1
|
Wang ZY, Xie WQ, Xiang ZY, Zhang CY, Xie YG, Quah RYC, Ding GH. Exploring the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate on tadpole health: A comprehensive analysis of intestinal microbiota and hepatic transcriptome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174428. [PMID: 38964390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), a chlorinated organophosphate ester, is commonly found in aquatic environments. Due to its various toxic effects, it may pose a risk to the health of aquatic organisms. However, the potential impacts of TCEP exposure on the intestinal microbiota and hepatic function in amphibians have not been reported. This study investigated the impact of long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TCEP (0, 3, and 90 μg/L) on the intestinal microbiota and hepatic transcriptome of Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles. The results showed that the body size of the tadpoles decreased significantly with an increase in TCEP concentration. Additionally, TCEP exposure affected the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota in tadpoles, leading to significant changes in the relative abundance of certain bacterial groups (the genera Aeromonas decreased and Citrobacter increased) and potentially promoting a more even distribution of microbial species, as indicated by a significant increase in the Simpson index. Moreover, the impact of TCEP on hepatic gene expression profiles in tadpoles was significant, with the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (709 out of 906 total DEGs in 3 μg/L of TCEP versus control, and 344 out of 387 DEGs in 90 μg/L of TCEP versus control) being significantly down-regulated, which were primarily related to immune response and immune system process. Notably, exposure to TCEP significantly reduced the relative abundance of the genera Aeromonas and Cetobacterium in the tadpole intestine. This reduction was positively correlated with the down-regulated expression of immune-related genes in the liver of corresponding tadpoles. In summary, these findings provide empirical evidence of the potential health risks to tadpoles exposed to TCEP at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ying Wang
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Yong Xiang
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chi-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Ge Xie
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Roy You Chen Quah
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guo-Hua Ding
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie WQ, Wang ZY, Xie YG, Hao JJ, Cao XD, Xiang ZY, Lou LP, Ding GH. Integrated biomarker-based ecological risks assessment of tadpole responses to tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and their combined environmental exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124494. [PMID: 38968982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) are common chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) used in industry. They have been frequently detected together in aquatic environments and associated with various hazardous effects. However, the ecological risks of prolonged exposure to these OPFRs at environmentally relevant concentrations in non-model aquatic organisms remain unexplored. This study investigated the effects of long-term exposure (up to 25 days) to TCEP and TCPP on metamorphosis, hepatic antioxidants, and endocrine function in Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles. Exposure concentrations were set at 3, 30, and 90 μg/L for each substance, conducted independently and in equal-concentration combinations, with a control group included for comparison. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) method developed an optimal linear model for predicting the overall ecological risks of TCEP and TCPP to tadpoles in potential distribution areas of Polypedates species. Results showed that: (1) Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TCEP and TCPP elicited variable adverse effects on tadpole metamorphosis time, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity and related gene expression, and endocrine-related gene expression, with their combined exposure exacerbating these effects. (2) The IBR value of TCEP was consistently greater than that of TCPP at each concentration, with an additive effect observed under their combined exposure. (3) The ecological risk of tadpoles exposed to the combined presence of TCEP and TCPP was highest in China's Taihu Lake and Vietnam's Hanoi than in other distribution locations. In summary, prolonged exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TCEP and TCPP presents potential ecological risks to amphibian tadpoles, offering insights for the development of policies and strategies to control TCEP and TCPP pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, the methodology employed in establishing the IBR prediction model provides a methodological framework for assessing the overall ecological risks of multiple OPFRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi-Ge Xie
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia-Jun Hao
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin-Dan Cao
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zi-Yong Xiang
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lu-Ping Lou
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guo-Hua Ding
