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Kilpatrick K, Savard I, Audet LA, Costanzo G, Khan M, Atallah R, Jabbour M, Zhou W, Wheeler K, Ladd E, Gray DC, Henderson C, Spies LA, McGrath H, Rogers M. A global perspective of advanced practice nursing research: A review of systematic reviews. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305008. [PMID: 38954675 PMCID: PMC11218965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization (WHO) called for the expansion of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). A clearer understanding of the impact of these roles will inform global priorities for advanced practice nursing education, research, and policy. OBJECTIVE To identify gaps in advanced practice nursing research globally. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of systematic reviews was conducted. We searched CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Healthstar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, DARE, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP, and Web of Science from January 2011 onwards, with no restrictions on jurisdiction or language. Grey literature and hand searches of reference lists were undertaken. Review quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Study selection, data extraction and CASP assessments were done independently by two reviewers. We extracted study characteristics, country and outcome data. Data were summarized using narrative synthesis. RESULTS We screened 5840 articles and retained 117 systematic reviews, representing 38 countries. Most CASP criteria were met. However, study selection by two reviewers was done inconsistently and language and geographical restrictions were applied. We found highly consistent evidence that APN, NP and CNS care was equal or superior to the comparator (e.g., physicians) for 29 indicator categories across a wide range of clinical settings, patient populations and acuity levels. Mixed findings were noted for quality of life, consultations, costs, emergency room visits, and health care service delivery where some studies favoured the control groups. No indicator consistently favoured the control group. There is emerging research related to Artificial Intelligence (AI). CONCLUSION There is a large body of advanced practice nursing research globally, but several WHO regions are underrepresented. Identified research gaps include AI, interprofessional team functioning, workload, and patients and families as partners in healthcare. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021278532.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kilpatrick
- Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Savard
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Li-Anne Audet
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gina Costanzo
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariam Khan
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Renée Atallah
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mira Jabbour
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kathy Wheeler
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Elissa Ladd
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Deborah C. Gray
- School of Nursing, Old Dominion University, Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Colette Henderson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United States of America
| | - Lori A. Spies
- Louise Herrington School of Nursing, Baylor University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Heather McGrath
- St James Public Health Services, Montego Bay, St James, Jamaica
| | - Melanie Rogers
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
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Pessoa E, Ferreira M, Baixinho CL. Telerehabilitation in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:971. [PMID: 38786383 PMCID: PMC11121520 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis requires regular monitoring and intervention by healthcare teams; despite that, adherence to therapeutic measures is less than desired. The evolution of technology has allowed much of the care provided in person to be replaced by a telehealth delivery model, but studies on telerehabilitation are scarce and dispersed. This scoping review aimed to identify which domains of rehabilitation intervention are mediated by information and communication technologies and how they are developed in the provision of care to children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. The data collection was conducted in February and June 2023, following the three steps recommended by the JBI for this type of review: (1) the search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI, and Web of Science; (2) the bibliographic references obtained from the included articles were analysed; and (3) the grey literature was checked. The eligibility criteria were children and adolescents and rehabilitation interventions mediated by information and communication technologies. The five studies included in this review were subjected to analysis, and a narrative synthesis of the results was carried out. The interventions identified included physical exercise programs (60%), management of the therapeutic regimen (40%), and symptom control (40%). The information and communication technologies were web-based platforms, video games, and telephones. The use of telerehabilitation included face-to-face meetings to ensure participants performed the exercises correctly, monitor their response to exercise, and teach them how to avoid risky situations during home workouts. In all studies, exercise sessions were supervised by the participants' parents or caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Pessoa
- Nursing School of Lisbon, 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Mara Ferreira
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Lavareda Baixinho
- Nursing School of Lisbon, 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
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Jenstad LM, Howe T, Breau G, Abel J, Colozzo P, Halas G, Mason G, Rieger C, Simon L, Strachan S. Communication between healthcare providers and communicatively-vulnerable patients with associated health outcomes: A scoping review of knowledge syntheses. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 119:108040. [PMID: 37951163 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Summarize literature on provider-patient communication linked to health outcomes in communicatively-vulnerable patient populations. METHODS Scoping review of reviews: systematically searched six databases. INCLUSION CRITERIA systematic searches and syntheses of literature; one or more providers and communicatively-vulnerable patients; synchronous in-person communication; intermediate or health outcome linked to communication. RESULTS The search yielded 14,615 citations; 47 reviews - with wide range of providers, communication vulnerabilities, communication practices, and health outcomes - met inclusion criteria. Methodology included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed approaches. Quality ranged from very low to high. Six categories of communication practices linked to health outcomes were identified: 1) motivation-based; 2) accommodation of language, culture, gender, sexual identity, and other concordance with the patient; 3) cultural adaptations of interventions; 4) use of interpreters; 5) other provider-patient communication practices; 6) patient communication practices. CONCLUSION Communication practices were studied in a wide range of providers, with common themes regarding best practices. A unique finding is the role of the patient's communication practices. The specificity of communication practices studied is heterogeneous, with many reviews providing insufficient details. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Motivation-based practices and culturally- and linguistically-appropriate care have impacts on patient outcomes across a range of settings with different professions and communicatively-vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorienne M Jenstad
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tami Howe
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Genevieve Breau
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, London SE10 9LS, UK.
| | - Jennifer Abel
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paola Colozzo
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gayle Halas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Glenda Mason
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Caroline Rieger
- Department of Central, Eastern and Northern European Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Leora Simon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shaelyn Strachan
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Koppel PD, Park HYK, Ledbetter LS, Wang EJ, Rink LC, De Gagne JC. Rapport between nurses and adult patients with cancer in ambulatory oncology care settings: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 149:104611. [PMID: 37879272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in oncology is established, a consolidated body of research describing nurse-patient rapport, especially in ambulatory care, is lacking. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to explore knowledge about rapport between adult patients with cancer and their nurses in ambulatory oncology care, including nurse, patient, nurse-patient dyad, and system-level factors that influence rapport. METHODS A scoping review was conducted to explore sources of evidence and gaps in knowledge pertinent to future research. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for Systematic Reviews was used with searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global databases. Experimental, descriptive observational, and qualitative study designs that focused on patients with cancer and their nurses within an ambulatory care setting were included. Results were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. RESULTS The search strategy collected 4538 studies of which 10 met study criteria after screening. Forward and backward citation tracking of included articles resulted in 4 additional studies. In total, 14 studies were extracted and analyzed. Synthesis of results from the individual sources resulted in three key observations: (a) there is an absence of studies that focus directly on nurse-patient rapport; (b) the majority of extracted data on rapport-related factors described aspects of nurses' attitudes; and (c) there was minimal information on patient, nurse-patient dyad, and system-level factors reported in these studies. CONCLUSIONS The lack of studies focused specifically on nurse-patient rapport in oncology ambulatory care indicates a notable gap in our empirical understanding of relationship-based care, a hallmark of cancer care provision. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Nurse-patient rapport in oncology ambulatory care requires additional research @paula_koppel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emily J Wang
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Mrklas KJ, Boyd JM, Shergill S, Merali S, Khan M, Moser C, Nowell L, Goertzen A, Swain L, Pfadenhauer LM, Sibley KM, Vis-Dunbar M, Hill MD, Raffin-Bouchal S, Tonelli M, Graham ID. A scoping review of the globally available tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:139. [PMID: 38129871 PMCID: PMC10740226 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-00958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health research partnership approaches have grown in popularity over the past decade, but the systematic evaluation of their outcomes and impacts has not kept equal pace. Identifying partnership assessment tools and key partnership characteristics is needed to advance partnerships, partnership measurement, and the assessment of their outcomes and impacts through systematic study. OBJECTIVE To locate and identify globally available tools for assessing the outcomes and impacts of health research partnerships. METHODS We searched four electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL + , PsychINFO) with an a priori strategy from inception to June 2021, without limits. We screened studies independently and in duplicate, keeping only those involving a health research partnership and the development, use and/or assessment of tools to evaluate partnership outcomes and impacts. Reviewer disagreements were resolved by consensus. Study, tool and partnership characteristics, and emerging research questions, gaps and key recommendations were synthesized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. RESULTS We screened 36 027 de-duplicated citations, reviewed 2784 papers in full text, and kept 166 studies and three companion reports. Most studies originated in North America and were published in English after 2015. Most of the 205 tools we identified were questionnaires and surveys targeting researchers, patients and public/community members. While tools were comprehensive and usable, most were designed for single use and lacked validity or reliability evidence. Challenges associated with the interchange and definition of terms (i.e., outcomes, impacts, tool type) were common and may obscure partnership measurement and comparison. Very few of the tools identified in this study overlapped with tools identified by other, similar reviews. Partnership tool development, refinement and evaluation, including tool measurement and optimization, are key areas for future tools-related research. CONCLUSION This large scoping review identified numerous, single-use tools that require further development and testing to improve their psychometric and scientific qualities. The review also confirmed that the health partnership research domain and its measurement tools are still nascent and actively evolving. Dedicated efforts and resources are required to better understand health research partnerships, partnership optimization and partnership measurement and evaluation using valid, reliable and practical tools that meet partners' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Mrklas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- Strategic Clinical Networks™, Provincial Clinical Excellence, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Jamie M Boyd
- Knowledge Translation Program, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sumair Shergill
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sera Merali
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Masood Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Cheryl Moser
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lorelli Nowell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amelia Goertzen
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Liam Swain
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Lisa M Pfadenhauer
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, and Epidemiology-IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medicine and Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Office of the Vice-President (Research), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian D Graham
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Schools of Epidemiology and Public Health and Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Velasco Yanez RJ, Carvalho Fernandes AF, Miranda Mattos S, Moreira TMM, Moura Barbosa Castro RC, Corpes EDF, Lopes-Júnior LC. Palliative care in the treatment of women with breast cancer: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068236. [PMID: 37380202 PMCID: PMC10410954 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, breast cancer ranks first among female malignancies; hence, there are strong recommendations for the early inclusion of these patients in palliative care. Palliative care aims to alleviate symptoms improving the quality of life of dying patients, an essential component of breast cancer care. This study aimed to map and synthesise the available evidence on palliative care for women with breast cancer and to discuss the review results with stakeholders. METHODS A scoping review protocol is presented in this article, consisting of two phases. In the first phase, a scoping review study will be conducted adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Nine databases, an electronic repository, a trial register website, grey literature and additional sources will be searched. A focus group discussion with six stakeholders will occur in the second phase. The analysis will be performed through inductive and manifest content analysis using the IRaMuTeQ V.0.7 alpha software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The scoping review protocol did not require ethical approval. However, the study's second phase has been approved by the institutional review board of Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand/MEAC/UFC. The findings will be disseminated through professional networks, conference presentations and publications.
