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Heikkilä L, Korpelainen R, Aira T, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Kokko S, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Vanhala M. Is health promotion in sports clubs associated with adolescent participants' fruit and vegetable consumption? Eur J Public Health 2023; 33:1102-1108. [PMID: 37665763 PMCID: PMC10710333 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sports clubs' potential for health promotion is acknowledged, research on whether they promote healthy eating is limited. We aimed to evaluate Finnish youth sports clubs' health promotion orientation, as well as associations between sports clubs' health promotion orientation, coaches' nutritional discussions and sports club participants' (SPs') fruit and/or vegetable consumption. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 554 SPs aged 14-16 years, 275 club officials and 311 coaches. Participants replied to questionnaires about sports clubs' health promotion and their own health behaviours, including dietary habits. Health promotion orientation was estimated using a Health Promoting Sports Club (HPSC) index (range 0-22) and nutritional discussions and fruit and/or vegetable consumption as frequencies. A mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the associations. RESULTS Most sports clubs (69%) had a high health promotion orientation, but the variation between the clubs was wide (HPSC index range 5-21). SPs' daily fruit and/or vegetable consumption was associated with female gender [odds ratio (OR) 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.23-5.42, P < 0.001], better self-rated health (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.13-9.41, P = 0.03), higher average school grades (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04-2.67, P = 0.03), and SPs' responses that their coach had often discussed nutrition (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.41-3.14, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although sports clubs' orientation towards health promotion was mostly high, it seems not to be enough to promote healthy eating among adolescent participants. Instead, coaches' nutritional discussions were associated with adolescents' fruit and/or vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heikkilä
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic, Central Finland Hospital Nova, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sports KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja Vanhala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Parental Factors Related to Physical Activity among Adolescent Men Living in Built and Natural Environment: A Population-Based MOPO Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:3234083. [PMID: 34122561 PMCID: PMC8169255 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3234083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Physical inactivity is a global concern, especially among adolescent men. Little research has been done on the association between parental factors and young adults' physical activity in the context of residential environment. We aimed to reveal what parental factors are associated with physical activity among adolescent men living in built and natural environments. Methods A population-based sample of 1,904 men (mean age = 17.9, SD = 0.7 years) completed a questionnaire regarding physical activity, parental factors, and lifestyle in Northern Finland in 2012 and 2013. Geographical information system methods and dominant land-use type were used to define the residential environment in a 1-kilometer radius buffer zone surrounding each participant's home address. If the residential area included more artificial surfaces, it was defined as a built environment, and areas including more nature were defined as natural environments. Results According to multivariable analyses, a mother's physical activity (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.8) was positively associated with the physical activity of adolescent men living in built environments, and the father's physical activity was positively associated with the physical activity of adolescent men living in natural environments (2.8; 1.7-4.8). Self-rated health (built 5.9 [4.0-8.7]; natural 5.2 [3.0-9.0]) was positively associated with physical activity level. Those with symptoms of depression were more likely to be physically inactive (built 0.5 [0.3-0.8]; natural 0.3 [0.1-0.6]). Adolescent men were equally physically active regardless of the living environment. Conclusions The level of physical activity of parents, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms should be considered when designing physical activity promotions for adolescent men according to their residential environments.
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Frequency of legume consumption related to sociodemographic factors, health status and health-related variables among surveyed adults from Poland. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:1895-1905. [PMID: 32787977 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020002116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were: (i) to estimate the frequency of legume consumption in a study sample from Poland; (ii) to assess relationships between frequency of legume consumption and sociodemographic factors, health status and health-related variables and (iii) to describe the sociodemographic and health-related profiles of 'frequent', 'rare' and 'never legume consumers'. DESIGN A cross-sectional study with a self-administered questionnaire was conducted. χ2 test compared the distribution of sociodemographic, health status and health-related variables in accordance with frequency of legume consumption. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) revealed the sociodemographic and health-related profiles of 'frequent', 'rare' and 'never legume consumers'. SETTING Adult individuals from Poland. PARTICIPANTS The present study included 1135 adults aged 18-80 years. RESULTS Only 22·8 % of all participants declared frequent legume consumption. The prevalence of 'rare' and 'never consumers' was 72·1 and 5·1 %, respectively. The MCA highlighted strong correspondence of sociodemographic factors, health status and health-related variables with the frequency of legume consumption. CONCLUSIONS Low frequency of legume consumption in a study sample of adults from Poland was strongly associated with male sex, low educational level, physical work, living in villages and small cities, and living with more than one co-resident; low legume consumption was also associated with sedentary lifestyle, no disease prevalence and no dietary supplementation.
