1
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Liang Z, Guo Y, Diao X, Prentice BM. Enhancing Spatial Resolution in Tandem Mass Spectrometry Ion/Ion Reaction Imaging Experiments through Image Fusion. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1797-1805. [PMID: 38954826 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
We have recently developed a charge inversion ion/ion reaction to selectively derivatize phosphatidylserine lipids via gas-phase Schiff base formation. This tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) workflow enables the separation and detection of isobaric lipids in imaging mass spectrometry, but the images acquired using this workflow are limited to relatively poor spatial resolutions due to the current time and limit of detection requirements for these ion/ion reaction imaging mass spectrometry experiments. This trade-off between chemical specificity and spatial resolution can be overcome by using computational image fusion, which combines complementary information from multiple images. Herein, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept workflow that fuses a low spatial resolution (i.e., 125 μm) ion/ion reaction product ion image with higher spatial resolution (i.e., 25 μm) ion images from a full scan experiment performed using the same tissue section, which results in a predicted ion/ion reaction product ion image with a 5-fold improvement in spatial resolution. Linear regression, random forest regression, and two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2-D CNN) predictive models were tested for this workflow. Linear regression and 2D CNN models proved optimal for predicted ion/ion images of PS 40:6 and SHexCer d38:1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongling Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yingchan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Xizheng Diao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Boone M Prentice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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2
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Lee YJ, Hapuarachchige PNP, Larson EA, Le N, Forsman TT. Visualizing 13C-Labeled Metabolites in Maize Root Tips with Mass Spectrometry Imaging. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1434-1440. [PMID: 38820138 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Tracing in vivo isotope-labeled metabolites has been used to study metabolic pathways or flux analysis. However, metabolic differences between the cells have been often ignored in these studies due to the limitation of solvent-based extraction. Here we demonstrate that the mass spectrometry imaging of in vivo isotope-labeled metabolites, referred to as MSIi, can provide important insights into metabolic dynamics with cellular resolution that may supplement the traditional metabolomics and flux analysis. Developing maize root tips are adopted as a model system for MSIi by supplementing 200 mM [U-13C]glucose in 0.1x Hoagland medium. MSIi data sets were acquired for longitudinal sections of newly grown maize root tips after growing 5 days in the medium. A total of 56 metabolite features were determined to have been 13C-labeled based on accurate mass and the number of carbon matching with the metabolite databases. Simple sugars and their derivatives were fully labeled, but some small metabolites were partially labeled with a significant amount of fully unlabeled metabolites still present, suggesting the recycling of "old" metabolites in the newly grown tissues. Some distinct localizations were found, including the low abundance of hexose and its derivatives in the meristem, the high abundance of amino acids in the meristem, and the localization to epidermal and endodermal cells for lipids and their intermediates. Fatty acids and lipids were slow in metabolic turnover and showed various isotopologue distributions with intermediate building blocks, which may provide flux information for their biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Evan A Larson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Ngoc Le
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Trevor T Forsman
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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3
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Weigand MR, Unsihuay Vila DM, Yang M, Hu H, Hernly E, Muhoberac M, Tichy S, Laskin J. Lipid Isobar and Isomer Imaging Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Combined with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38321595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is widely used for examining the spatial distributions of molecules in biological samples. Conventional MSI approaches, in which molecules extracted from the sample are distinguished based on their mass-to-charge ratio, cannot distinguish between isomeric species and some closely spaced isobars. To facilitate isobar separation, MSI is typically performed using high-resolution mass spectrometers. Nevertheless, the complexity of the mixture of biomolecules observed in each pixel of the image presents a challenge, even for modern mass spectrometers with the highest resolving power. Herein, we implement nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) MSI on a triple quadrupole (QqQ) mass spectrometer for the spatial mapping of isobaric and isomeric species in biological tissues. We use multiple reaction monitoring acquisition mode (MRM) with unit mass resolution to demonstrate the performance of this new platform by imaging lipids in mouse brain and rat kidney tissues. We demonstrate that imaging in MRM mode may be used to distinguish between isobaric phospholipids requiring a mass resolving power of 3,800,000. Additionally, we have been able to image eicosanoid isomers, a largely unexplored class of signaling molecules present in tissues at low concentrations, in rat kidney tissue. This new capability substantially enhances the specificity and selectivity of MSI, enabling spatial localization of species that remain unresolved in conventional MSI experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R Weigand
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Daisy M Unsihuay Vila
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Manxi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Emerson Hernly
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matthew Muhoberac
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shane Tichy
- Agilent Technologies, 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd, Santa Clara, California 95051, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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4
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Qian Y, Guo X, Wang Y, Ouyang Z, Ma X. Mobility-Modulated Sequential Dissociation Analysis Enables Structural Lipidomics in Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312275. [PMID: 37946693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Spatial lipidomics based on mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool for fundamental biology studies and biomarker discovery. But the structure-resolving capability of MSI is limited because of the lack of multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method, primarily due to the small sample amount available from each pixel and the poor ion usage in MS/MS analysis. Here, we report a mobility-modulated sequential dissociation (MMSD) strategy for multiplex MS/MS imaging of distinct lipids from biological tissues. With ion mobility-enabled data-independent acquisition and automated spectrum deconvolution, MS/MS spectra of a large number of lipid species from each tissue pixel are acquired, at no expense of imaging speed. MMSD imaging is highlighted by MS/MS imaging of 24 structurally distinct lipids in the mouse brain and the revealing of the correlation of a structurally distinct phosphatidylethanolamine isomer (PE 18 : 1_18 : 1) from a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue. Mapping of structurally distinct lipid isomers is now enabled and spatial lipidomics becomes feasible for MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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5
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Heuckeroth S, Behrens A, Wolf C, Fütterer A, Nordhorn ID, Kronenberg K, Brungs C, Korf A, Richter H, Jeibmann A, Karst U, Schmid R. On-tissue dataset-dependent MALDI-TIMS-MS 2 bioimaging. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7495. [PMID: 37980348 PMCID: PMC10657435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) adds an additional separation dimension to mass spectrometry (MS) imaging, however, the lack of fragmentation spectra (MS2) impedes confident compound annotation in spatial metabolomics. Here, we describe spatial ion mobility-scheduled exhaustive fragmentation (SIMSEF), a dataset-dependent acquisition strategy that augments TIMS-MS imaging datasets with MS2 spectra. The fragmentation experiments are systematically distributed across the sample and scheduled for multiple collision energies per precursor ion. Extendable data processing and evaluation workflows are implemented into the open source software MZmine. The workflow and annotation capabilities are demonstrated on rat brain tissue thin sections, measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI)-TIMS-MS, where SIMSEF enables on-tissue compound annotation through spectral library matching and rule-based lipid annotation within MZmine and maps the (un)known chemical space by molecular networking. The SIMSEF algorithm and data analysis pipelines are open source and modular to provide a community resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Heuckeroth
