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Khanal P, Patil VS, Patil BM, Bhattacharya K, Shrivastava AK, Chaudhary RK, Singh L, Dwivedi PS, Harish DR, Roy S. The marijuana-schizophrenia multifaceted nexus: Connections and conundrums towards neurophysiology. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107957. [PMID: 37729848 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, a component of marijuana, interacts with cannabinoid receptors in brain involved in memory, cognition, and emotional control. However, marijuana use and schizophrenia development is a complicated and contentious topic. As a result, more investigation is needed to understand this relationship. Through the functional enrichment analysis, we report the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol to manipulate the homeostatic biological process and molecular function of different macromolecules. Additionally, using molecular docking and subsequent processing for molecular simulations, we assessed the binding ability of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol with the estrogen-related protein, dopamine receptor 5, and hyaluronidase. It was found that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol may have an impact on the brain's endocannabinoid system and may trigger the schizophrenia progression in vulnerable people. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol may interfere with the biological function of 18 proteins linked to schizophrenia and disrupt the synaptic transmission (dopamine, glutamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid). It was discovered that it may affect lipid homeostasis, which is closely related to membrane integrity and synaptic plasticity. The negative control of cellular and metabolic processes, fatty acids binding /activity, and the manipulated endocannabinoid system (targeting cannabinoid receptors) were also concerned with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Hence, this may alter neurotransmitter signaling involved in memory, cognition, and emotional control, showing its direct impact on brain physiological processes. This may be one of the risk factors for schizophrenia development which is also closely tied to some other variables such as frequency, genetic vulnerability, dosage, and individual susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pukar Khanal
- KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India.
| | - Vishal S Patil
- KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India; Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India
| | - B M Patil
- KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India; PRES's Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy Pravaranagar, Loni, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India; Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicine Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, South Korea
| | - Raushan K Chaudhary
- KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India
| | - Lokjan Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital Jumla, Karnali, Nepal
| | - Prarambh Sr Dwivedi
- KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India
| | - Darasaguppe R Harish
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India
| | - Subarna Roy
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India
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2
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Inhibition of Microglial GSK3β Activity Is Common to Different Kinds of Antidepressants: A Proposal for an In Vitro Screen to Detect Novel Antidepressant Principles. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030806. [PMID: 36979785 PMCID: PMC10045655 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major public health concern. Unfortunately, the present antidepressants often are insufficiently effective, whilst the discovery of more effective antidepressants has been extremely sluggish. The objective of this review was to combine the literature on depression with the pharmacology of antidepressant compounds, in order to formulate a conceivable pathophysiological process, allowing proposals how to accelerate the discovery process. Risk factors for depression initiate an infection-like inflammation in the brain that involves activation microglial Toll-like receptors and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). GSK3β activity alters the balance between two competing transcription factors, the pro-inflammatory/pro-oxidative transcription factor NFκB and the neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative transcription factor NRF2. The antidepressant activity of tricyclic antidepressants is assumed to involve activation of GS-coupled microglial receptors, raising intracellular cAMP levels and activation of protein kinase A (PKA). PKA and similar kinases inhibit the enzyme activity of GSK3β. Experimental antidepressant principles, including cannabinoid receptor-2 activation, opioid μ receptor agonists, 5HT2 agonists, valproate, ketamine and electrical stimulation of the Vagus nerve, all activate microglial pathways that result in GSK3β-inhibition. An in vitro screen for NRF2-activation in microglial cells with TLR-activated GSK3β activity, might therefore lead to the detection of totally novel antidepressant principles with, hopefully, an improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Channer B, Matt SM, Nickoloff-Bybel EA, Pappa V, Agarwal Y, Wickman J, Gaskill PJ. Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:62-158. [PMID: 36757901 PMCID: PMC9832385 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions in peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, and intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, a growing body of evidence indicates that dopamine is an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types of immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopaminergic proteins, and many immune cells take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting that dopaminergic immunomodulation is important for immune function. Targeting these pathways could be a promising avenue for the treatment of inflammation and disease, but despite increasing research in this area, data on the specific effects of dopamine on many immune cells and disease processes remain inconsistent and poorly understood. Therefore, this review integrates the current knowledge of the role of dopamine in immune cell function and inflammatory signaling across systems. We also discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic regulation of immune signaling in the CNS and peripheral tissues, highlighting the role of dopaminergic immunomodulation in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and others. Careful consideration is given to the influence of experimental design on results, and we note a number of areas in need of further research. Overall, this review integrates our knowledge of dopaminergic immunology at the cellular, tissue, and disease level and prompts the development of therapeutics and strategies targeted toward ameliorating disease through dopaminergic regulation of immunity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Canonically, dopamine is recognized as a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement, cognition, and reward. However, dopamine also acts as an immune modulator in the central nervous system and periphery. This review comprehensively assesses the current knowledge of dopaminergic immunomodulation and the role of dopamine in disease pathogenesis at the cellular and tissue level. This will provide broad access to this information across fields, identify areas in need of further investigation, and drive the development of dopaminergic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Channer
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Emily A Nickoloff-Bybel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Jason Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
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Sasamori H, Asakura T, Sugiura C, Bouchekioua Y, Nishitani N, Sato M, Yoshida T, Yamasaki M, Terao A, Watanabe M, Ohmura Y, Yoshioka M. Behavioral characteristics of dopamine D 5 receptor knockout mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6014. [PMID: 35399112 PMCID: PMC8995362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major psychiatric disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia are often accompanied by elevated impulsivity. However, anti-impulsive drug treatments are still limited. To explore a novel molecular target, we examined the role of dopamine D5 receptors in impulse control using mice that completely lack D5 receptors (D5KO mice). We also measured spontaneous activity and learning/memory ability because these deficits could confound the assessment of impulsivity. We found small but significant effects of D5 receptor knockout on home cage activity only at specific times of the day. In addition, an analysis using the q-learning model revealed that D5KO mice displayed lower behavioral adjustment after impulsive actions. However, our results also showed that baseline impulsive actions and the effects of an anti-impulsive drug in D5KO mice were comparable to those in wild-type littermates. Moreover, unlike previous studies that used other D5 receptor-deficient mouse lines, we did not observe reductions in locomotor activity, working memory deficits, or severe learning deficits in our line of D5KO mice. These findings demonstrate that D5 receptors are dispensable for impulse control. Our results also indicate that time series analysis and detailed analysis of the learning process are necessary to clarify the behavioral functions of D5 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sasamori
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Chiaki Sugiura
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Youcef Bouchekioua
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishitani
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yoshida
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miwako Yamasaki
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Terao
- Department of Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yu Ohmura
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshioka
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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5
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Jones-Tabah J, Mohammad H, Paulus EG, Clarke PBS, Hébert TE. The Signaling and Pharmacology of the Dopamine D1 Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:806618. [PMID: 35110997 PMCID: PMC8801442 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.806618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is a Gαs/olf-coupled GPCR that is expressed in the midbrain and forebrain, regulating motor behavior, reward, motivational states, and cognitive processes. Although the D1R was initially identified as a promising drug target almost 40 years ago, the development of clinically useful ligands has until recently been hampered by a lack of suitable candidate molecules. The emergence of new non-catechol D1R agonists, biased agonists, and allosteric modulators has renewed clinical interest in drugs targeting this receptor, specifically for the treatment of motor impairment in Parkinson's Disease, and cognitive impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders. To develop better therapeutics, advances in ligand chemistry must be matched by an expanded understanding of D1R signaling across cell populations in the brain, and in disease states. Depending on the brain region, the D1R couples primarily to either Gαs or Gαolf through which it activates a cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling cascade that can regulate neuronal excitability, stimulate gene expression, and facilitate synaptic plasticity. However, like many GPCRs, the D1R can signal through multiple downstream pathways, and specific signaling signatures may differ between cell types or be altered in disease. To guide development of improved D1R ligands, it is important to understand how signaling unfolds in specific target cells, and how this signaling affects circuit function and behavior. In this review, we provide a summary of D1R-directed signaling in various neuronal populations and describe how specific pathways have been linked to physiological and behavioral outcomes. In addition, we address the current state of D1R drug development, including the pharmacology of newly developed non-catecholamine ligands, and discuss the potential utility of D1R-agonists in Parkinson's Disease and cognitive impairment.
