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Zink L, Mertens E, Zhou X, Johnston SE, Bogard M, Wiseman S, Pyle GG. Reframing microplastics as a ligand for metals reveals that water quality characteristics govern the association of cadmium to polyethylene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174659. [PMID: 39053540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental characteristics including water quality and sediment properties alter the hazard that metals pose to aquatic systems by governing the speciation and partitioning of metals between water, sediment, and biotic ligands; however, alternate ligands are being introduced into aquatic systems through anthropogenic activity. Microplastics are a ligand on which metals interact through adsorption to the plastic surface. It remains unknown what factors determine the amount of metal bound to microplastic. Using a combination of laboratory experiments and machine learning, we tested a suite of eighteen environmental parameters (inclusive of both water and sediment) to understand how they influence association of cadmium to a representative microplastic, polyethylene. From this, we developed and tested a predictive model that outlines the characteristics that favour the association of cadmium to microplastic. Alkalinity, humification index of dissolved organic matter, and pH (all of which are water quality characteristics) were the three factors determining the proportion of cadmium adsorbed to plastics. These results align with other predictive models, such as the Biotic Ligand Model in demonstrating the governance of metal behaviour by water quality characteristics. To assess the relationship of the amount of cadmium bound to microplastic and cadmium uptake, an exposure was completed in which fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were acclimated to environments representing each of the potential outcomes of the model. The uptake of cadmium was not significantly different between groups, indicating that the stress of alterations to water quality may be a confounding factor in determining the exposure risk of microplastics and cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Zink
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Emily Mertens
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xingzi Zhou
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Steve Wiseman
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Zhao N, Wang A, Xiao Y, Zhao D, Zhao C, Yin Z, Zhang W, Zhang W, Qiu R, Xing B. Fe Crystalline Phases in Fe/C Composites Modulated the Selective Adsorption of Pb(II) from Industrial Wastewater with Cd(II): An Electronic-Scale Perspective. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38972034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Fe oxide or Fe0-based materials display weak removal capacity for Pb(II), especially in the presence of Cd(II), and the electronic-scale mechanisms are not reported. In this study, Fe3C(220) modified black carbon (BC) [Fe3C(220)@BC] with high adsorption and selectivity for Pb(II) from industrial wastewater with Cd(II) was developed. The quantitative experiment suggested that Fe species accounted for 80.5-100 and 18.4-33.8% of Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal, respectively. Based on X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis, 57.3% of adsorbed Pb2+ was reduced to Pb0; however, 61.6% of Cd2+ existed on Fe3C@BC. Density functional theory simulation unraveled that Cd(II) adsorption was attributed to the cation-π interaction with BC, whereas that of Pb(II) was ascribed to the stronger interactions with different Fe phases following the order: Fe3C(220) > Fe0(110) > Fe3O4(311). Crystal orbital bond index and Hamilton population analyses were innovatively applied in the adsorption system and displayed a unique discovery: the stronger Pb(II) adsorption on Fe phases was mediated by a combination of covalent and ionic bonding, whereas ionic bonding was mainly accounted for Cd(II) adsorption. These findings open a new chapter in understanding the functions of different Fe phases in mediating the fate and transport of heavy metals in both natural and engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ye Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ziqin Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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3
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Yang L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Liu B, Chen H, You W, Huang B. Fractionation of metals in soil for strawberry cultivation: Effect on metal migration in food chain and application in risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118840. [PMID: 38570130 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Although trace metals in strawberry production system have attracted growing attention, little is known about metal fractionation in soil for strawberry cultivation. We hypothesized that the metal fractions in soil influenced by strawberry production had significant effect on food chain transport of metals and their risk in soil. Here, samples of strawberries and soil were gathered in the Yangtze River Delta, China to verify the hypothesis. Results showed that the acid-soluble Cr, Cd, and Ni in soil for strawberry cultivation were 21.5%-88.3% higher than those in open field soil, which enhanced uptake and bioaccessible levels of these metals in strawberries. Overall, the ecological, mobility, and health risks of Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cu in soil were at a low level. However, the ecological risk of bioavailable Cd, mobility risk of Cd, and cancer risk of bioavailable Cr in over 70% of the soil samples were at moderate, high, and acceptable levels, respectively. Since the increased acid-soluble Cr and Ni in soil were related to soil acidification induced by strawberry production, nitrogen fertilizer application should be optimized to prevent soil acidification and reduce transfer of Cr and Ni. Additionally, as Cd and organic matter accumulated in soil, the acid-soluble Cd and the ecological and mobility risks of Cd in soil were enhanced. To decrease transfer and risk of Cd in soil, organic fertilizer application should be optimized to mitigate Cd accumulation, alter organic matter composition, and subsequently promote the transformation of bioavailable Cd into residual Cd in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanqin Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China; School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunxi Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Wang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Benle Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua You
