1
|
Zhao H, Zhang X, Xiu M, Wu F. Sex-related differences in parental rearing patterns in young adults with bipolar disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21738. [PMID: 38066062 PMCID: PMC10709453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the parenting characteristics of young patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and explore the sex differences. The parental rearing pattern of young patients with BD was measured and compared with the healthy control of young adults. The EMBU scale was used to assess parental rearing patterns. Patients with BD reported significantly higher scores in the punishment and severity index, as well as of the rejection and denial index, but lower scores in the warmth & affectionate index in the paternal rearing pattern, compared with healthy controls. In addition, patients scored higher on the punishment and severity index and rejection and patterns index in maternal rearing patterns. More importantly, we found significant sex differences in maternal rearing patterns (pBonferroni < 0.05). Specifically, in the maternal rearing patterns, male patients had higher scores on the favoring index than male controls, whereas female patients had lower scores on the warmth & affectionate index than female controls. This study shows significant differences in parental rearing patterns between patients and control subjects. Male patients were overprotective by their mothers and female patients were overlooked by their mothers during upbringing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhao
- Hebei Province Veterans Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Xujing Zhang
- Hebei Province Mental Health Center, Baoding, China
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chauhan VS, Sharma M, Chatterjee K, Prakash J, Srivastava K, Chaudhury S. Childhood trauma and bipolar affective disorder: Is there a linkage? Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:S9-S14. [PMID: 38370947 PMCID: PMC10871434 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_206_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a major psychiatric illness impairing the quality of life. The etiology of BPAD is influenced by different factors possibly related to gene-environment interactions. Approximately 30% to 50% of individuals with BPAD have experienced some traumatic event in childhood. Serious adverse experiences that children may suffer early in life are often described as childhood trauma (CT). It includes physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and physical and emotional neglect. CT is linked with an elevated risk of developing BPAD. Childhood adversities play a role in modulating the early onset of illness, increased number of depressive episodes, increased suicide attempts, and other clinical severity of BPAD. Hospital-based studies comprising heterogeneous populations had researched the specific role of each trauma subtype as a predisposing factor for BPAD. Identifying and addressing CT through early intervention methods may prevent the future development of chronic disorders like BPAD. This review article is an attempt to explore and highlight the existing literature regarding the association of different subtypes of CT with BPAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markanday Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Jyoti Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Suprakash Chaudhury
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
van Sprang ED, Maciejewski DF, Milaneschi Y, Kullberg MLJ, Elzinga BM, van Hemert AM, Hartman CA, Penninx BWJH. Weighing psychosocial factors in relatives for the risk of psychopathology: a study of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders and their siblings. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1213-1226. [PMID: 36790574 PMCID: PMC10366289 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Siblings of probands with depressive and anxiety disorders are at increased risk for psychopathology, but little is known about how risk factors operate within families to increase psychopathology for siblings. We examined the additional impact of psychosocial risk factors in probands-on top of or in combination with those in siblings-on depressive/anxious psychopathology in siblings. METHODS The sample included 636 participants (Mage = 49.7; 62.4% female) from 256 families, each including a proband with lifetime depressive and/or anxiety disorders and their sibling(s) (N = 380 proband-sibling pairs). Sixteen psychosocial risk factors were tested. In siblings, depressive and anxiety disorders were determined with standardized psychiatric interviews; symptom severity was measured using self-report questionnaires. Analyses were performed with mixed-effects models accounting for familial structure. RESULTS In siblings, various psychosocial risk factors (female gender, low income, childhood trauma, poor parental bonding, being single, smoking, hazardous alcohol use) were associated with higher symptomatology and likelihood of disorder. The presence of the same risk factor in probands was independently associated (low income, being single) with higher symptomatology in siblings or moderated (low education, childhood trauma, hazardous alcohol use)-by reducing its strength-the association between the risk factor and symptomatology in siblings. There was no additional impact of risk factors in probands on likelihood of disorder in siblings. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the importance of weighing psychosocial risk factors within a family context, as it may provide relevant information on the risk of affective psychopathology for individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore D van Sprang
