1
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Davis NS, Lawn JA, Preston RJ, Kosov DS. Current-driven mechanical motion of double stranded DNA results in structural instabilities and chiral-induced-spin-selectivity of electron transport. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:144107. [PMID: 39382131 DOI: 10.1063/5.0230466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral-induced-spin-selectivity of electron transport and its interplay with DNA's mechanical motion are explored in a double stranded DNA helix with spin-orbit-coupling. The mechanical degree of freedom is treated as a stochastic classical variable experiencing fluctuations and dissipation induced by the environment as well as force exerted by nonequilibrium, current-carrying electrons. Electronic degrees of freedom are described quantum mechanically using nonequilibrium Green's functions. Nonequilibrium Green's functions are computed along the trajectory for the classical variable taking into account dynamical, velocity dependent corrections. This mixed quantum-classical approach enables calculations of time-dependent spin-resolved currents. We showed that the electronic force may significantly modify the classical potential, which, at sufficient voltage, creates a bistable potential with a considerable effect on electronic transport. The DNA's mechanical motion has a profound effect on spin transport; it results in chiral-induced spin selectivity, increasing spin polarization of the current by 9% and also resulting in temperature-dependent current voltage characteristics. We demonstrate that the current noise measurement provides an accessible experimental means to monitor the emergence of mechanical instability in DNA motion. The spin resolved current noise also provides important dynamical information about the interplay between vibrational and spin degrees of freedom in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Davis
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Julian A Lawn
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Riley J Preston
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel S Kosov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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2
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Nakka N, Garg R, Bisht PS, Mondal AK. Electron Spin Polarization and Memory Effect in Supramolecular Gel Exclusively From Achiral Building Blocks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405691. [PMID: 39388455 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Chirality has been identified as a crucial component in achieving high spin selectivity in organic polymers and π-conjugated molecules. In particular, chiral polymers and supramolecular structures have emerged as promising candidates for spin filtering due to the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. However, the CISS effect in supramolecular systems has not been extensively investigated, despite its potential for applications in spintronics. In this work, for the first time, the potential applications of the CISS effect in supramolecular gel materials and shed light on its untapped possibilities have been successfully explored. The ability of supramolecular gel exclusively made from achiral building blocks to selectively filter electron's spin through the symmetry breaking has been demonstrated. Furthermore, this study shows that their spin filtering efficacy can be improved by using chiral solvents. More importantly, the CISS effect has been employed to explore a novel phenomenon referred to as the "spin memory effect", where the desired spin information is preserved by retaining the helicity even in the absence of the chiral solvent. These findings underscore the immense potential for spintronics applications that rely solely on achiral components, thereby paving the way for new possibilities in device design and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Nakka
- Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Rabia Garg
- Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Pravesh Singh Bisht
- Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
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3
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Chiesa A, Garlatti E, Mezzadri M, Celada L, Sessoli R, Wasielewski MR, Bittl R, Santini P, Carretta S. Many-Body Models for Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity in Electron Transfer. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:12133-12139. [PMID: 39306768 PMCID: PMC11450995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
We present the first microscopic model for the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect in electron-transfer, in which the internal degrees of freedom of the chiral bridge are explicitly included. By exactly solving this model on short chiral chains we demonstrate that a sizable spin polarization on the acceptor arises from the interplay of coherent and incoherent dynamics, with strong electron-electron correlations yielding many-body states on the bridge as crucial ingredients. Moreover, we include the coherent and incoherent dynamics induced by interactions with vibrational modes and show that they can play an important role in determining the long-time polarized state probed in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
(INSTM), I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Garlatti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
(INSTM), I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Mezzadri
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Celada
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
(INSTM), I-50121 Firenze, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “U. Schiff” (DICUS), Università degli Studi di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Robert Bittl
- Fachbereich
Physik, Berlin Joint EPR Lab, Freie Universität
Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
(INSTM), I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
(INSTM), I-50121 Firenze, Italy
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4
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Zhu Q, Cohen SR, Brontvein O, Fransson J, Naaman R. Magnetic Monopole-Like Behavior in Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Coated With Chiral Molecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2406631. [PMID: 39205548 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202406631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have attracted wide attention due to their promising applications in biomedicine, chemical catalysis, and magnetic memory devices. In this work, the force is measured between a single SPION coated with chiral molecules and a ferromagnetic substrate by atomic force microscopy (AFM), with the substrate magnetized either toward or away from the approaching AFM tip. The force between the coated SPION and the magnetic substrate depends on the handedness of the molecules adsorbed on the SPION and on the direction of the magnetization of the substrate. By inserting nm-scale spacing layers between the coated SPION and the magnetic substrate it is shown that the SPION has a short-range magnetic monopole-like magnetic field. A theoretical framework for the nature of this field is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Sidney R Cohen
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Olga Brontvein
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, 75120, Sweden
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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5
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Nguyen TNH, Salvan G, Hellwig O, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, Tegenkamp C. The mechanism of the molecular CISS effect in chiral nano-junctions. Chem Sci 2024; 15:d4sc04435e. [PMID: 39246376 PMCID: PMC11378035 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04435e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The chirality induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect has been up to now measured in a wide variety of systems but its exact mechanism is still under debate. Whether the spin polarization occurs at an interface layer or builds up in the helical molecule is yet not clear. Here we have investigated the current transmission through helical polyalanine molecules as a part of a tunnel junction realized with a scanning tunneling microscope. Depending on whether the molecules were chemisorbed directly on the magnetic Au/Co/Au substrate or at the STM Au-tip, the magnetizations of the Co layer had been oriented in the opposite direction in order to preserve the symmetry of the IV-curves. This is the first time that the CISS effect is demonstrated for a tunneling junction without a direct interface between the helical molecules and the magnetic substrate. Our results can be explained by a spin-polarized or spin-selective interface effect, induced and defined by the helicity and electric dipole orientation of the molecule at the interface. In this sense, the helical molecule does not act as a simple spin-filter or spin-polarizer and the CISS effect is not limited to spinterfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Ha Nguyen
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Olav Hellwig
- Functional Magnetic Materials, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem 91904 Jerusalem Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem 91904 Jerusalem Israel
| | | | - Christoph Tegenkamp
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany
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6
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Wang Y, Sun J, Sun N, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhang A, Wang L. The spin polarization strategy regulates heterogeneous catalytic activity performance: from fundamentals to applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7397-7413. [PMID: 38946499 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been significant attention towards the development of catalysts that exhibit superior performance and environmentally friendly attributes. This surge in interest is driven by the growing demands for energy utilization and storage as well as environmental preservation. Spin polarization plays a crucial role in catalyst design, comprehension of catalytic mechanisms, and reaction control, offering novel insights for the design of highly efficient catalysts. However, there are still some significant research gaps in the current study of spin catalysis. Therefore, it is urgent to understand how spin polarization impacts catalytic reactions to develop superior performance catalysts. Herein, we present a comprehensive summary of the application of spin polarization in catalysis. Firstly, we summarize the fundamental mechanism of spin polarization in catalytic reactions from two aspects of kinetics and thermodynamics. Additionally, we review the regulation mechanism of spin polarization in various catalytic applications and several approaches to modulate spin polarization. Moreover, we discuss the future development of spin polarization in catalysis and propose several potential avenues for further progress. We aim to improve current catalytic systems through implementing a novel and distinctive spin engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Junkang Sun
