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Liao J, Yang Y, Han Z, Mo L. The Critical Trigger for Cognitive Penetration: Cognitive Processing Priority over Perceptual Processing. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:632. [PMID: 39199028 PMCID: PMC11352004 DOI: 10.3390/bs14080632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The visual perception system of humans is susceptible to cognitive influence, which implies the existence of cognitive perception. However, the specifical trigger for cognitive penetration is still a matter of controversy. The current study proposed that the cognitive processing priority over perceptual processing might be critical for inducing cognitive penetration. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating the processing priority between cognition and perception across three experiments where participants were asked to complete a size-judging task under different competing conditions between cognition and perception. To sum up, we proved that the cognitive processing priority over perceptual processing is critical for cognitive penetration. This study provided empirical evidence for the critical trigger for cognitive penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Liao
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yidong Yang
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences Marc Jeannerod CNRS, UMR 5229, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Zhili Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
- School of International Studies, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Lei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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2
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Xiao X, Tan J, Liu X, Zheng M. The dual effect of background music on creativity: perspectives of music preference and cognitive interference. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1247133. [PMID: 37868605 PMCID: PMC10588669 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1247133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Music, an influential environmental factor, significantly shapes cognitive processing and everyday experiences, thus rendering its effects on creativity a dynamic topic within the field of cognitive science. However, debates continue about whether music bolsters, obstructs, or exerts a dual influence on individual creativity. Among the points of contention is the impact of contrasting musical emotions-both positive and negative-on creative tasks. In this study, we focused on traditional Chinese music, drawn from a culture known for its 'preference for sadness,' as our selected emotional stimulus and background music. This choice, underrepresented in previous research, was based on its uniqueness. We examined the effects of differing music genres (including vocal and instrumental), each characterized by a distinct emotional valence (positive or negative), on performance in the Alternative Uses Task (AUT). To conduct this study, we utilized an affective arousal paradigm, with a quiet background serving as a neutral control setting. A total of 114 participants were randomly assigned to three distinct groups after completing a music preference questionnaire: instrumental, vocal, and silent. Our findings showed that when compared to a quiet environment, both instrumental and vocal music as background stimuli significantly affected AUT performance. Notably, music with a negative emotional charge bolstered individual originality in creative performance. These results lend support to the dual role of background music in creativity, with instrumental music appearing to enhance creativity through factors such as emotional arousal, cognitive interference, music preference, and psychological restoration. This study challenges conventional understanding that only positive background music boosts creativity and provides empirical validation for the two-path model (positive and negative) of emotional influence on creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Xiao
- China Institute of Music Mental Health, Chongqing, China
- School of Music, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junying Tan
- Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- China Institute of Music Mental Health, Chongqing, China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoping Zheng
- China Institute of Music Mental Health, Chongqing, China
- School of Music, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Gier NR, Krampe C, Kenning P. Why it is good to communicate the bad: understanding the influence of message framing in persuasive communication on consumer decision-making processes. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1085810. [PMID: 37731668 PMCID: PMC10508293 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1085810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction One approach to bridging the gap between consumer intentions and behavior is persuasive communication to reinforce their intentions and thereby support their behavior change. Message framing has proven to be a useful, persuasive communication tool. However, message framing is considered more complicated than other types of framing because, in addition to concept-specific elements, it is also strongly influenced by and, in turn, influences emotions. Therefore, it is almost impossible for consumers to verbally express their attitudes, so the challenge is to explain and measure its impact. This research aims to help in this regard by suggesting a theoretical model to understand how message framing is processed from a consumer neuroscience perspective. More precisely, the factors that constitute message framing are systematized and built on a reflective-impulsive model and a neural emotion-cognition framework interpreted to explain the persuasive effects of message framing. Method A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment is used to examine the effects of message framing for four different frame types that are hypothesized to affect consumer information processing differently. Result The results suggest that communication strategies should take into account the valence of the objects and the frame used. The behavioral results partially confirm the assumption that two types of information processing could take place, as suggested by the reflective-impulsive model. At the neural level, using the network perspective, the results show that certain brain regions primarily associated with emotional and cognitive interaction processes are active during processing, depending on the framing of the message. Discussion In cases of indirect avoidance value-consistent framing, it may be good to communicate the bad in the appropriate frame to influence information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine R. Gier
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Caspar Krampe
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Marketing and Consumer Behaviour Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Kenning
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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4
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Brazil IA. Social-affective functioning and learning in psychopathy. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 197:75-86. [PMID: 37633720 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821375-9.00014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Psychopathy is a personality construct for which impairments in multiple aspects of social and affective functioning are considered to be central. Individuals with elevated levels of psychopathic traits tend to exhibit maladaptive behaviors that are harmful to themselves and others, and seem to be limited in how they perceive and experience affective states. This chapter provides a brief overview of biopsychological theories and studies of psychopathy targeting impairments in affective processing and behavioral adaptation through learning. Also, current gaps in the literature will be discussed in addition to findings highlighting the need to routinely reexamine the validity and robustness of decades-old views on psychopathy in the light of recent multidisciplinary empirical research. The chapter ends with a short reflection on how alternative views may offer novel insights that may bring significant advances in the study of the biopsychological factors underlying psychopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inti A Brazil
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Mindfulness-Enhanced Computerized Cognitive Training for Depression: An Integrative Review and Proposed Model Targeting the Cognitive Control and Default-Mode Networks. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050663. [PMID: 35625049 PMCID: PMC9140161 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is often associated with co-occurring neurocognitive deficits in executive function (EF), processing speed (PS) and emotion regulation (ER), which impact treatment response. Cognitive training targeting these capacities results in improved cognitive function and mood, demonstrating the relationship between cognition and affect, and shedding light on novel targets for cognitive-focused interventions. Computerized cognitive training (CCT) is one such new intervention, with evidence suggesting it may be effective as an adjunct treatment for depression. Parallel research suggests that mindfulness training improves depression via enhanced ER and augmentation of self-referential processes. CCT and mindfulness training both act on anti-correlated neural networks involved in EF and ER that are often dysregulated in depression—the cognitive control network (CCN) and default-mode network (DMN). After practicing CCT or mindfulness, downregulation of DMN activity and upregulation of CCN activity have been observed, associated with improvements in depression and cognition. As CCT is posited to improve depression via enhanced cognitive function and mindfulness via enhanced ER ability, the combination of both forms of training into mindfulness-enhanced CCT (MCCT) may act to improve depression more rapidly. MCCT is a biologically plausible adjunct intervention and theoretical model with the potential to further elucidate and target the causal mechanisms implicated in depressive symptomatology. As the combination of CCT and mindfulness has not yet been fully explored, this is an intriguing new frontier. The aims of this integrative review article are four-fold: (1) to briefly review the current evidence supporting the efficacy of CCT and mindfulness in improving depression; (2) to discuss the interrelated neural networks involved in depression, CCT and mindfulness; (3) to present a theoretical model demonstrating how MCCT may act to target these neural mechanisms; (4) to propose and discuss future directions for MCCT research for depression.