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dominique F Maciejewski
- Department of Developmental Psychopathology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bernet M Elzinga
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fares-Otero NE, De Prisco M, Oliva V, Radua J, Halligan SL, Vieta E, Martinez-Aran A. Association between childhood maltreatment and social functioning in individuals with affective disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023. [PMID: 37105552 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood maltreatment has been linked to impairments in social functioning and social cognition in adults with affective disorders. However, conclusions have been limited by inconsistent findings across different maltreatment subtypes and social domains. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify associations between childhood maltreatment (overall and subtypes - physical, emotional and/or sexual abuse, and/or physical and/or emotional neglect) and different domains of social functioning and social cognition in adults with affective disorders (bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder). We also examined effect moderators and mediators of these associations. METHODS A systematic search was performed on 12.12.2022 which identified 29 studies included in qualitative synthesis (n = 3022 individuals with affective disorders), of which 27 (n = 2957) were pooled in meta-analyses. Across studies, five social functioning and five social cognition domains were examined, of which four domains of social functioning and two domains of social cognition had sufficient data for meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42022288976). RESULTS Social functioning: childhood maltreatment was associated with lower global social functioning (r = -0.11 to -0.20), poorer interpersonal relations (r = -0.18 to -0.33), and with aggressive behaviour (r = 0.20-0.29) but was unrelated to vocational functioning. Emotional abuse and emotional neglect showed the largest magnitudes of effect. Social cognition: there was no meta-analytic evidence of associations between maltreatment and social cognition domains. Exploratory moderation analyses did not identify any consistent moderators. Narrative synthesis identified attachment style as possible moderator, and sensory patterns, anxiety, and depressive symptoms as possible mediators between childhood maltreatment and social outcomes. Overall, the available evidence was limited, particularly in relation to social cognition. CONCLUSIONS Adults with affective disorders are at risk of social functioning difficulties after childhood maltreatment exposure, an effect observed across multiple maltreatment subtypes, social functioning domains, and diagnoses. Addressing social functioning problems may benefit maltreated adults with both bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Fares-Otero
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Oliva
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah L Halligan
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anabel Martinez-Aran
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Relationship between childhood trauma and resilience in patients with mood disorders. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:162-170. [PMID: 36395993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma has lasting negative impacts on individuals' psychological functioning. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the association between childhood trauma and resilience and none examining such relationship among diverse clinical populations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship in patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and a comparison group. METHODS In total, 787 psychiatric patients and 734 people from the general population participated in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to assess childhood trauma and resilience, respectively. RESULTS Individuals with childhood trauma showed lower levels of resilience in all subjects; among them, those who experienced emotional abuse and emotional neglect exhibited even stronger associations than other types of childhood trauma. There was a significant difference in the negative relationship between childhood trauma and resilience by group, where the association was more prominent in the comparison group than in MDD and BD II patient groups. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of our results may be limited due to unproportionate patient sample size. Also, we could not examine the causal relationship between childhood trauma and resilience. CONCLUSION Childhood trauma and resilience had a significantly negative association. Our results suggest that people who have experienced emotional abuse and emotional neglect should be closely assisted to develop resilience. Interventions that promote resilience should be provided to individuals predisposed to psychological risks as a result of childhood trauma.