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Sun
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xianya Liu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Anlei Zhang
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Longlu Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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7
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Singh Bisht P, Garg R, Nakka N, Mondal AK. Spin Filtering and Amplification in Self-Assembled Nanofibers Based on Chiral Asymmetric Building Blocks. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6605-6610. [PMID: 38885451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The cooperativity in artificial self-assembling systems can be enhanced to expand their applications and redesign their properties. Recently, chiral molecules have garnered renewed attention due to their potential as highly efficient spin filters through the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. However, the potential of asymmetric building blocks based on chiral perylene diimides (PDIs) self-assembled materials to generate a spin-polarized current is still not widely acknowledged. In this work, we have demonstrated that nanofibers derived from "asymmetric PDIs" molecules have been found to exhibit promising spin-filtering property and the amplification of spin polarization at room temperature. Also, the exploration of chiral amplification and correlating it with the amplification of spin polarization have been reported for the first time through this work. These findings underscore the significance of self-assembled materials in the realm of spintronics, as they offer fascinating platforms with evolving structure-property relationship. It also provides the feasible possibility of enhancing the CISS-based spintronic devices that can accomplish controllability and high spin-filtering efficiency simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Singh Bisht
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rabia Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Nagaraju Nakka
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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8
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Funato T, Matsuo M, Kato T. Chirality-Induced Phonon-Spin Conversion at an Interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:236201. [PMID: 38905683 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.236201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
We consider spin injection driven by nonequilibrium chiral phonons from a chiral insulator into an adjacent metal. Phonon-spin conversion arises from the coupling of the electron spin with the microrotation associated with chiral phonons. We derive a microscopic formula for the spin injection rate at a metal-insulator interface. Our results clearly illustrate the microscopic origin of spin current generation by chiral phonons and may lead to a breakthrough in the development of spintronic devices without heavy elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Funato
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M Matsuo
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Kato
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
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9
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Dan S, Paramanik S, Pal AJ. Introducing Chiro-optical Activities in Photonic Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing and In-Memory Logic Operations. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14457-14468. [PMID: 38764188 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In artificial synaptic devices aimed at mimicking neuromorphic computing systems, electrical or optical pulses, or both, are generally used as stimuli. In this work, we introduce chiral materials for tailoring the characteristics of photonic synaptic devices to achieve handedness-dependent neuromorphic computing and in-memory logic gates. In devices based on a pair of chiral perovskites, the use of circularly polarized light (CPL) as the optical stimuli mimicked a series of electrical and opto-synaptic functionalities in order to emulate the multifunctional complex behavior of the human brain. Upon illumination in this two-terminal device, anisotropy in current has been observed due to the out-of-plane carrier transport, originating from spin-selective carrier transport. More importantly, the logic gate achieved in devices based on optoelectronic memristors turned out to be chirality-dependent; while an R-device functioned as an AND gate, the device based on the same perovskite of the opposite chirality (S-device) acted as a NOR gate toward in-memory logic operations. These findings in chiral perovskite-based artificial synapses can identify further strategies for future neuromorphic computing, vision simulation, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soirik Dan
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subham Paramanik
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amlan J Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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10
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Lee H, Lee CU, Yun J, Jeong CS, Jeong W, Son J, Park YS, Moon S, Lee S, Kim JH, Moon J. A dual spin-controlled chiral two-/three-dimensional perovskite artificial leaf for efficient overall photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4672. [PMID: 38824151 PMCID: PMC11144254 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxygen evolution reaction, which involves high overpotential and slow charge-transport kinetics, plays a critical role in determining the efficiency of solar-driven water splitting. The chiral-induced spin selectivity phenomenon has been utilized to reduce by-product production and hinder charge recombination. To fully exploit the spin polarization effect, we herein propose a dual spin-controlled perovskite photoelectrode. The three-dimensional (3D) perovskite serves as a light absorber while the two-dimensional (2D) chiral perovskite functions as a spin polarizer to align the spin states of charge carriers. Compared to other investigated chiral organic cations, R-/S-naphthyl ethylamine enable strong spin-orbital coupling due to strengthened π-π stacking interactions. The resulting naphthyl ethylamine-based chiral 2D/3D perovskite photoelectrodes achieved a high spin polarizability of 75%. Moreover, spin relaxation was prevented by employing a chiral spin-selective L-NiFeOOH catalyst, which enables the secondary spin alignment to promote the generation of triplet oxygen. This dual spin-controlled 2D/3D perovskite photoanode achieves a 13.17% of applied-bias photon-to-current efficiency. Here, after connecting the perovskite photocathode with L-NiFeOOH/S-naphthyl ethylamine 2D/3D photoanode in series, the resulting co-planar water-splitting device exhibited a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 12.55%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Uk Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seop Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Albano G, Portus L, Martinelli E, Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. Impact of Temperature on the Chiroptical Properties of Thin Films of Chiral Thiophene-based Oligomers. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300667. [PMID: 38339881 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
According to the theoretical model based on the Mueller matrix approach, the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) for thin films of chiral organic dyes can be expressed as the sum of several contributions, two of which are the most significant: 1) an intrinsic component (CDiso) invariant upon sample orientation, reflecting the molecular and/or supramolecular chirality, due to 3D-chiral nanoscopic structures; 2) a non-reciprocal component (LDLB) which inverts its sign upon sample flipping, which arises from the interaction of linear dichroism and linear birefringence in locally anisotropic domains, expression of 2D-chiral micro/mesoscopic structures. In this work, we followed in parallel through ECD and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) the temperature evolution of the supramolecular arrangements of thin films of five structurally related chiral thiophene-based oligomers with different LDLB/CDiso ratio. By increasing the temperature, regardless of phase transitions observed by DSC analysis, systems with strong CDiso revealed no changes in the ECD spectrum, while compounds with dominant LDLB contribution underwent a gradual (and reversible) reduction of (apparent) ECD signals. These findings demonstrated that the concomitant occurrence of intrinsic and non-reciprocal components in the ECD spectrum of thin films of chiral organic dyes is strictly correlated with solid-state organizations of different stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Portus
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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12
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Yang T, Qin Y, Wu M, Guo L, Gu X, Meng K, Hu S, Zhang C, Zheng R, Zhang R, Sun X. Structural Isomeric Effect on Spin Transport in Molecular Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402001. [PMID: 38597787 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Molecular semiconductor (MSC) is a promising candidate for spintronic applications benefiting from its long spin lifetime caused by light elemental-composition essence and thus weak spin-orbit coupling (SOC). According to current knowledge, the SOC effect, normally dominated by the elemental composition, is the main spin-relaxation causation in MSCs, and thus the molecular structure-induced SOC change is one of the most concerned issues. In theoretical study, molecular isomerism, a most prototype phenomenon, has long been considered to possess little difference on spin transport previously, since elemental compositions of isomers are totally the same. However, here in this study, quite different spin-transport performances are demonstrated in ITIC and its structural isomers BDTIC experimentally, for the first time, though the charge transport and molecular stacking of the two films are very similar. By further experiments of electron-paramagnetic resonance and density-functional-theory calculations, it is revealed that noncovalent-conformational locks (NCLs) formed in BDTIC can lead to enhancement of SOC and thus decrease the spin lifetime. Hence, this study suggests the influences from the structural-isomeric effect must be considered for developing highly efficient spin-transport MSCs, which also provides a reliable theoretical basis for solving the great challenge of quantificational measurement of NCLs in films in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yang Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xianrong Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ke Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shunhua Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ruiheng Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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13
