1
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Migaou M, Macé S, Maalej H, Marchand L, Bonnetot S, Noël C, Sinquin C, Jérôme M, Zykwinska A, Colliec-Jouault S, Maaroufi RM, Delbarre-Ladrat C. Exploring the Exopolysaccharide Production Potential of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Tunisian Blue Crab Portunus segnis Microbiota. Molecules 2024; 29:774. [PMID: 38398526 PMCID: PMC10893132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The blue crab (BC) Portunus segnis is considered an invasive species colonizing Tunisian coasts since 2014. This work aims to explore its associated bacteria potential to produce anionic exopolysaccharides (EPSs) in order to open up new ways of valorization. In this study, different BC samples were collected from the coastal area of Sfax, Tunisia. First, bacterial DNA was extracted from seven different fractions (flesh, gills, viscera, carapace scraping water, and three wastewaters from the production plant) and then sequenced using the metabarcoding approach targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA to describe their microbiota composition. Metabarcoding data showed that the dominant bacterial genera were mainly Psychrobacter, Vagococcus, and Vibrio. In parallel, plate counting assays were performed on different culture media, and about 250 bacterial strains were isolated and identified by sequencing the 16S rDNA. EPS production by this new bacterial diversity was assessed to identify new compounds of biotechnological interest. The identification of the bacterial strains in the collection confirmed the dominance of Psychrobacter spp. strains. Among them, 43 were identified as EPS producers, as revealed by Stains-all dye in agarose gel electrophoresis. A Buttiauxella strain produced an EPS rich in both neutral sugars including rare sugars such as rhamnose and fucose and uronic acids. This original composition allows us to assume its potential for biotechnological applications and, more particularly, for developing innovative therapeutics. This study highlights bacterial strains associated with BC; they are a new untapped source for discovering innovative bioactive compounds for health and cosmetic applications, such as anionic EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Migaou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity & Valorisation of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Ave Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Sabrina Macé
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Hana Maalej
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas Bioresources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabès, Erriadh, Zrig, Gabès 6072, Tunisia
| | - Laetitia Marchand
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Sandrine Bonnetot
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Cyril Noël
- Ifremer, IRSI, SeBiMER Service de Bioinformatique de l'Ifremer, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Corinne Sinquin
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Marc Jérôme
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Agata Zykwinska
- Ifremer, MASAE Microbiologie Aliment Santé Environnement, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Raoui Mounir Maaroufi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity & Valorisation of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Ave Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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2
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Zielinska D, Yosef HK, Zollitsch T, Kern J, Jakob Y, Gvaramia D, Rotter N, Pontiggia L, Moehrlen U, Biedermann T, Klar AS. Characterization of Distinct Chondrogenic Cell Populations of Patients Suffering from Microtia Using Single-Cell Micro-Raman Spectroscopy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2588. [PMID: 37761029 PMCID: PMC10526501 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtia is a congenital condition of abnormal development of the outer ear. Tissue engineering of the ear is an alternative treatment option for microtia patients. However, for this approach, the identification of high regenerative cartilage progenitor cells is of vital importance. Raman analysis provides a novel, non-invasive, label-free diagnostic tool to detect distinctive biochemical features of single cells or tissues. Using micro-Raman spectroscopy, we were able to distinguish and characterize the particular molecular fingerprints of differentiated chondrocytes and perichondrocytes and their respective progenitors isolated from healthy individuals and microtia patients. We found that microtia chondrocytes exhibited lower lipid concentrations in comparison to healthy cells, thus indicating the importance of fat storage. Moreover, we suggest that collagen is a useful biomarker for distinguishing between populations obtained from the cartilage and perichondrium because of the higher spectral contributions of collagen in the chondrocytes compared to perichondrocytes from healthy individuals and microtia patients. Our results represent a contribution to the identification of cell markers that may allow the selection of specific cell populations for cartilage tissue engineering. Moreover, the observed differences between microtia and healthy cells are essential for gaining better knowledge of the cause of microtia. It can be useful for designing novel treatment options based on further investigations of the discovered biochemical substrate alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Zielinska
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hesham K. Yosef
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- microphotonXGmbH, 82327 Tutzing, Germany
| | | | - Johann Kern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yvonne Jakob
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - David Gvaramia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luca Pontiggia
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ueli Moehrlen
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnes S. Klar
