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Aolin H, Qin L, Zhu S, Hu X, Yin D. Combined effects of pH and dissolved organic matter on the availability of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aqueous environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172637. [PMID: 38663604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) with dissolved organic matter (DOM) can alter their bioavailability and toxicity. Nevertheless, little is known about how pH and DOM work together to affect the availability of PPCPs. This study investigated the impact of pH and DOM on the availability of seven PPCPs, namely Carbamazepine, Estrone, Bisphenol A, Testosterone Propionate, Triclocarban, 4-tert-Octylphenol and 4-n-Nonylphenol, using negligible depletion solid-phase microextraction (nd-SPME). The uptake kinetics of PPCPs by the nd-SPME fibers increased proportionally with DOM concentrations, likely due to enhanced diffusive conductivity in the unstirred water layer. At neutral pH, the partitioning coefficients of PPCPs for Humic Acid (log KDOC 3.87-5.25) were marginally higher than those for Fulvic Acid (log KDOC 3.64-5.11). Also, the log KDOC values correlated linearly with the log DOW (pH 7.0) values of PPCPs, indicating a predominant role for hydrophobic interactions in the binding of DOM and PPCPs. Additionally, specific interactions like hydrogen bonding, π-π, and electrostatic interactions occur for certain compounds, influenced by the polarity and spatial conformation of the compounds. For these ionizable PPCPs, the log DDOC values exhibit a strong dependence on pH due to the dual influence of pH on both DOM and PPCPs. The log DDOC values rose from pH 1.0 to 3.0, peaked at pH 5.0 to 9.0, and then (sharply) declined from 11.0 to 13.0. The reasons are that in strong acidic circumstances, the coiled and compressed shape of DOM inhibits the hydrophobic interaction, whereas in strong alkaline conditions, significant electrostatic repulsion reduces the sorption. This study reveals that the effects of DOM on the bioavailability of PPCPs are dependent on both pH and the specific compound involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhi Aolin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lanxue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sihan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xialin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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2
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Lei P, Chen M, Rong N, Tang W, Zhang H. A passive sampler for synchronously measuring inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater: Configuration and field application. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:201-212. [PMID: 37923430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In situ measurement of multiple pollutants coexisting in sediment porewater is an essential step in comprehensively assessing the bioavailability and risk of pollutants, but to date, this needs to be better developed. In this study, a passive sampler, consisting of an "I-shaped" supporting frame and inorganic/organic sampling units, incorporating equilibrium dialysis theory and kinetic/equilibrium sorption principle, was developed for the synchronous measurement of inorganic (e.g., phosphorus and metal(loid)s) and organic pollutants (e.g., parent and substituted PAHs). The equilibrium time and sampling rates were explored in laboratory tests to support in situ application. Profiles of pollutants in porewater within a vertical resolution of centimeters, i.e., 1 cm and 2 cm for inorganic and organic pollutants, respectively, were obtained by field deployment of the sampler for further estimation of diffusive fluxes across the sediment-water interface. The results suggested that the role of sediments for a specific pollutant may change (e.g., from "sink" to "source") during the sampling time. This study demonstrated the feasibility of synchronous measurement of inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater by the passive sampler. In addition, it provided new insight for further investigation into the combined pollution effects of various pollutants in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mingying Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Nan Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Wenzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Fitzsimons MF, Tilley M, Cree CHL. The determination of volatile amines in aquatic marine systems: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1241:340707. [PMID: 36657869 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a critical assessment of knowledge regarding the determination of volatile, low molecular weight amines, and particularly methylamines, in marine aquatic; systems. It provides context for the motivation to determine methylamines in the marine aquatic environment and the analytical challenges associated with their measurement.While sensitive analytical methods have been reported in recent decades, they have not been adopted by the oceanographic community to investigate methylamines' biogeochemistry and advance understanding of these analytes to the degree achieved for other marine volatiles. Gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, ion chromatography and infusion-mass spectrometry techniques are discussed and critically determined, alongside offline and online preconcentration steps. Interest in the marine occurrence and cycling of methylamines has increased within the last 10-15 years, due to their potential role in climate regulation. As such, the need for robust, reproducible methods to elucidate biogeochemical cycles for nitrogen and populate marine models is apparent. Recommendations are made as to what equipment would be most suitable for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F Fitzsimons
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Mia Tilley
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Charlotte H L Cree
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
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Letinski DJ, Bekele A, Connelly MJ. Interlaboratory Comparison of a Biomimetic Extraction Method Applied to Oil Sands Process-Affected Waters. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1613-1622. [PMID: 35394645 PMCID: PMC9328283 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic extraction using solid-phase microextraction is a passive sampling analytical method that can predict the aquatic toxicity of complex petroleum substances. The method provides a nonanimal alternative to traditional bioassays with the potential to reduce both vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic toxicity testing. The technique uses commercially available polydimethylsiloxane-coated fibers that, following nondepletive extraction of water samples, are injected into a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detection. As the predictive nature of the method is operationally defined, it is critical that its application be harmonized with regard to extraction, analysis, and standardization parameters. Results are presented from a round robin program comparing the results from 10 laboratories analyzing four different sample sets of dissolved organics in water. Samples included two incurred oil sands process-affected waters and a cracked gas oil water accommodated fraction. A fourth sample of cracked gas oil blended in an oil sands process-affected water was analyzed to demonstrate the method's ability to differentiate between neutral and ionizable dissolved hydrocarbons. Six of the 10 laboratories applied an automated version of the method using a robotic autosampler where the critical extraction steps are precisely controlled and which permits batch screening of water samples for aquatic toxicity potential. The remaining four laboratories performed the solid-phase microextraction manually. The automated method demonstrated good reproducibility with between-laboratory variability across the six laboratories and four samples yielding a mean relative standard deviation of 14%. The corresponding between-laboratory variability across the four laboratories applying the manual extraction was 53%, demonstrating the importance of precisely controlling the extraction procedure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1613-1622. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Letinski
- Health & Environmental Applications Division, ExxonMobil Biomedical SciencesAnnandaleNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Martin J. Connelly
- Health & Environmental Applications Division, ExxonMobil Biomedical SciencesAnnandaleNew JerseyUSA