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Bogdan A, Moraru IT, Vanthuyne N, Auban-Senzier P, Grosu I, Avarvari N, Pop F. Chiral Spiro-Tetrathiafulvalenes: Synthesis, Chiroptical Properties, Conformational Issues and Charge Transfer Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400564. [PMID: 38525656 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Within this work we have investigated spiro-based tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) obtained as mixtures of stereoisomers from racemic spiro[5.5]undeca-1,8-dien-3-one. Compared to previously described spiro-TTFs, enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric forms have been here separated by chiral HPLC and fully characterized both experimentally and theoretically. The two types of spiro-based chiral derivatives contain either one (2) or three (1) chiral centres out of each one is spiro-type. Experimental CD, supported by TD-DFT calculations, shows differences in the optical activity between the 1 and 2 and their intermediates. The low optical activity of 2 and 3 (spiro alone chirality) was attributed to the presence of two conformers in the solution (ax and eq) of opposite Cotton effect whereas in the case of 1 and 5 (spiro and stereogenic centres) the spiro chirality seems to be responsible of the Cotton effect in the high energy region whereas the R and S chirality in the low energy region. Racemic and enantiopure forms have been successfully used for the synthesis of charge transfer complexes with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) based acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bogdan
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and SOOMCC, Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ionut-Tudor Moraru
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, UAR, 1739, FSCM, Chiropole, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Auban-Senzier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 8502, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ion Grosu
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and SOOMCC, Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Flavia Pop
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
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14
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Guo L, Hu S, Gu X, Zhang R, Wang K, Yan W, Sun X. Emerging Spintronic Materials and Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301854. [PMID: 37309258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The explosive growth of the information era has put forward urgent requirements for ultrahigh-speed and extremely efficient computations. In direct contrary to charge-based computations, spintronics aims to use spins as information carriers for data storage, transmission, and decoding, to help fully realize electronic device miniaturization and high integration for next-generation computing technologies. Currently, many novel spintronic materials have been developed with unique properties and multifunctionalities, including organic semiconductors (OSCs), organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), and 2D materials (2DMs). These materials are useful to fulfill the demand for developing diverse and advanced spintronic devices. Herein, these promising materials are systematically reviewed for advanced spintronic applications. Due to the distinct chemical and physical structures of OSCs, OIHPs, and 2DMs, their spintronic properties (spin transport and spin manipulation) are discussed separately. In addition, some multifunctionalities due to photoelectric and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) are overviewed, including the spin-filter effect, spin-photovoltaics, spin-light emitting devices, and spin-transistor functions. Subsequently, challenges and future perspectives of using these multifunctional materials for the development of advanced spintronics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shunhua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xianrong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG9 2RD, UK
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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15
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Parashar RK, Jash P, Zharnikov M, Mondal PC. Metal-organic Frameworks in Semiconductor Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317413. [PMID: 38252076 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a specific class of hybrid, crystalline, nano-porous materials made of metal-ion-based 'nodes' and organic linkers. Most of the studies on MOFs largely focused on porosity, chemical and structural diversity, gas sorption, sensing, drug delivery, catalysis, and separation applications. In contrast, much less reports paid attention to understanding and tuning the electrical properties of MOFs. Poor electrical conductivity of MOFs (~10-7-10-10 S cm-1), reported in earlier studies, impeded their applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and renewable energy storage. To overcome this drawback, the MOF community has adopted several intriguing strategies for electronic applications. The present review focuses on creatively designed bulk MOFs and surface-anchored MOFs (SURMOFs) with different metal nodes (from transition metals to lanthanides), ligand functionalities, and doping entities, allowing tuning and enhancement of electrical conductivity. Diverse platforms for MOFs-based electronic device fabrications, conductivity measurements, and underlying charge transport mechanisms are also addressed. Overall, the review highlights the pros and cons of MOFs-based electronics (MOFtronics), followed by an analysis of the future directions of research, including optimization of the MOF compositions, heterostructures, electrical contacts, device stacking, and further relevant options which can be of interest for MOF researchers and result in improved devices performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeev Kumar Parashar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Priyajit Jash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prakash Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
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16
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Kumar A, Majumder S. Silver induced chirality controlled spin filtration observed in ss-DNA functionalized with MoS2. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:124702. [PMID: 38516978 DOI: 10.1063/5.0192066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules can exhibit strong spin-orbit coupling, which can result in a large spin polarization. This is due to the fact that the energy levels of the electrons in a chiral molecule are strongly influenced by the chiral structure of the molecule, which can result in the separation of the energy levels for electrons with different spin orientations. We report a controlled spin-selective transmission of electrons through 20 base-paired poly-cytosine molecules functionalized with MoS2 flakes on ITO glass via the quantum mechanical tunneling effect. A reversion in spin polarization was observed after the silver ions interact with poly-cytosine due to the strong coordination of Ag(I) with cytosine-cytosine (C-C) mismatches, indicating the formation of duplex structural motifs, as confirmed by the circular dichroism spectroscopy at room temperature. Manipulating the spin of an electron through such a small molecule merely controlled by special cations could pave the way for major advances in spin-independent charge transport, advanced bioanalytical system design, and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinandan Kumar
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Patna 800005, India
| | - Subrata Majumder
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Patna 800005, India
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17
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Mishra S, Bowes EG, Majumder S, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H, Jones AC. Inducing Circularly Polarized Single-Photon Emission via Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8663-8672. [PMID: 38484339 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
One of the central aims of the field of spintronics is the control of individual electron spins to effectively manage the transmission of quantized data. One well-known mechanism for controlling electronic spin transport is the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect in which a helical nanostructure imparts a preferential spin orientation on the electronic transport. One potential application of the CISS effect is as a transduction pathway between electronic spin and circularly polarized light within nonreciprocal photonic devices. In this work, we identify and quantify the degree of chiral-induced spin-selective electronic transport in helical polyaniline films using magnetoconductive atomic force microscopy (mcAFM). We then induce circularly polarized quantum light emission from CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots placed on these films, demonstrating a degree of circular polarization of up to ∼21%. Utilizing time-resolved photoluminescence microscopy, we measure the radiative lifetime difference associated with left- and right-handed circular polarizations of single emitters. These lifetime differences, in combination with Kelvin probe mapping of the variation of surface potential with magnetization of the substrate, help establish an energy level diagram describing the spin-dependent transport pathways that enable the circularly polarized photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakant Mishra
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Eric G Bowes
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Somak Majumder
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Han Htoon
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew C Jones
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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18
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Bloom BP, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1950-1991. [PMID: 38364021 PMCID: PMC10906005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure-property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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19
