1
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Lou QM, Lai FF, Li JW, Mao KJ, Wan HT, He Y. Mechanisms of cuproptosis and its relevance to distinct diseases. Apoptosis 2024; 29:981-1006. [PMID: 38824478 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Copper is a trace element required by the organism, but once the level of copper exceeds the threshold, it becomes toxic and even causes death. The underlying mechanisms of copper-induced death are inconclusive, with different studies showing different opinions on the mechanism of copper-induced death. Multiple investigations have shown that copper induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, nucleolar stress, and proteasome inhibition, all of which can result in cell death. The latest research elucidates a copper-dependent death and denominates it as cuproptosis. Cuproptosis takes place through the combination of copper and lipoylated proteins of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, triggering agglomeration of lipoylated proteins and loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins, leading to proteotoxic stress and ultimately death. Given the toxicity and necessity of copper, abnormal levels of copper lead to diseases such as neurological diseases and cancer. The development of cancer has a high demand for copper, neurological diseases involve the change of copper contents and the binding of copper to proteins. There is a close relationship between these two kinds of diseases and copper. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of copper-related death, and the association between copper and diseases, to better figure out the influence of copper in cell death and diseases, thus advancing the clinical remedy of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Mei Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Fei-Fan Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jing-Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Kun-Jun Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hai-Tong Wan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Bacchella C, Guerriere TB, Monzani E, Dell'Acqua S. Cysteine in the R3 Tau Peptide Modulates Hemin Binding and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11986-12002. [PMID: 38897979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tau is a neuronal protein involved in axonal stabilization; however under pathological conditions, it triggers the deposition of insoluble neurofibrillary tangles, which are one of the biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. The factors that might influence the fibrillation process are i) two cysteine residues in two pseudorepetitive regions, called R2 and R3, which can modulate protein-protein interaction via disulfide cross-linking; ii) an increase of reactive oxygen species affecting the post-translational modification of tau; and iii) cytotoxic levels of metals, especially ferric-heme (hemin), in hemolytic processes. Herein, we investigated how the cysteine-containing R3 peptide (R3C) and its Cys→Ala mutant (R3A) interact with hemin and how their binding affects the oxidative damage of the protein. The calculated binding constants are remarkably higher for the hemin-R3C complex (LogK1 = 5.90; LogK2 = 5.80) with respect to R3A (LogK1 = 4.44; LogK2 < 2), although NMR and CD investigations excluded the direct binding of cysteine as an iron axial ligand. Both peptides increase the peroxidase-like activity of hemin toward catecholamines and phenols, with a double catalytic efficiency detected for hemin-R3C systems. Moreover, the presence of cysteine significantly alters the susceptibility of R3 toward oxidative modifications, easily resulting in peptide dopamination and formation of cross-linked S-S derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Teresa Benedetta Guerriere
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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Kastal Z, Balabán A, Vida S, Kállay C, Nagy L, Várnagy K, Sóvágó I. Copper(II), Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes of Peptide Fragments of Tau Protein. Molecules 2024; 29:2171. [PMID: 38792033 PMCID: PMC11123990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes of various peptide fragments of tau protein were studied by potentiometric and spectroscopic techniques. All peptides contained one histidyl residue and represented the sequences of tau(91-97) (Ac-AQPHTEI-NH2), tau(385-390) (Ac-KTDHGA-NH2) and tau(404-409) (Ac-SPRHLS-NH2). Imidazole-N donors of histidine were the primary metal binding sites for all peptides and all metal ions, but in the case of copper(II) and nickel(II), the deprotonated amide groups were also involved in metal binding by increasing pH. The most stable complexes were formed with copper(II) ions, but the presence of prolyl residues resulted in significant changes in the thermodynamic stability and speciation of the systems. It was also demonstrated that nickel(II) and especially zinc(II) complexes have relatively low thermodynamic stability with these peptides. The copper(II)-catalyzed oxidation of the peptides was also studied. In the presence of H2O2, the fragmentation of peptides was detected in all cases. In the simultaneous presence of H2O2 and ascorbic acid, the fragmentation of the peptide is less preferred, and the formation of 2-oxo-histidine also occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Kastal
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Adrienn Balabán
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Szilvia Vida
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Csilla Kállay
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Lajos Nagy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Katalin Várnagy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Imre Sóvágó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
