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Jang S, Lee JB, Yoo C, Kim HS, Choi K, Lee J, Lee DY. Biocompatible and nondegradable microcapsules using an ethylamine-bridged EGCG dimer for successful therapeutic cell transplantation. J Control Release 2024; 373:520-532. [PMID: 39059498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Conventional alginate microcapsules are widely used for encapsulating therapeutic cells to reduce the host immune response. However, the exchange of monovalent cations with divalent cations for crosslinking can lead to a sol-gel phase transition, resulting in gradual degradation and swelling of the microcapsules in the body. To address this limitation, we present a biocompatible and nondegradable epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-based microencapsulation with ethylamine-bridged EGCG dimers (EGCG(d)), denoted as 'Epi-Capsules'. These Epi-Capsules showed increased physical properties and Ca2+ chelating resistance compared to conventional alginate microcapsules. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) treatment is very effective in increasing the stability of Epi-Capsule((+)HRP) due to the crosslinking between EGCG(d) molecules. Interestingly, the Epi-Capsules(oxi) using a pre-oxidized EGCG(d) can support long-term survival (>90 days) of xenotransplanted insulin-secreting islets in diabetic mice in vivo, which is attributed to its structural stability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging for lower fibrotic activity. Collectively, this EGCG-based microencapsulation can create Ca2+ chelating-resistance and anti-oxidant activity, which could be a promising strategy for cell therapies for diabetes and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonmi Jang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Bin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Yoo
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Shik Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimyung Choi
- Optipharm Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28158, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Elixir Pharmatech Inc., Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Yamaki Y, Seo H, Hatano A, Suzuki M, Niikura K. Structure-dependent detection of polyphenols using crown ether-immobilized gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16870-16875. [PMID: 38799214 PMCID: PMC11123615 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02182g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles functionalized with 18-crown 6-ether (18C6-AuNPs) can be used for detection of tannic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, and epicatechin gallate by color change in the μg mL-1 range. 18C6-AuNPs were insensitive to l-ascorbic acid and l-tyrosine unlike conventional detection methods, such as Folin & Ciocalteu assay, whose principle is based on the redox reaction of polyphenols. Although 18C6-AuNPs did not respond to some polyphenols, such as gallic acid and epicatechin, if the polyphenols of interest are responsive to this approach, these are expected to be effective nanomaterial for simple sensing of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Yamaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Fundamental Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology Japan
| | - Hiroki Seo
- Graduate School of Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology Minamisaitama-Gun Saitama 345-8501 Japan
| | - Akihiko Hatano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama-City Saitama 337-8570 Japan
| | - Manabu Suzuki
- Research & Development Center for Advanced Materials and Technology, Nippon Institute of Technology Japan
| | - Kenichi Niikura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Fundamental Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology Minamisaitama-Gun Saitama 345-8501 Japan
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Włodarczyk M, Ciebiera M, Nowicka G, Łoziński T, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Epigallocatechin Gallate for the Treatment of Benign and Malignant Gynecological Diseases-Focus on Epigenetic Mechanisms. Nutrients 2024; 16:559. [PMID: 38398883 PMCID: PMC10893337 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The most common malignant gynecologic diseases are cervical, uterine, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. Among them, ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. A great number of women suffer from endometriosis, uterine fibroids (UFs), adenomyosis, dysmenorrhea, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which are widespread benign health problems causing troublesome and painful symptoms and significantly impairing the quality of life of affected women, and they are some of the main causes of infertility. In addition to the available surgical and pharmacological options, the effects of supporting standard treatment with naturally occurring compounds, mainly polyphenols, are being studied. Catechins are responsible for the majority of potential health benefits attributed to green tea consumption. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is considered a non-toxic, natural compound with potential anticancer properties. Antioxidant action is its most common function, but attention is also drawn to its participation in cell division inhibition, apoptosis stimulation and epigenetic regulation. In this narrative review, we describe the role of EGCG consumption in preventing the development of benign reproductive disorders such as UF, endometriosis, and PCOS, as well as malignant gynecologic conditions. We discuss possible epigenetic mechanisms that may be related to the action of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland;
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Development and Research Center of Non-Invasive Therapies, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
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4
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Pisoschi AM, Iordache F, Stanca L, Cimpeanu C, Furnaris F, Geicu OI, Bilteanu L, Serban AI. Comprehensive and critical view on the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role of natural phenolic antioxidants. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116075. [PMID: 38150963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The immune response encompasses innate and adaptive immunity, each with distinct and specific activities. The innate immune system is constituted by phagocytic cells, macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils, the cascade system, and different classes of receptors such as toll-like receptors that are exploited by the innate immune cells. The adaptive immune system is antigen-specific, encompassing memory lymphocytes and the corresponding specific receptors. Inflammation is understood as an activation of different signaling pathways such as toll-like receptors or nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, with an increase in nitric oxide, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Increased oxidative stress has been identified as main source of chronic inflammation. Phenolic antioxidants modulate the activities of lymphocytes and macrophages by impacting cytokines and nitric oxide release, exerting anti-inflammatory effect. The nuclear-factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway are targeted, alongside an increase in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor mediated antioxidant response, triggering the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The inhibitive potential on phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase in the arachidonic acid pathway, and the subsequent reduction in prostaglandin and leukotriene generation, reveals the potential of phenolics as inflammation antagonists. The immunomodulative potential encompasses the capacity to interfere with proinflammatory cytokine synthesis and with the expression of the corresponding genes. A diet rich in antioxidants can result in prevention of inflammation-related pathologies. More investigations are necessary to establish the role of these antioxidants in therapy. The appropriate delivery system and the prooxidant effects exhibited at large doses, or in the presence of heavy metal cations should be regarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Florin Iordache
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredana Stanca
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Cimpeanu
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering, 59 Marasti Blvd, 011464, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Furnaris
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Ionut Geicu
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania; University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liviu Bilteanu
- Molecular Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Iren Serban
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania; University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095, Bucharest, Romania
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Kim Y, Baek Y, Jeong E, Lee HG. Development of gelatinized-core liposomes for the oral delivery of EGCG with improved stability, release property, and cellular antioxidant activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113723. [PMID: 38194838 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exhibits antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties; however, low cellular permeability and stability limit its bioavailability. Liposomes have the potential for enhancing bioactive compounds' bioavailability. Yet, low entrapment efficiency (EE) and burst release of hydrophilic substances make them impractical for food industry use. Here, we incorporated gelatin into liposomes to overcome these limitations. EGCG-loaded conventional liposomes (EGCG/CLs) and gelatinized-core liposomes (EGCG/GLs) had small particle sizes and high absolute zeta potentials. Encapsulation in EGCG/GLs significantly improved the EE of EGCG compared to that in EGCG/CLs (p < 0.05). EGCG/GLs retained EGCG in the hydrophilic region, whereas EGCG/CLs exhibited significantly higher release of EGCG during storage (p < 0.05). Additionally, in comparison to EGCG/CLs, gelatin incorporation significantly enhanced the sustained release, cellular permeability, and cellular antioxidant activity of EGCG (p < 0.05). This study emphasizes the capability of gelatinized-core liposomes as a potent delivery system for enhancing the stability and bioavailability of EGCG/CLs, broadening the prospects for utilizing them in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Youjin Baek
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Eunwoo Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Gyu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
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Bae KH, Lai F, Chen Q, Kurisawa M. Potentiating Gilteritinib Efficacy Using Nanocomplexation with a Hyaluronic Acid-Epigallocatechin Gallate Conjugate. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:225. [PMID: 38257023 PMCID: PMC10818662 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia carrying FMS-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3) mutations is a fatal blood cancer with a poor prognosis. Although the FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib has recently been approved, it still suffers from limited efficacy and relatively high nonresponse rates. In this study, we report the potentiation of gilteritinib efficacy using nanocomplexation with a hyaluronic acid-epigallocatechin gallate conjugate. The self-assembly, colloidal stability, and gilteritinib loading capacity of the nanocomplex were characterized by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and dynamic light scattering technique. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the nanocomplex efficiently internalized into FLT3-mutated leukemic cells via specific interactions between the surface-exposed hyaluronic acid and CD44 receptor overexpressed on the cells. Moreover, this nanocomplex was found to induce an eradication of the leukemic cells in a synergistic manner by elevating the levels of reactive oxygen species and caspase-3/7 activities more effectively than free gilteritinib. This study may provide a useful strategy to design nanomedicines capable of augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of FLT3 inhibitors for effective leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Bae
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore 138668, Singapore;
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos #08-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (F.L.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (F.L.); (Q.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos #08-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan