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Dietary-Lifestyle Patterns Associated with Adiposity and Metabolic Abnormalities in Adult Men under 40 Years Old: A Cross-Sectional Study (MeDiSH Project). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030751. [PMID: 32178303 PMCID: PMC7146269 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary-lifestyle patterns (DLPs) with adiposity and metabolic abnormalities in adult Polish men that were under 40. The cross-sectional study included 358 men that were 19–40-year-old. Dietary and lifestyle data were collected with multicomponent food frequency questionnaire (KomPAN®). DPLs were derived with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using 25 dietary and six lifestyle as the input variables. Adiposity was determined with the use of: overweight (body mass index 25–29.9 kg/m2), central obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5), general obesity (body fat ≥ 25%), excessive visceral fat tissue (≥ median), and increased skeletal muscle mass (≥ median). The metabolic abnormalities were characterised by elevated: fasting blood glucose (FBG ≥ 100 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG ≥ 150 mg/dL), total cholesterol (TC ≥ 200 mg/dL), or systolic or diastolic blood pressure (≥ 130 or ≥ 85 mmHg, respectively). Four PCA-driven DLPs were derived and labelled accordingly to the most characteristic dietary or lifestyle behaviours that were correlated with each pattern. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that higher adherence (upper vs. bottom tertile as referent) to “Protein food, fried-food, and recreational physical activity” pattern was associated with higher odds of overweight and increased skeletal muscle mass, and lower odds of: general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and elevated TC. Higher adherence to “Healthy diet, active, past smokers” pattern was associated with higher odds of overweight and lower odds of: general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and elevated FBG. Higher adherence to “Sandwiches and convenient diet” pattern was associated with higher odds of: central obesity, general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, elevated TC, elevated TG, occurrence at least two metabolic abnormalities, and lower odds of increased skeletal muscle mass. A higher adherence to “Fast foods and stimulants” pattern was associated with higher odds of central obesity, general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and lower odds of increased skeletal muscle mass. The interrelations between diet and lifestyle behaviours were reflected in three out of four patterns. Healthy diet attempts combined with active lifestyle was associated with reduced risk of adiposity and metabolic abnormalities despite some unhealthy components, like former smoking or fried-food consumption. In contrary, patterns that were composed of undesirable dietary behaviours solely, as well as poor diet combined with stimulant use, were associated with higher adiposity and worse metabolic health, despite the relatively young age of the study participants. Accurate mapping of dietary-lifestyle behaviours can serve as a tool for formulating evidence-based recommendations.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between eating habits and weight status in adolescents in Finland. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The Finnish Health in Teens (Fin-HIT) study is a cohort study conducted in adolescents attending third to sixth grade in 496 schools in forty-four municipalities in Southern, Middle and Northern Finland in 2011–2014. Participants: Analyses included 10 569 adolescents from the Fin-HIT study aged 9–14 years (5005 boys and 5564 girls). Adolescents were categorized by their eating habits: healthy eaters (44·1 %; n 4661), unhealthy eaters (12·3 %; n 1298), and fruit and vegetable avoiders (43·6 %; n 4610); and they were grouped into weight status: underweight (11·1 %), normal weight (73·6 %) and excess weight (15·3 %). Results: We found an increased risk of underweight in fruit and vegetable avoiders (OR = 1·28; 95 % CI 1·12, 1·46). An irregular breakfast pattern showed an inverse association with underweight (OR = 0·70; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·84) and an increased risk of excess weight (OR = 1·56; 95 % CI 1·37, 1·77) compared with a regular breakfast pattern. An irregular dinner pattern was inversely associated with underweight (OR = 0·83; 95 % CI 0·69, 0·99) compared with a regular dinner pattern. Conclusions: Avoiding fruits and vegetables and following irregular breakfast and dinner patterns were associated with underweight and excess weight in adolescents.