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Koch D, Clark KL, Owen J, Chickering CD, Plastridge R, Hendley P, Xu T. Automated Solid-Phase Microextraction and Negative Chemical Ionization GC-MS for the Measurement of Synthetic Pyrethroids. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2045-2053. [PMID: 34436867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic pyrethroids are frequently detected as trace contaminants in sediment and natural waters. Because of the importance of measuring both total and freely available concentrations for ecotoxicity evaluations, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using negative chemical ionization (NCI-GC-MS) was investigated as an analytical technique. Automated SPME-NCI-GC-MS quantification of freely dissolved (and thus potentially bioavailable) pyrethroids in aqueous samples containing dissolved organic matter (DOM) was successfully applied. The introduction of stable isotope-labeled pyrethroid calibration standards into the water sample allows for the simultaneous determination of total concentrations. Because pyrethroids adsorb rapidly to container walls (especially in calibration standard solutions without DOM) it was necessary to develop a technique to minimize the resulting time-dependent losses from calibration standard solutions in autosampler vials as they await analysis. A staggered preparation of these analytical calibration standards immediately prior to analysis was shown to ameliorate this problem. The developed method provides accurate and reproducible results for aqueous samples containing a range of dissolved organic matter concentrations (e.g., sediment pore water or sediment/water mixtures) and yields practical benefits in comparison to conventional analysis methods, such as reduced sample volume requirements, reduced solvent consumption, and fewer sample manipulations, and makes simultaneous measurements of freely dissolved/bioavailable pyrethroids and total pyrethroids possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Del Koch
- Inovatia Laboratories, Limited Liability Corporation, 120 East Davis Street, Fayette, Missouri 65248, United States
| | - Kevin L Clark
- ABC Laboratories, 7200 East ABC Lane, Columbia, Missouri 65202, United States
| | - John Owen
- ABC Laboratories, 7200 East ABC Lane, Columbia, Missouri 65202, United States
| | - Clark D Chickering
- ABC Laboratories, 7200 East ABC Lane, Columbia, Missouri 65202, United States
| | - Robert Plastridge
- ABC Laboratories, 7200 East ABC Lane, Columbia, Missouri 65202, United States
| | - Paul Hendley
- Phasera Limited, 7 Kenilworth Avenue, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Tianbo Xu
- Bayer CropScience US, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
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6
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Li Z, Hu X, Qin L, Yin D. Evaluating the effect of different modified microplastics on the availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115290. [PMID: 31770647 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) discharged into the natural environment undergo various wearthering pathways, such as mechanical abrasion and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. However, little is known about the effects of such aged MPs on the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aqueous environments. To simulate the natural oxidation and UV-ageing process of MPs, three kinds of modified polyethylene MPs were obtained by plastic etching processes common in industry and UV irradiation, namely, etched MPs (EMPs), UV-aged MPs (UV-MPs), and etched MPs followed by UV ageing (UV-EMPs). The modified MPs showed a higher content of surface oxygen-containing groups than the pristine MPs, and the specific surface area and pore volume increased significantly after etching and ultraviolet ageing, especially for the EMPs (1.67 m2 g-1 and 0.0049 cm³ g-1) and UV-EMPs (2.37 m2 g-1 and 0.0089 cm³ g-1). The effect of modified MPs on the availability of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, logKow 4.18-6.20) was evaluated by negligible-depletion solid-phase microextraction (nd-SPME). The free concentrations (Cfree) of most PAHs (except for less hydrophobic PAHs, logKow 4.18 and 4.56) decreased with an increasing concentration of MPs. The logarithms of the sorption coefficients of PAHs with various MPs (logKMPs, logKUV-MPs, logKEMPs and logKUV-EMPs) were linearly correlated with logKow, suggesting that the sorption is hydrophobicity dependent. Compared with the results for pristine MPs (logKMP 3.80-4.95), UV ageing only slightly enhanced the sorption of PAHs by MPs (logKUV-MPs 3.71-4.98), whereas the plastic etching processes significantly enhanced sorption (logKEMPs 3.85-5.18 and logKUV-EMPs 3.90-5.28). The sorption of PAHs to MPs is mainly based on partitioning; however, a mechanism of adsorption also likely takes place in EMPs and UV-EMPs due to hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. Desorption study indicated that PAH desorption from MPs are dominated by film diffusion. However, intraparticle diffusion also takes great part for the EMPs. These results suggest that modification of MPs in the natural environment will change the availability of HOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xialin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lanxue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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7
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Rahman MM, Alam MM, Asiri AM, Uddin J. 3-Methoxyphenol chemical sensor fabrication with Ag 2O/CB nanocomposites. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05982b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The proposed chemical sensor based on Ag2O/CB nanocomposites is developed by electrochemical approach for the detection of hazardous selective 3-methoxyphenol chemical sensor for the safety of the environment sector in a broad scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Rahman
- Chemistry Department
- King Abdulaziz University
- Faculty of Science
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. M. Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science
- Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
- Sylhet 3100
- Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department
- King Abdulaziz University
- Faculty of Science
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Department of Natural Sciences
- Coppin State University
- Baltimore
- USA
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8
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Vitale CM, Knudsmark Sjøholm K, Di Guardo A, Mayer P. Accelerated equilibrium sampling of hydrophobic organic chemicals in solid matrices: A proof of concept on how to reach equilibrium for PCBs within 1 day. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124537. [PMID: 31551203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrium sampling of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) is increasingly used to measure freely dissolved concentrations and chemical activities in sediments and soils. However, for the most hydrophobic chemicals (Log Kow > 6) such equilibrium sampling requires often very long sampling times in the order of weeks to months. The aim of the present study was to explore two strategies for markedly increasing the HOC mass transfer from matrix to sampler with the overall goal to shorten equilibration times down to a few hours. Two Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) approaches were thus developed and tested in sediment and soil contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In the first method, the SPME fiber was immersed directly in the aqueous suspension of the sample under vigorous agitation. In the second method equilibration took place via the headspace and was accelerated by elevating the temperature. Headspace-SPME at 80 °C provided fast equilibration within approximately 2 h without contacting the sample and thus avoiding fiber fouling. Both SPME methods were calibrated by passive dosing from preloaded silicone rods and yielded similar results, supporting the validity of HS-SPME at elevated temperatures on a proof of principle level. Finally, by using 13C labelled PCB standards, total concentrations were simultaneously measured, which in turn allowed calculation of matrix-water distribution coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maria Vitale
- University of Insubria, Department of Science and High Technology, Como, 22100, Italy; Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
| | - Karina Knudsmark Sjøholm
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Frederiksberg, C 1871, Denmark.
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- University of Insubria, Department of Science and High Technology, Como, 22100, Italy.