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6
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Ivanova E, Panayotova T, Grechenliev I, Peshev B, Kolchakova P, Milanova V. A Complex Combination Therapy for a Complex Disease-Neuroimaging Evidence for the Effect of Music Therapy in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:795344. [PMID: 35370834 PMCID: PMC8964524 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.795344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a disease characterized by clinical polymorphism: a combination of diverse syndromes defined by differences in structure, course and outcome. The etiology and pathogenesis of this mental disorder is still not completely understood, in spite of the achievements in the fields of neuroscience, genetics, neuroimaging and others. Different treatment strategies have been developed for patients with schizophrenia, but the search for new pharmacological agents continues with the mission of achieving a more effective control over the disease manifestations (positive and negative symptoms), improvement of the patients' social functioning and quality of life. The accumulated clinical experience has revealed that drug treatment and the inclusion in various rehabilitation programs and social skills training shows promising results in these patients. In recent years a plethora of evidence has been compiled regarding the role of music therapy as a possible alternative in the combination treatment of patients with mental disorders, schizophrenia included. Thus, the purpose of this review is to present the reader with a more detailed and science-based account of the beneficial effect of music therapy on the general wellbeing of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. To fulfill our goal, we will focus mainly on the evidence provided by modern neuroimaging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ivanova
- Psychiatric Clinic, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Ivan Grechenliev
- Psychiatric Clinic, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bogomil Peshev
- Psychiatric Clinic, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Vihra Milanova
- Psychiatric Clinic, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Sex Differences in Dopamine Receptors and Relevance to Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091199. [PMID: 34573220 PMCID: PMC8469878 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that plays a key role in neuropsychiatric illness. Sex differences in dopaminergic signaling have been acknowledged for decades and have been linked to sex-specific heterogeneity in both dopamine-related behaviours as well as in various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the overall number of studies that have evaluated sex differences in dopamine signaling, both in health and in these disorders, is low. This review will bring together what is known regarding sex differences in innate dopamine receptor expression and function, as well as highlight the known sex-specific roles of dopamine in addiction, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Due to differences in prognosis, diagnosis, and symptomatology between male and female subjects in disorders that involve dopamine signaling, or in responses that utilize pharmacological interventions that target dopamine receptors, understanding the fundamental sex differences in dopamine receptors is of vital importance for the personalization of therapeutic treatment strategies.
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8
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McCallum RT, Perreault ML. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3: A Focal Point for Advancing Pathogenic Inflammation in Depression. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092270. [PMID: 34571919 PMCID: PMC8470361 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that the host immune response has a monumental role in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), motivating the development of the inflammatory hypothesis of depression. Central to the involvement of chronic inflammation in MDD is a wide range of signaling deficits induced by the excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and imbalanced T cell differentiation. Such signaling deficits include the glutamatergic, cholinergic, insulin, and neurotrophin systems, which work in concert to initiate and advance the neuropathology. Fundamental to the communication between such systems is the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), a multifaceted protein critically linked to the etiology of MDD and an emerging target to treat pathogenic inflammation. Here, a consolidated overview of the widespread multi-system involvement of GSK-3 in contributing to the neuropathology of MDD will be discussed, with the feed-forward mechanistic links between all major neuronal signaling pathways highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T. McCallum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Melissa L. Perreault
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
- Collaborative Program in Neuroscience, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 52013)
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Wu HT, Yu Y, Li XX, Lang XY, Gu RZ, Fan SR, Fang X, Bai JP, Lan R, Qin XY. Edaravone attenuates H 2O 2 or glutamate-induced toxicity in hippocampal neurons and improves AlCl 3/D-galactose induced cognitive impairment in mice. Neurotoxicology 2021; 85:68-78. [PMID: 34004234 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Edaravone (Eda) is a free radical scavenger used in clinical trials for the treatment of ischemic stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, how Eda exerts its neuroprotective effects remains to be elucidated. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of Eda in cultured hippocampal neurons and in a mouse model of AlCl3/D-galactose-induced cognitive impairment. Eda protected hippocampal neurons by eliminating H2O2 or glutamate-induced toxicity, leading to decreased cell viability and neurite shortening. Consistently, Eda restored impaired levels of BDNF, FGF2 and their associated signaling axes (including TrkB, p-Akt and Bcl-2) to attenuate neuronal death. In a mouse model of chemically-induced cognitive impairment, Eda restored the levels of BDNF, FGF2 and TrkB/Akt signaling axis to attenuate neuronal apoptosis, thereby ameliorating cognitive impairment. Meanwhile, the pro-inflammation was eliminated due to the restoration of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NOS2. In summary, Eda is an effective drug for protecting neurons from neurotoxic injury. BDNF, FGF2, and their regulated pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xi-Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiu-Yuan Lang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Run-Ze Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sheng-Rui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jin-Peng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rongfeng Lan
- Department of Cell Biology & Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Center for Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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10
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Skałbania J, Pałasz A, Błaszczyk I, Suszka-Świtek A, Krzystanek M, Tulcanaz KP, Worthington JJ, Mordecka-Chamera K. Chlorpromazine affects the numbers of Sox-2, Musashi1 and DCX-expressing cells in the rat brain subventricular zone. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1164-1169. [PMID: 33843023 PMCID: PMC8413197 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Adult neurogenesis observed both in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampus may be regulated and modulated by several endogenous factors, xenobiotics and medications. Classical and atypical antipsychotic drugs are able to affect neuronal and glial cell proliferation in the rat brain. The main purpose of this structural study was to determine whether chronic chlorpromazine treatment affects adult neurogenesis in the canonical sites of the rat brain. At present, the clinical application of chlorpromazine is rather limited; however, it may still represent an important model in basic neuropharmacological and toxicological studies. Methods The number of neural progenitors and immature neurons was enumerated using immunofluorescent detection of Sox2, Musashi1 and doublecortin (DCX) expression within SVZ. Results Chlorpromazine has a depressive effect on the early phase of adult neurogenesis in the rat subventricular zone (SVZ), as the mean number of Sox-2 immunoexpressing cells decreased following treatment. Conclusion Collectively, these results may suggest that long-term treatment with chlorpromazine may decrease neurogenic stem/progenitor cell formation in the rat SVZ and may affect rostral migratory stream formation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43440-021-00259-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Skałbania
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Iwona Błaszczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Krzystanek
- Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Ziołowa 45/47, 40-635, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karina Paola Tulcanaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076, 170143, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Kinga Mordecka-Chamera
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
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11
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Dopamine Receptors and the Kidney: An Overview of Health- and Pharmacological-Targeted Implications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020254. [PMID: 33578816 PMCID: PMC7916607 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system can adapt to the different physiological or pathological situations to which the kidneys are subjected throughout life, maintaining homeostasis of natriuresis, extracellular volume, and blood pressure levels. The role of renal dopamine receptor dysfunction is clearly established in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Its associations with other pathological states such as insulin resistance and redox balance have also been associated with dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. The different dopamine receptors (D1-D5) show a protective effect against hypertension and kidney disorders. It is essential to take into account the various interactions of the dopaminergic system with other elements, such as adrenergic receptors. The approach to therapeutic strategies for essential hypertension must go through the blocking of those elements that lead to renal vasoconstriction or the restoration of the normal functioning of dopamine receptors. D1-like receptors are fundamental in this role, and new therapeutic efforts should be directed to the restoration of their functioning in many patients. More studies will be needed to allow the development of drugs that can be targeted to renal dopamine receptors in the treatment of hypertension.