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Vicente-Zurdo D, Rosales-Conrado N, León-González ME. Unravelling the in vitro and in vivo potential of selenium nanoparticles in Alzheimer's disease: A bioanalytical review. Talanta 2024; 269:125519. [PMID: 38086100 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain. Current therapies have limited efficacy, prompting the search for novel treatments. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as promising candidates for AD therapy due to their unique physicochemical properties and potential therapeutic effects. This review provides an overview of SeNPs and their potential application in AD treatment, as well as the main bioanalytical techniques applied in this field. SeNPs possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them potential candidates to combat the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation associated with AD. Moreover, SeNPs have shown the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allowing them to target brain regions affected by AD pathology. Various methods for synthesizing SeNPs are explored, including chemical, physical and biological synthesis approaches. Based on the employment of algae, yeast, fungi, and plants, green methods offer a promising and biocompatible alternative for SeNPs production. In vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of SeNPs in reducing beta-amyloid aggregation and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation, providing evidence of their neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells. In vivo studies using transgenic mouse models and AD-induced symptoms have shown promising results, with SeNPs treatment leading to cognitive improvements and reduced amyloid plaque burden in the hippocampus. Looking ahead, future trends in SeNPs research involve developing innovative brain delivery strategies to enhance their therapeutic potential, exploring alternative animal models to complement traditional mouse studies, and investigating multi-targeted SeNPs formulations to address multiple aspects of AD pathology. Overall, SeNPs represent a promising avenue for AD treatment, and further research in this field may pave the way for effective and much-needed therapeutic interventions for individuals affected by this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vicente-Zurdo
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Noelia Rosales-Conrado
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Eugenia León-González
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Rola A, Gumienna-Kontecka E, Potocki S. Exploring binding preferences: Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) complexes of mycobacterial GroEL1 His-rich and Glu/His-rich domains. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4054-4066. [PMID: 38305693 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03579d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterial histidine-rich GroEL1 protein significantly differs from the well-known methionine-glycine-rich GroEL chaperonin and most preferably participates in Cu(II) homeostasis. Some GroEL1 proteins, however, do not possess six but only three histidine residues and more acidic residues that can function as binding sites for metal ions. To evaluate the importance of this difference, we examined and compared the properties of GroEL1 His-rich or Glu/His-rich C-terminal domains as ligands for Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) ions. We studied the stoichiometry, stability, and binding sites of Cu(II)/Ni(II)/Zn(II) complexes of two model peptides: XEN = Ac-DKPEEEEDGHGHAH (M. xenopi) and ABS = Ac-DKPAEEADHGHGHHGHAH (M. abscessus) in the pH range 2-11. In the case of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) complexes of XEN and ABS, ABS always formed more stable complexes. For XEN, there seemed to be no preference for Ni(II) or Zn(II) ions. In contrast, for ABS, Zn(II) formed a complex that was slightly more stable than the one formed by Ni(II). This may be due to the 6 His residues, which preferentially interact with Zn(II) rather than Ni(II). The study identified that an equilibrium of complexes-known as polymorphism-may occur in ABS complexes. Therefore, distinct sets of histidine residues may be involved in metal binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rola
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | - Sławomir Potocki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Scolari Grotto F, Glaser V. Are high copper levels related to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between 2011 and 2022. Biometals 2024; 37:3-22. [PMID: 37594582 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Copper performs an important role in the brain, but in high levels it can be neurotoxic. Further, some authors have described that copper dyshomeostasis could be related with neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, this review was performed to observe whether high copper levels are related to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases (AD and PD), using the literature published recently. Articles that measured copper levels in AD or PD patients was included, as well as they that measured copper levels in models used to mimic these diseases. Also, results about high copper levels effects and its relationship with AD and PD observed in laboratory animals are considered. In summary, 38 and 24 articles with AD and PD patients were included, respectively. Despite of the heterogeneity between the studies in humans, meta-analysis has demonstrated that there is an increase in free and total copper levels in the blood of AD patients compared to controls, and a decrease in copper levels in PD patients. A decrease in the metal content in postmortem brain tissue was observed in AD and PD. In manuscripts using animal models that mimic AD and PD, it was included seven and three articles, respectively. Two of them have reported an increase in copper concentrations in AD model, and one in PD model. Finally, studies with laboratory animals have concluded that high copper levels are related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in neurotransmitter levels, cell death, and reduced both cognitive and locomotor activity, which are also described in AD or PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabielly Scolari Grotto
- Cell Biology Lab, Biological and Agronomic Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi, Km3, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Viviane Glaser
- Cell Biology Lab, Biological and Agronomic Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi, Km3, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil.