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Biao Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Li M, Ren D, Li Y. Spatial distribution of sediment dissolved organic matter in oligotrophic lakes and its binding characteristics with Pb(II) and Cu(II). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:43369-43380. [PMID: 38902445 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM), the most active component in interstitial waters, determines the stability of heavy metals and secondary release in sediments. However, little is known about the composition and metal-binding patterns of DOM in interstitial water from oligotrophic lakes affected by different anthropogenic perturbations. Here, 18 interstitial water samples were prepared from sediments in agricultural, residential, tourist, and forest regions in an oligotrophic lake (Shengzhong Lake in Sichuan Province, China) watershed. Interstitial water quality and DOM composition, properties, and Cu(II)- and Pb(II)-binding characteristics were measured via physicochemical analysis, UV-vis spectroscopic, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and fluorescence titration methods. The DOM, which was produced mainly by microbial activities, had low molecular weights, humification degrees, and aromaticity. Based on EEM-PARAFAC results, the DOM was generally composed of tryptophan- (57.7%), terrestrial humic- (18.7%), microbial humic- (15.6%), and tyrosine-like (8.0%) substances. The DOM in the metal complexes was primarily composed of tryptophan-like substances, which accounted for ~42.6% of the DOM-Cu(II) complexes and ~72.0% of the DOM-Pb(II) complexes; however, microbial humic-like substances primarily contributed to the stability of DOM-Cu(II) (logKCu = 3.7-4.6) and DOM-Pb(II) (logKPb = 4.3-4.8). Water quality parameters did not significantly affect the stability of DOM-metal complexes. We demonstrated that the metal-binding patterns of DOM in interstitial water from oligotrophic lakes are highly dependent on microbial DOM composition and are affected by anthropogenic perturbations to a lesser extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Dong Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
- Nanchong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Protection and Pollution Prevention in Jialing River Basin, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China.
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5
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Herath HMLPB, de Silva WRM, Dassanayake RS, Gunawardene YINS, Jayasingha JRP, Gayashan MK, Afonso LOB, de Silva KMN. Validation and calibration of a novel GEM biosensor for specific detection of Cd 2+, Zn 2+, and Pb 2. BMC Biotechnol 2023; 23:52. [PMID: 38066557 PMCID: PMC10709830 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-023-00820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we designed a novel genetic circuit sensitive to Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ by mimicking the CadA/CadR operon system mediated heavy metal homeostasis mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The regular DNA motifs on natural operon were reconfigured and coupled with the enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) reporter to develop a novel basic NOT type logic gate CadA/CadR-eGFP to respond metal ions mentioned above. A Genetically Engineered Microbial (GEM)-based biosensor (E.coli-BL21:pJET1.2-CadA/CadR-eGFP) was developed by cloning the chemically synthesised CadA/CadR-eGFP gene circuit into pJET1.2-plasmid and transforming into Escherichia coli (E. coli)-BL21 bacterial cells. RESULTS The GEM-based biosensor cells indicated the reporter gene expression in the presence of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ either singly or in combination. Further, the same biosensor cells calibrated for fluorescent intensity against heavy metal concentration generated linear graphs for Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ with the R2 values of 0.9809, 0.9761 and 0.9758, respectively as compared to non-specific metals, Fe3+ (0.0373), AsO43- (0.3825) and Ni2+ (0.8498) making our biosensor suitable for the detection of low concentration of the former metal ions in the range of 1-6 ppb. Furthermore, the GEM based biosensor cells were growing naturally within the concentration range of heavy metals, at 37 °C and optimum pH = 7.0 in the medium, resembling the characteristics of wildtype E.coli. CONCLUSION Finally, the novel GEM based biosensor cells developed in this study can be applied for detection of targeted heavy metals in low concentration ranges (1-6 ppb) at normal bacterial physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M L P B Herath
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - W R M de Silva
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - R S Dassanayake
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Y I N S Gunawardene
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - J R P Jayasingha
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - M K Gayashan
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - L O B Afonso
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - K M N de Silva
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka.