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6
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A novel ADHD classification method based on resting state temporal templates (RSTT) using spatiotemporal attention auto-encoder. Neural Comput Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Saarimäki H, Glerean E, Smirnov D, Mynttinen H, Jääskeläinen IP, Sams M, Nummenmaa L. Classification of emotion categories based on functional connectivity patterns of the human brain. Neuroimage 2021; 247:118800. [PMID: 34896586 PMCID: PMC8803541 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurophysiological and psychological models posit that emotions depend on connections across wide-spread corticolimbic circuits. While previous studies using pattern recognition on neuroimaging data have shown differences between various discrete emotions in brain activity patterns, less is known about the differences in functional connectivity. Thus, we employed multivariate pattern analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging data (i) to develop a pipeline for applying pattern recognition in functional connectivity data, and (ii) to test whether connectivity patterns differ across emotion categories. Six emotions (anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness, and surprise) and a neutral state were induced in 16 participants using one-minute-long emotional narratives with natural prosody while brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We computed emotion-wise connectivity matrices both for whole-brain connections and for 10 previously defined functionally connected brain subnetworks and trained an across-participant classifier to categorize the emotional states based on whole-brain data and for each subnetwork separately. The whole-brain classifier performed above chance level with all emotions except sadness, suggesting that different emotions are characterized by differences in large-scale connectivity patterns. When focusing on the connectivity within the 10 subnetworks, classification was successful within the default mode system and for all emotions. We thus show preliminary evidence for consistently different sustained functional connectivity patterns for instances of emotion categories particularly within the default mode system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Saarimäki
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Enrico Glerean
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Turku PET Centre and Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Computer Science, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Smirnov
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Henri Mynttinen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Iiro P Jääskeläinen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikko Sams
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Department of Computer Science, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre and Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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8
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Zhao L, Zhang T, Guo L, Liu T, Jiang X. Gyral-sulcal contrast in intrinsic functional brain networks across task performances. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1483-1498. [PMID: 32700255 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional mechanism of the brain and its relationship with the brain structural substrate have been an interest for multiple disciplines for centuries. Recently, gyri and sulci, two basic cortical folding patterns, have been demonstrated to act different functional roles. Specifically, a variety of functional MRI (fMRI) studies have consistently suggested that gyri represent a global functional center while sulci serve as a local functional unit under either resting state or task stimulus, which are further supported by brain structural analysis reporting that gyri have thicker cortex and denser long-distance axonal fibers. However, the consistency of such gyral-sulcal functional difference across different task stimuli, as well as its association with task conditions, remains to be explored. To this end, we used intrinsic networks as the testbed for cross-task comparison, and adopted a computational framework of dictionary learning and sparse representation of whole-brain fMRI signals to systematically examine the potential gyral-sulcal difference in signal representation residual (SRR) which reflected the degree of global functional communication. Using all seven task-based fMRI datasets in Human Connectome Project Q1 release, we found that within the intrinsic functional networks, the fMRI SRR was significantly smaller on gyral regions than on sulcal regions across different task stimuli, indicating that gyral regions were more involved in global functions of the brain and interregional communications. Moreover, the magnitudes of such gyral-sulcal difference varied across task conditions and intrinsic networks. Our work adds novel explanation and insight to the existing knowledge of functional differences between gyri and sulci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Jiménez-Ortega L, Badaya E, Casado P, Fondevila S, Hernández-Gutiérrez D, Muñoz F, Sánchez-García J, Martín-Loeches M. The Automatic but Flexible and Content-Dependent Nature of Syntax. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:651158. [PMID: 34177488 PMCID: PMC8226263 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.651158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Syntactic processing has often been considered an utmost example of unconscious automatic processing. In this line, it has been demonstrated that masked words containing syntactic anomalies are processed by our brain triggering event related potential (ERP) components similar to the ones triggered by conscious syntactic anomalies, thus supporting the automatic nature of the syntactic processing. Conversely, recent evidence also points out that regardless of the level of awareness, emotional information and other relevant extralinguistic information modulate conscious syntactic processing too. These results are also in line with suggestions that, under certain circumstances, syntactic processing could also be flexible and context-dependent. However, the study of the concomitant automatic but flexible conception of syntactic parsing is very scarce. Hence, to this aim, we examined whether and how masked emotional words (positive, negative, and neutral masked adjectives) containing morphosyntactic anomalies (half of the cases) affect linguistic comprehension of an ongoing unmasked sentence that also can contain a number agreement anomaly between the noun and the verb. ERP components were observed to emotional information (EPN), masked anomalies (LAN and a weak P600), and unmasked ones (LAN/N400 and P600). Furthermore, interactions in the processing of conscious and unconscious morphosyntactic anomalies and between unconscious emotional information and conscious anomalies were detected. The findings support, on the one hand, the automatic nature of syntax, given that syntactic components LAN and P600 were observed to unconscious anomalies. On the other hand, the flexible, permeable, and context-dependent nature of the syntactic processing is also supported, since unconscious information modulated conscious syntactic components. This double nature of syntactic processing is in line with theories of automaticity, suggesting that even unconscious/automatic, syntactic processing is flexible, adaptable, and context-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jiménez-Ortega
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esperanza Badaya
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pilar Casado
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabela Fondevila
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Muñoz
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-García
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Loeches
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Yousefi Heris A. Emotions and two senses of simulation. PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2021.1914831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yousefi Heris
- Department of Philosophy, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- School of Cognitive Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
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11
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Adelhöfer N, Schreiter ML, Beste C. Cardiac cycle gated cognitive-emotional control in superior frontal cortices. Neuroimage 2020; 222:117275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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12
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Sa de Almeida J, Meskaldji DE, Loukas S, Lordier L, Gui L, Lazeyras F, Hüppi PS. Preterm birth leads to impaired rich-club organization and fronto-paralimbic/limbic structural connectivity in newborns. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117440. [PMID: 33039621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prematurity disrupts brain development during a critical period of brain growth and organization and is known to be associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments. Investigating whole-brain structural connectivity alterations accompanying preterm birth may provide a better comprehension of the neurobiological mechanisms related to the later neurocognitive deficits observed in this population. Using a connectome approach, we aimed to study the impact of prematurity on neonatal whole-brain structural network organization at term-equivalent age. In this cohort study, twenty-four very preterm infants at term-equivalent age (VPT-TEA) and fourteen full-term (FT) newborns underwent a brain MRI exam at term age, comprising T2-weighted imaging and diffusion MRI, used to reconstruct brain connectomes by applying probabilistic constrained spherical deconvolution whole-brain tractography. The topological properties of brain networks were quantified through a graph-theoretical approach. Furthermore, edge-wise connectivity strength was compared between groups. Overall, VPT-TEA infants' brain networks evidenced increased segregation and decreased integration capacity, revealed by an increased clustering coefficient, increased modularity, increased characteristic path length, decreased global efficiency and diminished rich-club coefficient. Furthermore, in comparison to FT, VPT-TEA infants had decreased connectivity strength in various cortico-cortical, cortico-subcortical and intra-subcortical networks, the majority of them being intra-hemispheric fronto-paralimbic and fronto-limbic. Inter-hemispheric connectivity was also decreased in VPT-TEA infants, namely through connections linking to the left precuneus or left dorsal cingulate gyrus - two regions that were found to be hubs in FT but not in VPT-TEA infants. Moreover, posterior regions from Default-Mode-Network (DMN), namely precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus, had decreased structural connectivity in VPT-TEA group. Our finding that VPT-TEA infants' brain networks displayed increased modularity, weakened rich-club connectivity and diminished global efficiency compared to FT infants suggests a delayed transition from a local architecture, focused on short-range connections, to a more distributed architecture with efficient long-range connections in those infants. The disruption of connectivity in fronto-paralimbic/limbic and posterior DMN regions might underlie the behavioral and social cognition difficulties previously reported in the preterm population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sa de Almeida
