIMER2.0, and TIDE as well as the R packages “estimate” and “GSVA.” Mutation and functional enrichment analyses were conducted using the R packages “maftools,” “clusterProfiler,” and online repository HOME for Researchers. Finally, the results were validated in 79 samples from our cancer center. Results Survival analysis using public databases and the FUSCC cohort indicated PDGFRA to be associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) (both p < 0.05). PDGFRA expression was highest in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of PDAC, as validated in public databases and cell lines from our cancer center. The high expression of PDGFRA was associated with increased immune infiltration and potent T cell cytotoxicity in PDAC. Conclusion In summary, high PDGFRA expression is associated with increased immune infiltration and prolonged OS. This finding might provide a new strategy for regulating immune cell infiltration in PDAC and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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22
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Del Giudice S, De Luca V, Parizadeh S, Russo D, Luini A, Di Martino R. Endogenous and Exogenous Regulatory Signaling in the Secretory Pathway: Role of Golgi Signaling Molecules in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833663. [PMID: 35399533 PMCID: PMC8984190 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthetic transport route that constitutes the secretory pathway plays a fundamental role in the cell, providing to the synthesis and transport of around one third of human proteins and most lipids. Signaling molecules within autoregulatory circuits on the intracellular membranes of the secretory pathway regulate these processes, especially at the level of the Golgi complex. Indeed, cancer cells can hijack several of these signaling molecules, and therefore also the underlying regulated processes, to bolster their growth or gain more aggressive phenotypes. Here, we review the most important autoregulatory circuits acting on the Golgi, emphasizing the role of specific signaling molecules in cancer. In fact, we propose to draw awareness to highlight the Golgi-localized regulatory systems as potential targets in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Luini
- *Correspondence: Alberto Luini, ; Rosaria Di Martino,
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23
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Stability and context of intercalated motifs (i-motifs) for biological applications. Biochimie 2022; 198:33-47. [PMID: 35259471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA is naturally dynamic and can self-assemble into alternative secondary structures including the intercalated motif (i-motif), a four-stranded structure formed in cytosine-rich DNA sequences. Until recently, i-motifs were thought to be unstable in physiological cellular environments. Studies demonstrating their existence in the human genome and role in gene regulation are now shining light on their biological relevance. Herein, we review the effects of epigenetic modifications on i-motif structure and stability, and biological factors that affect i-motif formation within cells. Furthermore, we highlight recent progress in targeting i-motifs with structure-specific ligands for biotechnology and therapeutic purposes.
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24
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Suzuki J, Tsuboi M, Ishii G. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and the tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:169-182. [PMID: 34904919 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2019018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a markedly poor prognosis as it progresses, and the prognosis is still unsatisfactory even with modern treatments. Cancer is composed of not only cancer cells, but also stroma consisting of various cell types. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the stroma and the associated tumor microenvironment (TME). Particularly, CAFs are a critical component in elucidating the biological mechanisms of cancer progression and new therapeutic targets. This article outlines the TME formed by CAFs in NSCLC. AREAS COVERED Focusing on the TME in NSCLC, we discuss the mechanisms by which CAFs are involved in cancer progression, drug resistance, and the development of therapies targeting CAFs. EXPERT OPINION In the TME, CAFs profoundly contribute to tumor progression by interacting with cancer cells through direct contact or paracrine cytokine signaling. CAFs also interact with various other stromal components to establish a tumor-promoting immunosuppressive microenvironment and remodel the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, these effects are closely associated with drug resistance. Further elucidation of the stromal microenvironment, including CAFs, could prove to be crucial in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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25
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Crook T, Patil D, Nagarkar R, Gaya A, Plowman N, Limaye S, Srivastava N, Akolkar D, Ranade A, Bhatt A, Datta V, Bose C, Apurwa S, Patil S, Kumar P, Srinivasan A, Datar R. Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Personalized Combination Regimens for the Treatment of Advanced Refractory Cancers. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2021; 1:749283. [PMID: 39087078 PMCID: PMC11285706 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2021.749283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Angiogenic factors are commonly activated in solid tumors and present a viable therapeutic target. However, anticancer treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors (AGI) is limited to a few cancers, mostly as monotherapy and not selected based on molecular indications. We aimed to determine whether patient-specific combination regimens with AGI and other anticancer agents when selected based on multi-analyte tumor interrogation (ETA: Encyclopedic Tumor Analysis) can expand the scope of AGIs in advanced refractory solid organ cancers with improved treatment responses. Methods: We evaluated treatment outcomes in 60 patients with advanced, refractory solid organ cancers who received ETA-guided combination regimens of AGI with other targeted, endocrine or cytotoxic agents. Radiological evaluation of treatment response was followed by determination of Objective Response Rate (ORR), Disease Control Rate (DCR), Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS). Results: Among the 60 patients, Partial Response (PR) was observed in 28 cases (46.7%), Stable Disease (SD) was observed in 29 cases (48.3%) and Disease Progression (PD, within 60 days) was observed in 3 cases (5.0%). The ORR was 46.7% and DCR was 95.0%. At the most recent follow-up the median PFS (mPFS) was 5.0 months and median OS (mOS) was 8.9 months. There were no Grade 4 therapy related adverse events or treatment related deaths. Conclusion: ETA-guided patient-specific combination regimens with AGI and other anti-neoplastic agents, can yield improved outcomes over AGI monotherapy. Trial Registration: Details of all trials are available at WHO-ICTRP: https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/. RESILIENT ID CTRI/2018/02/011,808. LIQUID IMPACT ID CTRI/2019/02/017,548.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sewanti Limaye