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6
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Touseef B, Yang X, Fan W, Liu S. Investigating spectroscopic and copper binding characteristics of dissolved organic matter in wastewater using EEMs with two-dimensional Savitzky-Golay second-order differentiation-PARAFAC. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85405-85414. [PMID: 37386222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wastewater interacts with heavy metal particles in aquatic environments, which changes their dynamics and bioavailability. For quantifying the DOM, an excitation-emission matrix (EEM) paired alongside parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) is typically employed. However, a drawback of PARAFAC has been revealed in recent studies, i.e., the rise of overlapping spectra or wavelength shifts in fluorescent components. Here, traditional EEM-PARAFAC and, for the first time, two-dimensional Savitzky-Golay second-order differential-PARAFAC (2D-SG-2nd-df-PARAFAC) were used to study the DOM-heavy metal binding. The samples from four treatment units of a wastewater treatment plant, i.e., influent, anaerobic, aerobic, and effluent, underwent the process of fluorescence titration with Cu2+. Four components were separated with dominant peaks in regions I, II, and III (proteins and fulvic acid-like) through PARAFAC and 2D-SG-2nd-df-PARAFAC. A single peak was observed in region V (humic acid-like) by PARAFAC. In addition, Cu2+-DOM complexation indicated clear differences in DOM compositions. The binding strength increased between Cu2+ and fulvic acid-like components in contrast to protein-like components from influent to the effluent, and increasing fluorescence intensity with the addition of Cu2+ in the effluent indicated changes in their structural composition. Moreover, when comparing both methods, the 2D-SG-2nd-df-PARAFAC provided the components without peak shifts and better fitting for Cu2+-DOM complexation model, demonstrating it to be a more reliable technique compared to only traditional PARAFAC for DOM characterization and quantifying metal-DOM in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Touseef
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China
| | - Wenhong Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China.
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7
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Pinheiro JP, Rotureau E. Electroanalytical Trace Metal Cations Quantification and Speciation in Freshwaters: Historical Overview, Critical Review of the Last Five Years and Road Map for Developing Dynamic Speciation Field Measurements. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062831. [PMID: 36985802 PMCID: PMC10056914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An historical overview covering the field of electroanalytical metal cations speciation in freshwaters is presented here, detailing both the notable experimental and theoretical developments. Then, a critical review of the progress in the last five years is given, underlining in particular the improvements in electrochemical setups and methodologies dedicated to field surveys. Given these recent achievements, a road map to carry out on-site dynamic metal speciation measurements is then proposed, and the key future developments are discussed. This review shows that electroanalytical stripping techniques provide a unique framework for quantitatively assessing metals at trace levels while offering access to both thermodynamic and dynamic features of metal complexation with natural colloidal and particulate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Paulo Pinheiro
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Elise Rotureau
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), F-54000 Nancy, France
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8
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Zink L, Pyle GG. A proposed reporting framework for microplastic-metal mixtures research, with emphasis on environmental considerations known to influence metals. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:273-280. [PMID: 36746841 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in research to understand the consequences of microplastic contamination. A subset of this research assesses the interaction of microplastics with metals and the subsequent effects of the resulting microplastic-metal complexes in freshwater environments. While our understanding of how microplastics behave in freshwater remains largely unknown, our knowledge of metal behavior in those same environments is well-established. The behavior (partitioning, speciation, bioavailability) of metals is highly dependent on environmental characteristics, including water quality variables such as hardness, pH, and dissolved organic matter. This study reveals that despite our understanding of metal behavior, there is little consideration for these influential factors in the current body of microplastic-metal research. Multiple instances highlighted throughout this study show that even when similar plastic, metal, and biota are utilized, there are conflicting observations as to whether the mixture is toxic; we stress that without adequate reporting of environmental conditions, these contradictions are likely to persist without explanation. Through justification of water quality characteristics known to influence metal behavior, this study proposes a framework of reporting requirements for all future microplastic-metal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Zink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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9
