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Ramos Junior OJF, Tavares IRG, Lima RC, Conte-Junior CA, Alvares TS. Jaboticaba berry ( Myrciaria jaboticaba) supplementation protects against micro- and macrovascular dysfunction induced by eccentric exercise: a randomized clinical trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:7148-7160. [PMID: 38888158 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01907e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Physical activities that are unaccustomed and involve eccentric muscle contractions have been demonstrated to temporarily impair macrovascular and microvascular functions, which may be caused by exercise-induced oxidative stress. Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a famous Brazilian berry that has been described to exhibit high antioxidant activity. However, no human study has investigated the protective effects of jaboticaba consumption against the vascular damage induced by eccentric exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess whether supplementation with jaboticaba berry juice could positively affect macro- and microvascular functions within 48 hours after eccentric exercise. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial enrolled 24 healthy participants consuming 250 mL per day of jaboticaba berry juice (containing ∼1,300 mg of total polyphenols) or placebo for 6 days. At the baseline, pre-exercise, and 24 h and 48 h postexercise stages, blood samples were taken for analysis of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), blood flow, and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) responses to 5-minute cuff occlusion were assessed using Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Our findings revealed significant decreases in blood GSH (P < 0.001, ES = 0.76), FMD (P = 0.005, ES = 0.48), reperfusion slope of StO2 (P = 0.018, ES = 0.42) at 24 h and blood flow (P = 0.012, ES = 0.42) at 48 h following eccentric exercise in the control group as compared to the jaboticaba berry juice group. Our results demonstrated that jaboticaba berry juice prevented the exercise-induced increase in reactive oxygen species production and protected macro- and microvascular functions against the damage caused by eccentric exercise, suggesting that jaboticaba berry consumption could protect the vascular function under conditions of imbalance in redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olavo João Frederico Ramos Junior
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Ribeiro Grangeira Tavares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Rayssa Cruz Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Silveira Alvares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
- Food and Nutrition Institute, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil
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2
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Carvalho F, Lahlou RA, Silva LR. Phenolic Compounds from Cherries and Berries for Chronic Disease Management and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction. Nutrients 2024; 16:1597. [PMID: 38892529 PMCID: PMC11174419 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Therefore, there is increasing interest in dietary interventions to reduce risk factors associated with these conditions. Cherries and berries are rich sources of bioactive compounds and have attracted attention for their potential cardiovascular benefits. This review summarises the current research on the effects of cherry and berry consumption on cardiovascular health, including in vivo studies and clinical trials. These red fruits are rich in phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and flavonoids, which have multiple bioactive properties. These properties include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory effects. Studies suggest that regular consumption of these fruits may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to lower blood pressure, improved lipid profiles, and enhanced endothelial function. However, interpreting findings and establishing optimal dosages is a challenge due to the variability in fruit composition, processing methods, and study design. Despite these limitations, the evidence highlights the potential of cherries and berries as components of preventive strategies against CVD. Further research is needed to maximise their health benefits and improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Carvalho
- SPRINT—Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- SPRINT—Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- SPRINT—Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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3
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Charoenwoodhipong P, Holt RR, Keen CL, Hedayati N, Sato T, Sone T, Hackman RM. The Effect of Hokkaido Red Wines on Vascular Outcomes in Healthy Adult Men: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4054. [PMID: 37764837 PMCID: PMC10535196 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate red wine intake has been associated with lower cardiovascular mortality, due in part to the intake of polyphenols and anthocyanins, whose content can vary from varietal and year of harvest. This study assessed the vascular effects in response to a single intake of 2015 and 2018 Zweigelt red wines from Hokkaido, Japan. Healthy men were randomly assigned to consume 240 mL each of a red wine, or a sparkling white grape juice as a control in a randomized three-arm cross-over design with a 7 day washout between arms. The augmentation index (AI; a measure of arterial stiffness) and AI at 75 beats/min (AI75), reactive hyperemia index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), and platelet reactivity were assessed at baseline and two and four hours after each beverage intake. Changes from the baseline were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Significant treatment effects (p = 0.02) were observed, with AI 13% lower after the intake of the 2015 or 2018 vintages compared to the control. Intake of the 2018 vintage reduced SBP and DBP (-4.1 mmHg and -5.6 mmHg, respectively; p = 0.02) compared to the 2015 wine and the control drink. The amount of hydroxytyrosol in the 2018 wine was almost twice the amount as in the 2015 wine, which may help explain the variable blood pressure results. Future studies exploring the vascular effects of the same red wine from different vintage years and different phenolic profiles are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta R. Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.C.)