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Mumbai, India
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Eltanahy AM, Koluib YA, Gonzales A. Pericytes: Intrinsic Transportation Engineers of the CNS Microcirculation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:719701. [PMID: 34497540 PMCID: PMC8421025 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.719701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericytes in the brain are candidate regulators of microcirculatory blood flow because they are strategically positioned along the microvasculature, contain contractile proteins, respond rapidly to neuronal activation, and synchronize microvascular dynamics and neurovascular coupling within the capillary network. Analyses of mice with defects in pericyte generation demonstrate that pericytes are necessary for the formation of the blood-brain barrier, development of the glymphatic system, immune homeostasis, and white matter function. The development, identity, specialization, and progeny of different subtypes of pericytes, however, remain unclear. Pericytes perform brain-wide 'transportation engineering' functions in the capillary network, instructing, integrating, and coordinating signals within the cellular communicome in the neurovascular unit to efficiently distribute oxygen and nutrients ('goods and services') throughout the microvasculature ('transportation grid'). In this review, we identify emerging challenges in pericyte biology and shed light on potential pericyte-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Eltanahy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Yara A. Koluib
- Tanta University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Albert Gonzales
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
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27
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Huang X, Khoong Y, Han C, Su D, Ma H, Gu S, Li Q, Zan T. Targeting Dermal Fibroblast Subtypes in Antifibrotic Therapy: Surface Marker as a Cellular Identity or a Functional Entity? Front Physiol 2021; 12:694605. [PMID: 34335301 PMCID: PMC8319956 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the chief effector cells in fibrotic diseases and have been discovered to be highly heterogeneous. Recently, fibroblast heterogeneity in human skin has been studied extensively and several surface markers for dermal fibroblast subtypes have been identified, holding promise for future antifibrotic therapies. However, it has yet to be confirmed whether surface markers should be looked upon as merely lineage landmarks or as functional entities of fibroblast subtypes, which may further complicate the interpretation of cellular function of these fibroblast subtypes. This review aims to provide an update on current evidence on fibroblast surface markers in fibrotic disorders of skin as well as of other organ systems. Specifically, studies where surface markers were treated as lineage markers and manipulated as functional membrane proteins are both evaluated in parallel, hoping to reveal the underlying mechanism behind the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis contributed by various fibroblast subtypes from multiple angles, shedding lights on future translational researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyao Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Wyss CB, Duffey N, Peyvandi S, Barras D, Martinez Usatorre A, Coquoz O, Romero P, Delorenzi M, Lorusso G, Rüegg C. Gain of HIF1 Activity and Loss of miRNA let-7d Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Brain via the PDGF/PDGFR Axis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:594-605. [PMID: 33526470 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early detection and adjuvant therapies have significantly improved survival of patients with breast cancer over the past three decades. In contrast, management of metastatic disease remains unresolved. Brain metastasis is a late complication frequently observed among patients with metastatic breast cancer, whose poor prognosis calls for novel and more effective therapies. Here, we report that active hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF1) signaling and loss of the miRNA let-7d concur to promote brain metastasis in a recently established model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis from the primary site to the brain (4T1-BM2), and additionally in murine and human experimental models of breast cancer brain metastasis (D2A1-BM2 and MDA231-BrM2). Active HIF1 and let-7d loss upregulated expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B/A in murine and human brain metastatic cells, respectively, while either individual silencing of HIF1α and PDGF-A/B or let-7d overexpression suppressed brain metastasis formation in the tested models. Let-7d silencing upregulated HIF1α expression and HIF1 activity, indicating a regulatory hierarchy of the system. The clinical relevance of the identified targets was supported by human gene expression data analyses. Treatment of mice with nilotinib, a kinase inhibitor impinging on PDGF receptor (PDGFR) signaling, prevented formation of spontaneous brain metastases in the 4T1-BM2 model and reduced growth of established brain metastases in mouse and human models. These results identify active HIF1 signaling and let-7d loss as coordinated events promoting breast cancer brain metastasis through increased expression of PDGF-A/B. Moreover, they identify PDGFR inhibition as a potentially actionable therapeutic strategy for patients with brain metastatis. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that loss of miRNA let-7d and active HIF1 signaling promotes breast cancer brain metastasis via PDGF and that pharmacologic inhibition of PDGFR suppresses brain metastasis, suggesting novel therapeutic opportunities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/3/594/F1.large.jpg.See related article by Thies et al., p. 606.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof B Wyss
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Duffey
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sanam Peyvandi
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Barras
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amaïa Martinez Usatorre
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oriana Coquoz
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Girieca Lorusso
