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Zhou J, Huang H, Wang Q, Li Z, Chen S, Yu J, Zhong Y, Chen J, Huang H. Extended-Gate FET Biosensor Based on GaN Micropillar Array and Polycrystalline Layer: Application to Hg 2+ Detection in Human Urine. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7577-7584. [PMID: 38696338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the separation of field-effect transistor (FET) devices from sensing environments, extended-gate FET (EGFET) biosensor features high stability and low cost. Herein, a highly sensitive EGFET biosensor based on a GaN micropillar array and polycrystalline layer (GMP) was fabricated, which was prepared by using simple one-step low-temperature MOCVD growth. In order to improve the sensitivity and detection limit of EGFET biosensor, the surface area and the electrical conductivity of extended-gate electrode can be increased by the micropillar array and the polycrystalline layer, respectively. The designed GMP-EGFET biosensor was modified with l-cysteine and applied for Hg2+ detection with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 ng/L, a high sensitivity of -16.3 mV/lg(μg/L) and a wide linear range (1 ng/L-24.5 μg/L). In addition, the detection of Hg2+ in human urine was realized with an LOD of 10 ng/L, which was more than 30 times lower than that of reported sensors. To our knowledge, it is the first time that GMP was used as extended-gate of EGFET biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhirui Li
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shunji Chen
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jun Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of PR Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Electrical & Electronic Experimental Center, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huolin Huang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrument Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Lin SP, Lee WJ, Sun MC, Yang YH, Vinzons LU, Lin YM, Wei YT. Nano-Brush Structure for Rapid Label-Free Differentiation of Alzheimer's Disease Stages and Direct Capture of Neuron-Derived Exosomes from Human Blood Plasma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56478-56489. [PMID: 37994569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of the neurofilament light chain (NFL) in human blood plasma/serum is a promising liquid biopsy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, offering advantages over conventional neuroimaging techniques recommended in clinical guidelines. Here, a controllable nano-brush structure comprising upstanding silicon nanowires coated with indium tin oxide was employed as the sensing substrate. This nano-brush structure was modified with an NFL antibody (NFLAb) via silane coupling and then further connected as the extended gate in a field-effect transistor (EGFET). Notable signal differences emerged within a 2 min timeframe, enabling the label-free differentiation in human blood plasmas among four distinct cohorts: healthy controls, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to AD. Our study indicates that achieving a surface roughness exceeding 400 nm on the modified nano-brush structure enables the effective electrical sensing in our EGFETs. These distinct electrical responses measured via the NFLAb-modified nano-brush EGFETs can be attributed to the combined effects of the captured NFLs and NFL-specific neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) found in dementia patients, as confirmed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the potential of quantitatively detecting NDEs on the NFLAb-modified nano-brush structure was demonstrated using spiked solutions containing NFL-specific NDEs from IMR-32 neuroblast cells, wherein concentration-dependent changes were observed in the EGFETs output signal. Our findings show that the NFLAb-modified nano-brush EGFET enables rapid, label-free differentiation between healthy individuals and patients at varying stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Dementia Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
- Faculty of Medicine and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan 112304, Republic of China
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
| | - Man-Cheng Sun
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hsiu Yang
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Dementia Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
| | - Lester Uy Vinzons
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Mei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Yu J, Huang W, Jin Z, Li J. Detection of L-cysteine in urine samples based on CdS/TiO 2-modified extended-gate field-effect transistor photoelectrochemical sensor. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:280. [PMID: 37392256 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel extended-gate field-effect transistor (FET) photoelectrochemical (EGFET PEC) sensor was designed for highly sensitive detection of L-cysteine (L-Cys). TiO2 was initially modified on the ITO electrode by the sol-gel dip-coating method and calcined to produce TiO2/ITO. Then, CdS was synthesized on the TiO2 surface by hydrothermal method to obtain the CdS-TiO2 heterojunction material. CdS/TiO2/ITO was connected to the gate of the FET to obtain an EGFET PEC sensor. Under the irradiation of a xenon lamp simulating visible light, the CdS/TiO2 heterojunction composite absorbs light energy to produce photogenerated electron-hole pairs, which have strong photocatalytic oxidation activity and oxidize L-Cys covalently identified by Cd(II) through CdS covalent. These pairs generate a photovoltage that controls the current between the source and the drain to detect L-Cys. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the optical drain current (ID) of the sensor exhibited a good linear relationship with the logarithm of L-Cys in the range of 5.0 × 10-9-1.0 × 10-6 mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.3 × 10-9 mol/L (S/N = 3), which is lower than the values reported by other detection methods. Results showed that the CdS/TiO2/ITO EGFET PEC sensor revealed high sensitivity and good selectivity. The sensor has been used to determine L-Cys in urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiarui Yu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanjin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenhuan Jin
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianping Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
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Chandrasekar N, Balaji R, Perala RS, Nik Humaidi NZ, Shanmugam K, Liao YC, Hwang MT, Govindaraju S. A Brief Review of Graphene-Based Biosensors Developed for Rapid Detection of COVID-19 Biomarkers. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030307. [PMID: 36979519 PMCID: PMC10046683 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of mutated species of COVID-19 antigens has provided a strong impetus for identifying a cost-effective, rapid and facile strategy for identifying the viral loads in public places. The ever-changing genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 posts a significant challenfge for the research community to identify a robust mechanism to target, bind and confirm the presence of a viral load before it spreads. Synthetic DNA constructs are a novel strategy to design complementary DNA sequences specific for antigens of interest as in this review's case SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Small molecules, complementary DNA and protein-DNA complexes have been known to target analytes in minimal concentrations. This phenomenon can be exploited by nanomaterials which have unique electronic properties such as ballistic conduction. Graphene is one such candidate for designing a device with a very low LOD in the order of zeptomolar and attomolar concentrations. Surface modification will be the significant aspect of the device which needs to have a high degree of sensitivity at the same time as providing a rapid signaling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendhar Chandrasekar
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramachandran Balaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ramaswamy Sandeep Perala
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Nik Zulkarnine Nik Humaidi
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kirubanandan Shanmugam
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Michael Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Saravanan Govindaraju
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
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5
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Zhou F, Pan W, Chang Y, Su X, Duan X, Xue Q. A Supported Lipid Bilayer-Based Lab-on-a-Chip Biosensor for the Rapid Electrical Screening of Coronavirus Drugs. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2084-2092. [PMID: 35735978 PMCID: PMC9236208 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid spread and multigeneration variation of coronavirus, rapid drug development has become imperative. A major obstacle to addressing this issue is adequately constructing the cell membrane at the molecular level, which enables in vitro observation of the cell response to virus and drug molecules quantitatively, shortening the drug experiment cycle. Herein, we propose a rapid and label-free supported lipid bilayer-based lab-on-a-chip biosensor for the screening of effective inhibition drugs. An extended gate electrode was prepared and functionalized by an angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor-incorporated supported lipid bilayer (SLB). Such an integrated system can convert the interactions of targets and membrane receptors into real-time charge signals. The platform can simulate the cell membrane microenvironment in vitro and accurately capture the interaction signal between the target and the cell membrane with minimized interference, thus observing the drug action pathway quantitatively and realizing drug screening effectively. Due to these label-free, low-cost, convenient, and integrated advantages, it is a suitable candidate method for the rapid drug screening for the early treatment and prevention of worldwide spread of coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenwei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ye Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueyou Su