| | - Carl L. Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Nasim Hedayati
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Sato
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Teruo Sone
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Robert M. Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.C.)
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4
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Zuelch ML, Radtke MD, Holt RR, Basu A, Burton-Freeman B, Ferruzzi MG, Li Z, Shay NF, Shukitt-Hale B, Keen CL, Steinberg FM, Hackman RM. Perspective: Challenges and Future Directions in Clinical Research with Nuts and Berries. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1005-1028. [PMID: 37536565 PMCID: PMC10509432 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of nuts and berries are considered part of a healthy eating pattern. Nuts and berries contain a complex nutrient profile consisting of essential vitamins and minerals, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phenolics in quantities that improve physiological outcomes. The spectrum of health outcomes that may be impacted by the consumptions of nuts and berries includes cardiovascular, gut microbiome, and cognitive, among others. Recently, new insights regarding the bioactive compounds found in both nuts and berries have reinforced their role for use in precision nutrition efforts. However, challenges exist that can affect the generalizability of outcomes from clinical studies, including inconsistency in study designs, homogeneity of test populations, variability in test products and control foods, and assessing realistic portion sizes. Future research centered on precision nutrition and multi-omics technologies will yield new insights. These and other topics such as funding streams and perceived risk-of-bias were explored at an international nutrition conference focused on the role of nuts and berries in clinical nutrition. Successes, challenges, and future directions with these foods are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Zuelch
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marcela D Radtke
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Roberta R Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Zhaoping Li
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neil F Shay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Barbara Shukitt-Hale
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Robert M Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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Hayden J, O'Donnell G, deLaunois I, O'Gorman C. Endothelial Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (Endo-PAT 2000) use in paediatric patients: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e062098. [PMID: 36657756 PMCID: PMC9853225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endo Peripheral Artery Tonometry (EndoPAT-2000) is a non-invasive technology for measuring endothelial dysfunction (ED). The reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) is resulted and is low when ED is present. We aim to synthesise the literature on paediatric ED that used Endo-PAT analysis. DESIGN A comprehensive systematic review was conducted from January 2015 to March 2021. The databases included Cochrane, MEDLINE EBSCO, EMBASE (Ovid), PUBMED and CINAHL EBSCO. Exclusion criteria were: (1) If a study used a different device, for example, (2) If the study had no results. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Published in the English, (2) more than 50% of study subjects were in the paediatric age range, (3) data relevant to paediatric age range children could be extrapolated from all data, where not all study subjects were children. RESULTS Following the removal of duplicates, 156 articles were initially identified. Following exclusion, 50 articles were included for review. We have subdivided these papers into different systems for ease of reference and have reported our findings in six tables: patients with type 1/2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, respiratory, psychiatric conditions and miscellaneous diseases. For each, the study design, population, control group (if available), RHI results and conclusions were reported. CONCLUSIONS A number of papers using Endo-PAT for children with various chronic diseases have evidence of ED. However, in many cases, there has only been a single cohort study using Endo-PAT. Further studies are required to validate these findings and to help characterise the cardiovascular risk profile of children with chronic disease. Further studies are also required that will characterise more completely the cardiovascular risk profile of these children.Consensus on other vascular risk markers that could be included in future studies is ideal and if accomplished, this would facilitate meta-analyses of studies of relatively rare conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hayden
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gill O'Donnell
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Clodagh O'Gorman