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
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Vitale CM, Di Guardo A. A review of the predictive models estimating association of neutral and ionizable organic chemicals with dissolved organic carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:1022-1032. [PMID: 30970469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a key role in environmental transport, fate and bioavailability of organic chemicals in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Predicting the association of contaminants to DOC is therefore crucial in modelling chemical exposure and risk assessment. The models proposed so far to describe interaction mechanisms between chemicals and DOC and the most influential variables have been reviewed. The single-parameter linear free energy relationships (sp-LFERs) and the poly-parameter linear free energy relationships (pp-LFERs) in the form of linear solvation energy relationships (LSERs) currently available in literature for estimating dissolved organic carbon/water partition (KDOC) and distribution (DDOC) coefficients for organic chemicals were discussed, and limits of the existing approaches explored. For neutral chemicals many predictive equations are currently available in literature, but the quality of the input data on which they are based is often questionable, due to the lack of an unequivocal definition of DOC among different references and to the different and often unreliable KDOC measurement method. For ionizable chemicals instead there is a substantial lack of predictive approaches that need to be fulfilled since just few models are nowadays available to predict DDOC of ionized species. This paper reviews the current approaches for neutral and ionizable chemicals proposing guidelines to select conditions for obtaining reliable data and predictive equations for an improved estimation of KDOC and DDOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maria Vitale
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy.
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10
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Reimerová P, Stariat J, Bavlovič Piskáčková H, Jansová H, Roh J, Kalinowski DS, Macháček M, Šimůnek T, Richardson DR, Štěrbová-Kovaříková P. Novel SPME fibers based on a plastic support for determination of plasma protein binding of thiosemicarbazone metal chelators: a case example of DpC, an anti-cancer drug that entered clinical trials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2383-2394. [PMID: 30820631 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01681-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an alternative method to dialysis and ultrafiltration for the determination of plasma protein binding (PPB) of drugs. It is particularly advantageous for complicated analytes where standard methods are not applicable. Di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC) is a lead compound of novel thiosemicarbazone anti-cancer drugs, which entered clinical trials in 2016. However, this agent exhibited non-specific binding on filtration membranes and had intrinsic chelation activity, which precluded standard PPB methods. In this study, using a simple and fast procedure, we prepared novel SPME fibers for extraction of DpC based on a metal-free, silicon string support, covered with C18 sorbent. Reproducibility of the preparation process was demonstrated by the percent relative standard deviation (RSD) of ≤ 9.2% of the amount of DpC extracted from PBS by several independently prepared fibers. The SPME procedure was optimized by evaluating extraction and desorption time profiles. Suitability of the optimized protocol was verified by examining reproducibility, linearity, and recovery of DpC extracted from PBS or plasma. All samples extracted by SPME were analyzed using an optimized and validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. The developed procedure was applied to the in vitro determination of PPB of DpC at two clinically relevant concentrations (500 and 1000 ng/mL). These studies showed that DpC is highly bound to plasma proteins (PPB ≥ 88%) and this did not differ significantly between both concentrations tested. This investigation provides novel data in the applicability of SPME for the determination of PPB of chelators, as well as useful information for the clinical development of DpC. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Reimerová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Stariat
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Bavlovič Piskáčková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Jansová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Roh
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Miloslav Macháček
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Šimůnek
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Petra Štěrbová-Kovaříková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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11
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Rahman MM, Alam MM, Asiri AM. Development of an efficient phenolic sensor based on facile Ag 2O/Sb 2O 3 nanoparticles for environmental safety. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:696-705. [PMID: 36132270 PMCID: PMC9473285 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00034d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The facile hydrothermal method was used to prepare low-dimensional doped Ag2O/Sb2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) at low temperature in alkaline medium. The calcined NPs were characterized in detail by FTIR, UV/vis, FESEM, XPS, EDS, and XRD. A thin layer of Ag2O/Sb2O3 NPs was deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using Nafion (5% Nafion suspension in ethanol) conducting binder, which formed the working electrode of the selective 3-methoxyphenol electrochemical sensor probe. The proposed chemical sensor exhibits high sensitivity, long-term stability, and enhanced electrochemical responses towards 3-methoxyphenol. Response to 3-methoxyphenol is linear over the concentration range (LDR) of 0.09 nM to 0.09 mM. The analytical parameters of the sensor such as sensitivity, stability, response time, linearity, LDR, robustness, selectivity etc. were evaluated by an electrochemical approach. The sensor probe fabricated with Ag2O/Sb2O3 NPs seems to be a promising candidate for effective and reliable electrochemical detection of hazardous and carcinogenic chemicals in the environment and health care fields in large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Rahman
- Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3100 Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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12
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Lan J, Sun Y, Yuan D. Transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a highly vulnerable karst underground river system of southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34519-34530. [PMID: 30311118 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in a karst underground river system in southwest China. Groundwater, particles, and sediments from underground river, topsoil, and surface water were monitored, allowing establishment of a conceptual model of PAH transport at the watershed scale. The results showed that PAHs could be transported from the surface to the subsurface through two migration pathways, which were slow-flowing water in the karst fissure and fast-flowing water in conduits. During rainfall events, increasing PAH levels (concentrations and fluxes) at the underground river exit indicated that hydrodynamic force could facilitate PAH transport. The PAHs in water were dominated by dissolved PAHs, accounting for 58.7% of total, especially in the freely dissolved phase, in which SPM-associated PAHs accounted for 41.3% of the total PAHs. Low molecular weight PAHs dominated transport and were mainly transported in dissolved form, whereas high molecular weight PAHs were dominated by SPM-associated transport during the rainfall events. A significantly positive correlation was observed between two-ring and three-ring freely dissolved PAHs and dissolved organic carbon (p < 0.01), respectively. Moreover, PAHs with four to five rings were relatively more abundant in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) associated phase than in the freely dissolved phase, suggesting a major role of DOM in their transport during rainfall events. The trend of PAH fluxes suggested that particle-facilitated transport was another dominant cause of PAH mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lan
- School of Karst Science/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yuchuan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Institute of Karst Environment and Rock Desertification Rehabilitation, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Daoxian Yuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Institute of Karst Environment and Rock Desertification Rehabilitation, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Karst Dynamics LaboratoryMLR, Guilin, 541004, China