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Pathology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology (OMI), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Kim JW, Lee S, Kim HS, Choi YJ, Yoo J, Park KU, Kang SY, Park YH, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Oh HS, Choi IS, Kim HJ, Lee KH, Lee S, Seo JH, Park IH, Lee KE, Kim HY, Park KH. Prognostic effects of cytokine levels on patients treated with taxane and zoledronic acid for metastatic breast cancer in bone (BEAT-ZO) (KCSG BR 10-13). Cytokine 2021; 142:155487. [PMID: 33770643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the skeleton causing major mobility issues and hazards to quality of life. To manage osteolytic bone metastasis, bone-modifying agents and chemotherapy are recommended as the standard of care. Here, we investigated serologic biomarkers that might be associated with prognosis in breast cancer patients treated with zoledronic acid (ZA) and taxane-based chemotherapy. We collected serum samples from breast cancer patients with bone metastasis who received taxane plus ZA as palliative treatment. Fourteen biomarkers of angiogenesis, immunogenicity, and apoptosis were assessed, and the correlation between serum cytokine levels and patient's prognosis was statistically analyzed. Sixty-six patients were enrolled, and samples from 40 patients were analyzed after laboratory quality control. Patients with low baseline PDGF-AA, high IFN-γ, low MCP-2, low TGF-β1, and low TNF-α were significantly associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS). Decreasing VEGF and TNF-α and increasing FGF-2 and PDGF-AA in the early treatment phase indicated longer PFS. In univariate and multivariate analyses, low TGF-β1 and TNF-α and high IFN-γ at baseline were associated with a significantly low hazard ratio for disease progression. Further, we designed a risk score with TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels, which could prognosticate patients for PFS. In conclusion, serum cytokine level, such as TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, could be a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis treated with ZA and taxane-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Won Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyeon Lee
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Kim
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Choi
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Yoo
- YooJin BioSoft Co., Ltd, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Uk Park
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Yun Kang
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Suk Oh
- Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sil Choi
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Kim
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suee Lee
- Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hae Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Kim
- Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hwa Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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30
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Ao J, Chiba T, Kanzaki H, Kanayama K, Shibata S, Kurosugi A, Iwanaga T, Kan M, Sakuma T, Qiang N, Ma Y, Kojima R, Kusakabe Y, Nakamura M, Kobayashi K, Kiyono S, Kanogawa N, Saito T, Nakagawa R, Kondo T, Ogasawara S, Suzuki E, Nakamoto S, Muroyama R, Tawada A, Kato J, Kanda T, Maruyama H, Kato N. Serum Angiopoietin 2 acts as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:2694-2701. [PMID: 33854629 PMCID: PMC8040723 DOI: 10.7150/jca.56436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is typically accompanied by abundant arterial blood flow. Although angiogenic growth factors such as Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) play a central role in tumor angiogenesis in HCC, the role of serum Ang2 as a biomarker in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of Ang2 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median Ang2 levels in controls (n=20), chronic liver disease patients (n=98), and HCC patients (n=275) were 1.58, 2.33, and 3.53 ng/mL, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of Ang2 was determined as 3.5 ng/mL by receiver operating curve analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Ang2 for HCC detection were 50.9, 83.7, and 59.5%, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis demonstrated only a weak correlation between Ang2 serum levels and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) serum levels. The diagnostic value of Ang2 was comparable to those of other existing markers. In addition, 24 out of 73 patients with normal AFP and DCP levels (32.9%) demonstrated abnormally high Ang2 levels (≥3.5 ng/mL). Although no significant difference in overall survival was found between Ang2high and Ang2low patients with curative ablation therapy, recurrence-free survival (RFS) in Ang2high patients was observed to be significantly shorter than those in Ang2low patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high serum Ang2 levels (≥3.5 ng/mL) and the presence of multiple tumors were poor prognostic factors. In conclusion, our findings indicate that serum Ang2 is a potential novel biomarker for both diagnosis and prognosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kengo Kanayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shuhei Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akane Kurosugi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Terunao Iwanaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Kan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sakuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Na Qiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yaojia Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuko Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kiyono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoya Kanogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Sadahisa Ogasawara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Muroyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akinobu Tawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Hernández IB, Kromhout JZ, Teske E, Hennink WE, van Nimwegen SA, Oliveira S. Molecular targets for anticancer therapies in companion animals and humans: what can we learn from each other? Theranostics 2021; 11:3882-3897. [PMID: 33664868 PMCID: PMC7914358 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite clinical successes in the treatment of some early stage cancers, it is undeniable that novel and innovative approaches are needed to aid in the fight against cancer. Targeted therapies offer the desirable feature of tumor specificity while sparing healthy tissues, thereby minimizing side effects. However, the success rate of translation of these therapies from the preclinical setting to the clinic is dramatically low, highlighting an important point of necessary improvement in the drug development process in the oncology field. The practice of a comparative oncology approach can address some of the current issues, by introducing companion animals with spontaneous tumors in the linear drug development programs. In this way, animals from the veterinary clinic get access to novel/innovative therapies, otherwise inaccessible, while generating robust data to aid therapy refinement and increase translational success. In this review, we present an overview of targetable membrane proteins expressed in the most well-characterized canine and feline solid cancers, greatly resembling the counterpart human malignancies. We identified particular areas in which a closer collaboration between the human and veterinary clinic would benefit both human and veterinary patients. Considerations and challenges to implement comparative oncology in the development of anticancer targeted therapies are also discussed.