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiannan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments,
School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
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6
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Rapid and low-cost, and disposable electrical sensor using an extended gate field-effect transistor for cardiac troponin I detection. Biomed Eng Lett 2022; 12:197-203. [PMID: 35529342 PMCID: PMC9046487 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-022-00219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Field effect transistor (FET) biosensor is based on metal oxide field effect transistor that is gated by changes in the surface charges induced the reaction of biomolecules. In most cases of FET biosensor, FET biosensor is not being reused after the reaction; therefore, it is an important concept of investigate the biosensor with simplicity, cheap and reusability. However, the conventional cardiac troponin I (cTnI) sensing technique is inadequate owing to its low sensitivity and high operational time and cost. In this study, we developed a rapid and low-cost, and disposable electrical sensor using an extended gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) to detect cTnI, as a key biomarker for myocardiac infarction. We first investigated pH sensing characteristics according to the pH level, which provided a logarithmically linear sensitivity in the pH sensing buffer solution of approximately 57.9 mV/pH. Subsequently, we prepared a cTnI sample and monitored the reaction between cTnI and cTnI antibodies through the changes in the drain current and transfer curves. Our results showed that the EGFET biosensor could successfully detect the cTnI levels as well as the pH with low-cost and rapid detection.
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Zhang G, Zeng H, Liu J, Nagashima K, Takahashi T, Hosomi T, Tanaka W, Yanagida T. Nanowire-based sensor electronics for chemical and biological applications. Analyst 2021; 146:6684-6725. [PMID: 34667998 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Detection and recognition of chemical and biological species via sensor electronics are important not only for various sensing applications but also for fundamental scientific understanding. In the past two decades, sensor devices using one-dimensional (1D) nanowires have emerged as promising and powerful platforms for electrical detection of chemical species and biologically relevant molecules due to their superior sensing performance, long-term stability, and ultra-low power consumption. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the recent progress and achievements in 1D nanowire synthesis, working principles of nanowire-based sensors, and the applications of nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological analytes detection and recognition. In addition, some critical issues that hinder the practical applications of 1D nanowire-based sensor electronics, including device reproducibility and selectivity, stability, and power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, challenges, perspectives, and opportunities for developing advanced and innovative nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological applications are featured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Jiangyang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Nagashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takuro Hosomi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Wataru Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yanagida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
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Li L, Zhang J, Dai H, Cai D, Guo C, Xiao Y, Ma X, Wang Y. A Bio-inspired Extended-Gate Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistor for Highly Sensitive Amino Acid Enantiodiscrimination. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14425-14431. [PMID: 34672522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As the most important small molecules revealing the origins of life, amino acids (AAs) play essential roles in living organisms and their facile enantiodiscrimination has long been a great challenge for analytical chemists. Inspired by the specific stereomatching effect between biomolecules and AA enantiomers, herein, we first developed a bio-inspired highly sensitive platform based on an extended-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (EG-MOSFET) for highly sensitive AA enantiodiscrimination. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was self-assembled on deposited Au surfaces to afford the extended gate (EG) sensing unit, and its enantiorecognition ability was initially verified using common electrochemical techniques. The EG was thereafter installed to a MOSFET to build the desired BSA-EG-MOSFET highly sensitive chiral sensing platform, which realized the efficient enantiodiscrimination of essential AAs with high sensitivity, where effective chiral resolution was achieved at the femtomole level to phenylalanine (Phe). Combining molecular docking and circular dichroism spectroscopy, the weak intermolecular interactions between BSA and AAs enantiomers were investigated and the mechanism for signal amplification was proposed. Our results demonstrate that the as-fabricated biosensor has great potential in highly sensitive chiral sensing fields and can also afford a potential tool for biomolecular interaction investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials, Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Deyu Cai
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Caijun Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
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9
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Ma J, Du M, Wang C, Xie X, Wang H, Li T, Chen S, Zhang L, Mao S, Zhou X, Wu M. Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by an Enhanced Nanobiosensor. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3367-3376. [PMID: 34470206 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) mostly spreads from person to person through Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). However, the majority of conventional detection methods for MTB cannot satisfy the requirements for actual TB detection. As one of the most promising powerful platforms, a silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) biosensor shows good prospect in TB detection. In this study, an enhanced SiNW-FET biosensor was developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of MTB. The surface functional parameters of the biosensor were explored and optimized. The SiNW-FET biosensor has good sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.01 fg/mL toward protein. The current change value shows a linear upward trend with the increase in protein concentration in the range of 1 fg/mL to 100 μg/mL. One whole test cycle can be accomplished within only 30 s. More importantly, a good distinction was realized in the sputum without pretreatment between normal people and TB patients, which greatly shortened the TB detection time (only 2-5 min, considering the dilution of sputum). Compared with other methods, the SiNW-FET biosensor can detect MTB with a remarkably broad dynamic linear range in a shorter time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Manman Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xinwu Xie
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin 300161, PR China
- National Bio-Protection Engineering Center, Tianjin 300161, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin 300161, PR China
- School of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China
| | - Tie Li
- Science and Technology on Micro-system Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- State Key Laboratories of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Shixing Chen
- Science and Technology on Micro-system Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- State Key Laboratories of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Shun Mao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, PR China
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10