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Elseweidy MM, Mahrous M, Ali SI, Shaheen MA, Younis NN. Pentoxifylline as Add-On Treatment to Donepezil in Copper Sulphate-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Neurodegeneration in Rats. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:546-558. [PMID: 37821782 PMCID: PMC10682165 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by behavioral, cognitive, and progressive memory impairments. Extensive neuronal loss, extracellular accumulation of insoluble senile amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the major pathological features. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of donepezil (DON) and pentoxifylline (PTX) in combination to combat the neurodegenerative disorders (experimental AD) induced by CuSO4 intake in experimental rats. Thirty adult male Wistar rats (140-160 g) were used in this study. AD was first induced in rats by CuSO4 supplement to drinking water (10 mg/L) for 14 weeks. The AD group received no further treatment. Oral treatment with DON (10 mg/kg/day), PTX (100 mg/kg/day), or DON + PTX for the other three groups was started from the 10th week of CuSO4 intake for 4 weeks. Cortex markers like acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and hippocampus markers like β-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), phosphorylated Tau (p-tau), Clusterin (CLU), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-9 (CAS-9), Bax, and Bcl-2 were measured. The histopathology studies were done by using hematoxylin and eosin and Congo red stains as well as immunohistochemistry for neurofilament. CuSO4 induced adverse histological and biochemical changes. The histological injury in the hippocampus was inhibited following the administration of the DON and PTX. The brain tissue levels of AChE, MDA, BACE1, p-tau, CLU, CAS-9, Bax, and TNF-α were significantly increased, while brain tissue levels of ACh, TAC, and Bcl-2 were significantly decreased in CuSO4-treated rats as compared with the untreated control group. The effects induced by either DON or PTX on most studied parameters were comparable. Combined treatment of DON and PTX induced remarkable results compared with their individual use. However, more clinical and preclinical studies are still required to further confirm and prove the long-term efficacy of such combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elseweidy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Mahrous
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Sousou I Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Billings JL, Hilton JBW, Liddell JR, Hare DJ, Crouch PJ. Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: Copper availability as a potential therapeutic target in progressive supranuclear palsy: Insight from other neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 2023; 167:337-346. [PMID: 37800457 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the first description of Parkinson's disease (PD) over two centuries ago, the recognition of rare types of atypical parkinsonism has introduced a spectrum of related PD-like diseases. Among these is progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), a neurodegenerative condition that clinically differentiates through the presence of additional symptoms uncommon in PD. As with PD, the initial symptoms of PSP generally present in the sixth decade of life when the underpinning neurodegeneration is already significantly advanced. The causal trigger of neuronal cell loss in PSP is unknown and treatment options are consequently limited. However, converging lines of evidence from the distinct neurodegenerative conditions of PD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are beginning to provide insights into potential commonalities in PSP pathology and opportunity for novel therapeutic intervention. These include accumulation of the high abundance cuproenzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in an aberrant copper-deficient state, associated evidence for altered availability of the essential micronutrient copper, and evidence for neuroprotection using compounds that can deliver available copper to the central nervous system. Herein, we discuss the existing evidence for SOD1 pathology and copper imbalance in PSP and speculate that treatments able to provide neuroprotection through manipulation of copper availability could be applicable to the treatment of PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Billings
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James B W Hilton
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Liddell
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter J Crouch
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Han J. Copper trafficking systems in cells: insights into coordination chemistry and toxicity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15277-15296. [PMID: 37702384 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal ions, such as copper, are indispensable components in the biological system. Copper ions which primarily exist in two major oxidation states Cu(I) and Cu(II) play crucial roles in various cellular processes including antioxidant defense, biosynthesis of neurotransmitters, and energy metabolism, owing to their inherent redox activity. The disturbance in copper homeostasis can contribute to the development of copper metabolism disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the significance of understanding the copper trafficking system in cellular environments. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of copper homeostatic machinery, with an emphasis on the coordination chemistry of copper transporters and trafficking proteins. While copper chaperones and the corresponding metalloenzymes are thoroughly discussed, we also explore the potential existence of low-molecular-mass metal complexes within cellular systems. Furthermore, we summarize the toxicity mechanisms originating from copper deficiency or accumulation, which include the dysregulation of oxidative stress, signaling pathways, signal transduction, and amyloidosis. This perspective review delves into the current knowledge regarding the intricate aspects of the copper trafficking system, providing valuable insights into potential treatment strategies from the standpoint of bioinorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Minckley TF, Salvagio LA, Fudge DH, Verhey K, Markus SM, Qin Y. Zn2+ decoration of microtubules arrests axonal transport and displaces tau, doublecortin, and MAP2C. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202208121. [PMID: 37326602 PMCID: PMC10276529 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Zn2+ concentrations increase via depolarization-mediated influx or intracellular release, but the immediate effects of Zn2+ signals on neuron function are not fully understood. By simultaneous recording of cytosolic Zn2+ and organelle motility, we find that elevated Zn2+ (IC50 ≈ 5-10 nM) reduces both lysosomal and mitochondrial motility in primary rat hippocampal neurons and HeLa cells. Using live-cell confocal microscopy and in vitro single-molecule TIRF imaging, we reveal that Zn2+ inhibits activity of motor proteins (kinesin and dynein) without disrupting their microtubule binding. Instead, Zn2+ directly binds to microtubules and selectively promotes detachment of tau, DCX, and MAP2C, but not MAP1B, MAP4, MAP7, MAP9, or p150glued. Bioinformatic predictions and structural modeling show that the Zn2+ binding sites on microtubules partially overlap with the microtubule binding sites of tau, DCX, dynein, and kinesin. Our results reveal that intraneuronal Zn2+ regulates axonal transport and microtubule-based processes by interacting with microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor F. Minckley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Dylan H. Fudge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kristen Verhey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steven M. Markus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Kola A, Nencioni F, Valensin D. Bioinorganic Chemistry of Micronutrients Related to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:5467. [PMID: 37513339 PMCID: PMC10385134 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are fundamental to guarantee the regular physiological activity of the human organism. Similarly, vitamins play a key role in many biological functions of the metabolism, among which are coenzymes, redox mediators, and antioxidants. Due to their importance in the human organism, both metals and vitamins have been extensively studied for their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the full potential of the interaction between vitamins and metal ions has not been fully explored by researchers yet, and further investigation on this topic is needed. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the scientific literature on the implications of vitamins and selected metal ions in two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, vitamin-metal ion interactions are discussed in detail focusing on their bioinorganic chemistry, with the perspective of arousing more interest in this fascinating bioinorganic field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Valensin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.K.); (F.N.)