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Langouët-Astrié C, Oshima K, McMurtry SA, Yang Y, Kwiecinski JM, LaRivière WB, Kavanaugh JS, Zakharevich I, Hansen KC, Shi D, Zhang F, Boguslawski KM, Perelman SS, Su G, Torres VJ, Liu J, Horswill AR, Schmidt EP. The influenza-injured lung microenvironment promotes MRSA virulence, contributing to severe secondary bacterial pneumonia. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111721. [PMID: 36450248 PMCID: PMC10082619 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza infection is substantially worsened by the onset of secondary pneumonia caused by bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The bidirectional interaction between the influenza-injured lung microenvironment and MRSA is poorly understood. By conditioning MRSA ex vivo in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from mice at various time points of influenza infection, we found that the influenza-injured lung microenvironment dynamically induces MRSA to increase cytotoxin expression while decreasing metabolic pathways. LukAB, a SaeRS two-component system-dependent cytotoxin, is particularly important to the severity of post-influenza MRSA pneumonia. LukAB's activity is likely shaped by the post-influenza lung microenvironment, as LukAB binds to (and is activated by) heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharide sequences shed from the epithelial glycocalyx after influenza. Our findings indicate that post-influenza MRSA pneumonia is shaped by bidirectional host-pathogen interactions: host injury triggers changes in bacterial expression of toxins, the activity of which may be shaped by host-derived HS fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaori Oshima
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah A McMurtry
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yimu Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jakub M Kwiecinski
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30387, Poland
| | - Wells B LaRivière
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Kavanaugh
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Igor Zakharevich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Deling Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Kristina M Boguslawski
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sofya S Perelman
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gouwei Su
- University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Victor J Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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4
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Wang Q, Chi L. The Alterations and Roles of Glycosaminoglycans in Human Diseases. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225014. [PMID: 36433141 PMCID: PMC9694910 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a heterogeneous family of linear polysaccharides which are composed of a repeating disaccharide unit. They are also linked to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). GAGs/PGs are major components of the cell surface and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and they display critical roles in development, normal function, and damage response in the body. Some properties (such as expression quantity, molecular weight, and sulfation pattern) of GAGs may be altered under pathological conditions. Due to the close connection between these properties and the function of GAGs/PGs, the alterations are often associated with enormous changes in the physiological/pathological status of cells and organs. Therefore, these GAGs/PGs may serve as marker molecules of disease. This review aimed to investigate the structural alterations and roles of GAGs/PGs in a range of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and virus infection. It is hoped to provide a reference for disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and drug development.
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5
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Hoffmann M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Polymers Inspired by Heparin and Heparan Sulfate for Viral Targeting. Macromolecules 2022; 55:7957-7973. [PMID: 36186574 PMCID: PMC9520969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Ahat E, Song Y, Xia K, Reid W, Li J, Bui S, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Wang Y. GRASP depletion-mediated Golgi fragmentation impairs glycosaminoglycan synthesis, sulfation, and secretion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:199. [PMID: 35312866 PMCID: PMC9164142 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), occurs in the lumen of the Golgi, but the relationship between Golgi structural integrity and glycosaminoglycan synthesis is not clear. In this study, we disrupted the Golgi structure by knocking out GRASP55 and GRASP65 and determined its effect on the synthesis, sulfation, and secretion of HS and CS. We found that GRASP depletion increased HS synthesis while decreasing CS synthesis in cells, altered HS and CS sulfation, and reduced both HS and CS secretion. Using proteomics, RNA-seq and biochemical approaches, we identified EXTL3, a key enzyme in the HS synthesis pathway, whose level is upregulated in GRASP knockout cells; while GalNAcT1, an essential CS synthesis enzyme, is robustly reduced. In addition, we found that GRASP depletion decreased HS sulfation via the reduction of PAPSS2, a bifunctional enzyme in HS sulfation. Our study provides the first evidence that Golgi structural defect may significantly alter the synthesis and secretion of glycosaminoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erpan Ahat
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Yuefan Song
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Whitney Reid
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Sarah Bui
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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7
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Orts DJB, Arcisio-Miranda M. Cell glycosaminoglycans content modulates human voltage-gated proton channel (H V 1) gating. FEBS J 2021; 289:2593-2612. [PMID: 34800064 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated proton channels (HV 1) have been found in many mammalian cells and play a crucial role in the immune system, male fertility, and cancer progression. Glycosaminoglycans play a significant role in various aspects of cell physiology, including the modulation of membrane receptors and ion channel function. We present here evidence that mechanosensitivity of the dimeric HV 1 channel transduce changes on cell membrane fluidity related to the defective biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-745) cells into a leftward shift in the activation voltage dependence. This effect was accompanied by an increase in the H+ current, and an acceleration of the activation kinetics, under symmetrical or asymmetrical pH gradient (ΔpH) conditions. Similar gating alterations were evoked by two naturally occurring HV 1 N-terminal truncated isoforms expressed in wild-type CHO-K1 and CHO-745 cells. On three different monomeric HV 1 constructs, no alterations in the biophysical parameters were observed. Moreover, we have shown that HV 1 gating can be modulated by manipulating CHO-K1 cell membrane fluidity. Our results suggest that the defective biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate on CHO-745 cell increases membrane fluidity and allosterically modulates the coupling between voltage- and ΔpH-sensing through the dimeric HV 1 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego J B Orts