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Cleal M, Fontana BD, Double M, Mezabrovschi R, Parcell L, Redhead E, Parker MO. Dopaminergic modulation of working memory and cognitive flexibility in a zebrafish model of aging-related cognitive decline. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 102:1-16. [PMID: 33676049 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with a decline in memory and executive function, which have both been linked with aberrant dopaminergic signaling. We examined the relationship between cognitive performance and dopamine function of young and aging zebrafish (Danio rerio). We revealed age-related decreases in working memory and cognitive flexibility in the Free-Movement Pattern (FMP) Y-maze. An increase in drd5 gene expression in aging adults coincided with a decrease in cognitive performance. Treatment with a D1/D5 receptor agonist (SKF-38393, 35 µM) 30 minutes prior to behavioral assessment resulted in improved working memory in aging zebrafish, but no effect in younger adults. However, an "overdosing" effect caused by agonist treatment resulted in downregulation of dat expression in 6-month old, treated zebrafish. The translational relevance of these findings was tested in humans by analyzing exploratory behavior in young-adult, 18-35-year olds, and aged adults, 70+ year olds, in a virtual FMP Y-maze. Our findings revealed similar age-related decline in working memory. Thus, strongly supporting zebrafish as a translational model of aging and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Cleal
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK.
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Molly Double
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Roxana Mezabrovschi
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Leah Parcell
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Matthew O Parker
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, USA.
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13
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Ranganayaki S, Jamshidi N, Aiyaz M, Rashmi SK, Gayathri N, Harsha PK, Padmanabhan B, Srinivas Bharath MM. Inhibition of mitochondrial complex II in neuronal cells triggers unique pathways culminating in autophagy with implications for neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1483. [PMID: 33452321 PMCID: PMC7810707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration underlie movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and Manganism among others. As a corollary, inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) by toxins 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) respectively, induced degenerative changes noted in such neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to unravel the down-stream pathways associated with CII inhibition and compared with CI inhibition and the Manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity. Genome-wide transcriptomics of N27 neuronal cells exposed to 3-NPA, compared with MPP+ and Mn revealed varied transcriptomic profile. Along with mitochondrial and synaptic pathways, Autophagy was the predominant pathway differentially regulated in the 3-NPA model with implications for neuronal survival. This pathway was unique to 3-NPA, as substantiated by in silico modelling of the three toxins. Morphological and biochemical validation of autophagy markers in the cell model of 3-NPA revealed incomplete autophagy mediated by mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 (mTORC2) pathway. Interestingly, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which was elevated in the 3-NPA model could confer neuroprotection against 3-NPA. We propose that, different downstream events are activated upon neurotoxin-dependent CII inhibition compared to other neurotoxins, with implications for movement disorders and regulation of autophagy could potentially offer neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayanan Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Neema Jamshidi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mohamad Aiyaz
- Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd., 2/13, Balaji Complex, 80 feet Road, RMV 2nd Stage, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560094, India
| | - Santhosh-Kumar Rashmi
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Narayanappa Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Pulleri Kandi Harsha
- Department of Neurovirology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | | | - Muchukunte Mukunda Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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14
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Sampedro-Piquero P, Moreno-Fernández R. Building Resilience with Aerobic Exercise: Role of FKBP5. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:1156-1160. [PMID: 33829973 PMCID: PMC8719288 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210408124937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both preclinical and clinical studies have pointed that aerobic exercise, at moderate doses, is beneficial at all stages of life by promoting a range of physiological and neuroplastic adaptations that reduce the anxiety response. Previous research about this topic has repeatedly described how the regular practice of aerobic exercise induces a positive regulation of neuroplasticity and neurogenesis-related genes, as well as a better control of the HPA axis function. However, limited progress has been carried out in the integration of neuroendocrine and neuroplastic changes, as well as in introducing new factors to understand how aerobic exercise can promote resilience to future stressful conditions. Resilience is defined as the ability to adapt to stress while maintaining healthy mental and physical performance. Consistent findings point to an important role of FKBP5, the gene expressing FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), as a strong inhibitor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and thus, an important regulator of the stress response. We propose that aerobic exercise could contribute to modulate FKBP5 activity acting as a potential therapeutic approach for mood disorders. In this sense, aerobic exercise is well known for increasing the growth factor BDNF, which by downstream pathways could affect the FKBP5 activity. Therefore, our manuscript has the aim of analyzing how FKBP5 could constitute a promising target of aerobic exercise promoting resilient-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Sampedro-Piquero
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Oviedo. Plaza Feijoo s/n 33003, Oviedo, Spain; E-mails: ;
| | - R.D. Moreno-Fernández
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Oviedo. Plaza Feijoo s/n 33003, Oviedo, Spain; E-mails: ;
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15
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Minutillo A, Panza G, Mauri MC. Musical practice and BDNF plasma levels as a potential marker of synaptic plasticity: an instrument of rehabilitative processes. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1861-1867. [PMID: 32940801 PMCID: PMC8043880 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of musical practice on brain plasticity. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a neurotrophin involved in neuroplasticity and synaptic function. Materials and methods We recruited 48 healthy subjects of equal age and sex (21 musicians and 27 non-musicians). All subjects were administered the AQ (Autism-Spectrum Questionnaire) and plasma levels (PLs) of BDNF, oxytocin (OT), and vasopressin (VP) were measured in the blood sample of every participant. Results. The difference between BDNF PLs in the two groups was found to be statistically significant (t = − 2.214, p = 0.03). Furthermore, oxytocin (OT) PLs and musical practice were found to be independent positive predictors of BDNF PLs (p < 0.04). We also found a negative correlation between BDNF PLs and AD (attention to detail) sub-scale score of AQ throughout the whole sample. Assuming BDNF PLs to be a marker of synaptic plasticity, higher PLs could be associated with the activation of alternative neural pathways: a lower score in the “attention to detail” sub-scale could imply greater flexibility of higher cerebral functions among musicians. Further researches should be conducted to assess the rehabilitative usefulness of these findings among patients affected by psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Minutillo
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Panza
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Carlo Mauri
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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16
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The early overgrowth theory of autism spectrum disorder: Insight into convergent mechanisms from valproic acid exposure and translational models. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020. [PMID: 32711813 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of new approaches for the clinical management of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can only be realized through a better understanding of the neurobiological changes associated with ASD. One strategy for gaining deeper insight into the neurobiological mechanisms associated with ASD is to identify converging pathogenic processes associated with human idiopathic clinicopathology that are conserved in translational models of ASD. In this chapter, we first present the early overgrowth theory of ASD. Second, we introduce valproic acid (VPA), one of the most robust and well-known environmental risk factors associated with ASD, and we summarize the rapidly growing body of animal research literature using VPA as an ASD translational model. Lastly, we will detail the mechanisms of action of VPA and its impact on functional neural systems, as well as discuss future research directions that could have a lasting impact on the field.