Collapse
|
6
|
Haidl TK, Hedderich DM, Rosen M, Kaiser N, Seves M, Lichtenstein T, Penzel N, Wenzel J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Ruef A, Popovic D, Schultze-Lutter F, Chisholm K, Upthegrove R, Salokangas RKR, Pantelis C, Meisenzahl E, Wood SJ, Brambilla P, Borgwardt S, Ruhrmann S, Kambeitz J, Koutsouleris N. The non-specific nature of mental health and structural brain outcomes following childhood trauma. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1005-1014. [PMID: 34225834 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma (CT) is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders; however, it is unknown whether this represents a diagnosis-specific risk factor for specific psychopathology mediated by structural brain changes. Our aim was to explore whether (i) a predictive CT pattern for transdiagnostic psychopathology exists, and whether (ii) CT can differentiate between distinct diagnosis-dependent psychopathology. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the association between CT, psychopathology and brain structure. METHODS We used multivariate pattern analysis in data from 643 participants of the Personalised Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management study (PRONIA), including healthy controls (HC), recent onset psychosis (ROP), recent onset depression (ROD), and patients clinically at high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Participants completed structured interviews and self-report measures including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, SCID diagnostic interview, BDI-II, PANSS, Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms and structural MRI, analyzed by voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS (i) Patients and HC could be distinguished by their CT pattern with a reasonable precision [balanced accuracy of 71.2% (sensitivity = 72.1%, specificity = 70.4%, p ≤ 0.001]. (ii) Subdomains 'emotional neglect' and 'emotional abuse' were most predictive for CHR and ROP, while in ROD 'physical abuse' and 'sexual abuse' were most important. The CT pattern was significantly associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in ROD, ROP, and CHR, as well as with the PANSS total and negative domain scores in the CHR patients. No associations between group-separating CT patterns and brain structure were found. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CT poses a transdiagnostic risk factor for mental health disorders, possibly related to depressive symptoms. While differences in the quality of CT exposure exist, diagnostic differentiation was not possible suggesting a multi-factorial pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa K Haidl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlene Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nathalie Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mauro Seves
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lichtenstein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nora Penzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian Wenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Ruef
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Popovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharine Chisholm
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham Womens and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eva Meisenzahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen J Wood
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry (Psychiatric University Hospital, UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu J, Wang Y, Wilson A, Chen H, Liu P, Chen X, Tang H, Luo C, Tian Y, Wang X, Cao X, Zhou J. Anticipating Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Depression in young adult with first episode of depression using childhood trauma and personality. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1061894. [PMID: 36703813 PMCID: PMC9871579 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1061894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Relevant research focusing on young adults with Unipolar Depression (UD) and Bipolar Depression (BD) is limited. The current research aims to investigate childhood trauma and personality traits in young adults with UD and BD. Methods Two hundred and thirty-five patients in a first depressive episode (diagnosed UD and BD), 16-25 years old, were recruited from Second Xiangya Hospital. And 79 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the community to form the comparison group. Patients' childhood trauma was measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and personality was measured by Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare depression, anxiety, CTQ, and EPI scores between the HC (n = 79), UD (n = 131), and BD (n = 104) groups. Factors independently associated with mood disorders and BD were determined using binary logistic regression analyses. Results Compared with HC, mood disorders had more severe anxiety and depression symptoms, and higher CTQ. Emotional abuse (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.08-2.01), emotional neglect (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.05-1.46), and neuroticism (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.16-1.35) were associated with significantly increased odds of mood disorders. Whereas, higher extraversion scores were a protective factor for mood disorders. Compared with UD, BD had more severe anxiety symptoms, and higher CTQ, than extraversion and neuroticism personality scores. Anxiety (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02-1.08) and extraversion (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03-1.09) were associated with significantly increased odds of BD. Conclusion Interventions to prevent childhood trauma may improve young adults' mental health. Using childhood trauma and personality to anticipate BD and UD creates more accurate treatment for young adults with first depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Wilson
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peiqu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianliang Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huajia Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenyuli Luo