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Oak A, Bachubhai Sapariya D, Nayak C, Kumar Reddy AS, Lakshmi RS, Dalal D. A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial Evaluates the Efficacy of Alternative Herbal Mouthwashes. Cureus 2023; 15:e40394. [PMID: 37456435 PMCID: PMC10345606 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The removal of dental plaque is the primary step in achieving good oral hygiene. Mechanical plaque removal measures have questionable efficacy in inaccessible areas and proximal aspects of the oral cavity. Out of the several types of mouthwash available, chlorhexidine (CHX) is regarded as the gold standard, but considering its adverse effects, herbal alternatives are being sought after. So, the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of alternative herbal mouthwashes. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized, double-blind study, 125 selected patients were divided into five groups. Group 1: negative control - distilled water (DW); group 2: positive control - hexidine mouthwash (ICPA, Gujarat, India); group 3: FeelFresh Herbal Mouthcare Gargle (Able Exports, Gujarat, India); group 4: HiOra mouthwash (Himalaya Wellness Company, Bengaluru, India); group 5: Colgate MaxFresh Fresh Tea mouthwash (Colgate-Palmolive, India). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and microbial count (CFU) were evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS The difference among the three types of herbal mouthwash was statistically non-significant. The lowest PI, GI, and CFU values were obtained in the subjects of group 4. CONCLUSION Herbal mouthwashes are a promising alternative and are effective in maintaining oral hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Oak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Manipur, IND
| | | | - Chandni Nayak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, World Dental Specialities, Mumbai, IND
| | - Av Sunil Kumar Reddy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Regula Sri Lakshmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Dhanashree Dalal
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
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Tripathi DK, Nagar N, Kumar V, Joshi N, Roy P, Poluri KM. Gallate Moiety of Catechin Is Essential for Inhibiting CCL2 Chemokine-Mediated Monocyte Recruitment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4990-5005. [PMID: 36942659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment witnesses an orchestrated complex formation between the chemokines and their molecular partners. CCL2 chemokine that regulates monocyte trafficking is a worthwhile system from the pharmaceutical perspective. In the current study, four major catechins (EC/EGC/ECG/EGCG) were assessed for their inhibitory potential against CCL2-regulated monocyte/macrophage recruitment. Interestingly, catechins with the gallate moiety (ECG/EGCG) could only attenuate the CCL2-induced macrophage migration. These molecules specifically bound to CCL2 on a pocket comprising the N-terminal, β0-sheets, and β3-sheets, and the binding affinity of ECGC (Kd = 22 ± 4 μM) is ∼4 times higher than that of the ECG complex (Kd = 85 ± 6 μM). MD simulation analysis evidenced that the molecular specificity/stability of CCL2-catechin complexes is regulated by multiple factors, including stereospecificity, number of hydroxyl groups on the annular ring-B, the positioning of the carbonyl group, and the methylation of the galloyl ring. Further, a significant overlap on the binding surface of CCL2 for EGCG/ECG and receptor interactions as evidenced from NMR data provided the rationale for the observed inhibition of macrophage migration in response to EGCG/ECG binding. In summary, these galloylated epicatechins can be considered as potent protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors that regulate CCL2-directed leukocyte recruitment for resolving inflammatory/immunomodulatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Viney Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nidhi Joshi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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Sahadevan R, Binoy A, Vechalapu SK, Nanjan P, Sadhukhan S. In situ global proteomics profiling of EGCG targets using a cell-permeable and Click-able bioorthogonal probe. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123991. [PMID: 36907293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite possessing a wide spectrum of biological activities, molecular targets of EGCG remain elusive and as a result, its precise mode of action is still unknown. Herein, we have developed a novel cell-permeable and Click-able bioorthogonal probe for EGCG, YnEGCG for in situ detection and identification of its interacting proteins. The strategic structural modification on YnEGCG allowed it to retain innate biological activities of EGCG (IC50 59.52 ± 1.14 μM and 9.07 ± 0.01 μM for cell viability and radical scavenging activity, respectively). Chemoproteomics profiling identified 160 direct EGCG targets, with H:L ratio ≥ 1.10 from the list of 207 proteins, including multiple new proteins that were previously unknown. The targets were broadly distributed in various subcellular compartments suggesting a polypharmacological mode of action of EGCG. GO analysis revealed that the primary targets belonged to the enzymes that regulate key metabolic processes including glycolysis and energy homeostasis, also the cytoplasm (36 %) and mitochondria (15.6 %) contain the majority of EGCG targets. Further, we validated that EGCG interactome was closely associated with apoptosis indicating its role in inducing toxicity in cancer cells. For the first time, this in situ chemoproteomics approach could identify a direct and specific EGCG interactome under physiological conditions in an unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Sahadevan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Anupama Binoy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Sai K Vechalapu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pandurangan Nanjan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India; Physical & Chemical Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India; Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India.
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10
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Sapanidou V, Tsantarliotou MP, Lavrentiadou SN. A review of the use of antioxidants in bovine sperm preparation protocols. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 251:107215. [PMID: 37001221 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS), the imbalance between the production of free radicals and the cellular antioxidant defenses, are discussed in relation to their role in bovine sperm physiology. Oxidative stress has been associated to male infertility and low fertility rates in Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART). Antioxidant supplementation is an interesting approach to overcome OS-related infertility and assisted reproduction drawbacks. Several studies have been conducted to identify the potential sources of ROS in a typical ART setting and the impact of antioxidant supplementation on semen quality and pregnancy outcome. Procedures such as freezing and thawing, centrifugation and incubation are thought to produce significant amounts of ROS with a negative impact on sperm quality parameters and reproductive competence. Given the important role of ROS in sperm function, the addition of antioxidants in sperm media to prevent OS and to improve the reproductive outcome requires attention. Currently, there is limited evidence to support the ameliorative effect of antioxidant supplementation on fertilization and embryo development in farm animals. This review summarizes the different types and concentrations of antioxidants used in sperm preparation media of bovine species and their effectiveness in neutralizing excessive ROS production while preserving physiological sperm function.
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Oh JW, Muthu M, Pushparaj SSC, Gopal J. Anticancer Therapeutic Effects of Green Tea Catechins (GTCs) When Integrated with Antioxidant Natural Components. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052151. [PMID: 36903395 PMCID: PMC10004647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
After decades of research and development concerning cancer treatment, cancer is still at large and very much a threat to the global human population. Cancer remedies have been sought from all possible directions, including chemicals, irradiation, nanomaterials, natural compounds, and the like. In this current review, we surveyed the milestones achieved by green tea catechins and what has been accomplished in cancer therapy. Specifically, we have assessed the synergistic anticarcinogenic effects when green tea catechins (GTCs) are combined with other antioxidant-rich natural compounds. Living in an age of inadequacies, combinatorial approaches are gaining momentum, and GTCs have progressed much, yet there are insufficiencies that can be improvised when combined with natural antioxidant compounds. This review highlights that there are not many reports in this specific area and encourages and recommends research attention in this direction. The antioxidant/prooxidant mechanisms of GTCs have also been highlighted. The current scenario and the future of such combinatorial approaches have been addressed, and the lacunae in this aspect have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Suraj Shiv Charan Pushparaj
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Judy Gopal
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-44-66726677; Fax: +91-44-2681-1009
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12
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Green Extraction Techniques for the Determination of Active Ingredients in Tea: Current State, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the scientific community has turned its attention to the further study and application of green chemistry as well as to sustainable development in reducing the consumption of raw materials, solvents, and energy. The application of green chemistry aims to ensure the protection of the environment and to also, consequently, improve the quality of human life. It offers several benefits, both socially and economically. In the last few decades, new alternative non-conventional green extraction methodologies have been developed for the purposes of the extraction of active ingredient compounds from various raw products. The main objective of this literature review is to present the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the green extraction of tea species in respect of the isolation of safe active biomolecules, which can be used as commercially available products—both as dietary supplements and pharmaceutical formulations. More specifically, in this literature review, the intention is to investigate several different extraction techniques, such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction with DESs, the microwave assisted-extraction method, and the reflux method. These are presented in respect of their role in the isolation of bioactive molecules regarding different tea species. Furthermore, following the literature review conducted in this study, the commonly used green extraction methods were found to be the ultrasound-assisted method and the microwave-assisted method. In addition to these, the use of a green solvent, in regard to its role in the maximum extraction yield of active ingredients in various species of tea, was emphasized. Catechins, alkaloids (such as caffeine), gallic acid, and flavonoids were the main extracted bioactive molecules that were isolated from the several tea species. From this literature review, it can be demonstrated that green tea has been widely studied at a rate of 52% in respect of the included research studies, followed by black tea at 26%, as well as white tea and oolong tea at 11% each. Regarding the determination of the bioactive molecules, the most utilized analytical method was found in the combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a photodiode array detector (PDA) and mass spectrophotometry (MS) at a usage rate of about 80%. This method was followed by the utilization of UPLC and GC at 12% and 8%, respectively. In the future, it will be necessary to study the combination of green extraction techniques with other industry strategies, such as an encapsulation at the micro and nano scale, for the purposes of preparing stable final products with antioxidant properties where, finally, they can be safely consumed by humans.