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Liao C, Richards J, Taylor AR, Gan J. Development of polyurethane-based passive samplers for ambient monitoring of urban-use insecticides in water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1412-1420. [PMID: 28939123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of insecticides for the control of urban pests such as ants, termites, and spiders has resulted in contamination and toxicity in urban aquatic ecosystems in different regions of the world. Passive samplers are a convenient and integrative tool for in situ monitoring of trace contaminants in surface water. However, the performance of a passive sampler depends closely on its affinity for the target analytes, making passive samplers highly specific to the types of contaminants being monitored. The goal of this study was to develop a passive sampler compatible with a wide range of insecticides, including the strongly hydrophobic pyrethroids and the weakly hydrophobic fipronil and organophosphates. Of six candidate polymeric thin films, polyurethane film (PU) was identified to be the best at enriching the test compounds. The inclusion of stable isotope labeled analogs as performance reference compounds (PRCs) further allowed the use of PU film for pyrethroids under non-equilibrium conditions. The PU sampler was tested in a large aquarium with circulatory water flow, and also deployed at multiple sites in surface streams in southern California. The concentrations of pesticides derived from the PU sampler ranged from 0.5 to 18.5 ng/L, which were generally lower than the total chemical concentration measured by grab samples, suggesting that suspended particles and dissolved organic matter in water rendered them less available. The influence of suspended particles and dissolved organic matter on bioavailability was more pronounced for pyrethroids than for fipronils. The results show that the developed PU film sampler, when coupled with PRCs, may be used for rapid and sensitive in-situ monitoring of a wide range of insecticides in surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Liao
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Jaben Richards
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Allison R Taylor
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
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Ahmadi F, Sparham C, Pawliszyn J. A flow-through aqueous standard generation system for thin film microextraction investigations of UV filters and biocides partitioning to different environmental compartments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:663-673. [PMID: 28715771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper problems associated with preparation of aqueous standard of highly hydrophobic compounds such as partial precipitation, being lost on the surfaces, low solubility in water and limited sample volume for accurate determination of their distribution coefficients are addressed. The following work presents two approaches that utilize blade thin film microextraction (TFME) to investigate partitioning of UV filters and biocides to humic acid (dissolved organic carbon) and sediment. A steady-state concentration of target analytes in water was generated using a flow-through aqueous standard generation (ASG) system. Dialysis membranes, a polytetrafluoroethylene permeation tube, and a frit porous (0.5 μm) coated by epoxy glue were basic elements used for preparation of the ASG system. In the currently presented study, negligible depletion TFME using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) and octadecyl silica-based (C18) sorbents was employed towards the attainment of free concentration values of target analytes in the studied matrices. Thin film geometry provided a large volume of extraction phase, which improved the sensitivity of the method towards highly matrix-bound analytes. Extractions were performed in the equilibrium regime so as to prevent matrix effects and with aims to reach maximum method sensitivity for all analytes under study. Partitioning of analytes on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was investigated in ASG to facilitate large sample volume conditions. Binding percentages and DOC distribution coefficients (Log KDOC) ranged from 20 to 98% and 3.71-6.72, respectively. Furthermore, sediment-water partition coefficients (Kd), organic-carbon normalized partition coefficients (Log KOC), and DOC distribution coefficients (Log KDOC) were investigated in slurry sediment, and ranged from 33 to 2860, 3.31-5.24 and 4.52-5.75 Lkg-1, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated that investigations utilizing ASG and TFME can yield reliable binding information for compounds with high log KOW values. This information is useful for study of fate, transport, and ecotoxicological effects of UV filters and biocides in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Chris Sparham
- Unilever, Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Böhm L, Düring RA, Bruckert HJ, Schlechtriem C. Can solid-phase microextraction replace solvent extraction for water analysis in fish bioconcentration studies with highly hydrophobic organic chemicals? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2887-2894. [PMID: 28488290 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to refine water analysis in fish bioconcentration studies, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used as an alternative approach to conventional solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction [LLE]) for the extraction of 3 hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs; log KOW 5.5-7.8) from flow-through studies with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The results showed that total concentrations extracted by SPME combined with internal standards and LLE are equal. The results further verify the possibility of simultaneous extraction of total and freely dissolved HOC concentrations by SPME. Freely dissolved concentrations allow the assessment of sorption and bioavailability of HOCs in bioconcentration studies and their potential impact on resulting bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Reduction in freely dissolved water concentrations can result in an underestimation of BCFs if they are calculated based on total water concentrations. For polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 153, a significant increase in BCF value was observed when freely dissolved concentrations were taken into account. However, log BCF values calculated based on freely dissolved concentrations did not correlate linearly with log KOW values above 5 to 6. This pointed to further influences besides a reduction in freely dissolved water concentrations by sorption to organic matter. The results can aid in assessment of the factors that influence bioconcentration systems and also give important information regarding the possible replacement of LLE by SPME for water analysis of highly HOCs in fish bioconcentration studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2887-2894. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Böhm
- Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rolf-Alexander Düring
- Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Bruckert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlechtriem
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Schmallenberg, Germany
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16
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Hammami A, Kuliček J, Raouafi N. A naphthoquinone/SAM-mediated biosensor for olive oil polyphenol content. Food Chem 2016; 209:274-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Bridle HL, Heringa MB, Schäfer AI. Solid-phase microextraction to determine micropollutant–macromolecule partition coefficients. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:1328-44. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Gilbert D, Witt G, Smedes F, Mayer P. Polymers as Reference Partitioning Phase: Polymer Calibration for an Analytically Operational Approach To Quantify Multimedia Phase Partitioning. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5818-26. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Gilbert
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department
of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gesine Witt
- Faculty
of Life Science, Environmental Technology, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, DE-21033 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Foppe Smedes
- Masaryk University,
RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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19
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Jiang R, Xu J, Lin W, Wen S, Zhu F, Luan T, Ouyang G. Investigation of the kinetic process of solid phase microextraction in complex sample. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 900:111-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Alam MN, Ricardez-Sandoval L, Pawliszyn J. Numerical Modeling of Solid-Phase Microextraction: Binding Matrix Effect on Equilibrium Time. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9846-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Nazmul Alam
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Luis Ricardez-Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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21
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Zou Y, Lou D, Dou K, He L, Dong Y, Wang S. Amperometric tyrosinase biosensor based on boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond film electrode for the detection of phenolic compounds. J Solid State Electrochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-3003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Jiang R, Lin W, Wen S, Zhu F, Luan T, Ouyang G. Development of a full automation solid phase microextraction method for investigating the partition coefficient of organic pollutant in complex sample. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1406:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Caupos E, Touffet A, Mazellier P, Croue JP. Partitioning of the pesticide trifluralin between dissolved organic matter and water using automated SPME-GC/MS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4201-4212. [PMID: 25277710 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used to determine the equilibrium association constant for a pesticide, trifluralin (TFR), with dissolved organic matter (DOM). After optimization of the SPME method for the analysis of TFR, partition coefficients (K DOM) with three different sources of DOM were determined in buffered solutions at pH 7. Commercial humic acids and DOM fractions isolated from two surface waters were used. The values of log K DOM varied from 4.3 to 5.8, depending on the nature of the organic material. A good correlation was established between log K DOM and DOM properties (as measured with the H/O atomic ratio and UV absorbance), in agreement with literature data. This is consistent with the effect of polarity and aromaticity for governing DOM-pollutant associations, regardless of the origin of DOM. This association phenomenon is relevant to better understand the behavior of pesticides in the environment since it controls part of pesticide leaching and fate in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Caupos