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Djalel-Eddine Meskaldji
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Mathematics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serafeim Loukas
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lara Lordier
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Gui
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Center of BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Center of BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra S Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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13
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Dong Q, Ge F, Ning Q, Zhao Y, Lv J, Huang H, Yuan J, Jiang X, Shen D, Liu T. Modeling Hierarchical Brain Networks via Volumetric Sparse Deep Belief Network. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:1739-1748. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2945231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Qiang N, Dong Q, Ge F, Liang H, Ge B, Zhang S, Sun Y, Gao J, Liu T. Deep Variational Autoencoder for Mapping Functional Brain Networks. IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/tcds.2020.3025137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Cui Y, Zhao S, Wang H, Xie L, Chen Y, Han J, Guo L, Zhou F, Liu T. Identifying Brain Networks at Multiple Time Scales via Deep Recurrent Neural Network. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2019; 23:2515-2525. [PMID: 30475739 PMCID: PMC6914656 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2018.2882885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For decades, task functional magnetic resonance imaging has been a powerful noninvasive tool to explore the organizational architecture of human brain function. Researchers have developed a variety of brain network analysis methods for task fMRI data, including the general linear model, independent component analysis, and sparse representation methods. However, these shallow models are limited in faithful reconstruction and modeling of the hierarchical and temporal structures of brain networks, as demonstrated in more and more studies. Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) exhibit great ability of modeling hierarchical and temporal dependence features in the machine learning field, which might be suitable for task fMRI data modeling. To explore such possible advantages of RNNs for task fMRI data, we propose a novel framework of a deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) to model the functional brain networks from task fMRI data. Experimental results on the motor task fMRI data of Human Connectome Project 900 subjects release demonstrated that the proposed DRNN can not only faithfully reconstruct functional brain networks, but also identify more meaningful brain networks with multiple time scales which are overlooked by traditional shallow models. In general, this work provides an effective and powerful approach to identifying functional brain networks at multiple time scales from task fMRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Li Xie
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, and the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yaowu Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Network Multimedia Technologies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, and the Zhejiang University Embedded System Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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16
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Scholtens LH, Feldman Barrett L, van den Heuvel MP. Cross-Species Evidence of Interplay Between Neural Connectivity at the Micro- and Macroscale of Connectome Organization in Human, Mouse, and Rat Brain. Brain Connect 2019; 8:595-603. [PMID: 30479137 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2018.0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian brain describes a multiscale system. At the microscale, axonal, dendritic, and synaptic elements ensure neuron-to-neuron communication, and at the macroscale, large-scale projections form the anatomical wiring for communication between cortical areas. Although it is clear that both levels of neural organization play a crucial role in brain functioning, their interaction is not extensively studied. Connectome studies of the mammalian brain in cat, macaque, and human have recently shown that regions with larger and more complex pyramidal cells to have more macroscale corticocortical connections. In this study, we aimed to further validate these cross-scale findings in the human, mouse, and rat brain. We combined neuron reconstructions from the NeuroMorpho.org neuroarchitecture database with macroscale connectivity data derived from connectome mapping by means of tract-tracing (rat, mouse) and in vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (human). Across these three mammalian species, we show cortical variation in neural organization to be associated with features of macroscale connectivity, with cortical variation in neuronal complexity explaining significant proportions of cortical variation in the number of white matter projections of cortical areas. Our findings converge on the notion of a relationship between features of micro- and macroscale neural connectivity to form a central aspect of mammalian neural architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne H Scholtens
- 1 Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Feldman Barrett
- 2 Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Department of Psychiatry and the Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Martijn P van den Heuvel
- 1 Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,4 Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Cowen A, Sauter D, Tracy JL, Keltner D. Mapping the Passions: Toward a High-Dimensional Taxonomy of Emotional Experience and Expression. Psychol Sci Public Interest 2019; 20:69-90. [PMID: 31313637 PMCID: PMC6675572 DOI: 10.1177/1529100619850176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
What would a comprehensive atlas of human emotions include? For 50 years, scientists have sought to map emotion-related experience, expression, physiology, and recognition in terms of the "basic six"-anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. Claims about the relationships between these six emotions and prototypical facial configurations have provided the basis for a long-standing debate over the diagnostic value of expression (for review and latest installment in this debate, see Barrett et al., p. 1). Building on recent empirical findings and methodologies, we offer an alternative conceptual and methodological approach that reveals a richer taxonomy of emotion. Dozens of distinct varieties of emotion are reliably distinguished by language, evoked in distinct circumstances, and perceived in distinct expressions of the face, body, and voice. Traditional models-both the basic six and affective-circumplex model (valence and arousal)-capture a fraction of the systematic variability in emotional response. In contrast, emotion-related responses (e.g., the smile of embarrassment, triumphant postures, sympathetic vocalizations, blends of distinct expressions) can be explained by richer models of emotion. Given these developments, we discuss why tests of a basic-six model of emotion are not tests of the diagnostic value of facial expression more generally. Determining the full extent of what facial expressions can tell us, marginally and in conjunction with other behavioral and contextual cues, will require mapping the high-dimensional, continuous space of facial, bodily, and vocal signals onto richly multifaceted experiences using large-scale statistical modeling and machine-learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cowen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Disa Sauter
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam
| | | | - Dacher Keltner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
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18
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Abstract
Many existing studies for the mapping of function brain networks impose an implicit assumption that the networks' spatial distributions are constant over time. However, the latest research reports reveal that functional brain networks are dynamical and have time-varying spatial patterns. Furthermore, how these functional networks evolve over time has not been elaborated and explained in sufficient details yet. In this paper, we aim to discover and characterize the dynamics of functional brain networks via a windowed group-wise dictionary learning and sparse coding approach. First, we aggregated the sampled subjects' fMRI signals into one big data matrix, and learned a common dictionary for all individuals via a group-wise dictionary learning step. Second, we obtained the dynamic time-varying functional networks by using the windowed time-varying sparse coding approach. Experimental results demonstrated that our windowed group-wise dictionary learning and sparse coding method can effectively detect the task-evoked networks and also characterize how these networks evolve over time. This work sheds novel insights on the dynamics mechanism of functional brain networks.