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32
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Vacchelli E, Galluzzi L, Eggermont A, Galon J, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Trial Watch: Immunostimulatory cytokines. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:493-506. [PMID: 22754768 PMCID: PMC3382908 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades, a number of approaches for the activation of the immune system against cancer has been developed. These include highly specific interventions, such as monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and cell-based therapies, as well as relatively unselective strategies, such as the systemic administration of adjuvants and immunomodulatory cytokines. Cytokines constitute a huge group of proteins that, taken together, regulate not only virtually all the aspects of innate and cognate immunity, but also several other cellular and organismal functions. Cytokines operate via specific transmembrane receptors that are expressed on the plasma membrane of target cells and, depending on multiple variables, can engage autocrine, paracrine or endocrine signaling pathways. The most appropriate term for defining the cytokine network is “pleiotropic”: cytokines are produced by - and operate on - multiple, often overlapping, cell types, triggering context-depend biological outcomes as diverse as cell proliferation, chemotaxis, differentiation, inflammation, elimination of pathogens and cell death. Moreover, cytokines often induce the release of additional cytokines, thereby engaging self-amplificatory or self-inhibitory signaling cascades. In this Trial Watch, we will summarize the biological properties of cytokines and discuss the progress of ongoing clinical studies evaluating their safety and efficacy as immunomodulatory agents against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Vacchelli
- INSERM; U848; Villejuif, France ; Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Paris, France
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Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Astigarraga I. Use of Antiangiogenic Therapies in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E253. [PMID: 33445470 PMCID: PMC7827326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an important cause of death in childhood. In recent years, scientists have made an important effort to achieve greater precision and more personalized treatments against cancer. But since only a few pediatric patients have identifiable therapeutic targets, other ways to stop the neoplastic cell proliferation and dissemination are needed. Therefore, the inhibition of general processes involved in the growth and behavior of tumors can be a relevant strategy for the development of new cancer therapies. In the case of solid tumors, one of these processes is angiogenesis, essential for tumor growth and generation of metastases. This review summarizes the results obtained with the use of antiangiogenic drugs in the main pediatric malignant solid tumors and also an overview of clinical trials currently underway. It should be noted that due to the rarity and heterogeneity of the different types of pediatric cancer, most studies on antiangiogenic drugs include only a small number of patients or isolated clinical cases, so they are not conclusive and further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Pediatric Oncology Group, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Pediatric Oncology Group, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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34
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Mahmoud N, Saeed MEM, Sugimoto Y, Klinger A, Fleischer E, Efferth T. Putative molecular determinants mediating sensitivity or resistance towards carnosic acid tumor cell responses. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 77:153271. [PMID: 32659679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnosic acid (CA) is one of the main constituents in rosemary extract. It possesses valuable pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies investigated the anticancer profile of CA and emphasized its potentiality for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the role of multidrug-resistance (MDR) related mechanisms for CA's anticancer effect is not yet known. PURPOSE We investigated the cytotoxicity of CA against known mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance (P-gp, ABCB5, BCRP, EGFR and p53) and determined novel putative molecular factors associated with cellular response towards CA. STUDY DESIGN Cytotoxicity assays, bioinformatic analysis, flow cytometry and western blotting were performed to identify the mode of action of CA towards cancer cells. METHODS The cytotoxicity to CA was assessed using the resazurin assays in cell lines expressing the mentioned resistance mechanisms. A pharmacogenomic characterization of the NCI 60 cell line panel was applied via COMPARE, hierarchical cluster and network analyses. Flow cytometry was used to detect cellular mode of death and ROS generation. Changes in proteins-related to apoptosis were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Cell lines expressing ABC transporters (P-gp, BCRP or ABCB5), mutant EGFR or p53 were not cross-resistant to CA compared to their parental counterparts. By pharmacogenomic approaches, we identified genes that belong to different functional groups (e.g. signal transduction, regulation of cytoskeleton and developmental regulatory system). These genes were predicted as molecular determinants that mediate CA tumor cellular responses. The top affected biofunctions included cellular development, cellular proliferation and cellular death and survival. The effect of CA-mediated apoptosis in leukemia cells, which were recognized as the most sensitive tumor type, was confirmed via flow cytometry and western blot analysis. CONCLUSION CA may provide a novel treatment option to target refractory tumors and to effectively cooperate with established chemotherapy. Using pharmacogenomic approaches and network pharmacology, the relationship between cancer complexity and multi-target potentials of CA was analyzed and many putative molecular determinants were identified. They could serve as novel targets for CA and further studies are needed to translate the possible implications to clinical cancer treatment.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/metabolism
- Abietanes/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Humans
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Pharmacogenetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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35
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Gundle KR, Deutsch GB, Goodman HJ, Pollack SM, Thompson MJ, Davis JL, Lee MY, Ramirez DC, Kerwin W, Bertout JA, Grenley MO, Sottero KHW, Beirne E, Frazier J, Dey J, Ellison M, Klinghoffer RA, Maki RG. Multiplexed Evaluation of Microdosed Antineoplastic Agents In Situ in the Tumor Microenvironment of Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3958-3968. [PMID: 32299817 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A persistent issue in cancer drug development is the discordance between robust antitumor drug activity observed in laboratory models and the limited benefit frequently observed when patients are treated with the same agents in clinical trials. Difficulties in accurately modeling the complexities of human tumors may underlie this problem. To address this issue, we developed Comparative In Vivo Oncology (CIVO), which enables in situ investigation of multiple microdosed drugs simultaneously in a patient's tumor. This study was designed to test CIVO's safety and feasibility in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single arm, prospective, 13-patient pilot study. Patients scheduled for incisional biopsy or tumor resection were CIVO-injected 1 to 3 days prior to surgery. Saline or microdoses of anticancer agents were percutaneously injected into the tumor in a columnar fashion through each of eight needles. Following excision, drug responses were evaluated in the injected tissue. RESULTS The primary objective was met, establishing CIVO's feasibility and safety. Device-related adverse events were limited to transient grade 1 nonserious events. In addition, biomarker evaluation of localized tumor response to CIVO microinjected drugs by IHC or with NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler demonstrated consistency with known mechanisms of action of each drug, impact on the tumor microenvironment, and historic clinical activity. CONCLUSIONS These results are an advance toward use of CIVO as a translational research tool for early evaluation of investigational agents and drug combinations in a novel approach to phase 0 trials.See related commentary by Sleijfer and Lolkema, p. 3897.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Gundle
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Operative Care Division, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | - Gary B Deutsch
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Howard J Goodman
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Seth M Pollack
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew J Thompson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jessica L Davis
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mee-Young Lee
- Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Monter Cancer Center, North New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Daniel C Ramirez
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joyoti Dey
- Presage Biosciences, Inc., Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Robert G Maki
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
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36
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Revisiting Cancer Stem Cells as the Origin of Cancer-Associated Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Hypothetical View from the Potential of iPSCs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040879. [PMID: 32260363 PMCID: PMC7226406 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has an essential role in tumor initiation and development. Tumor cells are considered to actively create their microenvironment during tumorigenesis and tumor development. The TME contains multiple types of stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), Tumor endothelial cells (TECs), tumor-associated adipocytes (TAAs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and others. These cells work together and with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and many other factors to coordinately contribute to tumor growth and maintenance. Although the types and functions of TME cells are well understood, the origin of these cells is still obscure. Many scientists have tried to demonstrate the origin of these cells. Some researchers postulated that TME cells originated from surrounding normal tissues, and others demonstrated that the origin is cancer cells. Recent evidence demonstrates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) have differentiation abilities to generate the original lineage cells for promoting tumor growth and metastasis. The differentiation of CSCs into tumor stromal cells provides a new dimension that explains tumor heterogeneity. Using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), our group postulates that CSCs could be one of the key sources of CAFs, TECs, TAAs, and TAMs as well as the descendants, which support the self-renewal potential of the cells and exhibit heterogeneity. In this review, we summarize TME components, their interactions within the TME and their insight into cancer therapy. Especially, we focus on the TME cells and their possible origin and also discuss the multi-lineage differentiation potentials of CSCs exploiting iPSCs to create a society of cells in cancer tissues including TME.