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13
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Parish M, Massoud G, Hazimeh D, Segars J, Islam MS. Green Tea in Reproductive Cancers: Could Treatment Be as Simple? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030862. [PMID: 36765820 PMCID: PMC9913717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea originates from the tea plant Camellia sinensis and is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. Green tea polyphenols, commonly known as catechins, are the major bioactive ingredients and account for green tea's unique health benefits. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is the most potent catechin derivative and has been widely studied for its pro- and anti-oxidative effects. This review summarizes the chemical and chemopreventive properties of green tea in the context of female reproductive cancers. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2022 was conducted. All original and review articles related to green tea or EGCG, and gynecological cancers published in English were included. The findings of several in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies examining the effect of green tea on reproductive cancers, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and vulvar cancers, are presented. Studies have shown that this compound targets specific receptors and intracellular signaling pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis. The potential benefits of using green tea in the treatment of reproductive cancers, alone or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents, are examined, shedding light on new therapeutic strategies for the management of female reproductive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James Segars
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (M.S.I.); Tel.: +1-410-614-2000 (J.S. & M.S.I.)
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (M.S.I.); Tel.: +1-410-614-2000 (J.S. & M.S.I.)
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14
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Kong C, Zhang H, Li L, Liu Z. Effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on oral disease-associated microbes: a review. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2131117. [PMID: 36212989 PMCID: PMC9542882 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2131117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, caries, periodontitis and mucosal diseases, which are closely related to oral microorganisms, have always affected human health and quality of life. These complex microbiota present in different parts of the mouth can cause chronic infections in the oral cavity under certain conditions, some of which can also lead to acute and systemic diseases. With the mutation of related microorganisms and the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains, in order to prevent and treat related diseases, in addition to the innovation of diagnosis and treatment technology, the development of new antimicrobial drugs is also important. Catechins are polyphenolic compounds in green tea, some of which are reported to provide health benefits for a variety of diseases. Studies have shown that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and effective active ingredient in green tea catechins, which acts against a variety of gram-positive and negative bacteria, as well as some fungi and viruses. This review aims to summarize the research progress on the activity of EGCG against common oral disease-associated organisms and discuss the mechanisms of these actions, hoping to provide new medication strategies for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases, the future research of EGCG and its translation into clinical practice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huili Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lingfeng Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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15
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Bae KH, Lai F, Oruc B, Osato M, Chen Q, Kurisawa M. Self-Assembled Daunorubicin/Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanocomplex for Synergistic Reversal of Chemoresistance in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010381. [PMID: 36613821 PMCID: PMC9820275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major challenges for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a bioactive polyphenol from green tea, has attracted immense interest as a potential chemosensitizer, but its application is limited due to the need for effective formulations capable of co-delivering EGCG and anti-leukemic drugs. Herein, we describe the formation and characterization of a micellar nanocomplex self-assembled from EGCG and daunorubicin, an anthracycline drug for the first-line treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. This nanocomplex was highly stable at pH 7.4 but stimulated to release the incorporated daunorubicin at pH 5.5, mimicking an acidic endosomal environment. More importantly, the nanocomplex exhibited superior cytotoxic efficacy against multidrug-resistant human leukemia cells over free daunorubicin by achieving a strong synergism, as supported by median-effect plot analysis. The observed chemosensitizing effect was in association with enhanced nucleus accumulation of daunorubicin, elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and caspase-mediated apoptosis induction. Our study presents a promising strategy for circumventing chemoresistance for more effective leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Bae
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Betul Oruc
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan
- Correspondence:
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16
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Afzal O, Dalhat MH, Altamimi ASA, Rasool R, Alzarea SI, Almalki WH, Murtaza BN, Iftikhar S, Nadeem S, Nadeem MS, Kazmi I. Green Tea Catechins Attenuate Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cognitive Deficits. Molecules 2022; 27:7604. [PMID: 36364431 PMCID: PMC9655201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases exert an overwhelming socioeconomic burden all around the globe. They are mainly characterized by modified protein accumulation that might trigger various biological responses, including oxidative stress, inflammation, regulation of signaling pathways, and excitotoxicity. These disorders have been widely studied during the last decade in the hopes of developing symptom-oriented therapeutics. However, no definitive cure has yet been discovered. Tea is one of the world's most popular beverages. The same plant, Camellia Sinensis (L.).O. Kuntze, is used to make green, black, and oolong teas. Green tea has been most thoroughly studied because of its anti-cancer, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The beneficial effect of consumption of tea on neurodegenerative disorders has been reported in several human interventional and observational studies. The polyphenolic compounds found in green tea, known as catechins, have been demonstrated to have many therapeutic effects. They can help in preventing and, somehow, treating neurodegenerative diseases. Catechins show anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant effects via blocking cytokines' excessive production and inflammatory pathways, as well as chelating metal ions and free radical scavenging. They may inhibit tau protein phosphorylation, amyloid beta aggregation, and release of apoptotic proteins. They can also lower alpha-synuclein levels and boost dopamine levels. All these factors have the potential to affect neurodegenerative disorders. This review will examine catechins' neuroprotective effects by highlighting their biological, pharmacological, antioxidant, and metal chelation abilities, with a focus on their ability to activate diverse cellular pathways in the brain. This review also points out the mechanisms of catechins in various neurodegenerative and cognitive diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and cognitive deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Hassan Dalhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Rasool
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan
| | - Saima Iftikhar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shamaila Nadeem
- Department of Zoology, Kinnaird College for Women, 93-Jail Road Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Chitosan-Polyphenol Conjugates for Human Health. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111768. [DOI: 10.3390/life12111768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human health deteriorates due to the generation and accumulation of free radicals that induce oxidative stress, damaging proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids; this has become the leading cause of many deadly diseases such as cardiovascular, cancer, neurodegenerative, diabetes, and inflammation. Naturally occurring polyphenols have tremendous therapeutic potential, but their short biological half-life and rapid metabolism limit their use. Recent advancements in polymer science have provided numerous varieties of natural and synthetic polymers. Chitosan is widely used due to its biomimetic properties which include biodegradability, biocompatibility, inherent antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant properties. However, due to low solubility in water and the non-availability of the H-atom donor, the practical use of chitosan as an antioxidant is limited. Therefore, chitosan has been conjugated with polyphenols to overcome the limitations of both chitosan and polyphenol, along with increasing the potential synergistic effects of their combination for therapeutic applications. Though many methods have been evolved to conjugate chitosan with polyphenol through activated ester-modification, enzyme-mediated, and free radical induced are the most widely used strategies. The therapeutic efficiency of chitosan-polyphenol conjugates has been investigated for various disease treatments caused by ROS that have shown favorable outcomes and tremendous results. Hence, the present review focuses on the recent advancement of different strategies of chitosan-polyphenol conjugate formation with their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, the therapeutic applicability of the combinatorial efficiency of chitosan-based conjugates formed using Gallic Acid, Curcumin, Catechin, and Quercetin in human health has been described in detail.