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17
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Hasbi A, Nguyen T, Rahal H, Manduca JD, Miksys S, Tyndale RF, Madras BK, Perreault ML, George SR. Sex difference in dopamine D1-D2 receptor complex expression and signaling affects depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:8. [PMID: 32087746 PMCID: PMC7035642 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are more common among females than males and represent a leading cause of disease-related disability in women. Since the dopamine D1-D2 heteromer is involved in depression- and anxiety-like behavior, the possibility that the receptor complex may have a role in mediating sex differences in such behaviors and related biochemical signaling was explored. In non-human primate caudate nucleus and in rat striatum, females expressed higher density of D1-D2 heteromer complexes and a greater number of D1-D2 expressing neurons compared to males. In rat, the sex difference in D1-D2 expression levels occurred even though D1 receptor expression was lower in female than in male with no difference in D2 receptor expression. In behavioral tests, female rats showed faster latency to depressive-like behavior and a greater susceptibility to the pro-depressive and anxiogenic-like effects of D1-D2 heteromer activation by low doses of SKF 83959, all of which were ameliorated by the selective heteromer disrupting peptide, TAT-D1. The sex difference observed in the anxiety test correlated with differences in low-frequency delta and theta oscillations in the nucleus accumbens. Analysis of signaling pathways revealed that the sex difference in D1-D2 heteromer expression led to differences in basal and heteromer-stimulated activities of two important signaling pathways, BDNF/TrkB and Akt/GSK3/β-catenin. These results suggest that the higher D1-D2 heteromer expression in female may significantly increase predisposition to depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior in female animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hasbi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Tuan Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haneen Rahal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua D Manduca
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sharon Miksys
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel F Tyndale
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bertha K Madras
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,McLean Hospital, Belmont, USA
| | | | - Susan R George
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Castello J, Cortés M, Malave L, Kottmann A, Sibley DR, Friedman E, Rebholz H. The Dopamine D5 receptor contributes to activation of cholinergic interneurons during L-DOPA induced dyskinesia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2542. [PMID: 32054879 PMCID: PMC7018760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) is a Gαs-coupled dopamine receptor belonging to the dopamine D1-like receptor family. Together with the dopamine D2 receptor it is highly expressed in striatal cholinergic interneurons and therefore is poised to be a positive regulator of cholinergic activity in response to L-DOPA in the dopamine-depleted parkinsonian brain. Tonically active cholinergic interneurons become dysregulated during chronic L-DOPA administration and participate in the expression of L-DOPA induced dyskinesia. The molecular mechanisms involved in this process have not been elucidated, however a correlation between dyskinesia severity and pERK expression in cholinergic cells has been described. To better understand the function of the D5 receptor and how it affects cholinergic interneurons in L-DOPA induced dyskinesia, we used D5R knockout mice that were rendered parkinsonian by unilateral 6-OHDA injection. In the KO mice, expression of pERK was strongly reduced indicating that activation of these cells is at least in part driven by the D5 receptor. Similarly, pS6, another marker for the activity status of cholinergic interneurons was also reduced. However, mice lacking D5R exhibited slightly worsened locomotor performance in response to L-DOPA and enhanced LID scores. Our findings suggest that D5R can modulate L-DOPA induced dyskinesia and is a critical activator of CINs via pERK and pS6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Castello
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, USA
| | - Marisol Cortés
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Malave
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, USA
| | - Andreas Kottmann
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, USA
| | - David R Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, USA
| | - Heike Rebholz
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Université de Paris, 102-108 rue de la Santé, F-75014, Paris, France.
- GHU PARIS psychiatrie et neurosciences, Paris, France.
- Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria.
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19
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Kang J, Wang Y, Wang D. Endurance and resistance training mitigate the negative consequences of depression on synaptic plasticity through different molecular mechanisms. Int J Neurosci 2019; 130:541-550. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1679809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kang
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youhua Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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20
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Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Proia P, Di Liegro I. Physical Activity and Brain Health. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090720. [PMID: 31533339 PMCID: PMC6770965 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has been central in the life of our species for most of its history, and thus shaped our physiology during evolution. However, only recently the health consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, and of highly energetic diets, are becoming clear. It has been also acknowledged that lifestyle and diet can induce epigenetic modifications which modify chromatin structure and gene expression, thus causing even heritable metabolic outcomes. Many studies have shown that PA can reverse at least some of the unwanted effects of sedentary lifestyle, and can also contribute in delaying brain aging and degenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s Disease, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. Most importantly, PA improves cognitive processes and memory, has analgesic and antidepressant effects, and even induces a sense of wellbeing, giving strength to the ancient principle of “mens sana in corpore sano” (i.e., a sound mind in a sound body). In this review we will discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of PA on brain health, focusing on hormones, neurotrophins, and neurotransmitters, the release of which is modulated by PA, as well as on the intra- and extra-cellular pathways that regulate the expression of some of the genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Proia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement (Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche, dell'Esercizio fisico e della Formazione), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
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21
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The effects of proteasome on baseline and methamphetamine-dependent dopamine transmission. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Centella asiatica Prevents Increase of Hippocampal Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Independently of Its Effect on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Rat Model of Chronic Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2649281. [PMID: 30956976 PMCID: PMC6431365 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2649281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Centella asiatica ameliorates memory impairment and induces expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in chronically stressed rats. The relationship between the anti-inflammatory effect of Centella asiatica on hippocampal BDNF and the involvement of sirtuin-1, a BDNF expression regulator, in neuroprotective mechanisms of Centella asiatica warrants an investigation. We investigated the effect of Centella asiatica ethanolic extracts (CA) on TNF-α, IL-10, and SIRT1 levels and whether these predicted BDNF expression in rat hippocampus after chronic stress. For the experiments, thirty male rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into six groups: nonstressed-control, stressed-control, nonstressed +CA 300mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 150 mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 300 mg/kg/d, and stressed +CA 600 mg/kg/d. On day 28, rats were sacrificed and hippocampus was dissected out. Hippocampal TNF-α, IL-10, SIRT1, and BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hippocampal TNF-α level was significantly higher in the stressed-control compared to nonstressed-control groups. Across all stress conditions, rats receiving the highest dose of CA had the lowest mean TNF-α and highest mean BDNF. There were no significant differences in IL-10 and SIRT1 levels between groups. Hippocampal TNF-α did not predict hippocampal BDNF in a regression analysis. In conclusion, lower TNF-α and higher BDNF in the hippocampus support the hypothesis that these factors independently contribute to Centella asiatica's neuroprotective effect in chronically stressed rats.