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37
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Li Z, Zheng Z, Li C, Li Z, Wu J, Zhang B. Therapeutic drugs and drug delivery systems targeting stromal cells for cancer therapy: a review. J Drug Target 2020; 28:714-726. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1744157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zengjuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingliang Wu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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38
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Recent Advances in Head and Neck Tumor Microenvironment-Based Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1296:11-31. [PMID: 34185284 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59038-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a group of heterogeneous aggressive tumors affecting more than half a million patients worldwide annually. While the tobacco- and alcohol-associated HNSCC tumors are declining, human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced tumors are on rise. Despite recent advances in multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery in combination with chemoradiation therapy (CRT), the overall 5-year survival has not improved more than 50%. The underlying reasons for this dismal prognosis is the intrinsic or acquired resistance to CRT. While previous studies were focused to target tumor cells, recent findings have implicated the involvement of tumor microenvironment (TME) on tumor progression and response to therapy. HNSCC TME includes cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), endothelial cells, immune cells, endocrine cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including collagen and fibronectin. Understanding the crosstalk between TME and cancer cells is important to formulate more effective novel therapies and to overcome resistance mechanisms. Here, we summarized the current literature on recent advances on HNSCC TME with special emphasis on novel cell-cell interactions and therapies currently under development.
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Tsioumpekou M, Cunha SI, Ma H, Åhgren A, Cedervall J, Olsson AK, Heldin CH, Lennartsson J. Specific targeting of PDGFRβ in the stroma inhibits growth and angiogenesis in tumors with high PDGF-BB expression. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1122-1135. [PMID: 31938055 PMCID: PMC6956815 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PDGF-BB/PDGFRβ signaling plays an important role during vascularization by mediating pericyte recruitment to the vasculature, promoting the integrity and function of vessels. Until now it has not been possible to assess the specific role of PDGFRβ signaling in tumor progression and angiogenesis due to lack of appropriate animal models and molecular tools. Methods: In the present study, we used a transgenic knock-in mouse strain carrying a silent mutation in the PDGFRβ ATP binding site that allows specific targeting of PDGFRβ using the compound 1-NaPP1. To evaluate the impact of selective PDGFRβ inhibition of stromal cells on tumor growth we investigated four tumor cell lines with no or low PDGFRβ expression, i.e. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), EO771 breast carcinoma, B16 melanoma and a version of B16 that had been engineered to overexpress PDGF-BB (B16/PDGF-BB). Results: We found that specific impairment of PDGFRβ kinase activity by 1-NaPP1 treatment efficiently suppressed growth in tumors with high expression of PDGF-BB, i.e. LLC and B16/PDGF-BB, while the clinically used PDGFRβ kinase inhibitor imatinib did not suppress tumor growth. Notably, tumors with low levels of PDGF-BB, i.e. EO771 and B16, neither responded to 1-NaPP1 nor to imatinib treatment. Inhibition of PDGFRβ by either drug impaired tumor vascularization and also affected pericyte coverage; however, specific targeting of PDGFRβ by 1-NaPP1 resulted in a more pronounced decrease in vessel function with increased vessel apoptosis in high PDGF-BB expressing tumors, compared to treatment with imatinib. In vitro analysis of PDGFRβ ASKA mouse embryo fibroblasts and the mesenchymal progenitor cell line 10T1/2 revealed that PDGF-BB induced NG2 expression, consistent with the in vivo data. Conclusion: Specific targeting of PDGFRβ signaling significantly inhibits tumor progression and angiogenesis depending on PDGF-BB expression. Our data suggest that targeting PDGFRβ in the tumor stroma could have therapeutic value in patients with high tumor PDGF-BB expression.