- Laboratory of Amphibian Diversity Investigation, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, He E, Chen G, Cao X, Zhao L, Xu X, Fu Z, Qiu H. Intergenerational neurotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in offspring mice is mediated by dysfunctional microbe-gut-brain axis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 192:109026. [PMID: 39321539 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous in daily life, posing potential risks to the environment and human. While their negative effects on parental organisms have been extensively studied, intergenerational effects are still in the early stages of investigation. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of maternal exposure to an environmentally relevant level of polystyrene NPs (PSNPs, 100 nm) during gestation and lactation (∼32 days, 50 μg/mouse/day) on neurotoxicity mediated by the microbe-gut-brain axis in offspring mice. Maternal PSNPs exposure significantly increased brain TNF-α level and microglia by 1.43 and 1.48 folds respectively, compared to control, accompanied by nuclear pyknosis and cell vacuolization in cortex and hippocampus. Targeted neurotransmitter metabolomics analysis revealed dysregulation in dopamine and serotonin metabolism. Specifically, dopamine levels increased significantly from 0.007 ng/L to 0.015 ng/L, while N-acetylseroton and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid decreased significantly from 0.002 and 0.929 ng/L to 0.001 and 0.680 ng/L, respectively. Through a combination of 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical analysis, we discovered that maternal PSNPs exposure led to a depletion of anti-inflammatory bacteria and an enrichment of pro-inflammatory bacteria resulting in intestinal barrier damage, elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide in blood, and subsequent activation of neuroinflammation. Meanwhile, gut bacteria dysbiosis interfered with communication between gut and brain by dysregulating neurotransmitter synthesis, as evidenced by significant associations between neurotransmitter-related bacteria (Akkermansia, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, Lachnoclostridium) and dopamine/serotonin related metabolites. Furthermore, transcriptional alterations in dopamine and serotonin related pathways were observed in the enteric nervous system, suggesting abnormal signal transduction from gut to brain contributes to neurotoxicity. This study provides new insights into NPs-induced neurotoxicity within the context of microbe-gut-brain axis and highlights the risk of cerebral dysfunction in offspring with maternal NPs exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Erkai He
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guangquan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhuozhong Fu
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan Z, Liao W, Liu H, Zhang X, Lin Q, Feng C, Wu F. Temperature dependent cholinergic synapse induced by triphenyl phosphate and tris(1.3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate via thyroid hormone synthesis in Cyprinus carpio. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135822. [PMID: 39276737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and tris(1.3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) are emerging contaminants that pervade diverse ecosystems and impair the thyroid and neural signaling pathways. The intricate interactions between thyroid and neurodevelopmental effects mediated by TPHP and TDCIPP remain elusive. This study integrates in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches to elucidate these mechanisms in Cyprinus carpio at varying temperatures. It showed that TPHP and TDCIPP hindered fish growth, particularly at low temperatures, by interfering with thyroid hormone synthesis and transport processes. Both compounds have been identified as environmental hormones that mimic thyroid hormone activity and potentially inhibit acetylcholinesterase, leading to neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by brain tissue damage and disrupted cholinergic synapses, such as axon guidance and regeneration. Notably, the bioaccumulation of TPHP was 881.54 % higher than that of TDCIPP, exhibiting temperature-dependent variations with higher levels of TDCIPP at low temperatures (20.50 % and 250.84 % above optimum and high temperatures, respectively), suggesting that temperature could exacerbate the toxicity effects of OPEs. This study sheds new light on the mechanisms underlying thyroid endocrine disruption and neurodevelopmental toxicity in C. carpio. More importantly, these findings indicate that temperature affects the environmental fate and effects of TPHP and TDCIPP, which could provide an important basis for ecological environmental zoning control of emerging contaminants in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Yan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Liao
- Wetland Research Center, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Hangshuo Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Qingsong Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Fengchang Wu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao S, Chen X, Lyu B, Zhang L, Wu Y, Liu J, Shi Z. Comprehensive dietary exposure assessment of the Chinese population to organophosphate esters (OPEs): Results of the sixth China total diet study. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143281. [PMID: 39243898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are emerging pollutants, while data on their occurrence in foods and human dietary intake are limited. Based on the 6th China total diet study conducted in 2016-2019, this study implemented a comprehensive survey of OPEs in plant-derived foods of cereals, potatoes, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and further assessed dietary exposure from both plant- and animal-derived food. The sum concentrations of 15 OPEs in the plant-derived samples ranged from 0.567 to 106 ng/g ww. 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) (median: 1.14 ng/g ww) had the highest level in plant-derived foods, with a proportion of 35.6% in the total median OPEs. Regional distribution analysis showed a higher contamination of OPEs in plant-derived food from northern area of China. Estimated dietary intakes (EDIs) of ∑OPEs for Chinese population were from 109 ng/kg bw/day in Beijing to 1164 ng/kg bw/day in Gansu province, with mean and median of 296 and 222 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. Although animal-derived foods had higher levels of OPEs, plant-derived foods, specifically cereals, was the major source of dietary OPE intake. The EDIs were much lower than reference doses, which suggested the intakes of OPEs via food consumption could not cause significant health risks to the Chinese population at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunying Yao
