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Jaradat N, Hawash M, Qaoud MT, Al-Maharik N, Qadi M, Hussein F, Issa L, Saleh A, Saleh L, Jadallah A. Biological, phytochemical and molecular docking characteristics of Laurus nobilis L. fresh leaves essential oil from Palestine. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:223. [PMID: 38851735 PMCID: PMC11162004 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The historical use of Laurus nobilis L., the plant is native to the Mediterranean region and has been cultivated for its aromatic leaves, which are used as a flavoring agent in cooking and for their potential therapeutic properties. METHODS The purpose of the current investigation was to characterize the essential oil composition of the fresh L. nobilis leaves from Palestine by using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), p-nitrophenyl butyrate, and 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNSA) methods were employed to estimate the antioxidant, antiobesity, and antidiabetic effects of the essential oil. While MTS assay were used to evaluate their antiproliferative activities on panels of cell lines. Moreover, the docking studies were aided by the Prime MM GBSA method for estimating binding affinities. RESULTS The GC-MS investigation demonstrated that the fresh L. nobilis leaves essential oil has a variety of chemicals, about 31 different biochemicals were identified, and the major compounds were 1,8-cineole (48.54 ± 0.91%), terpinyl acetate (13.46 ± 0.34%), and α-terpinyl (3.84 ± 0.35%). Furthermore, the investigated oil demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all tested bacterial and candidal strains and significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cancerous cells more than the chemotherapeutic drug Doxorubicin. Furthermore, it contains robust DPPH free radicals, as well as porcine pancreatic α-amylase and lipase enzymes. Using the 1,8-cineole compound as the predominant biomolecule found in the L. nobilis essential oil, molecular docking studies were performed to confirm these observed fabulous results. The molecular docking simulations proposed that these recorded biological activities almost emanated from its high ability to form strong and effective hydrophobic interactions, this led to the getting of optimal fitting and interaction patterns within the binding sites of the applied crystallographic protein targets. CONCLUSION The results of these experiments showed that the fresh L. nobilis leaves essential oil has outstanding pharmacological capabilities, making this oil a potential source of natural medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine.
| | - Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine.
| | - Mohammed T Qaoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nawaf Al-Maharik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Qadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Fatimah Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Linda Issa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Laith Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Jadallah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
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Chavan RS, Khatib NA, Hariprasad M, Patil VS, Redhwan MAM. Synergistic effects of Momordica charantia, Nigella sativa, and Anethum graveolens on metabolic syndrome targets: In vitro enzyme inhibition and in silico analyses. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24907. [PMID: 38304787 PMCID: PMC10830859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia, Nigella sativa, and Anethum graveolens are established medicinal plants possessing noted anti-diabetic and anti-obesity properties. However, the molecular mechanisms underscoring their inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and HMG-CoA reductase remain unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of various NS, MC, and AG blends in modulating the enzymatic activity of pancreatic lipase, HMG-CoA reductase, and a-glucosidase, utilizing an integrative approach combining in vitro assessments and molecular modeling techniques. A factorial design matrix generated eight distinct concentration combinations of NS, MC, and AG, subsequently subjected to in vitro enzyme inhibition assays. Molecular docking analyses using AutoDock Vina, molecular dynamics simulations, MMPBSA calculations, and principal component analysis, were executed with Gromacs to discern the interaction dynamics between the compounds and target enzymes. A formulation comprising NS:MC:AG at a 215:50:35 μg/mL ratio yielded significant inhibition of pancreatic lipase (IC50: 74.26 ± 4.27 μg/mL). Moreover, a concentration combination of 215:80:35 μg/mL effectively inhibited both α-glucosidase (IC50: 66.09 ± 3.98 μg/mL) and HMGCR (IC50: 129.03 μg/mL). Notably, MC-derived compounds exhibited superior binding affinity towards all three enzymes, compared to their reference molecules, with diosgenin, Momordicoside I, and diosgenin displaying binding affinities of -11.0, -8.8, and -7.9 kcal/mol with active site residues of pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and HMGCR, respectively. Further, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations revealed the formation and stabilization of non-bonded interactions between the compounds and the enzymes' active site residues. Through a synergistic application of in vitro and molecular modeling methodologies, this study substantiated the potent inhibitory activity of the NS:MC:AG blend (at a ratio of 215:80:35 μg/mL) and specific MC compounds against pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and HMGCR. These findings provide invaluable insights into the molecular underpinnings of these medicinal plants' anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects and may guide future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashekar S. Chavan
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Nayeem A. Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - M.G Hariprasad
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishal S. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
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Aruwa CE, Sabiu S. Adipose tissue inflammation linked to obesity: A review of current understanding, therapies and relevance of phyto-therapeutics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23114. [PMID: 38163110 PMCID: PMC10755291 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a current global challenge affecting all ages and is characterized by the up-regulated secretion of bioactive factors/pathways which result in adipose tissue inflammation (ATI). Current obesity therapies are mainly focused on lifestyle (diet/nutrition) changes. This is because many chemosynthetic anti-obesogenic medications cause adverse effects like diarrhoea, dyspepsia, and faecal incontinence, among others. As such, it is necessary to appraise the efficacies and mechanisms of action of safer, natural alternatives like plant-sourced compounds, extracts [extractable phenol (EP) and macromolecular antioxidant (MA) extracts], and anti-inflammatory peptides, among others, with a view to providing a unique approach to obesity care. These natural alternatives may constitute potent therapies for ATI linked to obesity. The potential of MA compounds (analysed for the first time in this review) and extracts in ATI and obesity management is elucidated upon, while also highlighting research gaps and future prospects. Furthermore, immune cells, signalling pathways, genes, and adipocyte cytokines play key roles in ATI responses and are targeted in certain therapies. As a result, this review gives an in-depth appraisal of ATI linked to obesity, its causes, mechanisms, and effects of past, present, and future therapies for reversal and alleviation of ATI. Achieving a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality rates attributed to ATI linked to obesity and related comorbidities is possible as research improves our understanding over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Eleojo Aruwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Rocha S, Rufino AT, Freitas M, Silva AMS, Carvalho F, Fernandes E. Methodologies for Assessing Pancreatic Lipase Catalytic Activity: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-28. [PMID: 37335098 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2221731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a disease of epidemic proportions with a concerning increasing trend. Regarded as one of the main sources of energy, lipids can also represent a big part of an unnecessary intake of calories and be, therefore, directly related to the problem of obesity. Pancreatic lipase is an enzyme that is essential in the absorption and digestion of dietary fats and has been explored as an alternative for the reduction of fat absorption and consequent weigh loss.Literature describes a great variability of methodologies and experimental conditions used in research to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory activity of compounds against pancreatic lipase. However, in an attempt to choose the best approach, it is necessary to know all the reaction conditions and understand how these can affect the enzymatic assay.The objective of this review is to understand and summarize the methodologies and respective experimental conditions that are mainly used to evaluate pancreatic lipase catalytic activity.156 studies were included in this work and a detailed description of the most commonly used UV/Vis spectrophotometric and fluorimetric instrumental techniques are presented, including a discussion regarding the differences found in the parameters used in both techniques, namely enzyme, substrate, buffer solutions, kinetics conditions, temperature and pH.This works shows that both UV/Vis spectrophotometry and fluorimetry are useful instrumental techniques for the evaluation of pancreatic lipase catalytic activity, presenting several advantages and limitations, which make the choice of parameters and experimental conditions a crucial decision to obtain the most reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Rocha
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana T Rufino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Athesh K, Agnel Arul John N, Sridharan G, Brindha P, Alanazi AM, Rengasamy KRR, Balamuralikrishnan B, Liu WC, Vijaya Anand A. Protective Effect of Dolichos biflorus Seed Extract on 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Differentiation and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:1-14. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/6251200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to be one of the severe health issues worldwide, as its prevalence continues to rise as well as its association with other chronic diseases worsens. Even though various approaches have been underway to prevent or treat obesity, alternative approaches are in need to combat this chronic condition because of the unsatisfactory effectiveness and adverse side effects of the existing approaches. Dolichos biflorus L. seeds have been employed as a weight-loss treatment in folk medicine. Considering the necessity to develop a safe alternative remedy to rising obesity, the current investigation has been set up to assess the antiobesity potential and the mode of action of the aqueous seed extract of D. biflorus (ASEDB) in a cell line (3T3-L1) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rats. For in-vitro studies, 3T3-L1 cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) augmented with adipogenic-inducing medium and the influence of the extract (10 µg/mL–500 µg/mL) on 3T3-L1 adipocyte viability, adipogenesis, and lipolysis was assessed. An in-vitro study revealed maintenance of cell viability, reduced triglycerides (TG) accumulation, and promoted lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells by ASEDB. Following in-vitro analysis, the HFD-induced obese rats were treated with ASEDB at different concentrations (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg) for 60 days and the effect was evaluated through various anthropometric and biochemical parameters. The findings revealed a significant decrement in total body weight, organ weights, fat pad weights, and restoration of abnormal levels of glucose, leptin, insulin, lipid markers, and antioxidant system to normal by ASEDB treatment. Also, pancreatic lipase inhibition analysis of ASEDB revealed a modest level of inhibition with an IC50 value of 213.3 µg/mL. All these findings exposed that ASEDB possesses pronounced antiobesity potential and exhibits its protective effect by suppressing food intake, reducing fat digestion and absorption, limiting adipogenesis, enhancing lipolysis, and alleviating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaraswamy Athesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nayagam Agnel Arul John