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Identifying eating habits in Finnish children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:312. [PMID: 30876472 PMCID: PMC6420733 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to identify different eating habits among Finnish children and to evaluate their association with meal patterns, breakfast consumption, and socio-demographic characteristics in a large, nationwide cohort of children. Methods We evaluated 10,569 children aged 9–14 years into the Finnish Health in Teens cohort in a cross-sectional design. The hierarchical K-means method was used to identify groups of children with different eating habits, based on five factors obtained through factor analysis of 10 food items. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to show associations between groups with different eating habits and meal patterns, breakfast patterns, gender, age, and language spoken at home. Results Analyses identified three groups: unhealthy eaters (12.3%), fruit and vegetable avoiders (43.3%), and healthy eaters (44.1%). Most children had regular meal and breakfast patterns. The proportion of boys was higher among unhealthy eaters. Unhealthy eaters also showed irregular meal and breakfast patterns, and had parents with low education level. There was a higher proportion of girls among healthy eaters. Healthy eaters also showed regular meal and breakfast patterns, and had parents with high education level. Conclusions Although the number of unhealthy eaters was small, special attention should be still paid to these, mostly male children, as they have poor eating habits and they lack regular eating routine. Skipping breakfast was more common among older children and girls, although girls had healthier eating habits overall. Our results can contribute to public health efforts to improve eating behaviours, especially among children with poor eating habits and those skipping healthy food items.
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Hagnäs MP, Jokelainen J, Cederberg-Tamminen H, Niemelä S, Mikkola I, Härkönen P, Rajala U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S. Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking in Young Men as Predictors of Body Composition Changes During Military Service. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:365-371. [PMID: 28430930 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the influences of alcohol consumption frequency and binge drinking on changes in the body composition, lifestyle habits and physical fitness of healthy young men during military service. METHODS A population-based study of men performing their military service in the Sodankylä Jaeger Brigade, Finland in 2005. Body composition, fitness and lifestyle habits were evaluated at baseline and 6-12 months follow-up. Alcohol consumption frequency and binge drinking were categorized as: 'not at all', 'at least once a month' and 'at least once a week'. RESULTS Data were available for 983 participants. Mean (SD) age was 19.2 (1.0) years. At baseline, participants who reported binge drinking at least once a week (29.8%) had the most unfavourable body composition, lifestyle habits and physical fitness compared with the group with no binge drinking. Significant (P < 0.05) mean reductions in % body fat (-2.3%) and weight (-1.8 kg), as well as improvements in lifestyle habits and physical fitness were observed in the weekly binge drinking group during the military service. The reductions in relative weight (%) and % body fat were associated with binge drinking at least once a week (regression coefficient for relative weight -1.39, 95% CI [-2.32; -0.45], P = 0.004, and for % body fat -0.68, 95% CI [-1.35; -0.01], P = 0.049). CONCLUSION Frequent binge drinking is associated with poorer body composition, lifestyle habits and fitness among young men. Frequent binge drinkers may obtain the greatest benefit of military-service-based exercise intervention, as reflected in the improvements in body composition, lifestyle habits and physical fitness. SHORT SUMMARY Frequent binge drinking is associated with poorer body composition, lifestyle habits and fitness among young men. The greatest benefit of military service comprehending exercise intervention was observed among those with binge drinking once a week at the baseline, with favourable changes in lifestyle factors, body composition and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Hagnäs
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Rovaniemi Health Center, Sairaalakatu 1, 96100 Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Jari Jokelainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Henna Cederberg-Tamminen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
- Center of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Jorvi Hospital, Turuntie 150, 02740 Espoo, Finland
| | - Solja Niemelä
- Research Unit for Clinical Neuroscience, PO Box 8000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Lapland Hospital District, PO 8041, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Ilona Mikkola
- Rovaniemi Health Center, Sairaalakatu 1, 96100 Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Pirjo Härkönen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
| | - Ulla Rajala
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5/PO Box 5000, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Eating Habits and Dietary Intake: Is Adherence to Dietary Guidelines Associated with Importance of Healthy Eating among Undergraduate University Students in Finland? Cent Eur J Public Health 2015; 23:306-13. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kinnunen M, Hankonen N, Haukkala A, Renner B, Jallinoja P, Bingham CML, Absetz P. Healthy eaters beat unhealthy eaters in prototype evaluation among men, but abstinence may pose a risk for social standing. Health Psychol Behav Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2015.1095097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tanner T, Päkkilä J, Karjalainen K, Kämppi A, Järvelin MR, Patinen P, Tjäderhane L, Anttonen V. Smoking, alcohol use, socioeconomic background and oral health among young Finnish adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 43:406-14. [PMID: 25912378 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of smoking and alcohol use in association with dental caries experience and signs of periodontal disease in a Finnish male group born in the early 1990s. The impacts of health behaviour and socioeconomic factors were included in the analyses. METHODS Oral health of 8539 conscripts was screened in a cross-sectional study (DT, DMFT and CPI). They also answered a questionnaire covering their habits of smoking and alcohol use as well as other behaviours and background factors. The bleeding on probing index (BOP) was available on 6529 conscripts. Cross-tabulation together with a chi-squared test and generalized linear mixed models were used in the analyses. A mosaic figure was used to illustrate associations of smoking frequency, use of dental services and toothache. RESULTS Majority (80.9%) in the study group consumed alcohol at least once a month, and 39.4% were daily smokers. Smoking was statistically significantly associated with high caries experience and high bleeding values of gums. Consumption of alcohol was not associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. The high BOP value had the strongest association with infrequent tooth brushing and smoking. The participant's own education level was the main protective factor of oral health. The smokers used dental services more frequently compared to the non-smokers mostly for acute care. CONCLUSIONS Young men's health behaviour, especially of those with low education, does not promote oral health, which may indicate need for extensive healthcare services in the future. Health promotion should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarja Tanner