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS-UMR 6008, Laboratoire de Chimie et Microbiologie de l'Eau, ENSIP, 86022, Poitiers, France
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24
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Ion exchange membranes as novel passive sampling material for organic ions: Application for the determination of freely dissolved concentrations. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1370:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Ghasemi S, Ahmadi F. The study of binding of methyl tert-butyl ether to human telomeric G-quadruplex and calf thymus DNA by gas chromatography, a thermodynamic discussion. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 971:112-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Zielińska K, van Leeuwen HP. Polyelectrolyte coatings prevent interferences from charged nanoparticles in SPME speciation analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 844:44-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Chen W, Zhu D, Zheng S, Chen W. Catalytic effects of functionalized carbon nanotubes on dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3856-3863. [PMID: 24617768 DOI: 10.1021/es405683d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The environmental implications of carbon nanomaterials have received much attention. Nonetheless, little is known about how carbon nanomaterials might affect the abiotic transformation of organic contaminants in aquatic environments. In this study, we observed that three functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-including a hydroxylated MWCNT (OH-MWCNT), a carboxylated MWCNT (COOH-MWCNT), and an aminated MWCNT (NH2-MWCNT)-all had strong catalytic effects on the dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA) at three different pH (7, 8, and 9); notably, the most significant effects (up to 130% increase in reaction rate) were observed at pH 7, at which reaction kinetics was very slow in the absence of MWCNT. The primary mechanism was that the -NH2 group and the deprotonated -COOH and -OH groups serve as bases to catalyze the reaction. Modeling results indicate that at any given pH the transformation kinetic constants of MWCNT-adsorbed TeCA were up to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the respective kinetic constant of dissolved TeCA. The overall catalytic effects of the MWCNTs depended both on the basicity of the surface functionalities of MWCNT and on the adsorption affinities of MWCNT for TeCA. Interestingly, Suwannee River humic acid-selected as a model dissolved organic matter-had negligible effects on the dehydrochlorination kinetics, even though it is rich in surface O-functionalities. An important environmental implication is that carbon nanotubes released into the environment might significantly affect the fate of chlorinated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
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28
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Mayer P, Parkerton TF, Adams RG, Cargill JG, Gan J, Gouin T, Gschwend PM, Hawthorne SB, Helm P, Witt G, You J, Escher BI. Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2014; 10:197-209. [PMID: 24288295 PMCID: PMC4235458 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Passive sampling methods (PSMs) allow the quantification of the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree ) of an organic contaminant even in complex matrices such as sediments. Cfree is directly related to a contaminant's chemical activity, which drives spontaneous processes including diffusive uptake into benthic organisms and exchange with the overlying water column. Consequently, Cfree provides a more relevant dose metric than total sediment concentration. Recent developments in PSMs have significantly improved our ability to reliably measure even very low levels of Cfree . Application of PSMs in sediments is preferably conducted in the equilibrium regime, where freely dissolved concentrations in the sediment are well-linked to the measured concentration in the sampler via analyte-specific partition ratios. The equilibrium condition can then be assured by measuring a time series or a single time point using passive samplers with different surface to volume ratios. Sampling in the kinetic regime is also possible and generally involves the application of performance reference compounds for the calibration. Based on previous research on hydrophobic organic contaminants, it is concluded that Cfree allows a direct assessment of 1) contaminant exchange and equilibrium status between sediment and overlying water, 2) benthic bioaccumulation, and 3) potential toxicity to benthic organisms. Thus, the use of PSMs to measure Cfree provides an improved basis for the mechanistic understanding of fate and transport processes in sediments and has the potential to significantly improve risk assessment and management of contaminated sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mayer
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus UniversityRoskilde, Denmark
- Present address is Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Rachel G Adams
- Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Loyola Marymount UniversityLos Angeles, California, USA
| | - John G Cargill
- Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC)New Castle, Delaware, USA
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of CaliforniaRiverside, California, USA
| | - Todd Gouin
- Unilever, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science ParkSharnbrook, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M Gschwend
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven B Hawthorne
- Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North DakotaGrand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Paul Helm
- Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the EnvironmentToronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gesine Witt
- University of Applied Sciences HamburgHamburg, Germany
| | - Jing You
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Beate I Escher
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox)Brisbane, Australia
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29
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de Perre C, Le Ménach K, Ibalot F, Parlanti E, Budzinski H. Development of solid-phase microextraction to study dissolved organic matter--polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon interactions in aquatic environment. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 807:51-60. [PMID: 24356220 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was developed for the study of interactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM). After the determination of the best conditions of extraction, the tool was applied to spiked water to calculate the dissolved organic carbon water distribution coefficient (K(DOC)) in presence of different mixtures of PAHs and Aldrich humic acid. The use of deuterated naphthalene as internal standard for freely dissolved PAH quantification was shown to provide more accuracy than regular external calibration. For the first time, K(DOC) values of 18 PAHs were calculated using data from SPME-GC-MS and fluorescence quenching; they were in agreement with the results of previous studies. Competition between PAHs, deuterated PAHs and DOM was demonstrated, pointing out the non-linearity of PAH-DOM interactions and the stronger interactions of light molecular weight PAHs (higher K(DOC) values) in absence of high molecular weight PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé de Perre
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Karyn Le Ménach
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Ibalot
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Edith Parlanti
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence Cedex F-33405, France; CNRS, UMR 5805, EPOC-LPTC, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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30
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Cheng X, Forsythe J, Peterkin E. Some factors affecting SPME analysis and PAHs in Philadelphia's urban waterways. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:2331-2340. [PMID: 23453588 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Solid phase microextraction (SPME) opened up a new era in separation science and the technique has developed quickly over the past two decades. However, there are still aspects deserving more study. In this study, the effects of salt-addition, SPME fiber thickness and sample vial size on the analysis of PAHs in the aqueous phase were evaluated. An analytical method based on EPA Method 8272 was devised for the analysis of PAHs in environmental water. PAHs were analyzed in selected waterways of the greater Philadelphia area. The results show the feasible application of this method to determine the range, spatial variation of PAH concentration, composition profile and relationship with dissolved organic matter for the Philadelphia watershed. Based on above information, PAH pollution sources were evaluated along with their dynamic backgrounds. Comparison of PAH concentration in the studied area with those of other urban waterways worldwide shows that PAHs in the studied waterways were found, in this study, to be within the low range of reported concentrations and meet the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). The results also demonstrate that this method is suitable and reliable in monitoring PAH concentrations in environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhao Cheng
- Philadelphia Water Department, Organics Laboratory, Bureau of Laboratory Services, 1500 E. Hunting Park Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19124, USA.