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Lackie K, Hayward K, Ayn C, Stilwell P, Lane J, Andrews C, Dutton T, Ferkol D, Harris J, Houk S, Pendergast N, Persaud D, Thillaye J, Mills J, Grant S, Munroe A. Creating psychological safety in interprofessional simulation for health professional learners: a scoping review of the barriers and enablers. J Interprof Care 2023; 37:187-202. [PMID: 35403551 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2022.2052269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interprofessional simulation-based education (IP-SBE) supports the acquisition of interprofessional collaborative competencies. Psychologically safe environments are necessary to address socio-historical hierarchies and coercive practices that may occur in IP-SBE, facilitating fuller student participation. A scoping review was conducted to understand the barriers and enablers of psychological safety within IP-SBE. Research papers were eligible if they included two or more undergraduate and/or post-graduate students in health/social care qualifications/degrees and discussed barriers and/or enablers of psychological safety within simulation-based education. Sources of evidence included experimental, quasi-experimental, analytical observational, descriptive observational, qualitative, and mixed-methodological peer-reviewed studies. English or English-translated articles, published after January 1, 1990, were included. Data were extracted by two members of the research team. Extraction conflicts were resolved by the principal investigators. In total, 1,653 studies were screened; 1,527 did not meet inclusion criteria. After a full-text review, 99 additional articles were excluded; 27 studies were analyzed. Psychological safety enablers include prebriefing-debriefing by trained facilitators, no-blame culture, and structured evidenced-based simulation designs. Hierarchy among/between professions, fear of making mistakes, and uncertainty were considered barriers. Recognition of barriers and enablers of psychological safety in IP-SBE is an important first step towards creating strategies that support the full participation of students in their acquisition of IPC competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter Stilwell
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University
| | | | | | - Tanya Dutton
- Nova Scotia Rehabilitation & Arthritis Centre, Canada
| | - Doug Ferkol
- Centre for Collaborative Clinical Learning and Research
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shannan Grant
- Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University
| | - Andrew Munroe
- Nova Scotia Rehabilitation & Arthritis Centre, Canada
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Velasco Yanez R, Frota Goyanna N, Carvalho Fernandes A, Moura Barbosa Castro R, Holanda da Cunha G, Silva Ferreira I, Miranda Mattos S, Magalhães Moreira T. Palliative Care in Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2023; 40:351-364. [PMID: 35581537 PMCID: PMC9127630 DOI: 10.1177/10499091221101879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has harmed the provision of palliative care (PC) services for women with breast cancer due to all the restrictions that came along with the virus. OBJECTIVE To map the available evidence on the situation of PC in breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A scoping review was carried out based on the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was conducted in nine databases, one electronic repository, and one library, using controlled vocabularies. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles and seven documents were included. The majority (11.4% each) were published in the United Kingdom, Italy, and the United States, 38.9% addressed palliative radiotherapy (RT), and 47.2% consisted of recommendations. From the content analysis, five categories were obtained focused on the recommendations on changes in palliative treatment guidelines and the response of PC teams to the evolving crisis. CONCLUSIONS The evidence pointed to the management of general PC, palliative RT, palliative chemotherapy, management of metastatic breast cancer, and use of technologies in palliative care. No recommendations were found to manage frequent symptoms in PC, indicating the need to develop primary studies that investigate these aspects in detail in this vulnerable group. IMPLICATIONS The results contained in this document can provide professionals working in this field of care with a global view of how other teams have dealt with the pandemic, thereby identifying the best guidelines to apply in their reality, taking into account the clinical and social situation of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romel Velasco Yanez
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil,Romel Velasco Yanez, Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 1115 Alexandre Baraúna St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60020-181, Brazil.
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Kilpatrick K, Savard I, Audet LA, Kra-Friedman A, Atallah R, Jabbour M, Zhou W, Wheeler K, Ladd E, Gray DC, Henderson C, Spies LA, McGrath H, Rogers M. A global perspective of advanced practice nursing research: A review of systematic reviews protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280726. [PMID: 36693061 PMCID: PMC9873152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2020, the World Health Organization called for the expansion and greater recognition of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), to better meet patient care needs. As defined by the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the two most common APN roles include nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). They help ensure care to communities as well as patients and families with acute, chronic or complex conditions. Moreover, APNs support providers to deliver high quality care and improve access to services. Currently, there is much variability in the use of advanced practice nursing roles globally. A clearer understanding of the roles that are in place across the globe, and how they are being used will support greater role harmonization, and inform global priorities for advanced practice nursing education, research, and policy reform. OBJECTIVE To identify current gaps in advanced practice nursing research globally. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review of systematic reviews will provide a description of the current state of the research, including gaps, on advanced practice nursing globally. We will include reviews that examine APNs, NPs or CNSs using recognized role definitions. We will search the CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, HealthStar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library Database of Systematic Reviews and Controlled Trials Register, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Joanna Briggs Institute, and Web of Science electronic databases for reviews published from January 2011 onwards, with no restrictions on jurisdiction or language. We will search the grey literature and hand search the reference lists of all relevant reviews to identify additional studies. We will extract country, patient, provider, health system, educational, and policy/scope of practice data. We will assess the quality of each included review using the CASP criteria, and summarize their findings. This review of systematic reviews protocol was developed following the PRISMA-P recommendations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021278532.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kilpatrick
- Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Savard
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Li-Anne Audet
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Abby Kra-Friedman
- Henrietta Szold School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
- School of Nursing, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Renée Atallah
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mira Jabbour
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kathy Wheeler
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Elissa Ladd
- School of Nursing, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Deborah C. Gray
- School of Nursing, Old Dominion University, Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Colette Henderson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Lori A. Spies
- Louise Herrington School of Nursing, Baylor University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Heather McGrath
- St James Public Health Services, Montego Bay, St James, Jamaica
| | - Melanie Rogers
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
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Mrklas KJ, Boyd JM, Shergill S, Merali S, Khan M, Nowell L, Goertzen A, Pfadenhauer LM, Paul K, Sibley KM, Swain L, Vis-Dunbar M, Hill MD, Raffin-Bouchal S, Tonelli M, Graham ID. Tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts: a systematic review. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:3. [PMID: 36604697 PMCID: PMC9817421 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and assess the globally available valid, reliable and acceptable tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus and PsycINFO from origin to 2 June 2021, without limits, using an a priori strategy and registered protocol. We screened citations independently and in duplicate, resolving discrepancies by consensus and retaining studies involving health research partnerships, the development, use and/or assessment of tools to evaluate partnership outcomes and impacts, and reporting empirical psychometric evidence. Study, tool, psychometric and pragmatic characteristics were abstracted using a hybrid approach, then synthesized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Study quality was assessed using the quality of survey studies in psychology (Q-SSP) checklist. RESULTS From 56 123 total citations, we screened 36 027 citations, assessed 2784 full-text papers, abstracted data from 48 studies and one companion report, and identified 58 tools. Most tools comprised surveys, questionnaires and scales. Studies used cross-sectional or mixed-method/embedded survey designs and employed quantitative and mixed methods. Both studies and tools were conceptually well grounded, focusing mainly on outcomes, then process, and less frequently on impact measurement. Multiple forms of empirical validity and reliability evidence was present for most tools; however, psychometric characteristics were inconsistently assessed and reported. We identified a subset of studies (22) and accompanying tools distinguished by their empirical psychometric, pragmatic and study quality characteristics. While our review demonstrated psychometric and pragmatic improvements over previous reviews, challenges related to health research partnership assessment and the nascency of partnership science persist. CONCLUSION This systematic review identified multiple tools demonstrating empirical psychometric evidence, pragmatic strength and moderate study quality. Increased attention to psychometric and pragmatic requirements in tool development, testing and reporting is key to advancing health research partnership assessment and partnership science. PROSPERO CRD42021137932.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Mrklas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
- Strategic Clinical Networks™, Provincial Clinical Excellence, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - J. M. Boyd
- Knowledge Translation Program, St Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - S. Shergill
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - S. Merali
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - M. Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - L. Nowell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - A. Goertzen
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - L. M. Pfadenhauer
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology–IBE, Ludwig-Maximilian Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - K. Paul
- University of Calgary Summer Studentships Program, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - K. M. Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - L. Swain
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - M. Vis-Dunbar
- University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC Canada
| | - M. D. Hill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medicine and Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | | | - M. Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
- Office of the Vice-President (Research), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - I. D. Graham
- Centre for Implementation Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health & School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
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11
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El Hussein MT, Dosani A, Al-Wadeiah N. Final-Year Nursing Students' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review. J Nurs Educ 2023; 62:6-11. [PMID: 36652576 DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20221109-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transitional experience from final-year nursing students (FYNS) to newly graduated RNs (NGRN) challenges individuals' professional and personal identities. Multiple studies have documented the experiences of FYNS graduating in the pandemic, but no studies have synthesized the findings. METHOD This scoping review examined the barriers and facilitators FYNS experience as they transitioned to become NGRN during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Databases were searched for relevant articles, and articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2019 and 2021 that focused on the support of FYNS in clinical settings in North America, Europe, and Australia were included. RESULTS Three themes were identified: emotional turmoil and coping, clinical competence and readiness for practice, and teaching strategies. CONCLUSION This review revealed important insight on how the pandemic affected FYNS' transition to practice and identified gaps in the literature for future research. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(1):6-11.].