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23
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Ryu S, Jeon H, Koo S, Kim S. Korean Red Ginseng Enhances Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Treated Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:355. [PMID: 30459594 PMCID: PMC6232267 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of adult neurogenesis plays an important role in therapeutic strategies for various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have suggested that the enhancement of adult neurogenesis can be helpful in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we investigated whether Korean red ginseng (KRG) can enhance neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of a PD mouse model. To accomplish this, male 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were injected with vehicle or 20 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) four times at 2 h intervals. After the final injection, they were administered water or 100 mg/kg of KRG extract and injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of 5’-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine-monophosphate (BrdU) once a day for 14 consecutive days. After the last pole test, dopaminergic neuronal survival in the striatum and the substantia nigra (SN), cell proliferation in the SVZ and mRNA expression of neurotrophic factors and dopamine receptors in the striatum were evaluated. KRG administration suppressed dopaminergic neuronal death induced by MPTP in the striatum as well as the SN, augmented the number of BrdU- and BrdU/doublecortin (Dcx)-positive cells in the SVZ and enhanced the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) and D5 mRNAs. These results suggest that KRG administration augments neurogenesis in the SVZ of the PD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ryu
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
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24
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Qiao X, Gai H, Su R, Deji C, Cui J, Lai J, Zhu Y. PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-CREB signaling pathway regulates anxiety-like behavior in rats following alcohol withdrawal. J Affect Disord 2018; 235:96-104. [PMID: 29655081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse and anxiety disorders often occur concurrently, but their underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Neuroadaptation within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have been implicated in the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol drinking behavior and withdrawal. METHODS A chronic alcohol exposure rat model (35 consecutive days of 10% alcohol intake and 48 h of withdrawal) was established, then, wortmannin (0.5 µg/side) was injected bilaterally into the mPFC. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) were used to assess anxiety-like behavior. Western blot assays were used to assess protein levels. RESULTS We found that anxiety-like behavior peaked approximately 6 h after alcohol withdrawal. However, wortmannin greatly decreased alcohol intake and attenuated anxiety-like behavior in the alcohol exposure rats. Moreover, the PI3K-AKT-GSK3β signaling pathway was activated after alcohol withdrawal, and phosphorylation of the downstream cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was increased. Wortmannin uniformly reversed PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-CREB pathway phosphorylation. LIMITATIONS The downstream GSK3β activity was not intervened and a single dose level of wortmannin was used. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that activating the PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-CREB pathway in the mPFC is an important contributor to the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol withdrawal. PI3K signaling pathway inhibitors are thus potential candidates for treating alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Qiao
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Haiyun Gai
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Cuola Deji
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jianghua Lai
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Smith MA, Fronk GE, Abel JM, Lacy RT, Bills SE, Lynch WJ. Resistance exercise decreases heroin self-administration and alters gene expression in the nucleus accumbens of heroin-exposed rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1245-1255. [PMID: 29396617 PMCID: PMC5871570 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Preclinical studies consistently report that aerobic exercise decreases drug self-administration and other forms of drug-seeking behavior; however, relatively few studies have examined other types of physical activity. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of resistance exercise (i.e., strength training) on heroin self-administration and mRNA expression of genes known to mediate opioid reinforcement and addictive behavior in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of heroin-exposed rats. METHODS Female rats were obtained during late adolescence and divided into two groups. Resistance exercise rats were trained to climb a vertical ladder wearing a weighted vest; sedentary control rats were placed repeatedly on the ladder oriented horizontally on its side. All rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and trained to self-administer heroin on a fixed ratio (FR1) schedule of reinforcement. mRNA expression in the NAc core and shell was examined following behavioral testing. RESULTS Resistance exercise significantly decreased heroin self-administration, resulting in a downward shift in the dose-effect curve. Resistance exercise also reduced mRNA expression for mu opioid receptors and dopamine D1, D2, and D3 receptors in the NAc core. Resistance exercise increased mRNA expression of dopamine D5 receptors in the NAc shell and increased mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (exons I, IIB, IIC, IV, VI, IX) in the NAc core. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that resistance exercise decreases the positive reinforcing effects of heroin and produces changes in opioid and dopamine systems in the NAc of heroin-exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Smith
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA.
| | - Gaylen E Fronk
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA
| | - Jean M Abel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ryan T Lacy
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Bills
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA
| | - Wendy J Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Miller RM, Marriott D, Trotter J, Hammond T, Lyman D, Call T, Walker B, Christensen N, Haynie D, Badura Z, Homan M, Edwards JG. Running exercise mitigates the negative consequences of chronic stress on dorsal hippocampal long-term potentiation in male mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 149:28-38. [PMID: 29408274 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the hippocampus, learning and memory are likely mediated by synaptic plasticity, known as long-term potentiation (LTP). While chronic intermittent stress is negatively correlated, and exercise positively correlated to LTP induction, we examined whether exercise could mitigate the negative consequences of stress on LTP when co-occurring with stress. Mice were divided into four groups: sedentary no stress, exercise no stress, exercise with stress, and sedentary with stress. Field electrophysiology performed on brain slices confirmed that stress alone significantly reduced dorsal CA1 hippocampal LTP and exercise alone increased LTP compared to controls. Exercise with stress mice exhibited LTP that was significantly greater than mice undergoing stress alone but were not different from sedentary no stress mice. An ELISA illustrated increased corticosterone in stressed mice compared to no stress mice. In addition, a radial arm maze was used to examine behavioral changes in memory during 6 weeks of stress and/or exercise. Exercised mice groups made fewer errors in week 2. RT-qPCR was used to examine the mRNA expression of components in the stress and exercise pathways in the four groups. Significant changes in the expression of the following targets were detected: BDNF, TrkB, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and dopamine 5 receptors. Collectively, exercise can mitigate some of the negative impact stress has on hippocampal function when both occur concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne M Miller
- Brigham Young University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - David Marriott
- Brigham Young University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jacob Trotter
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Tyler Hammond
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Dane Lyman
- Brigham Young University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Timothy Call
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Bethany Walker
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Deson Haynie
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Zoie Badura
- Brigham Young University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Morgan Homan
- Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Edwards
- Brigham Young University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Brigham Young University, Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Unpredictable chronic mild stress differentially impairs social and contextual discrimination learning in two inbred mouse strains. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188537. [PMID: 29166674 PMCID: PMC5699833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the social and cognitive domain are considered important indicators for increased disability in many stress-related disorders. Similar impairments have been observed in rodents chronically exposed to stress, mimicking potential endophenotypes of stress-related psychopathologies such as major depression disorder (MDD), anxiety, conduct disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data from numerous studies suggest that deficient plasticity mechanisms in hippocampus (HC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) might underlie these social and cognitive deficits. Specifically, stress-induced deficiencies in neural plasticity have been associated with a hypodopaminergic state and reduced neural plasticity persistence. Here we assessed the effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) on exploratory, social and cognitive behavior of females of two inbred mouse strains (C57BL/6J and DBA/2J) that differ in their dopaminergic profile. Exposure to chronic stress resulted in impaired circadian rhythmicity, sociability and social cognition in both inbred strains, but differentially affected activity patterns and contextual discrimination performance. These stress-induced behavioral impairments were accompanied by reduced expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the prefrontal cortex. The strain-specific cognitive impairment was coexistent with enhanced plasma corticosterone levels and reduced expression of genes related to dopamine signaling in hippocampus. These results underline the importance of assessing different strains with multiple test batteries to elucidate the neural and genetic basis of social and cognitive impairments related to chronic stress.