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xuelei Chen
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bing Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100022, China; NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100022, China; NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100022, China; NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Zhixiong Shi
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pang X, Wei X, Wu Y, Nan S, Feng J, Wang F, Yao M, Nie C. Capsaicin Modulates Hepatic and Intestinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Regulating the Colon Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:942. [PMID: 39199187 PMCID: PMC11352159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of capsaicin (CAP) in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic and intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and its colonic microflora in mice. Thirty healthy male Kunming mice with similar body weights were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group (CON), the LPS group, and the CAP group, with ten mice in each group. The CON and the LPS groups received a daily dose of normal saline, respectively, while the CAP group received an equivalent dose of CAP. On the 28th day of the experiment, the LPS and the CAP groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS, while the CON group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The results lead to the following conclusions. Compared to the LPS group, CAP improved the loss of hepatic lobular structure and significantly increased the duodenal villus length and ratio of villus length to crypt depth. CAP increased hepatic and colon interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels. CAP also increased hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. CAP significantly increased the relative abundances of Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, Prevotellaceae-UCG-001, Colidextribacter, unclassified-f-Oscillospiraceae, and Odoribacter, some of which were closely related to hepatic and colonic immune and oxidative markers. CAP also decreased the overall content of short-chain fatty acids, except for propionic acid. Overall, CAP can regulate the colon microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Whether CAP exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by modulating the colonic microflora, mainly Mucispirillum spp. and Helicobacter spp., requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Xin Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Yanyan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Shanshan Nan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Jiaqi Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| | - Min Yao
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Cunxi Nie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (X.P.); (X.W.); (Y.W.); (S.N.); (J.F.); (F.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding J, Wang H, He J, Jing C, Zhao H, Hu F. Elucidating the reproductive toxicity mechanisms in female zebrafish: A transcriptomic study of lifetime tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174831. [PMID: 39019278 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), emerging as a predominant substitute for brominated flame retardants (BFRs), is now increasingly recognized as a prevalent contaminant in aquatic ecosystems. The extent of its reproductive toxicity in aquatic species, particularly in zebrafish (Danio rerio), remains insufficiently characterized. This study subjected zebrafish embryos to various concentrations of TCEP (0, 0.8, 4, 20, and 100 μg/L) over a period of 120 days, extending through sexual maturation, to assess its impact on female reproductive health. Notable reductions in body weight (0.59- and 0.76-fold) and length (0.71- and 0.77-fold) were observed at concentrations of 20 and 100 μg/L, with a concomitant decrease by 0.21- to 0.61-fold in the gonadal somatic index across all treatment groups. The reproductive output, as evidenced by egg production and hatchability, was adversely affected. Histopathological analysis suggested that TCEP exposure impedes ovarian development. Endocrine alterations were also evident, with testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone levels significantly diminished by 0.38- and 0.08-fold at the highest concentration tested, while 17β-estradiol was elevated by 0.09- to 0.14-fold in all exposed groups. Transcriptomic profiling illuminated numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) integral to reproductive processes, including hormone regulation, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, oocyte meiosis, and progesterone-mediated maturation pathways. Collectively, these findings indicate that lifelong exposure to TCEP disrupts ovarian development and maturation in female zebrafish, alters gene expression within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and perturbs sex hormone synthesis, culminating in pronounced reproductive toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Technology Innovation Center for Monitoring and Restoration Engineering of Ecological Fragile Zone in Southeast China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiabo He