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18
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Farhan M. Green Tea Catechins: Nature’s Way of Preventing and Treating Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810713. [PMID: 36142616 PMCID: PMC9501439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea’s (Camellia sinensis) anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects are well-known. Catechins are the most effective antioxidants among the physiologically active compounds found in Camellia sinesis. Recent research demonstrates that the number of hydroxyl groups and the presence of specific structural groups have a substantial impact on the antioxidant activity of catechins. Unfermented green tea is the finest source of these chemicals. Catechins have the ability to effectively neutralize reactive oxygen species. The catechin derivatives of green tea include epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). EGCG has the greatest anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential. Notably, catechins in green tea have been explored for their ability to prevent a variety of cancers. Literature evidence, based on epidemiological and laboratory studies, indicates that green tea catechins have certain properties that can serve as the basis for their consideration as lead molecules in the synthesis of novel anticancer drugs and for further exploration of their role as pharmacologically active natural adjuvants to standard chemotherapeutics. The various sections of the article will focus on how catechins affect the survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumors by modulating cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Ivyna de Araújo Rêgo R, Guedes Silvestre GF, Ferreira de Melo D, Albino SL, Pimentel MM, Silva Costa Cruz SB, Silva Wurzba SD, Rodrigues WF, Goulart de Lima Damasceno BP, Cançado Castellano LR. Flavonoids-Rich Plant Extracts Against Helicobacter pylori Infection as Prevention to Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:951125. [PMID: 36120379 PMCID: PMC9470917 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.951125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common and fourth type to cause the highest mortality rates worldwide. The leading cause is related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Unfortunately, current treatments have low success rates, highlighting the need for alternative treatments against carcinogenic agents, specifically H. pylori. Noteworthy, natural origin products contain pharmacologically active metabolites such as flavonoids, with potential antimicrobial applications. Objective: This article overviews flavonoid-rich extracts’ biological and pharmacological activities. It focuses on using these substances against Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent gastric cancer. For this, PubMed and Science Direct databases were searched for studies that reported the activity of flavonoids against H. pylori, published within a 10-year time frame (2010 to August 2020). It resulted in 1,773 publications, of which 44 were selected according to the search criteria. The plant family primarily found in publications was Fabaceae (9.61%). Among the flavonoids identified after extraction, the most prevalent were quercetin (19.61%), catechin (13.72), epicatechin (11.76), and rutin (11.76). The potential mechanisms associated with anti-H. pylori activity to the extracts were: inhibition of urease, damage to genetic material, inhibition of protein synthesis, and adhesion of the microorganism to host cells. Conclusion: Plant extracts rich in flavonoids with anti-H. pylori potential proved to be a promising alternative therapy source, reinforcing the relevance of studies with natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaly Ivyna de Araújo Rêgo
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group-GEPIH, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Science and Technology in Health, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Demis Ferreira de Melo
- Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Sonaly Lima Albino
- Postgraduate Program of Therapeutic Innovation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Marcela Monteiro Pimentel
- Postgraduate Program of Science and Technology in Health, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Sara Brito Silva Costa Cruz
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Daniela Silva Wurzba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Lúcio Roberto Cançado Castellano
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group-GEPIH, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Lúcio Roberto Cançado Castellano,
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20
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Chen J, Li H, Li X, Yuan D, Cheng H, Ke Y, Cheng J, Wang Z, Chen J, Li J. Co-amorphous systems using epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a co-former: stability, in vitro dissolution, in vivo bioavailability and underlying molecular mechanisms. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 178:82-93. [PMID: 35932965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous strategy has been extensively investigated to improve the dissolution of hydrophobic drugs. Here, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was exploited as a co-former in co-amorphous systems based on its unique structure including phenyl rings, phenolic hydroxyl groups and the galloyl moiety. Two model BCS class II drugs, simvastatin (SIM) and nifedipine (NIF), were selected to be co-amorphized with EGCG. All drug-EGCG systems at three molar ratios became amorphous by the means of spray drying and showed high physically stable either under dry condition and 75% RH at 40 °C or under dry conditions at 25 °C. The optimal feed molar ratios of both EGCG based co-amorphous systems fabricated were determined to be three, under which the significant increases were obtained in the maximum apparent concentrations of 4.90-fold for SIM at 1 h and 106.03-fold for NIF at 0.25 h compared to crystalline drugs by non-sink dissolution studies. The underlying molecular mechanisms of two co-amorphous systems formation were involved in molecular miscibility, hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions unraveled by means of DSC, FTIR and molecular dynamics simulations. More to the point, oral pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated that co-amorphous SIM-EGCG and NIF-EGCG systems at 1:3 have a significant increase in Cmax of 1.81- and 5.69-fold, and AUC 0-24 h of 1.62- and 4.57-fold compared with those of corresponding crystalline drugs, respectively. In conclusion, EGCG is proved to be a promising co-former in co-amorphous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huaning Li
- Medical Department, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261042, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongqing Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yixin Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jianming Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zengwu Wang
- Medical Department, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261042, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Junsong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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21
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Talib WH, Daoud S, Mahmod AI, Hamed RA, Awajan D, Abuarab SF, Odeh LH, Khater S, Al Kury LT. Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154818. [PMID: 35956766 PMCID: PMC9369847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in cancer. In this review, we discussed the anticancer activities of ten natural products extracted from plants. The majority of these products inhibit cancer by targeting multiple cancer hallmarks, and many of these chemicals have reached clinical applications. Studies discussed in this review provide a solid ground for researchers and physicians to design more effective combination anticancer therapies using plant-derived natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Reem Ali Hamed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Dima Awajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Sara Feras Abuarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Lena Hisham Odeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (R.A.H.); (D.A.); (S.F.A.); (L.H.O.); (S.K.)
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
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22
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The Role of Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2011945. [PMID: 35754694 PMCID: PMC9217581 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2011945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, interest in medicinal plants and phytochemicals for the treatment of skin disorders, including acne vulgaris, has progressively increased. Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, which mainly occurs in adolescents and young adults. The treatment focuses on the four main factors involved in its pathogenesis: increased sebum production, hyperkeratinization, overgrowth of Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation. The treatment includes topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and oral isotretinoin. In this regard, the use of herbal medicine as a complementary and alternative medicine is a promising strategy. The main objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants and phytochemicals in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Three scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from inception to January 2021. Clinical trials comparing herbal therapies with placebo or other medicines for the treatment of acne vulgaris were included and analyzed. Outcome measures of interest comprised acne lesions (inflammatory and noninflammatory), sebum production, acne severity, and quality of life. The risk of bias in the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A total of 34 clinical trials involving 1753 participants met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Most trials showed that herbal medicine significantly reduces inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions and has a relevant effect on acne severity. Some medicinal plants revealed equal or higher efficacy to standard treatments. No significant difference between groups in sebum production and quality of life was observed and no severe adverse events were reported. This systematic review provides evidence that medicinal plants and phytochemicals are promising treatments for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. However, more quality of evidence and standardized methodologies are needed to support their effectiveness and safety claims.
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Tong Z, Deng Q, Luo S, Li J, Liu Y. Marine Biomass-Supported Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Cr(VI) Removal: A Response Surface Methodology Study. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111846. [PMID: 35683701 PMCID: PMC9182078 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions such as Cr(VI) pose great hazards to the environment, which requests materials and methods for decontamination. Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has emerged as a promising candidate for Cr(VI) removal. Herein, harnessing the merits of marine biomass, a heterogeneous water treatment system for the decontamination of Cr(VI) is developed based on the in situ immobilization of nZVI on the seashell powder (SP)-derived porous support. A response surface methodology (RSM) study involving three independent factors is designed and conducted to direct material synthesis and reaction design for products with optimal performances. Under optimal synthetic conditions, the nZVI-loaded seashell powder (SP@nZVI), which is characterized in detail by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), results in a 79% increase in the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) compared to free nZVI. Mechanism studies show that the removal of Cr(VI) by SP@nZVI conforms to the Langmuir adsorption model with a quasi-second order kinetic equation, in which redox reactions between nZVI and Cr(VI) occurred at the SP surface. The results of this work are expected to benefit the reuse of bioresource waste in developing environmental remediation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Liu
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
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Kim JM, Heo HJ. The roles of catechins in regulation of systemic inflammation. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:957-970. [PMID: 35345441 PMCID: PMC8943496 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechins are a phytochemical present in plants such as tea leaves, beans, black grapes, cherries, and cacao, and have various physiological activities. It is reported that catechins have a health improvement effect and ameliorating effect against various diseases. In addition, antioxidant activity, liver damage prevention, cholesterol lowering effect, and anti-obesity activity were confirmed through in vivo animal and clinical studies. Although most diseases are reported as ones mediating various inflammations, the mechanism for improving inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, the current review article evaluates the physiological activity and various pharmacological actions of catechins and conclude by confirming an improvement effect on the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