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Castillo Díaz F, Kramar CP, Hernandez MA, Medina JH. Activation of D1/5 Dopamine Receptors in the Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex Promotes Incubated-Like Aversive Responses. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:209. [PMID: 29163081 PMCID: PMC5674926 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that neurons of the mammalian medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) modulate different behavioral outputs, including several memory types. This behavioral modulation is, at least in part, under the control of the D1-like Dopamine (DA) receptor (D1/5R) which comprises D1 and D5-specific subtypes (D1R and D5R, respectively). Here, combining a set of behavioral assays with pharmacology, we determined whether the activation of D1/5R in the mPFC during almost neutral or weak negative-valence experiences induces aversive behaviors. The intra mPFC bilateral infusion of the D1/5R agonist SKF 38393 (6.25 μg/side) immediately after exposing rats to the white compartment of a place conditioning apparatus promotes a incubated-like aversive memory when tested 7 days thereafter, but it was not seen 24 h after conditioning. No signs of fear or changes in the anxiety state were observed after the exposure to the white compartment. This aversive response is observed only when the experience paired with the mPFC D1/5R activation has a context component involved. By using specific agonists for D1R or D5R subtypes we suggest that D5R mediate the induction of the aversive behavior. No aversive effects were observed when the D1/5R agonist was infused into the dorsal hippocampus (HP), the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) or the basolateral amygdala (BLA) of rats exposed to the white compartment. Taken together, our present findings endorse the idea that activation of mPFC D1/5R is sufficient to induce incubated-like aversive memories after exposing rats to an apparent neutral or weak negative-valence environment and that mPFC might be considered a key brain region involved in providing adaptive emotional behaviors in response to an ever-changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Castillo Díaz
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia P Kramar
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela A Hernandez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge H Medina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología Facultad de Medicina, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Carr GV, Maltese F, Sibley DR, Weinberger DR, Papaleo F. The Dopamine D5 Receptor Is Involved in Working Memory. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:666. [PMID: 29056909 PMCID: PMC5635435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological studies indicate that dopamine D1-like receptors (D1 and D5) are critically involved in cognitive function. However, the lack of pharmacological ligands selective for either the D1 or D5 receptors has made it difficult to determine the unique contributions of the D1-like family members. To circumvent these pharmacological limitations, we used D5 receptor homozygous (-/-) and heterozygous (+/-) knockout mice, to identify the specific role of this receptor in higher order cognitive functions. We identified a novel role for D5 receptors in the regulation of spatial working memory and temporal order memory function. The D5 mutant mice acquired a discrete paired-trial variable-delay T-maze task at normal rates. However, both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] mice exhibited impaired performance compared to [Formula: see text] littermates when a higher burden on working memory faculties was imposed. In a temporal order object recognition task, [Formula: see text] exhibited significant memory deficits. No D5-dependent differences in locomotor functions and interest in exploring objects were evident. Molecular biomarkers of dopaminergic functions within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) revealed a selective gene-dose effect on Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 with increased levels in [Formula: see text] knockout mice. A trend toward reduced levels in CaMKKbeta brain-specific band (64 kDa) in [Formula: see text] compared to [Formula: see text] was also evident. These findings highlight a previously unidentified role for D5 receptors in working memory function and associated molecular signatures within the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory V Carr
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Federica Maltese
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - David R Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neurology, and Neuroscience, The McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
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30
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Helbing C, Tischmeyer W, Angenstein F. Late effect of dopamine D 1/5 receptor activation on stimulus-induced BOLD responses in the hippocampus and its target regions depends on the history of previous stimulations. Neuroimage 2017; 152:119-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Chen C, Nakagawa S, An Y, Ito K, Kitaichi Y, Kusumi I. The exercise-glucocorticoid paradox: How exercise is beneficial to cognition, mood, and the brain while increasing glucocorticoid levels. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 44:83-102. [PMID: 27956050 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on cognition, mood, and the brain. However, exercise also activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and increases levels of the glucocorticoid cortisol (CORT). CORT, also known as the "stress hormone," is considered a mediator between chronic stress and depression and to link various cognitive deficits. Here, we review the evidence that shows that while both chronic stress and exercise elevate basal CORT levels leading to increased secretion of CORT, the former is detrimental to cognition/memory, mood/stress coping, and brain plasticity, while the latter is beneficial. We propose three preliminary answers to the exercise-CORT paradox. Importantly, the elevated CORT, through glucocorticoid receptors, functions to elevate dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex under chronic exercise but not chronic stress, and the medial prefrontal dopamine is essential for active coping. Future inquiries may provide further insights to promote our understanding of this paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shin Nakagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Yan An
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Koki Ito
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuji Kitaichi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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32
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Shen MYF, Perreault ML, Bambico FR, Jones-Tabah J, Cheung M, Fan T, Nobrega JN, George SR. Rapid anti-depressant and anxiolytic actions following dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer inactivation. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:2437-48. [PMID: 26431907 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A role for the mesolimbic dopaminergic system in the pathophysiology of depression has become increasingly evident. Specifically, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to be elevated in the nucleus accumbens of depressed patients and to positively contribute to depression-like behaviour in rodents. The dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer exhibits significant expression in NAc and has also been shown to enhance BDNF expression and signalling in this region. We therefore examined the effects of D1-D2 heteromer stimulation in rats by SKF 83959, or its inactivation by a selective heteromer-disrupting TAT-D1 peptide on depression- and anxiety-like behaviours in non-stressed animals and in animals exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. SKF 83959 treatment significantly enhanced the latency to immobility in the forced swim test, increased the latency to drink condensed milk and reduced total milk consumption in the novelty-induced hypophagia test, and additionally reduced the total time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus maze test. These pro-depressant and anxiogenic effects of SKF 83959 were consistently abolished or attenuated by TAT-D1 peptide pre-treatment, signifying the behaviours were mediated by the D1-D2 heteromer. More importantly, in animals exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), TAT-D1 peptide treatment alone induced significant and rapid anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in two tests for CUS-induced anhedonia-like reactivity and in the novelty-suppressed feeding test. Together these findings indicate a positive role for the D1-D2 heteromer in mediating depression- and anxiety-like behaviours and suggest its possible value as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Y F Shen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francis R Bambico
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jace Jones-Tabah
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Cheung
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theresa Fan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - José N Nobrega
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
The variety of physiological functions controlled by dopamine in the brain and periphery is mediated by the D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 dopamine GPCRs. Drugs acting on dopamine receptors are significant tools for the management of several neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and Parkinson's disease. Recent investigations of dopamine receptor signalling have shown that dopamine receptors, apart from their canonical action on cAMP-mediated signalling, can regulate a myriad of cellular responses to fine-tune the expression of dopamine-associated behaviours and functions. Such signalling mechanisms may involve alternate G protein coupling or non-G protein mechanisms involving ion channels, receptor tyrosine kinases or proteins such as β-arrestins that are classically involved in GPCR desensitization. Another level of complexity is the growing appreciation of the physiological roles played by dopamine receptor heteromers. Applications of new in vivo techniques have significantly furthered the understanding of the physiological functions played by dopamine receptors. Here we provide an update of the current knowledge regarding the complex biology, signalling, physiology and pharmacology of dopamine receptors.