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chen Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haocheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fengxiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Technology Innovation Center for Monitoring and Restoration Engineering of Ecological Fragile Zone in Southeast China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Lv Y, Jiang Z, Ma C, Li R, Zhao M, Guo Y, Guo H, Zhang X, Li A, Liu Y. Association of co-exposure to organophosphate esters and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and mixture with cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic biomarkers among Chinese adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116524. [PMID: 38838464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate esters (OPEs) and Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants with common exposure sources, leading to their widespread presence in human body. However, evidence on co-exposure to OPEs and PFAS and its impact on cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic biomarkers remains limited. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 467 adults were enrolled from January to May 2022 during physical visits in Shijiazhuang, Hebei province. Eleven types of OPEs and twelves types of PFAS were detected, among which eight OPEs and six PFAS contaminants were detected in more than 60% of plasma samples. Seventeen biomarkers were assessed to comprehensively evaluate the cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic function. Multiple linear regression, multipollutant models with sparse partial least squares, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to examine the associations of individual OPEs and PFAS and their mixtures with organ function and metabolism, respectively. RESULTS Of the over 400 exposure-outcome associations tested when modelling, we observed robust results across three models that perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxS) was significantly positively associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and indirect bilirubin (IBIL). Perfluorononanoic acid was significantly associated with decreased AST/ALT and increased very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Besides, perfluorodecanoic acid was correlated with increased high lipoprotein cholesterol and perfluoroundecanoic acid was consistently associated with lower glucose level. BKMR analysis showed that OPEs and PFAS mixtures were positively associated with IBIL and TBIL, among which PFHxS was the main toxic chemicals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that exposure to OPEs and PFAS, especially PFHxS and PFNA, may disrupt organ function and metabolism in the general population, providing insight into the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of OPEs and PFAS co-exposure and chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Zexuan Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Chaoying Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Mengwei Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050017, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050017, PR China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050017, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu X, Liu F, Liu L, Song Y, Liu H. Carbamazepine transmits immune effect by activation of gut-liver axis and TLR signaling pathway from parental zebrafish to offspring. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:108-119. [PMID: 38445754 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) has been identified in the aquatic environment as an emerging contaminant. Its immune effect across generations at environmentally relevant concentrations is little known. We aim to elucidate the effects of CBZ on the immune system in zebrafish (Danio rerio), hypothesizing the effects caused by CBZ exposure in the parental generation can be passed on to its offspring, leading to impairment of innate immune function and defense against pathogen weakened. A suite of bioassays (including a test with added lipopolysaccharide) was used to measure the effects of environmentally relevant levels of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/l) on zebrafish at multiple biological levels, and across 2 successive generations (21 days exposure for F0; 5 and 21 days exposure or nonexposure for F1). The results showed that CBZ affected homeostasis in the immune system, caused liver vacuolization, increased the inflammation-related microbiota proportion in gut, and decreased reproduction, by induction of oxidative stress and modulation of Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling pathway on gut-liver axis. The effects of exposure to CBZ over 21 days in F0 could be passed to the next generation. Intergenerational effects on TLR and antioxidant defense system were also observed in nonexposed F1 at 5 days post-fertilization (5 dpf), but diminished at 21 dpf. The finding provided evidence to unravel immune response by gut-liver axis mediated and oxidative stress under 4 test conditions. The study has raised a potential concern about the multigenerational immune effects of environmental pollutants and calls for a focus on the risk of synergetic pathogen infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - You Song
- Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li J, Fang L, Xi M, Ni A, Qian Q, Wang Z, Wang H, Yan J. Toxic effects of triclosan on hepatic and intestinal lipid accumulation in zebrafish via regulation of m6A-RNA methylation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 269:106884. [PMID: 38458066 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), recognized as an endocrine disruptor, has raised significant concerns due to its widespread use and potential health risks. To explore the impact of TCS on lipid metabolism, both larval and adult zebrafish were subjected to acute and chronic exposure to TCS. Through analyzes of biochemical and physiological markers, as well as Oil Red O (ORO) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, our investigation revealed that TCS exposure induced hepatic and intestinal lipid accumulation in larval and adult zebrafish, leading to structural damage and inflammatory responses in these tissues. The strong affinity of TCS with PPARγ and subsequent pathway activation indicate that PPARγ pathway plays a crucial role in TCS-induced lipid buildup. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in m6A-RNA methylation levels in the TCS-treated group, which attributed to the increased activity of the demethylase FTO and concurrent suppression of the methyltransferase METTL3 gene expression by TCS. The alteration in methylation dynamics is identified as a potential underlying mechanism behind TCS-induced lipid accumulation. To address this concern, we explored the impact of folic acid-a methyl donor for m6A-RNA methylation-on lipid accumulation in zebrafish. Remarkably, folic acid administration partially alleviated lipid accumulation by restoring m6A-RNA methylation. This restoration, in turn, contributed to a reduction in inflammatory damage observed in both the liver and intestines. Additionally, folic acid partially mitigates the up-regulation of PPARγ and related genes induced by TCS. These findings carry substantial implications for understanding the adverse effects of environmental pollutants such as TCS. They also emphasize the promising potential of folic acid as a therapeutic intervention to alleviate disturbances in lipid metabolism induced by environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lu Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Miaocui Xi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Anyu Ni