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19
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Wang B, Zhan Q, Yan T, Imtiaz S, Xiang J, Niu Y, Liu M, Wang G, Cao R, Li D. Hemisphere and Gender Differences in the Rich-Club Organization of Structural Networks. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:4889-4901. [PMID: 30810159 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractStructural and functional differences in brain hemispheric asymmetry have been well documented between female and male adults. However, potential differences in the connectivity patterns of the rich-club organization of hemispheric structural networks in females and males remain to be determined. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging was used to construct hemispheric structural networks in healthy subjects, and graph theoretical analysis approaches were applied to quantify hemisphere and gender differences in rich-club organization. The results showed that rich-club organization was consistently observed in both hemispheres of female and male adults. Moreover, a reduced level of connectivity was found in the left hemisphere. Notably, rightward asymmetries were mainly observed in feeder and local connections among one hub region and peripheral regions, many of which are implicated in visual processing and spatial attention functions. Additionally, significant gender differences were revealed in the rich-club, feeder, and local connections in rich-club organization. These gender-related hub and peripheral regions are involved in emotional, sensory, and cognitive control functions. The topological changes in rich-club organization provide novel insight into the hemisphere and gender effects on white matter connections and underlie a potential network mechanism of hemisphere- and gender-based differences in visual processing, spatial attention and cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pathology and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research on Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qionghui Zhan
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Department of Pathology and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research on Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Sumaira Imtiaz
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Niu
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Gongshu Wang
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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20
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Zhang W, Lv J, Li X, Zhu D, Jiang X, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Guo L, Ye J, Hu D, Liu T. Experimental Comparisons of Sparse Dictionary Learning and Independent Component Analysis for Brain Network Inference From fMRI Data. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:289-299. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2831186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Wu F, Tu Z, Sun J, Geng H, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Li H, Kong L. Abnormal Functional and Structural Connectivity of Amygdala-Prefrontal Circuit in First-Episode Adolescent Depression: A Combined fMRI and DTI Study. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:983. [PMID: 32116814 PMCID: PMC7013238 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities of functional and structural connectivity in the amygdala-prefrontal circuit which involved with emotion processing have been implicated in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Adolescent MDD may have severer dysfunction of emotion processing than adult MDD. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine the potential functional and structural connectivity abnormalities within amygdala-prefrontal circuit in first-episode medication-naïve adolescents with MDD. METHODS Rs-fMRI and DTI data were acquired from 36 first-episode medication-naïve MDD adolescents and 37 healthy controls (HC). Functional connectivity between amygdala and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) which connecting amygdala and PFC were compared between the MDD and HC groups. The correlation between the FA value of UF and the strength of the functional connectivity in the PFC showing significant differences between the two groups was identified. RESULTS Compared with the HC group, decreased functional connectivity between left amygdala and left ventral PFC was detected in the adolescent MDD group. FA values were significant lower in the left UF within the adolescent MDD group compared to the HC group. There was no significant correlation between the UF and FA, and the strength of functional connectivity within the adolescent MDD group. CONCLUSIONS First-episode medication-naïve adolescent MDD showed decreased functional and structural connectivity in the amygdala-prefrontal circuit. These findings suggest that both functional and structural abnormalities of the amygdala-prefrontal circuit may present in the early onset of adolescent MDD and play an important role in the neuropathophysiology of adolescent MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaze Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyang Geng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yifang Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huizi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Fox E. Perspectives from affective science on understanding the nature of emotion. Brain Neurosci Adv 2018; 2:2398212818812628. [PMID: 32166161 PMCID: PMC7058241 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818812628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotions are at the heart of how we understand the human mind and of our relationships within the social world. Yet, there is still no scientific consensus on the fundamental nature of emotion. A central quest within the discipline of affective science is to develop an in-depth understanding of emotions, moods, and feelings and how they are embodied within the brain (affective neuroscience). This article provides a brief overview of the scientific study of emotion with a particular emphasis on psychological and neuroscientific perspectives. Following a selective snapshot of past and present research in this field, some current challenges and controversies in affective science are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Fox
- Elaine Fox, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, 49 Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6AE, UK.
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23
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Jiang X, Zhao L, Liu H, Guo L, Kendrick KM, Liu T. A Cortical Folding Pattern-Guided Model of Intrinsic Functional Brain Networks in Emotion Processing. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:575. [PMID: 30186102 PMCID: PMC6110906 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been increasing studies demonstrating that emotion processing in humans is realized by the interaction within or among the large-scale intrinsic functional brain networks. Identifying those meaningful intrinsic functional networks based on task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (task fMRI) with specific emotional stimuli and responses, and exploring the underlying functional working mechanisms of interregional neural communication within the intrinsic functional networks are thus of great importance to understand the neural basis of emotion processing. In this paper, we propose a novel cortical folding pattern-guided model of intrinsic networks in emotion processing: gyri serve as global functional connection centers that perform interregional neural communication among distinct regions via long distance dense axonal fibers, and sulci serve as local functional units that directly communicate with neighboring gyri via short distance fibers and indirectly communicate with other distinct regions via the neighboring gyri. We test the proposed model by adopting a computational framework of dictionary learning and sparse representation of emotion task fMRI data of 68 subjects in the publicly released Human Connectome Project. The proposed model provides novel insights of functional mechanisms in emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keith M. Kendrick
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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24
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Zhang S, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Shen D, Liu T. Joint representation of consistent structural and functional profiles for identification of common cortical landmarks. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 12:728-742. [PMID: 28597338 PMCID: PMC5722718 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In the brain mapping field, there have been significant interests in representation of structural/functional profiles to establish structural/functional landmark correspondences across individuals and populations. For example, from the structural perspective, our previous studies have identified hundreds of consistent DICCCOL (dense individualized and common connectivity-based cortical landmarks) landmarks across individuals and populations, each of which possess consistent DTI-derived fiber connection patterns. From the functional perspective, a large collection of well-characterized HAFNI (holistic atlases of functional networks and interactions) networks based on sparse representation of whole-brain fMRI signals have been identified in our prior studies. However, due to the remarkable variability of structural and functional architectures in the human brain, it is challenging for earlier studies to jointly represent the connectome-scale structural and functional profiles for establishing a common cortical architecture which can comprehensively encode both structural and functional characteristics across individuals. To address this challenge, we propose an effective computational framework to jointly represent the structural and functional profiles for identification of consistent and common cortical landmarks with both structural and functional correspondences across different brains based on DTI and fMRI data. Experimental results demonstrate that 55 structurally and functionally common cortical landmarks can be successfully identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Boyd GSRC 420, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Boyd GSRC 420, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Boyd GSRC 420, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Boyd GSRC 420, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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25
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Hu X, Huang H, Peng B, Han J, Liu N, Lv J, Guo L, Guo C, Liu T. Latent source mining in FMRI via restricted Boltzmann machine. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:2368-2380. [PMID: 29457314 PMCID: PMC6866484 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blind source separation (BSS) is commonly used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data analysis. Recently, BSS models based on restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), one of the building blocks of deep learning models, have been shown to improve brain network identification compared to conventional single matrix factorization models such as independent component analysis (ICA). These models, however, trained RBM on fMRI volumes, and are hence challenged by model complexity and limited training set. In this article, we propose to apply RBM to fMRI time courses instead of volumes for BSS. The proposed method not only interprets fMRI time courses explicitly to take advantages of deep learning models in latent feature learning but also substantially reduces model complexity and increases the scale of training set to improve training efficiency. Our experimental results based on Human Connectome Project (HCP) datasets demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method over ICA and the one that applied RBM to fMRI volumes in identifying task-related components, resulted in more accurate and specific representations of task-related activations. Moreover, our method separated out components representing intermixed effects between task events, which could reflect inherent interactions among functionally connected brain regions. Our study demonstrates the value of RBM in mining complex structures embedded in large-scale fMRI data and its potential as a building block for deeper models in fMRI data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Hu