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Ding Y, Teppen BJ, Boyd SA, Li H. Measurement of associations of pharmaceuticals with dissolved humic substances using solid phase extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:314-9. [PMID: 23260244 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
An innovative method was developed to determine association of carbadox, lincomycin and tetracycline with dissolved humic acids using solid phase extraction (SPE). Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and DOM-bound pharmaceuticals passed through the SPE cartridge while the cartridge retained freely dissolved pharmaceuticals from water. This method was validated by comparison with the results measured using the common equilibrium dialysis technique. For the SPE method pharmaceutical interaction with DOM required ∼30h to approach the equilibration, whereas 50-120h was needed for the equilibrium dialysis technique. The uneven distributions of freely membrane-penetrating pharmaceuticals and protons inside vs. outside of the dialysis cell due to the Donnan effect resulted in overestimates of pharmaceutical affinity with DOM for the equilibrium dialysis method. The SPE technique eliminates the Donnan effect, and demonstrates itself as a more efficient, less laborious and more accurate method. The measured binding coefficients with DOM followed the order of carbadox<lincomycin<tetracycline. Pharmaceutical bindings with Leonardite humic acid were greater than those with Aldrich humic acid due to more interaction sites, i.e. carboxylic and phenolic functional moieties, present in the Leonardite humic acid. The results obtained suggest that many pharmaceuticals could be significantly bound to DOM, which alters their fate and mobility in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ding
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Jia F, Cui X, Wang W, Delgado-Moreno L, Gan J. Using disposable solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to determine the freely dissolved concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 167:34-40. [PMID: 22522316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated flame retardants (BFRs). The ubiquity and persistence of PBDEs in sediment have raised concerns over their environmental fate and ecological risks. Due to strong affinity for sediment organic matter, environmental fate and bioavailability of PBDEs closely depend on their phase distribution. In this study, disposable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber was used to derive the freely dissolved concentration (C(free)) of PBDEs in sediment porewater as a measurement of bioavailability. The PDMS-to-water partition coefficient (log K(PDMS)) was 5.46-5.83 for BDE 47, 99, and 153. In sediments, PBDEs were predominantly sorbed to the sediment phase, with C(free) accounting for <0.012% of the total chemical mass. The C(free) of PBDEs decreased as their bromination or sediment organic carbon content increased. The strong association with dissolved organic matter (DOM) implies a potential for facilitated offsite transport and dispersion in the environment that depends closely on the stability of sediment aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Zhu FD, Choo KH, Chang HS, Lee B. Interaction of bisphenol A with dissolved organic matter in extractive and adsorptive removal processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 87:857-864. [PMID: 22330311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The fate of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in natural and engineered systems is complicated due to their interactions with various water constituents. This study investigated the interaction of bisphenol A (BPA) with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and colloids present in surface water and secondary effluent as well as its adsorptive removal by powdered activated carbons. The solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) method followed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized for determining the distribution of BPA molecules in water. The BPA removal by SPME decreased with the increased DOM content, where the formation of BPA-DOM complexes in an aqueous matrix was responsible for the reduced extraction of BPA. Colloidal particles in water samples sorbed BPA leading to the marked reduction of liquid phase BPA. BPA-DOM complexes had a negative impact on the adsorptive removal of BPA by powered activated carbons. The complex formation was characterized based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, along with the calculation of molecular interactions between BPA and functional groups in DOM. It was found that the hydrogen bonding between DOM and BPA would be preferred over aromatic interactions. A pseudo-equilibrium molecular coordination model for the complexation between a BPA molecule and a hydroxyl group of the DOM was developed, which enabled estimation of the maximum sorption site and complex formation constant as well as prediction of organic complexes at various DOM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Die Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Chowdhury R, Atwater JW, Hall KJ, Parkinson P. Sorption of endosulphan sulphate in soil organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2011; 33:1875-1881. [PMID: 22439576 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.567300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sorption of endosulphan sulphate in soil organic matter was investigated using Standard Elliot soil humic acid (HA) and soil fulvic acid (FA) at two ionic strengths (0.001 and 0.01). It was observed that divalent calcium ion and ionic strength affect the sorption of endosulphan sulphate in HA. All the experiments were carried out at pH 6.7 +/- 0.1. In the presence and absence of calcium (ionic strength 0.001), the solubility enhancement method was used to estimate the sorption coefficients of endosulphan sulphate in HA. For FA, the solubility enhancement method was used to estimate the sorption coefficients at an ionic strength of 0.001 (in the presence of calcium) and 0.01. The presence of calcium was found to significantly enhance (alpha = 0.01) the solubility of endosulphan sulphate in HA. Sorption coefficients at pH 6.7, obtained using the solubility enhancement method, were found to be 10-21 L/g in HA and 6 L/g in FA (in the presence of calcium). Increase in ionic strength from 0.001 to 0.01 decreased the sorption of endosulphan sulphate in HA. The effect of ionic strength and calcium on the sorption of endosulphan sulphate was most satisfactorily explained on the basis of the Donnan volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801W Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
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35
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Kopinke FD, Ramus K, Poerschmann J, Georgi A. Kinetics of desorption of organic compounds from dissolved organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:10013-10019. [PMID: 22035249 DOI: 10.1021/es2023835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new experimental technique for measuring rates of desorption of organic compounds from dissolved organic matter (DOM) such as humic substances. The method is based on a fast solid-phase extraction of the freely dissolved fraction of a solute when the solution is flushed through a polymer-coated capillary. The extraction interferes with the solute-DOM sorption equilibrium and drives the desorption process. Solutes which remain sorbed to DOM pass through the extraction capillary and can be analyzed afterward. This technique allows a time resolution for the desorption kinetics from subseconds up to minutes. It is applicable to the study of interaction kinetics between a wide variety of hydrophobic solutes and polyelectrolytes. Due to its simplicity it is accessible for many environmental laboratories. The time-resolved in-tube solid-phase microextraction (TR-IT-SPME) was applied to two humic acids and a surfactant as sorbents together with pyrene, phenanthrene and 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane as solutes. The results give evidence for a two-phase desorption kinetics: a fast desorption step with a half-life of less than 1 s and a slow desorption step with a half-life of more than 1 min. For aliphatic solutes, the fast-desorbing fraction largely dominates, whereas for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as pyrene, the slowly desorbing, stronger-bound fraction is also important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank-Dieter Kopinke
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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Development of a negligible depletion-solid phase microextraction method to determine the free concentration of chlorpromazine in aqueous samples containing albumin. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8529-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Smith KEC, Thullner M, Wick LY, Harms H. Dissolved organic carbon enhances the mass transfer of hydrophobic organic compounds from nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) into the aqueous phase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:8741-8747. [PMID: 21879725 DOI: 10.1021/es202983k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) enhances the mass transfer of hydrophobic organic compounds from nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) into the aqueous phase above that attributable to dissolved molecular diffusion alone was tested. In controlled experiments, mass transfer rates of five NAPL-phase PAHs (log K(OW) 4.15-5.39) into the aqueous phase containing different concentrations of DOC were measured. Mass transfer rates were increased by up to a factor of 4 in the presence of DOC, with the greatest enhancement being observed for more hydrophobic compounds and highest DOC concentrations. These increases could not be explained by dissolved molecular diffusion alone, and point to a parallel DOC-mediated diffusive pathway. The nature of the DOC-mediated diffusion pathway as a function of the DOC concentration and PAH sorption behavior to the DOC was investigated using diffusion-based models. The DOC-enhanced mass transfer of NAPL-phase hydrophobic compounds into the aqueous phase has important implications for their bioremediation as well as bioconcentration and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian E C Smith
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Leipzig, Germany.