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Bellotti D, Leveraro S, Remelli M. Metal-protein solution interactions investigated using model systems: Thermodynamic and spectroscopic methods. Methods Enzymol 2023; 687:279-341. [PMID: 37666636 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The first-row D-block metal ions are essential for the physiology of living organisms, functioning as cofactors in metalloproteins or structural components for enzymes: almost half of all proteins require metals to perform the biological function. Understanding metal-protein interactions is crucial to unravel the mysteries behind molecular biology, understanding the effects of metal imbalance and toxicity or the diseases due to disorders in metal homeostasis. Metal-protein interactions are dynamic: they are noncovalent and affected by the environment to which the system is exposed. To reach a complete comprehension of the system, different conditions must be considered for the experimental investigation, in order to get information on the species distribution, the ligand coordination modes, complex stoichiometry and geometry. Thinking about the whole environment where a protein acts, investigations are often challenging, and simplifications are required to study in detail the mechanisms of metal interaction. This chapter is intended to help researchers addressing the problem of the complexity of metal-protein interactions, with particular emphasis on the use of peptides as model systems for the metal coordination site. The thermodynamic and spectroscopic methods most widely employed to investigate the interaction between metal ions and peptides in solution are here covered. These include solid-phase peptide synthesis, potentiometric titrations, calorimetry, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Additional experimental methods, which can be employed to study metal complexes with peptides, are also briefly mentioned. A case-study is finally reported providing a practical example of the investigation of metal-protein interaction by means of thermodynamic and spectroscopic methods applied to peptide model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Bellotti
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Silvia Leveraro
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Remelli
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy.
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De Caro S, De Soricellis G, Dell'Acqua S, Monzani E, Nicolis S. Biological Oxidations and Nitrations Promoted by the Hemin-Aβ 16 Complex. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1319. [PMID: 37507859 PMCID: PMC10376006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Both β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and oxidative stress conditions play key roles in Alzheimer's disease. Hemin contributes to the development of the disease as it possesses redox properties and its level increases in pathological conditions or traumatic brain injuries. The aim of this work was to deepen the investigation of the reactivity of the hemin-Aβ16 complex, considering its ability to catalyze oxidation and nitration reactions. We performed kinetic studies in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite with phenolic and catechol substrates, as well as mass spectrometry studies to investigate the modifications occurring on the peptide itself. The kinetic constants were similar for oxidation and nitration reactions, and their values suggest that the hemin-Aβ16 complex binds negatively charged substrates with higher affinity. Mass spectrometry studies showed that tyrosine residue is the endogenous target of nitration. Hemin degradation analysis showed that hemin bleaching is only partly prevented by the coordinated peptide. In conclusion, hemin has rich reactivity, both in oxidation and nitration reactions on aromatic substrates, that could contribute to redox equilibrium in neurons. This reactivity is modulated by the coordination of the Aβ16 peptide and is only partly quenched when oxidative and nitrative conditions lead to hemin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia De Caro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IUSS School for Advanced Studies of Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia De Soricellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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14
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Suh JM, Kim M, Yoo J, Han J, Paulina C, Lim MH. Intercommunication between metal ions and amyloidogenic peptides or proteins in protein misfolding disorders. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Copper Binding and Redox Activity of α-Synuclein in Membrane-Like Environment. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020287. [PMID: 36830656 PMCID: PMC9953312 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) constitutes the main protein component of Lewy bodies, which are the pathologic hallmark in Parkinson's disease. αSyn is unstructured in solution but the interaction of αSyn with lipid membrane modulates its conformation by inducing an α-helical structure of the N-terminal region. In addition, the interaction with metal ions can trigger αSyn conformation upon binding and/or through the metal-promoted generation of reactive oxygen species which lead to a cascade of structural alterations. For these reasons, the ternary interaction between αSyn, copper, and membranes needs to be elucidated in detail. Here, we investigated the structural properties of copper-αSyn binding through NMR, EPR, and XAS analyses, with particular emphasis on copper(I) coordination since the reduced state is particularly relevant for oxygen activation chemistry. The analysis was performed in different membrane model systems, such as micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and unilamellar vesicles, comparing the binding of full-length αSyn and N-terminal peptide fragments. The presence of membrane-like environments induced the formation of a copper:αSyn = 1:2 complex where Cu+ was bound to the Met1 and Met5 residues of two helical peptide chains. In this coordination, Cu+ is stabilized and is unreactive in the presence of O2 in catechol substrate oxidation.