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurunagarajan Sridharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pemiah Brindha
- The Centre for Advanced Research in Indian Systems of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amer M. Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Arumugam Vijaya Anand
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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A Simple and Portable Personal Glucose Meter Method Combined with Molecular Docking for Screening of Lipase Inhibitors. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4430050. [PMID: 36185086 PMCID: PMC9522516 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4430050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the increase of obesity incidence, the development of antiobesity drugs has aroused extensive interest. In this study, a simple and portable personal glucose meter (PGM) method based on the lipase-mediated reaction combined with molecular docking was developed for the screening of lipase inhibitors. Lipase can catalyse the hydrolysis of 4-acetamidophenyl acetate to form acetaminophen, which can directly trigger the reduction of K3[Fe(CN)6] to K4[Fe(CN)6] in the glucose test strips and generate an electrical signal that can be detected by the PGM. When lipase inhibitors exist, the yield of acetaminophen will be reduced and results in a corresponding decrease of the PGM signal. Therefore, the activity of lipase can be measured by the PGM. After optimization of the experimental conditions, the inhibitory activity of fourteen small-molecule compounds and fifteen natural product extracts on lipase were evaluated by the developed PGM method. The results indicate that tannic acid, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin have good inhibitory effect on lipase (% of inhibition higher than 40.0%). Besides, the natural product extracts of Galla Chinensis, lemon, and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma have a good inhibitory effect on lipase with % of inhibition of (97.5 ± 0.6)%, (88.1 ± 0.7)%, and (79.1 ± 1.6)%, respectively. Finally, the binding sites and modes of six small-molecule compounds on lipase were investigated by the molecular docking study. The results show that the developed PGM method is an effective approach for the discovery of potential lipase inhibitors.
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Kania-Dobrowolska M, Baraniak J. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds Supporting the Therapy of Co-Existing Diseases in Metabolic Syndrome. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182858. [PMID: 36140985 PMCID: PMC9498421 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, many people are struggling with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis, which are called the scourge of the 21st century. These illnesses coexist in metabolic syndrome, which is not a separate disease entity because it includes several clinical conditions such as central (abdominal) obesity, elevated blood pressure, and disorders of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Lifestyle is considered to have an impact on the development of metabolic syndrome. An unbalanced diet, the lack of sufficient physical activity, and genetic factors result in the development of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis, which significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. The treatment of metabolic syndrome is aimed primarily at reducing the risk of the development of coexisting diseases, and the appropriate diet is the key factor in the treatment. Plant raw materials containing compounds that regulate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the human body are investigated. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.) is a plant, the consumption of which affects the regulation of lipid and sugar metabolism. The growth of this plant is widely spread in Eurasia, both Americas, Africa, New Zealand, and Australia. The use and potential of this plant that is easily accessible in the world in contributing to the treatment of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis have been proved by many studies.
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Pan J, Wang H, Chen Y. Prunella vulgaris L. – A Review of its Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Quality Control and Pharmacological Effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903171. [PMID: 35814234 PMCID: PMC9261270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L. (PVL) is dried fruit spike of Lamiacea plant Prunella vulgaris L., which is a perennial herb with medicinal and edible homology used for thousands of years. PVL is bitter, acrid, cold, and belongs to the liver and gallbladder meridians. It clears the liver and dissipate fire, improve vision, disperse swelling, and has satisfactory clinical therapeutic effects on many diseases such as photophobia, dizziness, scrofula, goiter, breast cancer. The collection of information and data related to PVL comes from literatures retrieved and collated from various online scientific databases (such as CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Research Gate, Science Database), ancient books of traditional chinese medicine (Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine), and Doctoral and Master’s Dissertations. Currently, the major chemical constituents isolated and identified from PVL are triterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, volatile oils and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PVL has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well as immune regulation, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, liver protection, sedative and hypnotic effects. This paper reviewes the botany, ethnopharmacology, traditional application, phytochemistry, analytical methods, quality control, pharmacological effects of PVL. It can be used not only as medicine, but also gradually integrated into the “medicine and food homology” and “Chinese medicine health” boom. More importantly, it has great potential for drug resources development. This paper deeply discusses the shortcomings of current PVL research, and proposes corresponding solutions, in order to find a breakthrough point for PVL research in the future. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on its medicinal chemistry, mechanism of action and clinical application efficacy in the future, and strive to extract, purify and synthesize effective components with high efficiency and low toxicity, so as to improve the safety and rationality of clinical medication.
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Rauf A, Akram M, Anwar H, Daniyal M, Munir N, Bawazeer S, Bawazeer S, Rebezov M, Bouyahya A, Shariati MA, Thiruvengadam M, Sarsembenova O, Mabkhot YN, Islam MN, Emran TB, Hodak S, Zengin G, Khan H. Therapeutic potential of herbal medicine for the management of hyperlipidemia: latest updates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40281-40301. [PMID: 35320475 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, the most common form of dyslipidemia, is the main source of cardiovascular disorders, characterized by elevated level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in peripheral blood. It is caused by a defect in lipid metabolism in the surface of Apoprotein C-II or a defect in lipoprotein lipase activity as well as reported in genetic, dietary and environmental factors. Several electronic databases were investigated as information sources, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Semantic Scholar, MEDLINE and CNKI Scholar. The current review focused on the risk factors of dyslipidemia, synthetic medication with their side effects and different types of medicinal plants having significant potential for the management of hyperlipidemia. The management of hyperlipidemia mostly involves a constant decrease in lipid level using different remedial drugs like statin, fibrate, bile acid sequestrates and niacin. However, this extensive review suggested that the consequences of these drugs are arguable, due to their numerous adverse effects. The selected parts of herb plants are used intact or their extracts containing active phytoconstituents to regulate the lipids in blood level. It was also noted that the Chinese herbal medicine and combination therapy is promising for the lowering of hyperlipidemia. This review intends to provide a scientific base for future endeavors, such as in-depth biological and chemical investigations into previously researched topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Anwar
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathology Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathology, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Yahia N Mabkhot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Sergey Hodak
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
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Tan Z, Halter B, Liu D, Gilbert ER, Cline MA. Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of Lipid Metabolism in Poultry. Front Physiol 2022; 13:863860. [PMID: 35547590 PMCID: PMC9081441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.863860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, naturally-occurring compounds with multiple phenolic structures, are the most widely distributed phytochemicals in the plant kingdom, and are mainly found in vegetables, fruits, grains, roots, herbs, and tea and red wine products. Flavonoids have health-promoting effects and are indispensable compounds in nutritional and pharmaceutical (i.e., nutraceutical) applications. Among the demonstrated bioactive effects of flavonoids are anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial in a range of research models. Through dietary formulation strategies, numerous flavonoids provide the ability to support bird health while improving the nutritional quality of poultry meat and eggs by changing the profile of fatty acids and reducing cholesterol content. A number of such compounds have been shown to inhibit adipogenesis, and promote lipolysis and apoptosis in adipose tissue cells, and thereby have the potential to affect fat accretion in poultry at various ages and stages of production. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to animal health by preventing free radical damage in tissues and ameliorating inflammation in adipose tissue, which are concerns in broiler breeders and laying hens. In this review, we summarize the progress in understanding the effects of dietary flavonoids on lipid metabolism and fat deposition in poultry, and discuss the associated physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Tan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Bailey Halter
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | | | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Liudvytska O, Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J. A Review on Rhubarb-Derived Substances as Modulators of Cardiovascular Risk Factors—A Special Emphasis on Anti-Obesity Action. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102053. [PMID: 35631194 PMCID: PMC9144273 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The currently available anti-obesity therapies encounter many associated risks and side effects often causing the ineffectiveness of treatment. Therefore, various plant-derived substances have been extensively studied as a promising support or even an alternative for existing anti-obesity therapies. This review is dealing with the anti-obesity potential of edible and ethnomedicinal rhubarb species and emerging possible role of the rhubarb-derived extracts or individual compounds in the prevention of obesity and perspectives for their use in an anti-obesity treatment. A special emphasis is put on the most popular edible specimens, i.e., Rheum rhabarbarum L. (garden rhubarb) and Rheum rhaponticum L. (rhapontic rhubarb, Siberian rhubarb); however, the anti-obesity potential of other rhubarb species (e.g., R. officinale, R. palmatum, and R. emodi) is presented as well. The significance of rhubarb-derived extracts and low-molecular specialized rhubarb metabolites of diversified chemical background, e.g., anthraquinones and stilbenes, as potential modulators of human metabolism is highlighted, including the context of cardiovascular disease prevention. The available reports present multiple encouraging rhubarb properties starting from the anti-lipidemic action of rhubarb fibre or its use as purgative medicines, through various actions of rhubarb-derived extracts and their individual compounds: inhibition of enzymes of cholesterol and lipid metabolism, targeting of key molecular regulators of adipogenesis, regulators of cell energy metabolism, the ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory signalling pathways and to regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis contributing to overall in vivo and clinical anti-obesity effects.