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Kraut M, Pantle F, Wörle S, Sirotti E, Zeidler A, Eckmann F, Stutzmann M. Influence of environmental conditions and surface treatments on the photoluminescence properties of GaN nanowires and nanofins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:495703. [PMID: 34399419 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1dd1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to their intrinsically large surface-to-volume ratio, nanowires and nanofins interact strongly with their environment. We investigate the role of the main air constituents nitrogen, oxygen and water on the efficiency of radiative recombination in GaN nanostructures as a function of different surface treatments and at temperatures up to 200 °C. Oxygen and water exposures exhibit a complex behavior as they can both act quenching and enhancing on the photoluminescence intensity dependent on the temperature. For oxygen, these characteristics are already observed for low concentrations of below 0.5% in nitrogen. While the photoluminescence intensity changes induced by oxygen occur independently of illumination, the influence of water is light-induced: it evolves within tens of seconds under ultraviolet light exposure and is heavily influenced by the nanostructure pre-treatment. In contrast to observations in dry atmospheres, water prevents a recovery of the photoluminescence intensity in the dark. Combined measurements of the electrical current through GaN nanofins and their photoluminescence intensity reveal the environmental influence on the interaction of non-radiative recombination processes and changes in the surface band bending of the nanostructures. Several investigated solvents show an enhancing effect on the PL intensity increase, peaking in c-hexane with a 26-fold increase after 6 min of light exposure. Stabilization of the PL intensity was achieved by a passivation of the GaN surface with GaxOy, and ZnO shells. Surprisingly, Al2O3coatings resulted in a highly instable PL intensity during the first minutes of illumination. Our findings reveal the high importance of controlled environmental conditions for the investigation of nanostructures, especially when aimed at their applications in the fields of environmental sensing, photo-catalysis and light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Kraut
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Pantle
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Simon Wörle
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Elise Sirotti
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas Zeidler
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Felix Eckmann
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Stutzmann
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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11
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Cao Y, Zheng Z, Monbouquette HG. Nucleic acid amplification-free detection of DNA and RNA at ultralow concentration. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 71:145-150. [PMID: 34375812 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The broad spectrum of approaches for nucleic acid amplification-free detection of DNA and RNA at single-digit attomolar (10-18 M) concentration and lower is reviewed. These low concentrations correspond roughly to the most clinically desirable detection range for pathogen-specific nucleic acid as well as the detection limits of commercially available, nucleic acid amplification tests based primarily on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The need for more rapid and inexpensive, yet still highly accurate tests, has become evident during the pandemic. It is expected that publication of reports describing improved tests will accelerate soon, and this review covers the wide variety of detection methods based on both optical and electrical measurements that have been conceived over recent years, enabled generally by the advent of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhenrong Zheng
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Harold G Monbouquette
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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12
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Abstract
In this study, the In0.9Ga0.1O sensing membrane were deposited by using the RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature and combined with commercial MOSFETs as the extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) pH sensors. The sensing performance of the In0.9Ga0.1O EGFET pH sensors were measured and analyzed in the pH value of range between 2 to 12. In the saturation region, the pH current sensitivity calculated from the linear relationship between the IDS and pH value was approximately 56.64 μA/pH corresponding to the linearity of 97.8%. In the linear region, the pH voltage sensitivity exhibited high sensitivity and linearity of 43.7 mV/pH and 96.3%, respectively. The In0.9Ga0.1O EGFET pH sensors were successfully fabricated and exhibited great linearity. The analyzed results indicated that the In0.9Ga0.1O was a robust material as a promising sensing membrane and effectively used for pH sensing detection application.
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13
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Luchian T, Mereuta L, Park Y, Asandei A, Schiopu I. Single-molecule, hybridization-based strategies for short nucleic acids detection and recognition with nanopores. Proteomics 2021; 22:e2100046. [PMID: 34275186 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has seen large developments over the last 30 years through the combination of detection and discovery of DNAs, and solid phase synthesis to increase the chemical functionalities on nucleic acids, leading to the emergence of novel and sophisticated in features, nucleic acids-based biopolymers. Arguably, nanopores developed for fast and direct detection of a large variety of molecules, are part of a revolutionary technological evolution which led to cheaper, smaller and considerably easier to use devices enabling DNA detection and sequencing at the single-molecule level. Through their versatility, the nanopore-based tools proved useful biomedicine, nanoscale chemistry, biology and physics, as well as other disciplines spanning materials science to ecology and anthropology. This mini-review discusses the progress of nanopore- and hybridization-based DNA detection, and explores a range of state-of-the-art applications afforded through the combination of certain synthetically-derived polymers mimicking nucleic acids and nanopores, for the single-molecule biophysics on short DNA structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Luchian
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Mereuta
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Alina Asandei
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Sciences Department, "Alexandru I. Cuza" University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Schiopu
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Sciences Department, "Alexandru I. Cuza" University, Iasi, Romania
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14
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Yu J, Lin J, Li J. A photoelectrochemical sensor based on an acetylcholinesterase-CdS/ZnO-modified extended-gate field-effect transistor for glyphosate detection. Analyst 2021; 146:4595-4604. [PMID: 34160494 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00797a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new photoelectrochemical enzyme biosensor based on an extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) was constructed for the highly sensitive detection of glyphosate based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by glyphosate. First, a two-step hydrothermal method was used to introduce ZnO and CdS onto an activated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode to prepare a CdS/ZnO/ITO electrode. Then, AChE was immobilized on CdS/ZnO/ITO with chitosan to obtain an AChE/CdS/ZnO EGFET sensor. Under optimal experimental conditions, the logarithmic value of glyphosate in the range of 1.0 × 10-15-1.0 × 10-11 mol L-1 exhibited a good linear relationship with the photo-drain current response. The detection limit was 3.8 × 10-16 mol L-1 (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The results show that the AChE/CdS/ZnO EGFET sensor has extremely high sensitivity and good selectivity. Moreover, the sensor was used for the determination of glyphosate in vegetables, demonstrating its application for the real-time detection of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Jingyu Lin
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Jianping Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China. and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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15
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Li L, Ma X, Xiao Y, Wang Y. Construction and Application of Graphene Oxide-Bovine Serum Albumin Modified Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Chiral Sensor. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113921. [PMID: 34200213 PMCID: PMC8201299 DOI: 10.3390/s21113921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is an essential natural attribute of organisms. Chiral molecules exhibit differences in biochemical processes, pharmacodynamics, and toxicological properties, and their enantioselective recognition plays an important role in explaining life science processes and guiding drug design. Herein, we developed an ultra-sensitive enantiomer recognition platform based on an extended-gate metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect-transistor (Nafion–GO@BSA–EG-MOSFET) that achieved effective chiral resolution of ultra-sensitive Lysine (Lys) and α-Methylbenzylamine (α-Met) enantiodiscrimination at the femtomole level. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was immobilized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) through amide bond coupling to prepare the GO@BSA complex. GO@BSA was drop-cast on deposited Au surfaces with a Nafion solution to afford the extended-gate sensing unit. Effective recognition of chiral enantiomers of mandelic acid (MA), tartaric acid (TA), tryptophan (Trp), Lys and α-Met was realized. Moreover, the introduction of GO reduced non-specific adsorption, and the chiral resolution concentration of α-Met reached the level of picomole in a 5-fold diluted fetal bovine serum (FBS). Finally, the chiral recognition mechanism of the as-fabricated sensor was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.W.)