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12
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McLeigh JD, Malthaner L, Winebrenner C, Stone KE. Paediatric integrated care in the primary care setting: A scoping review of populations served, models used and outcomes measured. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:869-879. [PMID: 35288973 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric integrated care (PIC), which involves primary care and behavioural health clinicians working together with patients and families, has been promoted as a best practice in the provision of care. In this context, behavioural health includes behavioural elements in the care of mental health and substance abuse conditions, chronic illness and physical symptoms associated with stress, and addressing health behaviours. Models of and contexts in which PIC has been applied vary, as do the outcomes and measures used to determine its value. Thus, this study seeks to better understand (1) what paediatric subpopulations are receiving integrated care, (2) which models of PIC are being studied, (3) what PIC outcomes are being explored and what measures and strategies are being used to assess those outcomes, and (4) whether the various models are resulting in positive outcomes. These questions have significant policy and clinical implications, given current national- and state-level efforts aimed at promoting integrated health care. METHODS This study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews to identify relevant articles published between January 1994 and 30 June 2020. The search utilized three databases: PubMed, PsycInfo and CINAHL. A total of 28 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. RESULTS Overall, acceptability of PIC appears to be high for patients and providers, with access, screening and engagement generally increasing. However, several gaps in the knowledge base on PIC were uncovered, and for some studies, ascertaining which models of integrated care were being implemented proved difficult. CONCLUSION PIC has the potential to improve access to and quality of behavioural health care, but more research is needed to understand what models of PIC prove most beneficial and which policies and conditions promote cost efficiency. Rigorous evaluation of patient outcomes, provider training, institutional buy-in and system-level changes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill D McLeigh
- Children's Health, Rees-Jones Center for Foster Care Excellence, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UT Health School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren Malthaner
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UT Health School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Kimberly E Stone
- Children's Health, Rees-Jones Center for Foster Care Excellence, Dallas, Texas, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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13
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Moulton JE, Withanage NN, Subasinghe AK, Mazza D. Nurse-led service delivery models in primary care: a scoping review protocol. BJGP Open 2022; 6:BJGPO.2021.0194. [PMID: 35292428 PMCID: PMC9680750 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring equitable access to health care is reliant on the strengthening of primary care services. Increasing the utilisation of task-sharing and telehealth models is one strategy to improve patient access and outcomes in primary care. This protocol details the methodology of a proposed scoping review of nurse and midwife involvement in task-sharing and telehealth models in primary care. AIM To identify what task-sharing and telehealth models have been utilised in the primary care setting globally, and to capture the characteristics and health and economic outcomes of the models, and whether they are acceptable and feasible. DESIGN & SETTING This protocol was developed in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). METHOD Five databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL] and Cochrane Library) will be searched for relevant studies published in English. Articles will be screened for inclusion in Covidence by three authors, with data extracted and synthesised using a chart designed for this review. Evidence will be mapped in both tabular and narrative forms to show characteristics, outcomes, and acceptability of the models of care. CONCLUSION Understanding how nurse- and midwife-led models of care may operate is crucial to strengthening service provision in primary care. Evidence on nurse and midwife-led primary care models will be collated and synthesised to inform future models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Moulton
- Department of General Practice, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | | | - Asvini K Subasinghe
- National Health and Medical Research Council SPHERE Centre of Research Excellence in Sexual and Reproductive Health for Women in Primary Care, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - Danielle Mazza
- Department of General Practice, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council SPHERE Centre of Research Excellence in Sexual and Reproductive Health for Women in Primary Care, Notting Hill, Australia
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Abstract
Involuntary psychiatric admission is an increasing, widespread practice adopted throughout the world; however, its legal regulation and practice are still under debate, and it is subject to criticism from the human rights point of view. Only a few studies have strictly focused on the outcomes and subsequent treatment implications of this practice. To perform a scoping review of the literature on involuntary psychiatric admission and systematize and summarize its outcomes and implications for adult psychiatric inpatients.Four overarching issues emerged from the studies: a) symptomatological repercussions, b) impacts on treatment before discharge, c) impacts on treatment after discharge, and d) implications on patients' attitudes, behavior, and functioning. The overall evidence suggested correlations between involuntary psychiatric admission and several implications: length of stay, aggressive behavior, occurrence of psychopathologies, uses of coercive measures, psychiatric service activations after discharge, emotive reactions, and quality of life. The proposal presented here is the major involvement of the patient and of all the other actors involved during the entire treatment process to promote a shift from a delegation perspective to a negotiation perspective in the management of involuntary psychiatric admission.
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15
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El Adam S, Bentley C, McQuarrie L, Teckle P, Peacock S. Impact of a cancer diagnosis on the income of adult cancer survivors: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047315. [PMID: 34531208 PMCID: PMC8451281 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the socioeconomic impact of a cancer diagnosis on cancer survivors has gained some attention in the literature, to our knowledge, a review of the evidence on changes in income due to cancer has yet to be undertaken. In this paper, we describe a scoping review protocol to review the evidence on the effect of a cancer diagnosis on the income of individuals diagnosed with cancer during adulthood (≥18 years). The purpose is to summarise existing evidence, identify gaps in current research and highlight priority areas for future research. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will follow the methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews by the Joanna Briggs Institute In collaboration with a health science librarian, we developed a search strategy to be performed in Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Econ-Literature and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews. This scoping review will search the scientific literature published in English from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2020. Studies that measured the impact of cancer on income of adults will be eligible for inclusion. Studies exclusively focused on employment outcomes (eg, return to work, unemployment, productivity loss), financial expenditures, childhood cancer survivors and/or the caregivers of cancer survivors will be excluded. Three independent reviewers will conduct screening and extract data. Descriptive information will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This scoping review will analyse data from publicly available materials and thus does not require ethics approval. Results from this review will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and/or conference presentation with the potential to identify gaps in the literature, suggest strategies for standardised terminology and provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiraz El Adam
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colene Bentley
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa McQuarrie
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paulos Teckle
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart Peacock
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Lackie K, Miller S, Ayn C, Brown M, Helwig M, Houk S, Lane J, Mireault A, Neeb D, Picketts L, Stilwell P, Beatty L. Interprofessional collaboration between health professional learners when breaking bad news: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:2032-2039. [PMID: 33882558 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to examine pedagogies used to teach interprofessional health learners how to break bad news collaboratively. INTRODUCTION Breaking bad news is a skill health care professionals must be equipped to deliver well, yet literature shows that this skill receives little attention in program curricula. Consequently, health care professionals feel inadequately prepared to deliver bad news, leading to greater burnout, distress, and fatigue. INCLUSION CRITERIA Studies that describe pedagogies used to teach breaking bad news will be considered for inclusion. Studies must include two or more undergraduate and/or postgraduate learners working towards a professional health or social care qualification or degree at a university or college. Studies including lay, complementary and alternative, or non-health or social care professional learners will be excluded. METHODS The JBI three-step process will be followed for developing the search. Databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Education Resource Centre, and Social Work Abstracts. Title and abstract screening through to data extraction will be completed by two independent reviewers and any disagreements will be resolved through discussion, or with a third reviewer. Results will be presented in tabular or diagrammatic form, together with a narrative summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Lackie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Aligning Health Needs and Evidence for Transformative Change: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stephen Miller
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Emergency Medicine, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Caitlyn Ayn
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Marion Brown
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Melissa Helwig
- Aligning Health Needs and Evidence for Transformative Change: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Halifax, NS, Canada.,W.K. Kellogg Health Sciences Library, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Shauna Houk
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jennifer Lane
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amy Mireault
- Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - David Neeb
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Leanne Picketts
- Centre for Collaborative Clinical Learning and Research, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Peter Stilwell
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QB, Canada
| | - Lorri Beatty
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Emergency Medicine, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Bremer D, Klockmann I, Jaß L, Härter M, von dem Knesebeck O, Lüdecke D. Which criteria characterize a health literate health care organization? - a scoping review on organizational health literacy. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:664. [PMID: 34229685 PMCID: PMC8259028 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organizational health literacy (OHL) aims to respond to the health literacy needs of patients by improving health information and services and making them easier to understand, access, and apply. This scoping review primarily maps criteria characterizing health literate health care organizations. Secondary outcomes are the concepts and terminologies underlying these criteria as well as instruments to measure them. METHODS The review was carried out following the JBI Manual on scoping reviews. The databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and Wiley Online Library were searched in July 2020. Three researchers screened the records and extracted the data. The results were synthesized systematically and descriptively. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 639 records. After removing duplicates, screening by title and abstract, and assessing full-texts for eligibility, the scoping review included 60 publications. Criteria for OHL were extracted and assigned to six main categories (with 25 subcategories). The most prevalent topic of organizational health literacy refers to communication with service users. Exemplary criteria regarding this main category are the education and information of service users, work on easy-to-understand written materials as well as oral exchange, and verifying understanding. The six main categories were defined as 1) communication with service users; 2) easy access & navigation; 3) integration & prioritization of OHL; 4) assessments & organizational development; 5) engagement & support of service users, and 6) information & qualification of staff. The criteria were based on various concepts and terminologies. Terminologies were categorized into four conceptual clusters: 1) health literacy in various social contexts; 2) health literate health care organization; 3) organizational behavior, and 4) communication in health care. 17 different assessment tools and instruments were identified. Only some of the toolkits and instruments were validated or tested in feasibility studies. CONCLUSIONS Organizational health literacy includes a significant number of distinct organizational criteria. The terminologies used in the OHL literature are heterogeneous based on a variety of concepts. A comprehensive, consensus-based conceptual framework on OHL is missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bremer
- Department of Medical Psychology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Izumi Klockmann
- Department of Medical Sociology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leonie Jaß
- Department of Medical Sociology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Härter
- Department of Medical Psychology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olaf von dem Knesebeck
- Department of Medical Sociology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Lüdecke
- Department of Medical Sociology, Center for Health Care Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Koppel PD, Ledbetter L, De Gagne JC. Rapport between nurses and adult patients in ambulatory oncology care settings: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:1433-1443. [PMID: 33186294 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this scoping review is to explore what is known about cultivating rapport between nurses and adult patients in ambulatory oncology care. A bibliometric analysis will be performed to explore whether this method enhances mapping of the literature. INTRODUCTION Research demonstrates that patients with cancer value nurses not only for their skillful delivery of treatment but also for their support and guidance. Rapport, or nurse-patient bonding, is associated with patient satisfaction. Although the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in oncology nursing is established, less is known about the process of nurturing rapport, especially in ambulatory care where most treatment is delivered. INCLUSION CRITERIA This scoping review will consider studies pertaining to nurses working with adult patients undergoing treatment for any form of cancer within ambulatory oncology. It will include experimental, quasi-experimental, descriptive observational, and qualitative designs, as well as systematic reviews and dissertations. METHODS Researchers will search multiple databases including MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global database, PapersFirst, and EThOS. Two independent researchers will screen the title/abstract of all retrieved citations, after which the study researchers will review the full text of selected studies for inclusion. Eligible studies will be extracted using the data extraction instrument. No time limit will be placed on the search. While studies of all languages will be included in the search, only those in English will be reviewed. Non-English studies with abstracts in English will be listed in an appendix at the end of the manuscript.