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Heng Huang
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Bo Peng
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Junwei Han
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Nian Liu
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research CenterThe University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia
| | - Lei Guo
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Christine Guo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research CenterThe University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia
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26
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Zhao S, Han J, Jiang X, Huang H, Liu H, Lv J, Guo L, Liu T. Decoding Auditory Saliency from Brain Activity Patterns during Free Listening to Naturalistic Audio Excerpts. Neuroinformatics 2018; 16:309-324. [DOI: 10.1007/s12021-018-9358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Riedel MC, Yanes JA, Ray KL, Eickhoff SB, Fox PT, Sutherland MT, Laird AR. Dissociable meta-analytic brain networks contribute to coordinated emotional processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:2514-2531. [PMID: 29484767 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Meta-analytic techniques for mining the neuroimaging literature continue to exert an impact on our conceptualization of functional brain networks contributing to human emotion and cognition. Traditional theories regarding the neurobiological substrates contributing to affective processing are shifting from regional- towards more network-based heuristic frameworks. To elucidate differential brain network involvement linked to distinct aspects of emotion processing, we applied an emergent meta-analytic clustering approach to the extensive body of affective neuroimaging results archived in the BrainMap database. Specifically, we performed hierarchical clustering on the modeled activation maps from 1,747 experiments in the affective processing domain, resulting in five meta-analytic groupings of experiments demonstrating whole-brain recruitment. Behavioral inference analyses conducted for each of these groupings suggested dissociable networks supporting: (1) visual perception within primary and associative visual cortices, (2) auditory perception within primary auditory cortices, (3) attention to emotionally salient information within insular, anterior cingulate, and subcortical regions, (4) appraisal and prediction of emotional events within medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, and (5) induction of emotional responses within amygdala and fusiform gyri. These meta-analytic outcomes are consistent with a contemporary psychological model of affective processing in which emotionally salient information from perceived stimuli are integrated with previous experiences to engender a subjective affective response. This study highlights the utility of using emergent meta-analytic methods to inform and extend psychological theories and suggests that emotions are manifest as the eventual consequence of interactions between large-scale brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Riedel
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Julio A Yanes
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Kimberly L Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas.,State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
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28
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Event-related brain potential correlates of words' emotional valence irrespective of arousal and type of task. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:83-88. [PMID: 29391218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many Event-Related brain Potential (ERP) experiments have explored how the two main dimensions of emotion, arousal and valence, affect linguistic processing. However, the heterogeneity of experimental paradigms and materials has led to mixed results. In the present study, we aim to clarify words' emotional valence effects on ERP when arousal is controlled, and determine whether these effects may vary as a function of the type of task performed. For these purposes, we designed an ERP experiment with the valence of words manipulated, and arousal equated across valences. The participants performed two types of task: in one, they had to read aloud each word, written in black on a white background; in the other, they had to name the color of the ink in which each word was written. The results showed the main effects of valence irrespective of task, and no interaction between valence and task. The most marked effects of valence were in response to negative words, which elicited an Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) and a Late Positive Complex (LPC). Our results suggest that, when arousal is controlled, the cognitive information in negative words triggers a 'negativity bias', these being the only words able to elicit emotion-related ERP modulations. Moreover, these modulations are largely unaffected by the types of task explored here.
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29
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Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1116:111-130. [PMID: 29956199 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The study examined the efficacy of low-level laser therapy, a form of photobiomodulation, for the treatment of irritability associated with autistic spectrum disorder in children and adolescents aged 5-17 years. Twenty-one of the 40 participants received eight 5-min procedures administered to the base of the skull and temporal areas across a 4-week period (test, i.e., active treatment participants). All the participants were evaluated with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), with the global scale and five subscales (irritability/agitation, lethargy/social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech), and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale including a severity-of-illness scale (CGI-S) and a global improvement/change scale (CGI-C). The evaluation took place at baseline, week 2 (interim), week 4 (endpoint), and week 8 (post-procedure) of the study. The adjusted mean difference in the baseline to study endpoint change in the ABC irritability subscale score between test and placebo participants was -15.17 in favor of the test procedure group. ANCOVA analysis found this difference to be statistically significant (F = 99.34, p < 0.0001) compared to the baseline ABC irritability subscale score. The study found that low-level laser therapy could be an effective tool for reducing irritability and other symptoms and behaviors associated with the autistic spectrum disorder in children and adolescents, with positive changes maintained and augmented over time.
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30
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Ren Y, Lv J, Guo L, Fang J, Guo CC. Sparse coding reveals greater functional connectivity in female brains during naturalistic emotional experience. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190097. [PMID: 29272294 PMCID: PMC5741239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging is widely used to examine changes in brain function associated with age, gender or neuropsychiatric conditions. FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) studies employ either laboratory-designed tasks that engage the brain with abstracted and repeated stimuli, or resting state paradigms with little behavioral constraint. Recently, novel neuroimaging paradigms using naturalistic stimuli are gaining increasing attraction, as they offer an ecologically-valid condition to approximate brain function in real life. Wider application of naturalistic paradigms in exploring individual differences in brain function, however, awaits further advances in statistical methods for modeling dynamic and complex dataset. Here, we developed a novel data-driven strategy that employs group sparse representation to assess gender differences in brain responses during naturalistic emotional experience. Comparing to independent component analysis (ICA), sparse coding algorithm considers the intrinsic sparsity of neural coding and thus could be more suitable in modeling dynamic whole-brain fMRI signals. An online dictionary learning and sparse coding algorithm was applied to the aggregated fMRI signals from both groups, which was subsequently factorized into a common time series signal dictionary matrix and the associated weight coefficient matrix. Our results demonstrate that group sparse representation can effectively identify gender differences in functional brain network during natural viewing, with improved sensitivity and reliability over ICA-based method. Group sparse representation hence offers a superior data-driven strategy for examining brain function during naturalistic conditions, with great potential for clinical application in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Ren
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jinglei Lv
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Fang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christine Cong Guo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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31
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Zhao Y, Dong Q, Chen H, Iraji A, Li Y, Makkie M, Kou Z, Liu T. Constructing fine-granularity functional brain network atlases via deep convolutional autoencoder. Med Image Anal 2017; 42:200-211. [PMID: 28843214 PMCID: PMC5654647 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
State-of-the-art functional brain network reconstruction methods such as independent component analysis (ICA) or sparse coding of whole-brain fMRI data can effectively infer many thousands of volumetric brain network maps from a large number of human brains. However, due to the variability of individual brain networks and the large scale of such networks needed for statistically meaningful group-level analysis, it is still a challenging and open problem to derive group-wise common networks as network atlases. Inspired by the superior spatial pattern description ability of the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a novel deep 3D convolutional autoencoder (CAE) network is designed here to extract spatial brain network features effectively, based on which an Apache Spark enabled computational framework is developed for fast clustering of larger number of network maps into fine-granularity atlases. To evaluate this framework, 10 resting state networks (RSNs) were manually labeled from the sparsely decomposed networks of Human Connectome Project (HCP) fMRI data and 5275 network training samples were obtained, in total. Then the deep CAE models are trained by these functional networks' spatial maps, and the learned features are used to refine the original 10 RSNs into 17 network atlases that possess fine-granularity functional network patterns. Interestingly, it turned out that some manually mislabeled outliers in training networks can be corrected by the deep CAE derived features. More importantly, fine granularities of networks can be identified and they reveal unique network patterns specific to different brain task states. By further applying this method to a dataset of mild traumatic brain injury study, it shows that the technique can effectively identify abnormal small networks in brain injury patients in comparison with controls. In general, our work presents a promising deep learning and big data analysis solution for modeling functional connectomes, with fine granularities, based on fMRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Qinglin Dong