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Ssekatawa K, Byarugaba DK, Angwe MK, Wampande EM, Ejobi F, Nxumalo E, Maaza M, Sackey J, Kirabira JB. Phyto-Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Photocatalytic Performances. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:820218. [PMID: 35252130 PMCID: PMC8889028 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.820218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The greatest challenge of the current generation and generations to come is antimicrobial resistance, as different pathogenic bacteria have continuously evolved to become resistant to even the most recently synthesized antibiotics such as carbapenems. Resistance to carbapenems limits the therapeutic options of MDR infections as they are the only safe and effective drugs recommended to treat such infections. This scenario has complicated treatment outcomes, even to the commonest bacterial infections. Repeated attempts to develop other approaches have been made. The most promising novel therapeutic option is the use of nanomaterials as antimicrobial agents. Thus, this study examined the efficacy of Camellia sinensis extract (CSE) and Prunus africana bark extract (PAE) green synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) against carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, the photocatalytic and antioxidant activities of CuONPs were evaluated to determine the potential of using them in a wide range of applications. CuONPs were biosynthesized by CSE and PAE. UV vis spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the nanoparticles. CuONPs susceptibility tests were carried out by the agar well diffusion method. The photocatalytic and antioxidant activities of the CuONPs were determined by the methylene blue and DPPH free radical scavenging assays, respectively. UV vis absorbance spectra registered surface plasmon resonance peaks between 272 and 286 nm, confirming the presence of CuONPs. The XRD array had nine strong peaks at 2θ values typical of CuONPs. FTIR spectra exhibited bands associated with organic functional groups confirming capping and functionalization of the CuONPs by the phytochemicals. DLS analysis registered a net zeta potential of +12.5 mV. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical and clustered with a mean diameter of 6 nm. Phytosynthesized CuONPs exhibited the highest growth suppression zones of 30 mm with MIC ranging from 30 to 125 μg/ml against MDR bacteria. Furthermore, the CuONPs achieved a methylene blue dye photocatalysis degradation efficiency of 85.5% and a free radical scavenging activity of 28.8%. PAE and CSE successfully bio-reduced copper ions to the nanoscale level with potent antimicrobial, photocatalysis, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Ssekatawa
- College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Denis K. Byarugaba
- College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Martin Kamilo Angwe
- College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eddie M. Wampande
- College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Francis Ejobi
- College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward Nxumalo
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Florida Science Campus, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Malik Maaza
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Juliet Sackey
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - John Baptist Kirabira
- Africa Center of Excellence in Materials, Product Development and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- *Correspondence: John Baptist Kirabira,
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Rossi F, Crnjar A, Comitani F, Feliciano R, Jahn L, Malim G, Southgate L, Kay E, Oakey R, Buggs R, Moir A, Kistler L, Rodriguez Mateos A, Molteni C, Schulz R. Extraction and high-throughput sequencing of oak heartwood DNA: Assessing the feasibility of genome-wide DNA methylation profiling. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254971. [PMID: 34793449 PMCID: PMC8601515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tree ring features are affected by environmental factors and therefore are the basis for dendrochronological studies to reconstruct past environmental conditions. Oak wood often provides the data for these studies because of the durability of oak heartwood and hence the availability of samples spanning long time periods of the distant past. Wood formation is regulated in part by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Studies of the methylation state of DNA preserved in oak heartwood thus could identify epigenetic tree ring features informing on past environmental conditions. In this study, we aimed to establish protocols for the extraction of DNA, the high-throughput sequencing of whole-genome DNA libraries (WGS) and the profiling of DNA methylation by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) for oak (Quercus robur) heartwood drill cores taken from the trunks of living standing trees spanning the AD 1776-2014 time period. Heartwood contains little DNA, and large amounts of phenolic compounds known to hinder the preparation of high-throughput sequencing libraries. Whole-genome and DNA methylome library preparation and sequencing consistently failed for oak heartwood samples more than 100 and 50 years of age, respectively. DNA fragmentation increased with sample age and was exacerbated by the additional bisulfite treatment step during methylome library preparation. Relative coverage of the non-repetitive portion of the oak genome was sparse. These results suggest that quantitative methylome studies of oak hardwood will likely be limited to relatively recent samples and will require a high sequencing depth to achieve sufficient genome coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rossi
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Crnjar
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Comitani
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Feliciano
- Department of Nutrition, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Leonie Jahn
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - George Malim
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Southgate
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Kay
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Oakey
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Buggs
- Department of Natural Capital and Plant Health, Royal Botanical Gardens, Richmond, United Kingdom
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Moir
- Tree-Ring Services Limited, Mitcheldean, United Kingdom
| | - Logan Kistler
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum Of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | | | - Carla Molteni
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reiner Schulz
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Xiang P, Zhu Q, Tukhvatshin M, Cheng B, Tan M, Liu J, Wang X, Huang J, Gao S, Lin D, Zhang Y, Wu L, Lin J. Light control of catechin accumulation is mediated by photosynthetic capacity in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:478. [PMID: 34670494 PMCID: PMC8527772 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catechins are crucial in determining the flavour and health benefits of tea, but it remains unclear that how the light intensity regulates catechins biosynthesis. Therefore, we cultivated tea plants in a phytotron to elucidate the response mechanism of catechins biosynthesis to light intensity changes. RESULTS In the 250 μmol·m- 2·s- 1 treatment, the contents of epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate and total catechins were increased by 98.94, 14.5 and 13.0% respectively, compared with those in the 550 μmol·m- 2·s- 1 treatment. Meanwhile, the photosynthetic capacity was enhanced in the 250 μmol·m- 2·s- 1 treatment, including the electron transport rate, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and expression of related genes (such as CspsbA, CspsbB, CspsbC, CspsbD, CsPsbR and CsGLK1). In contrast, the extremely low or high light intensity decreased the catechins accumulation and photosynthetic capacity of the tea plants. The comprehensive analysis revealed that the response of catechins biosynthesis to the light intensity was mediated by the photosynthetic capacity of the tea plants. Appropriately high light upregulated the expression of genes related to photosynthetic capacity to improve the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and electron transfer rate (ETR), which enhanced the contents of substrates for non-esterified catechins biosynthesis (such as EGC). Meanwhile, these photosynthetic capacity-related genes and gallic acid (GA) biosynthesis-related genes (CsaroB, CsaroDE1, CsaroDE2 and CsaroDE3) co-regulated the response of GA accumulation to light intensity. Eventually, the epigallocatechin gallate content was enhanced by the increased contents of its precursors (EGC and GA) and the upregulation of the CsSCPL gene. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the catechin content and photosynthetic capacity of tea plants increased under appropriately high light intensities (250 μmol·m- 2·s- 1 and 350 μmol·m- 2·s- 1) but decreased under extremely low or high light intensities (150 μmol·m- 2·s- 1 or 550 μmol·m- 2·s- 1). We found that the control of catechin accumulation by light intensity in tea plants is mediated by the plant photosynthetic capacity. The research provided useful information for improving catechins content and its light-intensity regulation mechanism in tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qiufang Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Marat Tukhvatshin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Bosi Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Meng Tan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianghong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xingjian Wang
- Institute of Photobiological Industry, Fujian Sanan Sino-Science Photobiotech Co., Ltd, Xiamen, 361008, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuilian Gao
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongyi Lin
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liangyu Wu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinke Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Yang J, Wang S, Xu N, Ye Z, Yang H, Huangfu X. Synthesis of montmorillonite-supported nano-zero-valent iron via green tea extract: Enhanced transport and application for hexavalent chromium removal from water and soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126461. [PMID: 34186421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nano-zero-valent iron composite (nZVI@TP-Mont) was successfully prepared using a low-cost and environmental-friendly green synthesis via tea leaves extract (tea polyphenols, TPs) and the montmorillonite (Mont). The batch and column experiments and characterization were conducted to investigate the transport behavior and Cr(VI) remediation by nZVI@TP-Mont in water/soil. Due to its particular surface characteristics and morphology (i.e., the Fe0 core wrapped by TPs, the doped sulfur, and interlayer structure), the nZVI@TP-Mont composite showed a great removal capacity of Cr(VI) and sufficient mobility under different soil conditions. We opine the increase in the Cr(VI) reduction of nZVI@TP-Mont was attributed to the tethering of Fe2O3 on the surface of Fe0 core by the support of Mont interlayer, especially the TP-coverage around nZVI@TP-Mont surface unwrapped, thereby increasing the regenerated reactive Fe2+ and the exposed reaction sites of Fe0 cores to Cr(VI). The increased transportability of nZVI@TP-Mont slightly depends on the heterogeneous soil properties (i.e., ionic strength, sand/soil ratio, and pH). The two-site kinetic attachment model fitting results suggest Cr(VI)/Cr(III) speciation associated with the agglomerated nZVI@TP-Mont were efficiently immobilized in soil. Therefore, this study would benefit the efficient application of the green-synthesized nZVI@TP-Mont in in-situ remediation of soils contaminated by Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Nan Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Zhi Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xinxing Huangfu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Pharmacology of Catechins in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091390. [PMID: 34573022 PMCID: PMC8465198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechins represent a group of polyphenols that possesses various beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system, including protective effects in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a major pathophysiology associated with ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, as well as with cardioplegic arrest during heart surgery. In particular, catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been reported to prevent cardiac myocytes from I/R-induced cell damage and I/R-associated molecular changes, finally, resulting in improved cell viability, reduced infarct size, and improved recovery of cardiac function after ischemic insult, which has been widely documented in experimental animal studies and cardiac-derived cell lines. Cardioprotective effects of catechins in I/R injury were mediated via multiple molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of apoptosis; activation of cardioprotective pathways, such as PI3K/Akt (RISK) pathway; and inhibition of stress-associated pathways, including JNK/p38-MAPK; preserving mitochondrial function; and/or modulating autophagy. Moreover, regulatory roles of several microRNAs, including miR-145, miR-384-5p, miR-30a, miR-92a, as well as lncRNA MIAT, were documented in effects of catechins in cardiac I/R. On the other hand, the majority of results come from cell-based experiments and healthy small animals, while studies in large animals and studies including comorbidities or co-medications are rare. Human studies are lacking completely. The dosages of compounds also vary in a broad scale, thus, pharmacological aspects of catechins usage in cardiac I/R are inconclusive so far. Therefore, the aim of this focused review is to summarize the most recent knowledge on the effects of catechins in cardiac I/R injury and bring deep insight into the molecular mechanisms involved and dosage-dependency of these effects, as well as to outline potential gaps for translation of catechin-based treatments into clinical practice.