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Jang G, Jo DY, Ma S, Lee J, Son J, Lee CU, Jeong W, Yang S, Park JH, Yang H, Moon J. Core-Shell Perovskite Quantum Dots for Highly Selective Room-Temperature Spin Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309335. [PMID: 37996975 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized light (CPL) is a crucial light source with a wide variety of potential applications such as magnetic recording, and 3D display. Here, core-shell heterostructured perovskite quantum dots (QDs) for room-temperature spin-polarized light-emitting diodes (spin-LEDs) are developed. Specifically, a 2D chiral perovskite shell is deposited onto the achiral 3D inorganic perovskite (CsPbBr3 ) core. Owing to the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, the spin state of the injected charge carriers is biased when they are transmitted through the 2D chiral shell. The spin-controlled carriers then radiatively recombine inside the CsPbBr3 emissive core, resulting in CPL emission. It is demonstrated that the (R)- and (S)-1-(2-(naphthyl)ethylamine) (R-/S-NEA) 2D chiral cations enhance the spin polarization degree due to their strong chiroptical properties. Systematical defect analyses confirm that 2D chiral cations (i.e., R-/S-NEA) successfully passivate halide vacancies at the surface of the CsPbBr3 QDs, thereby attaining a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 78%. Moreover, the spin-LEDs prepared with core-shell QDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency of 5.47% and circularly polarized electroluminescence with a polarization degree (PCP-EL ) of 12% at room temperature. Finally, various patterns fabricated by inkjet printing the core-shell QDs emit strong CPL, highlighting their potential as an emitter for next-generation displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyumin Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunihl Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Junwoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Uk Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeon Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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20
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Dunlap-Shohl WA, Tabassum N, Zhang P, Shiby E, Beratan DN, Waldeck DH. Electron-donating functional groups strengthen ligand-induced chiral imprinting on CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. Sci Rep 2024; 14:336. [PMID: 38172244 PMCID: PMC10764765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral perovskite nanoparticles and films are promising for integration in emerging spintronic and optoelectronic technologies, yet few design rules exist to guide the development of chiral material properties. The chemical space of potential building blocks for these nanostructures is vast, and the mechanisms through which organic ligands can impart chirality to the inorganic perovskite lattice are not well understood. In this work, we investigate how the properties of chiral ammonium ligands, the most common organic ligand type used with perovskites, affect the circular dichroism of strongly quantum confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. We show that aromatic ammonium ligands with stronger electron-donating groups lead to higher-intensity circular dichroism associated with the lowest-energy excitonic transition of the perovskite nanocrystal. We argue that this behavior is best explained by a modulation of the exciton wavefunction overlap between the nanocrystal and the organic ligand, as the functional groups on the ligand can shift electron density toward the organic species-perovskite lattice interface to increase the imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazifa Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, 27708, USA
| | - Elizabeth Shiby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
| | - David N Beratan
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, 27705, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, 27710, USA
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA.
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21
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Stefani A, Bogdan A, Pop F, Tassinari F, Pasquali L, Fontanesi C, Avarvari N. Spin-dependent electrochemistry and electrochemical enantioselective recognition with chiral methylated bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalenes. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:204706. [PMID: 38014785 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantio-discrimination and spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), as a manifestation of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, are important phenomena that can be probed by "chiral" electrochemistry. Here, we prepared chiralized surfaces of gold and nickel, to serve as working electrodes, through effective chemisorption of enantiopure dimethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-BEDT-TTF) 1, tetramethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-BEDT-TTF) 2, and their capped silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) aggregate by simple incubation of the metallic substrates. The effective chemisorption was checked by means of ultrahigh vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by electro-desorption experiments, i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans showing a first electro-desorption peak at about -1.0 V. The Au|1 and Au|2 chiral electrodes were successfully used in CV experiments exploiting chiral redox probes. Finally, the hybrid interfaces Ni|enantiopure 1 or 2|AgNPs served as working electrodes in SDE experiments. In particular, the hybrid chiral interfaces Ni|(R)-2|AgNPs and Ni|(S)-2|AgNPs exhibited a significant spin-filtering ability, as a manifestation of the CISS effect, with average spin polarization values of 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stefani
- Department of Physics, (FIM), University of Modena, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alexandra Bogdan
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SOOMCC, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania and SOOMCC, Romania
| | - Flavia Pop
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Earth Science, (DSCG), University of Modena, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, Km. 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
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22
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Ko CH, Zhu Q, Bullard G, Tassinari F, Morisue M, Naaman R, Therien MJ. Electron Spin Polarization and Rectification Driven by Chiral Perylene Diimide-Based Nanodonuts. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10271-10277. [PMID: 37939254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect allows thin-film layers of chiral conjugated molecules to function as spin filters at ambient temperature. Through solvent-modulated dropcasting of chiral l- and d-perylene diimide (PDI) monomeric building blocks, two types of aggregate morphologies, nanofibers and nanodonuts, may be realized. Spin-diode behavior is evidenced in the nanodonut structures. Stacked PDI units, which form the conjugated core of these nanostructures, dominate the nanodonut-Au electrode contact; in contrast, the AFM tip contacts largely the high-resistance solubilizing alkyl chains of the chiral monomers that form these nanodonuts. Current-voltage responses of the nanodonuts, measured by magnetic conductive AFM (mC-AFM), demonstrate substantial spin polarizations as well as spin current rectification ratios (>10) that exceed the magnitudes of those determined to date for other chiral nanoscale systems. These results underscore the potential for chiral nanostructures, featuring asymmetric molecular junctions, to enable CISS-based nanoscale spin current rectifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - George Bullard
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mitsuhiko Morisue
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michael J Therien
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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23
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Zhou Y, Bai T, Duan Y. Chiral mesostructured NiFe 2O 4 films with chirality induced spin selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13207-13210. [PMID: 37853755 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Chiral mesostructured NiFe2O4 films (CMNFFs) were synthesized using L-/D-tyrosine as symmetry-breaking and structure-directing agents through a hydrothermal method. For the first time, chirality induced spin selectivity was directly observed in these ferrimagnetic materials using chirality-dependent magnetic-tip conducting atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhou
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Te Bai
- Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology, 8 Xinxi Road, Wuxi, 214028, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Duan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
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24
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Niman CM, Sukenik N, Dang T, Nwachukwu J, Thirumurthy MA, Jones AK, Naaman R, Santra K, Das TK, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, El-Naggar MY. Bacterial extracellular electron transfer components are spin selective. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:145101. [PMID: 37811828 DOI: 10.1063/5.0154211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-reducing bacteria have adapted the ability to respire extracellular solid surfaces instead of soluble oxidants. This process requires an electron transport pathway that spans from the inner membrane, across the periplasm, through the outer membrane, and to an external surface. Multiheme cytochromes are the primary machinery for moving electrons through this pathway. Recent studies show that the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is observable in some of these proteins extracted from the model metal-reducing bacteria, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. It was hypothesized that the CISS effect facilitates efficient electron transport in these proteins by coupling electron velocity to spin, thus reducing the probability of backscattering. However, these studies focused exclusively on the cell surface electron conduits, and thus, CISS has not been investigated in upstream electron transfer components such as the membrane-associated MtrA, or periplasmic proteins such as small tetraheme cytochrome (STC). By using conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements of protein monolayers adsorbed onto ferromagnetic substrates, we show that electron transport is spin selective in both MtrA and STC. Moreover, we have determined the spin polarization of MtrA to be ∼77% and STC to be ∼35%. This disparity in spin polarizations could indicate that spin selectivity is length dependent in heme proteins, given that MtrA is approximately two times longer than STC. Most significantly, our study indicates that spin-dependent interactions affect the entire extracellular electron transport pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Niman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Nir Sukenik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Tram Dang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
| | - Justus Nwachukwu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Miyuki A Thirumurthy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Anne K Jones
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kakali Santra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tapan K Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Institute of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | | | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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25