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qiuhui Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zejun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Huili Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Jin Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu F, Zhang R, Li H, Liu H, Yan A, Han M, Kang Y, Zhang ZE, Wang Y, Yu K. Distribution and adsorption-desorption of organophosphate esters from land to sea in the sediments of the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea: Impact of seagoing river input. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170359. [PMID: 38281641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have been a class of emerging environmental contaminants. However, studies on their environmental behavior, specifically their adsorption-desorption behavior between sediment and seawater in estuarine and coastal areas, remain limited. To address this gap, our study focused on investigating the levels and behavior of 11 OPEs in sediment samples collected from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea, encompassing estuaries and coastal regions. The total concentrations of 11 OPEs (Σ11OPEs) in the sediments exhibit a significant decrease in summer, both in seagoing rivers (4.67 ± 2.74 ng/g dw) and the coastal zone (5.11 ± 3.71 ng/g dw), compared to winter levels in seagoing rivers (8.26 ± 4.70 ng/g dw) and the coastal zone (7.71 ± 3.83 ng/g dw). Chlorinated OPEs dominated the sediments, constituting 63 %-76 % of the total. Particularly, port and mariculture areas showed the highest levels of OPEs. Through load estimation analysis, it was revealed that the sedimentary OPEs in Qinzhou Bay (221 ± 128 kg) had the highest load, with input from the Qin River identified as a significant source. Chlorinated OPEs showed a trend of desorption from sediments to the water column with increasing salinity, emphasizing the crucial role of land-based OPEs input through suspended particulate matter in rivers as a pathway to the ocean. The impact of strong flow in estuarine environments was highlighted, as it can scour sediments, generate suspended sediments, and release OPEs into the water bodies. Additionally, the results of the ecological risk assessment indicated that most of the OPEs posed low-risk levels. However, attention is warranted for the contamination levels of some chlorinated OPEs, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China.
| | - Haolan Li
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Huanxin Liu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Annan Yan
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Minwei Han
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yaru Kang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zheng-En Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin Y, Lin R, Wang W, Xie M, Li Y, Zhang Q. Association between urinary organophosphate ester metabolite exposure and thyroid disease risk among US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1329247. [PMID: 38405137 PMCID: PMC10884265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1329247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Organophosphate esters (OPEs) may interfere with thyroid function, but the relationship between OPEs and thyroid disease remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between OPEs exposure and thyroid disease risk in the general population in the United States. Method Data were obtained from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle. All participants were tested for seven OPE metabolites in their urine and answered questions about whether they had thyroid disease through questionnaires. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between exposure to individual OPE metabolites and thyroid disease. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression modeling was utilized to assess exposure to mixed OPE metabolites and risk of thyroid disease. Bayesian kernel machine regression(BKMR) models to analyze the overall mixed effect of OPE metabolites. Result A total of 2,449 participants were included in the study, 228 of whom had a history of thyroid disease. Bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phos (BDCPP), Diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) and Bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) were the top three metabolites with the highest detection rates of 91.75%, 90.77% and 86.57%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression models, after adjustment for confounding variables, individuals with the highest tertile level of BCEP were significantly and positively associated with increased risk of thyroid disease (OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.04-2.36), using the lowest tertile level as reference. In the positive WQS regression model, after correcting for confounding variables, mixed exposure to OPE metabolites was significantly positively associated with increased risk of thyroid disease (OR=1.03, 95% CI=1.01-1.06), with BCEP and DPHP having high weights. In the BKMR model, the overall effect of mixed exposure to OPE metabolites was not statistically significant, but univariate exposure response trends showed that the risk of thyroid disease decreased and then increased as BCEP exposure levels increased. Conclusion The study revealed a significant association between exposure to OPE metabolites and an increased risk of thyroid disease, with BCEP emerging as the primary contributor. The risk of thyroid disease exhibits a J-shaped pattern, whereby the risk initially decreases and subsequently increases with rising levels of BCEP exposure. Additional studies are required to validate the association between OPEs and thyroid diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ruipeng Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weikang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Manling Xie