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Dee KT, Meyer JS, Smith KS, Ranville JF. Influence of Geochemical Fractionation of Fulvic Acid on its Spectral Characteristics and its Protection Against Copper Toxicity to Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:449-462. [PMID: 36484737 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved copper (Cu) can contribute to toxicity in aquatic systems impacted by acid mine drainage (AMD), and its bioavailability is influenced by aqueous complexation with organic ligands that predominantly include fulvic acids (FAs). Because the geochemical fractionation of FAs that accompanies sorption to hydrous aluminum oxides (HAOs) and hydrous iron oxides (HFOs) can alter Cu complexation with FA, we investigated FAs isolated from three categories of water (pristine, AMD, and in situ-fractionated mixtures of pristine and AMD collected at stream confluences) in three mining-impacted alpine watersheds in central Colorado, USA. We also conducted geochemical fractionation of field-collected FAs and Suwannee River FAs by precipitating HAOs and HFOs in the laboratory. Spectral properties of the FAs (e.g., UV-VIS absorbance) were altered by geochemical fractionation, and in acute toxicity tests with an aquatic invertebrate (Daphnia magna) Cu was more toxic in the presence of in situ- and laboratory-fractionated FAs (median effect concentration [EC50] 19-50 µg Cu L-1 ) than in the presence of nonfractionated FAs (EC50 48-146 µg Cu L-1 ). After adjusting for the strain-specific sensitivity of our D. magna, we improved the accuracy of Biotic Ligand Model predictions of Cu EC50 values for AMD-related FAs by using an "effective dissolved organic carbon" based on spectral properties that account for among-FA differences in protectiveness against Cu toxicity. However, some differences remained between predicted and measured EC50 values, especially for FAs from AMD-related waters that might contain important metal-binding moieties not accounted for by our measured spectral indices. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:449-462. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kato T Dee
- School of Geosciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Joseph S Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
- Applied Limnology Professionals, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Kathleen S Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - James F Ranville
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
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10
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Ye Q, Ding Y, Ding Z, Li R, Shi Z. Unified Modeling Approach for Quantifying the Proton and Metal Binding Ability of Soil Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:831-841. [PMID: 36574384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is composed of a mass of complex organic compounds in soil solutions and significantly affects a range of (bio)geochemical processes in soil environment. However, how the chemical complexity (i.e., heterogeneity and chemodiversity) of soil DOM molecules affects their proton and metal binding ability remains unclear, which limits our ability for predicting the environmental behavior of DOM and metals. In this study, we developed a unified modeling approach for quantifying the proton and metal binding ability of soil DOM based on Cu titration experiments, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry data, and molecular modeling method. Although soil DOM samples from different regions have enormously heterogeneous and diverse properties, we found that the molecules of soil DOM can be divided into three representative groups according to their Cu binding capacity. Based on the molecular models for individual molecular groups and the relative contributions of each group in each soil DOM, we were able to further develop molecular models for all soil DOM to predict their molecular properties and proton and metal binding ability. Our results will help to develop mechanistic models for predicting the reactivity of soil DOM from various sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Ye
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ding
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zecong Ding
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqing Shi
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, People's Republic of China
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11
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López-Solís L, Companys E, Puy J, Blindauer CA, Galceran J. Direct determination of free Zn concentration in samples of biological interest. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1229:340195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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12