- Paediatrics, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
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6
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Nouruzi S, Vasheghani Farahani A, Rezaeizadeh H, Ghafouri P, Ghorashi SM, Omidi N. Platelet Aggregation Inhibition: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review on the Role of Herbs for Primary Prevention Based on Randomized Controlled Trials. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:505-516. [PMID: 36380973 PMCID: PMC9652499 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.91328.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet aggregation is a crucial mechanism in the progression of atherothrombotic events. This systematic review aims to introduce the plants studied in healthy people as the primary prevention to inhibit platelet aggregation. We also discuss possible mechanisms that are involved in the inhibition of platelet aggregation. METHODS A systematic search on the electronic medical databases from 1970 to February 2020 was performed. The selected keywords were: "herb", "plant", "platelet aggregation", "platelet activation", "clinical trial", "randomized" and "controlled". RESULTS The result of the initial search was a pool of 136 articles. After initial abstract reviewing, there were 55 relevant articles. Finally, 28 eligible records fulfilled our inclusion criteria to enter the qualitative synthesis process. CONCLUSION Out of the 10 plants evaluated in the clinical trials, nine had inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. Most of the reviewed plants, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L), garlic (Allium sativum), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), cacao (Theobroma cacao), grape (Vitis vinifera), ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), sea buckthorn berry (Hippophae), and argan (Argania spinose) could be potential sources for the primary prevention of atherothrombotic events at an appropriate dosage. Finally, we do not consider phytoceuticals as a replacement for the guideline-directed medical treatment. Large randomized double-blind clinical trials are required to evaluate the anti-platelet characteristics of these plants for the adjuvant primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samane Nouruzi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani Farahani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Rezaeizadeh
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Ghafouri
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Ghorashi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Miller JC, Satheesh Babu AK, Petersen C, Wankhade UD, Robeson MS, Putich MN, Mueller JE, O'Farrell AS, Cho JM, Chintapalli SV, Jalili T, Symons JD, Anandh Babu PV. Gut Microbes Are Associated with the Vascular Beneficial Effects of Dietary Strawberry on Metabolic Syndrome-Induced Vascular Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200112. [PMID: 36112603 PMCID: PMC9691581 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) alters the gut microbial ecology and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study investigates whether strawberry consumption reduces vascular complications in an animal model of MetS and identifies whether this effect is associated with changes in the composition of gut microbes. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven-week-old male mice consume diets with 10% (C) or 60% kcal from fat (high-fat diet fed mice; HF) for 12 weeks and subgroups are fed a 2.35% freeze-dried strawberry supplemented diet (C+SB or HF+SB). This nutritional dose is equivalent to ≈160 g of strawberry. After 12 weeks treatment, vascular inflammation is enhanced in HF versus C mice as shown by an increased monocyte binding to vasculature, elevated serum chemokines, and increased mRNA expression of inflammatory molecules. However, strawberry supplementation suppresses vascular inflammation in HF+SB versus HF mice. Metabolic variables, blood pressure, and indices of vascular function were similar among the groups. Further, the abundance of opportunistic microbe is decreased in HF+SB. Importantly, circulating chemokines are positively associated with opportunistic microbes and negatively associated with the commensal microbes (Bifidobacterium and Facalibaculum). CONCLUSION Dietary strawberry decreases the abundance of opportunistic microbe and this is associated with a decrease in vascular inflammation resulting from MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Coleman Miller
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | | | - Chrissa Petersen
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Umesh D Wankhade
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Michael S Robeson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Madison Nicole Putich
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer Ellen Mueller
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Aubrey Sarah O'Farrell
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes; and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Thunder Jalili