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Food and Chemical Institute, Anhui Province Institute of Product Quality Supervision & Inspection, Hefei, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu Y, Tian D, Yu Y, Lu L, Shi W, Liu G. Microplastics aggravate the bioaccumulation and corresponding food safety risk of antibiotics in edible bivalves by constraining detoxification-related processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168436. [PMID: 37949129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Characterized by a sessile filter-feeding lifestyle, commercial marine bivalves inhabiting pollution-prone coastal areas may accumulate significant amounts of pollutants, such as antibiotic residues, in their soft tissues and thus pose a potential threat to the health of seafood consumers. Microplastics are another type of emerging pollutant that are prevalent in coastal areas and have been reported to interact with common antibiotics such as enrofloxacin (ENR) and trimethoprim (TMP). Nevertheless, little is known about the impacts of MPs on the accumulation and corresponding food safety risk of antibiotics in edible bivalve species. Taking the frequently detected ENR, TMP, and polystyrene (PS)-MPs as representatives, the accumulation of above-mentioned antibiotics in three commercial bivalves with or without the copresence of MPs was assessed. In addition, the corresponding food safety risks of consuming antibiotic-contaminated bivalves were evaluated. Moreover, the impacts of these pollutants on detoxification-related processes were analyzed using the thick-shell mussel as a representative. Our results demonstrated that blood clams (Tegillarca granosa), thick-shell mussels (Mytilus coruscus), and Asiatic hard clams (Meretrix meretrix) accumulated significantly higher amounts of antibiotics in their bodies under antibiotic-MP coexposure scenarios. Although based on the target hazard quotients (THQs) and the margins of exposure (MoEs) obtained, the direct toxic risks of consuming ENR- or TMP-contaminated bivalves were negligible, the TMP residue accumulated in TMP-MP-coexposed mussels did surpass the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of the corresponding National Food Safety Standard of China, suggesting that other forms of potential risks should not be ignored. In addition, it was shown that the detoxification, energy provision, and antioxidant capacities of the thick-shell mussels were significantly hampered by exposure to the pollutants. In general, our data indicate that MPs may aggravate the accumulation and corresponding food safety risk of antibiotics in edible bivalves by disrupting detoxification-related processes, which deserves closer attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dandan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingzheng Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin W, Qin Y, Ren Y. Flunitrazepam and its metabolites compromise zebrafish nervous system functionality: An integrated microbiome, metabolome, and genomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122949. [PMID: 37981184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The psychotropic drug flunitrazepam (FLZ) is frequently detected in aquatic environments, yet its neurotoxicity to aquatic organisms has not received sufficient attention. In this study, microbiome, metabolome, and genome analyses were conducted to study the effects of FLZ and its metabolite 7-aminoflunitrazepam (7-FLZ) on the zebrafish nervous system and understand their toxic mechanisms. The results demonstrated that drug exposure induced gut dysbiosis, decreased short-chain fatty acids and promoted the production of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS entered the brain and interacted with Toll-like receptors to cause neuroinflammation by upregulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and NF-κB. The increased ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine in brain tissues indicated abnormal expression of Dnmt1 gene. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing displayed an increase in differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated-genes and pertinent biological pathways encompassed the MAPK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Correlation analysis confirmed connections between gut microbiota, their metabolites, inflammatory factors, and DNA methylation-related markers in brain tissue. These findings indicate that while the toxicity is somewhat reduced in metabolized products, both FLZ and 7-FLZ can induce DNA methylation in brain tissue and ultimately affect the biological function of the nervous system by disrupting gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yingjun Qin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu F, Li W, Wang H, Peng H, He J, Ding J, Zhang W. Environmentally relevant concentrations of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) induce hepatotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio): a whole life-cycle assessment. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:1421-1433. [PMID: 37950834 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), a typical organophosphate flame retardant, is of increasingly great concern considering their ubiquitous presence in aquatic environments and potential ecotoxicity. The present work was aimed to investigate the potential growth inhibition and hepatic stress induced by whole life-cycle exposure to TCEP (0.8, 4, 20 and 100 μg/L) in zebrafish. The results revealed that the body length, body mass and hepatic-somatic index (HSI) of zebrafish were significantly declined after exposure to TCEP for 120 days. GPx activity and GSH content were increased in the liver of zebrafish treated with low concentrations (0.8 and 4 μg/L) of TCEP, while exposure to high concentrations (20 and 100 μg/L) of TCEP reduced antioxidative capacity and elevated lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. Gene transcription analysis demonstrated that the mRNA levels of nrf2 were altered in a similar manner to the transcription of the downstream genes nqo1 and hmox1, suggesting that Nrf2-Keap1 pathway mediated TCEP-induced oxidative stress in zebrafish liver. In addition, TCEP exposure might alleviate inflammatory response through down-regulating transcription of inflammatory cytokines (il-1β, il-6 and inos), and induce apoptosis via activating the p53-Bax pathway. Moreover, whole life-cycle exposure to TCEP caused a series of histopathological anomalies in zebrafish liver. Overall, our results revealed that lifetime exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TCEP could result in growth retardation and induce significant hepatotoxicity in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hangke Peng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiabo He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jieyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weini Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Luo Y, Zhang M, Huang S, Deng G, Chen H, Lu M, Zhang G, Chen L. Effects of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate exposure on gut microbiome using the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139969. [PMID: 37634589 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) has been widely used, and its health risk has received increasing attention. However, the rare research has been conducted on the effects of TCEP exposure on changes in the structure of the human gut microbiome and metabolic functions. In this experiment, Simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME) was applied to explore the influences of TCEP on the human gut bacteria community and structure. The results obtained from high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene have clearly revealed differences among control and exposure groups. High-dose TCEP exposure increased the Shannon and Simpson indexes in the results of α-diversity of the gut microbiome. At phylum level, Firmicutes occupied a higher proportion of gut microbiota, while the proportion of Bacteroidetes decreased. In the genus-level analysis, the relative abundance of Bacteroides descended with the TCEP exposure dose increased in the ascending colon, while the abundances of Roseburia, Lachnospira, Coprococcus and Lachnoclostridium were obviously correlated with exposure dose in each colon. The results of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) showed a remarkable effect on the distribution after TCEP exposure. In the ascending colon, the control group had the highest acetate concentration (1.666 ± 0.085 mg⋅mL-1), while acetate concentrations in lose-dose medium-dose and high-doseTCEP exposure groups were 1.119 ± 0.084 mg⋅mL-1, 0.437 ± 0.053 mg⋅mL-1 and 0.548 ± 0.106 mg⋅mL-1, respectively. TCEP exposure resulted in a decrease in acetate and propionate concentrations, while increasing butyrate concentrations in each colon. Dorea, Fusicatenibacter, Kineothrix, Lachnospira, and Roseburia showed an increasing tendency in abundance under TCEP exposure, while they had a negatively correlation with acetate and propionate concentrations and positively related with butyrate concentrations. Overall, this study confirms that TCEP exposure alters both the composition and metabolic function of intestinal microbial communities, to arouse public concern about its negative health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasong Luo
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Mai Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuyang Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guanhua Deng
- Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Tianqiang St., Huangpu West Ave., Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510620, China
| | - Huashan Chen
- Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Mingmin Lu
- Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lingyun Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lu ZJ, Shi WJ, Gao FZ, Ma DD, Zhang JG, Li SY, Long XB, Zhang QQ, Ying GG. Climbazole causes cell apoptosis and lipidosis in the liver of grass carp. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106698. [PMID: 37722153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Climbazole, an azole, is widely used in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides and is frequently detected in surface water. Climbazole has showed endocrine-disrupting effects. However, the effects of climbazole in fish are still largely unclear. In this study, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and liver cell lines (L8824 cells) were treated with climbazole at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 20 μg/L for 42 days in vivo and 24 h in vitro to evaluate the effects on the liver, respectively. Pathological, biochemical, and gene transcription and expression analyses were conducted to examine the hepatotoxicity. Our results showed that climbazole significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index, caused cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and finally accumulated lipids in the liver. Beside, climbazole increased ROS levels, reduced Nrf2 and Keap1 mRNA and protein levels, and further decreased transcription of Nrf2-dependent downstream antioxidant enzyme genes, causing oxidative stress. Moreover, climbazole increased transcription and protein levels of apoptosis-related genes. Finally, climbazole damaged mitochondrial function and structure, disrupted liver lipid metabolism. Overall, climbazole caused hepatotoxicity, leading to a high ecological risk for aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Lu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang-Zhou Gao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong-Dong Ma
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Si-Ying Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Long
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|