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Päkkilä
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Antti Kämppi
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Imperial College, London, UK.,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pertti Patinen
- Centre for Military Medicine, Finnish Defence Forces, Riihimäki, Finland
| | - Leo Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Lankinen M, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Paananen J, Nygren H, Seppänen-Laakso T, Poutanen K, Hyötyläinen T, Risérus U, Savolainen MJ, Hukkanen J, Brader L, Marklund M, Rosqvist F, Hermansen K, Cloetens L, Önning G, Thorsdottir I, Gunnarsdottir I, Åkesson B, Dragsted LO, Uusitupa M, Orešič M. A Healthy Nordic Diet Alters the Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Adults with Features of Metabolic Syndrome in a Multicenter Randomized Dietary Intervention. J Nutr 2015; 146:662-672. [PMID: 26962194 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.220459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy Nordic diet is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, but the effect on lipidomic profile is not known. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate how a healthy Nordic diet affects the fasting plasma lipidomic profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome. METHODS Men and women (n = 200) with features of metabolic syndrome [mean age: 55 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.6] were randomly assigned to either a healthy Nordic (n = 104) or a control (n = 96) diet for 18 or 24 wk at 6 centers. Of the participants, 156 completed the study with plasma lipidomic measurements. The healthy Nordic diet consisted of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, berries, vegetable oils and margarines, fish, low-fat milk products, and low-fat meat. An average Nordic diet served as the control diet and included low-fiber cereal products, dairy fat-based spreads, regular-fat milk products, and a limited amount of fruits, vegetables, and berries. Lipidomic profiles were measured at baseline, week 12, and the end of the intervention (18 or 24 wk) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The effects of the diets on the lipid variables were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. Data from centers with 18- or 24-wk duration were also analyzed separately. RESULTS Changes in 21 plasma lipids differed significantly between the groups at week 12 (false discovery rate P < 0.05), including increases in plasmalogens and decreases in ceramides in the healthy Nordic diet group compared with the control group. At the end of the study, changes in lipidomic profiles did not differ between the groups. However, when the intervention lasted 24 wk, changes in 8 plasma lipids that had been identified at 12 wk, including plasmalogens, were sustained. There were no differences in changes in plasma lipids between groups with an intervention of 18 wk. By the dietary biomarker score, adherence to diet did not explain the difference in the results related to the duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS A healthy Nordic diet transiently modified the plasma lipidomic profile, specifically by increasing the concentrations of antioxidative plasmalogens and decreasing insulin resistance-inducing ceramides. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lankinen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heli Nygren
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Kaisa Poutanen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Brader
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lieselotte Cloetens
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Önning
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Faculty of Science, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
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Bingham CML, Lahti-Koski M, Puukka P, Kinnunen M, Jallinoja P, Absetz P. Effects of a healthy food supply intervention in a military setting: positive changes in cereal, fat and sugar containing foods. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012; 9:91. [PMID: 22849620 PMCID: PMC3511183 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Finland, all men are liable to military service and a clear majority completes service. The increasing prevalence of obesity also among soldiers concerns conscripts' food choices. Conscripts are served nutritionally planned regular main meals but individual choices take place in free-time eating. This study assesses the effects in conscripts' eating habits in an intervention targeting the supply of healthy foods available in the military setting. METHODS Participants were 604 18-21-year old male conscripts of whom 242 belonged to Control Group and 362 to Intervention Group. Participants of Control Group were historical controls performing military service one year before Intervention Group. The intervention targeted selection, placement, and attractiveness of healthy foods in garrison refectories and soldier's home cafeterias, the two main food providers in the military. Dietary intake data was collected by self-administered questionnaire at three time points: before/beginning of military service (T0), 8 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2) of military service. Outcome measures were food consumption frequencies and four dietary indexes (Cereal Index, Fruit and Vegetable Index, Fat Index and Sugar Index) developed to characterize the diet. Changes between study groups in outcome variables and in time were analysed by repeated-measures analysis of covariance. RESULTS Significant (p < 0.05) intervention effects and time-intervention interactions mostly in favor of Intervention Group were found. In Intervention Group, Cereal Index was significantly higher at T2 and the overall level of porridges and cereals was higher during follow-up when comparing to Control Group. Also, the overall levels of Fat Index, potato chips, soft drinks and desserts as well as sweet pastries at T1 were significantly lower in Intervention Group. At the same time, Fruit and Vegetable Index and the level of fruit and berries were lower in Intervention Group during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In the military setting, healthier food choices can be promoted by intervening on the main food environments by improving the supply of healthy foods. However, impacting on conscripts' individual selection as fruit and vegetable consumption is more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa M L Bingham
- Health Behavior and Health Promotion Unit, Department of Lifestyle and Participation, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.