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Dominguez CX, Müller S, Keerthivasan S, Koeppen H, Hung J, Gierke S, Breart B, Foreman O, Bainbridge TW, Castiglioni A, Senbabaoglu Y, Modrusan Z, Liang Y, Junttila MR, Klijn C, Bourgon R, Turley SJ. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Stromal Evolution into LRRC15 + Myofibroblasts as a Determinant of Patient Response to Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov 2019; 10:232-253. [PMID: 31699795 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With only a fraction of patients responding to cancer immunotherapy, a better understanding of the entire tumor microenvironment is needed. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we chart the fibroblastic landscape during pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression in animal models. We identify a population of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) that are programmed by TGFβ and express the leucine-rich repeat containing 15 (LRRC15) protein. These LRRC15+ CAFs surround tumor islets and are absent from normal pancreatic tissue. The presence of LRRC15+ CAFs in human patients was confirmed in >80,000 single cells from 22 patients with PDAC as well as by using IHC on samples from 70 patients. Furthermore, immunotherapy clinical trials comprising more than 600 patients across six cancer types revealed elevated levels of the LRRC15+ CAF signature correlated with poor response to anti-PD-L1 therapy. This work has important implications for targeting nonimmune elements of the tumor microenvironment to boost responses of patients with cancer to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes the single-cell landscape of CAFs in pancreatic cancer during in vivo tumor evolution. A TGFβ-driven, LRRC15+ CAF lineage is associated with poor outcome in immunotherapy trial data comprising multiple solid-tumor entities and represents a target for combinatorial therapy.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 161.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sören Müller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Hartmut Koeppen
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Jeffrey Hung
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Sarah Gierke
- Center for Advanced Light Microscopy, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Beatrice Breart
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Oded Foreman
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Yasin Senbabaoglu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics & Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Yuxin Liang
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics & Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Melissa R Junttila
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Christiaan Klijn
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Richard Bourgon
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Shannon J Turley
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California.
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Kadel D, Zhang Y, Sun HR, Zhao Y, Dong QZ, Qin LX. Current perspectives of cancer-associated fibroblast in therapeutic resistance: potential mechanism and future strategy. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 35:407-421. [PMID: 30680600 PMCID: PMC6881418 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The goal of cancer eradication has been overshadowed despite the continuous improvement in research and generation of novel cancer therapeutic drugs. One of the undeniable existing problems is drug resistance due to which the paradigm of killing all cancer cells is ineffective. Tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in inducing drug resistance besides cancer development and progression. Recently, many efforts have been devoted to understand the role of tumor microenvironment in cancer drug resistance as it provides the shelter, nutrition, and paracrine niche for cancer cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one major component of tumor microenvironment, reside in symbiotic relationship with cancer cells, supporting them to survive from cancer drugs. The present review summarizes the recent understandings in the role of CAFs in drug resistance in various tumors. Acknowledging the fact that drug resistance depends not only upon cancer cells but also upon the microenvironment niche could guide us to formulate novel cancer drugs and provide the optimal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruba Kadel
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hao-Ran Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qiong-Zhu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Lun-Xiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Cancer Metastasis institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhuo YJ, Shi Y, Wu T. NRP-1 and KDR polymorphisms are associated with survival time in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4629-4638. [PMID: 31611971 PMCID: PMC6781724 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a member of the NRP-family, has been reported to be vital for tumor angiogenesis, growth and metastasis. As a co-receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), NRP-1 can bind to VEGF and meditate vascular development through the VEGF-VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, NRP-1 is capable of binding with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to regulate the PDGF-PDGF receptor (PDGR) signaling pathway in tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, The DNA was obtained from the paraffin-embedded tissues of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), amplified using PCR and subsequently sequenced to determine the polymorphisms within NRP-1, VEGFR2 [kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)] and PDGF. The effect of the functional polymorphism of the aforementioned genes on the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of 81 patients with advanced gastric cancer was examined. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of KDR were significantly associated with clinical outcomes. The rs1870377 TT genotype was positively associated with longer OS and PFS times compared with the AA+AT genotype (PFS, P=0.012; OS, P=0.038), the rs7692791 wild-type TT genotype was positively associated with longer PFS time and the rs2034965 AA+GA genotype was associated with shorter OS time (P=0.034). With regards to the SNPs of NRP-1, the rs2065364 AA genotype was significantly associated with improved OS and PFS times (PFS, P=0.023; OS, P=0.045). Following multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression models, patients with the KDR rs7692791 TT genotype experienced a longer PFS time compared with those with the CT genotype (P=0.016), and patients with the NRP-1 rs2065364 variant-type AA genotype still experienced a longer PFS time compared with those patients with the AG+GG genotypes (P=0.006). Regarding OS, the results demonstrated that the KDR rs2034965 AG+GG genotypes presented with a significant reduction in OS time (P=0.029), and that the KDR rs1870377 AT+AA genotypes had worse OS times compared with the wild-type TT genotype (P=0.021). In addition, increased mortality risk and AGC progression were significantly associated with the number of adverse alleles for combinations of NRP-1 rs2065364 and KDR rs1870377. In conclusion, the data from the present study demonstrated that the selected KDR and NRP-1 gene polymorphisms may be potential prognostic biomarkers in AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Jian Zhuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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Agorku DJ, Langhammer A, Heider U, Wild S, Bosio A, Hardt O. CD49b, CD87, and CD95 Are Markers for Activated Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Whereas CD39 Marks Quiescent Normal Fibroblasts in Murine Tumor Models. Front Oncol 2019; 9:716. [PMID: 31428583 PMCID: PMC6690267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are thought to be key players in the tumor microenvironment. Means to identify and isolate