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hanbo Chen
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Armin Iraji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Yujie Li
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Milad Makkie
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Zhifeng Kou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
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32
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Ge B, Makkie M, Wang J, Zhao S, Jiang X, Li X, Lv J, Zhang S, Zhang W, Han J, Guo L, Liu T. Signal sampling for efficient sparse representation of resting state FMRI data. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 10:1206-1222. [PMID: 26646924 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As the size of brain imaging data such as fMRI grows explosively, it provides us with unprecedented and abundant information about the brain. How to reduce the size of fMRI data but not lose much information becomes a more and more pressing issue. Recent literature studies tried to deal with it by dictionary learning and sparse representation methods, however, their computation complexities are still high, which hampers the wider application of sparse representation method to large scale fMRI datasets. To effectively address this problem, this work proposes to represent resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signals of a whole brain via a statistical sampling based sparse representation. First we sampled the whole brain's signals via different sampling methods, then the sampled signals were aggregate into an input data matrix to learn a dictionary, finally this dictionary was used to sparsely represent the whole brain's signals and identify the resting state networks. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed signal sampling framework can speed-up by ten times in reconstructing concurrent brain networks without losing much information. The experiments on the 1000 Functional Connectomes Project further demonstrate its effectiveness and superiority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Ge
- School of Physics & Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Milad Makkie
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shijie Zhao
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shu Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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33
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Gong J, Liu X, Liu T, Zhou J, Sun G, Tian J. Dual Temporal and Spatial Sparse Representation for Inferring Group-Wise Brain Networks From Resting-State fMRI Dataset. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2017; 65:1035-1048. [PMID: 28796604 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2017.2737785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recently, sparse representation has been successfully used to identify brain networks from task-based fMRI dataset. However, when using the strategy to analyze resting-state fMRI dataset, it is still a challenge to automatically infer the group-wise brain networks under consideration of group commonalities and subject-specific characteristics. In the paper, a novel method based on dual temporal and spatial sparse representation (DTSSR) is proposed to meet this challenge. First, the brain functional networks with subject-specific characteristics are obtained via sparse representation with online dictionary learning for the fMRI time series (temporal domain) of each subject. Next, based on the current brain science knowledge, a simple mathematical model is proposed to describe the complex nonlinear dynamic coupling mechanism of the brain networks, with which the group-wise intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) can be inferred by sparse representation for these brain functional networks (spatial domain) of all subjects. Experiments on Leiden_2180 dataset show that most group-wise ICNs obtained by the proposed DTSSR are interpretable by current brain science knowledge and are consistent with previous literature reports. The robustness of DTSSR and the reproducibility of the results are demonstrated by experiments on three different datasets (Leiden_2180, Leiden_2200, and our own dataset). The present work also shed new light on exploring the coupling mechanism of brain networks from perspective of information science.
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34
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Liu H, Jiang X, Zhang T, Ren Y, Hu X, Guo L, Han J, Liu T. Elucidating functional differences between cortical gyri and sulci via sparse representation HCP grayordinate fMRI data. Brain Res 2017; 1672:81-90. [PMID: 28760438 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The highly convoluted cerebral cortex is characterized by two different topographic structures: convex gyri and concave sulci. Increasing studies have demonstrated that cortical gyri and sulci exhibit different structural connectivity patterns. Inspired by the intrinsic structural differences between gyri and sulci, in this paper, we present a data-driven framework based on sparse representation of fMRI data for functional network inferences, then examine the interactions within and across gyral and sulcal functional networks and finally elucidate possible functional differences using graph theory based properties. We apply the proposed framework to the high-resolution Human Connectome Project (HCP) grayordinate fMRI data. Extensive experimental results on both resting state fMRI data and task-based fMRI data consistently suggested that gyri are more functionally integrated, while sulci are more functionally segregated in the organizational architecture of cerebral cortex, offering novel understanding of the byzantine cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yudan Ren
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xintao Hu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Lv J, Lin B, Li Q, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Guo L, Han J, Hu X, Guo C, Ye J, Liu T. Task fMRI data analysis based on supervised stochastic coordinate coding. Med Image Anal 2017; 38:1-16. [PMID: 28242473 PMCID: PMC5401655 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely employed for brain activation detection and brain network analysis. Modeling rich information from spatially-organized collection of fMRI time series is challenging because of the intrinsic complexity. Hypothesis-driven methods, such as the general linear model (GLM), which regress exterior stimulus from voxel-wise functional brain activity, are limited due to overlooking the complexity of brain activities and the diversity of concurrent brain networks. Recently, sparse representation and dictionary learning methods have attracted increasing interests in task fMRI data analysis. The major advantage of this methodology is its promise in reconstructing concurrent brain networks systematically. However, this data-driven strategy is, to some extent, arbitrary and does not sufficiently utilize the prior information of task design and neuroscience knowledge. To bridge this gap, we here propose a novel supervised sparse representation and dictionary learning framework based on stochastic coordinate coding (SCC) algorithm for task fMRI data analysis, in which certain brain networks are learned with known information such as pre-defined temporal patterns and spatial network patterns, and at the same time other networks are learned automatically from data. Our proposed method has been applied to two independent task fMRI datasets, and qualitative and quantitative evaluations have shown that our method provides a new and effective framework for task fMRI data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Lv
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Translational Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Binbin Lin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics & Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xintao Hu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Christine Guo
- Translational Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jieping Ye
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics & Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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36
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Jiménez-Ortega L, Espuny J, de Tejada PH, Vargas-Rivero C, Martín-Loeches M. Subliminal Emotional Words Impact Syntactic Processing: Evidence from Performance and Event-Related Brain Potentials. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:192. [PMID: 28487640 PMCID: PMC5404140 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that syntactic processing can be affected by emotional information and that subliminal emotional information can also affect cognitive processes. In this study, we explore whether unconscious emotional information may also impact syntactic processing. In an Event-Related brain Potential (ERP) study, positive, neutral and negative subliminal adjectives were inserted within neutral sentences, just before the presentation of the supraliminal adjective. They could either be correct (50%) or contain a morphosyntactic violation (number or gender disagreements). Larger error rates were observed for incorrect sentences than for correct ones, in contrast to most studies using supraliminal information. Strikingly, emotional adjectives affected the conscious syntactic processing of sentences containing morphosyntactic anomalies. The neutral condition elicited left anterior negativity (LAN) followed by a P600 component. However, a lack of anterior negativity and an early P600 onset for the negative condition were found, probably as a result of the negative subliminal correct adjective capturing early syntactic resources. Positive masked adjectives in turn prompted an N400 component in response to morphosyntactic violations, probably reflecting the induction of a heuristic processing mode involving access to lexico-semantic information to solve agreement anomalies. Our results add to recent evidence on the impact of emotional information on syntactic processing, while showing that this can occur even when the reader is unaware of the emotional stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jiménez-Ortega
- Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII)Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology Department, Complutense University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Javier Espuny
- Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII)Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Herreros de Tejada
- Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII)Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology Department, Complutense University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Vargas-Rivero
- Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII)Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Loeches
- Centre for Human Evolution and Behaviour, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM-ISCIII)Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology Department, Complutense University of MadridMadrid, Spain
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37
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Bell PT, Shine JM. Subcortical contributions to large-scale network communication. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71:313-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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38