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Browne DT, May SS, Colucci L, Hurst-Della Pietra P, Christakis D, Asamoah T, Hale L, Delrahim-Howlett K, Emond JA, Fiks AG, Madigan S, Perlman G, Rumpf HJ, Thompson D, Uzzo S, Stapleton J, Neville R, Prime H. From screen time to the digital level of analysis: a scoping review of measures for digital media use in children and adolescents. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046367. [PMID: 34011597 PMCID: PMC8137212 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to facilitate psychometric developments in the field of digital media usage and well-being in young people by (1) identifying core concepts in the area of "screen time" and digital media use in children, adolescents, and young adults, (2) synthesising existing research paradigms and measurement tools that quantify these dimensions, and (3) highlighting important areas of need to guide future measure development. DESIGN A scoping review of 140 sources (126 database, 14 grey literature) published between 2014 and 2019 yielded 162 measurement tools across a range of domains, users, and cultures. Database sources from Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus were extracted, in addition to grey literature obtained from knowledge experts and organisations relevant to digital media use in children. To be included, the source had to: (1) be an empirical investigation or present original research, (2) investigate a sample/target population that included children or young persons between the ages of 0 and 25 years of age, and (3) include at least one assessment method for measuring digital media use. Reviews, editorials, letters, comments and animal model studies were all excluded. MEASURES Basic information, level of risk of bias, study setting, paradigm, data type, digital media type, device, usage characteristics, applications or websites, sample characteristics, recruitment methods, measurement tool information, reliability and validity. RESULTS Significant variability in nomenclature surrounding problematic use and criteria for identifying clinical impairment was discovered. Moreover, there was a paucity of measures in key domains, including tools for young children, whole families, disadvantaged groups, and for certain patterns and types of usage. CONCLUSION This knowledge synthesis exercise highlights the need for the widespread development and implementation of comprehensive, multi-method, multilevel, and multi-informant measurement suites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shealyn S May
- Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Colucci
- Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Tracy Asamoah
- Media Committee, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Lauren Hale
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Katia Delrahim-Howlett
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, North Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer A Emond
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine Global Health Tanzania DarDar Programs, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Alexander G Fiks
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Greg Perlman
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, Research Group S:TEP, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Darcy Thompson
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen Uzzo
- New York Hall of Science, Flushing, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Stapleton
- Information Services and Resources, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ross Neville
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Heather Prime
- Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lebcir R, Hill T, Atun R, Cubric M. Stakeholders' views on the organisational factors affecting application of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044074. [PMID: 33753441 PMCID: PMC7986948 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential for transforming healthcare delivery leading to better patient-outcomes and more efficient care delivery. However, despite these advantages, integration of AI in healthcare has not kept pace with technological advancements. Previous research indicates the importance of understanding various organisational factors that shape integration of new technologies in healthcare. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide an overview of the existing organisational factors influencing adoption of AI in healthcare from the perspectives of different relevant stakeholders. By conducting this review, the various organisational factors that facilitate or hinder AI implementation in healthcare could be identified. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, which includes the following stages: (1) defining and aligning objectives and questions, (2) developing and aligning the inclusions criteria with objectives and questions, (3) describing the planned approach to evidence searching and selection, (4) searching for the evidence, (5) selecting the evidence, (6) extracting the evidence, (7) charting the evidence, and summarising the evidence with regard to the objectives and questions.The databases searched will be MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (Plus), PubMed, Cohrane Library, Scopus, MathSciNet, NICE Evidence, OpenGrey, O'REILLY and Social Care Online from January 2000 to June 2021. Search results will be reported based on The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines. The review will adopt diffusion of innovations theory, technology acceptance model and stakeholder theory as guiding conceptual models. Narrative synthesis will be used to integrate the findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval will not be sought for this scoping review as it only includes information from previously published studies. The results will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal. In addition, to ensure its findings reach relevant stakeholders, they will be presented at relevant conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Lebcir
- Hertfordshire Business School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Tetiana Hill
- Hertfordshire Business School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Rifat Atun
- T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marija Cubric
- Hertfordshire Business School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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Lee JK, McCutcheon LRM, Fazel MT, Cooley JH, Slack MK. Assessment of Interprofessional Collaborative Practices and Outcomes in Adults With Diabetes and Hypertension in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2036725. [PMID: 33576817 PMCID: PMC7881360 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Interprofessional collaborative practice (ICP), the collaboration of health workers from different professional backgrounds with patients, families, caregivers, and communities, is central to optimal primary care. However, limited evidence exists regarding its association with patient outcomes. Objective To examine the association of ICP with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels among adults receiving primary care. Data Sources A literature search of English language journals (January 2013-2018; updated through March 2020) was conducted using MEDLINE; Embase; Ovid IPA; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials: Issue 2 of 12, February 2018; NHS Economic Evaluation Database: Issue 2 of 4, April 2015; Clarivate Analytics WOS Science Citation Index Expanded (1990-2018); EBSCOhost CINAHL Plus With Full Text (1937-2018); Elsevier Scopus; FirstSearch OAIster; AHRQ PCMH Citations Collection; ClinicalTrials.gov; and HSRProj. Study Selection Studies needed to evaluate the association of ICP (≥3 professions) with HbA1c, SBP, or DBP levels in adults with diabetes and/or hypertension receiving primary care. A dual review was performed for screening and selection. Data Extraction and Synthesis This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guideline for data abstractions and Cochrane Collaboration recommendations for bias assessment. Two dual review teams conducted independent data extraction with consensus. Data were pooled using a random-effects model for meta-analyses and forest plots constructed to report standardized mean differences (SMDs). For high heterogeneity (I2), data were stratified by baseline level and by study design. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes included HbA1c, SBP, and DBP levels as determined before data collection. Results A total of 3543 titles or abstracts were screened; 170 abstracts or full texts were reviewed. Of 50 articles in the systematic review, 39 (15 randomized clinical trials [RCTs], 24 non-RCTs) were included in the meta-analyses of HbA1c (n = 34), SBP (n = 25), and DBP (n = 24). The sample size ranged from 40 to 20 524, and mean age ranged from 51 to 70 years, with 0% to 100% participants being male. Varied ICP features were reported. The SMD varied by baseline HbA1c, although all SMDs significantly favored ICP (HbA1c <8, SMD = -0.13; P < .001; HbA1c ≥8 to < 9, SMD = -0.24; P = .007; and HbA1c ≥9, SMD = -0.60; P < .001). The SMD for SBP and DBP were -0.31 (95% CI, -0.46 to -0.17); P < .001 and -0.28 (95% CI, -0.42 to -0.14); P < .001, respectively, with effect sizes not associated with baseline levels. Overall I2 was greater than 80% for all outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis found that ICP was associated with reductions in HbA1c regardless of baseline levels as well as with reduced SBP and DBP. However, the greatest reductions were found with HbA1c levels of 9 or higher. The implementation of ICP in primary care may be associated with improvements in patient outcomes in diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livia R. M. McCutcheon
- Star Wellness Family Practice, St Luke’s Family Medicine Residency, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
- Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
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Madanian S, Norris T, Parry D. Disaster eHealth: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e18310. [PMID: 33112244 PMCID: PMC7657717 DOI: 10.2196/18310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although both disaster management and disaster medicine have been used for decades, their efficiency and effectiveness have been far from perfect. One reason could be the lack of systematic utilization of modern technologies, such as eHealth, in their operations. To address this issue, researchers’ efforts have led to the emergence of the disaster eHealth (DEH) field. DEH’s main objective is to systematically integrate eHealth technologies for health care purposes within the disaster management cycle (DMC). Objective This study aims to identify, map, and define the scope of DEH as a new area of research at the intersection of disaster management, emergency medicine, and eHealth. Methods An extensive scoping review using published materials was carried out in the areas of disaster management, disaster medicine, and eHealth to identify the scope of DEH. This review procedure was iterative and conducted in multiple scientific databases in 2 rounds, one using controlled indexed terms and the other using similar uncontrolled terms. In both rounds, the publications ranged from 1990 to 2016, and all the appropriate research studies discovered were considered, regardless of their research design, methodology, and quality. Information extracted from both rounds was thematically analyzed to define the DEH scope, and the results were evaluated by the field experts through a Delphi method. Results In both rounds of the research, searching for eHealth applications within DMC yielded 404 relevant studies that showed eHealth applications in different disaster types and disaster phases. These applications varied with respect to the eHealth technology types, functions, services, and stakeholders. The results led to the identification of the scope of DEH, including eHealth technologies and their applications, services, and future developments that are applicable to disasters as well as to related stakeholders. Reference to the elements of the DEH scope indicates what, when, and how current eHealth technologies can be used in the DMC. Conclusions Comprehensive data gathering from multiple databases offered a grounded method to define the DEH scope. This scope comprises concepts related to DEH and the boundaries that define it. The scope identifies the eHealth technologies relevant to DEH and the functions and services that can be provided by these technologies. In addition, the scope tells us which groups can use the provided services and functions and in which disaster types or phases. DEH approaches could potentially improve the response to health care demands before, during, and after disasters. DEH takes advantage of eHealth technologies to facilitate DMC tasks and activities, enhance their efficiency and effectiveness, and enhance health care delivery and provide more quality health care services to the wider population regardless of their geographical location or even disaster types and phases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tony Norris
- Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dave Parry
- Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Auckland, New Zealand
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Dosani A, Arora H, Mazmudar S. mHealth and Perinatal Depression in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207679. [PMID: 33096738 PMCID: PMC7589927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Women in low- and middle-income countries have high rates of perinatal depression. As smartphones become increasingly accessible around the world, there is an opportunity to explore innovative mHealth tools for the prevention, screening, and management of perinatal depression. We completed a scoping review of the literature pertaining to the use of mobile phone technologies for perinatal depression in low-and middle-income countries. PubMed CINHAL, and Google Scholar databases were searched, generating 423 results. 12 articles met our inclusion criteria. Two of the 12 articles reviewed mobile phone applications. The remaining 9 articles were study protocols or descriptive/intervention studies. Our results reveal that minimal literature is currently available on the use of mobile health for perinatal depression in low- and middle-income countries. We found four articles that present the results of an intervention that were delivered through mobile phones for the treatment of perinatal depressive symptoms and an additional qualitative study describing the perceptions of mothers receiving cognitive behavioral therapy via telephones. These studies demonstrated that depressive symptoms improved after the interventions. There is potential to improve the quality of mHealth interventions, specifically mobile phone applications for perinatal depressive symptoms and depression, through meaningful collaborative work between healthcare professionals and application developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyah Dosani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Community and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Harshmeet Arora
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (H.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sahil Mazmudar
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (H.A.); (S.M.)