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurobiologia Estrutural e Funcional (LaNEF), Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Brasil
| | - Manoel Arcisio-Miranda
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurobiologia Estrutural e Funcional (LaNEF), Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Brasil
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8
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Agelidis A, Suryawanshi RK, Patil CD, Campeau A, Gonzalez DJ, Shukla D. Dissociation of DNA damage sensing by endoglycosidase HPSE. iScience 2021; 24:102242. [PMID: 33748723 PMCID: PMC7957091 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Balance between cell proliferation and elimination is critical in handling threats both exogenous and of internal dysfunction. Recent work has implicated a conserved but poorly understood endoglycosidase heparanase (HPSE) in the restriction of innate defense responses, yet biochemical mediators of these key functions remained unclear. Here, an unbiased immunopurification proteomics strategy is employed to identify and rank uncharacterized interactions between HPSE and mediators of canonical signaling pathways linking cell cycle and stress responses. We demonstrate with models of genotoxic stress including herpes simplex virus infection and chemotherapeutic treatment that HPSE dampens innate responses to double-stranded DNA breakage by interfering with signal transduction between initial sensors and downstream mediators. Given the long-standing recognition of HPSE in driving late-stage inflammatory disease exemplified by tissue destruction and cancer metastasis, modulation of this protein with control over the DNA damage response imparts a unique strategy in the development of unconventional multivalent therapy. HPSE binds key proteins at interface of DNA damage signaling and IFN responses Nuclear translocation of DNA damage transducer ATM is enhanced in absence of HPSE Cells lacking HPSE display enhanced sensitivity to DNA damage-induced death HPSE interfaces with regulators of DNA damage response to influence cell fate
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Agelidis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rahul K. Suryawanshi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar D. Patil
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Anaamika Campeau
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Corresponding author
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9
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Giubertoni G, Pérez de Alba Ortíz A, Bano F, Zhang X, Linhardt RJ, Green DE, DeAngelis PL, Koenderink GH, Richter RP, Ensing B, Bakker HJ. Strong Reduction of the Chain Rigidity of Hyaluronan by Selective Binding of Ca 2+ Ions. Macromolecules 2021; 54:1137-1146. [PMID: 33583956 PMCID: PMC7879427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological functions of natural polyelectrolytes are strongly influenced by the presence of ions, which bind to the polymer chains and thereby modify their properties. Although the biological impact of such modifications is well recognized, a detailed molecular picture of the binding process and of the mechanisms that drive the subsequent structural changes in the polymer is lacking. Here, we study the molecular mechanism of the condensation of calcium, a divalent cation, on hyaluronan, a ubiquitous polymer in human tissues. By combining two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy experiments with molecular dynamics simulations, we find that calcium specifically binds to hyaluronan at millimolar concentrations. Because of its large size and charge, the calcium cation can bind simultaneously to the negatively charged carboxylate group and the amide group of adjacent saccharide units. Molecular dynamics simulations and single-chain force spectroscopy measurements provide evidence that the binding of the calcium ions weakens the intramolecular hydrogen-bond network of hyaluronan, increasing the flexibility of the polymer chain. We also observe that the binding of calcium to hyaluronan saturates at a maximum binding fraction of ∼10-15 mol %. This saturation indicates that the binding of Ca2+ strongly reduces the probability of subsequent binding of Ca2+ at neighboring binding sites, possibly as a result of enhanced conformational fluctuations and/or electrostatic repulsion effects. Our findings provide a detailed molecular picture of ion condensation and reveal the severe effect of a few, selective and localized electrostatic interactions on the rigidity of a polyelectrolyte chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Pérez de Alba Ortíz
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fouzia Bano
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of
Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences,
Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, and Bragg Centre for
Materials Research, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, 12180 New York, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Center for
Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, 12180 New York, United States
| | - Dixy E. Green
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma, 73104 Oklahoma, United States
| | - Paul L. DeAngelis
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma, 73104 Oklahoma, United States
| | - Gijsje H. Koenderink
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf P. Richter
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of
Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences,
Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, and Bragg Centre for
Materials Research, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K.
| | - Bernd Ensing
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huib J. Bakker
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Comparison of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) of Normal and D-Galactosamine-Induced Mice Model of Liver Injury Before and After Liver Decellularization. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-020-00153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Therapeutic strategies to target microbial protein-glycosaminoglycan interactions. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1505-1515. [PMID: 30381333 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are involved in a plethora of human pathologies including infectious diseases. Especially, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), like heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, have been found to be involved in different crucial stages of microbial invasion. Here, we review various therapeutic approaches, which target the interface of host GAGs and microbial proteins and discuss their limitations and challenges for drug development.