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Ohlhorst SD, Slavin M, Bhide JM, Bugusu B. Use of Iodized Salt in Processed Foods in Select Countries Around the World and the Role of Food Processors. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Jung HJ, Han SN, Song S, Paik HY, Baik HW, Joung H. Association between adherence to the Korean Food Guidance System and the risk of metabolic abnormalities in Koreans. Nutr Res Pract 2011; 5:560-8. [PMID: 22259682 PMCID: PMC3259300 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2011.5.6.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of a diet consistent with dietary guidelines is believed to have a beneficial effect on the prevention of chronic diseases and the promotion of general health. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between adherence to the Korean Food Guidance System (KFGS), which was based on the 2010 revised KDRIs, and the risk of metabolic abnormalities. Five hundred and ninety-six Korean adults between 30 and 59 years of age were recruited by advertisement to the Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital (BJGH), and those not taking regular medications and without diagnoses of fulminant disease were included. Data were collected on anthropometric measurements, diagnostic parameters for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and 3-day dietary intakes from individuals in the study. The number of servings consumed from each food group was compared to the KFGS recommended servings for each of the 6 food groups. Poor adherence to the recommendations for servings of milk and dairy products (OR: 2.038, 1.128-3.682) was associated with a higher risk of MetS, and poor adherence to the guidelines for fruit consumption (OR: 1.849, 1.027-3.329) was associated with a higher risk for the existence an elevated waist circumference. Conversely, the consumption of meat, fish, eggs, and beans above the recommended number of servings was associated with a lower risk of having an elevated waist circumference (OR: 0.523, 0.288-0.950), and the consumption of vegetables above the recommended number of servings was associated with a reduced risk of having elevated fasting glucose (OR: 0.533, 0.298-0.954). These results suggest that adherence to the KFGS guidelines helps to prevent the development of MetS, but this association needs to be confirmed by prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Food choices and health during military service: increases in sugar- and fibre-containing foods and changes in anthropometric and clinical risk factors. Public Health Nutr 2011; 15:1248-55. [PMID: 22166515 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980011003351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse changes in food choices, diet-related risk factors and their association during 6 months of military service. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study in Finland, where all men are liable to military service and a clear majority of each age group completes service. Dietary intake data were collected by self-administered questionnaire before and at 6 months of service. Three dietary indices based on food frequencies were developed to characterize the diet: Sugar Index, Fibre Index and Fat Index. Thirteen diet-related risk factors were measured at the beginning and at 6 months of service. SETTING Military environment, two geographically distinct garrisons. SUBJECTS Male conscripts aged 18-21 years (n 256) performing military service. RESULTS During 6 months of service, positive changes concerned more frequent use of fibre-rich foods (P = 0·011), improved body composition (BMI, waist circumference, muscle mass, fat mass and percentage body fat, P ≤ 0·003 for all), decreased systolic blood pressure and increased HDL cholesterol (P < 0·001 for both). Negative changes concerned more frequent use of sugar-rich foods and increased total cholesterol, TAG and blood glucose (P < 0·001 for all). The consumption of fibre-rich foods was inversely associated with anthropometric risk factors at baseline and with sugar-rich foods at both time points. CONCLUSIONS Despite more frequent consumption of sweet foods, military service with a unified, nutritionally planned diet, a controlled environment and high physical load has a positive effect on conscripts' health risk factors. The negative changes in blood lipids and glucose may reflect more varied free-time eating.
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