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Carina Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Ilona D Nordhorn
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Kronenberg
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Brungs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ansgar Korf
- Bruker Daltonics GmbH & Co. KG, Bremen, Germany
| | - Henning Richter
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Diagnostic Imaging Research Unit (DIRU), University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Jeibmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Robin Schmid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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6
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Specker JT, Prentice BM. Separation of Isobaric Lipids in Imaging Mass Spectrometry Using Gas-Phase Charge Inversion Ion/Ion Reactions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:1868-1878. [PMID: 37276072 PMCID: PMC10641901 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The diverse array of chemical compounds present in tissue samples results in many isobaric (i.e., same nominal mass) compounds in imaging mass spectrometry experiments. Adequate separation and differentiation of these compounds is necessary to ensure accurate analyte identification and avoid composite images comprising multiple compounds. High-resolution accurate mass (HRAM) measurements are able to resolve these compounds in some instances, but HRAM measurements are not always feasible depending on the instrument platform and the desired experimental time scale. Alternatively, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) can be used to perform gas-phase transformations that improve molecular specificity. While conventional MS/MS methods employ collision induced dissociation (CID) to fragment compounds of interest and then analyze the product masses, gas-phase ion/ion reactions can be used to instead selectively react with desired classes of analytes. Herein, we have used gas-phase charge inversion ion/ion reactions to selectively resolve phosphatidylcholines (PCs) in isobaric lipid mixtures. A 1,4-phenylenedipropionic acid (PDPA) reagent dianion readily reacts with [M + H]+, [M + Na]+, and [M + K]+ ion types to produce demethylated product anions for each PC, [PC - CH3]-. These product anions are no longer isobaric and now differ in mass by 22 Da (protonated versus sodiated) and 16 Da (sodiated versus potassiated), respectively. This reaction has been used to differentiate isobaric lipids in the imaging mass spectrometry analysis of rat brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boone M. Prentice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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7
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Joignant AN, Ritter MM, Knizner KT, Garrard KP, Kullman SW, Muddiman DC. Maximized Spatial Information and Minimized Acquisition Time of Top-Hat IR-MALDESI-MSI of Zebrafish Using Nested Regions of Interest (nROIs). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2043-2050. [PMID: 37526449 PMCID: PMC11137852 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the spatial resolution of a mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method results in a more defined heatmap of the spatial distribution of molecules across a sample, but it is also associated with the disadvantage of increased acquisition time. Decreasing the area of the region of interest to achieve shorter durations results in the loss of potentially valuable information in larger specimens. This work presents a novel MSI method to reduce the time of MSI data acquisition with variable step size imaging: nested regions of interest (nROIs). Using nROIs, a small ROI may be imaged at a higher spatial resolution while nested inside a lower-spatial-resolution peripheral ROI. This conserves the maximal spatial and chemical information generated from target regions while also decreasing the necessary acquisition time. In this work, the nROI method was characterized on mouse liver and applied to top-hat MSI of zebrafish using a novel optical train, which resulted in a significant improvement in both acquisition time and spatial detail of the zebrafish. The nROI method can be employed with any step size pairing and adapted to any method in which the acquisition time of larger high-resolution ROIs poses a practical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena N Joignant
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Morgan M Ritter
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kevan T Knizner
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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8
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Dong Y, Shachaf N, Feldberg L, Rogachev I, Heinig U, Aharoni A. PICA: Pixel Intensity Correlation Analysis for Deconvolution and Metabolite Identification in Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1652-1662. [PMID: 36594613 PMCID: PMC9850408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In-source fragmentation (ISF) is a naturally occurring phenomenon in various ion sources including soft ionization techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). It has traditionally been minimized as it makes the dataset more complex and often leads to mis-annotation of metabolites. Here, we introduce an approach termed PICA (for pixel intensity correlation analysis) that takes advantage of ISF in MALDI imaging to increase confidence in metabolite identification. In PICA, the extraction and association of in-source fragments to their precursor ion results in "pseudo-MS/MS spectra" that can be used for identification. We examined PICA using three different datasets, two of which were published previously and included validated metabolites annotation. We show that highly colocalized ions possessing Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) ≥ 0.9 for a given precursor ion are mainly its in-source fragments, natural isotopes, adduct ions, or multimers. These ions provide rich information for their precursor ion identification. In addition, our results show that moderately colocalized ions (PCC < 0.9) may be structurally related to the precursor ion, which allows for the identification of unknown metabolites through known ones. Finally, we propose three strategies to reduce the total computation time for PICA in MALDI imaging. To conclude, PICA provides an efficient approach to extract and group ions stemming from the same metabolites in MALDI imaging and thus allows for high-confidence metabolite identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dong
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel,Department
of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Nir Shachaf
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Liron Feldberg
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Israel Institute
for Biological Research, Ness Ziona7410001, Israel
| | - Ilana Rogachev
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel,Department
of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel,. Phone: +972 544 784259
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9
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Baquer G, Sementé L, Mahamdi T, Correig X, Ràfols P, García-Altares M. What are we imaging? Software tools and experimental strategies for annotation and identification of small molecules in mass spectrometry imaging. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21794. [PMID: 35822576 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a widespread analytical technique to perform nonlabeled spatial molecular identification. The Achilles' heel of MSI is the annotation and identification of molecular species due to intrinsic limitations of the technique (lack of chromatographic separation and the difficulty to apply tandem MS). Successful strategies to perform annotation and identification combine extra analytical steps, like using orthogonal analytical techniques to identify compounds; with algorithms that integrate the spectral and spatial information. In this review, we discuss different experimental strategies and bioinformatics tools to annotate and identify compounds in MSI experiments. We target strategies and tools for small molecule applications, such as lipidomics and metabolomics. First, we explain how sample preparation and the acquisition process influences annotation and identification, from sample preservation to the use of orthogonal techniques. Then, we review twelve software tools for annotation and identification in MSI. Finally, we offer perspectives on two current needs of the MSI community: the adaptation of guidelines for communicating confidence levels in identifications; and the creation of a standard format to store and exchange annotations and identifications in MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Baquer