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Tso KH, Lumsangkul C, Cheng MC, Ju JC, Fan YK, Chiang HI. Differential Effects of Green Tea Powders on the Protection of Brown Tsaiya and Kaiya Ducklings against Trichothecene T-2 Toxin Toxicity. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092541. [PMID: 34573507 PMCID: PMC8466186 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of this study is to examine the effects of T-2 toxin (T-2) and green tea powders (GTP) on growth performance, hematology, and pathology parameters in Brown Tsaiya ducklings (BTDs) and Kaiya ducklings (KDs). T-2 toxin shows a strong and differential toxicity in growth suppression, as well as abnormalities in the hematological and pathological parameters of BTDs and KDs. We found that GTP could potentially prevent T-2-induced poor growth performance and improve some hematological parameters. Moreover, BTDs were more sensitive than KDs in terms of responses to T-2 toxicity and GTP detoxification. Abstract A 3-week feeding trial in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design was conducted with three concentrations (0, 0.5, and 5 mg/kg) of T-2 toxin (T-2) and two levels (0% and 0.5%) of green tea powder (GTP) supplements used in the diets of female brown Tsaiya ducklings (BTDs) and Kaiya ducklings (KDs), respectively. Breed had a significant effect on the growth performances and the relative weights of organs and carcass. In general, the growth performances of KDs were better than BTDs. The relative weights of organs and carcass of BTDs were typically heavier than those of KDs; however, the breast of KDs was heavier than those of BTDs. Both ducklings received 5 mg/kg of T-2 blended in the diet showed lower feed intake and body weight gain (BWG) in the second and the third week. The diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 and 0.5% GTP improved the BWG compared to those fed the diet supplemented with 5 mg/kg of T-2 without GTP in BTDs. Ducklings fed the diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 induced hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, as well as decreased concentrations of creatine phosphokinase and alkaline phosphatase. The concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) were increased in KDs and BTDs fed the diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 without GTP, respectively. However, duckling diets containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 with 0.5% GTP lowered concentrations of BUN and GOT in the blood plasma of KDs and BTDs, respectively. The diet containing 5 mg/kg of T-2 increased the relative kidney weight but decreased the relative breast weight of ducklings. Enlarged gizzards and reduced relative leg weights were observed in BTDs fed the diets containing 5 mg/kg of T-2. In summary, BTDs are more sensitive than KDs in responding to T-2 toxicity and GTP detoxification. Green tea powder has detoxification ability and could potentially mitigate T-2 toxicity on BWG, BUN, and GOT in ducklings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hua Tso
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (M.-C.C.)
| | - Chompunut Lumsangkul
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Min-Chien Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (M.-C.C.)
- Hengchun Branch Institute, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Pingtung 94644, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (M.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-C.J.); (Y.-K.F.); (H.-I.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2287-0613 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.); Fax: +886-4-2286-0265 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.)
| | - Yang-Kwang Fan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (M.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.-C.J.); (Y.-K.F.); (H.-I.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2287-0613 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.); Fax: +886-4-2286-0265 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.)
| | - Hsin-I Chiang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (M.-C.C.)
- Center for the Integrative and Evolutionary Galliformes Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-C.J.); (Y.-K.F.); (H.-I.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2287-0613 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.); Fax: +886-4-2286-0265 (J.-C.J. & Y.-K.F. & H.-I.C.)
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Ssekatawa K, Byarugaba DK, Kato CD, Wampande EM, Ejobi F, Nakavuma JL, Maaza M, Sackey J, Nxumalo E, Kirabira JB. Green Strategy–Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.697303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been the nucleus of chemotherapy since their discovery and introduction into the healthcare system in the 1940s. They are routinely used to treat bacterial infections and to prevent infections in patients with compromised immune systems and enhancing growth in livestock. However, resistance to last-resort antibiotics used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections has been reported worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate green synthesized nanomaterials such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as alternatives to antibiotics. UV-vis spectroscopy surface plasmon resonance peaks for AgNPs were obtained between 417 and 475 nm. An X-ray diffraction analysis generated four peaks for both Prunus africana extract (PAE) and Camellia sinensis extract (CSE) biosynthesized AgNPs positioned at 2θ angles of 38.2°, 44.4°, 64.5°, and 77.4° corresponding to crystal planes (111), (200), (220), and (311), respectively. A dynamic light-scattering analysis registered the mean zeta potential of +6.3 mV and +0.9 mV for PAE and CSE biosynthesized nanoparticles, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra exhibited bands corresponding to different organic functional groups confirming the capping of AgNPs by PAE and CSE phytochemicals. Field emission scanning electron microscopy imaging showed that AgNPs were spherical with average size distribution ranging from 10 to 19 nm. Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited maximum growth inhibitory zones of 21 mm with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 125 and 250 μg/ml, respectively, against carbapenem-resistant bacteria.
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Effects of temperature and ultrasonic scaler on the infusion process of green tea leaves and catechins stability under ultrasonic vibration. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Therapeutic Effects of Catechins in Less Common Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072232. [PMID: 34209677 PMCID: PMC8308206 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders research has focused on altered molecular mechanisms in search of potential pharmacological targets, e.g., imbalances in mechanisms of response to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and neuronal plasticity, which occur in less common neurological and neurodegenerative pathologies (Huntington disease, multiple sclerosis, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, and Down syndrome). Here, we assess the effects of different catechins (particularly of epigalocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG) on these disorders, as well as their use in attenuating age-related cognitive decline in healthy individuals. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of EGCG -due to their phenolic hydroxyl groups-, as well as its immunomodulatory, neuritogenic, and autophagic characteristics, makes this catechin a promising tool against neuroinflammation and microglia activation, common in these pathologies. Although EGCG promotes the inhibition of protein aggregation in experimental Huntington disease studies and improves the clinical severity in multiple sclerosis in animal models, its efficacy in humans remains controversial. EGCG may normalize DYRK1A (involved in neural plasticity) overproduction in Down syndrome, improving behavioral and neural phenotypes. In neurological pathologies caused by environmental agents, such as FASD, EGCG enhances antioxidant defense and regulates placental angiogenesis and neurodevelopmental processes. As demonstrated in animal models, catechins attenuate age-related cognitive decline, which results in improvements in long-term outcomes and working memory, reduction of hippocampal neuroinflammation, and enhancement of neuronal plasticity; however, further studies are needed. Catechins are valuable compounds for treating and preventing certain neurodegenerative and neurological diseases of genetic and environmental origin. However, the use of different doses of green tea extracts and EGCG makes it difficult to reach consistent conclusions for different populations.
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Renzetti A, Betts JW, Fukumoto K, Rutherford RN. Antibacterial green tea catechins from a molecular perspective: mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships. Food Funct 2021; 11:9370-9396. [PMID: 33094767 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the mechanisms of antibacterial action of green tea catechins, discussing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies for each mechanism. The antibacterial activity of green tea catechins results from a variety of mechanisms that can be broadly classified into the following groups: (1) inhibition of virulence factors (toxins and extracellular matrix); (2) cell wall and cell membrane disruption; (3) inhibition of intracellular enzymes; (4) oxidative stress; (5) DNA damage; and (6) iron chelation. These mechanisms operate simultaneously with relative importance differing among bacterial strains. In all SAR studies, the highest antibacterial activity is observed for galloylated compounds (EGCG, ECG, and theaflavin digallate). This observation, combined with numerous experimental and theoretical evidence, suggests that catechins share a common binding mode, characterized by the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with their target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Renzetti
- Global Education Institute, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
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36
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Applications of Catechins in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050546. [PMID: 34062722 PMCID: PMC8147231 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is the second most commonly consumed beverage worldwide. Along with its aromatic and delicate flavors that make it an enjoyable beverage, studies report numerous health advantages in tea consumption, including applications in antimicrobial therapy. The antimicrobial properties of tea are related to catechin and its derivatives, which are natural flavonoids that are abundant in tea. Increasing evidence from in vitro studies demonstrated antimicrobial effects of catechins on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and proposed direct and indirect therapeutic mechanisms. Additionally, catechins were reported to be effective anti-virulence agents. Furthermore, a number of studies presented evidence that catechins display synergistic effects with certain antibiotics, thus potentiating the activity of antibiotics in resistant bacteria. Despite their numerous beneficial properties, catechins face many challenges in their development as therapeutic agents, including poor absorption, low bioavailability, and rapid degradation. The introduction of nanobiotechnology provides target-based and stable delivery, which enhances catechin bioavailability and optimizes drug efficacy. As further research continues to focus on overcoming the unresolved challenges, catechins are likely to see additional promising applications in our continual fight against bacterial infections.