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16
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Zhang M, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Li S, Wang F. Piezocatalytic Effect Induced Hydrogen Production from Water over Non-noble Metal Ni Deposited Ultralong GaN Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10916-10924. [PMID: 33635070 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric material-based catalysis that relies on an external stress-induced piezopotential has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy toward various chemical reactions. In this work, non-noble metal Ni-decorated ultralong monocrystal GaN nanowires (NWs) were prepared through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, followed by a photodeposition method. The piezocatalytic activity of the GaN NWs was enhanced by ∼9 times after depositing the Ni cocatalyst, generating hydrogen gas of ∼88.3 μmol·g-1·h-1 under ultrasonic vibration (110 W and 40 kHz), which is comparable to that of Pt-loaded GaN NWs. Moreover, Ni/GaN NWs with smaller diameters (∼100 nm) demonstrated superior piezocatalytic efficiency, which can be attributed to the large piezoelectric potential evidenced by both finite-element analysis and piezoresponse force microscopy measurements. These results demonstrate the promising application potential of non-noble metal loaded GaN nanostructures in hydrogen generation driven by weak mechanical energy from the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shiyin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhao
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Shun Li
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- GaN Device Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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17
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Sedki M, Shen Y, Mulchandani A. Nano-FET-enabled biosensors: Materials perspective and recent advances in North America. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 176:112941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Han D, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Ji J, Sang S, Xu B. Synthesis of highly crystalline black phosphorus thin films on GaN. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:24429-24436. [PMID: 33300892 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06764d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) has recently garnered significant attention due to its specific physical properties. At present, high-quality few-layer and thin-film BP is obtained principally by mechanical exfoliation, restricting its device applications in the future. Here, a facile, direct synthesis of highly crystalline thin-film BP on GaN(001) substrates is achieved by conversion of red phosphorus to BP under atmospheric pressure. The synthesized ≈100-500 nm thick BP thin films with a length ranging from 4 to 15 μm can maintain long-term stability with no sign of oxidation after 5 months of exposure to ambient conditions, as indicated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Cross-sectional spherical aberration correction transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis of the entire thin-film BP sample did not show any aggregation nucleation through the selected sample. The interface of the BP/GaN heterostructure is atomically sharp, which is very critical for high-performance device fabrication using a direct step in the future. And it is worth noting that there are fluctuations of a few atoms on the surface of GaN. Moreover, using first-principles approaches, here we establish a novel kinetic pathway for fabricating thin-film BP via epitaxial growth. The step of fluctuations with a few atoms on the GaN surface are first preferentially covered by P adatoms, then P adatoms cover the remaining part. Once formed, such a structure of thin-film BP is stable, as tested using EDS and STEM. Combining the results of the experiment and simulation, it can be revealed that the P adatom on undulatory GaN is sufficiently mobile and the undulating surface of GaN plays a major role in forming high-quality thin-films of BP. The preferentially covered nearby step growth mechanism discovered here may enable the mass production of high-quality thin-film BP, and could also be instrumental in achieving the epitaxial growth of thin-film BP on GaN and other 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, China.
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19
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Cheung KM, Abendroth JM, Nakatsuka N, Zhu B, Yang Y, Andrews AM, Weiss PS. Detecting DNA and RNA and Differentiating Single-Nucleotide Variations via Field-Effect Transistors. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5982-5990. [PMID: 32706969 PMCID: PMC7439785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We detect short oligonucleotides and distinguish between sequences that differ by a single base, using label-free, electronic field-effect transistors (FETs). Our sensing platform utilizes ultrathin-film indium oxide FETs chemically functionalized with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The ssDNA-functionalized semiconducting channels in FETs detect fully complementary DNA sequences and differentiate these sequences from those having different types and locations of single base-pair mismatches. Changes in charge associated with surface-bound ssDNA vs double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) alter FET channel conductance to enable detection due to differences in DNA duplex stability. We illustrate the capability of ssDNA-FETs to detect complementary RNA sequences and to distinguish from RNA sequences with single nucleotide variations. The development and implementation of electronic biosensors that rapidly and sensitively detect and differentiate oligonucleotides present new opportunities in the fields of disease diagnostics and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M Abendroth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bowen Zhu
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anne M Andrews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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20
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Woo K, Kang W, Lee K, Lee P, Kim Y, Yoon TS, Cho CY, Park KH, Ha MW, Lee HH. Enhancement of cortisol measurement sensitivity by laser illumination for AlGaN/GaN transistor biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 159:112186. [PMID: 32364939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device was used as an immuno biosensor to measure concentration of a stress hormone, cortisol, by using selective binding on cortisol monoclonal antibody (c-Mab). Also, the HEMT sensor was enhanced in its sensitivity through light illumination to generate photocurrent. The optical pumping could assist the biosensor to discriminate more detailed change, which could result in an increment of limit of detection (LOD) to 1.0 pM cortisol level. It was the lowest level of detection with semiconductor device-based cortisol biosensors and the enhancement of surface potential sensitivity was induced by laser light (532 nm). Output current amplificated by photocurrent was higher than dark original current at about 3.39% when gate voltage is applied with -3 V. Since the device could be applied to not only standard cortisol solution but also real human salivary sample, it is expected to apply for in vitro direct diagnosis of point-of-care test (POCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungmin Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyu Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilwoo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjae Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Yoon
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Chu-Young Cho
- Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Park
- Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Ha
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Kwon J, Lee Y, Lee T, Ahn JH. Aptamer-Based Field-Effect Transistor for Detection of Avian Influenza Virus in Chicken Serum. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5524-5531. [PMID: 32148026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) is significant for preventing and controlling a global pandemic. However, there is no existing electrical biosensor for detecting biomarkers for AIV in clinically relevant samples such as chicken serum. Herein, we report the first use of an aptamer-functionalized field-effect transistor (FET) as a label-free sensor for AIV detection in chicken serum. A DNA aptamer is employed as a sensitive and selective receptor for hemagglutinin (HA) protein, which is a biomarker for AIVs. This aptamer is immobilized on a gold microelectrode that is connected to the gate of a reusable FET transducer. The specific binding of the target protein results in a change in the surface potential, which generates a signal response of the FET transducer. We hypothesize that a conformational change in the DNA aptamer upon specific binding of HA protein may alter the surface potential. The signal of the aptamer-based FET biosensor increased linearly with the increase in the logarithm of HA protein concentration in a dynamic range of 10 pM to 10 nM with a detection limit of 5.9 pM. The selectivity of the biosensor for HA protein was confirmed by employing relevant interfering proteins. The proposed biosensor was successfully applied to the selective detection of HA protein in a chicken serum sample. Owing to its simple and low-cost architecture, portability, and sensitivity, the aptamer-based FET biosensor has potential as a point-of-care diagnosis of H5N1 AIVs in clinical samples.