fibroblasts as well as an understanding of their cancer-specific features are essential to dissect their role in tumor biology. To date, the identification of cancer-associated fibroblasts is widely based on generic markers for activated fibroblasts in combination with their origin in tumor tissue. This study was focused on a deep characterization of the cell surface marker profile of cancer-associated fibroblasts in widely used mouse tumor models and defining aberrant expression profiles by comparing them to their healthy counterparts. We established a generic workflow to isolate healthy and cancer-associated fibroblasts from solid tissues, thereby reducing bias, and background noise introduced by non-target cells. We identified CD87, CD44, CD49b, CD95, and Ly-6C as cancer-associated fibroblast cell surface markers, while CD39 was identified to mark normal fibroblasts from healthy tissues. In addition, we found a functional association of most cancer-related fibroblast markers to proliferation and a systemic upregulation of CD87, and CD49b in tumor-bearing mice, even in non-affected tissues. These novel markers will facilitate the characterization of fibroblasts and shed further light in their functions and implication in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Agorku
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.,HAN Master Programmes, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Ute Heider
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
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Cornillie J, Wozniak A, Van Renterghem B, Van Winkel N, Wellens J, Gebreyohannes YK, Debiec-Rychter M, Sciot R, Hompes D, Schöffski P. Assessment of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha antibody olaratumab in a panel of patient-derived soft tissue sarcoma xenografts. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:724. [PMID: 31331295 PMCID: PMC6647161 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) comprises a family of rare, heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin. Single-agent doxorubicin remains the first-line standard-of-care treatment for advanced and inoperable STS, but response rates are only around 15%. In 2016, phase Ib/II clinical trial results reported an overall survival benefit of 11.8 months when combining doxorubicin and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA)-directed antibody olaratumab compared to doxorubicin alone, without providing a scientific rationale for such unprecedented therapeutic effect. We decided to evaluate the efficacy of olaratumab in a panel of STS patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Methods NMRI nu/nu mice were bilaterally transplanted with tumor tissue of patient-derived xenograft models expressing PDGFRA, including models of leiomyosarcoma (UZLX-STS22), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (UZLX-STS39), myxofibrosarcoma (UZLX-STS59) and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UZLX-STS84). Mice were randomly divided into four different treatment groups: (1) control, (2) doxorubicin (3 mg/kg once weekly), (3) anti-PDGFRA [olaratumab (60 mg/kg twice weekly) + mouse anti-PDGFRA antibody 1E10 (20 mg/kg twice weekly)] and (4) the combination of doxorubicin and anti-PDGFRA (same dose/schedule as in the single treatment arms). Tumor volume, histopathology and Western blotting were used to assess treatment efficacy. Results Anti-PDGFRA treatment as a single agent did not reduce tumor growth and did not result in significant anti-proliferative or pro-apoptotic activity. Combining doxorubicin and anti-PDGFRA did not reduce tumor burden, though a mild inhibition of proliferation was observed in UZLX-STS39 and -STS59. A pro-apoptotic effect was observed in all models except UZLX-STS22. Antitumor effects on histology were not significantly different comparing doxorubicin and the combination treatment. Moreover, anti-PDGFRA treatment, both as a single agent as well as combined with doxorubicin, did not result in inhibition of the downstream MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Conclusions We were not able to demonstrate significant antitumor effects of anti-PDGFRA treatment in selected STS PDX models, neither alone nor in combination with doxorubicin. This is in line with the very recent results of the phase III clinical trial NCT02451943 ANNOUNCE, which did not confirm the clinical benefit of olaratumab in combination with doxorubicin over single agent doxorubicin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5872-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmien Cornillie
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Agnieszka Wozniak
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Britt Van Renterghem
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Van Winkel
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jasmien Wellens
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yemarshet K Gebreyohannes
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Debiec-Rychter
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raf Sciot
- Department of Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daphne Hompes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology and Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hessmann E, Ellenrieder V. Chromatin remodelling controls pancreatic tissue fate. Gut 2019; 68:1139-1140. [PMID: 30890543 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Wang W, Friedland SC, Guo B, O’Dell MR, Alexander WB, Whitney-Miller CL, Agostini-Vulaj D, Huber AR, Myers JR, Ashton JM, Dunne RF, Steiner LA, Hezel AF. ARID1A, a SWI/SNF subunit, is critical to acinar cell homeostasis and regeneration and is a barrier to transformation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the pancreas. Gut 2019; 68:1245-1258. [PMID: 30228219 PMCID: PMC6551318 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here, we evaluate the contribution of AT-rich interaction domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A), the most frequently mutated member of the SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex, in pancreatic homeostasis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) pathogenesis using mouse models. DESIGN Mice with a targeted deletion of Arid1a in the pancreas by itself and in the context of two common genetic alterations in PDAC, Kras and p53, were followed longitudinally. Pancreases were examined and analysed for proliferation, response to injury and tumourigenesis. Cancer cell lines derived from these models were analysed for clonogenic, migratory, invasive and transcriptomic changes. RESULTS Arid1a deletion in the pancreas results in progressive acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), loss of acinar mass, diminished acinar regeneration in response to injury and ductal cell expansion. Mutant Kras cooperates with homozygous deletion of Arid1a, leading to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Arid1a loss in the context of mutant Kras and p53 leads to shorter tumour latency, with the resulting tumours being poorly differentiated. Cancer cell lines derived from Arid1a-mutant tumours are more mesenchymal, migratory, invasive and capable of anchorage-independent growth; gene expression analysis showed activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell identity pathways that are partially dependent on Arid1a loss for dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS ARID1A plays a key role in pancreatic acinar homeostasis and response to injury. Furthermore, ARID1A restrains oncogenic KRAS-driven formation of premalignant proliferative IPMN. Arid1a-deficient PDACs are poorly differentiated and have mesenchymal features conferring migratory/invasive and stem-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott C Friedland
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Michael R O’Dell
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - William B Alexander
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Christa L Whitney-Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Diana Agostini-Vulaj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Aaron R Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John M Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Richard F Dunne