- Dongguan Mental Health Center, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Health Management Center, Health Management Research Center of Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Xia Cao ✉
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Jiansong Zhou ✉
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fang M, Ferro MA, Dubin JA, Oremus M. The association between adverse childhood experiences and depression symptoms in older adults in China: An analysis of the China health and retirement study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2022.2123696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingying Fang
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mark A. Ferro
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Joel A. Dubin
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mark Oremus
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Waikamp V, Serralta FB, Ramos-Lima LF, Zatti C, Freitas LHM. Relationship between childhood trauma, parental bonding, and defensive styles and psychiatric symptoms in adult life. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 43:225-234. [PMID: 34855314 PMCID: PMC8638712 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction A relationship between different types of childhood trauma, parental care, and defensive styles and development of psychiatric symptoms in adulthood is proposed in this study. Understanding the nature of this association is essential to assist psychotherapists who treat patients with a history of past trauma. This study aims to examine the associations between childhood trauma, parental bonding, and defensive styles and current symptoms in adult patients who sought care at an analytical psychotherapy clinic. Methods The sample comprised 197 patients from an analytically oriented psychotherapy clinic. Participants responded to four self-report instruments that assessed, respectively, presence and frequency of several types of early trauma, type of parental attachment, styles of defenses, and current symptoms encompassing a wide variety of psychopathological syndromes. Results Only 5% of patients reported not having experienced any traumatic experience in childhood. Several traumas such as emotional and physical abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect showed positive and significant associations with several dimensions of current symptoms, and also with parental bonding and defensive styles. When analyzed together with the other variables, defensive styles explained the level of psychological suffering caused by the symptoms. Conclusions This study offers additional support for understanding the associations between childhood trauma, parental bonding styles, and defense styles and the psychiatric symptoms of patients in analytically oriented psychotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitória Waikamp
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Barcellos Serralta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Francisco Ramos-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Zatti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena Machado Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Sun Y, Wang J, Sun J, Cao F. The association of different parenting styles among depressed parents and their offspring's depression and anxiety: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:495. [PMID: 34627177 PMCID: PMC8502291 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parenting styles play a critical role in children's development, especially for those in families with a depressed parent. To date, no study has explored whether youth perceptions of parenting style are heterogeneous in families with a depressed parent or whether heterogeneous parenting styles are associated with children's internalizing symptoms. METHODS Participants were children aged 8-16 years who had a parent with major depressive disorder; they were enrolled through their parents, who were outpatients at two hospitals in Ningxia. Parenting styles were measured using the Parental Bonding Instrument. Youth depression and anxiety were measured using the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children and the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders, respectively. We applied latent profile analysis to identify the subtypes of parenting styles with similar patterns. Differences between subtypes in relation to demographic variables and parenting style scores were calculated using one-way ANOVAs, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, and chi-squared tests. Bivariate logistic analyses were conducted to examine the associations between parental bonding subtypes and children's depression and anxiety. RESULTS Four parenting styles were identified through latent profile analysis: care-autonomy, overprotection-indifference, indifference, and undifferentiated parenting. Youth with care-autonomy parents had a lower risk of depression (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06-0.41) and anxiety (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.10-0.48), while indifference parenting increased children's risk of depression (OR: 5.29; 95% CI: 1.30-21.54) more than undifferentiated parenting. CONCLUSIONS Children with a depressed parent had heterogeneous perceptions of parenting styles. Mothers' and fathers' parenting styles were largely congruent. Care-autonomy parenting (high care and high autonomy) may decrease children's risk of depression, whereas indifference parenting (low care and autonomy) may increase their risk of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China ,grid.412194.b0000 0004 1761 9803Ningxia Medical University, No. 1106 South Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China ,grid.413385.8Mental Health Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 South Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Honglan Shi
- grid.413385.8Mental Health Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 South Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Yuan Wang
- grid.413385.8Mental Health Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 South Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Juan Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Jiwei Sun
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong Province China