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Salazar J, Cano C, Pérez JL, Castro A, Díaz MP, Garrido B, Carrasquero R, Chacín M, Velasco M, D Marco L, Rojas-Quintero J, Bermúdez V. Role of Dietary Polyphenols in Adipose Tissue Browning: A Narrative Review. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:4444-4460. [PMID: 32611294 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200701211422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle modifications such as energy restriction and increased physical activity are highly effective in the management of obesity. However, adherence to these therapeutic approaches is poor. On the other hand, synthetic drugs used for obesity control are plagued by adverse effects. Despite these failures, adipose tissue is still an attractive therapeutic target for novel molecules, and thus, the characterisation of new and safer anti-obesity drugs is of significant interest. For this reason, in recent years, phenolic constituents of diverse plants have drawn much attention due to their health-promoting properties, opening new research lines related to brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. The goal is to increase energy expenditure levels through thermogenic activity activation by multiple factors, like polyphenols. The suggested mechanisms by which polyphenols can modulate thermogenesis include Nor-epinephrine/Catechol-O-Methyl-Transferase (NE/COMT) inhibition, PPARγ co-activator alpha (PGC-1α)-dependent pathways activation, and mitochondrial biogenesis, among others. Although polyphenols such as quercetin, catechins, chrysin, luteolin, curcumin, resveratrol, gallic acid, and lignans have shown a positive effect on Non-Shivering Thermogenesis and WAT browning, most of them have only been active in murine models or in vitro systems, and their reproducibility in humans has to be proved. Probably in the future, an approach that includes these compounds as part of the nutritional regimen in conjunction with physical exercise, pharmacological and surgical therapy, would allow modulating a pathophysiological mechanism that is still elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José L Pérez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ana Castro
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - María P Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Luis D Marco
- Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Nephrology department, Valencia, Espana
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Mishra G, İlgün S, Samarghandian S. New insights into the role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in green tea catechin applications. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3078-3112. [PMID: 33569875 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in numerous clinical complications. Pivotal roles of Nrf2 have been proved in cancer, autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, renal injuries, respiratory conditions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and general disorders related to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, gelatinolysis, autophagy, and fibrogenesis processes. Green tea catechins as a rich source of phenolic compounds can deal with various clinical problems and manifestations. In this review, we attempted to focus on intervention between green tea catechins and Nrf2. Green tea catechins especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) elucidated the protective role of Nrf2 and its downstream molecules in various disorders through Keap-1, HO-1, NQO-1, GPx, GCLc, GCLm, NF-kB cross-link, kinases, and apoptotic proteins. Subsequently, we compiled an updated expansions of the Nrf2 role as a gate to manage and protect different disorders and feasible indications of green tea catechins through this signaling pathway. The present review highlighted recent evidence-based data in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies on an outline for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA.,Department of Research & Development, Viatris Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Selen İlgün
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Dos Santos AN, de L Nascimento TR, Gondim BLC, Velo MMAC, de A Rêgo RI, do C Neto JR, Machado JR, da Silva MV, de Araújo HWC, Fonseca MG, Castellano LRC. Catechins as Model Bioactive Compounds for Biomedical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:4032-4047. [PMID: 32493187 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200603124418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Research regarding polyphenols has gained prominence over the years because of their potential as pharmacological nutrients. Most polyphenols are flavanols, commonly known as catechins, which are present in high amounts in green tea. Catechins are promising candidates in the field of biomedicine. The health benefits of catechins, notably their antioxidant effects, are related to their chemical structure and the total number of hydroxyl groups. In addition, catechins possess strong activities against several pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. One major limitation of these compounds is low bioavailability. Catechins are poorly absorbed by intestinal barriers. Some protective mechanisms may be required to maintain or even increase the stability and bioavailability of these molecules within living organisms. Moreover, novel delivery systems, such as scaffolds, fibers, sponges, and capsules, have been proposed. This review focuses on the unique structures and bioactive properties of catechins and their role in inflammatory responses as well as provides a perspective on their use in future human health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana N Dos Santos
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Tatiana R de L Nascimento
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Brenna L C Gondim
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Marilia M A C Velo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renaly I de A Rêgo
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - José R do C Neto
- Post-Graduation Program in Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Machado
- Post-Graduation Program in Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Marcos V da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helvia W C de Araújo
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria G Fonseca
- Research Center for Fuels and Materials (NPE - LACOM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Lúcio R C Castellano
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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40
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Zhang M, Chen X, Radacsi N. New tricks of old drugs: Repurposing non-chemo drugs and dietary phytochemicals as adjuvants in anti-tumor therapies. J Control Release 2020; 329:96-120. [PMID: 33259852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy has long been applied to enhance therapeutic effect and deal with the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in cancer treatment. However, the overlapping toxicity of multiple anticancer drugs to healthy tissues and increasing financial burden on patients emerged as major concerns. As promising alternatives to chemo agents, repurposed non-chemo drugs and dietary phytochemicals have been investigated as adjuvants to conventional anti-tumor therapeutics, offering a safe and economic strategy for combination therapy. In this review, we aim to highlight the advances in research about combination therapy using conventional therapeutics and repurposed drugs or phytochemicals for an enhanced anti-tumor efficacy, along with the mechanisms involved in the synergism. Beyond these, we outlined the potential challenges and solutions for clinical translation of the proposed combination therapy, providing a safe and affordable strategy to improve the reach of cancer therapy to low income regions with such new tricks of old drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, University of Edinburgh, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom.
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom.
| | - Norbert Radacsi
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, University of Edinburgh, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom.