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluc Sementé
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Toufik Mahamdi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut D'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pere Ràfols
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut D'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María García-Altares
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Dong C, Richardson LT, Solouki T, Murray KK. Infrared Laser Ablation Microsampling with a Reflective Objective. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:463-470. [PMID: 35104132 PMCID: PMC8895455 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A Schwarzschild reflective objective with a numerical aperture of 0.3 and working distance of 10 cm was used for laser ablation sampling of tissue for off-line mass spectrometry. The objective focused the laser to a diameter of 5 μm and produced 10 μm ablation spots on thin ink films and tissue sections. Rat brain tissue sections 50 μm thick were ablated in transmission geometry, and the ablated material was captured in a microcentrifuge tube containing solvent. Proteins from ablated tissue sections were quantified with a Bradford assay, which indicated that approximately 300 ng of protein was captured from a 1 mm2 area of ablated tissue. Areas of tissue ranging from 0.01 to 1 mm2 were ablated and captured for bottom-up proteomics. Proteins were extracted from the captured tissue and digested for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis for peptide and protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Luke T. Richardson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Touradj Solouki
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Kermit K. Murray
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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11
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Banstola B, Murray KK. A nanoparticle co-matrix for multiple charging in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging of tissue. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35 Suppl 1:e8424. [PMID: 30822818 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A two-component matrix of 2-nitrophloroglucinol (2-NPG) and silica nanoparticles was used for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging of high-charge-state biomolecules in tissue. Potential advantages include increased effective mass range and efficiency of fragmentation. METHODS A mixture of 2-NPG matrix and silica nanoparticles was applied to cyrosectioned 10 μm thick mouse brain tissue. The mixture was pipetted onto the tissue for profiling and sprayed for tissue imaging. MALDI images were obtained under high vacuum in a commercial time-of-flight mass spectrometer. RESULTS The combined 2-NPG and nanoparticle matrix produced highly charged ions from tissue with high-vacuum MALDI. Nanoparticles of 20, 70, 400, and 1000 nm in diameter were tested, the 20 nm particles producing the highest charge states. Images of mouse brain tissue obtained from highly charged ions show similar spatial localization. CONCLUSIONS The combined 2-NPG and nanoparticle matrix produces highly charged ions from tissue through a mechanism that may rely on the high surface area of the particles which can dry the tissue, and their ability to bind analyte molecules thereby assisting in crystal formation and production of multiply charged ions on laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Banstola
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Kermit K Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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12
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Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. Single-Cell Metabolomics by Mass Spectrometry Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1280:69-82. [PMID: 33791975 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms achieve their complex living activities through the highly organized metabolic interplay of individual cells and tissues. This complexity has driven the need to spatially resolve metabolomics down to the cellular and subcellular level. Recent technological advances have enabled mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), especially matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), to become a powerful tool for the visualization of molecular species down to subcellular spatial resolution. In the present chapter, we summarize recent advances in the field of MALDI-MSI, with respect to single-cell level resolution metabolomics directly on tissue. In more detail, we focus on advancements in instrumentation for MSI at single-cell resolution, and the applications towards metabolomic scale imaging. Finally, we discuss new computational tools to aid in metabolite identification, future perspective, and the overall direction that the field of single-cell metabolomics directly on tissue may take in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Dueñas
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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13
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Specker JT, Van Orden SL, Ridgeway ME, Prentice BM. Identification of Phosphatidylcholine Isomers in Imaging Mass Spectrometry Using Gas-Phase Charge Inversion Ion/Ion Reactions. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13192-13201. [PMID: 32845134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase ion/ion reactions have been enabled on a commercial dual source, hybrid QhFT-ICR mass spectrometer for use during imaging mass spectrometry experiments. These reactions allow for the transformation of the ion type most readily generated from the tissue surface to an ion type that gives improved chemical structural information upon tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) without manipulating the tissue sample. This process is demonstrated via the charge inversion reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid cations generated from rat brain tissue via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) with 1,4-phenylenedipropionic acid (PDPA) reagent dianions generated via electrospray ionization (ESI). Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the resulting demethylated PC product anions allows for the determination of the lipid fatty acyl tail identities and positions, which is not possible via CID of the precursor lipid cations. The abundance of lipid isomers revealed by this workflow is found to vary significantly in different regions of the brain. As each isoform may have a unique cellular function, these results underscore the importance of accurately separating and identifying the many isobaric and isomeric lipids and metabolites that can complicate image interpretation and spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Specker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - Mark E Ridgeway
- Bruker Daltonics, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Boone M Prentice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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14
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Wang T, Cheng X, Xu H, Meng Y, Yin Z, Li X, Hang W. Perspective on Advances in Laser-Based High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 92:543-553. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hexin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yifan Meng
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhibin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Hang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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15
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Prentice BM, McMillen JC, Caprioli RM. Multiple TOF/TOF Events in a Single Laser Shot for Multiplexed Lipid Identifications in MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 437:30-37. [PMID: 30906202 PMCID: PMC6424509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is often used to identify lipids in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) workflows. The molecular specificity afforded by MS/MS is crucial on MALDI time-of-flight (TOF) platforms that generally lack high resolution accurate mass measurement capabilities. Unfortunately, imaging MS/MS workflows generally only monitor a single precursor ion over the imaged area, limiting the throughput of this methodology. Herein, we demonstrate that multiple TOF/TOF events performed in each laser shot can be used to improve the throughput of imaging MS/MS. This is shown to enable the simultaneous identification of multiple phosphatidylcholine lipids in rat brain tissue. Uniquely, the separation in time achieved for the precursor ions in the TOF-1 region of the instrument is maintained for the fragment ions as they are analyzed in TOF-2, allowing for the differentiation of fragment ions of the exact same m/z derived from different precursor ions (e.g., the m/z 163 fragment ion from precursor ion m/z 772.5 is easily distinguished from the m/z 163 fragment ion from precursor ion m/z 826.5). This multiplexed imaging MS/MS approach allows for the acquisition of complete fragment ion spectra for multiple precursor ions per laser shot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boone M. Prentice