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Ren Y, Fang J, Lv J, Hu X, Guo CC, Guo L, Xu J, Potenza MN, Liu T. Assessing the effects of cocaine dependence and pathological gambling using group-wise sparse representation of natural stimulus FMRI data. Brain Imaging Behav 2016; 11:1179-1191. [PMID: 27704410 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Assessing functional brain activation patterns in neuropsychiatric disorders such as cocaine dependence (CD) or pathological gambling (PG) under naturalistic stimuli has received rising interest in recent years. In this paper, we propose and apply a novel group-wise sparse representation framework to assess differences in neural responses to naturalistic stimuli across multiple groups of participants (healthy control, cocaine dependence, pathological gambling). Specifically, natural stimulus fMRI (N-fMRI) signals from all three groups of subjects are aggregated into a big data matrix, which is then decomposed into a common signal basis dictionary and associated weight coefficient matrices via an effective online dictionary learning and sparse coding method. The coefficient matrices associated with each common dictionary atom are statistically assessed for each group separately. With the inter-group comparisons based on the group-wise correspondence established by the common dictionary, our experimental results demonstrated that the group-wise sparse coding and representation strategy can effectively and specifically detect brain networks/regions affected by different pathological conditions of the brain under naturalistic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Ren
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Fang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xintao Hu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiansong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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39
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Haladjian HH, Montemayor C. Artificial consciousness and the consciousness-attention dissociation. Conscious Cogn 2016; 45:210-225. [PMID: 27656787 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence is at a turning point, with a substantial increase in projects aiming to implement sophisticated forms of human intelligence in machines. This research attempts to model specific forms of intelligence through brute-force search heuristics and also reproduce features of human perception and cognition, including emotions. Such goals have implications for artificial consciousness, with some arguing that it will be achievable once we overcome short-term engineering challenges. We believe, however, that phenomenal consciousness cannot be implemented in machines. This becomes clear when considering emotions and examining the dissociation between consciousness and attention in humans. While we may be able to program ethical behavior based on rules and machine learning, we will never be able to reproduce emotions or empathy by programming such control systems-these will be merely simulations. Arguments in favor of this claim include considerations about evolution, the neuropsychological aspects of emotions, and the dissociation between attention and consciousness found in humans. Ultimately, we are far from achieving artificial consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Haroutioun Haladjian
- Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, CNRS (UMR 8242), Université Paris Descartes, Centre Biomédical des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Carlos Montemayor
- San Francisco State University, Philosophy Department, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
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40
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Abstract
The hypothesis that highly overlapping networks underlie brain functions (neural reuse) is decisively supported by three decades of multisensory research. Multisensory areas process information from more than one sensory modality and therefore represent the best examples of neural reuse. Recent evidence of multisensory processing in primary visual cortices further indicates that neural reuse is a basic feature of the brain.
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41
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Jiang X, Li X, Lv J, Zhao S, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhang T, Han J, Guo L, Liu T. Temporal Dynamics Assessment of Spatial Overlap Pattern of Functional Brain Networks Reveals Novel Functional Architecture of Cerebral Cortex. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2016; 65:1183-1192. [PMID: 27608442 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2016.2598728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Various studies in the brain mapping field have demonstrated that there exist multiple concurrent functional networks that are spatially overlapped and interacting with each other during specific task performance to jointly realize the total brain function. Assessing such spatial overlap patterns of functional networks (SOPFNs) based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has thus received increasing interest for brain function studies. However, there are still two crucial issues to be addressed. First, the SOPFNs are assessed over the entire fMRI scan assuming the temporal stationarity, while possibly time-dependent dynamics of the SOPFNs is not sufficiently explored. Second, the SOPFNs are assessed within individual subjects, while group-wise consistency of the SOPFNs is largely unknown. METHODS To address the two issues, we propose a novel computational framework of group-wise sparse representation of whole-brain fMRI temporal segments to assess the temporal dynamic spatial patterns of SOPFNs that are consistent across different subjects. RESULTS Experimental results based on the recently publicly released Human Connectome Project grayordinate task fMRI data demonstrate that meaningful SOPFNs exhibiting dynamic spatial patterns across different time periods are effectively and robustly identified based on the reconstructed concurrent functional networks via the proposed framework. Specifically, those SOPFNs locate significantly more on gyral regions than on sulcal regions across different time periods. CONCLUSION These results reveal novel functional architecture of cortical gyri and sulci. SIGNIFICANCE Moreover, these results help better understand functional dynamics mechanisms of cerebral cortex in the future.
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Zhao Y, Chen H, Li Y, Lv J, Jiang X, Ge F, Zhang T, Zhang S, Ge B, Lyu C, Zhao S, Han J, Guo L, Liu T. Connectome-scale group-wise consistent resting-state network analysis in autism spectrum disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:23-33. [PMID: 27358766 PMCID: PMC4916065 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Hanbo Chen
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Yujie Li
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Jinglei Lv
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Fangfei Ge
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Bao Ge
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Machinskaya RI, Rozovskaya RI, Kurgansky AV, Pechenkova EV. Cortical functional connectivity during the retention of affective pictures in working memory: EEG-source theta coherence analysis. HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 42:279-293. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119716020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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44
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Kragel PA, LaBar KS. Decoding the Nature of Emotion in the Brain. Trends Cogn Sci 2016; 20:444-455. [PMID: 27133227 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A central, unresolved problem in affective neuroscience is understanding how emotions are represented in nervous system activity. After prior localization approaches largely failed, researchers began applying multivariate statistical tools to reconceptualize how emotion constructs might be embedded in large-scale brain networks. Findings from pattern analyses of neuroimaging data show that affective dimensions and emotion categories are uniquely represented in the activity of distributed neural systems that span cortical and subcortical regions. Results from multiple-category decoding studies are incompatible with theories postulating that specific emotions emerge from the neural coding of valence and arousal. This 'new look' into emotion representation promises to improve and reformulate neurobiological models of affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Kragel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kevin S LaBar
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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45
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Droit-Volet S, Fayolle S, Gil S. Emotion and Time Perception in Children and Adults: The Effect of Task Difficulty. TIMING & TIME PERCEPTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/22134468-03002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, adults and children aged five and eight years were given a temporal bisection task involving emotional stimuli (angry and neutral faces) and three levels of discrimination difficulty that differed as a function of the ratio used between the short and the long standard duration (very easy, easy, and difficult). In addition, their cognitive capacities in terms of working memory and attention inhibition were assessed by neuropsychological tests. In the very easy temporal task (ratio of 1:4), the results showed that the psychophysical functions were shifted toward the left in all participants for the angry faces compared to the neutral faces, with a significant lowering of the Bisection Point, suggesting that the stimulus duration was judged to last longer for the emotional stimuli. In addition, the results did not show any relationship between the magnitude of this lengthening effect and individual cognitive capacities as assessed by the neuropsychological tests. The individual differences in working memory capacities only explained differences in sensitivity to time. However, when the difficulty of the temporal task increased, the children’s performance decreased and it was no longer possible to test for the emotional effect. Unlike the children, the adults were still able to discriminate time in the emotional task. However, the emotional effect was no longer observed. In conclusion, our study on temporal task difficulty shows the influence of available cognitive resources on the emergence of an emotional effect on time perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. Gil
- Université de Poitiers (CeRCA)France
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Bayesian Inference for Functional Dynamics Exploring in fMRI Data. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3279050. [PMID: 27034708 PMCID: PMC4791514 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3279050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to review state-of-the-art Bayesian-inference-based methods applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Particularly, we focus on one specific long-standing challenge in the computational modeling of fMRI datasets: how to effectively explore typical functional interactions from fMRI time series and the corresponding boundaries of temporal segments. Bayesian inference is a method of statistical inference which has been shown to be a powerful tool to encode dependence relationships among the variables with uncertainty. Here we provide an introduction to a group of Bayesian-inference-based methods for fMRI data analysis, which were designed to detect magnitude or functional connectivity change points and to infer their functional interaction patterns based on corresponding temporal boundaries. We also provide a comparison of three popular Bayesian models, that is, Bayesian Magnitude Change Point Model (BMCPM), Bayesian Connectivity Change Point Model (BCCPM), and Dynamic Bayesian Variable Partition Model (DBVPM), and give a summary of their applications. We envision that more delicate Bayesian inference models will be emerging and play increasingly important roles in modeling brain functions in the years to come.