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Efficacy and Safety of Da-Chai-Hu-Tang in Lipid Profiles in High-Risk, Statin-Treated Patients with Residual HyperTG: A 12-Week, Randomized, Active-Control, Open Clinical Study. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030408. [PMID: 35330160 PMCID: PMC8950495 DOI: 10.3390/life12030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Da-Chai-Hu-Tang (DCHT) is a herbal extract that has been shown to reduce serum triglyceride (TG) levels in animal experiments as well as small clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DCHT in high-risk, statin-treated patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia (hyperTG). This was a 12-week, randomized, active-controlled, open-label, single-center trial. Of these patients, 42 had high cardiovascular risks whose LDL cholesterol levels were controlled by statin treatment; however, with TG levels of 200 to 500 mg/dL they were randomly assigned 1:1 to the OMEGA3 or DCHT group. The primary endpoint was defined as the percentage change in TG at 12 weeks, and changes in other lipid profiles and endothelial cell function were included as secondary endpoints. Safety analyses were also conducted. In the OMEGA3 group, the average TG level decreased from 294.5 ± 72.0 to 210.0 ± 107.8 mg/dL (p = 0.004), and in the DCHT group, from 288.7 ± 59.1 to 227.5 ± 98.1 mg/dL (p = 0.001). The percentage change in TG was −27.6 ± 33.6 and −22.4 ± 24.1 (p = 0.58), respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There were no severe adverse events in either group. In high-risk, statin-treated patients with residual hyperTG, the administration of OMEGA3 or DCHT for 12 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in TG, and the effect of DCHT was not inferior to that of OMEGA3.
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Liu Z, Gao S, Bu Y, Zheng X. Luteolin Protects Cardiomyocytes Cells against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis and Inflammatory Damage by Modulating Nlrp3. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:220-228. [PMID: 35184424 PMCID: PMC8860941 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.3.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this article, we aimed to investigate the influences of luteolin on inflammatory injury to cardiomyocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS H9c2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of luteolin (10, 20, and 50 µM) for 12 h and then stimulated with 10 µg/mL LPS or no LPS for 6 h. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. QRT-PCR and Western blotting were utilized to examine mRNA and protein levels. ELISA was used to determine the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 in cell supernatants among different groups of H9c2 cells. Immunofluorescence was applied to evaluate reactive oxygen species formation in H9c2 cells. M-mode images of echocardiography, the ejection fraction test, fractional shortening test, end-systolic volume test, and end-diastolic volume test of mouse heart function were obtained by ultrasonic electrocardiogram. RESULTS Luteolin could alleviate inflammatory damage and inflammatory factor expression among LPS-induced H9c2 cells. Additionally, we found that luteolin decreased LPS-stimulated inflammatory damage in H9c2 cells by down-regulating NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3). Luteolin also improved myocardial function in mice treated with LPS and reduced myocardial relaxation. Luteolin reversed myocardial histological abnormalities in mice and reduced inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Additionally, luteolin inhibited oxidative stress-mediated myocardial and systemic tissue damage in mice. Finally, luteolin reduced LPS-induced inflammatory damage in mouse cardiomyocytes by down-regulating Nlrp3. CONCLUSION We found that luteolin could reduce inflammatory damage to cardiomyocytes induced by LPS by down-regulating Nlrp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfen Liu
- Department of Emergency Medical, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaohua Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, The Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Bu
- Department of Emergency Medical, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Department of Logistics Support, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Robinson N, Jaradat N. Is there a simple, quick, and inexpensive method available for in vitro testing of potential herbal products: Anti-obesity and antidiabetic activity of Coleus schinzii? Eur J Integr Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cytotoxicity, Anti-Obesity and Anti-Diabetic Activities of Heteromorpha arborescens (Spreng.) Cham Leaves. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the cytotoxicity, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic potentials of blanched, aqueous and ethanol extracts of Heteromorpha arborescens (Spreng.) Cham leaves. The results revealed that both ethanol and aqueous extracts exhibited considerable inhibition against α-glucosidase (IC50 of 627.29 ± 4.62 µg/mL and 576.46 ± 3.21 µg/mL respectively), while the blanched extract showed weak α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50; 855.38 ± 4.29 µg/mL) and the aqueous extract showed the best α-amylase inhibition (IC50; 583.74 ± 5.87 µg/mL). However, weak α-amylase inhibition was observed in the ethanol (IC50; 724.60 ± 4.33 µg/mL) and blanched extracts (IC50; 791.63 ± 3.76 µg/mL). The toxicity of the extracts is indicated by LC50 values as 154.75 µg/mL, 125 µg/mL and 90.58 µg/mL for ethanol, aqueous and blanched extracts respectively, indicating the blanched extract to be the most toxic. Moderate glucose utilization in both C3A and L6 cells was also observed for the aqueous and ethanol extracts which may be attributed to the relatively lower toxicity levels present. However, glucose utilization was very weak for the blanched extract, which may be due to higher level of cytotoxicity it possessed. Relatively weaker lipase inhibition was observed for the ethanol (IC50; 699.3 ± 1.33 µg/mL), aqueous (IC50; 811.52 ± 3.52 µg/mL) and blanched extracts (IC50; 1152.7 ± 4.61 µg/mL) compared to orlistat (IC50; 56.88 ± 0.11 µg/mL). However, there was no reasonable reduction in lipid accumulation observed in all the extract treated cells. These observations suggest that ethanol and aqueous extracts of H. arborescens leaf are promising as new agents for the treatment of diabetes and its acclaimed anti-obesity potentials are likely due to its lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition.