| | - Fenglin Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Benz ABE, Kloker LV, Kuhlmann T, Meier M, Unternaehrer E, Bentele UU, Dimitroff SJ, Denk BF, Reips UD, Pruessner JC. [Psychometric Properties of a German Translation of the Parental Bonding Instrument]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2021; 72:34-44. [PMID: 34255328 DOI: 10.1055/a-1503-5328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Parenting behavior affects a child's development as well as the etiology and treatment of mental disorders. The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI; Parker, Tupling & Brown, 1979) is a well-known measurement tool to retrospectively assess parenting styles. Yet, no sufficiently validated German version exists to date. Therefore, we developed an updated translation of the German PBI version (PBI-dt) and analyzed its psychometric properties in an online survey based on a sample of n=791 German-speaking participants with a focus on item and reliability characteristics, construct and criterion validity as well as factorial structure of the PBI-dt.Our results indicated good item characteristics and reliability (α=0.86-0.95). Correlations between PBI and CTQ-SF (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form) scales were in line with the literature. Significant differences in the reported parenting style were found between people with and without mental illness as well as between normal-weight and overweight people. These results indicated the presence of good construct and criterion validity. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated an acceptable model fit for all fit indices in the original 2-factor model of Parker et al. (1979) as well as in the 3-factor model with the scales CareCareCareCareCareCare, Discouragement of behavioral freedomDiscouragement of behavioral freedomDiscouragement of behavioral freedomDiscouragement of behavioral freedomDiscouragement of behavioral freedomDiscouragement of behavioral freedom and Denial of psychological autonomyDenial of psychological autonomyDenial of psychological autonomyDenial of psychological autonomyDenial of psychological autonomyDenial of psychological autonomy. A 3-factor structure provided additional information, e. g., a better differentiation between normal and overweight people. Hence, this German translation of the PBI has good psychometric properties and is a reliable measuring instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tim Kuhlmann
- Psychologische Diagnostik und Differentielle Psychologie, Universität Siegen, Deutschland.,Psychologische Methoden, Diagnostik & iScience, Universität Konstanz, Deutschland
| | - Maria Meier
- Neuropsychologie, Universität Konstanz, Deutschland
| | - Eva Unternaehrer
- Neuropsychologie, Universität Konstanz, Deutschland.,Klinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Universität Basel, Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel (UPK), Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Ulf-Dietrich Reips
- Psychologische Methoden, Diagnostik & iScience, Universität Konstanz, Deutschland
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haidl TK, Gruen M, Dizinger J, Rosen M, Doll CM, Penzel N, Daum L, Große Hokamp N, Klosterkötter J, Ruhrmann S, Vogeley K, Schultze-Lutter F, Kambeitz J. Is there a diagnosis-specific influence of childhood trauma on later educational attainment? A machine learning analysis in a large help-seeking sample. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:591-597. [PMID: 33992982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood adversities and trauma (CAT) are associated with poor functional outcome. However, the influence of the single CAT aspects on the risk of a poor functional outcome within different mental disorders has not been investigated so far. Our aims were (i) to predict individual functional outcome based on CAT (ii) to examine whether the prediction power differs within different diagnostic groups (clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR), psychosis, affective disorders, anxiety disorders) (iii) to compare the specific patterns of CAT experiences, influencing functional outcomes in these groups. METHOD Clinical data of 707 patients (mean age: 25.09 years (SD = 5.6), 65.5% male) of the Cologne Early Recognition and Intervention Center were assessed with the Trauma And Distress Scale. Functional outcome was estimated by the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and school educational attainment. Using machine learning, we generated individualized models to predict functional outcome and to identify specific CAT patterns. RESULTS Across the entire sample, the best prediction for the functional outcome achieved a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 0.6. After splitting into the single diagnostic groups, an improvement with best results in the psychosis group (BAC = 0.70) was observed. Considering specific CAT patterns, the most predictive items depicted a positive and caring environment - or the absence of these, a positive self-image and experiences of bullying. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that CAT was differentially associated with functional outcome in the various mental disorders. Thus, the importance of mediating variables, that might explain the interindividual differences in the vulnerability to CAT, like resilience factors, appeared to be crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Katharina Haidl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Michael Gruen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian Dizinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marlene Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Martha Doll
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nora Penzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Daum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nils Große Hokamp
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim Klosterkötter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Vogeley
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Research Center Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - Cognitive Neuroscience (INM3), Germany