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - John David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes; and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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Ramírez-Garza SL, Laveriano-Santos EP, Arancibia-Riveros C, Carrasco-Jimenez JC, Bodega P, de Cos-Gandoy A, de Miguel M, Santos-Beneit G, Fernández-Alvira JM, Fernández-Jiménez R, Martínez-Gómez J, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Tresserra-Rimbau A. Urinary Nitric Oxide Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure, Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Total Polyphenol Excretion in Adolescents from the SI! Program. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2140. [PMID: 36358511 PMCID: PMC9686949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is important to cardiovascular health (CVH), and its bioavailability could be regulated by the antioxidant effect of polyphenols, improving endothelial function and consequently blood pressure (BP). However, scant research has been carried out on NO and CVH correlates in adolescent populations. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the association between NO and the CVH status and other health factors in adolescents. NO, total polyphenol excretion (TPE), anthropometric measurements, BP, blood lipid profile, blood glucose, diet, physical activity, and smoking status were recorded, while CVH score was classified as ideal, intermediate, and poor. Negative associations were observed between NO and body mass index, body fat percentage, BP, and triglycerides; and positive associations between NO and skeletal muscle percentage, HDL-cholesterol, fruit and vegetable intake, and TPE was observed. To capture more complex interactions among different factors, multiple linear regression was performed, obtaining a significant association between NO and fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0.175), TPE (β = 0.225), and systolic BP (β = -0.235). We conclude that urinary NO levels are positively associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants such as polyphenols and negatively associated with systolic BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L. Ramírez-Garza
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emily P. Laveriano-Santos
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Camila Arancibia-Riveros
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Bodega
- Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya de Cos-Gandoy
- Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes de Miguel
- Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Santos-Beneit
- Foundation for Science, Health and Education (SHE), 08008 Barcelona, Spain
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Clinico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades CardioVasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ramón Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Al-Dashti YA, Holt RR, Keen CL, Hackman RM. Date Palm Fruit ( Phoenix dactylifera): Effects on Vascular Health and Future Research Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094665. [PMID: 33925062 PMCID: PMC8125345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death globally, presenting an immense public and economic burden. Studies on cardioprotective foods and their bioactive components are needed to address both personal and public health needs. Date fruit is rich in polyphenols, particularly flavonoids, certain micronutrients, and dietary fiber, which can impact vascular health, and have the potential to attenuate vascular disease in humans. Data from in vitro and animal studies report that consumption of date fruit or extracts can modulate select markers of vascular health, particularly plasma lipid levels including triglycerides and cholesterol, indices of oxidative stress and inflammation, but human data is scant. More investigation is needed to better characterize date polyphenols and unique bioactive compounds or fractions, establish safe and effective levels of intake, and delineate underlying mechanisms of action. Implementing scientific rigor in clinical trials and assessment of functional markers of vascular disease, such as flow-mediated dilation and peripheral arterial tonometry, along with gut microbiome profiles would provide useful information with respect to human health. Emerging data supports the notion that intake of date fruit and extracts can be a useful component of a healthy lifestyle for those seeking beneficial effects on vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef A. Al-Dashti
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Shuwaikh 70654, Kuwait
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +965-9978-7153
| | - Roberta R. Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.R.H.); (C.L.K.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Carl L. Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.R.H.); (C.L.K.); (R.M.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Robert M. Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.R.H.); (C.L.K.); (R.M.H.)