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Natural Dietary and Medicinal Plants with Anti-Obesity Therapeutics Activities for Treatment and Prevention of Obesity during Lock Down and in Post-COVID-19 Era. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11177889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity have become global epidemics, especially during the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential of medicinal plants as a better and safe option in treating obesity and overweight has gained attention in recent years. Obesity and overweight has become a major public health concern, and its incidence rising at an alarming rate. Obesity is one of the major types of metabolic syndrome, resulting in various types of problems such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and excess fat accumulation. The current searching was done by the keywords in main indexing systems including Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, the search engine of Google Scholar, and Institute for Scientific Web of Science. The keywords were traditional medicine, health benefits, pharmaceutical science, pomegranate, punicalin, punicalagin, and ellagitannins. Google Scholar was searched manually for possible missing manuscripts, and there was no language restriction in the search. This review was carried out to highlight the importance of medicinal plants which are common in traditional medicinal sciences of different countries, especially Asia to prevent and treatment of obesity and overweight during the global pandemic and the post-COVID-19 era.
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Jaradat N, Dacca H, Hawash M, Abualhasan MN. Ephedra alata fruit extracts: phytochemical screening, anti-proliferative activity and inhibition of DPPH, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase enzymes. BMC Chem 2021; 15:41. [PMID: 34174945 PMCID: PMC8235566 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00768-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Discovering and screening for potential anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and antioxidant treatments from natural products still in recent times the main goal for many pharmaceutical scientists. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the chemical constituents of Ephedra alata fruits various extracts and to assess their antioxidant, antiobesity, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic effects. Result In this work, high content of flavonoids and phenols were observed in the methanol fraction of E. alata fruits, which reached 98.95 mg of RUE/g and 33.22 mg of GAE/g, respectively. The methanol fraction has significant inhibitory activity against DPPH, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase with an IC50 value of 1.07, 9.43, 46.16, and 66.48 µg/mL. respectively. Also has anticancer activity against HeLa cancer cell line. While the acetone fraction has potent antioxidant activity with IC50 5 µg/mL. Conclusion The DPPH and digestive enzymes assays results showed that the methanolic fraction of E. alata fruits has potent antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities, which can be an excellent candidate for biological and chemical analysis and can be further subjected for isolation of the therapeutically active compounds with anticancer potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, 00970, Nablus, State of Palestine.
| | - Hanaa Dacca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, 00970, Nablus, State of Palestine
| | - Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, 00970, Nablus, State of Palestine
| | - Murad N Abualhasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, 00970, Nablus, State of Palestine
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Chang Y, Zhang D, Yang G, Zheng Y, Guo L. Screening of Anti-Lipase Components of Artemisia argyi Leaves Based on Spectrum-Effect Relationships and HPLC-MS/MS. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675396. [PMID: 34025435 PMCID: PMC8138579 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic lipase is a key lipase for triacylglyceride digestion and absorption, which is recognized as a promising target for treatment of metabolic disorders. Natural phytochemicals are hopeful sources for pancreatic lipase inhibitors. The leaves of Artemisia argyi H.Lév. and Vaniot (AL) is commonly used as herbal medicine or food supplement in China and other Asian countries for hundreds of years. AL mainly contains essential oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids, which exhibit many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgetic, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes and immunomodulatory effects. However, the anti-lipase activity of AL was lack of study and the investigation of anti-lipase ingredients from AL was also insufficient. In the present study, the anti-lipase activity of AL was evaluated in vitro and the potentially pancreatic lipase inhibitors of AL were investigated. High performance liquid chromatography was used to establish fingerprints of AL samples, and fifteen peaks were selected. The anti-lipase activities of AL samples were evaluated by a pancreatic lipase inhibition assay. Then, the spectrum-effect relationships between fingerprints and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities were investigated to identify the anti-lipase constitutes in AL. As the results, four caffeoylquinic acids, which were identified as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, and isochlorogenic acid A by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, were selected as potential pancreatic lipase inhibitors in AL. Moreover, anti-lipase activity assessment and molecular docking study of the four compounds were performed to validate the potential lipase inhibitors in AL. The results revealed that the four caffeoylquinic acids in AL as bioactive compounds displayed with anti-lipase activity. The present research provided evidences for the anti-lipase activity of AL, and suggested that some bioactive compounds in AL could be used as lead compounds for discovering of new pancreatic lipase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Chang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guiya Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Long Guo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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Fernández-Fernández AM, Dumay E, Lazennec F, Migues I, Heinzen H, Lema P, López-Pedemonte T, Medrano-Fernandez A. Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antiobesity Properties, TC7-Cell Cytotoxicity and Uptake of Achyrocline satureioides (Marcela) Conventional and High Pressure-Assisted Extracts. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040893. [PMID: 33921665 PMCID: PMC8073586 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of non-communicable diseases makes the search for natural sources of bioactive compounds a priority for such disease prevention/control. Achyrocline satureioides (‘marcela’), a plant rich in polyphenols and native to Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina, could be used for this purpose. Data on its antidiabetic/antiobesity properties and cellular uptake of bioactive compounds are lacking. The potentiality of non-thermal technologies such as high-hydrostatic pressure (HP) to enhance polyphenol extraction retains attention. Thus, in the present study aqueous and ethanolic marcela extracts with/without assisted-HP processing were chemically characterized and assessed for their in vitro antioxidant capacity, antidiabetic and antiobesity activities, as well as cellular cytotoxicity and uptake on intestinal cell monolayers (TC7-cells, a clone of Caco-2 cells). Aqueous and ethanolic conventional extracts presented different polyphenolic profiles characterized mainly by phenolic acids or flavonoids, respectively, as stated by reverse phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analyses. In general, ethanolic extracts presented the strongest bioactive properties and HP had none or a negative effect on in vitro bioactivities comparing to conventional extracts. TC7-cell viability and cellular uptake demonstrated in conventional and HP-assisted extracts, highlighted the biological effects of marcela bioactive compounds on TC7-cell monolayers. TC7-cell studies showed no HP-induced cytotoxicity. In sum, marcela extracts have great potential as functional ingredients for the prevention/treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Maite Fernández-Fernández
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; (A.M.F.-F.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Eliane Dumay
- Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, Université de Montpellier, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (E.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Françoise Lazennec
- Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, Université de Montpellier, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (E.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Ignacio Migues
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; (I.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Horacio Heinzen
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; (I.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Patricia Lema
- Grupo Tecnologías Aplicadas a la Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Av Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay;
| | - Tomás López-Pedemonte
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; (A.M.F.-F.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Alejandra Medrano-Fernandez
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; (A.M.F.-F.); (T.L.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +598-2924-26-75
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Chauhan P, Kumar RR, Mendiratta SK, Talukder S, Gangwar M, Sakunde DT, Meshram SK. In-vitro functional efficacy of extracts from Phyllanthus emblica, Eucalyptus globulus, Tinospora cordifolia as pancreatic lipase inhibitor and source of anti-oxidant in goat meat nuggets. Food Chem 2021; 348:129087. [PMID: 33516997 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the functional efficacy of plant extracts as a source of pancreatic lipase inhibitor and antioxidant in goat meat nuggets to address the fat paradox issue of red meat. The PPLIA, antioxidant potential, and resistance against fat digestion were in the order ofPhyllanthus emblica > Eucalyptus globulus > Tinospora cordifolia.PPL inhibition activities of water and ethanolic extracts fromPhyllanthus emblicausing DNPB and Triolein as substrate were 63.76, 67.94 and 56.17 and 64.36 percent respectively whereas, TPC, DPPH RSA, FRPA were 40.82 and 59.52 (mgGAE/g), 54.89 and 59.84 (percent), 1.26 and 1.61 (OD) respectively. The average diameter of fat globules in digest was maximum (8.91 µm) withPhyllanthus emblicafruits extracts whereas; TBARs (0.347 mg MDA/Kg) and FFA (4.47 µg/g) values were lowest. This study showed that extracts from plants can act as a promising natural alternative in the development of healthy meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Chauhan
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Rajiv Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India.
| | - Sanjod Kumar Mendiratta
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Suman Talukder
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Mukesh Gangwar
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Deepali T Sakunde
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Somesh Kumar Meshram
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
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Balekundri A, Shahapuri A, Patil M. Poly-herbal tablet formulation by design expert tool and in vitro anti-lipase activity. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Traditional medicine being ethnic is preferred worldwide even in these modern days. Obesity is a lifestyle disorder. Many chemically synthesized medicines are available. Poly-herbal medicines can be one of the safest alternatives with less side effects in treating obese patients.