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12
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Zúñiga M, Monedero V, Yebra MJ. Utilization of Host-Derived Glycans by Intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Species. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1917. [PMID: 30177920 PMCID: PMC6109692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Lactobacillus are commonly found at the gastrointestinal tract and other mucosal surfaces of humans. This genus includes various species with a great number of potentially probiotic bacteria. Other often-used probiotic species belong to Bifidobacterium, a genus almost exclusively associated with the gut. As probiotics must survive and be metabolically active at their target sites, namely host mucosal surfaces, consumption of host-produced glycans is a key factor for their survival and activity. The ability to metabolize glycans such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), glycosaminoglycans and the glycan moieties of glycoproteins and glycolipids found at the mucosal surfaces grants a competitive advantage to lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The analyses of the great number of sequenced genomes from these bacteria have revealed that many of them encode a wide assortment of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of carbohydrates, including several glycoside hydrolases required for metabolizing the carbohydrate moieties of mucins and HMOs. Here, the current knowledge on the genetic mechanisms, known catabolic pathways and biochemical properties of enzymes involved in the utilization of host-produced glycans by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Yebra
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
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13
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Agelidis AM, Hadigal SR, Jaishankar D, Shukla D. Viral Activation of Heparanase Drives Pathogenesis of Herpes Simplex Virus-1. Cell Rep 2018; 20:439-450. [PMID: 28700944 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) causes lifelong recurrent pathologies without a cure. How infection by HSV-1 triggers disease processes, especially in the immune-privileged avascular human cornea, remains a major unresolved puzzle. It has been speculated that a cornea-resident molecule must tip the balance in favor of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic conditions observed with herpetic, as well as non-herpetic, ailments of the cornea. Here, we demonstrate that heparanase (HPSE), a host enzyme, is the molecular trigger for multiple pathologies associated with HSV-1 infection. In human corneal epithelial cells, HSV-1 infection upregulates HPSE in a manner dependent on HSV-1 infected cell protein 34.5. HPSE then relocates to the nucleus to regulate cytokine production, inhibits wound closure, enhances viral spread, and thus generates a toxic local environment. Overall, our findings implicate activated HPSE as a driver of viral pathogenesis and call for further attention to this host protein in infection and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Agelidis
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, E-704 Medical Sciences Building, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, M/C 790, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Satvik R Hadigal
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dinesh Jaishankar
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, M/C 063, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1855 West Taylor Street, M/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, E-704 Medical Sciences Building, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, M/C 790, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, M/C 063, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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14
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Sarkar A, Yu W, Desai UR, MacKerell AD, Mosier PD. Estimating glycosaminoglycan-protein interaction affinity: water dominates the specific antithrombin-heparin interaction. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1041-1047. [PMID: 27496757 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein interactions modulate many important biological processes. Structure-function studies on GAGs may reveal probes and drugs, but their structural complexity and highly acidic nature confound such work. Productivity will increase if we are able to identify tight-binding oligosaccharides in silico. An extension of the CHARMM force field is presented to enable modeling of polysaccharides containing sulfamate functionality, and is used to develop a reliable alchemical free-energy perturbation protocol that estimates changes in affinity for the prototypical heparin-antithrombin system to within 2.3 kcal/mol using modest simulation times. Inclusion of water is crucial during simulation as solvation energy was equal in magnitude to the sum of all other thermodynamic factors. In summary, we have identified and optimized a reliable method for estimation of GAG-protein binding affinity, and shown that solvation is a crucial component in GAG-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurijit Sarkar
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, One University Parkway, High Point, NC 27268, USA .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980133, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980133, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Alexander D MacKerell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Philip D Mosier
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980133, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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15
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Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are complex linear polysaccharides expressed in intracellular compartments, at the cell surface, and in the extracellular environment where they interact with various molecules to regulate many cellular processes implicated in health and disease. Subversion of GAGs is a pathogenic strategy shared by a wide variety of microbial pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Pathogens use GAGs at virtually every major portals of entry to promote their attachment and invasion of host cells, movement from one cell to another, and to protect themselves from immune attack. Pathogens co-opt fundamental activities of GAGs to accomplish these tasks. This ingenious strategy to subvert essential activities of GAGs likely prevented host organisms from deleting or inactivating these mechanisms during their evolution. The goal of this review is to provide a mechanistic overview of our current understanding of how microbes subvert GAGs at major steps of pathogenesis, using select GAG-pathogen interactions as representative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael S Aquino
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and 2Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pyong Woo Park
- Division of Respiratory Diseases Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,
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16
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Ghiselli G, Maccarana M. Drugs affecting glycosaminoglycan metabolism. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1162-9. [PMID: 27217160 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are charged polysaccharides ubiquitously present at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. GAGs are crucial for cellular homeostasis, and their metabolism is altered during pathological processes. However, little consideration has been given to the regulation of the GAG milieu through pharmacological interventions. In this review, we provide a classification of small molecules affecting GAG metabolism based on their mechanism of action. Furthermore, we present evidence to show that clinically approved drugs affect GAG metabolism and that this could contribute to their therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Ghiselli
- Glyconova Srl, Parco Scientifico Silvano Fumero, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa (TO), Italy.