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Josiah C. McMillen
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Address correspondence to: Dr. R. M. Caprioli, 9160 MRB III, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Phone: (615)322-4336, Fax: (615) 343-8372,
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16
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A high-performance bio-tissue imaging method using air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Nagy G, Veličković D, Chu RK, Carrell AA, Weston DJ, Ibrahim YM, Anderton CR, Smith RD. Towards resolving the spatial metabolome with unambiguous molecular annotations in complex biological systems by coupling mass spectrometry imaging with structures for lossless ion manipulations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:306-309. [PMID: 30534702 PMCID: PMC6537888 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07482h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the coupling of liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA) to structures for lossless ion manipulations in conjunction with serpentine ultralong path with extending routing (SLIM SUPER) ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) for the unambiguous annotation of important isomeric glycoforms in carbon-fixing communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabe Nagy
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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18
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Wei Q, Zhang M, Ogorevc B, Zhang X. Recent advances in the chemical imaging of human fingermarks (a review). Analyst 2018; 141:6172-6189. [PMID: 27704072 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01121g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the considerable advances in the chemical imaging of human fingermarks that provide more chemical information, including numerous endogenous and exogenous constituents. Despite remarkable development in DNA analysis and recognition, human fingermark analysis remains one of the priority approaches available for obtaining reliable forensic evidence. Additional information about the donor can be obtained from the chemical composition of latent fingermarks in addition to the ridge pattern, such as the age, gender, medical history, and possible drug habits. The analytical approaches reviewed here include spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, immuno-labelling and electrochemical methods. Each method has different capabilities with respect to sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, reliability and ultimately applicability, either for use in routine forensic practice or in academic research work. The advantages of spectroscopic techniques, including infrared, Raman and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, are the capabilities of a rapid and non-destructive imaging of fingermarks by providing spectral information on chemical composition. In addition, mass spectrometry imaging can provide spatially specific information on fingermark chemical composition. Recently, the use of immuno-labelling in latent fingermark detection has attracted significant attention because it can overcome the sensitivity and selectivity problems experienced with other existing methods. The electrochemical method has also been employed to image latent fingermarks by measuring the electric current changes with the spatial chemical composition from the ridges and valleys at high resolution to provide a third level of detail, which is especially useful for multicoloured background surfaces or for surfaces contaminated with blood or other bodily fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Wei
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Meiqin Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Božidar Ogorevc
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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19
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Feldberg L, Dong Y, Heinig U, Rogachev I, Aharoni A. DLEMMA-MS-Imaging for Identification of Spatially Localized Metabolites and Metabolic Network Map Reconstruction. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10231-10238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liron Feldberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Yonghui Dong
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Rogachev
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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20
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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21
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Automated, parallel mass spectrometry imaging and structural identification of lipids. Nat Methods 2018; 15:515-518. [PMID: 29786091 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-018-0010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report a method that enables automated data-dependent acquisition of lipid tandem mass spectrometry data in parallel with a high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging experiment. The method does not increase the total image acquisition time and is combined with automatic structural assignments. This lipidome-per-pixel approach automatically identified and validated 104 unique molecular lipids and their spatial locations from rat cerebellar tissue.
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22
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Hinners P, O'Neill KC, Lee YJ. Revealing Individual Lifestyles through Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Chemical Compounds in Fingerprints. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5149. [PMID: 29581473 PMCID: PMC5979955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fingerprints, specifically the ridge details within the print, have long been used in forensic investigations for individual identification. Beyond the ridge detail, fingerprints contain useful chemical information. The study of fingerprint chemical information has become of interest, especially with mass spectrometry imaging technologies. Mass spectrometry imaging visualizes the spatial relationship of each compound detected, allowing ridge detail and chemical information in a single analysis. In this work, a range of exogenous fingerprint compounds that may reveal a personal lifestyle were studied using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). Studied chemical compounds include various brands of bug sprays and sunscreens, as well as food oils, alcohols, and citrus fruits. Brand differentiation and source determination were possible based on the active ingredients or exclusive compounds left in fingerprints. Tandem mass spectrometry was performed for the key compounds, so that these compounds could be confidently identified in a single multiplex mass spectrometry imaging data acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Hinners
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kelly C O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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23
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Veličković D, Chu RK, Carrell AA, Thomas M, Paša-Tolić L, Weston DJ, Anderton CR. Multimodal MSI in Conjunction with Broad Coverage Spatially Resolved MS 2 Increases Confidence in Both Molecular Identification and Localization. Anal Chem 2017; 90:702-707. [PMID: 29210566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
One critical aspect of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is the need to confidently identify detected analytes. While orthogonal tandem MS (e.g., LC-MS2) experiments from sample extracts can assist in annotating ions, the spatial information about these molecules is lost. Accordingly, this could cause mislead conclusions, especially in cases where isobaric species exhibit different distributions within a sample. In this Technical Note, we employed a multimodal imaging approach, using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI and liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA)-MS2I, to confidently annotate and localize a broad range of metabolites involved in a tripartite symbiosis system of moss, cyanobacteria, and fungus. We found that the combination of these two imaging modalities generated very congruent ion images, providing the link between highly accurate structural information onfered by LESA and high spatial resolution attainable by MALDI. These results demonstrate how this combined methodology could be very useful in differentiating metabolite routes in complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alyssa A Carrell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | | | | | - David J Weston