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10
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Najjar RS, Schwartz AM, Wong BJ, Mehta PK, Feresin RG. Berries and Their Polyphenols as a Potential Therapy for Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: A Mini-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3373. [PMID: 33806050 PMCID: PMC8036956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) is a common diagnosis with a higher prevalence in women compared to men. Despite the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease and no structural heart disease, INOCA is associated with major adverse cardiovascular outcomes as well a significant contributor to angina and related disability. A major feature of INOCA is coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), which can be detected by non-invasive imaging and invasive coronary physiology assessments in humans. CMD is associated with epicardial endothelial-dependent and -independent dysfunction, diffuse atherosclerosis, and left-ventricular hypertrophy, all of which lead to insufficient blood flow to the myocardium. Inflammatory and oxidative stress signaling, upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and adrenergic receptor signaling are major drivers of CMD. Treatment of CMD centers around addressing cardiovascular risk factors; however, there are limited treatment options for those who do not respond to traditional anti-anginal therapies. In this review, we highlight the ability of berry-derived polyphenols to modulate those pathways. The evidence supports the need for future clinical trials to investigate the effectiveness of berries and their polyphenols in the treatment of CMD in INOCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Arielle M. Schwartz
- J. Willis Hurst Internal Medicine Residency Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Puja K. Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Women’s Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
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11
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Najjar RS, Turner CG, Wong BJ, Feresin RG. Berry-Derived Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Pathologies: Mechanisms of Disease and the Role of Diet and Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020387. [PMID: 33513742 PMCID: PMC7911141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, pathogenesis, and manifestation is differentially influenced by biological sex. Berry polyphenols target several signaling pathways pertinent to CVD development, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac and vascular remodeling, and there are innate differences in these pathways that also vary by sex. There is limited research systematically investigating sex differences in berry polyphenol effects on these pathways, but there are fundamental findings at this time that suggest a sex-specific effect. This review will detail mechanisms within these pathological pathways, how they differ by sex, and how they may be individually targeted by berry polyphenols in a sex-specific manner. Because of the substantial polyphenolic profile of berries, berry consumption represents a promising interventional tool in the treatment and prevention of CVD in both sexes, but the mechanisms in which they function within each sex may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Clark JL, Taylor CG, Zahradka P. Black beans and red kidney beans induce positive postprandial vascular responses in healthy adults: A pilot randomized cross-over study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:216-226. [PMID: 32917495 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Consuming pulses (dry beans, dry peas, chickpeas, lentils) over several weeks can improve vascular function and decrease cardiovascular disease risk; however, it is unknown whether pulses can modulate postprandial vascular responses. The objective of this study was to compare different bean varieties (black, navy, pinto, red kidney) and white rice for their acute postprandial effects on vascular and metabolic responses in healthy individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was designed as a single-blinded, randomized crossover trial with a minimum 6 days between consumption of the food articles. Vascular tone (primary endpoint), haemodynamics and serum biochemistry (secondary endpoints) were measured in 8 healthy adults before and at 1, 2, and 6 h after eating ¾ cup of beans or rice. Blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were lower at 2 h following red kidney bean and pinto bean consumption compared to rice and navy bean, respectively (p < 0.05). There was greater vasorelaxation 6 h following consumption of darker-coloured beans, as shown by decreased vascular tone: PWV was lower after consuming black bean compared to pinto bean, augmentation pressure was lower after consuming black bean compared to rice and pinto bean, and wave reflection magnitude was lower after consuming red kidney bean and black bean compared to rice, navy bean, and pinto bean (p < 0.05). LDL-cholesterol concentrations were lower 6 h after black bean consumption compared to rice (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, red kidney and black beans, the darker-coloured beans, elicited a positive effect on the tensile properties of blood vessels, and this acute response may provide insight for how pulses modify vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L Clark
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T5, Canada.
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T5, Canada.