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Chen LL, Fan YG, Zhao LX, Zhang Q, Wang ZY. The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106301. [PMID: 36455485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, is the most common dementia with uncertain etiology. The clinical trials of Aβ monoclonal antibody drugs have almost failed, giving rise to great attention on the other etiologic hypothesis regarding AD such as metal ions dysmetabolism and chronic neuroinflammation. Mounting evidence revealed that the metal ions (iron, copper, and zinc) were dysregulated in the susceptible brain regions of AD patients, which was highly associated with Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss, as well as neuroinflammation. Further studies uncovered that iron, copper and zinc could not only enhance the production of Aβ but also directly bind to Aβ and tau to promote their aggregations. In addition, the accumulation of iron and copper could respectively promote ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Therefore, the metal ion chelators were recognized as promising agents for treating AD. This review comprehensively summarized the effects of metal ions on the Aβ dynamics and tau phosphorylation in the progression of AD. Furthermore, taking chronic neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of AD, we also provided a summary of the mechanisms concerning metal ions on neuroinflammation and highlighted the metal ion chelators may be potential agents to alleviate neuroinflammation under the condition of AD. Nevertheless, more investigations regarding metal ions on neuroinflammation should be taken into practice, and the effects of metal ion chelators on neuroinflammation should gain more attention. Running title: Metal chelators against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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17
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Sahayaraj AE, Viswanathan R, Pinhero F, Abdul Vahid A, Vijayan V. Sequence-Dependent Conformational Properties of PGGG Motif in Tau Repeats: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Narrow Pick Filament. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:136-147. [PMID: 36512636 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases correlated with the presence of pathological Tau fibrils as a diagnostic marker. The microtubule-binding repeat region of Tau protein, which includes R1, R2, R3, and R4 repeats, constitutes the core of these fibrils. Each repeat consists of a semiconserved C-terminal hexapeptide flanked by KxGS and PGGG motifs. Previous studies have shown the influence of these peptides on protein aggregation, yet their repeat-specific properties are less explored. Using molecular dynamics, we probed the sequence-specific influence of the C-terminal hexapeptide (264ENLKHQ269) in determining the compact local conformation of the R1 repeat of the narrow Pick filament (NPF) with a homologous E264G mutation. In addition to that, we also studied the influence of 262S phosphorylation on this conformation as the phosphorylation is proposed to alleviate the pathogenesis of Pick's disease. Interestingly, we determined that E264G mutation induces a conformational shift of 270PGGG273 from a turn to a random coil. This conformational dependence is experimentally verified with the R1R3-E264G mutant construct, which displayed accelerated aggregation compared with the R1R3 wild-type construct. A significant delay in aggregation of the R1R3-G326E mutant further demonstrates the importance of 326G in determining the conformation of the R3 repeat. Thus, we conclude that the conformational properties of the PGGG motif in Tau repeats are strongly dependent on the repeat-specific sequence of the C-terminal hexapeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allwin Ebenezer Sahayaraj
- School of Chemistry, IISER-Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Renjith Viswanathan
- School of Chemistry, IISER-Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Faina Pinhero
- School of Chemistry, IISER-Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Arshad Abdul Vahid
- School of Chemistry, IISER-Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Vinesh Vijayan
- School of Chemistry, IISER-Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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18
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Bacchella C, Dell'Acqua S, Nicolis S, Monzani E, Casella L. The reactivity of copper complexes with neuronal peptides promoted by catecholamines and its impact on neurodegeneration. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Bacchella C, Gentili S, Mozzi SI, Monzani E, Casella L, Tegoni M, Dell’Acqua S. Role of the Cysteine in R3 Tau Peptide in Copper Binding and Reactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810726. [PMID: 36142637 PMCID: PMC9503722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a widespread neuroprotein that regulates the cytoskeleton assembly. In some neurological disorders, known as tauopathies, tau is dissociated from the microtubule and forms insoluble neurofibrillary tangles. Tau comprises four pseudorepeats (R1-R4), containing one (R1, R2, R4) or two (R3) histidines, that potentially act as metal binding sites. Moreover, Cys291 and Cys322 in R2 and R3, respectively, might have an important role in protein aggregation, through possible disulfide bond formation, and/or affecting the binding and reactivity of redox-active metal ions, as copper. We, therefore, compare the interaction of copper with octadeca-R3-peptide (R3C) and with the mutant containing an alanine residue (R3A) to assess the role of thiol group. Spectrophotometric titrations allow to calculate the formation constant of the copper(I) complexes, showing a remarkable stronger interaction in the case of R3C (l log Kf = 13.4 and 10.5 for copper(I)-R3C and copper(I)-R3A, respectively). We also evaluate the oxidative reactivity associated to these copper complexes in the presence of dopamine and ascorbate. Both R3A and R3C peptides increase the capability of copper to oxidize catechols, but copper-R3C displays a peculiar mechanism due to the presence of cysteine. HPLC-MS analysis shows that cysteine can form disulfide bonds and dopamine-Cys covalent adducts, with potential implication in tau aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Gentili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Ida Mozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Dell’Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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20
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Aβ and Tau Interact with Metal Ions, Lipid Membranes and Peptide-Based Amyloid Inhibitors: Are These Common Features Relevant in Alzheimer’s Disease? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165066. [PMID: 36014310 PMCID: PMC9414153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, the amyloid hypothesis, i.e., the abnormal accumulation of toxic Aβ assemblies in the brain, has been considered the mainstream concept sustaining research in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, the course of cognitive decline and AD development better correlates with tau accumulation rather than amyloid peptide deposition. Moreover, all clinical trials of amyloid-targeting drug candidates have been unsuccessful, implicitly suggesting that the amyloid hypothesis needs significant amendments. Accumulating evidence supports the existence of a series of potentially dangerous relationships between Aβ oligomeric species and tau protein in AD. However, the molecular determinants underlying pathogenic Aβ/tau cross interactions are not fully understood. Here, we discuss the common features of Aβ and tau molecules, with special emphasis on: (i) the critical role played by metal dyshomeostasis in promoting both Aβ and tau aggregation and oxidative stress, in AD; (ii) the effects of lipid membranes on Aβ and tau (co)-aggregation at the membrane interface; (iii) the potential of small peptide-based inhibitors of Aβ and tau misfolding as therapeutic tools in AD. Although the molecular mechanism underlying the direct Aβ/tau interaction remains largely unknown, the arguments discussed in this review may help reinforcing the current view of a synergistic Aβ/tau molecular crosstalk in AD and stimulate further research to mechanism elucidation and next-generation AD therapeutics.