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38
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Arslan H, Arslan F. Preparation of a polypyrrole-polyvinylsulphonate composite film biosensor for determination of phenol based on entrapment of polyphenol oxidase. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, BLOOD SUBSTITUTES, AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 39:341-345. [PMID: 21899484 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2011.585616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract: In this paper, a novel amperometric phenol biosensor with immobilization of polyphenol oxidase (tyrosinase) on electrochemically polymerized polypyrrole-polyvinylsulphonate (PPy-PVS) film has been accomplished via the entrapment technique on the surface of a platinum electrode. The amperometric determination is based on the electrochemical reduction of quinon generated in the enzymatic reaction of phenol. The effects of pH and temperature were investigated and optimum parameters were found to be 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. The linear working range of the electrode was 1.0 × 10(-7) - 5.0 × 10(-6) M. The storage stability and operation stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halit Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Caicedo P, Schröder A, Ulrich N, Schröter U, Paschke A, Schüürmann G, Ahumada I, Richter P. Determination of lindane leachability in soil-biosolid systems and its bioavailability in wheat plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:397-402. [PMID: 21524779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The leachability of lindane from different biosolid amended soils was determined and compared to its bioavailability. Sand, soil, and a mixture of soil-sand (1:1 w/w) were spiked with lindane, blended with different amounts of biosolids, and subjected to a leaching process with water that lasted for 1-28 d. This procedure is in accordance with ISO/TS 21268-1: 2007. After these batch tests, lindane was extracted from the leachates using three different solvent-free microextraction techniques, including solid phase microextraction (SPME), stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), and silicone rod extraction (SRE). The amount of lindane was determined with thermal desorption and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The efficiencies of the three microextraction techniques were statistically different, and the efficiency could be related to the amount of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in each extraction device. However, all of the techniques provide data that shows that the leachability of lindane is dependent on the amount of organic matter contained in the matrix. The results of the lindane leachability assay were compared to the bioavailability of lindane, which was determined by measuring the amount of lindane that accumulated in the roots of wheat plants grown in similar soil-biosolid systems. It was confirmed that the amount of organic matter in the matrix is a determining factor for lindane immobilization. The presence of biosolids decreases the mobility of lindane in all of the systems under study. Similarly, increasing biosolid concentrations in the soil significantly decreased the bioavailability of lindane and, consequently, plant absorption. The good correlation (R(2)=0.997) between the leachability of lindane from the matrix and plant absorption of lindane indicates that the proposed biomimetic methodology can predict the bioavailability of lindane in a time period as short as 7d. The results of this work confirm that amending contaminated soils with biosolids is beneficial for immobilizing lindane and helps prevent the percolation of lindane through the soil profile and into groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Caicedo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
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40
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Eom IY. Estimation of Partition Coefficients of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and p-Xylene by Consecutive Extraction with Solid Phase Microextraction. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.5.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Fabrication of a carbon fiber paper as the electrode and its application toward developing a sensitive unmediated amperometric biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:2858-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Singh RP. A catechol biosensor based on a gold nanoparticles encapsulated-dendrimer. Analyst 2011; 136:1216-21. [PMID: 21240422 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase has been immobilized on a Au nanoparticles encapsulated-dendrimer bonded conducting polymer on a glassy carbon electrode for the estimation of catechol. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and AFM techniques. The principle of catechol estimation was based on the reduction of biocatalytically liberated quinone species at +0.2 V versus Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl), with good stability, sensitivity, and featuring a low detection limit (about 0.002 μM) and wide linear range (0.005 μM-120 μM). The electrochemical redox peak of catechol on the GCE/PolyPATT/Den(AuNPs)/tyrosinase was also investigated. A response time of 7 s, reusability up to 5 cycles and a shelf life of more than 2 months under refrigerated conditions were reported. Various parameters influencing biosensor performance have been optimized including pH, temperature, and applied potential. The utility and application of this nanobiosensor was tested in a real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra P Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Biophysio Sensor Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, S. Korea.
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FUKUSHIMA M, TERASHIMA M, YABUTA H. Interactions between Humic Substances and Hydrophobic Organic Pollutants and Their Applications to Soil Remediation. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2011. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.60.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami FUKUSHIMA
- Laboratory of Chemical Resources, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Motoki TERASHIMA
- Geological Isolation Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)
| | - Hikaru YABUTA
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University
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Hanzel J, Harms H, Wick LY. Bacterial chemotaxis along vapor-phase gradients of naphthalene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:9304-9310. [PMID: 21080701 DOI: 10.1021/es100776h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The role of bacterial growth and translocation for the bioremediation of organic contaminants in the vadose zone is poorly understood. Whereas air-filled pores restrict the mobility of bacteria, diffusion of volatile organic compounds in air is more efficient than in water. Past research, however, has focused on chemotactic swimming of bacteria along gradients of water-dissolved chemicals. In this study we tested if and to what extent Pseudomonas putida PpG7 (NAH7) chemotactically reacts to vapor-phase gradients forming above their swimming medium by the volatilization from a spot source of solid naphthalene. The development of an aqueous naphthalene gradient by air-water partitioning was largely suppressed by means of activated carbon in the agar. Surprisingly, strain PpG7 was repelled by vapor-phase naphthalene although the steady state gaseous concentrations were 50-100 times lower than the aqueous concentrations that result in positive chemotaxis of the same strain. It is thus assumed that the efficient gas-phase diffusion resulting in a steady, and possibly toxic, naphthalene flux to the cells controlled the chemotactic reaction rather than the concentration to which the cells were exposed. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of apparent chemotactic behavior of bacteria in response to vapor-phase effector gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hanzel
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Microbiology, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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45
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Dragancea V, Sturza R, Boujtita M. Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes with Tyrosinase for Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Smoked Food. CHEMISTRY JOURNAL OF MOLDOVA 2010. [DOI: 10.19261/cjm.2010.05(2).06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A screen-printed carbon electrode modified with tyrosinase (SPCE-Tyr/Paa/Glut) has been developed for the determination of phenol concentration in real samples. The resulting SPCE-Tyr/Paa/Glut was prepared in a one-step procedure, and was then optimized as an amperometric biosensor operating at 0 mV versus Ag/AgCl for phenol determination in flow injection mode. Phenol detection was realized by electrochemical reduction of quinone produced by tyrosinase activity. The possibility of using the developed biosensor to determine phenol concentrations in various smoked products (bacon, ham, chicken and salmon) was also evaluated. Gas chromatography (GC) method was used for result validation obtained in flow injection mode using amperometric biosensor. The result showed good correlation with those obtained by flowinjection analysis (FIA).