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abbaspour A, Bahreini M, Akaberian S, Mirzaei K. Parental bonding styles in schizophrenia, depressive and bipolar patients: a comparative study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:169. [PMID: 33771132 PMCID: PMC7995770 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous bio-psychosocial factors play a role in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. In this regard, the relationship between parents and their children is significantly involved in developing the offspring mental health. However, there is no clear-cut answer as to which parental bonding style is more strongly associated with psychiatric diseases of patients. This study aimed to compare parental bonding styles in patients with schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder in Bushehr province, Iran in 2018. METHODS In this cross-sectional comparative study, 130 patients with schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder who referred to four outpatients psychiatric centers in Bushehr were selected using quota sampling. The patients were assessed and compared in terms of parental bonding styles. Data were collected using a valid and reliable parental bonding instrument (PBI). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (ver. 22), Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests at a significant level of 0.05. RESULTS Results showed that the optimal parental bonding style (low control, high care) in bipolar disorder (43.05%), major depression (47.7%), and schizophrenia (38.5%) was the most prevalent style of parental bonding; however, 62.30% of the above patients suffered from inefficient paternal bonding styles and 51.53% from inefficient maternal bonding styles. Furthermore, the patients' maternal bonding styles were significantly different (p = 0.007) while their paternal bonding styles did not show any significant differences (p = 0.848). CONCLUSIONS Most of the patients with psychiatric disorders were affected by ineffective parenting styles. The results also confirmed that despite the several bio-psycho-social factors involved in the development of psychiatric disorders, the crucial roles of parents, especially mothers, should not be ignored. It was further suggested that parents and parental bonding were important and fundamental factors for mental health promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidin Abbaspour
- grid.411832.dNursing and Midwifery School, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Masoud Bahreini
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Sherafat Akaberian
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Nursing and Midwifery School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Mirzaei
- grid.411832.dCommunity Medicine, Medical School, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Impact of Childhood Trauma and Attachment on Resilience in Remitted Patients with Bipolar Disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 280:219-227. [PMID: 33220557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma has been reported to be associated with severe course of illness, insecure attachment, and lower resilience in bipolar disorder. We aimed to examine the impact of childhood trauma on resilience and possible mediating role of attachment on this impact in bipolar disorder. METHODS The study group comprised of 110 remitted patients with bipolar disorder. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Young Mani Rating Scale (YMRS) are administered to verify remission. Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Experiences in Close Relationships-revised (ECR-R), and Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) scales administered to all patients. RESULTS More than half of patients in bipolar disorder group reported childhood trauma. HAM-D scores were positively associated with childhood trauma total scores and emotional abuse scores, negatively associated with resilience, with attachment-related anxiety. Total childhood trauma scores were associated with lower scores of resilience, higher scores of attachment-related anxiety and avoidance. Resilience scores were negatively associated with attachment-related anxiety and avoidance. Impact of childhood trauma on resilience was partly mediated by attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, respectively. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of this study is a limitation in terms of determining causality of the identified relationships. CONCLUSIONS Childhood traumas are associated with lower resilience and higher attachment-related anxiety and avoidance. Attachment-related anxiety and avoidance partly mediated the negative effect of childhood trauma on resilience. Since resilience is associated with increased quality of life in bipolar disorder, it might be helpful to develop attachment-informed psychosocial interventions to ameliorate the detrimental effect of childhood trauma on resilience.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lazary J, Eszlari N, Kriko E, Tozser D, Dome P, Deakin JFW, Juhasz G, Bagdy G. Genetic analyses of the endocannabinoid pathway in association with affective phenotypic variants. Neurosci Lett 2021; 744:135600. [PMID: 33421489 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGORUND Increasing experimental data confirm the crucial role of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in the regulation of stress response and emotional processes. Despite of the fact, that genetically determined vulnerability for stress is a widely accepted concept in the pathomechanism of affective disorders, replicable human genetic results with interaction analyses of early life trauma and eCB genes are rare. The aim of this study is to test the associations between genetic variants of the eCB pathway, childhood trauma and affective phenotypes. METHODS We selected 18,897 SNPs in the eCB pathway of a GWAS dataset in two general population cohorts (BP sample N = 837; MN sample N = 988). Association analyses were performed on the anxious and depressive subscales of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-ANX and BSI-DEP, respectively). Childhood trauma was assessed by the Childhood Adversity Questionnaire (CAQ). Association analyses were performed in the R 2.0. statistical program using the SNPassoc package. REULTS Genetic effect was more robust in the BP sample than in the MN sample. The most comprehensive results showed that SNPs in the CACNA1C gene associated with depressive phenotype in interaction with CAQ in both BP (p = 1.2 × 10-4) and MN samples (p = 1.6 × 10-4). Direct association analyses (without interaction) provided significant associations between SNPs in different genesets of the two study populations. SNPs in KCNJ3 and GNB5 genes on the BSI-DEP (p = 6.1 × 10-5; p = 7.1 × 10-4) and GNG12 gene on the BSI-ANX (p = 7.4 × 10-6) in the BP sample, while GABAergic, ADCY1 and HTR2A gene variants can be outlined from results of MN sample with less strong p-values. CONCLUSION Our results confirmed the prominent role of CACNA1C gene in the pathogenic effect of early life stress in the development of affective vulnerability in two different study populations using GxE interaction analysis. CACNA1C gene, as it encodes for L-type voltage-gated calcium channel, contributes to neuronal excitability, plasticity and neurogenesis being a crucial effector of both eCB signaling and the BDNF-CREB pathway as well. Our findings suggest that childhood trauma related depression may have more robust genetically determined basis than without early life stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Lazary
- National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nora Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kriko
- Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Tozser
- Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Dome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J F William Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The relations between childhood maltreatment, shame, guilt, depression and suicidal ideation in inpatient adolescents. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:667-677. [PMID: 32871699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated positive relations between various forms of maltreatment and suicidal ideation in youth; however, mechanisms underlying these relationships are not well understood. We propose that the experience of maltreatment in childhood may lead to high levels of generalized guilt and shame, resulting in an increase of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescents. The aim of the current study was to test our model of relations between these constructs using path analysis. METHODS 112 inpatient adolescents aged 12-17 years completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure various types of maltreatment, the Personal Feelings Questionnaire to evaluate generalized guilt and shame, the Beck Depression Inventory-II to assess depressive symptoms, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale to assess suicidal ideation. RESULTS Findings partly confirmed the theoretical model. Indirect positive effects of sexual and emotional abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect on suicidal ideation via generalized self-conscious emotion and/or depression were demonstrated. In contrast to our predictions, indirect negative effects of physical abuse on suicidal thoughts via generalized guilt and shame and depression were found. LIMITATIONS Sample characterized by predominately Caucasian inpatient adolescents from financially stable and well-educated environments, over-reliance on self-report measures and the lack of a longitudinal design were main limitations of the study. CONCLUSIONS The study provides novel information on the potential mechanisms underlying the association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Generalized guilt and/or shame could be possible targets for interventions for victims of some forms of maltreatment to reduce depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Seki T, Shimura A, Miyama H, Furuichi W, Ono K, Masuya J, Odagiri Y, Inoue S, Inoue T. Influence of Parenting Quality and Neuroticism on Perceived Job Stressors and Psychological and Physical Stress Response in Adult Workers from the Community. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2007-2015. [PMID: 32922014 PMCID: PMC7457739 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s260624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex interaction between parenting styles, job stressors, and the stress response has not been clarified to date. We hypothesized that neuroticism acts as a mediator in the effects of parenting quality on perceived job stressors and the psychological and physical stress response (PPSR), and tested this hypothesis using covariance structure analysis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We conducted research between April 2017 and April 2018 on 597 adult from the community, and 69 subjects were excluded owing to missing data or nonworkers. Finally, a total of 528 participants were analyzed using the following self-administered questionnaires: the Parental Bonding Instrument, the shortened Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ). The data were analyzed by single regression analyses and covariance structure analyses. Job stress was assessed by the BJSQ and 2 subscales, ie, perceived job stressors and the PPSR. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Medical University. RESULTS On covariance structure analysis, high parental overprotection was associated with high neuroticism and high PPSR directly, but had no significant effect on perceived job stressors. High parental overprotection was associated with high-perceived job stressors and the high PPSR indirectly through enhanced neuroticism. High parental overprotection was also associated with the high PPSR indirectly through 2 combined paths of neuroticism and perceived job stressors. This model accounted for 40% of the variability of the PPSR. On the other hand, parental care had opposite effects to parental overprotection, and this model of parental care accounted for 39% of the variability of PPSR. The model fits of the 2 models were good. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the quality of parenting in childhood is associated with perceived job stressors and the PPSR indirectly through neuroticism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Seki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.,Fuji Psychosomatic Rehabilitation Institute Hospital, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka 418-0035, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Wataru Furuichi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yuko Odagiri
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| |
Collapse
|