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13
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Holt RR, Zuelch ML, Charoenwoodhipong P, Al-Dashti YA, Hackman RM, Keen CL. Effects of short-term consumption of strawberry powder on select parameters of vascular health in adolescent males. Food Funct 2020; 11:32-44. [PMID: 31942892 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States and much of the developed world, costing billions of dollars in lost work time, lower productivity and high health care expenditures. Research on foods and bioactive food components that have cardioprotective benefits may provide new insights as to how modest changes in one's diet may result in a reduced risk of vascular disease. In intervention trials, the consumption of strawberries, either fresh or freeze-dried, has been reported to improve select markers of cardiovascular health, including improved lipid profiles, microvascular function, and platelet reactivity. Consistent with the above, epidemiological studies suggest beneficial effects of strawberries on vascular function. Preliminary studies on the effects of freeze-dried strawberry powder on vascular health are reviewed in the current paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta R Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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14
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Martini D, Marino M, Angelino D, Del Bo' C, Del Rio D, Riso P, Porrini M. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:189-206. [PMID: 31365093 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function. DATA SOURCES Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. STUDY SELECTION Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods. DATA EXTRACTION After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Effects of strawberry intervention on cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:241-246. [PMID: 32238201 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452000121x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) to examine the effects of strawberry interventions on cardiovascular risk factors. We searched multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus to identify eligible studies published before 19 May 2019. The endpoints were blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TAG, fasting blood glucose, endothelial function and inflammatory factors. Pooled analyses were performed using random- or fixed-effects models according to a heterogeneity test. We also conducted sub-group analyses by baseline endpoint levels. We included eleven RCT in this meta-analysis (six for blood pressure, seven for lipid profile, seven for fasting blood glucose and six for C-reactive protein (CRP)). Overall, the strawberry interventions significantly reduced CRP levels by 0·63 (95 % CI -1·04, -0·22) mg/l but did not affect blood pressure, lipid profile or fasting blood glucose in the main analyses. Our analysis stratified by baseline endpoint levels showed the strawberry interventions significantly reduced TC among people with baseline levels >5 mmol/l (-0·52 (95 % CI -0·88, -0·15) mmol/l) and reduced LDL-cholesterol among people with baseline levels >3 mmol/l (-0·31 (95 % CI -0·60, -0·02) mmol/l). There was little evidence of heterogeneity in the analysis and no evidence of publication bias. In summary, strawberry interventions significantly reduced CRP levels and may improve TC and LDL-cholesterol in individuals with high baseline levels.
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16
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de Mejia EG, Zhang Q, Penta K, Eroglu A, Lila MA. The Colors of Health: Chemistry, Bioactivity, and Market Demand for Colorful Foods and Natural Food Sources of Colorants. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:145-182. [PMID: 32126181 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing consumer demand for natural colors in foods. However, there is a limited number of available natural food sources for use by the food industry because of technical and regulatory limitations. Natural colors are less stable and have less vibrant hues compared to their synthetic color counterparts. Natural pigments also have known health benefits that are seldom leveraged by the food industry. Betalains, carotenoids, phycocyanins, and anthocyanins are major food colorants used in the food industry that have documented biological effects, particularly in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The color industry needs new sources of stable, functional, and safe natural food colorants. New opportunities include sourcing new colors from microbial sources and via the use of genetic biotechnology. In all cases, there is an imperative need for toxicological evaluation to pave the way for their regulatory approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA;
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kayla Penta
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry and Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA
| | - Abdulkerim Eroglu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry and Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences and Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA
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17
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Cianciosi D, Simal-Gándara J, Forbes-Hernández TY. The importance of berries in the human diet. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-190366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Ourense, Spain
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18
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Al-Dashti YA, Holt RR, Carson JG, Keen CL, Hackman RM. Effects of Short-Term Dried Plum (Prune) Intake on Markers of Bone Resorption and Vascular Function in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Med Food 2019; 22:982-992. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef A. Al-Dashti
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Roberta R. Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - John G. Carson
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - Carl L. Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Robert M. Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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19