| | - Marco Maccarana
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center C12, Lund University, Tornavägen 10, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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17
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Gesslbauer B, Derler R, Handwerker C, Seles E, Kungl AJ. Exploring the glycosaminoglycan-protein interaction network by glycan-mediated pull-down proteomics. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1437-47. [PMID: 26970331 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, highly sulfated polysaccharides expressed by almost all animal cells. They occur as soluble molecules, or form proteoglycans by being O-linked to different core proteins on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Due to their ability to interact with diverse proteins and to modulate their biologic functions, GAGs are main drivers of mammalian biology. However, to the present day, the human GAG binding proteome has only been insufficiently explored. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the human GAG binding proteome of different sources by using the major GAG classes as ligands, and to explore the GAG-binding selectivity of the human plasma proteome. For this purpose, proteins were pulled down from immobilized low molecular weight heparin, heparan sulfate, and dermatan sulfate under different conditions and were identified by nano-LC/MS². Four hundred and fifty eight human GAG binding proteins have been identified, whereas plasma proteins showed clear differences in their GAG-binding specificity/selectivity and affinity. We were able to differentiate between proteins that bound to all three glycan ligands and proteins that showed selective binding to one or two glycan ligands. Moreover, step-gradient salt elution revealed different binding affinities toward different GAG ligands. On top of proteins with well-known GAG-binding properties we have identified formerly unknown GAG binders. Functional annotation of the identified GAG-binding proteins showed clusters of proteins that are involved in a variety of biological processes. The method described here is well suited for identifying GAG-binding proteins and for comparing human subproteomes with respect to binding to different GAG classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Gesslbauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rupert Derler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Elisabeth Seles
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas J Kungl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,ProtAffin Biotechnologie AG, Graz, Austria
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18
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Yang X, Lin YP, Heselpoth RD, Buyuktanir O, Qin J, Kung F, Nelson DC, Leong JM, Pal U. Middle region of the Borrelia burgdorferi surface-located protein 1 (Lmp1) interacts with host chondroitin-6-sulfate and independently facilitates infection. Cell Microbiol 2015; 18:97-110. [PMID: 26247174 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi surface-located membrane protein 1, also known as Lmp1, has been shown to play critical roles in pathogen evasion of host-acquired immune defences, thereby facilitating persistent infection. Lmp1 possesses three regions representing potentially discrete domains: Lmp1N, Lmp1M and Lmp1C. Because of its insignificant homology to known proteins, how Lmp1 or its specific regions contribute to microbial biology and infection remains enigmatic. Here, we show that distinct from Lmp1N and Lmp1C, Lmp1M is composed of at least 70% alpha helices and completely lacks recognizable beta sheets. The region binds to host glycosaminoglycan chondroitin-6-sulfate molecules and facilitates mammalian cell attachment, suggesting an adhesin function of Lmp1M. Phenotypic analysis of the Lmp1-deficient mutant engineered to produce Lmp1M on the microbial surface suggests that Lmp1M can independently support B. burgdorferi infectivity in murine hosts. Further exploration of functions of Lmp1 distinct regions will shed new light on the intriguing biology and infectivity of spirochetes and help develop novel interventions to combat Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Yi-Pin Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Ryan D Heselpoth
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Ozlem Buyuktanir
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jinhong Qin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Faith Kung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Daniel C Nelson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.,Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - John M Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Utpal Pal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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19
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Lin YP, Bhowmick R, Coburn J, Leong JM. Host cell heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans are ligands for OspF-related proteins of the Lyme disease spirochete. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:1464-76. [PMID: 25864455 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, spreads from the site of the tick bite to tissues such as heart, joints and the nervous tissues. Host glycosaminoglycans, highly modified repeating disaccharides that are present on cell surfaces and in extracellular matrix, are common targets of microbial pathogens during tissue colonization. While several dermatan sulfate-binding B. burgdorferi adhesins have been identified, B. burgdorferi adhesins documented to promote spirochetal binding to heparan sulfate have not yet been identified. OspEF-related proteins (Erps), a large family of plasmid-encoded surface lipoproteins that are produced in the mammalian host, can be divided into the OspF-related, OspEF-leader peptide (Elp) and OspE-related subfamilies. We show here that a member of the OspF-related subfamily, ErpG, binds to heparan sulfate and when produced on the surface of an otherwise non-adherent B. burgdorferi strain, ErpG promotes heparan sulfate-mediated bacterial attachment to the glial but not the endothelial, synovial or respiratory epithelial cells. Six other OspF-related proteins were capable of binding heparan sulfate, whereas representative OspE-related and Elp proteins lacked this activity. These results indicate that OspF-related proteins are heparan sulfate-binding adhesins, at least one of which promotes bacterial attachment to glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pin Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Rudra Bhowmick