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Wu SC, Huang JW, Liang C. Reductive Degradation of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane with Alkaline Green Tea/Ferrous Ion in Aqueous Phase. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siang Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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42
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Kalalinia F, Amiri N, Mehrvarzian N, Fazly Bazzaz BS, Iranshahi M, Shahroodi A, Arabzadeh S, Abbaspour M, Badiee Aaval S, Movaffagh J. Topical green tea formulation with anti-hemorrhagic and antibacterial effects. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1085-1090. [PMID: 32952956 PMCID: PMC7478251 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.41397.9782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Potentially preventable death from uncontrolled hemorrhage clearly indicates the importance of simple, fast and efficient ways to achieving hemostasis. The aim of this study was to develop a topical formulation of green tea extract for reducing bleeding that can be helpful in hemorrhage control. Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of green tea was isolated from Camellia sinensis and formulated in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to achieve two concentrations of 2% and 4% v/v. Folin-Ciocalteau assay was used to determine the total amount of tannins in extract. Rheological behavior of solutions was investigated by measuring viscosity at shear rates of 0–200 sec−1. Quantitative and qualitative microbial limit tests and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay were done. The effect of formulations on bleeding time was evaluated in an animal model. Results: The total amount of tannin in green tea extract was 3.8% w/w and addition of green tea significantly increased the viscosity of PVA. The results of MIC assay showed that PVA could not inhibit the growth of bacteria, while, 716 µg/ml of green tea and 2860 µg/ml of green tea/PVA 4% inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In an animal study both 2% and 4% formulations were able to stop hemorrhage approximately at an equal time compared with tranexamic acid (TXA) 50 mg/ml as a control and the lowest bleeding time was 6.4±0.51 sec for green tea/PVA 4%. Conclusion: Based on our results, the topical formulation of green tea extract in PVA has a great potential for anti-hemorrhage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kalalinia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nafise Amiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Mehrvarzian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Shahroodi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Arabzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shapour Badiee Aaval
- Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, lran
| | - Jebrail Movaffagh
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zhang S, Cao M, Fang F. The Role of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Autophagy and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS)-Induced Apoptosis of Human Diseases. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924558. [PMID: 32952149 PMCID: PMC7504867 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea containing abundant catechins is a popular non-alcoholic beverage worldwide. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the predominately active substance in catechins, exhibiting a wide range of functional properties including cancer suppression, neuroprotective, metabolic regulation, cardiovascular protection, stress adjustment, and antioxidant in various diseases. Autophagy, a basic cell function, participates in various physiological processes which include clearing away abnormally folded proteins and damaged organelles, and regulating growth. EGCG not only regulates autophagy via increasing Beclin-1 expression and reactive oxygen species generation, but also causing LC3 transition and decreasing p62 expression. EGCG-induced autophagy is involved in the occurrence and development of many human diseases, including cancer, neurological diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and injury. Apoptosis is a common cell function in biology and is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) as a cellular stress response which is caused by various internal and external factors. ERS-induced apoptosis of EGCG influences cell survival and death in various diseases via regulating IRE1, ATF6, and PERK signaling pathways, and activating GRP78 and caspase proteins. The present manuscript reviews that the effect of EGCG in autophagy and ERS-induced apoptosis of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Mengke Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Zheng K, Guo K, Xu J, Liu W, Chen J, Xu C, Chen L. Study on the interaction between catechin and cholesterol by the density functional theory. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCatechin – a natural polyphenol substance – has excellent antioxidant properties for the treatment of diseases, especially for cholesterol lowering. Catechin can reduce cholesterol content in micelles by forming insoluble precipitation with cholesterol, thereby reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. In this study, to better understand the molecular mechanism of catechin and cholesterol, we studied the interaction between typical catechins and cholesterol by the density functional theory. Results show that the adsorption energies between the four catechins and cholesterol are obviously stronger than that of cholesterol themselves, indicating that catechin has an advantage in reducing cholesterol micelle formation. Moreover, it is found that the molecular interactions of the complexes are mainly due to charge transfer of the aromatic rings of the catechins as well as the hydrogen bond interactions. Unlike the intuitive understanding of a complex formed by hydrogen bond interaction, which is positively correlated with the number of hydrogen bonds, the most stable complexes (epicatechin–cholesterol or epigallocatechin–cholesterol) have only one but stronger hydrogen bond, due to charge transfer of the aromatic rings of catechins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Junlang Chen
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
| | - Can Xu
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China
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45
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Zhang X, Li J, Li Y, Liu Z, Lin Y, Huang JA. Anti-melanogenic effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) and gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCG) via down-regulation of cAMP/CREB /MITF signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells. Fitoterapia 2020; 145:104634. [PMID: 32454171 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tea catechins, the main bioactive polyphenols in green tea, are well known for their health promoting effects. Previous studies have shown that gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) exerted strong inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro, whilst EGCG inhibited melanogenesis in vivo, yet the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. In this study, we (i) evaluated and compared the inhibitory effects of the main tea catechins (GCG, EGCG, and ECG) on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells, and (ii) explain the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the tea catechins significantly suppressed tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells, where the effects of ECG > EGCG > GCG. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of the catechins were stronger than those of arbutin (AT), a well-known depigmenting agent. Moreover, GCG, EGCG, and ECG regulated the melanogenesis of B16F10 cells through the cAMP/CREB/MITF pathway. These results revealed catechins could be used as anti-melanogenic agents to protect cells from abnormal melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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Musial C, Kuban-Jankowska A, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Beneficial Properties of Green Tea Catechins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051744. [PMID: 32143309 PMCID: PMC7084675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea (Camellia sinesis) is widely known for its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Among the biologically active compounds contained in Camellia sinesis, the main antioxidant agents are catechins. Recent scientific research indicates that the number of hydroxyl groups and the presence of characteristic structural groups have a major impact on the antioxidant activity of catechins. The best source of these compounds is unfermented green tea. Depending on the type and origin of green tea leaves, their antioxidant properties may be uneven. Catechins exhibit the strong property of neutralizing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The group of green tea catechin derivatives includes: epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. The last of these presents the most potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential. Notably, green tea catechins are widely described to be efficient in the prevention of lung cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer. The current review aims to summarize the potential anticancer effects and molecular signaling pathways of major green tea catechins. It needs to be clearly emphasized that green tea as well as green tea catechols cannot replace the standard chemotherapy. Nonetheless, their beneficial effects may support the standard anticancer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Musial
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (C.M.); (A.K.-J.)
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (C.M.); (A.K.-J.)
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (C.M.); (A.K.-J.)
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Quan TH, Benjakul S, Hozzein WN. Quality and storage stability of fish tofu as affected by duck albumen hydrolysate-epigalocatechin gallate conjugate. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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48
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Sharifi-Rad M, Pezzani R, Redaelli M, Zorzan M, Imran M, Ahmed Khalil A, Salehi B, Sharopov F, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Preclinical Pharmacological Activities of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Signaling Pathways: An Update on Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:E467. [PMID: 31979082 PMCID: PMC7037968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the main bioactive component of catechins predominantly present in svarious types of teas. EGCG is well known for a wide spectrum of biological activity as an anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent. The effect of EGCG on cell death mechanisms via the induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy has been documented. Moreover, its anti-proliferative and chemopreventive action has been demonstrated in many cancer cell lines. It was also involved in the modulation of cyclooxygenase-2, in oxidative stress and inflammation of different cell processes. EGCG has been reported as a promising target for plasma membrane proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In addition, it has been demonstrated a mechanism of action relying on the inhibition of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). EGCG and its derivatives were used in proteasome inhibition and they were involved in epigenetic mechanisms. In summary, EGCG is the most predominant and bioactive constituent of teas and it has a pivotal role in cancer prevention. Its preclinical pharmacological activities are associated with complex molecular mechanisms that involve numerous signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran;
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, 35046 Padova, Italy;
| | - Marco Redaelli
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, 35046 Padova, Italy;
- Venetian Institute for Molecular Science and Experimental Technologies, VIMSET, Pz. Milani 4, Liettoli di Campolongo Maggiore (VE), 30010 Venice, Italy
| | - Maira Zorzan
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- Venetian Institute for Molecular Science and Experimental Technologies, VIMSET, Pz. Milani 4, Liettoli di Campolongo Maggiore (VE), 30010 Venice, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.I.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.I.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
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Vaiserman A, Koliada A, Zayachkivska A, Lushchak O. Nanodelivery of Natural Antioxidants: An Anti-aging Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:447. [PMID: 31998711 PMCID: PMC6965023 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process is known to be associated with heightened oxidative stress and related systemic inflammation. Therefore, antioxidant supplementation is regarded as a promising strategy to combat aging and associated pathological conditions. Food-grade antioxidants from plant-derived extracts are the most common ingredients of these supplements. Phyto-bioactive compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, catechins, quercetin are among the most commonly applied natural compounds used as potential modulators of the free radical-induced cellular damages. The therapeutic potential of these compounds is, however, restricted by their low bioavailability related to poor solubility, stability, and absorbance in gastrointestinal tract. Recently, novel nanotechnology-based systems were developed for therapeutic delivery of natural antioxidants with improved bioavailability and, consequently, efficacy in clinical practice. Such systems have provided many benefits in preclinical research over the conventional preparations, including superior solubility and stability, extended half-life, improved epithelium permeability and bioavailability, enhanced tissue targeting, and minimized side effects. The present review summarizes recent developments in nanodelivery of natural antioxidants and its application to combat pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vaiserman
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Koliada
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alina Zayachkivska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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50
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Wang CW, Chang SC, Liang C. Persistent organic pollutant lindane degradation by alkaline cold-brew green tea. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 232:281-286. [PMID: 31154189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The environmental persistence of hazardous organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) such as lindane has resulted in a need for the development of reliable remediation technology for the removal of OCPs. Green tea extract/Fe2+ under alkaline conditions is a potential green chemistry technology proven to be effective in reducing lindane. This study investigated the feasibility of directly using green tea leaves (GT-leaf) or cold-brew tea solution (GT-sol) with Fe2+ additives at (bi)carbonate buffered pH 10 to treat lindane in the aqueous phase. The polyphenol was gradually released in the GT-leaf system and reached a similar concentration as that in the GT-sol system (∼800 mg L-1 at pH 6.5). Based on the analytical results of lindane degradation byproducts, it was recognized that the reductive mechanism acts as a major pathway and alkaline hydrolysis is a minor pathway. However, physical adsorption rapidly removes lindane from the GT-leaf system. A comprehensive evaluation of lindane degradation, chlorobenzene formation, degradation kinetics, and chloride liberation were conducted for the alkaline GT-sol/Fe2+ system. The nonlinear simulations of the models developed showed good fits, with R2 > 0.96. This study highlights the potential for GT-sol/Fe2+ systems to remediate OCPs contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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