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Petersen C, Wankhade UD, Bharat D, Wong K, Mueller JE, Chintapalli SV, Piccolo BD, Jalili T, Jia Z, Symons JD, Shankar K, Anandh Babu PV. Dietary supplementation with strawberry induces marked changes in the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome in diabetic mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 66:63-69. [PMID: 30771735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota contributes to the biological activities of berry anthocyanins by transforming them into bioactive metabolites, and anthocyanins support the growth of specific bacteria, indicating a two-way relationship between anthocyanins and microbiota. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that strawberry supplementation alters gut microbial ecology in diabetic db/db mice. Control (db/+) and diabetic (db/db) mice (7 weeks old) consumed standard diet or diet supplemented with 2.35% freeze-dried strawberry (db/db + SB) for 10 weeks. Colon contents were used to isolate bacterial DNA. V4 variable region of 16S rRNA gene was amplified. Data analyses were performed using standardized pipelines (QIIME 1.9 and R packages). Differences in predictive metagenomics function were identified by PICRUSt. Principal coordinate analyses confirmed that the microbial composition was significantly influenced by both host genotype and strawberry consumption. Further, α-diversity indices and β-diversity were different at the phylum and genus levels, and genus and operational taxonomical units levels, respectively (P<.05). At the phylum level, strawberry supplementation decreased the abundance of Verrucomicrobia in db/db + SB vs. db/db mice (P<.05). At the genus level, db/db mice exhibited a decrease in the abundance of Bifidobacterium, and strawberry supplementation increased Bifidobacterium in db/db + SB vs. db/db mice (P<.05). PICRUSt revealed significant differences in 45 predicted metabolic functions among the 3 groups. Our study provides evidence for marked changes in the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome with strawberry supplementation in diabetic mice. Importantly, strawberry supplementation increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium which play a pivotal role in the metabolism of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissa Petersen
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Umesh D Wankhade
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Divya Bharat
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kiana Wong
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer Ellen Mueller
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Brian D Piccolo
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Thunder Jalili
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - J David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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20
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Van De Maele K, Devlieger R, Gies I. In utero programming and early detection of cardiovascular disease in the offspring of mothers with obesity. Atherosclerosis 2018; 275:182-195. [PMID: 29929107 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The offspring of women with obesity during their pregnancy are exposed to an altered intra-uterine environment. A subsequent influence on the cardiovascular development during fetal life is assumed. In the present thematic review, we report on the current knowledge about this early development of cardiovascular disease from fetal life until adolescence. Based on animal studies, different contributing mechanisms have been hypothesized that still need confirmation in human subjects. Insulin resistance, increased levels of leptin, chronic inflammatory state, perturbation of sympathetic tone and epigenetic modifications contribute to a suboptimal nutrient environment and changed hemodynamics. The ensuing aberrant cardiomyocyte development, impaired endothelial cell relaxation and atherogenic lipid profile put these children at risk for the development of endothelial cell dysfunction. Increasing possibilities for early detection of this preliminary stage of atherosclerotic disease offer new insights into future prevention and treatment strategies. Future research should focus on further unraveling the effect of moderate intense, aerobic exercise. Since it is used to treat the condition in children and adolescents with good results, it might be a contributor to tackling endothelial cell dysfunction at its cradle when applied in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Van De Maele
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Jette, Belgium; Research unit Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Research unit GRON, Free University of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium.
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Research unit Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Gies
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Jette, Belgium; Research unit GRON, Free University of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
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21
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Al-Dashti YA, Holt RR, Stebbins CL, Keen CL, Hackman RM. Dietary Flavanols: A Review of Select Effects on Vascular Function, Blood Pressure, and Exercise Performance. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:553-567. [PMID: 29718795 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1451788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An individual's diet affects numerous physiological functions and can play an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that dietary flavanols can be an important modulator of vascular risk. Diets and plant extracts rich in flavanols have been reported to lower blood pressure, especially in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals. Flavanols may act in part through signaling pathways that affect vascular function, nitric oxide availability, and the release of endothelial-derived relaxing and constricting factors. During exercise, flavanols have been reported to modulate metabolism and respiration (e.g., maximal oxygen uptake, O2 cost of exercise, and energy expenditure), and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, resulting in increased skeletal muscle efficiency and endurance capacity. Flavanol-induced reductions in blood pressure during exercise may decrease the work of the heart. Collectively, these effects suggest that flavanols can act as an ergogenic aid