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Swanson M, Wong ST, Martin‐Misener R, Browne AJ. The role of registered nurses in primary care and public health collaboration: A scoping review. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1197-1207. [PMID: 32587740 PMCID: PMC7308712 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this work was to examine the roles of Registered Nurses (RNs) in primary care (PC) and public health (PH) collaboration. Additionally, we aimed to explore whether the current scope of practice for RNs is adequate to support their roles in PC/PH collaboration. Design A scoping review of current literature relating to the RN's role in PC/PH collaboration was conducted using the PRISMA 2009 checklist. Methods The review used key terms: primary care, public health, collaboration, nursing and nurse role across six electronic databases; 23 articles that were included in the final review were published over a 7-year span. Results Four key RN roles relating to PC/PH collaboration were identified: relationship builder, outreach professional, programme facilitator and care coordinator. RNs supported transitions in chronic disease, communicable disease care and maternity care at various healthcare system levels including systemic, organizational, intrapersonal and interpersonal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Swanson
- School of NursingUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Present address:
North Island CollegeCourtenayBCCanada
| | - Sabrina T. Wong
- School of Nursing and Centre for Health Services and Policy ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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Kilpatrick K, Paquette L, Jabbour M, Tchouaket E, Fernandez N, Al Hakim G, Landry V, Gauthier N, Beaulieu MD, Dubois CA. Systematic review of the characteristics of brief team interventions to clarify roles and improve functioning in healthcare teams. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234416. [PMID: 32520943 PMCID: PMC7286504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Describe brief (less than half a day) interventions aimed at improving healthcare team functioning. METHODS A systematic review on brief team interventions aimed at role clarification and team functioning (PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42018088922). Experimental or quasi-experimental studies were included. Database searches included CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, PUBMED, Cochrane, RCT Registry-1990 to April 2020 and grey literature. Articles were screened independently by teams of two reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed. Data from the retained articles were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer independently. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS Searches yielded 1928 unique records. Final sample contained twenty papers describing 19 studies, published between 2009 and 2020. Studies described brief training interventions conducted in acute care in-patient settings and included a total of 6338 participants. Participants' socio-demographic information was not routinely reported. Studies met between two to six of the eight risk of bias criteria. Interventions included simulations for technical skills, structured communications and speaking up for non-technical skills and debriefing. Debriefing sessions generally lasted between five to 10 minutes. Debriefing sessions reflected key content areas but it was not always possible to determine the influence of the debriefing session on participants' learning because of the limited information reported. DISCUSSION Interest in short team interventions is recent. Single two-hour sessions appear to improve technical skills. Three to four 30- to 60-minute training sessions spread out over several weeks with structured facilitation and debriefing appear to improve non-technical skills. Monthly meetings appear to sustain change over time. CONCLUSION Short team interventions show promise to improve team functioning. Effectiveness of interventions in primary care and the inclusion of patients and families needs to be examined. Primary care teams are structured differently than teams in acute care and they may have different priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kilpatrick
- Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal-Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CIUSSS-EMTL-HMR), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lysane Paquette
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mira Jabbour
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal-Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CIUSSS-EMTL-HMR), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Tchouaket
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Fernandez
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Grace Al Hakim
- Clinical and Professional Development Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Véronique Landry
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Gauthier
- Nursing and Physical Health Directorate, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Carl-Ardy Dubois
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Kilpatrick K, Paquette L, Bird M, Jabbour M, Carter N, Tchouaket É. Team Functioning And Beliefs About Team Effectiveness In Inter-Professional Teams: Questionnaire Development And Validation. J Multidiscip Healthc 2019; 12:827-839. [PMID: 31632051 PMCID: PMC6781853 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s218540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Few validated instruments are available to measure team functioning in acute and primary care teams. To address this, we developed a questionnaire measuring healthcare provider perceptions of team effectiveness (Provider-PTE) and assessed its psychometric properties. Patients and methods Empirical evidence and a conceptual model were used for item generation. The 41-item self-completed questionnaire was developed. A cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers (n=283) across a range of settings was performed. Psychometric properties were assessed for French and English language questionnaires using Cronbach alpha (α) for reliability, the feedback form for face validity, expert opinion for content validity, and the known-group technique for construct validity. Responsiveness was examined by comparing scores in high and low functioning teams. Results The mean time needed to complete the questionnaire was less than 9 mins. Respondents were typically female (84%), and employed full time (80%) in urban settings (82%). Cronbach α values were as follows: Team Processes = 0.88; PTE-Overall = 0.91; Outcomes = 0.72. Significant differences were found by professional group (p = 0.017), length of time in the team (p = 0.025), and presence of nurse practitioners. Responses to Outcomes varied by employment status (p = 0.017). Differences were identified in high and low functioning teams (p<0.001). Feedback indicated that two questions related to team meetings needed to be added. Conclusion The study produced evidence of validity for English and French language Provider-PTE questionnaires. The revised 43-item instrument represents an important contribution by providing a validated questionnaire to measure team functioning across a range of settings that is consistent with a conceptual framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kilpatrick
- Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Site, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lysane Paquette
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marissa Bird
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mira Jabbour
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Site, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Carter
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Tchouaket
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Saint-Jérôme, Quebec, Canada
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Forberger S, Reisch L, Kampfmann T, Zeeb H. Nudging to move: a scoping review of the use of choice architecture interventions to promote physical activity in the general population. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:77. [PMID: 31481090 PMCID: PMC6724306 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nudges are used to alter lifestyles and thus curb the rise of non-communicable diseases. Physical activity is a core prevention strategy to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. This paper aims to (1) give an overview of the scope of interventions using choice architecture techniques to promote physical activity at the population levels and (2) identify research gaps by analysing the different approaches in terms of class and type of intervention used. Methods A systematic electronic database search was combined with snowball citation sampling of a starter set of publications to search for studies published through October 2018 reporting interventions to promote physical activity at the population level using choice architecture techniques. The methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute for Scoping Reviews was applied. Results In all, 35 publications were included. Most of the interventions used point-of-choice prompts tested at railway stations, shopping malls and airports (N = 27). Eight studies were online studies. While all studies were aimed at the general population, details, if reported at all, were vague and basic. All studies focused on individual-level lifestyle behaviour. None of the studies attempted to alter population-based lifestyle behaviour. Online and “real-world” approaches were rarely combined. Neither, interventions targeting meso- and macro-level structures nor combinations of individual-level and specific meso- or macro-level interventions were found. Conclusion Nudging is in principle an effective approach to promote physical activity within the general population. However, there are large gaps in research. Available opportunities have not yet been exhausted. Further research is needed that is explicitly based on behavioural insights and covering the full range of nudging approaches, particularly focussing on theoretical developments, practical feasibility tests and scale-up activities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-019-0844-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Forberger
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - L Reisch
- Leibniz-Chair, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Copenhagen Business School, MSC, Dalgas Have 15, 2000, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - T Kampfmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - H Zeeb
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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von Elm E, Schreiber G, Haupt CC. Methodische Anleitung für Scoping Reviews (JBI-Methodologie). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAET IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2019; 143:1-7. [PMID: 31296451 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reviews of primary research studies are becoming increasingly important as the concept of evidence-based practice in healthcare is gaining more and more influence and the number of research projects is increasing enormously. One of the less well-known types of review is the "scoping review." Scoping reviews are conducted when one first needs to take stock of the research literature. For example, scoping reviews are conducted in order to establish provisional working definitions or to define topics or subject areas conceptually. Preparing a scoping review also makes sense if the literature has not yet been comprehensively assessed or if it contains a complex or heterogeneous problem so that a more precise systematic review of the evidence is not appropriate. Scoping reviews can also serve to determine the scope and significance of a prospective classical systematic review. Finally, scoping reviews are also a good way to bundle and communicate research results, identify research gaps, and formulate recommendations for future research. This article explains the methodology of scoping reviews, their differences as compared to systematic reviews, and the reasons why they could be conducted. This guide to conducting scoping reviews is based on the methodology developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik von Elm
- Cochrane Schweiz, Centre universitaire de médecine générale et santé publique (Unisanté), Universität Lausanne, Schweiz.