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jenifer Coburn
- Division of Infectious Disease, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - John M Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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20
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Structural mechanisms underlying sequence-dependent variations in GAG affinities of decorin binding protein A, a Borrelia burgdorferi adhesin. Biochem J 2015; 467:439-51. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20141201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Decorin-binding protein A (DBPA) is an important surface adhesin of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. DBPA facilitates the bacteria's colonization of human tissue by adhering to glycosaminoglycan (GAG), a sulfated polysaccharide. Interestingly, DBPA sequence variation among different strains of Borrelia spirochetes is high, resulting in significant differences in their GAG affinities. However, the structural mechanisms contributing to these differences are unknown. We determined the solution structures of DBPAs from strain N40 of B. burgdorferi and strain PBr of Borrelia garinii, two DBPA variants whose GAG affinities deviate significantly from strain B31, the best characterized version of DBPA. Our structures revealed that significant differences exist between PBr DBPA and B31/N40 DBPAs. In particular, the C-terminus of PBr DBPA, unlike C-termini from B31 and N40 DBPAs, is positioned away from the GAG-binding pocket and the linker between helices one and two of PBr DBPA is highly structured and retracted from the GAG-binding pocket. The repositioning of the C-terminus allowed the formation of an extra GAG-binding epitope in PBr DBPA and the retracted linker gave GAG ligands more access to the GAG-binding epitopes than other DBPAs. Characterization of GAG ligands' interactions with wild-type (WT) PBr and mutants confirmed the importance of the second major GAG-binding epitope and established the fact that the two epitopes are independent of one another and the new epitope is as important to GAG binding as the traditional epitope.
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21
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Lin YP, Chen Q, Ritchie JA, Dufour NP, Fischer JR, Coburn J, Leong JM. Glycosaminoglycan binding by Borrelia burgdorferi adhesin BBK32 specifically and uniquely promotes joint colonization. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:860-75. [PMID: 25486989 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens that colonize multiple tissues commonly produce adhesive surface proteins that mediate attachment to cells and/or extracellular matrix in target organs. Many of these 'adhesins' bind to multiple ligands, complicating efforts to understand the role of each ligand-binding activity. Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, produces BBK32, first identified as a fibronectin-binding adhesin that promotes skin and joint colonization. BBK32 also binds to glycosaminoglycan (GAG), which, like fibronectin is ubiquitously present on cell surfaces. To determine which binding activity is relevant for BBK32-promoted infectivity, we generated a panel of BBK32 truncation and internal deletion mutants, and identified variants specifically defective for binding to either fibronectin or GAG. These variants promoted bacterial attachment to different mammalian cell types in vitro, suggesting that fibronectin and GAG binding may play distinct roles during infection. Intravenous inoculation of mice with a high-passage non-infectious B. burgdorferi strain that produced wild-type BBK32 or BBK32 mutants defective for GAG or fibronectin binding, revealed that only GAG-binding activity was required for significant localization to joints at 60 min post-infection. An otherwise infectious B. burgdorferi strain producing BBK32 specifically deficient in fibronectin binding was fully capable of both skin and joint colonization in the murine model, whereas a strain producing BBK32 selectively attenuated for GAG binding colonized the inoculation site but not knee or tibiotarsus joints. Thus, the BBK32 fibronectin- and GAG-binding activities are separable in vivo, and BBK32-mediated GAG binding, but not fibronectin binding, contributes to joint colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pin Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jennifer A Ritchie
- Division of Infectious Disease, and Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Nicholas P Dufour
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Joshua R Fischer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jenifer Coburn
- Division of Infectious Disease, and Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - John M Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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22