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Jiang B, Wang F, Yang S, Fang P, Deng ZF, Xiao JL, Hu ZL, Chen JG. SKF83959 produces antidepressant effects in a chronic social defeat stress model of depression through BDNF-TrkB pathway. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 18:pyu096. [PMID: 25522427 PMCID: PMC4438541 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyu096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SKF83959 stimulates the phospholipase Cβ/inositol phosphate 3 pathway, resulting in the activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα, which affects the synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a neurotrophic factor critical for the pathophysiology of depression. Previous reports showed that SKF83959 elicited antidepressant activity in the forced swim test and tail suspension test as a novel triple reuptake inhibitor. However, there are no studies showing the effects of SKF83959 in a chronic stress model of depression and the role of phospholipase C/inositol phosphate 3/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα/brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathway in SKF83959-mediated antidepressant effects. METHODS In this study, SKF83959 was firstly investigated in the chronic social defeat stress model of depression. The changes in hippocampal neurogenesis, dendrite spine density, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway after chronic social defeat stress and SKF83959 treatment were then investigated. Pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA/short hairpin RNA methods were further used to explore the antidepressive mechanisms of SKF83959. RESULTS We found that SKF83959 produced antidepressant effects in the chronic social defeat stress model and also restored the chronic social defeat stress-induced decrease in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway, dendritic spine density, and neurogenesis. By using various inhibitors and siRNA/shRNA methods, we further demonstrated that the hippocampal dopamine D5 receptor, phospholipase C/inositol phosphate 3/ calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα pathway, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor system are all necessary for the SKF83959 effects. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SKF83959 can be developed as a novel antidepressant and produces antidepressant effects via the hippocampal D5/ phospholipase C/inositol phosphate 3/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα/brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Drs Jiang, Wang, Yang, Fang, Deng, Xiao, and Chen); Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China (Drs Wang, Hu, and Chen); The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China (Drs Wang, Hu, and Chen); The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Drs Wang and Chen).
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35
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Shen MYF, Perreault ML, Fan T, George SR. The dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer exerts a tonic inhibitory effect on the expression of amphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 128:33-40. [PMID: 25444866 PMCID: PMC4460003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A role for the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer in the regulation of reward and addiction-related processes has been previously implicated. In the present study, we examined the effects of D1-D2 heteromer stimulation by the agonist SKF 83959 and its disruption by a selective TAT-D1 peptide on amphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization, a behavioral model widely used to study the neuroadaptations associated with psychostimulant addiction. D1-D2 heteromer activation by SKF 83959 did not alter the acute locomotor effects of amphetamine but significantly inhibited amphetamine-induced locomotor responding across the 5day treatment regimen. In addition, a single injection of SKF 83959 was sufficient to abolish the expression of locomotor sensitization induced by a priming injection of amphetamine after a 72-hour withdrawal. Conversely, inhibition of D1-D2 heteromer activity by the TAT-D1 peptide enhanced subchronic amphetamine-induced locomotion and the expression of amphetamine locomotor sensitization. Treatment solely with the TAT-D1 disrupting peptide during the initial 5day treatment phase was sufficient to induce a sensitized locomotor phenotype in response to the priming injection of amphetamine. Together these findings demonstrate that the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer exerts a tonic inhibitory control on neurobiological processes involved in sensitization to amphetamine, indicating that the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer may be a novel molecular substrate in addiction processes involving psychostimulants.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/analogs & derivatives
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Amphetamine/pharmacology
- Amphetamine-Related Disorders/physiopathology
- Amphetamine-Related Disorders/psychology
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology
- Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Male
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Motor Activity/physiology
- Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry
- Multiprotein Complexes/physiology
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/chemistry
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/chemistry
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/physiology
- Reward
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Y F Shen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theresa Fan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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36
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Perreault ML, Shen MYF, Fan T, George SR. Regulation of c-fos expression by the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer. Neuroscience 2014; 285:194-203. [PMID: 25446350 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine D1 and D2 receptors form the D1-D2 receptor heteromer in a subset of neurons and couple to the Gq protein to regulate intracellular calcium signaling. In the present study the effect of D1-D2 heteromer activation and disruption on neuronal activation in the rat brain was mapped. This was accomplished using the dopamine agonist SKF 83959 to activate the D1-D2 heteromer in combination with a TAT-D1 disrupting peptide we developed, and which has been shown to disrupt the D1/D2 receptor interaction and antagonize D1-D2 heteromer-induced cell signaling and behavior. Acute SKF 83959 administration to rats induced significant c-fos expression in the nucleus accumbens that was significantly inhibited by TAT-D1 pretreatment. No effects of SKF 83959 were seen in caudate putamen. D1-D2 heteromer disruption by TAT-D1 did not have any effects in any striatal subregions, but induced significant c-fos immunoreactivity in a number of cortical regions including the orbitofrontal cortex, prelimbic and infralimbic cortices and piriform cortex. The induction of c-fos by TAT-D1 was also evident in the anterior olfactory nucleus, as well as the lateral habenula and thalamic nuclei. These findings show for the first time that the D1-D2 heteromer can differentially regulate c-fos expression in a region-dependent manner either through its activation or through tonic inhibition of neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Perreault
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Y F Shen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Fan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Hasbi A, Perreault ML, Shen MYF, Zhang L, To R, Fan T, Nguyen T, Ji X, O'Dowd BF, George SR. A peptide targeting an interaction interface disrupts the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer to block signaling and function in vitro and in vivo: effective selective antagonism. FASEB J 2014; 28:4806-20. [PMID: 25063849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-254037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer has emerging physiological relevance and a postulated role in different neuropsychiatric disorders, such as drug addiction, depression, and schizophrenia, there is a need for pharmacological tools that selectively target such receptor complexes in order to analyze their biological and pathophysiological functions. Since no selective antagonists for the D1-D2 heteromer are available, serial deletions and point mutations were used to precisely identify the amino acids involved in an interaction interface between the receptors, residing within the carboxyl tail of the D1 receptor that interacted with the D2 receptor to form the D1-D2 receptor heteromer. It was determined that D1 receptor carboxyl tail residues (404)Glu and (405)Glu were critical in mediating the interaction with the D2 receptor. Isolated mutation of these residues in the D1 receptor resulted in the loss of agonist activation of the calcium signaling pathway mediated through the D1-D2 receptor heteromer. The physical interaction between the D1 and D2 receptor could be disrupted, as shown by coimmunoprecipitation and BRET analysis, by a small peptide generated from the D1 receptor sequence that contained these amino acids, leading to a switch in G-protein affinities and loss of calcium signaling, resulting in the inhibition of D1-D2 heteromer function. The use of the D1-D2 heteromer-disrupting peptide in vivo revealed a pathophysiological role for the D1-D2 heteromer in the modulation of behavioral despair. This peptide may represent a novel pharmacological tool with potential therapeutic benefits in depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hasbi