| | - Gerhard Schreiber
- Institut für Theologie und Sozialethik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Deutschland
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Lawrence LM, Bishop A, Curran J. Integrated Knowledge Translation with Public Health Policy Makers: A Scoping Review. Healthc Policy 2019; 14:55-77. [PMID: 31017866 PMCID: PMC7008688 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2019.25792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated knowledge translation (iKT) refers to the engagement of knowledge users (e.g., policy makers, clinicians, patients) as active participants in the research process. Theoretically, this involvement enhances research relevancy and usefulness, thereby supporting health system change. However, evidence to support best practices for iKT is lacking, particularly in a public health context and with non-clinical decision-makers. The objectives of this research were to report how decision-maker involvement in public health iKT research has been described and operationalized and whether the process was evaluated. We conducted a scoping review of published literature from January 2005 to December 2017 and extracted information related to iKT involvement, barriers and facilitators and outcomes. Studies typically did not distinguish between different kinds of knowledge users, making it impossible to comment specifically on decision-makers' involvement. Authors believed knowledge user involvement was beneficial to the quality and potential impact of research activities, although corroborating evaluation data were unavailable. Broad research-knowledge user partnerships spanning multiple projects, as well as flexible involvement of knowledge users, enhanced engagement and supported the iKT process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janet Curran
- Associate Professor, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
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Kilpatrick K, Tchouaket É, Paquette L, Guillemette C, Jabbour M, Desmeules F, Landry V, Fernandez N. Measuring patient and family perceptions of team processes and outcomes in healthcare teams: questionnaire development and psychometric evaluation. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:9. [PMID: 30612571 PMCID: PMC6322340 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of validated instruments examining dimensions of team functioning from the perspective of patients and families consistent with a conceptual framework. The study aimed to develop and assess the psychometric properties of the Patient-Perceptions of Team Effectiveness (PTE) questionnaire. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in three studies. Data were collected from May-October 2016 for Study 1, April 2018-ongoing for Study 2, and October 2016 to June 2017 for Study 3. Online and paper versions of the self-administered questionnaire were available in English and in French. The initial questionnaire included 41 items. Study 1 included 320 respondents. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach alpha. Face validity (n = 250) was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Content validity was examined using subject matter experts and Spearman's item-total correlations. Construct validity was examined using known group comparisons (i.e., clinical specialty, education, length of follow-up, reason of consultation). Content analysis was used for open-ended questions. RESULTS The questionnaire took 10 to 15 min to complete. Positive assessments were noted for instructions, formatting, font size and logical ordering of questions. In Study 1, reliability indices for the PTE-Overall, Team Processes and Outcomes subscales ranged from 0.72 to 0.84. Item-total correlations ranged from 0.551 to 0.794 (p < 0.001). Differences were noted between clinical specialties, education, length of follow-up, reason of consultation, low and high functioning teams. No differences were noted between English and French language respondents. Psychometric properties were re-assessed in Study 2 and 3 after unclear questions were reworked. Reliability indices for the subscales ranged from 0.76 to 0.94 and differences remained significant between low and high functioning teams. CONCLUSION The final 43-item instrument is easy to administer to patients and families. The studies provide evidence of validity to support the propositions in the conceptual framework. The patient-level measures can be aggregated to the team, organizational or system level. The information can be used to assess healthcare team functioning in acute and primary care and determine the role patients and families are playing in teams. Further testing is needed with patients and families who are hospitalized or receiving care from teams in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kilpatrick
- Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal-Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Lysane Paquette
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Claudel Guillemette
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal-Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Canada
| | - Mira Jabbour
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l’Est-de-l’Île-de-Montréal-Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CIUSSS-EMTL), Montréal, Canada
| | - François Desmeules
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Viceconti A, Camerone EM, Luzzi D, Pardini M, Ristori D, Gallace A, Testa M. Explicit and implicit experience of own's body in painful musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases: A scoping review protocol of available quantitative and qualitative evidence. SAGE Open Med 2018; 6:2050312118820026. [PMID: 30574308 PMCID: PMC6299299 DOI: 10.1177/2050312118820026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Our body experience is organized at twofold levels: perceptual and cognitive-emotional. These higher-order processes are clearly different from the primary sensory processing of somatic stimuli (somatosensation). However, most of the available studies have mainly investigated the mechanisms of somatosensation. Moreover, disturbances of our body experience have been documented in some pathological conditions of interest for rehabilitative interventions, but their clinical role and relevance is yet to be clarified. Because in this field we have limited knowledge on perceptual and cognitive body experience, there emerges a need to better clarify this matter. The aim of the present scoping review is to systematically map this topic and to examine the magnitude and the nature of the available evidences. Materials and Methods The scoping review will be performed following the six-stage methodology suggested by Arksey and O'Malley. Ten electronic databases will be investigated since their inception. The search strategy will be peer reviewed by PRESS 2015 Evidence-Based Checklist as a quality assurance step. All records retrieved will be screened by two independent reviewers. The Population, Concept, and Context method will be adopted for eligibility criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses will be used for results reporting. Two reviewers with different background will perform the search process independently. One author will extract data, checked by a second reviewer checking the matching with the research questions and goals. Any disagreements will be solved by a third reviewer. Ethics and Dissemination Ethical approval is not required for scoping reviews. Dissemination will include submission to peer-reviewed journal and presentations in conferences in the area of rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Viceconti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maria Camerone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy
| | - Deborah Luzzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy
| | - Alberto Gallace
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy
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Khayatzadeh-Mahani A, Nolte E, Sutherland J, Forest PG. International experiments with different models of allocating funds to facilitate integrated care: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021374. [PMID: 30446571 PMCID: PMC6252706 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integrated care is viewed widely as a potential solution to some of the major challenges faced by health and social care systems, such as those posed by service duplication, fragmentation and poor care coordination, and associated impacts on the quality and cost of services. Fragmented models of allocating funds to and across sectors, programmes and providers are frequently cited as a major barrier to integration and countries have experimented with different models of allocating funds to enhance care coordination among service providers and to reduce ineffective care and avoid costly adverse events. This scoping review aims to assess published international experiences of different models of allocating funds to facilitate integration and the evidence on their impacts. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will adopt a scoping review methodology due to the potentially vast and multidisciplinary nature of the literature on different models of allocating funds in health and social care systems, as well as the scarcity of existing knowledge syntheses. The framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley will be followed that entails six steps: (1) identifying the research question(s), (2) searching for relevant studies, (3) selecting studies, (4) charting the data, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (6) and conducting consultation exercises. These steps will be conducted iteratively and reflexively, making adjustments and repetitions when appropriate to make sure the literature has been covered as comprehensively as possible. To ensure comprehensiveness of our literature review, we also search a wide range of sources. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION An integrated knowledge translation strategy will be pursued by engaging our knowledge users through all stages of the review. We will organise two workshops or policy roundtables/policy dialogues in Alberta and British Columbia with participation of diverse knowledge users to discuss and interpret the findings of our review and to draw out policy opportunities and lessons that can be applied to the context of these two provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Khayatzadeh-Mahani
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ellen Nolte
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Sutherland
- Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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A Scoping Review of Emergency Department Discharge Instructions for Children and Adolescents With Mental Disorders. Pediatr Emerg Care 2018; 34:711-722. [PMID: 29112107 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most young people under the age of 25 years with mental health presentations to the emergency department (ED) are discharged home, several studies suggest discharge instructions are inadequate. We conducted a scoping review to characterize and map the literature, identify research gaps, and prioritize targeted areas for future reviews for ED discharge instructions for young people with mental disorders. METHODS Our review was conducted in an iterative approach with 6 stages including identifying the research question, identifying relevant studies, study selection, data extraction, collaring and summarizing, and stakeholder engagement. We characterized the available information on discharge instruction interventions using the Behavior Change Wheel. RESULTS Of the 805 potential publications screened, 25 were included for extraction. Nine of the 25 articles focused on suicide or self-harm, 6 were on mental health in general or mixed groups, and 9 focused on alcohol, tobacco, or substance use in general. Five studies included younger children (ie, less than 12 years) but ages ranged significantly among studies. Education and persuasion were intervention functions most commonly reported in publications (n = 13 and n = 12, respectively). From the policy categories, recommendations regarding service provision were most frequently made from four publications. Descriptions of theory were limited in publications. CONCLUSIONS The available literature regarding discharge instructions in the ED for youth with mental disorders is focused on certain content areas (eg, self injurious behaviors, substance use) with more work required in chronic mental disorders that make up a significant proportion of ED visits. Research that extends beyond education and with theoretical underpinnings to explain how and why various interventions work would be useful for clinicians, policy-makers, and other researchers.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the population ages, governments worldwide have begun seeking ways to support informal caregiving. In this light, Canada is no exception, but despite the centrality of the informal care strategy in elder care, we know little about the intertwining and overlapping policies that have been implemented to support informal caregivers providing assistance to the elderly, and to fellow citizens with disabilities. This review aims to identify the diversity of Canadian national, provincial and territorial policies supporting informal caregivers. It seeks, from its generalist focus on all informal care, to draw out specific observations and lessons for the elder care policy environment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Given the vast and multidisciplinary nature of the literature on informal care policy, as well as the paucity of existing knowledge syntheses, we will adopt a scoping review methodology. We will follow the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley that entails six stages, including: (1) identifying the research question(s); (2) searching for relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) charting the data; (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results; (6) and conducting consultation exercises. We will conduct these stages iteratively and reflexively, making adjustments and repetitions when appropriate to ensure we have covered the literature as comprehensively as possible. We will pursue an iterative integrated knowledge translation (iKT) strategy engaging our knowledge users through all stages of the review. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION By adopting an iKT strategy we will ensure our knowledge users directly contribute to the project's policy relevant publications. Upon completion of the review, we will present the findings at academic conferences, publishing a research report, along with an academic peer-reviewed article. Our intent is to develop an online, free-access evidence repository that catalogues the full range of Canada's English language informal care support policies. Finally, the completed review will allow us to publish a series of policy briefs in collaboration with knowledge users illustrating how to promote and better implement informal care support policies. Our study has received ethics approval from the University of Calgary Conjoint Ethics Board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Khayatzadeh-Mahani
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Myles Leslie
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Dobud WW, Harper NJ. Of Dodo birds and common factors: A scoping review of direct comparison trials in adventure therapy. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 31:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Carter N, Valaitis RK, Lam A, Feather J, Nicholl J, Cleghorn L. Navigation delivery models and roles of navigators in primary care: a scoping literature review. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:96. [PMID: 29422057 PMCID: PMC5806255 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-2889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systems navigation provided by individuals or teams is emerging as a strategy to reduce barriers to care. Complex clients with health and social support needs in primary care experience fragmentation and gaps in service delivery. There is great diversity in the design of navigation and a lack of consensus on navigation roles and models in primary care. METHODS We conducted a scoping literature review following established methods to explore the existing evidence on system navigation in primary care. To be included, studies had to be published in English between 1990 and 2013, and include a navigator or navigation process in a primary care setting that involves the community- based social services beyond the health care system. RESULTS We included 34 papers in our review, most of which were descriptive papers, and the majority originated in the US. Most of the studies involved studies of individual navigators (lay person or nurse) and were developed to meet the needs of specific patient populations. We make an important contribution to the literature by highlighting navigation models that address both health and social service navigation. The emergence and development of system navigation signals an important shift in the recognition that health care and social care are inextricably linked especially to address the social determinants of health. CONCLUSIONS There is a high degree of variance in the literature, but descriptive studies can inform further innovation and development of navigation interventions in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Carter
- McMaster University, School of Nursing, Hamilton, Canada.