Results
The in vitro anti-lipase activity was carried out for a different concentration. The formulation of the poly-herbal tablets was designed using the Design Expert software. The pre-compression and post-compression studies show that the formulation F6 showed better results of all the formulations designed. Stability study results showed that the poly-herbal tablets were stable throughout the studies.
Conclusion
The results show that F6 is the better formulation based on the tablet evaluation, and all the extracts showed inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase indicating its active role in the treatment of obesity.
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Mayasankaravalli C, Deepika K, Esther Lydia D, Agada R, Thagriki D, Govindasamy C, Chinnadurai V, Othman Gatar OM, Khusro A, Kim YO, Kim HJ. Profiling the phyto-constituents of Punica granatum fruits peel extract and accessing its in-vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory properties. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3228-3234. [PMID: 33304128 PMCID: PMC7715522 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This context was investigated to assess the in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition traits of Punica granatum fruits peel extract. Initially, among various extracts tested, aqueous and ethanolic peel extracts depicted the presence of diverse phytoconstituents. In vitro antioxidative properties of peel extracts were determined using standard methodologies. Results showed that aqueous and ethanolic extracts had IC50 values of 471.7 and 509.16 μg/mL, respectively in terms of 1,1,diphenyl 2,2,picrylhydrazyl scavenging. Likewise, IC50 values of aqueous and ethanol extract were obtained as 488.76 and 478.47 μg/mL towards the degradation of hydrogen peroxide. The ethanolic extract exhibited the highest inhibition of α-glucosidase by showing activity of 53.34 ± 2.0 to 15.18 ± 1.4 U/L in a dose dependent manner (100–1000 µg/mL). Ethanolic extract was reported as the most active inhibitor of lipase with an IC50 value of 603.50 µg/mL. Ethanolic extract showed increased inhibition of ACE in a concentration dependent manner (100–1000 µg/mL) with IC50 value of 519.45 µg/mL. Fourier transform-infrared spectrum revealed the availability of various functional groups in the ethanolic extract of peel. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry chromatogram of peel extract illustrated 23 diversified chemical constituents including 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, Dimethyl sulfone, 9-octadecenamide, and Pentadecanoic acid as predominant compounds. In summary, P. granatum fruits peel extract revealed promising antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-hypertensive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mayasankaravalli
- Food Chemistry and Food Processing, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 34, India
| | - K Deepika
- Food Chemistry and Food Processing, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 34, India
| | - D Esther Lydia
- Food Chemistry and Food Processing, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 34, India
| | - Reuben Agada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Nigeria
| | - Dluya Thagriki
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 4, Raja S.C., Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veeramani Chinnadurai
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Mohammed Othman Gatar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 34, India
| | - Young Ock Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Plante AM, McCarthy AL, O'Halloran F. Cheese as a functional food for older adults: comparing the bioactive properties of different cheese matrices following simulated gastrointestinal in vitro digestion. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:456-469. [PMID: 32967486 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1825644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Age-related changes to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can impact how food is digested. Studying the effects of these changes can help identify functional foods for older adults. Cheese was digested using two simulated gastrointestinal in vitro digestion (SGID) models representing adult and elderly gastro-intestinal conditions. Antioxidant capacity was measured using DPPH, FRAP and TPC assays. The ability of cheese to inhibit digestive enzymes was determined by the α-glucosidase and lipase inhibition assays. Digestive aging influenced the bioactivity of cheese, as elderly digestates had significantly lower (p < 0.05) antioxidant, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory properties compared to adult digestates. However, soft cheese (feta, goats', brie) demonstrated greatest potential with comparable radical scavenging properties and lipase inhibition, greatest FRAP and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Despite age-related changes, the bioactive properties of cheese were evident following digestion with an older adult SGID model, suggesting cheese has potential as a functional food for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee M Plante
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aoife L McCarthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona O'Halloran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
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Sanna C, Maxia A, Fenu G, Loi MC. So Uncommon and so Singular, but Underexplored: An Updated Overview on Ethnobotanical Uses, Biological Properties and Phytoconstituents of Sardinian Endemic Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E958. [PMID: 32751394 PMCID: PMC7465485 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last decades have recorded an increase of plant-based drug discovery processes. Indeed, natural products possess a superior chemical diversity as compared to synthetic ones, leading to a renewal in searching for new therapeutic agents from the plant kingdom. In particular, since the structural variety of natural compounds reflects the biodiversity of their source organisms, regions of the world with high biodiversity and endemism deserve particular interest. In this context, Sardinia Island (Italy), with 290 endemic taxa (12% of the total flora), is expected to provide unique and structurally diverse phytochemicals for drug development. Several research groups built up a large program dedicated to the analysis of Sardinian endemic species, highlighting their peculiar features, both in respect of phytochemical and biological profiles. On this basis, the aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview on ethnobotanical uses, biological properties and phytoconstituents of Sardinian endemic plants in order to support their beneficial potential and to provide input for future investigations. We documented 152 articles published from 1965 to June 2020 in which a broad range of biological activities and the identification of previously undescribed compounds have been reported, supporting their great value as sources of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Maxia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
| | - Maria Cecilia Loi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
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Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Xia B, Lin L, Liao D. GC-MS-based metabolomics research on the anti-hyperlipidaemic activity of Prunella vulgaris L. polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:461-473. [PMID: 32387363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris polysaccharides (PVPs) have a variety of biological activities, but the mechanism and extent of their anti-hyperlipidaemic effect remain unclear. In vitro, PVPs had a significant inhibitory effect on angiotensin (Ang II)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. A metabolomics approach based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometrics was established in this study to evaluate the anti-hyperlipidaemic activity of PVPs in a high-fat Sprague-Dawley rat model. In vivo, PVPs could significantly reduce the weight gain and the increases in serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C levels observed in rats fed a high-fat diet; they could also significantly increase serum GSH-Px activity, reduce the content of MDA and TNF-α and decrease abdominal fat volume in rats. Furthermore, PVPs exerted a repairing effect on morphological and structural damage in liver tissue cells in hyperlipidaemic rats fed a high-fat diet. PVPs improved lipid metabolism disorder in rats. Alanine, threonine, succinic acid, proline, inositol and arachidonic acid levels in the serum were considered potential biomarkers involved in amino acid, glucose, energy and lipid metabolism. Therefore, PVPs may interfere with hyperlipidaemia through anti-lipid peroxidation effects, attenuation of inflammation and regulation of glucose, amino acid, energy and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yamin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Prima Drug Research Center Co., Ltd., Changsha 410311, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yamei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Limei Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Duanfang Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Protection and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
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Associations between changes in fruit and vegetable consumption and weight change in Japanese adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:217-227. [PMID: 32253544 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits and vegetables may induce greater satiety, reduce hunger, decrease energy intake, and modulate energy metabolism, thereby playing a role in weight loss. OBJECTIVE To determine the associations between changes in fruit and vegetable consumption and weight change over a 5-year interval in Japanese adults. METHODS This cohort study included 54,015 subjects (54.6% female, mean age 56.5 years) of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Cohort Study who had no known history of major chronic diseases at baseline. Data on fruit and vegetable consumption were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Body weight was self-reported. We used multivariable linear mixed-effects regression models to examine the associations between changes in fruit and vegetable consumption and change in body weight. RESULTS On average, body weight decreased by 25 g [95% confidence interval (CI), 3, 47] for every 100 g/d increase in total vegetable consumption. Change in fruit consumption was nonlinearly associated with weight change. Fruit consumption was directly associated with weight change among subjects who increased consumption (70 g; 95% CI, 39, 101) but was not associated with weight change among subjects who reduced or did not change fruit consumption. These associations did not vary by sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) at baseline. The association with vegetables was restricted to yellow/red vegetables (- 74 g; 95% CI, - 129, - 18) and allium vegetables (- 129 g; 95% CI, - 231, - 28). Lower-fiber vegetables were inversely associated with weight change, whereas lower-fiber fruits or higher-energy fruits were directly associated with weight change beyond 0 g/d change in consumption. CONCLUSIONS Change in vegetable consumption was inversely associated with weight change while fruit consumption was positively associated with weight change among subjects who increased consumption. The influence of fruits and vegetables on weight change may depend on the characteristics of the fruits and vegetables.