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Milke KP, Mitchell KL, Hayes SM, Green CJ, Guerard JJ. Behavior of potentially toxic elements from stoker-boiler fly ash in Interior Alaska: paired batch leaching and solid-phase characterization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31059-31074. [PMID: 34686963 PMCID: PMC9054907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15583-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant investigation of fly ash spills and mineralogical controls on the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from fly ash, interactions with the surficial environment remain relatively poorly understood. We conducted 90-day batch leaching studies with paired analysis of supernatant and solid-phase mineralogy to assess the elemental release and transformation of fly ash upon reaction with aquatic media (18 MΩ cm-1 water and simulated rainwater). The fly ash in this study, collected from the University of Alaska Fairbanks stoker-boiler power plant, is high in unburned carbon (~20% LOI) and highly enriched in several PTEs relative to the upper continental crust. Supernatant concentrations of oxyanion-forming elements (e.g., As, Se, Mo, Sb) remained relatively low and constant, suggesting equilibrium with the solid phase, possibly ettringite [Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12•26H2O], which is known to incorporate and sorb oxyanion-forming PTEs and was identified by X-ray diffraction. Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) results failed to capture important temporal trends. Lead and Ba supernatant concentrations consistently exceeded drinking water standards, as well as others upon exposure to simulated physiological solutions. Seven-day experiments with dissolved organic matter-isolate solutions indicated that for certain elements, liberation was influenced by carbon concentration and/or the identity of the isolate. Overall, this paired approach can serve as a model for future studies, bridging existing gaps between batch leaching and single-element mineralogical, sorption, or speciation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle P Milke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
| | - Kiana L Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
| | - Sarah M Hayes
- Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, U. S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., MS 954, Room 4C200, Reston, VA, 20192, USA.
| | - Carlin J Green
- Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, U. S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., MS 954, Room 4C200, Reston, VA, 20192, USA
| | - Jennifer J Guerard
- Chemistry Department, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD, 21402, USA
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14
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Welikala D, Robinson BH, Moltchanova E, Hartland A, Lehto NJ. Soil cadmium mobilisation by dissolved organic matter from soil amendments. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129536. [PMID: 33445027 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) release from Cd contaminated soils been linked to mobilisation of the metal as Cd-DOM complexes and this may be exacerbated by organic matter-rich soil amendments. The quantity and quality of the DOM can determine the proportion of dissolved Cd that partitions to mobile complexes and their stability and, thus, the potential for Cd transport from contaminated soils. The aim of this work was to examine differences in Cd mobilisation from soils to which different types of soil amendments/conditioners have been applied and the importance of DOM characteristics in determining the extent to which this can happen. Three soils were spiked with Cd to 2 mg kg-1, allowed to equilibrate and then treated with compost and peat. These soils and an untreated subsample of each soil were then adjusted to three different pHs: 5.6, 6.4 and 7.4, using lime. The amount of Cd mobilised from each soil was tested using a column leaching experiment. Ultrafiltration and speciation modelling were used to determine amounts of Cd as DOM-complexed, "truly" dissolved (<5 kDa) and colloidal species, while DOM quality was assessed using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Most colloidal Cd was mobilised from the compost treated soils (50%-60%), followed by the peat treated soils (20-44%). The relationships between colloidal Cd, DOC concentration and soil pH, together with the spectroscopic and modelling results showed that structural properties of DOM are an important factor in mobilising Cd from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharshika Welikala
- Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Brett H Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Elena Moltchanova
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Adam Hartland
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Niklas J Lehto
- Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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15