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22
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Wang J, Gu Z, Liu X, Zhao L, Peng H, Li J. An electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay platform for protein analysis based on magnetic beads and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. Analyst 2020; 145:2725-2730. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01809c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensors have the characteristics of high sensitivity, stability and fast response in the detection of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huoxiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215125
- People's Republic of China
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23
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Dorfman KD, Adrahtas DZ, Thomas MS, Frisbie CD. Microfluidic opportunities in printed electrolyte-gated transistor biosensors. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:011301. [PMID: 32002104 PMCID: PMC6984978 DOI: 10.1063/1.5131365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Printed electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) are an emerging biosensor platform that leverage the facile fabrication engendered by printed electronics with the low voltage operation enabled by ion gel dielectrics. The resulting label-free, nonoptical sensors have high gain and provide sensing operations that can be challenging for conventional chemical field effect transistor architectures. After providing an overview of EGT device fabrication and operation, we highlight opportunities for microfluidic enhancement of EGT sensor performance via multiplexing, sample preconcentration, and improved transport to the sensor surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Dorfman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Demetra Z Adrahtas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Mathew S Thomas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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24
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Crossley L, Attoye B, Vezza V, Blair E, Corrigan DK, Hannah S. Establishing a Field-Effect Transistor Sensor for the Detection of Mutations in the Tumour Protein 53 Gene (TP53)-An Electrochemical Optimisation Approach. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 9:bios9040141. [PMID: 31817717 PMCID: PMC6956290 DOI: 10.3390/bios9040141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a low-cost, sensitive and specific DNA field-effect transistor sensor for the rapid detection of a common mutation to the tumour protein 53 gene (TP53). The sensor consists of a commercially available, low-cost, field-effect transistor attached in series to a gold electrode sensing pad for DNA hybridisation. The sensor has been predominantly optimised electrochemically, particularly with respect to open-circuit potentiometry as a route towards understanding potential (voltage) changes upon DNA hybridisation using a transistor. The developed sensor responds sensitively to TP53 mutant DNA as low as 100 nM concentration. The sensor responds linearly as a function of DNA target concentration and is able to differentiate between complementary and noncomplementary DNA target sequences.
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25
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Chandran B, Janakiraman K. New Disposable Nitric Oxide Sensor Fabrication Using GaN Nanowires. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17171-17176. [PMID: 31656890 PMCID: PMC6811847 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires anchored on the surface of cost-effective pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) have been developed as a new disposable nitric oxide (NO) sensor through a hydrothermal method followed by annealing treatment. The as-obtained nanomaterials were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and EIS. Concurrently, the electrocatalytic performance has been analyzed using cyclic voltammetry and amperometric measurements. The experimental results exhibit good electrochemical sensing performance toward the generated NO in NO2 - with a wide linear detection range of 1.0 μM to 1.0 mM with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and a detection limit of 0.180 μM. In addition, the GaN nanowire-modified PGE surface showed high selectivity for the detection of NO as compared to other relevant biomolecules. This confirms that the PGE/GaN nanowire is a new promising electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of NO.
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26
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Han S, Soylu MC, Kirimli CE, Wu W, Sen B, Joshi SG, Emery CL, Au G, Niu X, Hamilton R, Krevolin K, Shih WH, Shih WY. Rapid, label-free genetic detection of enteropathogens in stool without genetic isolation or amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:73-80. [PMID: 30731348 PMCID: PMC6469511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current genetic detection methods require gene isolation, gene amplification and detection with a fluorescent-tagged probe. They typically require sophisticated equipment and expensive fluorescent probes, rendering them not widely available for rapid acute infection diagnoses at the point of care to ensure timely treatment of the diseases. Here we report a rapid genetic detection method that can detect the bacterial gene directly from patient stools using a piezoelectric plate sensor (PEPS) in conjunction with a continuous flow system with two temperature zones. With stools spiked with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in situ bacteria lysing and DNA denaturation occurred in the high-temperature zone whereas in situ specific detection of the denatured DNA by the PEPS occurred in the lower-temperature zone. The outcome was a rapid genetic detection method that directly detected bacterial genes from stool in < 40 min without the need of gene isolation, gene amplification, or expensive fluorescent tag but with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sensitivity. In 40 blinded patient stools, it detected the toxin B gene of Clostridium difficile with 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity. The all-electrical, label-free nature of the detection further supports its potential as a low-cost genetic test that can be used at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mehmet C Soylu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ceyhun E Kirimli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bhaswati Sen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA
| | - Suresh G Joshi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA
| | | | - Giang Au
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaomin Niu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard Hamilton
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA
| | - Kyle Krevolin
- Microbiology & SIVM Laboratories, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA
| | - Wei-Heng Shih
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wan Y Shih
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Deep Submicron EGFET Based on Transistor Association Technique for Chemical Sensing. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19051063. [PMID: 30832331 PMCID: PMC6427654 DOI: 10.3390/s19051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) is an electronic interface originally developed as a substitute for an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET). Although the literature shows that commercial off-the-shelf components are widely used for biosensor fabrication, studies on electronic interfaces are still scarce (e.g., noise processes, scaling). Therefore, the incorporation of a custom EGFET can lead to biosensors with optimized performance. In this paper, the design and characterization of a transistor association (TA)-based EGFET was investigated. Prototypes were manufactured using a 130 nm standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process and compared with devices presented in recent literature. A DC equivalence with the counterpart involving a single equivalent transistor was observed. Experimental results showed a power consumption of 24.99 mW at 1.2 V supply voltage with a minimum die area of 0.685 × 1.2 mm². The higher aspect ratio devices required a proportionally increased die area and power consumption. Conversely, the input-referred noise showed an opposite trend with a minimum of 176.4 nVrms over the 0.1 to 10 Hz frequency band for a higher aspect ratio. EGFET as a pH sensor presented further validation of the design with an average voltage sensitivity of 50.3 mV/pH, a maximum current sensitivity of 15.71 mA1/2/pH, a linearity higher than 99.9%, and the possibility of operating at a lower noise level with a compact design and a low complexity.