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Zhang Y, Wang G, Liu F, Shang Z, Li T, Yang Q, Zhai T, Wang X. Chirality detection of biological molecule through spin selectivity effect. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114703. [PMID: 37721328 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to accurately monitor chiral biological molecules is of great significance for their potential applications in disease diagnosis and virus detection. As the existing chiral detection technologies are mainly relying on an optical method by using left/right circularly polarized light, the universality is low and the operation is complicated. Moreover, large quantity of chiral molecules is required, causing low detection efficiency. Here, a self-assembled monolayer of polypeptides has been fabricated to realize trace detection of chirality based on spin selectivity of photon-electron interaction. We have utilized Kerr technique to detect the rotation angle by the molecular monolayer, which indicates the chirality of polypeptides. The chiral structure of a biological molecule could result in spin-selectivity of electrons and thus influence the interaction between electron spin and light polarization. A Kerr rotation angle of ∼3° has been obviously observed, equivalent to the magneto-optic Kerr effect without magnetic material or magnetic field. Furthermore, we have provided a novel solution to achieve chirality discrimination and amplification simultaneously through an optical fiber. The proposed design is applicable for chiral detection via increasing their differential output signal, which clearly demonstrates a useful strategy toward chirality characterization of biological molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zixuan Shang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tianrui Zhai
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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26
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Vaccaro PH, Xu Y. Virtual Issue on Chiroptical Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7677-7681. [PMID: 37732338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c05566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H Vaccaro
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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27
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Privitera A, Faccio D, Giuri D, Latawiec EI, Genovese D, Tassinari F, Mummolo L, Chiesa M, Fontanesi C, Salvadori E, Cornia A, Wasielewski MR, Tomasini C, Sessoli R. Challenges in the Direct Detection of Chirality-induced Spin Selectivity: Investigation of Foldamer-based Donor-acceptor Dyads. Chemistry 2023:e202301005. [PMID: 37677125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was reported in several experiments disclosing a unique connection between chirality and electron spin. Recent theoretical works highlighted time-resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (trEPR) as a powerful tool to directly detect the spin polarization resulting from CISS. Here, we report a first attempt to detect CISS at the molecular level by linking the pyrene electron donor to the fullerene acceptor with chiral peptide bridges of different length and electric dipole moment. The dyads are investigated by an array of techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, steady-state and transient optical spectroscopies, and trEPR. Despite the promising energy alignment of the electronic levels, our multi-technique analysis reveals no evidence of electron transfer (ET), highlighting the challenges of spectroscopic detection of CISS. However, the analysis allows the formulation of guidelines for the design of chiral organic model systems suitable to directly probe CISS-polarized ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Privitera
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Faccio
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Demetra Giuri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabeth I Latawiec
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Damiano Genovese
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and, INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Liviana Mummolo
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "E. Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and, INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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28
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García-Blázquez MA, Dednam W, Palacios JJ. Nonequilibrium Magneto-Conductance as a Manifestation of Spin Filtering in Chiral Nanojunctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7931-7939. [PMID: 37646507 PMCID: PMC10494227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that spin-dependent electron transmission may appear in chiral systems, even without magnetic components, as long as significant spin-orbit coupling is present in some of its elements. However, how this chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) manifests in experiments, where the system is taken out of equilibrium, is still debated. Aided by group theoretical considerations and nonequilibrium DFT-based quantum transport calculations, here we show that when spatial symmetries that forbid a finite spin polarization in equilibrium are broken, a net spin accumulation appears at finite bias in an arbitrary two-terminal nanojunction. Furthermore, when a suitably magnetized detector is introduced into the system, the net spin accumulation, in turn, translates into a finite magneto-conductance. The symmetry prerequisites are mostly analogous to those for the spin polarization at any bias with the vectorial nature given by the direction of magnetization, hence establishing an interconnection between these quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. García-Blázquez
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - W. Dednam
- Department
of Physics, Science Campus, University of
South Africa, Florida
Park, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - J. J. Palacios
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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29
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Kumar Das T, Mondal AK, Tiwari OS, Makam P, Leitus G, Gazit E, Claudio F, Naaman R. Spin-induced electron transmission through metal-organic chiral crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22124-22129. [PMID: 37563955 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic Co(II)-phenylalanine crystals were studied and were found to possess magnetic properties and long-range spin transport. Magnetic measurements confirmed that in the crystals there are antiferromagnetic interactions between Co(II) and the lattice. The metal-organic crystals (MOCs) also present the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect at room temperature. A long-range spin polarization is observed using a magnetic conductive-probe atomic force microscope. The spin polarization is found to be in the range of 35-45%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Om Shanker Tiwari
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Pandeeswar Makam
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Fontanesi Claudio
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
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30
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Baljozović M, Arnoldi B, Grass S, Lacour J, Aeschlimann M, Stadtmüller B, Ernst KH. Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of heptahelicene layers on Cu(111) surfaces. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044701. [PMID: 37486054 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated previously that electrons interact differently with chiral molecules depending on their polarization. For enantiomeric pure monolayers of heptahelicene, opposite asymmetries in spin polarization were reported and attributed to the so-called chirality-induced spin selectivity effect. However, these promising proof-of-concept photoemission experiments lack the angular and energy resolution that could provide the necessary insights into the mechanism of this phenomenon. In order to fill in the missing gaps, we provide a detailed spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of heptahelicene layers on a Cu(111) substrate. Throughout the large accessible energy and angle range, no chirality induced spin asymmetry in photoemission could be observed. Possible reasons for the absence of signatures of the spin-dependent electron transmission through the chiral molecular layer are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baljozović
- Molecular Surface Science Group, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - B Arnoldi
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - S Grass
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - J Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - B Stadtmüller
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Institute of Physics Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K-H Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science Group, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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31
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Ai M, Pan L, Shi C, Huang ZF, Zhang X, Mi W, Zou JJ. Spin selection in atomic-level chiral metal oxide for photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4562. [PMID: 37507418 PMCID: PMC10382512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The spin degree of freedom is an important and intrinsic parameter in boosting carrier dynamics and surface reaction kinetics of photocatalysis. Here we show that chiral structure in ZnO can induce spin selectivity effect to promote photocatalytic performance. The ZnO crystals synthesized using chiral methionine molecules as symmetry-breaking agents show hierarchical chirality. Magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopic and magnetic conductive-probe atomic force microscopic measurements demonstrate that chiral structure acts as spin filters and induces spin polarization in photoinduced carriers. The polarized carriers not only possess the prolonged carrier lifetime, but also increase the triplet species instead of singlet byproducts during reaction. Accordingly, the left- and right-hand chiral ZnO exhibit 2.0- and 1.9-times higher activity in photocatalytic O2 production and 2.5- and 2.0-times higher activities in contaminant photodegradation, respectively, compared with achiral ZnO. This work provides a feasible strategy to manipulate the spin properties in metal oxides for electron spin-related redox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Ai
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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32