| | | | - Annie Lam
- McMaster University, School of Nursing, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Janice Feather
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Nursing, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Laura Cleghorn
- McMaster University, School of Nursing, Hamilton, Canada
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Reeves P, Deeming S, Ramanathan S, Wiggers J, Wolfenden L, Searles A. Measurement of the translation and impact from a childhood obesity trial programme: rationale and protocol for a research impact assessment. Health Res Policy Syst 2017; 15:111. [PMID: 29258512 PMCID: PMC5735952 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-017-0266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing recognition amongst health and medical research funders and researchers that translation of research into policy and practice needs to increase and that more transparency is needed on how impacts are realised. Several approaches are advocated for achieving this, including co-production of research or academic-practitioner research. The Population Health Unit (PHU) within the Hunter New England Local Health District in regional Australia, as an early adopter of this model, has been working to increase the likelihood that its research is translated into community health benefits. With the New South Wales Ministry of Health, the PHU responded to the burden of child overweight and obesity by combining service delivery with research expertise. The ‘Good for Kids, Good for Life’ (Good for Kids) dissemination trial was developed and implemented in seven community settings in the Hunter region of Australia between 2006 and 2010. This study aims to undertake a retrospective impact assessment to measure the research translation and impact of Good for Kids. Methods The method will be based upon the application of the Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research (FAIT), comprising three core elements, namely quantified metrics, economic assessment and a narrative of the process by which the research in question translates and generates impact. Discussion Increasingly, funders are interested both in the outcomes resulting from investments in health research and in the expected return on their investments. FAIT was developed specifically for this purpose and its use is anticipated to provide transparency to the pathway to translation and potentially drive increased investment in translational research programmes such as Good for Kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny Reeves
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. .,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Simon Deeming
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Shanthi Ramanathan
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Andrew Searles
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Murphy AL, Hillier K, Ataya R, Thabet P, Whelan AM, O'Reilly C, Gardner D. A scoping review of community pharmacists and patients at risk of suicide. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2017; 150:366-379. [PMID: 29123596 DOI: 10.1177/1715163517733482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Medications are commonly used in suicide attempts. Pharmacists are inextricably linked to medications and may have roles in helping those at risk of suicide. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the existing literature and make recommendations about future research. Methods We used a 6-step approach based on an existing scoping review methodological framework, including identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies and other literature; study and literature selection; data charting; collating, summarizing and reporting results; and dissemination of results. We searched electronic databases, various grey literature sources and mobile app stores. Results Thirty-five articles were included following screening of 1013 database citations. Of 1085 results from grey literature searches, we included 12. Most publications were opinion pieces (n = 22), followed by survey studies (n = 9), primarily assessing pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes. Themes included education and training to impact knowledge and attitudes, gatekeeping of medication supply, collaboration and integration, and role perception. Public perspectives on pharmacists' roles were limited. Conclusions Research regarding pharmacists' roles in the care of people at risk for suicide is limited. The areas that have dominated the literature include legal liability, especially with respect to gatekeeping medications, ethical decision making and education and training. Research is needed to determine what methods, outcomes and measures are required to best serve in building the evidence base for policy and practice decisions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lynn Murphy
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katelyn Hillier
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Randa Ataya
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pierre Thabet
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Marie Whelan
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire O'Reilly
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Gardner
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Khan Y, Sanford S, Sider D, Moore K, Garber G, de Villa E, Schwartz B. Effective communication of public health guidance to emergency department clinicians in the setting of emerging incidents: a qualitative study and framework. BMC Health Serv Res 2017; 17:312. [PMID: 28454548 PMCID: PMC5410092 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence to inform communication between emergency department clinicians and public health agencies is limited. In the context of diverse, emerging public health incidents, communication is urgent, as emergency department clinicians must implement recommendations to protect themselves and the public. The objectives of this study were to: explore current practices, barriers and facilitators at the local level for communicating public health guidance to emergency department clinicians in emerging public health incidents; and develop a framework that promotes effective communication of public health guidance to clinicians during emerging incidents. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 26 key informants from emergency departments and public health agencies in Ontario, Canada. Data were analyzed inductively and the analytic approach was guided by concepts of complexity theory. RESULTS Emergent themes corresponded to challenges and strategies for effective communication of public health guidance. Important challenges related to the coordination of communication across institutions and jurisdictions, and differences in work environments across sectors. Strategies for effective communication were identified as the development of partnerships and collaboration, attention to specific methods of communication used, and the importance of roles and relationship-building prior to an emerging public health incident. Following descriptive analysis, a framework was developed that consists of the following elements: 1) Anticipate; 2) Invest in building relationships and networks; 3) Establish liaison roles and redundancy; 4) Active communication; 5) Consider and respond to the target audience; 6) Leverage networks for coordination; and 7) Acknowledge and address uncertainty. The qualities inherent in local relationships cut across framework elements. CONCLUSIONS This research indicates that relationships are central to effective communication between public health agencies and emergency department clinicians at the local level. Our framework which is grounded in qualitative evidence focuses on strategies to promote effective communication in the emerging public health incident setting and may be useful in informing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Khan
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 1V2
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Sarah Sanford
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 1V2
| | - Doug Sider
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 1V2
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | | | - Gary Garber
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 1V2
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | - Brian Schwartz
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 1V2
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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Wasilewski MB, Stinson JN, Cameron JI. Web-based health interventions for family caregivers of elderly individuals: A Scoping Review. Int J Med Inform 2017; 103:109-138. [PMID: 28550996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the growing proportion of elders globally, aging-related illnesses are primary causes of morbidity causing reliance on family members for support in the community. Family caregivers experience poorer physical and mental health than their non-caregiving counterparts. Web-based interventions can provide accessible support to family caregivers to offset declines in their health and well-being. Existing reviews focused on web-based interventions for caregivers have been limited to single illness populations and have mostly focused on the efficacy of the interventions. We therefore have limited insight into how web-based interventions for family caregiver have been developed, implemented and evaluated across aging-related illness. OBJECTIVES To describe: a) theoretical underpinnings of the literature; b) development, content and delivery of web-based interventions; c) caregiver usage of web-based interventions; d) caregiver experience with web-based interventions and e) impact of web-based interventions on caregivers' health outcomes. METHODS We followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews which entails setting research questions, selecting relevant studies, charting the data and synthesizing the results in a report. RESULTS Fifty-three publications representing 32 unique web-based interventions were included. Over half of the interventions were targeted at dementia caregivers, with the rest targeting caregivers to the stroke, cancer, diabetes and general frailty populations. Studies used theory across the intervention trajectory. Interventions aimed to improve a range of health outcomes for caregivers through static and interactive delivery methods Caregivers were satisfied with the usability and accessibility of the websites but usage was generally low and declined over time. Depression and caregiver burden were the most common outcomes evaluated. The interventions ranged in their impact on health and social outcomes but reductions in perception of caregiver burden were consistently observed. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers value interactive interventions that are tailored to their unique needs and the illness context. However, usage of the interventions was sporadic and declined over time, indicating that future interventions should address stage-specific needs across the caregiving trajectory. A systematic review has the potential to be conducted given the consistency in caregiver burden and depression as outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jill I Cameron
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Canada.
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Martin-Misener R, Kilpatrick K, Donald F, Bryant-Lukosius D, Rayner J, Valaitis R, Carter N, Miller PA, Landry V, Harbman P, Charbonneau-Smith R, McKinlay RJ, Ziegler E, Boesveld S, Lamb A. Nurse practitioner caseload in primary health care: Scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 62:170-82. [PMID: 27494430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify recommendations for determining patient panel/caseload size for nurse practitioners in community-based primary health care settings. DESIGN Scoping review of the international published and grey literature. DATA SOURCES The search included electronic databases, international professional and governmental websites, contact with experts, and hand searches of reference lists. Eligible papers had to (a) address caseload or patient panels for nurse practitioners in community-based primary health care settings serving an all-ages population; and (b) be published in English or French between January 2000 and July 2014. Level one testing included title and abstract screening by two team members. Relevant papers were retained for full text review in level two testing, and reviewed by two team members. A third reviewer acted as a tiebreaker. Data were extracted using a structured extraction form by one team member and verified by a second member. Descriptive statistics were estimated. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. RESULTS We identified 111 peer-reviewed articles and grey literature documents. Most of the papers were published in Canada and the United States after 2010. Current methods to determine panel/caseload size use large administrative databases, provider work hours and the average number of patient visits. Most of the papers addressing the topic of patient panel/caseload size in community-based primary health care were descriptive. The average number of patients seen by nurse practitioners per day varied considerably within and between countries; an average of 9-15 patients per day was common. Patient characteristics (e.g., age, gender) and health conditions (e.g., multiple chronic conditions) appear to influence patient panel/caseload size. Very few studies used validated tools to classify patient acuity levels or disease burden scores. DISCUSSION The measurement of productivity and the determination of panel/caseload size is complex. Current metrics may not capture activities relevant to community-based primary health care nurse practitioners. Tools to measure all the components of these role are needed when determining panel/caseload size. Outcomes research is absent in the determination of panel/caseload size. CONCLUSION There are few systems in place to track and measure community-based primary health care nurse practitioner activities. The development of such mechanisms is an important next step to assess community-based primary health care nurse practitioner productivity and determine patient panel/caseload size. Decisions about panel/caseload size must take into account the effects of nurse practitioner activities on outcomes of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Martin-Misener
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Box 15000, 5869 University Ave., Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Kelley Kilpatrick
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Research Center Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont CSA-RC-Aile bleue-Bureau F121, 5415 boul. l'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Faith Donald
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Denise Bryant-Lukosius
- School of Nursing & Dept. of Oncology, McMaster University, FHS-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Rayner
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Ruta Valaitis
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Nancy Carter
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Patricia A Miller
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Véronique Landry
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Research Center Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont CSA-RC-Aile bleue-Bureau F121, 5415 boul. l'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Patricia Harbman
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Renee Charbonneau-Smith
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - R James McKinlay
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Erin Ziegler
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Sarah Boesveld
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, HSC-3N28G, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Alyson Lamb
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Box 15000, 5869 University Ave., Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
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Murphy AL, Gardner DM. A scoping review of weight bias by community pharmacists towards people with obesity and mental illness. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2016; 149:226-35. [PMID: 27540405 DOI: 10.1177/1715163516651242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community pharmacists are accessible health care professionals who are increasingly offering weight management programs. People living with serious mental illness have markedly higher rates of obesity and associated illness outcomes than the general population, providing pharmacists who are interested in offering weight management services with an identifiable patient subgroup with increased health needs. Issues with stigma within obesity and mental illness care are prevalent and can lead to inequities and reduced quality of care. METHODS We conducted a scoping review to map and characterize the available information from published and grey literature sources regarding community pharmacists and weight bias towards obese people with lived experience of mental illness. A staged approach to the scoping review was used. RESULTS Six articles and 6 websites were abstracted after we removed duplicates and applied our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The published studies that we found indicated that pharmacists and pharmacy students do demonstrate implicit and explicit weight bias. CONCLUSIONS Very limited research is available regarding weight bias in pharmacists and stigma towards people with obesity, and we found no information on these phenomena relating to people with lived experience of mental illness. Investigations are needed to characterize the extent and nature of anti-fat bias and attitudes by pharmacists and the consequences of these attitudes for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Murphy
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Gardner), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - David M Gardner
- College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Gardner), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
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Schick-Makaroff K, MacDonald M, Plummer M, Burgess J, Neander W. What Synthesis Methodology Should I Use? A Review and Analysis of Approaches to Research Synthesis. AIMS Public Health 2016; 3:172-215. [PMID: 29546155 PMCID: PMC5690272 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2016.1.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When we began this process, we were doctoral students and a faculty member in a research methods course. As students, we were facing a review of the literature for our dissertations. We encountered several different ways of conducting a review but were unable to locate any resources that synthesized all of the various synthesis methodologies. Our purpose is to present a comprehensive overview and assessment of the main approaches to research synthesis. We use 'research synthesis' as a broad overarching term to describe various approaches to combining, integrating, and synthesizing research findings. METHODS We conducted an integrative review of the literature to explore the historical, contextual, and evolving nature of research synthesis. We searched five databases, reviewed websites of key organizations, hand-searched several journals, and examined relevant texts from the reference lists of the documents we had already obtained. RESULTS We identified four broad categories of research synthesis methodology including conventional, quantitative, qualitative, and emerging syntheses. Each of the broad categories was compared to the others on the following: key characteristics, purpose, method, product, context, underlying assumptions, unit of analysis, strengths and limitations, and when to use each approach. CONCLUSIONS The current state of research synthesis reflects significant advancements in emerging synthesis studies that integrate diverse data types and sources. New approaches to research synthesis provide a much broader range of review alternatives available to health and social science students and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Judy Burgess
- Student Services, University Health Services, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy Neander
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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A review of the use of ethionamide and prothionamide in childhood tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2015; 97:126-36. [PMID: 26586647 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ethionamide (ETH) and prothionamide (PTH), both thioamides, have proven efficacy in clinical studies and form important components for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens and for treatment of tuberculous meningitis in adults and children. ETH and PTH are pro-drugs that, following enzymatic activation by mycobacterial EthA inhibit InhA, a target shared with isoniazid (INH), and subsequently inhibit mycolic acid synthesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Co-resistance to INH and ETH is conferred by mutations in the mycobacterial inhA promoter region; mutations in the ethA gene often underlie ETH and PTH monoresistance. An oral daily dose of ETH or PTH of 15-20 mg/kg with a maximum daily dose of 1000 mg is recommended in children to achieve adult-equivalent serum concentrations shown to be efficacious in adults, although information on optimal pharmacodynamic targets is still lacking. Gastrointestinal disturbances, and hypothyroidism during long-term therapy, are frequent adverse effects observed in adults and children, but are rarely life-threatening and seldom necessitate cessation of ETH therapy. More thorough investigation of the therapeutic effects and toxicity of ETH and PTH is needed in childhood TB while child-friendly formulations are needed to appropriately dose children.