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28
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Liu Q, Yang T, Ye Y, Chen P, Ren X, Rao A, Wan Y, Wang B, Luo Z. A highly sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on an aligned GaN nanowires array/polydopamine heterointerface modified with Au nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1442-1449. [PMID: 32255015 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aligned GaN nanowire arrays show great potential not only in optoelectronic devices, but also in sensitive biosensor applications, owing to their excellent chemical stability and biocompatibility, as well as high electron mobility and surface-to-volume ratio. However, to construct electrochemical immunosensors, proper surface modification of GaN nanowires, which can enable efficient charge transfer and provide large densities of immobilization sites for antibodies to anchor, is still challenging. Herein we demonstrate a highly sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensing platform based on the integration of polydopamine (PDA) on a GaN nanowire surface. The PDA polymer was self-assembled on GaN nanowire surfaces via organic polymerization. The interface dipole layer generated at the GaN nanowire array/PDA polymer heterointerface enabled efficient charge transfer. The aligned GaN nanowire array/PDA hybrids were further modified with gold nanoparticles for subsequent covalent binding of antibodies. The fabricated immunosensor yielded a wide linear range between 0.01 and 100 ng ml-1 and a detection limit as low as 0.003 ng ml-1 for the detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The immunosensor showed good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability and was utilized in human serum samples for AFP detection. This work demonstrates the superiority of taking advantage of a nanowire array configuration and a semiconductor/polymer heterointerface in an immunosensing platform for sensitivity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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EGFET-Based Sensors for Bioanalytical Applications: A Review. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18114042. [PMID: 30463318 PMCID: PMC6263563 DOI: 10.3390/s18114042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1970s, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of semiconductor-based biosensors because of the numerous advantages they offer, including high sensitivity, faster response time, miniaturization, and low-cost manufacturing for quick biospecific analysis with reusable features. Commercial biosensors have become highly desirable in the fields of medicine, food, and environmental monitoring as well as military applications, whereas increasing concerns about food safety and health issues have resulted in the introduction of novel legislative standards for these sensors. Numerous devices have been developed for monitoring biological processes such as nucleic acid hybridization, protein–protein interaction, antigen–antibody bonds, and substrate–enzyme reactions, just to name a few. Since the 1980s, scientific interest moved to the development of semiconductor-based devices, which also include integrated front-end electronics, such as the extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) biosensor, one of the first miniaturized chemical sensors. This work is intended to be a review of the state of the art focused on the development of biosensors and chemosensors based on extended-gate field-effect transistor within the field of bioanalytical applications, which will highlight the most recent research reported in the literature. Moreover, a comparison among the diverse EGFET devices will be presented, giving particular attention to the materials and technologies.
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30
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Mu Q, Liu G, Yang D, Kou X, Cao N, Tang Y, Miao P. Ultrasensitive Detection of DNA Based on Exonuclease III-Assisted Recycling Amplification and DNAzyme Motor. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3527-3531. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Mu
- Bureau of Facility Support and Budget, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, P. R. China
| | - Guangxing Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Kou
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ning Cao
- Bureau of Facility Support and Budget, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, P. R. China
| | - Yuguo Tang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Peng Miao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Minamiki T, Sasaki Y, Su S, Minami T. Development of polymer field-effect transistor-based immunoassays. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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32
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In situ, amplification-free double-stranded mutation detection at 60 copies/ml with thousand-fold wild type in urine. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 119:221-229. [PMID: 30142581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated amplification-free in situ double-stranded mutation detection in urine in the concentration range 10-19 M - 10-16 M using piezoelectric plate sensors (PEPs). The detection was carried out in a close-loop flow with two temperature zones. The 95 °C high-temperature zone served as the reservoir where the sample was loaded and DNA de-hybridized. The heated urine was cooled flowing through a 1 m long tubing immersed in room-temperature water bath at a flow rate of 4 ml/min to reach the detection cell at the desired temperature for the detection to take place. With hepatitis B virus double mutation (HBVDM) and KRAS G12V point mutation as model double mutations, it is shown that PEPS was able to detect double-stranded HBVDM and KRAS with 70% detection efficiency or better at concentration as low as 10-19 M against single-stranded mutation detection at the same concentrations, which was validated by the following in situ fluorescent reporter microspheres (FRMs) detection as well as microscopic visualization of the FRMs bound to the captured mutant on the PEPS surface. Furthermore, the same double-stranded mutation detection efficacy was demonstrated at 10-19 M - 10-16 M in a background of 250-fold wildtype for HBVDM and 1000-fold wildtype for KRAS. Also demonstrated was detection of KRAS mutation at 10-19 M - 10-16 M of SW480 DNA fragments in urine.
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33
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Koo B, Yorita AM, Schmidt JJ, Monbouquette HG. Amplification-free, sequence-specific 16S rRNA detection at 1 aM. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:2291-2299. [PMID: 29987290 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00452h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A nucleic acid amplification-free, optics-free platform has been demonstrated for sequence-specific detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) 16S rRNA at 1 aM (10-18 M) against a 106-fold (1 pM) background of Pseudomonas putida (P. putida) RNA. This work was driven by the need for simple, rapid, and low cost means for species-specific bacterial detection at low concentration. Our simple, conductometric sensing device functioned by detecting blockage of a nanopore fabricated in a sub-micron-thick glass membrane. Upon sequence-specific binding of target 16S rRNA, otherwise charge-neutral, PNA oligonucleotide probe-polystyrene bead conjugates become electrophoretically mobile and are driven to the glass nanopore of lesser diameter, which is blocked, thereby generating a large, sustained and readily observable step decrease in ionic current. No false positive signals were observed with P. putida RNA when this device was configured to detect E. coli 16S rRNA. Also, when a universal PNA probe complementary to the 16S rRNA of both E. coli and P. putida was conjugated to beads, a positive response to rRNA of both bacterial species was observed. Finally, the device readily detected E. coli at 10 CFU mL-1 in a 1 mL sample, also against a million-fold background of viable P. putida. These results suggest that this new device may serve as the basis for small, portable, low power, and low-cost systems for rapid detection of specific bacterial species in clinical samples, food, and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonhye Koo
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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34
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Novel Competitive Chemiluminescence DNA Assay Based on Fe3O4@SiO2@Au-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Sensitive Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 187:152-162. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Kouhpanji MRZ, Behzadirad M, Feezell D, Busani T. Insufficiency of the Young's modulus for illustrating the mechanical behavior of GaN nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:205706. [PMID: 29473824 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aab1d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We use a non-classical modified couple stress theory including the acceleration gradients (MCST-AG), to precisely demonstrate the size dependency of the mechanical properties of gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires (NWs). The fundamental elastic constants, Young's modulus and length scales of the GaN NWs were estimated both experimentally, using a novel experimental technique applied to atomic force microscopy, and theoretically, using atomic simulations. The Young's modulus, static and the dynamic length scales, calculated with the MCST-AG, were found to be 323 GPa, 13 and 14.5 nm, respectively, for GaN NWs from a few nanometers radii to bulk radii. Analyzing the experimental data using the classical continuum theory shows an improvement in the experimental results by introducing smaller error. Using the length scales determined in MCST-AG, we explain the inconsistency of the Young's moduli reported in recent literature, and we prove the insufficiency of the Young's modulus for predicting the mechanical behavior of GaN NWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji