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Gaultney RA, Gonzalez T, Floden AM, Brissette CA. BB0347, from the lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is surface exposed and interacts with the CS1 heparin-binding domain of human fibronectin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75643. [PMID: 24086600 PMCID: PMC3785480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, codes for several known fibronectin-binding proteins. Fibronectin a common the target of diverse bacterial pathogens, and has been shown to be essential in allowing for the development of certain disease states. Another borrelial protein, BB0347, has sequence similarity with these other known fibronectin-binding proteins, and may be important in Lyme disease pathogenesis. Herein, we perform an initial characterization of BB0347 via the use of molecular and biochemical techniques. We found that BB0347 is expressed, produced, and presented on the outer surface of intact B. burgdorferi. We also demonstrate that BB0347 has the potential to be important in Lyme disease progression, and have begun to characterize the nature of the interaction between human fibronectin and this bacterial protein. Further work is needed to define the role of this protein in the borrelial infection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Gaultney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Tammy Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Angela M. Floden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Brissette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Gesslbauer B, Theuer M, Schweiger D, Adage T, Kungl AJ. New targets for glycosaminoglycans and glycosaminoglycans as novel targets. Expert Rev Proteomics 2013; 10:77-95. [PMID: 23414361 DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Biological functions of a variety of proteins are mediated via their interaction with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The structural diversity within the wide GAG landscape provides individual interaction sites for a multitude of proteins involved in several pathophysiological processes. This 'GAG angle' of such proteins as well as their specific GAG ligands give rise to novel therapeutic concepts for drug development. Current glycomic technologies to elucidate the glycan structure-function relationships, methods to investigate the selectivity and specificity of glycan-protein interactions and existing therapeutic approaches to interfere with GAG-protein interactions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Gesslbauer
- ProtAffin Biotechnologie AG, Reininghausstrasse 13a, 8020 Graz, Austria
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24
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Choudhary S, Burnham L, Thompson JM, Shukla D, Tiwari V. Role of Filopodia in HSV-1 Entry into Zebrafish 3-O-Sulfotransferase-3-Expressing Cells. Open Virol J 2013; 7:41-8. [PMID: 23667409 PMCID: PMC3648776 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901307010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) modified by zebrafish (ZF) encoded glucosaminyl 3-O sulfotransferase-3 (3-OST-3) generate a receptor for herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) entry and spread. In order to elucidate the mechanism by which HSV-1 enters into ZF-3-OST-3 cells, we investigated the mode of viral entry. Results: Under high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), actin cytoskeleton changes were observed by a dramatic increase in the number of filopodia formed during early interactions of HSV-1 with the target cells. While the increase in number was common among all the infected cells, the highest numbers of filopodia was observed in cells expressing the 3-OST-3 modified form of heparan sulfate (HS) encoded either by human or ZF. The levels of viral infection and filopodia induction were reduced with the actin polymerization inhibitors, Cytochalasin-D and Lantriculin B, suggesting an important role for actin reorganization during ZF-3-OST-3 mediated HSV-1 entry. Supporting an interesting possibility of filopodia usage during HSV-1 spread, pre-treatment of cytochalasin D in ZF-3-OST-3 cells drastically reduced virus glycoprotein induced cell fusion. Conclusions: Taken together, our results provide new evidence on the involvement of filopodia during HSV-1 infection of ZF-3-OST-3 cells and confirm a role for modified heparan sulfate in cytoskeleton rearrangement during HSV-1 entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Choudhary
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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25
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Kamhi E, Joo EJ, Dordick JS, Linhardt RJ. Glycosaminoglycans in infectious disease. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 88:928-43. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Kamhi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Drughoming Ltd; Rehovot Israel
| | - Eun Ji Joo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
| | - Jonathan S. Dordick
- Department of Biology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Department of Biology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy New York 12180-3590 U.S.A
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26
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Park PJ, Shukla D. Role of heparan sulfate in ocular diseases. Exp Eye Res 2013; 110:1-9. [PMID: 23410824 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS), a ubiquitous and structurally diverse cell surface polysaccharide and extracellular matrix component, is a factor common to several major eye pathologies. Its multitude of functions and variable distribution among the different ocular tissues makes it an important contributor to a variety of disease states. Although HS facilitates the pathogenesis of many disorders, its role in each varies. Unique functions of HS have been particularly noted in viral and bacterial keratitis and age-related macular degeneration. Combined, these pathologies comprise a large portion of conditions leading to visual impairment worldwide. Given this prevalence of diseases facilitated by HS, it is prudent to take an in-depth look at this compound in the context of these pathologic states. While the initial part of the review will discuss the pathogenic aspects of HS, it is also important to consider the wider implications of such roles for HS. The remainder of the article will specifically address one such implication, the possibility for future use of novel HS-based therapeutics to combat these eye pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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27