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Xu Y, Mi W. Chiral-induced spin selectivity in biomolecules, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and inorganic materials: a comprehensive review on recent progress. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1924-1955. [PMID: 36989068 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The two spin states of electrons are degenerate in nonmagnetic materials. The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect provides a new strategy for manipulating electron's spin and a deeper understanding of spin selective processes in organisms. Here, we summarize the important discoveries and recent experiments performed during the development of the CISS effect, analyze the spin polarized transport in various types of materials and discuss the mechanisms, theoretical calculations, experimental techniques and biological significance of the CISS effect. The first part of this review concisely presents a general overview of the discoveries and importance of the CISS effect, laws and underlying mechanisms of which are discussed in the next section, where several classical experimental methods for detecting the CISS effect are also introduced. Based on the organic and inorganic properties of materials, the CISS effect of organic biomolecules, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and inorganic materials are reviewed in the third, fourth and fifth sections, especially the chiral transfer mechanism of hybrid materials and the relationship between the CISS effect and life science. In addition, conclusions and prospective future of the CISS effect are outlined at the end, where the development and applications of the CISS effect in spintronics are directly described, which is helpful for designing promising chiral spintronic devices and understanding the natural status of chirality from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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33
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Fay TP, Limmer DT. Spin selective charge recombination in chiral donor-bridge-acceptor triads. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2890465. [PMID: 37184005 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we outline a physically motivated framework for describing spin-selective recombination processes in chiral systems, from which we derive spin-selective reaction operators for recombination reactions of donor-bridge-acceptor molecules, where the electron transfer is mediated by chirality and spin-orbit coupling. In general, the recombination process is selective only for spin-coherence between singlet and triplet states, and it is not, in general, selective for spin polarization. We find that spin polarization selectivity only arises in hopping-mediated electron transfer. We describe how this effective spin-polarization selectivity is a consequence of spin-polarization generated transiently in the intermediate state. The recombination process also augments the coherent spin dynamics of the charge separated state, which is found to have a significant effect on the recombination dynamics and to destroy any long-lived spin polarization. Although we only consider a simple donor-bridge-acceptor system, the framework we present here can be straightforwardly extended to describe spin-selective recombination processes in more complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Fay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - David T Limmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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34
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Yang C, Li Y, Zhou S, Guo Y, Jia C, Liu Z, Houk KN, Dubi Y, Guo X. Real-time monitoring of reaction stereochemistry through single-molecule observations of chirality-induced spin selectivity. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01212-2. [PMID: 37188972 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Stereochemistry has an essential role in organic synthesis, biological catalysis and physical processes. In situ chirality identification and asymmetric synthesis are non-trivial tasks, especially for single-molecule systems. However, going beyond the chiral characterization of a large number of molecules (which inevitably leads to ensemble averaging) is crucial for elucidating the different properties induced by the chiral nature of the molecules. Here we report direct monitoring of chirality variations during a Michael addition followed by proton transfer and keto-enol tautomerism in a single molecule. Taking advantage of the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect, continuous current measurements through a single-molecule junction revealed in situ chirality variations during the reaction. Chirality identification at a high sensitivity level provides a promising tool for the study of symmetry-breaking reactions and sheds light on the origin of the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuyao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Yonatan Dubi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Dednam W, García-Blázquez MA, Zotti LA, Lombardi EB, Sabater C, Pakdel S, Palacios JJ. A Group-Theoretic Approach to the Origin of Chirality-Induced Spin-Selectivity in Nonmagnetic Molecular Junctions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6452-6465. [PMID: 36947721 PMCID: PMC10100547 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling gives rise to a range of spin-charge interconversion phenomena in nonmagnetic systems where certain spatial symmetries are reduced or absent. Chirality-induced spin-selectivity (CISS), a term that generically refers to a spin-dependent electron transfer in nonmagnetic chiral systems, is one such case, appearing in a variety of seemingly unrelated situations ranging from inorganic materials to molecular devices. In particular, the origin of CISS in molecular junctions is a matter of an intense current debate. Here, we derive a set of geometrical conditions for this effect to appear, hinting at the fundamental role of symmetries beyond otherwise relevant quantitative issues. Our approach, which draws on the use of point-group symmetries within the scattering formalism for transport, shows that electrode symmetries are as important as those of the molecule when it comes to the emergence of a spin-polarization and, by extension, to the possible appearance of CISS. It turns out that standalone metallic nanocontacts can exhibit spin-polarization when relative rotations which reduce the symmetry are introduced. As a corollary, molecular junctions with achiral molecules can also exhibit spin-polarization along the direction of transport, provided that the whole junction is chiral in a specific way. This formalism also allows the prediction of qualitative changes of the spin-polarization upon substitution of a chiral molecule in the junction with its enantiomeric partner. Quantum transport calculations based on density functional theory corroborate all of our predictions and provide further quantitative insight within the single-particle framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Dednam
- Department
of Physics, Florida Science Campus, University
of South Africa, 1710 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M. A. García-Blázquez
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda A. Zotti
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. B. Lombardi
- Department
of Physics, Florida Science Campus, University
of South Africa, 1710 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C. Sabater
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada and Unidad asociada CSIC, Universidad de Alicante, E-03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - S. Pakdel
- CAMD, Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J. J. Palacios
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Nicolás Cabrera (INC) and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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36
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Vadakkayil A, Clever C, Kunzler KN, Tan S, Bloom BP, Waldeck DH. Chiral electrocatalysts eclipse water splitting metrics through spin control. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1067. [PMID: 36828840 PMCID: PMC9958132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Continual progress in technologies that rely on water splitting are often hampered by the slow kinetics associated with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we show that the efficiency of top-performing catalysts can be improved, beyond typical thermodynamic considerations, through control over reaction intermediate spin alignment during electrolysis. Spin alignment is achieved using the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect and the improvement in OER manifests as an increase in Faradaic efficiency, decrease in reaction overpotential, and change in the rate determining step for chiral nanocatalysts over compositionally analogous achiral nanocatalysts. These studies illustrate that a defined spatial orientation of the nanocatalysts is not necessary to exhibit spin selectivity and therefore represent a viable platform for employing the transformative role of chirality in other reaction pathways and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Vadakkayil
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Caleb Clever
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Karli N. Kunzler
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Susheng Tan
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Petersen Institute of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - David H. Waldeck
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Petersen Institute of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
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37
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Metzger T, Batchu H, Kumar A, Fedotov DA, Goren N, Bhowmick DK, Shioukhi I, Yochelis S, Schapiro I, Naaman R, Gidron O, Paltiel Y. Optical Activity and Spin Polarization: The Surface Effect. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3972-3977. [PMID: 36765468 PMCID: PMC11139380 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Chirality ('handedness') is a property that underlies a broad variety of phenomena in nature. Chiral molecules appear in two forms, and each is a mirror image of the other, the two enantiomers. The chirality of molecules is associated with their optical activity, and circular dichroism is commonly applied to identify the handedness of chiral molecules. Recently, the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was established, according to which transfer of electrons within chiral molecules depends on the electron's spin. Which spin is preferred depends on the handedness of the chiral molecule and the direction of motion of the electron. Several experiments in the past indicated that there may be a relation between the optical activity of the molecules and their spin selectivity. Here, we show that for a molecule containing several stereogenic axes, when adsorbed on a metal substrate, the peaks in the CD spectra have the same signs for the two enantiomers. This is not the case when the molecules are adsorbed on a nonmetallic substrate or dissolved in solution. Quantum chemical simulations are able to explain the change in the CD spectra upon adsorption of the molecules on conductive and nonconductive surfaces. Surprisingly, the CISS properties are similar for the two enantiomers when adsorbed on the metal substrate, while when the molecules are adsorbed on nonmetallic surface, the preferred spin depends on the molecule handedness. This correlation between the optical activity and the CISS effect indicates that the CISS effect relates to the global polarizability of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzuriel