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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24
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Hansen RL, Lee YJ. Overlapping MALDI-Mass Spectrometry Imaging for In-Parallel MS and MS/MS Data Acquisition without Sacrificing Spatial Resolution. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1910-1918. [PMID: 28493035 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics experiments require chemical identifications, often through MS/MS analysis. In mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), this necessitates running several serial tissue sections or using a multiplex data acquisition method. We have previously developed a multiplex MSI method to obtain MS and MS/MS data in a single experiment to acquire more chemical information in less data acquisition time. In this method, each raster step is composed of several spiral steps and each spiral step is used for a separate scan event (e.g., MS or MS/MS). One main limitation of this method is the loss of spatial resolution as the number of spiral steps increases, limiting its applicability for high-spatial resolution MSI. In this work, we demonstrate multiplex MS imaging is possible without sacrificing spatial resolution by the use of overlapping spiral steps, instead of spatially separated spiral steps as used in the previous work. Significant amounts of matrix and analytes are still left after multiple spectral acquisitions, especially with nanoparticle matrices, so that high quality MS and MS/MS data can be obtained on virtually the same tissue spot. This method was then applied to visualize metabolites and acquire their MS/MS spectra in maize leaf cross-sections at 10 μm spatial resolution. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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25
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Prentice BM, Caprioli RM, Vuiblet V. Label-free molecular imaging of the kidney. Kidney Int 2017; 92:580-598. [PMID: 28750926 PMCID: PMC6193761 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we will highlight technologies that enable scientists to study the molecular characteristics of tissues and/or cells without the need for antibodies or other labeling techniques. Specifically, we will focus on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boone M Prentice
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
| | - Vincent Vuiblet
- Biophotonic Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7369 URCA, Reims, France; Nephropathology, Department of Biopathology Laboratory, CHU de Reims, Reims, France; Nephrology and Renal Transplantation department, CHU de Reims, Reims, France.
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26
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Hansen RL, Lee YJ. High-Spatial Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging: Toward Single Cell Metabolomics in Plant Tissues. CHEM REC 2017; 18:65-77. [PMID: 28685965 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool that has advanced our understanding of complex biological processes by enabling unprecedented details of metabolic biology to be uncovered. Through the use of high-spatial resolution MSI, metabolite localizations can be obtained with high precision. Here we describe our recent progress to enhance the spatial resolution of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MSI from ∼50 μm with the commercial configuration to ∼5 μm. Additionally, we describe our efforts to develop a 'multiplex MSI' data acquisition method to allow more chemical information to be obtained on a single tissue in a single instrument run, and the development of new matrices to improve the ionization efficiency for a variety of small molecule metabolites. In combination, these contributions, along with the efforts of others, will bring MSI experiments closer to achieving metabolomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 35 A Roy J Carver Co-Lab, 1111 WOI Road Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 35 A Roy J Carver Co-Lab, 1111 WOI Road Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
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27
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Belov ME, Ellis SR, Dilillo M, Paine MRL, Danielson WF, Anderson GA, de Graaf EL, Eijkel GB, Heeren RMA, McDonnell LA. Design and Performance of a Novel Interface for Combined Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization at Elevated Pressure and Electrospray Ionization with Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7493-7501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin R. L. Paine
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Gert B. Eijkel
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- M4I,
The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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28
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Feenstra AD, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. Five Micron High Resolution MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Simple, Interchangeable, Multi-Resolution Optical System. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:434-442. [PMID: 28050871 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High-spatial resolution mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is crucial for the mapping of chemical distributions at the cellular and subcellular level. In this work, we improved our previous laser optical system for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-MSI, from ~9 μm practical laser spot size to a practical laser spot size of ~4 μm, thereby allowing for 5 μm resolution imaging without oversampling. This is accomplished through a combination of spatial filtering, beam expansion, and reduction of the final focal length. Most importantly, the new laser optics system allows for simple modification of the spot size solely through the interchanging of the beam expander component. Using 10×, 5×, and no beam expander, we could routinely change between ~4, ~7, and ~45 μm laser spot size, in less than 5 min. We applied this multi-resolution MALDI-MSI system to a single maize root tissue section with three different spatial resolutions of 5, 10, and 50 μm and compared the differences in imaging quality and signal sensitivity. We also demonstrated the difference in depth of focus between the optical systems with 10× and 5× beam expanders. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Feenstra
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Maria Emilia Dueñas
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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29
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Trim PJ, Snel MF. Small molecule MALDI MS imaging: Current technologies and future challenges. Methods 2016; 104:127-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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30
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TransOmic analysis of forebrain sections in Sp2 conditional knockout embryonic mice using IR-MALDESI imaging of lipids and LC-MS/MS label-free proteomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3453-74. [PMID: 26942738 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative methods for detection of biological molecules are needed more than ever before in the emerging age of "omics" and "big data." Here, we provide an integrated approach for systematic analysis of the "lipidome" in tissue. To test our approach in a biological context, we utilized brain tissue selectively deficient for the transcription factor Specificity Protein 2 (Sp2). Conditional deletion of Sp2 in the mouse cerebral cortex results in developmental deficiencies including disruption of lipid metabolism. Silver (Ag) cationization was implemented for infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) to enhance the ion abundances for olefinic lipids, as these have been linked to regulation by Sp2. Combining Ag-doped and conventional IR-MALDESI imaging, this approach was extended to IR-MALDESI imaging of embryonic mouse brains. Further, our imaging technique was combined with bottom-up shotgun proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis and western blot for comparing Sp2 conditional knockout (Sp2-cKO) and wild-type (WT) cortices of tissue sections. This provided an integrated omics dataset which revealed many specific changes to fundamental cellular processes and biosynthetic pathways. In particular, step-specific altered abundances of nucleotides, lipids, and associated proteins were observed in the cerebral cortices of Sp2-cKO embryos.
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31
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Abstract
Plant-omics is rapidly becoming an important field of study in the scientific community due to the urgent need to address many of the most important questions facing humanity today with regard to agriculture, medicine, biofuels, environmental decontamination, ecological sustainability, etc. High-performance mass spectrometry is a dominant tool for interrogating the metabolomes, peptidomes, and proteomes of a diversity of plant species under various conditions, revealing key insights into the functions and mechanisms of plant biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gemperline
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Caitlin Keller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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32
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Prentice BM, Caprioli RM. The Need for Speed in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry. POSTDOC JOURNAL : A JOURNAL OF POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH AND POSTDOCTORAL AFFAIRS 2016; 4:3-13. [PMID: 27570788 PMCID: PMC4996283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has emerged as a powerful analytical tool enabling the direct molecular mapping of many types of tissue. Specifically, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization (MALDI) represents one of the most broadly applicable IMS technologies. In recent years, advances in solid state laser technology, mass spectrometry instrumentation, computer technology, and experimental methodology have produced IMS systems capable of unprecedented data acquisition speeds (>50 pixels/second). In applications of this technology, throughput is an important consideration when designing an IMS experiment. As IMS becomes more widely adopted, continual improvements in experimental setups will be important to address biologically and clinically relevant time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boone M. Prentice
- Department of Biochemistry Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Mass Spectrometry Research Center Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Mass Spectrometry Research Center Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
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33
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Cai Y, Liu P, Held MA, Dewald HD, Chen H. Coupling Electrochemistry with Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1104-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cai
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Edison Biotechnology Institute Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Edison Biotechnology Institute Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA
| | - Michael A. Held
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Edison Biotechnology Institute Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA
| | - Howard D. Dewald
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Edison Biotechnology Institute Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Edison Biotechnology Institute Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA
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Feenstra AD, O'Neill KC, Yagnik GB, Lee YJ. Organic–inorganic binary mixture matrix for comprehensive laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometric analysis and imaging of medium-size molecules including phospholipids, glycerolipids, and oligosaccharides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A binary matrix of DHB and Fe3O4 NPs provides broad coverage for medium size metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D. Feenstra
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
| | | | - Gargey B. Yagnik
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
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35
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Comi TJ, Ryu SW, Perry RH. Synchronized Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2015; 88:1169-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Troy J. Comi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Seung Woo Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Richard H. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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OuYang C, Chen B, Li L. High Throughput In Situ DDA Analysis of Neuropeptides by Coupling Novel Multiplex Mass Spectrometric Imaging (MSI) with Gas-Phase Fractionation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1992-2001. [PMID: 26438126 PMCID: PMC4837696 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool to map the spatial distribution of biomolecules on tissue sections. Recent developments of hybrid MS instruments allow combination of different types of data acquisition by various mass analyzers into a single MSI analysis, which reduces experimental time and sample consumptions. Here, using the well-characterized crustacean nervous system as a test-bed, we explore the utility of high resolution and accurate mass (HRAM) MALDI Orbitrap platform for enhanced in situ characterization of the neuropeptidome with improved chemical information. Specifically, we report on a multiplex-MSI method, which combines HRAM MSI with data dependent acquisition (DDA) tandem MS analysis in a single experiment. This method enables simultaneous mapping of neuropeptide distribution, sequence validation, and novel neuropeptide discovery in crustacean neuronal tissues. To enhance the dynamic range and efficiency of in situ DDA, we introduced a novel approach of fractionating full m/z range into several sub-mass ranges and embedding the setup using the multiplex-DDA-MSI scan events to generate pseudo fractionation before MS/MS scans. The division of entire m/z into multiple segments of m/z sub-ranges for MS interrogation greatly decreased the complexity of molecular species from tissue samples and the heterogeneity of the distribution and variation of intensities of m/z peaks. By carefully optimizing the experimental conditions such as the dynamic exclusion, the multiplex-DDA-MSI approach demonstrates better performance with broader precursor coverage, less biased MS/MS scans towards high abundance molecules, and improved quality of tandem mass spectra for low intensity molecular species. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzi OuYang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Bingming Chen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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37
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Boughton BA, Thinagaran D, Sarabia D, Bacic A, Roessner U. Mass spectrometry imaging for plant biology: a review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2015; 15:445-488. [PMID: 27340381 PMCID: PMC4870303 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-015-9440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a developing technique to measure the spatio-temporal distribution of many biomolecules in tissues. Over the preceding decade, MSI has been adopted by plant biologists and applied in a broad range of areas, including primary metabolism, natural products, plant defense, plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress, plant lipids and the developing field of spatial metabolomics. This review covers recent advances in plant-based MSI, general aspects of instrumentation, analytical approaches, sample preparation and the current trends in respective plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berin A. Boughton
- />Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Dinaiz Thinagaran
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Daniel Sarabia
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- />ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- />Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
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Sumner LW, Lei Z, Nikolau BJ, Saito K. Modern plant metabolomics: advanced natural product gene discoveries, improved technologies, and future prospects. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:212-29. [PMID: 25342293 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00072b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolomics has matured and modern plant metabolomics has accelerated gene discoveries and the elucidation of a variety of plant natural product biosynthetic pathways. This review covers the approximate period of 2000 to 2014, and highlights specific examples of the discovery and characterization of novel genes and enzymes associated with the biosynthesis of natural products such as flavonoids, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Additional examples of the integration of metabolomics with genome-based functional characterizations of plant natural products that are important to modern pharmaceutical technology are also reviewed. This article also provides a substantial review of recent technical advances in mass spectrometry imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, integrated LC-MS-SPE-NMR for metabolite identifications, and X-ray crystallography of microgram quantities for structural determinations. The review closes with a discussion on the future prospects of metabolomics related to crop species and herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd W Sumner
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, USA.