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Baldwin J, Shukla D, Tiwari V. Members of 3-O-Sulfotransferases (3-OST) Family: A Valuable Tool from Zebrafish to Humans for Understanding Herpes Simplex Virus Entry. Open Virol J 2013; 7:5-11. [PMID: 23358893 PMCID: PMC3553493 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901307010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The journey of many viruses to infect cells begins when the virus first binds to cell surface heparan sulfate (HS). The initial step of cell attachment or binding during herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) entry is mediated by envelope glycoprotein B (gB) and C (gC). The binding is followed by fusion between virus envelope and cell membrane during which HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) interacts with a modified form of HS know as 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate (3-OS HS). The rare modification of 3-O-sulfation on HS chain is governed by enzymes known as 3-O-sulfotransferase (3-OST). Currently, there are seven isoforms of human 3-OSTs that have been identified, and with the exception of 3-OST-1, all other 3-OST isoforms allow HSV-1 entry and spread. Recently, the product of the zebrafish (ZF)-encoded 3-OST-3 was also recognized as a gD receptor, which mediates HSV-1 entry and cell-cell fusion similar to human 3-OST-3. Interestingly, the ZF system expresses multiple isoforms of 3-OST which could be very useful for studying the involvement of HS and 3-OS HS in virus tropism and virus-induced inflammation. In addition, therapeutic targeting of 3-OST generated HS is likely to bring about novel interventions against HSV-1. In this review we have taken a closer look at the potential of both human and ZF encoded 3-OSTs as valuable tools in HSV entry and inflammation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Baldwin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
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28
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Tiwari V, Maus E, Sigar IM, Ramsey KH, Shukla D. Role of heparan sulfate in sexually transmitted infections. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1402-12. [PMID: 22773448 PMCID: PMC3481906 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface heparan sulfate (HS), a polysaccharide composed of alternating uronic acid and glucosamine residues, represents a common link that many sexually transmitted infections (STIs) require for infection. Variable modifications within the monomeric units of HS chains together with their unique structural conformations generate heterogeneity, which expands the ability of HS to bind a diverse array of host and microbial proteins. Recent advances made in the field of glycobiology have critically enhanced our understanding of HS and its interactions with microbes and their significance in important human diseases. The role of HS has been elaborated for several STIs to include those caused by herpes simplex virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, and Chlamydia. In addition, gonorrhea, syphilis, and yeast infections are also dependent on the presence of HS on human target cells. Critical steps such as pathogen adhesion or binding to host cells followed by internalization to enhance intracellular survival and possible spread to other cells are mediated by HS. In addition, HS guided cell signaling plays a role in the development of angiogenesis and inflammation associated with many STIs. Past and ongoing investigations are providing new push for the development of HS-mimetics and analogs as novel prevention strategies against many different STIs. This review article summarizes the significance of HS in STIs and describes how emerging new products that target HS can be used to control the spread of STIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
| | - Erika Maus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Ira M Sigar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Kyle H Ramsey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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One-pot characterization of cancer cells by the analysis of mucin-type glycans and glycosaminoglycans. Anal Biochem 2011; 421:595-606. [PMID: 22212498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We developed an automated apparatus for rapid releasing of O-glycans from mucin-type glycoproteins [Anal. Biochem. 371 (2007) 52-61; Anal. Chem. 82 (2010) 7436-7443] and applied the device to analyze them in some cancer cell lines [J. Proteome Res. 8 (2009) 521-537]. We also found that the device is useful to release glycosaminoglycans from proteoglycans [Anal. Biochem. 362 (2007) 245-251]. Based on these studies, we developed a method for one-pot analysis of mucin-type glycans and glycosaminoglycans after releasing them from total protein pool obtained from some cancer cell lines. Mucin-type glycans were analyzed by a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques, and glycosaminoglycans were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis as fluorescent-labeled unsaturated disaccharides after digestion with specific eliminases followed by fluorescent labeling. Ten cancer cell lines, including blood cancer cells as well as epithelial cancer cells, were used to assess the method. The results clearly revealed that both mucin-type glycans and glycosaminoglycans showed quite interesting profiles. Thus, the current technique will be a powerful tool for discovery of glycan markers of diseases.
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