to help delay the onset of fatigue. More research is needed to better clarify the effects of flavanols on vascular function, blood pressure regulation, and exercise performance and establish safe and effective levels of intake. Flavanol-rich foods and food products can be useful components of a healthy diet and lifestyle program for those seeking to better control their blood pressure or to enhance their physical activity. Key teaching points • Epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that dietary flavanols can reduce the risk of vascular disease. • Diets and plant extracts rich in flavanols have been reported to lower blood pressure and improve exercise performance in humans. • Mechanisms by which flavanols may reduce blood pressure function include alterations in signaling pathways that affect vascular function, nitric oxide availability, and the release of endothelial-derived relaxation and constriction factors. • Mechanisms by which flavanols may enhance exercise performance include modulation of metabolism and respiration (e.g., maximal oxygen uptake, O2 cost of exercise, and energy expenditure) and reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. These effects can result in increased skeletal muscle efficiency and endurance capacity. • Further research is needed to clarify the amount, timing, and frequency of flavanol intake for blood pressure regulation and exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef A Al-Dashti
- a Department of Nutrition , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA
| | - Roberta R Holt
- a Department of Nutrition , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA
| | - Charles L Stebbins
- b Department of Internal Medicine , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA
| | - Carl L Keen
- a Department of Nutrition , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA.,b Department of Internal Medicine , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA
| | - Robert M Hackman
- a Department of Nutrition , University of California, Davis , Davis , California , USA
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22
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Circulating metabolites of strawberry mediate reductions in vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice. Int J Cardiol 2018; 263:111-117. [PMID: 29681407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is 2-4-fold more prevalent in patients with diabetes. Human studies support the cardiovascular benefits of strawberry consumption but the effects of strawberry on diabetic vasculature are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that dietary strawberry supplementation attenuates vascular inflammation and dysfunction in diabetic mice. METHODS Seven-week-old diabetic db/db mice that consumed standard diet (db/db) or diet supplemented with 2.35% freeze-dried strawberry (db/db + SB) for ten weeks were compared to non-diabetic control mice (db/+). Indices of vascular inflammation and dysfunction were measured. Endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from the vasculature to determine the influence of strawberry on them. The effect of metabolites of strawberry on endothelial inflammation was determined by incubating mouse aortic ECs (MAECs) with ±5% serum, obtained from strawberry fed mice (metabolites serum) or standard diet fed mice (control serum) ± 25 mM glucose and 100 μM palmitate. RESULTS db/db mice exhibited an increased monocyte binding to vessel, elevated blood pressure, and reduced endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation compared with db/+ mice but each defect was attenuated in db/db + SB mice. The elevation of inflammatory molecules, NOX2 and inhibitor-κB kinase observed in ECs from db/db vs. db/+ mice was suppressed in db/db + SB mice. Glucose and palmitate increased endothelial inflammation in MAECs but were normalized by co-incubation with metabolites serum. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation of strawberry attenuates indices of vascular inflammation and dysfunction in diabetic db/db mice. The effect of strawberry on vasculature is endothelial-dependent and possibly mediated through their circulating metabolites. Strawberry might complement conventional therapies to improve vascular complications in diabetics.
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Striegel L, Chebib S, Netzel ME, Rychlik M. Improved Stable Isotope Dilution Assay for Dietary Folates Using LC-MS/MS and Its Application to Strawberries. Front Chem 2018; 6:11. [PMID: 29468149 PMCID: PMC5808173 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Folates play an important role in the human body and a deficiency of this vitamin can cause several diseases. Therefore, a reliable analytical method is crucial for the determination of folate vitamers in strawberries and other dietary folate sources. A stable isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method for analyzing folates in food was developed and validated. The folate vitamers Pteroylmonoglutamic acid, tetrahydrofolate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, and 5-formyltetrahydrofolate were quantified using 13C-labeled internal standards. Validation of the assay was accomplished by determining linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection, and limit of quantification and revealed to be a precise, sensitive, and accurate method to determine folate vitamers. Strawberries are worldwide consumed and known to be a good dietary source of nutritive compounds. Using this method, folate concentrations in selected commercial strawberry cultivars and experimental breeding lines grown in Germany and Australia were investigated. Total folates varied from 59 to 153 μg/100 g on fresh weight basis. Furthermore, folate content after lyophilizing or freezing did not show any significant differences compared to fresh strawberries. However, significant losses of total folates in pureed strawberries could be observed after 5 days of storage with only 16% of the original concentration retained. In summary, some of the investigated strawberry cultivars/breeding lines can be considered as rich dietary sources of natural folates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Striegel
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Soraya Chebib
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Michael E Netzel
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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