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Rowan M, Poole N, Shea B, Mykota D, Farag M, Hopkins C, Hall L, Mushquash C, Fornssler B, Dell CA. A scoping study of cultural interventions to treat addictions in Indigenous populations: methods, strategies and insights from a Two-Eyed Seeing approach. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2015; 10:26. [PMID: 26141750 PMCID: PMC4491216 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-015-0021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background This paper describes the methods, strategies and insights gained from a scoping study using a “Two-Eyed Seeing” approach. An evolving technique, Two-Eyed Seeing respects and integrates the strengths of Indigenous knowledge and Western sciences, often “weaving back and forth” between the two worldviews. The scoping study was used to inform a tool for measuring the impact of culturally based addictions treatment services on wellness in Indigenous populations. It formed part of a three-year study, Honouring Our Strengths: Indigenous Culture as Intervention in Addictions Treatment. The scoping study identified and mapped literature on cultural interventions in addictions treatment, and described the nature, extent and gaps in literature. Methods Using a Two-Eyed Seeing approach, we adapted, applied and enhanced a common framework of scoping studies. In the end stage of the scoping review process, an Ad Hoc Review Group, led by our project Elder, reviewed and interpreted Indigenous and Western understandings within the mapped information. Elements of the scoping study were joined with results from community focus groups with staff at treatment centres. Results Two-Eyed Seeing contributed differently at each stage of the scoping study. In early stages, it clarified team expertise and potential contributions. At the mid-point, it influenced our shift from a systematic to a scoping review. Near the end, it incorporated Western and Indigenous knowledge to interpret and synthesize evidence from multiple sources. Conclusions This paper adds to the collective work on augmenting the methodology of scoping studies. Despite the challenges of a Two-Eyed Seeing approach, it enables researchers using scoping studies to develop knowledge that is better able to translate into meaningful findings for Indigenous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Rowan
- Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, 1109 - 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A5, SK, Canada.
| | - Nancy Poole
- British Columbia Centre of Excellence for Women's Health, E311-4500 Oak St, Box 48, Vancouver, V6H 3 N1, BC, Canada.
| | - Beverley Shea
- Bruyère Research Institute, 85 Primrose Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1R 6 M1, Canada.
| | - David Mykota
- Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education, College of Education, University of Saskatchewan, 28 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 0X1, SK, Canada.
| | - Marwa Farag
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Room 2705, RUH, Saskatoon, S7N 5ES, SK, Canada.
| | - Carol Hopkins
- National Native Addictions Partnership Foundation Inc, Satellite Office 303 East River Road, Muncey, Ontario, N0L 1Y0, Canada.
| | - Laura Hall
- Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, 1109 - 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A5, SK, Canada.
| | - Christopher Mushquash
- Department of Psychology and Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd., Thunder Bay, P7B 5E1, ON, Canada.
| | - Barbara Fornssler
- Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, 1109 - 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A5, SK, Canada.
| | - Colleen Anne Dell
- Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, 1109 - 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A5, SK, Canada.
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Pollmann AS, Murphy AL, Bergman JC, Gardner DM. Deprescribing benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in community-dwelling adults: a scoping review. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 16:19. [PMID: 26141716 PMCID: PMC4491204 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-015-0019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term sedative use is prevalent and associated with significant morbidity, including adverse events such as falls, cognitive impairment, and sedation. The development of dependence can pose significant challenges when discontinuation is attempted as withdrawal symptoms often develop. We conducted a scoping review to map and characterize the literature and determine opportunities for future research regarding deprescribing strategies for long-term benzodiazepine and Z-drug (zopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) use in community-dwelling adults. METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, TRIP, and JBI Ovid databases and conducted a grey literature search. Articles discussing methods for deprescribing benzodiazepines or Z-drugs in community-dwelling adults were selected. RESULTS Following removal of duplicates, 2797 articles were reviewed for eligibility. Of these, 367 were retrieved for full-text assessment and 139 were subsequently included for review. Seventy-four (53%) articles were original research, predominantly randomized controlled trials (n = 52 [37%]), whereas 58 (42%) were narrative reviews and seven (5%) were guidelines. Amongst original studies, pharmacologic strategies were the most commonly studied intervention (n = 42 [57%]). Additional deprescribing strategies included psychological therapies (n = 10 [14%]), mixed interventions (n = 12 [16%]), and others (n = 10 [14%]). Behaviour change interventions were commonly combined and included enablement (n = 56 [76%]), education (n = 36 [47%]), and training (n = 29 [39%]). Gradual dose reduction was frequently a component of studies, reviews, and guidelines, but methods varied widely. CONCLUSIONS Approaches proposed for deprescribing benzodiazepines and Z-drugs are numerous and heterogeneous. Current research in this area using methods such as randomized trials and meta-analyses may too narrowly encompass potential strategies available to target this phenomenon. Realist synthesis methods would be well suited to understand the mechanisms by which deprescribing interventions work and why they fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- André S Pollmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Mail Box #259, 5849 University Avenue, Room C-125, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Andrea L Murphy
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 5968 College St, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Joel C Bergman
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 5968 College St, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - David M Gardner
- Department of Psychiatry and College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, QEII HSC, AJLB 7517, 5909 Veterans' Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, B3H 2E2, Canada.
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Hepburn CM, Cohen E, Bhawra J, Weiser N, Hayeems RZ, Guttmann A. Health system strategies supporting transition to adult care. Arch Dis Child 2015; 100:559-64. [PMID: 25688098 PMCID: PMC4453494 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from paediatric to adult care is associated with poor clinical outcomes, increased costs and low patient and family satisfaction. However, little is known about health system strategies to streamline and safeguard care for youth transitioning to adult services. Moreover, the needs of children and youth are often excluded from broader health system reform discussions, leaving this population especially vulnerable to system 'disintegration'. OBJECTIVES (1) To explore the international policy profile of paediatric-to-adult care transitions, and (2) to document policy objectives, initiatives and outcomes for jurisdictions publicly committed to addressing transition issues. METHODS An international policy scoping review of all publicly available government documents detailing transition-related strategies was completed using a web-based search. Our analysis included a comparable cohort of nine wealthy Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) jurisdictions with Beveridge-style healthcare systems (deemed those most likely to benefit from system-level transition strategies). RESULTS Few jurisdictions address transition of care issues in either health or broader social policy documents. While many jurisdictions refer to standardised practice guidelines, a few report the intention to use powerful policy levers (including physician remuneration and non-physician investments) to facilitate the uptake of best practice. Most jurisdictions do not address the policy infrastructure required to support successful transitions, and rigorous evaluations of transition strategies are rare. CONCLUSIONS Despite the well-documented risks and costs associated with a poor transition from paediatric to adult care, little policy attention has been paid to this issue. We recommend that healthcare providers engage health system planners in the design and evaluation of system-level, policy-sensitive transition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Moore Hepburn
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Paediatrics, Child Health Policy Initiative, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eyal Cohen
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Paediatrics, Child Health Policy Initiative, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jasmin Bhawra
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalie Weiser
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Z Hayeems
- Department of Paediatrics, Child Health Policy Initiative, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Paediatrics, Child Health Policy Initiative, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Thee S, Garcia-Prats A, Donald P, Hesseling A, Schaaf H. Fluoroquinolones for the treatment of tuberculosis in children. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2015; 95:229-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Procter S, Brooks F, Wilson P, Crouchman C, Kendall S. A case study of asthma care in school age children using nurse-coordinated multidisciplinary collaborative practices. J Multidiscip Healthc 2015; 8:181-8. [PMID: 25914542 PMCID: PMC4399592 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s71030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To describe the role of school nursing in leading and coordinating a multidisciplinary networked system of support for children with asthma, and to analyze the strengths and challenges of undertaking and supporting multiagency interprofessional practice. Background The growth of networked and interprofessional collaborations arises from the recognition that a number of the most pressing public health problems cannot be addressed by single-discipline or -agency interventions. This paper identifies the potential of school nursing to provide the vision and multiagency leadership required to coordinate multidisciplinary collaboration. Method A mixed-method single-case study design using Yin’s approach, including focus groups, interviews, and analysis of policy documents and public health reports. Results A model that explains the integrated population approach to managing school-age asthma is described; the role of the lead school nurse coordinator was seen as critical to the development and sustainability of the model. Conclusion School nurses can provide strategic multidisciplinary leadership to address pressing public health issues. Health service managers and commissioners need to understand how to support clinicians working across multiagency boundaries and to identify how to develop leadership skills for collaborative interprofessional practice so that the capacity for nursing and other health care professionals to address public health issues does not rely on individual motivation. In England, this will be of particular importance to the commissioning of public health services by local authorities from 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Procter
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, High Wycombe, UK
| | - Fiona Brooks
- Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care (CRIPACC), University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Patricia Wilson
- Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Carolyn Crouchman
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, High Wycombe, UK
| | - Sally Kendall
- Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care (CRIPACC), University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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Skar P, Bruce A, Sheets D. The organizational culture of emergency departments and the effect on care of older adults: A modified scoping study. Int Emerg Nurs 2015; 23:174-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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