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Full wave analysis of stripping chronopotentiometry at scanned deposition potential (SSCP): Obtaining binding curves in labile heterogeneous macromolecular systems for any metal-to-ligand ratio. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Tang Y, Zhao J, Zhou J, Zeng Y, Zhang W, Shi B. Highly efficient removal of Cr(III)-poly(acrylic acid) complex by coprecipitation with polyvalent metal ions: Performance, mechanism, and validation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 178:115807. [PMID: 32361347 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Cr(III)-organic complexes formed between Cr(III) and multifunctional group ligands, such as polyacrylate, are highly water soluble and difficult to be removed from wastewater by common treatments. A novel strategy for efficiently removing Cr(III)-poly (acrylic acid) complex (Cr(III)-PAA) from wastewater without introducing secondary pollution is proposed using a coprecipitation method with polyvalent metal ions. Al(III), Fe(III), Zr(IV), and Ti(IV) were combined with the carboxyl of Cr(III)-PAA to decrease hydrophilia and achieve fast and efficient coprecipitation. Cr(III)-PAA was efficiently removed from wastewater by using these polyvalent metal ions, especially at low pH, where the ions exist as monomer. The residual concentration of Cr(III) in treated wastewater under the optimized experimental condition was less than 1.0 mg/L. No Cr(VI) and negligible amount of polyvalent metal ions were detected in the treated wastewater, indicating that almost all of the ions coprecipitated with Cr(III)-PAA. No secondary pollution also occurred. The high reactivity between the polyvalent metal ions and Cr(III)-PAA and the sharp decrease in the hydrophilia of the complex contributed to its highly efficient removal from wastewater. Actual tannery wastewater containing Cr(III)-organic complexes with high solubility and stability was treated through coprecipitation with Al(III). A high Cr(III) removal efficiency of 99.0% was obtained. This work provides new insights into the removal of soluble Cr(III)-organic complexes from wastewater by using an environment-friendly and cost-effective method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Jieting Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Jianfei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Yunhang Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Bi Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China; Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
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17
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Chen B, Zhao M, Liu C, Feng M, Ma S, Liu R, Chen K. Comparison of copper binding properties of DOM derived from fresh and pyrolyzed biomaterials: Insights from multi-spectroscopic investigation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137827. [PMID: 32172128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The binding of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with metals affects the latter's biogeochemical processing in the environment. This study used multi-spectroscopic analyses to compare the heterogeneities of the Cu(II) binding properties of DOM derived from fresh and pyrolyzed biomaterials. The results showed that the DOM derived from fresh macrophyte (MDOM) and their corresponding biochar (BDOM) consisted mostly of protein-like and humic-like substances, respectively. The stability constant (log KM) of protein-like matter in the MDOM was 5.27, and the values of humic-like components in the BDOM were 4.32-5.15. Compared with the MDOM, the BDOM exhibited lower affinities and active binding sites for Cu(II). In addition, the BDOM contents decreased after pyrolysis. Therefore, the pyrolysis of fresh biomaterials into biochar is a promising method for reducing the potential migration risk posed by Cu(II) due to the MDOM being a positive carrier for Cu(II) contamination. Polysaccharide was the only functional group that participated in the binding of Cu(II) in both MDOM and BDOM. Aliphatic groups and amides associated with protein-like matter were responsible for the Cu(II) binding to MDOM, whereas phenolic and aromatic groups mainly participated in the complexation of BDOM-Cu(II). The CO group of amide I in the MDOM, and polysaccharide in the BDOM, showed the fastest response to Cu(II). This study was helpful for elucidating the effects of fresh and pyrolyzed biomaterials (biochars) on the environmental behavior of Cu(II) at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfa Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Muhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shuzhan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Kaining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Huang M, Li Z, Chen M, Wen J, Xu W, Ding X, Yang R, Luo N, Xing W. In situ investigation of intrinsic relationship between protonation behavior and HA characteristics in sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:258-266. [PMID: 31132705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Proton-binding study of humic acid (HA) is critical for describing and modeling the binding mechanism of HA with heavy metals. However, little is known about the intrinsic relationship between protonation behavior and HA characteristics, especially in sediments. In this study, HA was extracted from sediments and combination of spectrographic titration with parallel factor analysis, Gaussian fitting model and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis was developed as a novel in-situ tool. Results indicated that the intensity changes of fluorophores of sediment HA might be dependent on the structure characteristics (fused or non-fused ring) of phenolic species in the protonation process. Compared with phenolic groups (A1, 5.27 ± 0.05 eV; A3, 3.91 ± 0.02 eV), the carboxyl groups (A2, 4.65 ± 0.03 eV) exhibited greater contribution in the response of chromophores to the protonation process of sediment HA. Furthermore, proton binding to sediment HA first occurred in carboxyl groups and then in phenolic groups. The combined technique is a promising approach for the examination of the binding sites, binding capacities, and binding order in proton-HA binding process under environmental concentrations. Importantly, this method is a sensitive, effective and non-destructive technique without any need pre-concentrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiajun Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Weihua Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiang Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ren Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ninglin Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wenle Xing