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39
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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40
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Prentice BM, Chumbley CW, Caprioli RM. High-speed MALDI MS/MS imaging mass spectrometry using continuous raster sampling. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:703-10. [PMID: 26149115 PMCID: PMC4498415 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight/time of flight tandem mass spectrometer (MALDI TOF/TOF) has been used for high-speed precursor/fragment ion transition image acquisition. High-throughput analysis is facilitated by an Nd:YLF solid state laser capable of pulse repetition rates up to 5 kHz, a high digitizer acquisition rate (up to 50 pixels/s), and continuous laser raster sampling. MS/MS experiments are enabled through the use of a precision timed ion selector, second source acceleration, and a dedicated collision cell. Continuous raster sampling is shown here to facilitate rapid MS/MS ion image acquisition from thin tissue sections for the drug rifampicin and for a common kidney lipid, SM4s(d18:1/24:1). The ability to confirm the structural identity of an analyte as part of the MS/MS imaging experiment is an essential part of the analysis. Additionally, the increase in sensitivity and specificity afforded by an MS/MS approach is highly advantageous, especially when interrogating complex chemical environments such as those in biological tissues. Herein, we report continuous laser raster sampling TOF/TOF imaging methodologies which demonstrate 8 to 14-fold increases in throughput compared with existing MS/MS instrumentation, an important advantage when imaging large areas on tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boone M. Prentice
- Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Chad W. Chumbley
- Department of Chemistry, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Chemistry, Nashville, TN 37232
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Nashville, TN 37232
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41
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Korte AR, Yagnik GB, Feenstra AD, Lee YJ. Multiplex MALDI-MS imaging of plant metabolites using a hybrid MS system. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1203:49-62. [PMID: 25361666 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1357-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant tissues present intriguing systems for study by mass spectrometry imaging, as they exhibit a complex metabolism and a high degree of spatial localization. This chapter presents a methodology for preparation of plant tissue sections for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) analysis and the use of a hybrid mass spectrometer for "multiplex" imaging. The multiplex method described here provides a wide range of analytical information, including high-resolution, accurate mass imaging and tandem MS scans for structural information, all within a single experiment. While this procedure was developed for plant tissues, it can be readily adapted for analysis of other sample types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Korte
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, USA
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Feenstra AD, Hansen RL, Lee YJ. Multi-matrix, dual polarity, tandem mass spectrometry imaging strategy applied to a germinated maize seed: toward mass spectrometry imaging of an untargeted metabolome. Analyst 2015; 140:7293-304. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging strategy to allow for visualization and identification of compounds on tissue to help understand plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D. Feenstra
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
| | - Rebecca L. Hansen
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Ames Laboratory-US DOE
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43
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Mass spectrometric analysis of spatio-temporal dynamics of crustacean neuropeptides. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1854:798-811. [PMID: 25448012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides represent one of the largest classes of signaling molecules used by nervous systems to regulate a wide range of physiological processes. Over the past several years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based strategies have revolutionized the discovery of neuropeptides in numerous model organisms, especially in decapod crustaceans. Here, we focus our discussion on recent advances in the use of MS-based techniques to map neuropeptides in the spatial domain and monitoring their dynamic changes in the temporal domain. These MS-enabled investigations provide valuable information about the distribution, secretion and potential function of neuropeptides with high molecular specificity and sensitivity. In situ MS imaging and in vivo microdialysis are highlighted as key technologies for probing spatio-temporal dynamics of neuropeptides in the crustacean nervous system. This review summarizes the latest advancement in MS-based methodologies for neuropeptide analysis including typical workflow and sample preparation strategies as well as major neuropeptide families discovered in decapod crustaceans. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neuroproteomics: Applications in Neuroscience and Neurology.
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44
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Berisha A, Dold S, Guenther S, Desbenoit N, Takats Z, Spengler B, Römpp A. A comprehensive high-resolution mass spectrometry approach for characterization of metabolites by combination of ambient ionization, chromatography and imaging methods. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1779-91. [PMID: 25559448 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE An ideal method for bioanalytical applications would deliver spatially resolved quantitative information in real time and without sample preparation. In reality these requirements can typically not be met by a single analytical technique. Therefore, we combine different mass spectrometry approaches: chromatographic separation, ambient ionization and imaging techniques, in order to obtain comprehensive information about metabolites in complex biological samples. METHODS Samples were analyzed by laser desorption followed by electrospray ionization (LD-ESI) as an ambient ionization technique, by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging for spatial distribution analysis and by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS) for quantitation and validation of compound identification. All MS data were acquired with high mass resolution and accurate mass (using orbital trapping and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers). Grape berries were analyzed and evaluated in detail, whereas wheat seeds and mouse brain tissue were analyzed in proof-of-concept experiments. RESULTS In situ measurements by LD-ESI without any sample preparation allowed for fast screening of plant metabolites on the grape surface. MALDI imaging of grape cross sections at 20 µm pixel size revealed the detailed distribution of metabolites which were in accordance with their biological function. HPLC/ESI-MS was used to quantify 13 anthocyanin species as well as to separate and identify isomeric compounds. A total of 41 metabolites (amino acids, carbohydrates, anthocyanins) were identified with all three approaches. Mass accuracy for all MS measurements was better than 2 ppm (root mean square error). CONCLUSIONS The combined approach provides fast screening capabilities, spatial distribution information and the possibility to quantify metabolites. Accurate mass measurements proved to be critical in order to reliably combine data from different MS techniques. Initial results on the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat seed and phospholipids in mouse brain as a model for mammalian tissue indicate a broad applicability of the presented workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arton Berisha
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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45
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MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing In Situ Metabolism of Endogenous Metabolites and Dietary Phytochemicals. Metabolites 2014; 4:319-46. [PMID: 24957029 PMCID: PMC4101509 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the spatial distribution of bioactive small molecules is indispensable for elucidating their biological or pharmaceutical roles. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables determination of the distribution of ionizable molecules present in tissue sections of whole-body or single heterogeneous organ samples by direct ionization and detection. This emerging technique is now widely used for in situ label-free molecular imaging of endogenous or exogenous small molecules. MSI allows the simultaneous visualization of many types of molecules including a parent molecule and its metabolites. Thus, MSI has received much attention as a potential tool for pathological analysis, understanding pharmaceutical mechanisms, and biomarker discovery. On the other hand, several issues regarding the technical limitations of MSI are as of yet still unresolved. In this review, we describe the capabilities of the latest matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI technology for visualizing in situ metabolism of endogenous metabolites or dietary phytochemicals (food factors), and also discuss the technical problems and new challenges, including MALDI matrix selection and metabolite identification, that need to be addressed for effective and widespread application of MSI in the diverse fields of biological, biomedical, and nutraceutical (food functionality) research.