- Center for High Technology Materials, Mechanical Engineering Department, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
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36
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Iskierko Z, Noworyta K, Sharma PS. Molecular recognition by synthetic receptors: Application in field-effect transistor based chemosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2018. [PMID: 29525669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular recognition, i.e., ability of one molecule to recognize another through weak bonding interactions, is one of the bases of life. It is often implemented to sensing systems of high merits. Preferential recognition of the analyte (guest) by the receptor (host) induces changes in physicochemical properties of the sensing system. These changes are measured by using suitable signal transducers. Because of possibility of miniaturization, fast response, and high sensitivity, field-effect transistors (FETs) are more frequently being used for that purpose. A FET combined with a biological material offers the potential to overcome many challenges approached in sensing. However, low stability of biological materials under measurement conditions is a serious problem. To circumvent this problem, synthetic receptors were integrated with the gate surface of FETs to provide robust performance. In the present critical review, the approach utilized to devise chemosensors integrating synthetic receptors and FET transduction is discussed in detail. The progress in this field was summarized and important outcome was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Iskierko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Noworyta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piyush Sindhu Sharma
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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37
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Ahmad R, Mahmoudi T, Ahn MS, Hahn YB. Recent advances in nanowires-based field-effect transistors for biological sensor applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 100:312-325. [PMID: 28942344 PMCID: PMC7126762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanowires (NWs)-based field-effect transistors (FETs) have attracted considerable interest to develop innovative biosensors using NWs of different materials (i.e. semiconductors, polymers, etc.). NWs-based FETs provide significant advantages over the other bulk or non-NWs nanomaterials-based FETs. As the building blocks for FET-based biosensors, one-dimensional NWs offer excellent surface-to-volume ratio and are more suitable and sensitive for sensing applications. During the past decade, FET-based biosensors are smartly designed and used due to their great specificity, sensitivity, and high selectivity. Additionally, they have the advantage of low weight, low cost of mass production, small size and compatible with commercial planar processes for large-scale circuitry. In this respect, we summarize the recent advances of NWs-based FET biosensors for different biomolecule detection i.e. glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, urea, hormone, proteins, nucleotide, biomarkers, etc. A comparative sensing performance, present challenges, and future prospects of NWs-based FET biosensors are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Ahmad
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tahmineh Mahmoudi
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sang Ahn
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Bong Hahn
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
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38
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Avit G, Zeghouane M, André Y, Castelluci D, Gil E, Baé SY, Amano H, Trassoudaine A. Crystal engineering by tuning the growth kinetics of GaN 3-D microstructures in SAG-HVPE. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The growth of GaN 3-D microstructures is investigated by SAG-HVPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Avit
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Mohammed Zeghouane
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Yamina André
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Dominique Castelluci
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Evelyne Gil
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Si-Young Baé
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya
- Japan
- Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology
| | - Hiroshi Amano
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Agnès Trassoudaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne
- CNRS
- SIGMA Clermont
- Institut Pascal
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
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39
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Beyond the Debye length in high ionic strength solution: direct protein detection with field-effect transistors (FETs) in human serum. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5256. [PMID: 28701708 PMCID: PMC5507911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new type of field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensor is demonstrated to be able to overcome the problem of severe charge-screening effect caused by high ionic strength in solution and detect proteins in physiological environment. Antibody or aptamer-immobilized AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are used to directly detect proteins, including HIV-1 RT, CEA, NT-proBNP and CRP, in 1X PBS (with 1%BSA) or human sera. The samples do not need any dilution or washing process to reduce the ionic strength. The sensor shows high sensitivity and the detection takes only 5 minutes. The designs of the sensor, the methodology of the measurement, and the working mechanism of the sensor are discussed and investigated. A theoretical model is proposed based on the finding of the experiments. This sensor is promising for point-of-care, home healthcare, and mobile diagnostic device.
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40
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Abstract
Biosensing has found wide applications in biological and medical research, and in clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and other analytical tasks. Recognized as novel and outstanding transducing materials because of their superior and unique physical/chemical properties, group III nitride (III-nitride) nanomaterials have been introduced into biosensor development with remarkable advancements achieved in the past few decades. This paper presents the first comprehensive review on biosensor development with III-nitride nanomaterials. The review starts with the introduction of the material properties and biocompatibility of III-nitrides that are useful for biosensing. The focus is then placed on surface treatments of III-nitrides, which lay the foundation for biosensing, and on biosensing mechanisms where the exceptional properties of III-nitride nanomaterials lead to superior biosensing performance. From a practical point of view, techniques for biosensor fabrication are then summarized. Finally, existing biosensing applications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada.
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41
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Analysis of the evolution of the detection limits of electrochemical nucleic acid biosensors II. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4335-4352. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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42
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Ding X, Miao B, Gu Z, Wu B, Hu Y, Wang H, Zhang J, Wu D, Lu W, Li J. Highly sensitive extended gate-AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor for bioassay applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10028k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An extended gate-AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (EG-AlGaN/GaN HEMT) with a high sensitivity for bioassay has been developed.
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43
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Minamiki T, Minami T, Sasaki Y, Wakida SI, Kurita R, Niwa O, Tokito S. Label-Free Detection of Human Glycoprotein (CgA) Using an Extended-Gated Organic Transistor-Based Immunosensor. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16122033. [PMID: 27916899 PMCID: PMC5191014 DOI: 10.3390/s16122033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the fabrication of an extended-gated organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based immunosensor and its application in the detection of human chromogranin A (hCgA). The fabricated OFET device possesses an extended-gate electrode immobilized with an anti-CgA antibody. The titration results of hCgA showed that the electrical changes in the OFET characteristics corresponded to the glycoprotein recognition ability of the monoclonal antibody (anti-CgA). The observed sensitivity (detection limit: 0.11 µg/mL) and selectivity indicate that the OFET-based immunosensor can be potentially applied to the rapid detection of the glycoprotein concentration without any labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukuru Minamiki
- Research Center for Organic Electronics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8471, Japan.
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Research Center for Organic Electronics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan.
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Research Center for Organic Electronics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan.