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Maurice Y F Shen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | | | - Ryan To
- Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Theresa Fan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Tuan Nguyen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | | | - Brian F O'Dowd
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Susan R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Viola TW, Tractenberg SG, Levandowski ML, Pezzi JC, Bauer ME, Teixeira AL, Grassi-Oliveira R. Neurotrophic factors in women with crack cocaine dependence during early abstinence: the role of early life stress. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2014; 39:206-14. [PMID: 24331739 PMCID: PMC3997606 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.130027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophic factors have been investigated in the pathophysiology of alcohol and drug dependence and have been related to early life stress driving developmental programming of neuroendocrine systems. METHODS We conducted a follow-up study that aimed to assess the plasma levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT4/5) in crack users during 3 weeks of early abstinence in comparison with healthy controls. We performed a comprehensive clinical assessment in female inpatients with crack cocaine dependence (separated into 2 groups: participants with (CSA+) and without (CSA-) a history of childhood sexual abuse) and a group of nonuser control participants. RESULTS Our sample included 104 women with crack cocaine dependence and 22 controls; of the women who used crack cocaine, 22 had a history of childhood sexual abuse and 82 did not. The GDNF plasma levels in the CSA+ group increased dramatically during 3 weeks of detoxification. In contrast, those in the CSA- group showed lower and stable levels of GDNF under the same conditions. Compared with the control group, BDNF plasma levels remained elevated and NGF levels were reduced during early abstinence. We found no differences in NT3 and NT4/5 between the patients and controls. However, within-group analyses showed that the CSA+ group exhibited higher levels of NT4/5 than the CSA- group at the end of detoxification. LIMITATIONS Some of the participants were using neuroleptics, mood stabilizers or antidepressants; our sample included only women; memory bias could not be controlled; and we did not investigate the possible confounding effects of other forms of stress during childhood. CONCLUSION This study supports the association between early life stress and peripheral neurotrophic factor levels in crack cocaine users. During early abstinence, plasmastic GDNF and NT4/5 were the only factors to show changes associated with a history of childhood sexual abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Wendt Viola
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gantes Tractenberg
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mateus Luz Levandowski
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Júlio Carlos Pezzi
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antonio Lúcio Teixeira
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Viola, Tractenberg, Levandowski, Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PostGraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pezzi — Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Bauer, Grassi-Oliveira — Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of the Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Teixeira — Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Heteromeric dopamine receptor signaling complexes: emerging neurobiology and disease relevance. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:156-68. [PMID: 23774533 PMCID: PMC3857642 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological modification of dopamine transmission has long been employed as a therapeutic tool in the treatment of many mental health disorders. However, as many of the pharmacotherapies today are not without significant side effects, or they alleviate only a particular subset of symptoms, the identification of novel therapeutic targets is imperative. In light of these challenges, the recognition that dopamine receptors can form heteromers has significantly expanded the range of physiologically relevant signaling complexes as well as potential drug targets. Furthermore, as the physiology and disease relevance of these receptor heteromers is further understood, their ability to exhibit pharmacological and functional properties distinct from their constituent receptors, or modulate the function of endogenous homomeric receptor complexes, may allow for the development of alternate therapeutic strategies and provide new avenues for drug design. In this review, we describe the emerging neurobiology of the known dopamine receptor heteromers, their physiological relevance in brain, and discuss the potential role of these receptor complexes in neuropsychiatric disease. We highlight their value as targets for future drug development and discuss innovative research strategies designed to selectively target these dopamine receptor heteromers in the search for novel and clinically efficacious pharmacotherapies.
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Perreault ML, O'Dowd BF, George SR. Dopamine D1-D2Receptor Heteromer Regulates Signaling Cascades Involved in Addiction: Potential Relevance to Adolescent Drug Susceptibility. Dev Neurosci 2014; 36:287-96. [DOI: 10.1159/000360158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Perreault ML, Fan T, O'Dowd BF, George SR. Enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the nucleus accumbens of juvenile rats. Dev Neurosci 2013; 35:384-95. [PMID: 24021607 DOI: 10.1159/000351026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling through its receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), plays a critical role in neural plasticity and its dysregulation in striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in the etiology of mental health disorders such schizophrenia and drug addiction. In the present study, we characterized age-dependent differences in BDNF signaling and TrkB expression within the nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate putamen (CP) and PFC in rats and determined the effects of administration of the dopamine agonist, SKF 83959, which activates the Gq-coupled dopamine receptors, the dopamine D5 receptor and the D1-D2 receptor heteromer. As proBDNF binds with high affinity to the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), expression levels of these proteins were also assessed. The present findings showed that juvenile rats (aged 26-28 days) exhibited significantly elevated basal BDNF expression and activation of full-length TrkB (TrkBfull) in NAc compared to their adult counterparts, as evidenced by increased TrkBfull phosphorylation. These changes were concomitant with an increase in the relative expression of TrkBfull compared to the truncated isoform, TrkB.T1, in NAc and CP. Conversely, in PFC the basal expression of BDNF in juvenile rats was significantly lower than in adult rats with an elevated relative expression of TrkBfull. Acute administration of SKF 83959 to juvenile rats abolished the age-dependent differences in BDNF expression in NAc and PFC, and in the relative expression of TrkBfull in NAc and CP. Together these findings indicate that the expression and/or signaling of BDNF and TrkB in striatum and PFC of juvenile rats is fundamentally different from that of adult rats, a finding that may have implications in neuropsychiatric disorders that exhibit age-dependent susceptibility such as schizophrenia and drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Perreault
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Departments of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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D5 dopamine receptor decreases NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species and blood pressure via heme oxygenase-1. Hypertens Res 2013; 36:684-90. [PMID: 23425954 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2013.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
D5 dopamine receptor (D5R) knock-out mice (D5(-/-)) have a higher blood pressure (BP) and higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) production than their D5R wild-type littermates (D5(+/+)). We tested the hypothesis that the high BP and increased ROS production in D5(-/-) mice may be caused by decreased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and activity. We found that renal HO-1 protein expression and HO enzyme activity were decreased (65 and 50%, respectively) in D5(-/-) relative to D5(+/+) mice. A 24 h of administration of hemin, an HO-1 inducer, increased HO-1 expression and HO activity (6.8- and 1.9-fold, respectively) and normalized the increased ROS production and BP in D5(-/-) mice. Expression of HO-1 protein and HO activity were increased (2.3- and 1.5-fold, respectively) in HEK cells that heterologously expressed human wild-type D5R (HEK-hD5R), but not the empty vector-transfected HEK-293 cells. Fenoldopam (Fen), a D5R agonist, increased HO activity (3 h), HO-1 protein expression, HO-1 and D5R colocalization and co-immunoprecipitation in HEK-hD5R cells. Cellular NADPH oxidase activity was decreased by 35% in HEK-hD5R that was abrogated with silencing of the heme oxygenase 1 gene (HMOX1). HMOX1 siRNA also impaired the ability of Fen to decrease NADPH oxidase activity in HEK-hD5R cells. In summary, the D5R positively regulates HO-1 through direct protein/protein interaction in the short-term and by increasing HO-1 protein expression in the long-term. The impaired D5R regulation of HO-1 and ROS production contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension in D5(-/-) mice.
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