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Chen X, Xue S, Lin Y, Luo J, Kong L. Immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase onto a metal-organic framework, PPL@MOF: A new platform for efficient ligand discovery from natural herbs. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1099:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tang Y, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ji Y. Rapid on‐line system for preliminary screening of lipase inhibitors from natural products by integrating capillary electrophoresis with immobilized enzyme microreactor. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1003-1010. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Tang
- Department of Analytical ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of Education Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Analytical ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of Education Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Analytical ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of Education Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yuefen Zhang
- Department of Analytical ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of Education Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of Education Nanjing P. R. China
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Jaradat N, Al-Maharik N. Fingerprinting, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Cyclooxygenase and Metabolic Enzymes Inhibitory Characteristic Evaluations of Stachys viticina Boiss. Essential Oil. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213880. [PMID: 31661884 PMCID: PMC6864729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the chemical constituents and to assess the in-vitro, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, metabolic enzymes and cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory properties of essential oil (EO) of Stachys viticina Boiss. leaves. The S. viticina EO was isolated and identified using microwave-ultrasonic and GC-MS techniques, respectively. Fifty-two compounds were identified, of which endo-borneol was the major component, followed by eucalyptol and epizonarene. The EO was evaluated against a panel of in-vitro bioassays. The EO displayed antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli and Epidermophyton floccosum, with MIC values of 0.039, 0.078 and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively. The EO exhibited cytotoxicity against HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma) and Colo-205 (colon) cancer cell lines with percentages of inhibition of 95% and 90%, for EO concentrations of 1.25 and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, it showed metabolic enzyme (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase) inhibitory (IC50 = 45.22 ± 1.1, 63.09 ± 0.26, 501.18 ± 0.38 µg/mL, respectively) and antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 19.95 ± 2.08 µg/mL. Moreover, the S. viticina EO showed high cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50 values of 0.25 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively, similar to those of the positive control (the NSAID etodolac). Outcomes amassed from this investigation illustrate that S. viticina EO represents a rich source of pharmacologically active molecules which can be further validated and explored clinically for its therapeutic potential and for the development and design of new natural therapeutic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine.
| | - Nawaf Al-Maharik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine.
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Jaradat NA, Al-lahham S, Zaid AN, Hussein F, Issa L, Abualhasan MN, Hawash M, Yahya A, Shehadi O, Omair R, Mousa A. Carlina curetum plant phytoconstituents, enzymes inhibitory and cytotoxic activity on cervical epithelial carcinoma and colon cancer cell lines. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Susceptibility of poultry associated bacterial pathogens to Momordica charantia fruits and evaluation of in vitro biological properties. Microb Pathog 2019; 132:222-229. [PMID: 31059755 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The emerging incidence of antibiotic resistance trait among the bacteria populating poultry presents a devastating public health issue. On the other hand, at present, diabetes and obesity are the most serious public health issues and are increasing subsequently at alarming rate. In view of this, the present in vitro context was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of Momordica charantia (M. charantia) fruits extracts against poultry associated Bacillus spp. and to assess further its phytoconstituents, alpha-(α)-glucosidase activities, and anti-obesity properties. The anti-pathogenic attributes of M. charantia fruit extracts were carried out using disc diffusion assay and results showed the pronounced antibacterial trait of ethanolic extract with maximum zone of inhibition of 28.3 ± 1.2 mm against Bacillus licheniformis. The qualitative phytochemical analyses of fruit extracts illustrated the presence of diverse phytoconstituents. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay for the extracts was performed according to the α-glucosidase activity kit. The results depicted the lowest α-glucosidase activity (57.13 ± 2.3 to 18.14 ± 1.3 U/L) in the presence of ethanolic extract at varied concentrations. The anti-obesity potentialities of fruit extracts were demonstrated in terms of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL type II) activity using p-nitro-phenyl butyrate (p-NPB) as a substrate. The ethanolic extract of M. charantia fruits was observed to exhibit maximum inhibition of pancreatic lipase ranging from 20.12 ± 2.3 to 68.34 ± 1.3% in a dose dependent manner with an IC50 value of 607.6 ± 1.3 μg/mL. FTIR and GC-MS results indicated the presence of distinct compounds in the ethanol extract and major bioactive constituents were found to be Dimethyl sulfone (35.24%), 9-octadecanamide (20.52%), Pentadecanoic acid (6.64%), Lanost-9 (11)-en-18-oic acid, 23-(acetylxyl)-3-(4-bromobenzoyl) oxyl-20-hydroxyl-gamma-lactone (2.6%), and 2,2-sulfonyldiethanol (2.46%). In conclusion, M. charantia fruits could be of great concern in pharmaceutical industries due to its adequate biological properties and may also help in the management of poultry associated bacterial pathogens.
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Atchan Nwakiban AP, Sokeng AJ, Dell'Agli M, Bossi L, Beretta G, Gelmini F, Deutou Tchamgoue A, Agbor Agbor G, Kuiaté JR, Daglia M, Magni P. Hydroethanolic plant extracts from Cameroon positively modulate enzymes relevant to carbohydrate/lipid digestion and cardio-metabolic diseases. Food Funct 2019; 10:6533-6542. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01664c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cameroonian plant extracts inhibit enzymes involved in digestion of sugars and fats, showing potential relevance for cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arold Jorel Sokeng
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gelmini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | | | - Gabriel Agbor Agbor
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM)
- Yaoundé
- Cameroon
| | - Jules-Roger Kuiaté
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Dschang
- Cameroon
| | - Maria Daglia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Paolo Magni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica
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Hou XD, Ge GB, Weng ZM, Dai ZR, Leng YH, Ding LL, Jin LL, Yu Y, Cao YF, Hou J. Natural constituents from Cortex Mori Radicis as new pancreatic lipase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:577-584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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The Falconoid Luteolin Mitigates the Myocardial Inflammatory Response Induced by High-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet in Wistar Rats. Inflammation 2018; 41:221-231. [PMID: 29047036 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin is a major component of many medicinal plants and traditional medicines. The current study aims at testing its protective effect against high-carbohydrate/high-fat (HCHF) diet-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups as follows: control group that received standard rat chow, group received HCHF diet (~ 30% carbohydrate and 42% fat) daily for 16 weeks, and four groups received HCHF diet concurrently with luteolin (10, 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg; 10% w/v suspension in 0.9% NaCl) daily from the first week by oral gavage. Body weight was measured weekly. At the end of the study, histopathological examinations of stained heart sections were carried out. Lipid profile, oxidative stress, and cardiac function biomarkers were measured. Furthermore, neurohumoral mediators and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-18) were assigned. Results showed a significant improvement in cardiac function, tissue integrity, and a decrease in the compensatory neurohumoral mediators by luteolin 50 and 100 mg/kg. In addition, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in collagen deposition, fibrosis percentage, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cells (macrophages and lymphocytes) infiltration was observed. Tested doses of luteolin decreased lipid peroxidation and elevated the endogenous antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase) significantly (P < 0.05). Finally, luteolin decreased TNF-α and IL-18 (P < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. It can be concluded that luteolin has a cardioprotective effect against HCHF diet-induced myocardial inflammation through antioxidant anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Gao X, Miao R, Tao Y, Chen X, Wan C, Jia R. Effect of Montmorillonite powder on intestinal mucosal barrier in children with abdominal Henoch-Schonlein purpura: A randomized controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12577. [PMID: 30278566 PMCID: PMC6181592 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies found that intestinal barrier function has been changed in children with abdominal Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP). Montmorillonite has been shown to be protective for digestive tract mucosa. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate whether Montmorillonite powder could improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function in children with abdominal HSP. METHODS Using a randomized controlled study design, we compared plasma levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, and endotoxin in children with abdominal HSP before and after Montmorillonite powder treatment. RESULTS Among 28 patients in experimental group and 30 in control group, there was no significant difference in age, sex, height, weight, and course of disease between 2 groups (P > .05). Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in DAO, D-lactic acid, and endotoxin between experimental group and the control group (P > .05). However, significant differences were detected for DAO and D-lactate after treatment in comparison to before treatment in the Montmorillonite experimental group (P < .05). Such differences were not found in the control group (P > .05). CONCLUSION Montmorillonite powder is effective in the treatment of HSP via maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China University Second Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Ruixue Miao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China University Second Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Yuhong Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China University Second Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, West China University Second Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Chaomin Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China University Second Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Ruizhen Jia
- Open Laboratory, West China Institute for Women's and Children's Health, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Zeng SL, Li SZ, Lai CJS, Wei MY, Chen BZ, Li P, Zheng GD, Liu EH. Evaluation of anti-lipase activity and bioactive flavonoids in the Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium from different harvest time. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 43:103-109. [PMID: 29747741 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of pancreatic lipase is an attractive approach to the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Naturally occurring phytochemicals are promising sources of lipase inhibitors. PURPOSE In the present study, the anti-lipase activity of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) extracts was firstly evaluated in vitro. Moreover, the dynamic alteration of bioactive flavonoids in CRP collected at different time and its correlation with anti-lipase activities was investigated. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single-marker (QAMS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of six flavonoids including narirutin, hesperidin, didymin, nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone and tangeretin. Anti-lipase activity evaluation and docking studies of the flavonoids was also carried out to screen out the candidate lipase inhibitors. RESULTS The QAMS method validation results exhibited that the developed method had desirable specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy. CRP collected in early months contained higher concentrations of bioactive flavonoids, and exhibited more potent anti-lipase activity. CONCLUSION Harvest timing had a significant impact on the amounts of bioactive flavonoids and the anti-lipase activities of CRP extracts. The contents of total flavonoids were positively correlated with the anti-lipase activities of CRP, and polymethoxyflavones played a significant role in the hypolipidemic effect of CRP. Nobiletin might be the most potential lipase inhibitor in CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Shang-Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Min-Yan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bai-Zhong Chen
- Guangdong Xinbaotang Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Correlation analysis between the chemical contents and bioactivity for the quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:242-251. [PMID: 29719785 PMCID: PMC5925412 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify regions of production and to discriminate processing methods, quantitative and qualitative analyses for saccharides and terpenes in 35 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma were performed. Methodologies included HPLC—PDA, HPLC—VWD and UHPLC—MSn, combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression techniques (PLSR). The inhibitory effects of triterpenes and Alismatis Rhizoma extracts on lipase activity were evaluated in vitro. PLSR analysis revealed significant positive correlations (R2 = 0.5795) between the contents of triterpenes 10, 14, 15, 18 and 22 and the inhibitory effects of Alismatis Rhizoma. The present study establishes an effective method for simultaneous determination of multiple components, and identifies key bioactive triterpenes. These results can be used for systematic and novel analytical strategies for the quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma production.
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Jaradat N, Al-Lahham S. Phytochemical profile, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiobesity activities of Scolymus angiospermus Gaertn. Four fractions from Jericho/Palestine. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 15:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0127/jcim-2017-0127.xml. [PMID: 29489456 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Many recent studies have shown that medicinal plants, which have been used worldwide through the past history in the folkloric medicine, harbor a significant number of novel metabolic compounds with potent pharmacological properties. In several countries, the aerial parts of the Scolymus angiospermus plant have been used as a food supply and as a folkloric medicinal plant. The current study aimed is to investigate the antimicrobial, antilipase, antioxidant activities and phytochemical profile of methanolic, hexane, aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions obtained from the aerial parts of S. angiospermus.
Methods
Phytochemical assessments were based on standard analytical methods. The obtained fractions were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity and their antilipase activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory tests, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the obtained fractions was evaluated using broth microdilution assay against several American Type Culture Collection bacterial and fungal strains and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate.
Results
Our data showed that of all obtained fractions used in the above-mentioned assays, both of methanolic and aqueous fractions, had the highest content of flavonoids (24.93 ± 2.11 and 12.21 ± 2.11 mg QUE/g, respectively) and phenolic compounds (96.28 ± 2.87 and 91.25 ± 2.63 mg of GAEq/g, respectively) as well as the best levels of both antioxidant (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 13.67 ± 1.44 and 14.69 ± 1.97 µg/ml, respectively) and antilipase (IC50 134.89 ± 1.65 and 269.15 ± 2.33 µg/ml, respectively) activities. In addition, these fractions exhibited various levels of both antibacterial and antifungal activities. Hydrophilic fractions were more potent against the investigated bacterial strains, while hydrophobic fractions were more potent against the investigated fungal strains.
Conclusions
The hydrophilic fractions derived from S. angiospermus have shown the best antioxidant and antilipase effects. This is may be due to the high contents of phenols and/or flavonoids. However, further investigations are essential to isolate and identify the antioxidant, antilipase and antimicrobial compounds. Our data provide significant evidence that S. angiospermus can be very useful in the prevention and treatment of various infectious and non-infectious chronic diseases and as natural food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, State ofPalestine
| | - Saad Al-Lahham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, State ofPalestine
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Jaradat N, Zaid AN, Hussein F, Zaqzouq M, Aljammal H, Ayesh O. Anti-Lipase Potential of the Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Ten Traditional Edible and Medicinal Plants in Palestine; a Comparison Study with Orlistat. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4040089. [PMID: 29292744 PMCID: PMC5750613 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Herbs have played a fundamental and essential role in the humans life since ancient times, especially those which are used as food and/or folk medicinedue to both their nutritive and curative properties.This study aimed to investigate new antilipase agents from tentraditional Palestinian edible and medicinal plants through inhibition of the absorption of dietary lipids. Methods: The anti-lipase activity for ten plants was evaluated and compared with the reference compound Orlistat by using the porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory test which was conducted by using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Results: The aqueous extracts of Vitis vinifera and Rhus coriaria had the highest antilipase effects with IC50 values 14.13 and 19.95 mcg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the organic extract of Origanum dayi had an IC50 value 18.62 mcg/mL. V. vinifera showed the highest porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects when compared with Orlistat, which has an IC50 value 12.38 mcg/mL. Conclusions: According to the obtained results, V. vinifera, R. coriaria, and O. dayi can be considered a natural inhibitors of the pancreatic lipase enzyme as well as new players in obesity treatment. In fact, these plants can be freely and safely consumed in a daily diet or can be prepared as nutraceutical formulations to treat or prevent of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
| | - Abdel Naser Zaid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
| | - Fatima Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
| | - Maram Zaqzouq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
| | - Hadeel Aljammal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
| | - Ola Ayesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine.