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21
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Liu F, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Meng R, Gao J, Jin M, Li M, Wang X. Effect of metal ions on Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2527. [PMID: 35212185 PMCID: PMC8933773 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. The typical pathological changes of AD are Aβ deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, neuron loss, and chronic inflammation. The balance of metal ions is essential for numerous physiological functions, especially in the central nervous system. More studies showed that metal ions participate in the development of AD. However, the involvement of metal ions in AD is controversial. Thus, we reviewed articles about the relationship between metal ions and AD and discussed some contradictory reports in order to better understand the role of metal ions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ruo‐Ni Meng
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jia Gao
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryThird Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xiao‐Peng Wang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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22
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Balogh BD, Szunyog G, Lukács M, Szakács B, Sóvágó I, Várnagy K. Thermodynamics and structural characterization of the nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes of various peptide fragments of tau protein. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14411-14420. [PMID: 34569575 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes of various peptide fragments of tau protein have been investigated by potentiometric, UV-Vis, CD and ESI-MS techniques. The peptides include the native fragment tau(9-16) (Ac-EVMEDHAG-NH2), and the Gln/Lys and Tyr/Ala mutated peptides (Ac-KGGYTMHK-NH2 and Ac-KGGATMHK-NH2) of tau(26-33). Similar to copper(II) the complexes of a chimeric peptide containing both His14 and His32 residues in one molecule (Ac-EDHAGTMHQD-NH2) were also studied. The metal binding ability of the R3 domain was studied by using the native fragment tau(326-333) (Ac-GNIHHKPG-NH2), and its two mutants (Ac-GNIHHKAG-NH2) and (Ac-GNGHHKPG-NH2) and the corresponding 1-histidine mutants (Ac-GNGAHKPG-NH2 and Ac-GNGHAKPG-NH2). The results of this study reveal that the histidyl residues of the N-terminal and R3 regions of tau protein can effectively bind nickel(II) and zinc(II) ions. In the case of nickel(II) and zinc(II) the M-Nim coordinated complexes are the major species in the physiological pH range and their stability is significantly enhanced by the presence of Glu and Asp residues in the neighbourhood of the His14 site. For all studied peptides, nickel(II) ions are able to promote the deprotonation and coordination of amide groups preceding histidine resulting in the exclusive formation of square planar (Nim,3N-) complexes in alkaline solutions. The native fragment of the R3 region and its mutants containing two adjacent histidine moieties also bind only one nickel(II) ion with the His330 residue being the primary metal binding site. Exclusive binding of the independent imidazole side chains (His14 and His32 sites) cannot prevent the hydrolysis of zinc(II) in a slightly basic solution but the adjacent histidines of the R3 domain can promote the formation of amide coordinated zinc(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Diána Balogh
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Györgyi Szunyog
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Márton Lukács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Bence Szakács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Imre Sóvágó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Várnagy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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23
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Golec C, Mortensen S, Anwar S, Martic-Milne S. Dual roles of tau R peptides on Cu(II)/(I)-mediated reactive oxygen species formation. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:919-931. [PMID: 34554340 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal dyshomeostasis plays a critical role in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and protein misfolding and aggregation; hence, contributing to neurodegeneration. Tau protein plays a key role in normal cellular function by maintaining microtubule formation in brain. The role of metal ions on tau protein biochemistry has not been systematically evaluated, but earlier reports indicated that metal ions modulate the complex biochemistry of this protein and its peptides. Herein, we evaluated interactions of biologically-relevant Cu(II) ions with the four repeat peptides of tau protein (R1 through R4) and their role on the formation of ROS, Cu(II) to Cu(I) reduction, and ultimately, peptide aggregation. The role of R peptides on ROS formation was characterized in the absence and presence of biological reducing agent, ascorbate by using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. In the presence of the reducing agent, all Cu(II)-peptide complexes reduced hydroxyl radical (OH·), while only Cu(II)-R3 complex depleted the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the absence of a reducing agent, only Cu(II)-R2 and Cu(II)-R3 complexes, which contain Cys and His residues, produced OH· and H2O2. Only R2 and R3 peptides, but not R1 and R4, reduced Cu(II) to Cu(I). The aggregation propensities of R peptides were modulated by Cu(II) and ascorbate, and were imaged by transmission electron microscopy. All metallo-peptides were characterized predominantly as singly charged mononuclear complexes by mass spectrometry. The data indicate that Cu(II)-peptide complexes may act as pro-oxidants or antioxidants and exhibit unique aggregation propensities under specific environmental conditions, with implications in the biological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Golec
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental and Life Science Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Shaelyn Mortensen
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental and Life Science Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Saba Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Sanela Martic-Milne
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental and Life Science Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
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Redox-Active Metal Ions and Amyloid-Degrading Enzymes in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147697. [PMID: 34299316 PMCID: PMC8307724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-active metal ions, Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), are essential biological molecules for the normal functioning of the brain, including oxidative metabolism, synaptic plasticity, myelination, and generation of neurotransmitters. Dyshomeostasis of these redox-active metal ions in the brain could cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, regulating the levels of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) is necessary for normal brain function. To control the amounts of metal ions in the brain and understand the involvement of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) in the pathogenesis of AD, many chemical agents have been developed. In addition, since toxic aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) have been proposed as one of the major causes of the disease, the mechanism of clearing Aβ is also required to be investigated to reveal the etiology of AD clearly. Multiple metalloenzymes (e.g., neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, and ADAM10) have been reported to have an important role in the degradation of Aβ in the brain. These amyloid degrading enzymes (ADE) could interact with redox-active metal ions and affect the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we introduce and summarize the roles, distributions, and transportations of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), along with previously invented chelators, and the structures and functions of ADE in the brain, as well as their interrelationships.