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46
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Assessing desorption resistance of PAHs in dissolved humic substances by membrane-based passive samplers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 350:348-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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DiFilippo EL, Eganhouse RP. Assessment of PDMS-water partition coefficients: implications for passive environmental sampling of hydrophobic organic compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:6917-6925. [PMID: 20726511 DOI: 10.1021/es101103x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has shown potential as an in situ passive-sampling technique in aquatic environments. The reliability of this method depends upon accurate determination of the partition coefficient between the fiber coating and water (K(f)). For some hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs), K(f) values spanning 4 orders of magnitude have been reported for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and water. However, 24% of the published data examined in this review did not pass the criterion for negligible depletion, resulting in questionable K(f) values. The range in reported K(f) is reduced to just over 2 orders of magnitude for some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) when these questionable values are removed. Other factors that could account for the range in reported K(f), such as fiber-coating thickness and fiber manufacturer, were evaluated and found to be insignificant. In addition to accurate measurement of K(f), an understanding of the impact of environmental variables, such as temperature and ionic strength, on partitioning is essential for application of laboratory-measured K(f) values to field samples. To date, few studies have measured K(f) for HOCs at conditions other than at 20° or 25 °C in distilled water. The available data indicate measurable variations in K(f) at different temperatures and different ionic strengths. Therefore, if the appropriate environmental variables are not taken into account, significant error will be introduced into calculated aqueous concentrations using this passive sampling technique. A multiparameter linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) was developed to estimate log K(f) in distilled water at 25 °C based on published physicochemical parameters. This method provided a good correlation (R(2) = 0.94) between measured and predicted log K(f) values for several compound classes. Thus, an LSER approach may offer a reliable means of predicting log K(f) for HOCs whose experimental log K(f) values are presently unavailable. Future research should focus on understanding the impact of environmental variables on K(f). Obtaining the data needed for an LSER approach to estimate K(f) for all environmentally relevant HOCs would be beneficial to the application of SPME as a passive-sampling technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L DiFilippo
- US Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA
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48
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Haftka JJH, Govers HAJ, Parsons JR. Influence of temperature and origin of dissolved organic matter on the partitioning behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2010; 17:1070-1079. [PMID: 19953335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-009-0263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND, AIM, AND SCOPE The behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in pore water of soils and sediments. Since partitioning to DOM reduces the bioavailable or freely dissolved PAH concentration in pore water, it is important to assess the effect of environmental variables on the magnitude of dissolved organic matter to water partition coefficients (K (DOC)). The objective of this study was to apply passive samplers to measure freely dissolved PAHs allowing depletion from the aqueous phase. The method was applied to determine K (DOC) at different temperatures for a selection of PAHs with natural DOM of very different origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Freely dissolved concentrations of (spiked) phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[e]pyrene were determined by exposing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fibers to aqueous solutions containing DOM extracted from freshwater sediments from Finland and the Netherlands. The K (DOC) values were subsequently calculated at different temperatures (3.2, 20, and 36 degrees C) by including temperature-dependent PDMS to water partition coefficients (K (PDMS)) in a mass balance. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on partitioning of PAHs to PDMS fibers or DOM was assessed by comparing the enthalpy of sorption to the excess enthalpy of dissolution of liquid PAHs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Partitioning to DOM resulted in a decrease of freely dissolved concentrations with increasing DOM concentrations and a large range in log K (DOC) values at 20 degrees C for benzo[e]pyrene was observed (log K (DOC) = 4.93-6.60 L kg(-1) organic carbon). An increase of 10 degrees C in temperature resulted in a decrease of K (PDMS) by 0.09 to 0.13 log units for phenanthrene to pyrene and a decrease of K (DOC) by 0.13 log units for pyrene. The calculated enthalpies of sorption were less exothermic than the (negative) excess enthalpies of dissolution as expected for non-specific interactions between PAHs and PDMS or DOM. CONCLUSIONS The bioavailability of PAHs in sedimentary pore waters can be accurately determined by application of PDMS fibers (without requiring negligible depletion) in the presence of natural DOM with different sorption affinity for PAHs. The observed natural variability in log K (DOC) values for different sediments shows that large differences can occur in freely dissolved PAH concentrations in pore water and properties of DOM should be taken into account in predicting the bioavailability of PAHs. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the partitioning behavior of PAHs shows that interactions between PAHs and environmental sorbents are comparable to interactions between PAHs in their pure condensed liquid phase and calculated excess enthalpies can be safely used to directly correct partition coefficients for temperature. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES The application of PDMS fibers in measuring freely dissolved PAH concentrations can be used to study structural and thermodynamic aspects of PAH sorption to natural DOM as well as other environmental processes such as enhanced diffusion phenomena in pore water that are dependent on the amount (or concentration) of DOM, sorption affinity of DOM, and hydrophobicity of PAHs. These environmental factors will therefore give further insight into the site-specific exposure to freely dissolved PAH concentrations in soil and sedimentary pore water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris J H Haftka
- Earth Surface Sciences, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Merkoçi A, Anik U, Çevik S, Çubukçu M, Guix M. Bismuth Film Combined with Screen-Printed Electrode as Biosensing Platform for Phenol Detection. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200970002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Lu L, Zhang L, Zhang X, Huan S, Shen G, Yu R. A novel tyrosinase biosensor based on hydroxyapatite–chitosan nanocomposite for the detection of phenolic compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 665:146-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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