S. Metzger
- Department
of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Harikrishna Batchu
- Institute
of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew
University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Daniil A. Fedotov
- Institute
of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew
University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Naama Goren
- Department
of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Israa Shioukhi
- Institute
of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew
University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department
of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Igor Schapiro
- Institute
of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew
University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ori Gidron
- Institute
of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew
University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department
of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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38
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia
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39
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Sang Y, Zhu Q, Zhou X, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Liu M. Ultrasound-Directed Symmetry Breaking and Spin Filtering of Supramolecular Assemblies from only Achiral Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215867. [PMID: 36522559 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the self-assembly of an achiral molecule into macroscopic helicity as well as the emergent chiral-selective spin-filtering effect. It was found that a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) motif with an aminopyridine group in each arm could coordinate with AgI and self-assemble into nanospheres. Upon sonication, symmetry breaking occurred and the nanospheres transferred into helical nanofibers with strong CD signals. Although the sign of the CD signals appeared randomly, it could be controlled by using the as-made chiral assemblies as a seed. Furthermore, it was found that the charge transport of the helical nanofibers was highly selective with a spin-polarization transport of up to 45 %, although the chiral nanofibers are composed exclusively from achiral building blocks. This work demonstrates symmetry breaking under sonication and the chiral-selective spin-filtering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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40
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Zhu H, Wang Q, Sun K, Chen W, Tang J, Hao J, Wang Z, Sun J, Choy WCH, Müller-Buschbaum P, Sun XW, Wu D, Wang K. Solvent Modulation of Chiral Perovskite Films Enables High Circularly Polarized Luminescence Performance from Chiral Perovskite/Quantum Dot Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9978-9986. [PMID: 36753711 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Materials with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) activity are promising in many chiroptoelectronics fields, such as for biological probes, asymmetric photosynthesis, information storage, spintronic devices, and so on. Promoting the value of the dissymmetry factor (glum) for the CPL-active materials based on chiral perovskite draws increasing attention since a higher glum value indicates better CPL. In this work, we find that, after being treated with a facile solvent modulation strategy, the chirality of 2D chiral perovskite films has been enhanced a lot, which we attribute to an increased lattice distortion degree. By forming chiral perovskite/quantum dot (QD) composites, the CPL-active material is successfully obtained. The calculated maximum |glum| of these composites increased over 4 times after solvent modulation treatment (1.53 × 10-3 for the pristine sample of R-DMF and 6.91 × 10-3 for R-NMP) at room temperature. Moreover, the enhancement of the CPL intensity is ascribed to two aspects: one is the generation and transportation of spin-polarized charge carriers from chiral perovskite films to combine in the QD layer, and the other is the solvent modulation strategy to enlarge the lattice distortion of chiral perovskite films. This facile route provides an effective way to construct CPL-active materials. More importantly, this kind of composite material (chiral perovskite film/QD layer) can be easily applied for fabricating circularly polarized light-emitting diode devices for electroluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingqian Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Wei Chen
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU), Lantian Road 3002, 518118 Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Tang
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU), Lantian Road 3002, 518118 Shenzhen, China
| | - Junjie Hao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaojin Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayun Sun
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Xiao Wei Sun
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU), Lantian Road 3002, 518118 Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd. 1088, 518055 Shenzhen, China
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41
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Naskar S, Mujica V, Herrmann C. Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity and Non-equilibrium Spin Accumulation in Molecules and Interfaces: A First-Principles Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:694-701. [PMID: 36638217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrons moving through chiral molecules are selected according to their spin orientation and the helicity of the molecule, an effect known as chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). The underlying physical mechanism is not yet completely understood. To help elucidate this mechanism, a non-equilibrium Green's function method, combined with a Landauer approach and density functional theory, is applied to carbon helices contacted by gold electrodes, resulting in spin polarization of transmitted electrons. Spin polarization is also observed in the non-equilibrium electronic structure of the junctions. While this spin polarization is small, its sign changes with the direction of the current and with the handedness of the molecule. While these calculations were performed with a pure exchange-correlation functional, previous studies suggest that computationally more expensive hybrid functionals may lead to considerably larger spin polarization in the electronic structure. Thus, non-equilibrium spin polarization could be a key component in understanding the CISS mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Building 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85287, United States
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center, Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, 20018Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Building 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
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42
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Labella J, Bhowmick DK, Kumar A, Naaman R, Torres T. Easily processable spin filters: exploring the chiral induced spin selectivity of bowl-shaped chiral subphthalocyanines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4273-4277. [PMID: 37123186 PMCID: PMC10132120 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein a new class of spin filters based on subphthalocyanines is reported. We measure the CISS effect by means of magnetic conductive probe atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM). Remarkably, the resulting devices show spin polarizations (SPs) as high as ca. 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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43
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Chandran SS, Wu Y, Subotnik JE. Effect of Duschinskii Rotations on Spin-Dependent Electron Transfer Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9535-9552. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj S. Chandran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yanze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joseph E. Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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44
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Wang Q, Lu Y, He RL, Chen R, Qiao L, Pan F, Yang Z, Song C. Spin Selectivity in Chiral Hybrid Cobalt Halide Films with Ultrasmooth Surface. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2201048. [PMID: 36403249 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Introducing chirality into low-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic halides (HOIHs) creates brand-new opportunities for HOIHs in spintronics and spin-related optoelectronics owing to chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS). However, preparing smooth films of low-dimensional HOIHs with small roughness is still a great challenge due to the hybrid and complex crystal structure, which severely inhibits their applications in spintronic devices. Exploring new lead-free chiral HOIHs with both efficient spin selectivity and excellent film quality is urgently desired. Here, cobalt-based chiral metal halide crystals (R/S-NEA)2 CoCl4 constructed by 0D [CoCl4 ] tetrahedrons and 1-(1-naphtyl)ethylamine (NEA) are synthesized. The orderly configuration of NEA molecules stabilized by noncovalent CH···π interaction endows (NEA)2 CoCl4 with good film-forming ability. (NEA)2 CoCl4 films exhibit strong chiroptical activity (gCD ≈ 0.05) and significant spin-polarized transport (CISS efficiency up to 90%). Furthermore, ultrasmooth films (roughness ∼ 0.3 nm) with enhanced crystallinity can be achieved by incorporating tiny amount tris(8-oxoquinoline)aluminum that has analogous conjugated structure to NEA. The realization of highly efficient spin selectivity and sub-nanometer roughness in lead-free chiral halides can boost the practical process of low-dimensional HOIHs in spintronics and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rui-Lin He
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ruyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Leilei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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45
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Coherent spin transport in a lanthanide-binding protein. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02924-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
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46