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25
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Golec C, Esteves-Villanueva JO, Martic S. Electrochemical characterization of Cu(II) complexes of brain-related tau peptides. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal ion dyshomeostasis plays an important role in diseases, including neurodegeneration. Tau protein is a known neurodegeneration biomarker, but its interactions with biologically relevant metal ions, such as Cu(II), are not fully understood. Herein, the Cu(II) complexes of four tau R peptides, based on the tau repeat domains, R1, R2, R3, and R4, were characterized by electrochemical methods, including cyclic voltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry in solution under aerobic conditions. The current and potential associated with Cu(II)/(I) redox couple was modulated as a function of R peptide sequence and concentration. All R peptides coordinated Cu(II) resulting in a dramatic decrease in the current associated with free Cu(II), and the appearance of a new redox couple due to metallo–peptide complex. The metallo–peptide complexes were characterized by the irreversible redox couple at more positive potentials and slower electron-transfer rates compared with the free Cu(II). The competition binding studies between R peptides with Cu(II) indicated that the strongest binding affinity was observed for the R3 peptide, which contained 2 His and 1 Cys residues. The formation of complexes was also evaluated as a function of peptide concentration and in the presence of competing Zn(II) ions. Data indicate that all metallo–peptides remain redox active pointing to the potential importance of the interactions between tau protein with metal ions in a biological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Golec
- Department of Forensic Science and Environmental Life Sciences Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Road, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | | | - Sanela Martic
- Department of Forensic Science and Environmental Life Sciences Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Road, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
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26
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Oxidase Reactivity of Cu II Bound to N-Truncated Aβ Peptides Promoted by Dopamine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105190. [PMID: 34068879 PMCID: PMC8155989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox chemistry of copper(II) is strongly modulated by the coordination to amyloid-β peptides and by the stability of the resulting complexes. Amino-terminal copper and nickel binding motifs (ATCUN) identified in truncated Aβ sequences starting with Phe4 show very high affinity for copper(II) ions. Herein, we study the oxidase activity of [Cu–Aβ4−x] and [Cu–Aβ1−x] complexes toward dopamine and other catechols. The results show that the CuII–ATCUN site is not redox-inert; the reduction of the metal is induced by coordination of catechol to the metal and occurs through an inner sphere reaction. The generation of a ternary [CuII–Aβ–catechol] species determines the efficiency of the oxidation, although the reaction rate is ruled by reoxidation of the CuI complex. In addition to the N-terminal coordination site, the two vicinal histidines, His13 and His14, provide a second Cu-binding motif. Catechol oxidation studies together with structural insight from the mixed dinuclear complexes Ni/Cu–Aβ4−x reveal that the His-tandem is able to bind CuII ions independently of the ATCUN site, but the N-terminal metal complexation reduces the conformational mobility of the peptide chain, preventing the binding and oxidative reactivity toward catechol of CuII bound to the secondary site.