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46
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Veličković D, Ropartz D, Guillon F, Saulnier L, Rogniaux H. New insights into the structural and spatial variability of cell-wall polysaccharides during wheat grain development, as revealed through MALDI mass spectrometry imaging. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:2079-91. [PMID: 24600018 PMCID: PMC3991742 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans (AX) and (1→3),(1→4)-β-glucans (BG) are the major components of wheat grain cell walls. Although incompletely described at the molecular level, it is known that the chemical and distributional heterogeneity of these compounds impacts the quality and use of wheat. In this work, an emerging technique based on MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was employed to map variations in the quantity, localization, and structure of these polysaccharides in the endosperm during wheat maturation. MALDI MSI couples detailed structural information with the spatial localization observed at the micrometer scale. The enzymic hydrolysis of AX and BG was performed directly on the grain sections, resulting in the efficient formation of smaller oligosaccharides that are easily measurable through MS, with no relocation across the grain. The relative quantification of the generated oligosaccharides was achieved. The method was validated by confirming data previously obtained using other analytical techniques. Furthermore, in situ analysis of grain cell walls through MSI revealed previously undetectable intense acetylation of AX in young compared to mature grains, together with findings concerning the feruloylation of AX and different structural features of BG. These results provide new insights into the physiological roles of these polysaccharides in cell walls and the specificity of the hydrolytic enzymes involved.
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47
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Horn PJ, Chapman KD. Lipidomics in situ: Insights into plant lipid metabolism from high resolution spatial maps of metabolites. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 54:32-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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48
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Lanekoff I, Burnum-Johnson K, Thomas M, Short J, Carson JP, Cha J, Dey SK, Yang P, Conaway MCP, Laskin J. High-speed tandem mass spectrometric in situ imaging by nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9596-603. [PMID: 24040919 PMCID: PMC3867692 DOI: 10.1021/ac401760s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), high-resolution mass analysis of the fragment ions (m/Δm = 17 500 at m/z 200), and rapid spectral acquisition enabled simultaneous imaging and identification of a large number of metabolites and lipids from 92 selected m/z windows (±1 Da) with a spatial resolution of better than 150 μm. Mouse uterine sections of implantation sites on day 6 of pregnancy were analyzed in the ambient environment without any sample pretreatment. MS/MS imaging was performed by scanning the sample under the nano-DESI probe at 10 μm/s, while higher-energy collision-induced dissociation (HCD) spectra were acquired for a targeted inclusion list of 92 m/z values at a rate of ∼6.3 spectra/s. Molecular ions and their corresponding fragments, separated by high-resolution mass analysis, were assigned on the basis of accurate mass measurement. Using this approach, we were able to identify and image both abundant and low-abundance isobaric and isomeric species within each m/z window. MS/MS analysis enabled efficient separation and identification of isomeric and isobaric phospholipids that are difficult to separate in full-scan mode. Furthermore, we identified several metabolites associated with early pregnancy and obtained the first 2D images of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Lanekoff
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
| | - Kristin Burnum-Johnson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
| | - Mathew Thomas
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
| | - Joshua Short
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
| | - James P. Carson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
| | - Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Sudhansu K. Dey
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | | | | | - Julia Laskin
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352
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Griffiths RL, Sarsby J, Guggenheim EJ, Race AM, Steven RT, Fear J, Lalor PF, Bunch J. Formal lithium fixation improves direct analysis of lipids in tissue by mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7146-53. [PMID: 23879734 DOI: 10.1021/ac400737z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful method for imaging and in situ characterization of lipids in thin tissue sections. Structural elucidation of lipids is often achieved via collision induced dissociation, and lithium-lipid adducts have been widely reported as providing the most structurally informative fragment ions. We present a method for the incorporation of lithium salts into tissue imaging experiments via fixation of samples in formal lithium solutions. The method is suitable for preparation of single tissue sections, or as an immersion fixation method for whole tissue blocks or organs prior to sectioning. We compare lithium adduct detection and MALDI-MSI of murine brain from analysis of tissues prepared in different ways. Tissues prepared in formal solutions containing lithium or sodium salts before coating in matrix via air-spray deposition are compared with fresh samples coated in lithium-doped matrix preparations by either dry-coating or air-spray deposition. Sample preparation via fixation in formal lithium is shown to yield the highest quality images of lithium adducts, resulting in acquisition of more informative product ion spectra in MALDI MS/MS profiling and imaging experiments. Finally, the compatibility of formal lithium solutions with standard histological staining protocols (hemotoxylin and eosin, Van Giessen and Oil Red O) is demonstrated in a study of human liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian L Griffiths
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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50
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Ye H, Wang J, Greer T, Strupat K, Li L. Visualizing neurotransmitters and metabolites in the central nervous system by high resolution and high accuracy mass spectrometric imaging. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1049-56. [PMID: 23607816 DOI: 10.1021/cn400065k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial localization and molecular distribution of metabolites and neurotransmitters within biological organisms is of tremendous interest to neuroscientists. In comparison to conventional imaging techniques such as immunohistochemistry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) has demonstrated its unique advantage by directly localizing the distribution of a wide range of biomolecules simultaneously from a tissue specimen. Although MALDI-MSI of metabolites and neurotransmitters is hindered by numerous matrix-derived peaks, high-resolution and high-accuracy mass spectrometers (HRMS) allow differentiation of endogenous analytes from matrix peaks, unambiguously obtaining biomolecular distributions. In this study, we present MSI of metabolites and neurotransmitters in rodent and crustacean central nervous systems acquired on HRMS. Results were compared with those obtained from a medium-resolution mass spectrometer (MRMS), tandem time-of-flight instrument, to demonstrate the power and unique advantages of HRMSI and reveal how this new tool would benefit molecular imaging applications in neuroscience.
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