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Abstract
For centuries, decision scholars paid little attention to emotions: Decisions were modeled in normative and descriptive frameworks with little regard for affective processes. Recently, however, an “emotions revolution” has taken place, particularly in the neuroscientific study of decision making, putting emotional processes on an equal footing with cognitive ones. Yet disappointingly little theoretical progress has been made. The concepts and processes discussed often remain vague, and conclusions about the implications of emotions for rationality are contradictory and muddled. We discuss three complementary ways to move the neuroscientific study of emotion and decision making from agenda setting to theory building. The first is to use reverse inference as a hypothesis-discovery rather than a hypothesis-testing tool, unless its utility can be systematically quantified (e.g., through meta-analysis). The second is to capitalize on the conceptual inventory advanced by the behavioral science of emotions, testing those concepts and unveiling the underlying processes. The third is to model the interplay between emotions and decisions, harnessing existing cognitive frameworks of decision making and mapping emotions onto the postulated computational processes. To conclude, emotions (like cognitive strategies) are not rational or irrational per se: How (un)reasonable their influence is depends on their fit with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten G. Volz
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ralph Hertwig
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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Jiang X, Li X, Lv J, Zhang T, Zhang S, Guo L, Liu T. Sparse representation of HCP grayordinate data reveals novel functional architecture of cerebral cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:5301-19. [PMID: 26466353 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently publicly released Human Connectome Project (HCP) grayordinate-based fMRI data not only has high spatial and temporal resolution, but also offers group-corresponding fMRI signals across a large population for the first time in the brain imaging field, thus significantly facilitating mapping the functional brain architecture with much higher resolution and in a group-wise fashion. In this article, we adopt the HCP grayordinate task-based fMRI (tfMRI) data to systematically identify and characterize task-based heterogeneous functional regions (THFRs) on cortical surface, i.e., the regions that are activated during multiple tasks conditions and contribute to multiple task-evoked systems during a specific task performance, and to assess the spatial patterns of identified THFRs on cortical gyri and sulci by applying a computational framework of sparse representations of grayordinate brain tfMRI signals. Experimental results demonstrate that both consistent task-evoked networks and intrinsic connectivity networks across all subjects and tasks in HCP grayordinate data are effectively and robustly reconstructed via the proposed sparse representation framework. Moreover, it is found that there are relatively consistent THFRs locating at bilateral parietal lobe, frontal lobe, and visual association cortices across all subjects and tasks. Particularly, those identified THFRs locate significantly more on gyral regions than on sulcal regions. These results based on sparse representation of HCP grayordinate data reveal novel functional architecture of cortical gyri and sulci, and might provide a foundation to better understand functional mechanisms of the human cerebral cortex in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Jinglei Lv
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianming Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Zhao S, Han J, Lv J, Jiang X, Hu X, Zhao Y, Ge B, Guo L, Liu T. Supervised dictionary learning for inferring concurrent brain networks. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2015; 34:2036-45. [PMID: 25838519 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2418734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Task-based fMRI (tfMRI) has been widely used to explore functional brain networks via predefined stimulus paradigm in the fMRI scan. Traditionally, the general linear model (GLM) has been a dominant approach to detect task-evoked networks. However, GLM focuses on task-evoked or event-evoked brain responses and possibly ignores the intrinsic brain functions. In comparison, dictionary learning and sparse coding methods have attracted much attention recently, and these methods have shown the promise of automatically and systematically decomposing fMRI signals into meaningful task-evoked and intrinsic concurrent networks. Nevertheless, two notable limitations of current data-driven dictionary learning method are that the prior knowledge of task paradigm is not sufficiently utilized and that the establishment of correspondences among dictionary atoms in different brains have been challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel supervised dictionary learning and sparse coding method for inferring functional networks from tfMRI data, which takes both of the advantages of model-driven method and data-driven method. The basic idea is to fix the task stimulus curves as predefined model-driven dictionary atoms and only optimize the other portion of data-driven dictionary atoms. Application of this novel methodology on the publicly available human connectome project (HCP) tfMRI datasets has achieved promising results.
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Lv J, Jiang X, Li X, Zhu D, Zhao S, Zhang T, Hu X, Han J, Guo L, Li Z, Coles C, Hu X, Liu T. Assessing effects of prenatal alcohol exposure using group-wise sparse representation of fMRI data. Psychiatry Res 2015; 233. [PMID: 26195294 PMCID: PMC4536108 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Task-based fMRI activation mapping has been widely used in clinical neuroscience in order to assess different functional activity patterns in conditions such as prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) affected brains and healthy controls. In this paper, we propose a novel, alternative approach of group-wise sparse representation of the fMRI data of multiple groups of subjects (healthy control, exposed non-dysmorphic PAE and exposed dysmorphic PAE) and assess the systematic functional activity differences among these three populations. Specifically, a common time series signal dictionary is learned from the aggregated fMRI signals of all three groups of subjects, and then the weight coefficient matrices (named statistical coefficient map (SCM)) associated with each common dictionary were statistically assessed for each group separately. Through inter-group comparisons based on the correspondence established by the common dictionary, our experimental results have demonstrated that the group-wise sparse coding strategy and the SCM can effectively reveal a collection of brain networks/regions that were affected by different levels of severity of PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Lv
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
,Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Dajiang Zhu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shijie Zhao
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
,Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
,Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xintao Hu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Technology Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Claire Coles
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- Biomedical Imaging Technology Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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