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Yang L, Cheng Q, Zhuang WE, Wang H, Chen W. Seasonal changes in the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter at the land-ocean interface of a subtropical river. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24595-24608. [PMID: 31236861 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a critical component in aquatic ecosystems, yet its seasonal variability and reactivity remain not well constrained. These were investigated at the land-ocean interface of a subtropical river (Minjiang River, SE China), using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The annual export flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the Minjiang River (5.48 × 1010 g year-1) was highest among the rivers adjacent to the Taiwan Strait, with 72% occurring in spring and summer. The freshwater absorption coefficient a280, DOC-specific UV absorbance SUVA254 and humification index HIX were higher, while the spectral slope S275-295 and biological index BIX were lower in summer than in winter. This suggests intensified export of terrestrial aromatic and high molecular weight constituents in the rainy summer season. Six fluorescent components were identified from 428 samples, including humic-like C1-C3, tryptophan-like C4 and C6, and tyrosine-like C5. The freshwater levels of four components (C1, C2, C4, and C6) were lower while that of C5 was higher in the wet season than in the dry season, suggesting contrasting seasonal variations of different constituents. Laboratory experiments were performed to assess the effects of photochemical and microbial degradation on DOM. Photo-degradation removed chromophoric and fluorescent DOM (CDOM and FDOM) effectively, which was stronger (i) for high molecular weight/humic constituents and (ii) during summer under higher solar radiation. Microbial degradation under laboratory controlled conditions generally showed little effect on DOC, and had smaller impact on CDOM and FDOM in winter than in summer. Overall, this study showed notable seasonal changes in the chemical composition and reactivity of DOM at the land-ocean interface, and demonstrated the significant effects of photo-degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Yang
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiong Cheng
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-E Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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20
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Macoustra G, Holland A, Stauber J, Jolley DF. Effect of Various Natural Dissolved Organic Carbon on Copper Lability and Toxicity to the Tropical Freshwater Microalga Chlorella sp. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:2768-2777. [PMID: 30695643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study adds further critical information to the limited body of knowledge on the ameliorative ability of Australian dissolved organic carbon (DOC), reinforcing the importance of DOC source and concentration as significant factors controlling the risk copper poses to organisms in freshwater systems. The ameliorative ability of five unstudied DOCs on the chronic toxicity of copper to the tropical alga Chlorella sp. was compared. Sensitivity to copper varied dramatically; effect concentrations at the 50 percent effect level (EC50) increased by up to 22-fold in the high DOC treatment compared to controls and more than 2-fold between DOCs at the same concentration. The analytical techniques, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and Chelex column, were used to understand whether differences in copper toxicity could be explained by copper lability. Labile copper mirrored the trends seen in the toxicity tests; lability decreased with increasing DOC concentration and varied between DOCs at the same concentration. The equilibrium model, WHAM VII, was also used to better understand the role of the free copper ion on the toxicity observed. Disagreement between EC50 values derived using the WHAM-predicted free Cu2+ concentrations and agreement between DGT-labile and the maximum dynamic concentration ( cmaxdyn) suggest free copper is not the sole contributor to toxicity and that the source of the specific DOCs also plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Macoustra
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
| | - Aleicia Holland
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
- School of Life Science, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre , La Trobe University , Albury/Wodonga Campus, West Wodonga , Victoria 3690 , Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water , Lucas Heights , New South Wales 2234 , Australia
| | - Jenny Stauber
- CSIRO Land and Water , Lucas Heights , New South Wales 2234 , Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
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