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Laurie A Steiner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Aram F Hezel
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Sözmen M, Devrim AK, Sudağıdan M, Kabak YB, Beytut E, Özba B. Significance of Angiogenic Growth Factors in Bovine Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Comp Pathol 2019; 170:60-69. [PMID: 31375160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) is the most common and economically significant neoplasm of the eye in cattle. This study investigated the role of angiogenic growth factors in the pathogenesis of BOSCC. Eighteen cases of BOSCC were classified histopathologically according to the degree of differentiation. Normal upper and lower eyelids and third eyelids collected from the right and left eyes of six healthy cattle aged 1-3 years, that had been presented for slaughter to abattoirs, served as controls. Transcription of genes encoding the angiogenic growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in tissue obtained from paraffin wax blocks. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to detect intensity of expression and tissue distribution of these growth factors. IHC results revealed that bFGF and PDGF-C were elevated significantly (P >0.05) and VEGF-C expression was decreased in BOSCC compared with healthy control tissue. PDGR-α expression was elevated; however, the difference, compared with control tissues, was not significant. RT-PCR results showed an inverse relationship to the results of IHC; where protein levels were elevated their corresponding mRNA levels were decreased or vice-versa. Angiogenic regulators therefore appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of BOSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sözmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - A K Devrim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - M Sudağıdan
- Konya Food and Agriculture University, KIT-ARGEM R&D Center, Konya, Turkey
| | - Y B Kabak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - B Özba
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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Yunus M, Jansson PJ, Kovacevic Z, Kalinowski DS, Richardson DR. Tumor-induced neoangiogenesis and receptor tyrosine kinases - Mechanisms and strategies for acquired resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1217-1225. [PMID: 31029846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis. Tumor-related angiogenesis is complex and involves multiple signaling pathways. Controlling angiogenesis is a promising strategy for limiting cancer progression. SCOPE OF REVIEW Several receptor tyrosine kinases influence the angiogenic response via multiple signaling molecules and pathways. Understanding the functional interaction of kinases in the angiogenic process and development of resistance to kinase inhibition is essential for future successful therapeutic strategies. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Strategies that target receptor tyrosine kinases and other tumor microenvironment factors simultaneously, or sequentially, are required for achieving an efficient and robust anti-angiogenic response. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the molecular mechanism of angiogenesis has improved, and has led, to the clinical development and approval of anti-angiogenic drugs. While many patients have benefited from these agents, their limited efficacy and the development of resistance remains a challenge. This review highlights current therapies and challenges associated with targeting angiogenesis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Yunus
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Rahme GJ, Luikart BW, Cheng C, Israel MA. A recombinant lentiviral PDGF-driven mouse model of proneural glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:332-342. [PMID: 29016807 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mouse models of glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, are critical for understanding GBM pathology and can contribute to the preclinical evaluation of therapeutic agents. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling has been implicated in the development and pathogenesis of GBM, specifically the proneural subtype. Although multiple mouse models of PDGF-driven glioma have been described, they require transgenic mice engineered to activate PDGF signaling and/or impair tumor suppressor genes and typically represent lower-grade glioma. Methods We designed recombinant lentiviruses expressing both PDGFB and a short hairpin RNA targeting Cdkn2a to induce gliomagenesis following stereotactic injection into the dentate gyrus of adult immunocompetent mice. We engineered these viruses to coexpress CreERT2 with PDGFB, allowing for deletion of floxed genes specifically in transduced cells, and designed another version of this recombinant lentivirus in which enhanced green fluorescent protein was coexpressed with PDGFB and CreERT2 to visualize transduced cells. Results The dentate gyrus of injected mice showed hypercellularity one week post-injection and subsequently developed bona fide tumors with the pathologic hallmarks of GBM leading to a median survival of 77 days post-injection. Transcriptomic analysis of these tumors revealed a proneural gene expression signature. Conclusion Informed by the genetic alterations observed in human GBM, we engineered a novel mouse model of proneural GBM. While reflecting many of the advantages of transgenic mice, this model allows for the facile in vivo testing of gene function in tumor cells and makes possible the rapid production of large numbers of immunocompetent tumor-bearing mice for preclinical testing of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert J Rahme
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Bryan W Luikart
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Mark A Israel
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
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Kim JL, Lee DH, Jeong S, Kim BR, Na YJ, Park SH, Jo MJ, Jeong YA, Oh SC. Imatinib‑induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:1616-1626. [PMID: 30569109 PMCID: PMC6365688 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib is a powerful tyrosine kinase inhibitor that specifically targets BCR-ABL, c-KIT, and PDGFR kinases, and is used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and other types of cancers. However, the possible anticancer effects of imatinib in gastric cancer have not yet been explored. The present study evaluated the in vitro effects of imatinib on gastric cancer cells and determined the molecular mechanism underlying these effects. We determined that imatinib induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that imatinib suppressed cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis revealed that imatinib-treated AGS cells were arrested in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, imatinib-treated cells exhibited increased levels of phosphorylated JNK, and of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein, an ER stress-associated apoptotic molecule. Results of cell viability assays revealed that treatment with a combination of imatinib and chemotherapy agents irinotecan or 5-Fu synergistically inhibited cell growth, compared with treatment with any of these drugs alone. These data indicated that imatinib exerted cytotoxic effects on gastric cancer cells by inducing apoptosis mediated by reactive oxygen species generation and ER stress-associated JNK activation. Furthermore, we revealed that imatinib induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling. Collectively, our results strongly support the use of imatinib in the treatment of treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Lim Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jee Jo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon A Jeong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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