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Wakida
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Kurita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Osamu Niwa
- Advanced Science Research Laboratory, Saitama Institute of Technology, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan.
| | - Shizuo Tokito
- Research Center for Organic Electronics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan.
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Horny MC, Lazerges M, Siaugue JM, Pallandre A, Rose D, Bedioui F, Deslouis C, Haghiri-Gosnet AM, Gamby J. Electrochemical DNA biosensors based on long-range electron transfer: investigating the efficiency of a fluidic channel microelectrode compared to an ultramicroelectrode in a two-electrode setup. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:4373-4381. [PMID: 27722661 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00869k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe the transposition of an ultramicroelectrode (UME) setup into a microfluidic chip configuration for DNA biosensors. The hydrodynamic properties of the fluidic channel microelectrode were screened with an [Fe(iii)(CN)6]3-/[Fe(ii)(CN)6]4- redox couple by cyclic voltammetry to provide a basis for further biological processes. A 23-base DNA probe was self-assembled into a monolayer on gold microelectrodes both in classical configuration and integrated in a microfluidic setup. Special interest was focused on the DNA target mimicking the liver-specific micro-ribonucleic acid 122 (miRNA122). Long-range electron transfer was chosen for transducing the hybridization. This direct transduction was indeed significantly enhanced after hybridization due to DNA-duplex π-stacking and the use of redox methylene blue as a DNA intercalator. Quantification of the target was deduced from the resulting electrical signal characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The limit of detection for DNA hybridization was 0.1 fM in stopped flow experiments, where it can reach 1 aM over a 0.5 μL s-1 flow rate, a value 104-fold lower than the one measured with a conventional UME dipped into an electrolyte droplet under the same analytical conditions. An explanation was that forced convection drives more biomolecules to the area of detection even if a balance between the speed of collection and the number of biomolecules collected has been found. The latter point is discussed here along with an attempt to explain why the sensor has reached such an unexpected value for the limit of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Horny
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France. and Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N - Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - M Lazerges
- UTCBS, U 1022 INSERM, UMR 8258 CNRS, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - J-M Siaugue
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8234, Laboratoire PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - A Pallandre
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N - Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - D Rose
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - F Bedioui
- UTCBS, U 1022 INSERM, UMR 8258 CNRS, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - C Deslouis
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - A-M Haghiri-Gosnet
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N - Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - J Gamby
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France. and Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N - Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis, France
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Kim K, Park C, Meyyappan M, Lee JS. Silicon-Based BioFETs with 3-D Nanostructure: Easy integration, precise control of nanostructure, and a low device-to-device variation. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2016.2573478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Nuzaihan M.N. M, Hashim U, Md Arshad M, Kasjoo S, Rahman S, Ruslinda A, Fathil M, Adzhri R, Shahimin M. Electrical detection of dengue virus (DENV) DNA oligomer using silicon nanowire biosensor with novel molecular gate control. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:106-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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47
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Nassi A, Guillon FX, Amar A, Hainque B, Amriche S, Maugé D, Markova E, Tsé C, Bigey P, Lazerges M, Bedioui F. Electrochemical DNA-biosensors based on long-range electron transfer: optimization of the amperometric detection in the femtomolar range using two-electrode setup and ultramicroelectrode. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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48
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Sannicolò F, Mussini PR, Benincori T, Martinazzo R, Arnaboldi S, Appoloni G, Panigati M, Quartapelle Procopio E, Marino V, Cirilli R, Casolo S, Kutner W, Noworyta K, Pietrzyk-Le A, Iskierko Z, Bartold K. Inherently Chiral Spider-Like Oligothiophenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:10839-47. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sannicolò
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Patrizia R. Mussini
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia; Università degli Studi dell'Insubria; Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Rocco Martinazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giulio Appoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia; Università degli Studi dell'Insubria; Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Monica Panigati
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Valentina Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Dipartimento del Farmaco; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Roma Italy
| | - Simone Casolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Wlodzimierz Kutner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Noworyta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pietrzyk-Le
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Zofia Iskierko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bartold
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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Fradetal L, Bano E, Attolini G, Rossi F, Stambouli V. A silicon carbide nanowire field effect transistor for DNA detection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:235501. [PMID: 27120971 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/23/235501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the label-free electrical detection of DNA molecules for the first time, using silicon carbide (SiC) as a novel material for the realization of nanowire field effect transistors (NWFETs). SiC is a promising semiconductor for this application due to its specific characteristics such as chemical inertness and biocompatibility. Non-intentionally n-doped SiC NWs are first grown using a bottom-up vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism, leading to the NWs exhibiting needle-shaped morphology, with a length of approximately 2 μm and a diameter ranging from 25 to 60 nm. Then, the SiC NWFETs are fabricated and functionalized with DNA molecule probes via covalent coupling using an amino-terminated organosilane. The drain current versus drain voltage (I d-V d) characteristics obtained after the DNA grafting and hybridization are reported from the comparative and simultaneous measurements carried out on the SiC NWFETs, used either as sensors or references. As a representative result, the current of the sensor is lowered by 22% after probe DNA grafting and by 7% after target DNA hybridization, while the current of the reference does not vary by more than ±0.6%. The current decrease confirms the field effect induced by the negative charges of the DNA molecules. Moreover, the selectivity, reproducibility, reversibility and stability of the studied devices are emphasized by de-hybridization, non-complementary hybridization and re-hybridization experiments. This first proof of concept opens the way for future developments using SiC-NW-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fradetal
- IMEP-LAHC, Grenoble INP-Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble Cedex 1, France. LMGP, Grenoble INP-Minatec, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble Cedex 1, France
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Karaballi RA, Nel A, Krishnan S, Blackburn J, Brosseau CL. Development of an electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) aptasensor for direct detection of DNA hybridization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:21356-63. [PMID: 25780805 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05077k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of disease biomarkers at the patient point-of-care is essential to timely and effective treatment. The research described herein focuses on the development of an electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) DNA aptasensor capable of direct detection of tuberculosis (TB) DNA. Specifically, a plausible DNA biomarker present in TB patient urine was chosen as the model target for detection. Cost-effective screen printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were used as the aptasensor platform, onto which the aptamer specific for the target DNA was immobilized. Direct detection of the target DNA was demonstrated through the appearance of SERS peaks characteristic for adenine, present only in the target strand. Modulation of the applied potential allowed for a sizeable increase in the observed SERS response and the use of thiol back-filling prevented non-specific adsorption of non-target DNA. To our knowledge, this work represents the first EC-SERS study of an aptasensor for the direct, label-free detection of DNA hybridization. Such a technology paves the way for rapid detection of disease biomarkers at the patient point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Karaballi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada.
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