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Nguyen PH, Ramamoorthy A, Sahoo BR, Zheng J, Faller P, Straub JE, Dominguez L, Shea JE, Dokholyan NV, De Simone A, Ma B, Nussinov R, Najafi S, Ngo ST, Loquet A, Chiricotto M, Ganguly P, McCarty J, Li MS, Hall C, Wang Y, Miller Y, Melchionna S, Habenstein B, Timr S, Chen J, Hnath B, Strodel B, Kayed R, Lesné S, Wei G, Sterpone F, Doig AJ, Derreumaux P. Amyloid Oligomers: A Joint Experimental/Computational Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Type II Diabetes, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2545-2647. [PMID: 33543942 PMCID: PMC8836097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation is observed in many amyloidogenic diseases affecting either the central nervous system or a variety of peripheral tissues. Structural and dynamic characterization of all species along the pathways from monomers to fibrils is challenging by experimental and computational means because they involve intrinsically disordered proteins in most diseases. Yet understanding how amyloid species become toxic is the challenge in developing a treatment for these diseases. Here we review what computer, in vitro, in vivo, and pharmacological experiments tell us about the accumulation and deposition of the oligomers of the (Aβ, tau), α-synuclein, IAPP, and superoxide dismutase 1 proteins, which have been the mainstream concept underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), type II diabetes (T2D), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, respectively, for many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Bikash R Sahoo
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - John E Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Department of Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Molecular Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Sackler Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeed Najafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mara Chiricotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - James McCarty
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carol Hall
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry and The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stepan Timr
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Brianna Hnath
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Sylvain Lesné
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Guanghong Wei
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Andrew J Doig
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Balogh BD, Szakács B, Di Natale G, Tabbì G, Pappalardo G, Sóvágó I, Várnagy K. Copper (II) binding properties of an octapeptide fragment from the R3 region of tau protein: A combined potentiometric, spectroscopic and mass spectrometric study. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111358. [PMID: 33588277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The copper(II) complexes of a peptide fragment of the R3 domain of tau protein (tau(326-333) Ac-GNIHHKPG-NH2) and its mutants (Ac-GNGHHKPG-NH2, Ac-GNIHHKAG-NH2, Ac-GNGAHKPG-NH2 and Ac-GNGHAKPG-NH2) have been studied by potentiometric and spectroscopic (UV-Vis, CD) methods. ESR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry were also used to prove the coordination mode of the mononuclear complexes and the formation of dinuclear species, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the (326-333) fragment of tau protein is a versatile and effective ligand for copper(II) coordination. The versatility of copper(II) binding is related to the presence of two adjacent histidyl residues in the sequence, which results in the coexistence of mononuclear, bis(ligand) and dinuclear complexes at different metal to ligand ratios. The 1:1 mononuclear complexes are, however, the dominant species with all peptides and the imidazole-N and one to three deprotonated amide nitrogen atoms towards the N-terminal side of the histidyl residue have been suggested as metal binding sites. This binding mode allows the formation of coordination isomers because any of the two histidine moieties can be the primary anchoring site. It is evident from the CD spectroscopic measurements that the isomers are present in almost equal concentration. The copper(II) binding affinity of the native fragment of tau protein is comparable to that of a similar 2-histidine fragment of amyloid-β mutant, Ac-SGAEGHHQK-NH2 but the comparison with an independent histidyl residue (H32) from the N-terminal region of the protein reveals the predominance of H32 over the histidines in the R3 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Diána Balogh
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bence Szakács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- CNR-Istituto di Cristallografia (IC), s.s. Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tabbì
- CNR-Istituto di Cristallografia (IC), s.s. Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pappalardo
- CNR-Istituto di Cristallografia (IC), s.s. Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Imre Sóvágó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Várnagy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Moynier F, Borgne ML, Laoud E, Mahan B, Mouton-Ligier F, Hugon J, Paquet C. Copper and zinc isotopic excursions in the human brain affected by Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2020; 12:e12112. [PMID: 33102682 PMCID: PMC7571480 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuropathologically marked by amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Little is known about isotopic compositions of human AD brains. Here we study this in comparison with control subjects for copper and zinc. Methods We use mass‐spectrometry methods, developed to study extraterrestrial materials, to compare the copper and zinc isotopic composition of 10 AD and 10 control brains. Results Copper and zinc natural isotopic compositions of AD brains are statistically different compared to controls, and correlate with Braak stages. Discussion The distribution of natural copper and zinc isotopes in AD is not affected by the diet, but is a consequence of Aβ plaques and tau fibril accumulation. This is well predicted by the changes of the chemical bonding environment caused by the development of Aβ lesions and accumulation of tau proteins. Future work will involve testing whether these changes affect brain functions and are propagated to body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Moynier
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Université de Paris CNRS Paris France
| | - Marie Le Borgne
- Unité 1148, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Hôpital Xavier Bichat GHU Nord APHP Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU FIRE Université de Paris Paris France
| | - Esther Laoud
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Université de Paris CNRS Paris France
| | - Brandon Mahan
- Earth and Environmental Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Francois Mouton-Ligier
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive Hopital Lariboisière Fernand-Widal GHU Nord APHP Université de Paris, and Inserm Paris France
| | - Jacques Hugon
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive Hopital Lariboisière Fernand-Widal GHU Nord APHP Université de Paris, and Inserm Paris France
| | - Claire Paquet
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive Hopital Lariboisière Fernand-Widal GHU Nord APHP Université de Paris, and Inserm Paris France
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Novel Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: Rosmarinic Acid Molecular Interplay with Copper(II) and Amyloid β. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10070118. [PMID: 32698429 PMCID: PMC7400086 DOI: 10.3390/life10070118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a severe disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a very debilitating disease with no cure at the moment. The necessity of finding an effective treatment is very demanding, and the entire scientific community is putting in a lot of effort to address this issue. The major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the presence of toxic aggregated species in the brain, impaired metal homeostasis, and high levels of oxidative stress. Rosmarinic acid is a well-known potent antioxidant molecule, the efficacy of which has been proved both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the possible role played by rosmarinic acid as a mediator of the copper(II)-induced neurotoxicity. Several spectroscopic techniques and biological assays were applied to characterize the metal complexes and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the mutagenicity of rosmarinic acid and its Cu(II) complex. Our data indicate that rosmarinic acid is able to interfere with the interaction between amyloid β and Cu(II) by forming an original ternary association.
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