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Oliveira VB, Araújo RLB, Eidenberger T, Brandão MGL. Chemical composition and inhibitory activities on dipeptidyl peptidase IV and pancreatic lipase of two underutilized species from the Brazilian Savannah: Oxalis cordata A.St.-Hil. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. Food Res Int 2017; 105:989-995. [PMID: 29433298 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Brazil has the greatest vegetal biodiversity in the world, but products derived from native species are not optimally utilized. Oxalis cordata and Xylopia aromatica are two underutilized species whose leaves and fruits, respectively, have been used as food in the 19th century. In this study, we used chemical and in vitro assays to evaluate the potential of these species as functional foods. The inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase and DPP-IV were evaluated using the crude extracts and fractions ethyl acetate, butanol and water of these two species. For polyphenols determination, samples were prepared with different solvents and these were analysed by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Finally, fatty acids profile was determinated by gas chromatography. The crude extract (IC50=0.84mg/ml), ethyl acetate extract (IC50=0.88mg/ml) an aqueous fraction (IC50=0.63mg/ml) of C. cordata were inhibitory on pancreatic lipase but inactive against dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV). Extracts from X. aromatica were inactive against the lipase pancreatic enzyme, but a butanolic fraction inhibited DPP-IV (IC50=0.71±0.05mg/ml). The phenolic acids orientin/isorientin, chlorogenic acid (0.32g/100g) and the flavonoid derivatives rutin (0.27g/100g), quercetin and luteolin were observed in all products. Additionally, fatty acid quantification showed that oleic (7.5g/100g) and linoleic acid (6.5g/100g) were predominant in X. aromatica fruit. This study confirms the potential for the use of both plants as functional foods due to their nutritional value, biological activity and important phytochemical content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena B Oliveira
- CEPLAMT, Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel L B Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Bromatologia, Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thomas Eidenberger
- University of Applied Science Upper Austria, Campus Wels, Stelzhamerstr. 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Maria G L Brandão
- CEPLAMT, Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Abd Rahman RNZR. Anti-obesity Potential of Selected Tropical Plants via Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2017.06.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abdul Rahman H, Saari N, Abas F, Ismail A, Mumtaz MW, Abdul Hamid A. Anti-obesity and antioxidant activities of selected medicinal plants and phytochemical profiling of bioactive compounds. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1247098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafeedza Abdul Rahman
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amin Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Gujarat, Gujarat, Pakistan
| | - Azizah Abdul Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Chang CJ, Lin CS, Lu CC, Ko YF, Tseng SF, Lai HC, Young JD. Anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects of plants and mushrooms. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017; 13:149-160. [PMID: 27636731 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is reaching global epidemic proportions as a result of factors such as high-calorie diets and lack of physical exercise. Obesity is now considered to be a medical condition, which not only contributes to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, but also negatively affects longevity and quality of life. To combat this epidemic, anti-obesogenic approaches are required that are safe, widely available and inexpensive. Several plants and mushrooms that are consumed in traditional Chinese medicine or as nutraceuticals contain antioxidants, fibre and other phytochemicals, and have anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects through the modulation of diverse cellular and physiological pathways. These effects include appetite reduction, modulation of lipid absorption and metabolism, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, thermogenesis and changes in the gut microbiota. In this Review, we describe the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects of these plants and mushrooms, and propose that combining these food items with existing anti-obesogenic approaches might help to reduce obesity and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, California 94103, USA
| | - Chih-Jung Chang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Lin
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Chen Lu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhong-Zheng Street, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, 201 Tung-Hua North Road, Taipei 10508, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Road, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shun-Fu Tseng
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Chih Lai
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry and Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - John D Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, 201 Tung-Hua North Road, Taipei 10508, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Road, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
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Fei H, Li M, Liu W, Sun L, Li N, Cao L, Meng Z, Huang W, Ding G, Wang Z, Xiao W. Potential lipase inhibitors from Chinese medicinal herbs. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2845-2850. [PMID: 27267857 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1185635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity has become a major health concern, and it places both personal and economic burdens on the world's population. Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs are rich source of lead compounds and are possible drug candidates, which may be used to treat this condition. OBJECTIVE This study screened potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors found in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs for ability to treat obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A porcine pancreatic lipase inhibition assay was established, and the inhibitory activity of 35 traditional Chinese medicinal herbs was evaluated at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Two elutions of herbal extracts with strong lipase inhibitory activity were further fractionated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography into 22 sub-fractions each, and these sub-fractions were tested for anti-lipase activity. Sub-fractions, which exhibited strong lipase inhibitory activity, were continuously fractionated into individual compounds. Two active compounds with potent anti-lipase activity were finally isolated and identified from two traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, respectively. RESULTS Among 35 traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, the 95% ethanol elutions of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae) and Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils (Magnoliaceae) showed strong anti-lipase activity. Two compounds, including 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 and honokiol were identified using bioactivity-guided isolation with IC50 = 33.7 and 59.4 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 and honokiol might be suitable candidates for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Fei
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Mengxuan Li
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Lin Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Liang Cao
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Meng
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Wenzhe Huang
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Gang Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- a State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co Ltd , Lianyungang , P.R. China
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Sellami M, Louati H, Kamoun J, Kchaou A, Damak M, Gargouri Y. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase and amylase by extracts of different spices and plants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:313-320. [PMID: 27706951 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1237479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to search new anti-obesity and anti-diabetic agents from plant and spices crude extracts as alternative to synthetic drugs. The inhibitory effect of 72 extracts was evaluated, in vitro, on lipase and amylase activities. Aqueous extracts of cinnamon and black tea exhibited an appreciable inhibitory effect on pancreatic amylase with IC50 values of 18 and 87 μg, respectively. Aqueous extracts of cinnamon and mint showed strong inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase with IC50 of 45 and 62 μg, respectively. The presence of bile salts and colipase or an excess of interface failed to restore the lipase activity. Therefore, the inhibition of pancreatic lipase, by extracts of spices and plants, belongs to an irreversible inhibition. Crude extract of cinnamon showed the strongest anti-lipase and anti-amylase activities which offer a prospective therapeutic approach for the management of diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sellami
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hanen Louati
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Jannet Kamoun
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ali Kchaou
- b CHU Habib Bourguiba, Route de l'Ain , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Damak
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Youssef Gargouri
- a Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax , Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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Bai Y, Xia B, Xie W, Zhou Y, Xie J, Li H, Liao D, Lin L, Li C. Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the genus Prunella. Food Chem 2016; 204:483-496. [PMID: 26988527 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prunella is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants in the Labiatae family. There are approximately 15 species worldwide, distributed widely in the temperate regions and tropical mountains of Europe and Asia. In the genus Prunella, P. vulgaris is the most studied, following a several thousand-year history as a traditional antipyretic and antidotal Chinese herb. Furthermore, since ancient times, P. vulgaris has been widely used as a cool tea ingredient and consumed as a vegetable. The genus Prunella contains triterpenoids and their saponins, phenolic acids, sterols and associated glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, volatile oil and saccharides. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that Prunella possess antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic functions. The active components related to these functions are mainly triterpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and polysaccharides. This review mainly summarizes recent advances in traditional usage, chemical components and pharmacological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Wenjian Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yamin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jiachi Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Duanfang Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Limei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Crude Aloe vera Gel Shows Antioxidant Propensities and Inhibits Pancreatic Lipase and Glucose Movement In Vitro. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2016; 2016:3720850. [PMID: 26880905 PMCID: PMC4736367 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3720850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera gel (AVG) is traditionally used in the management of diabetes, obesity, and infectious diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of AVG against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase activity in vitro. Enzyme kinetic studies using Michaelis-Menten (Km) and Lineweaver-Burk equations were used to establish the type of inhibition. The antioxidant capacity of AVG was evaluated for its ferric reducing power, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate scavenging ability, nitric oxide scavenging power, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. The glucose entrapment ability, antimicrobial activity, and total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and anthocyanin content were also determined. AVG showed a significantly higher percentage inhibition (85.56 ± 0.91) of pancreatic lipase compared to Orlistat. AVG was found to increase the Michaelis-Menten constant and decreased the maximal velocity (Vmax) of lipase, indicating mixed inhibition. AVG considerably inhibits glucose movement across dialysis tubes and was comparable to Arabic gum. AVG was ineffective against the tested microorganisms. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 66.06 ± 1.14 (GAE)/mg and 60.95 ± 0.97 (RE)/mg, respectively. AVG also showed interesting antioxidant properties. The biological activity observed in this study tends to validate some of the traditional claims of AVG as a functional food.
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Medicinal Plants and Their Inhibitory Activities against Pancreatic Lipase: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:973143. [PMID: 26640503 PMCID: PMC4657100 DOI: 10.1155/2015/973143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a major life style disorder especially in developing countries and it is prevailing at an alarming speed in new world countries due to fast food intake, industrialization, and reduction of physical activity. Furthermore, it is associated with a vast number of chronic diseases and disabilities. To date, relatively effective drugs, from either natural or synthetic sources, are generally associated with serious side effects, often leading to cessation of clinical trials or even withdrawal from the market. In order to find new compounds which are more effective or with less adverse effects compared to orlistat, the drug that has been approved for obesity, new compounds isolated from natural products are being identified and screened for antiobesity effects, in particular, for their pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity has been extensively used for the determination of potential efficacy of natural products as antiobesity agents. In attempts to identify natural products for overcoming obesity, more researches have been focused on the identification of newer pancreatic lipase inhibitors with less unpleasant adverse effects. In this review, we consider the potential role of plants that have been investigated for their pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.
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