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Privitera A, Macaluso E, Chiesa A, Gabbani A, Faccio D, Giuri D, Briganti M, Giaconi N, Santanni F, Jarmouni N, Poggini L, Mannini M, Chiesa M, Tomasini C, Pineider F, Salvadori E, Carretta S, Sessoli R. Direct detection of spin polarization in photoinduced charge transfer through a chiral bridge. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12208-12218. [PMID: 36349110 PMCID: PMC9601404 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03712b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well assessed that the charge transport through a chiral potential barrier can result in spin-polarized charges. The possibility of driving this process through visible photons holds tremendous potential for several aspects of quantum information science, e.g., the optical control and readout of qubits. In this context, the direct observation of this phenomenon via spin-sensitive spectroscopies is of utmost importance to establish future guidelines to control photo-driven spin selectivity in chiral structures. Here, we provide direct proof that time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) can be used to detect long-lived spin polarization generated by photoinduced charge transfer through a chiral bridge. We propose a system comprising CdSe quantum dots (QDs), as a donor, and C60, as an acceptor, covalently linked through a saturated oligopeptide helical bridge (χ) with a rigid structure of ∼10 Å. Time-resolved EPR spectroscopy shows that the charge transfer in our system results in a C60 radical anion, whose spin polarization maximum is observed at longer times with respect to that of the photogenerated C60 triplet state. Notably, the theoretical modelling of the EPR spectra reveals that the observed features may be compatible with chirality-induced spin selectivity, but the electronic features of the QD do not allow the unambiguous identification of the CISS effect. Nevertheless, we identify which parameters need optimization for unambiguous detection and quantification of the phenomenon. This work lays the basis for the optical generation and direct manipulation of spin polarization induced by chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Privitera
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino Via Giuria 7 Torino I-10125 Italy
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
| | - Emilio Macaluso
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma & UdR INSTM I-43124 Parma Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma & UdR INSTM I-43124 Parma Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Alessio Gabbani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa & UdR INSTM Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 Pisa I-56124 Italy
| | - Davide Faccio
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 Bologna I-40126 Italy
| | - Demetra Giuri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 Bologna I-40126 Italy
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
| | - Niccolò Giaconi
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via Santa Marta 3 Firenze I-50139 Italy
| | - Fabio Santanni
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
| | - Nabila Jarmouni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa & UdR INSTM Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 Pisa I-56124 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- CNR-ICCOM Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino Via Giuria 7 Torino I-10125 Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 Bologna I-40126 Italy
| | - Francesco Pineider
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa & UdR INSTM Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 Pisa I-56124 Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino Via Giuria 7 Torino I-10125 Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma & UdR INSTM I-43124 Parma Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" (DICUS), University of Florence & UdR INSTM Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3-13 Sesto Fiorentino I-50019 Italy
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Naskar S, Saghatchi A, Mujica V, Herrmann C. Common Trends of Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity and Optical Dichroism with Varying Helix Pitch: A First‐Principles Study. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Naskar
- Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610 Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg 22761 Germany
| | - Aida Saghatchi
- Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610 Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School for Molecular Science Arizona State University Arizona, U.S.A
- Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3 20018 Donostia, Euskadi Spain
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610 Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg 22761 Germany
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48
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Dubi Y. Spinterface chirality-induced spin selectivity effect in bio-molecules. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10878-10883. [PMID: 36320704 PMCID: PMC9491198 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02565e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, namely the dependence of current through a chiral molecule on spin of the electron, was discovered over two decades ago, and has been suggested for various spin- and chirality-related applications. Yet, quite surprisingly, its physical origin remains elusive, and no theoretical description can quantitatively describe it. Here, we propose a theory for the CISS effect in bio-molecular junctions, based on the interplay between spin-orbit coupling in the electrodes, molecular chirality and spin-transfer torque across the electrode-molecule interface. This theory leads to the first ever quantitative analysis of experimental data, and provides insights into the origin of the CISS effect. The theory presented here can be used to analyze past experiments and to design new experiments, which may lead to deeper understanding of what is considered one of the outstanding problems in molecular electronics and nano-scale transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Dubi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev Be'er Sheva Israel 8410501
- Ilse Katz Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev Be'er Sheva Israel 8410501
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49
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Nguyen TNH, Rasabathina L, Hellwig O, Sharma A, Salvan G, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, Tegenkamp C. Cooperative Effect of Electron Spin Polarization in Chiral Molecules Studied with Non-Spin-Polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38013-38020. [PMID: 35960822 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyalanine molecules (PA) with an α-helix conformation have recently attracted a great deal of interest, as the propagation of electrons through the chiral backbone structure comes along with spin polarization of the transmitted electrons. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy under ambient conditions, PA molecules adsorbed on surfaces of epitaxial magnetic Al2O3/Pt/Au/Co/Au nanostructures with perpendicular anisotropy were studied. Thereby, a correlation between the PA molecules ordering at the surface with the electron tunneling across this hybrid system as a function of the substrate magnetization orientation as well as the coverage density and helicity of the PA molecules was observed. The highest spin polarization values, P, were found for well-ordered self-assembled monolayers and with a defined chemical coupling of the molecules to the magnetic substrate surface, showing that the current-induced spin selectivity is a cooperative effect. Thereby, P deduced from the electron transmission along unoccupied molecular orbitals of the chiral molecules is larger as compared to values derived from the occupied molecular orbitals. Apparently, the larger orbital overlap results in a higher electron mobility, yielding a higher P value. By switching the magnetization direction of the Co layer, it was demonstrated that the non-spin-polarized STM can be used to study chiral molecules with a submolecular resolution, to detect properties of buried magnetic layers and to detect the spin polarization of the molecules from the change in the magnetoresistance of such hybrid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Ha Nguyen
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Lokesh Rasabathina
- Functional Magnetic Materials, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Olav Hellwig
- Functional Magnetic Materials, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Apoorva Sharma
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lech T Baczewski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Christoph Tegenkamp
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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50
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Möllers PV, Wei J, Salamon S, Bartsch M, Wende H, Waldeck DH, Zacharias H. Spin-Polarized Photoemission from Chiral CuO Catalyst Thin Films. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12145-12155. [PMID: 35943911 PMCID: PMC9413420 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect facilitates a paradigm shift for controlling the outcome and efficiency of spin-dependent chemical reactions, for example, photoinduced water splitting. While the phenomenon is established in organic chiral molecules, its emergence in chiral but inorganic, nonmolecular materials is not yet understood. Nevertheless, inorganic spin-filtering materials offer favorable characteristics, such as thermal and chemical stability, over organic, molecular spin filters. Chiral cupric oxide (CuO) thin films can spin polarize (photo)electron currents, and this capability is linked to the occurrence of the CISS effect. In the present work, chiral CuO films, electrochemically deposited on partially UV-transparent polycrystalline gold substrates, were subjected to deep-UV laser pulses, and the average spin polarization of photoelectrons was measured in a Mott scattering apparatus. By energy resolving the photoelectrons and changing the photoexcitation geometry, the energy distribution and spin polarization of the photoelectrons originating from the Au substrate could be distinguished from those arising from the CuO film. The findings reveal that the spin polarization is energy dependent and, furthermore, indicate that the measured polarization values can be rationalized as a sum of an intrinsic spin polarization in the chiral oxide layer and a contribution via CISS-related spin filtering of electrons from the Au substrate. The results support efforts toward a rational design of further spin-selective catalytic oxide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Möllers
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jimeng Wei
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, 15260 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Soma Salamon
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Bartsch
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, 15260 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Department
of Physics and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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