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Yang P, Li Z, Zhang D, Yang K, Ling Y, Zhang T, Quan Q, Liu C, Chen W, Zhou X. MXene film electrodes with high mechanical strength, graded ion channels and high pseudocapacitive activity enabled by lignin-containing cellulose fibers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135476. [PMID: 39260646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) has been widely used in MXene film electrodes to improve its mechanical properties and rate capability for supercapacitors. However, all the above enhancements are obtained with inevitably sacrificing the capacitance, because of the non-electrochemically-active characteristic of CNF. Herein, to address this issue, lignin-containing cellulose fibers (LCNF) is innovatively used to substitute CNF. Specifically, LCNF play a role as a bridge to significantly reinforce mechanical strength of LCNF/MXene film electrode (LM) by binding the adjacent MXene nanosheets, reaching a tensile strength of 34.2 MPa. Lignin in LCNF contributes to pseudocapacitance through the reversible conversion of its quinone/hydro-quinone (Q/QH2), thus yielding an excellent capacitance of 364.4 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. Meanwhile, LCNF has different diameters in which microfibers form a loose structure for LM, nanofibers enlarge d-spacing between adjacent MXene nanosheets, and fibers self-crosslinking creates abundant pores, thus constructing graded channels to achieve an outstanding rate capability of 87 % at 15 A g-1. The fabricated supercapacitor demonstrates a large energy density of 1.8 Wh g-1 at 71.3 W g-1. This work provides a promising approach to decouple the trade-off between electrochemical performance and mechanical properties of MXene film electrodes caused by using CNF, thus obtaining high-performance supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Daotong Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yiying Ling
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qi Quan
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaozheng Liu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Weimin Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China.
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2
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Xie Y, Chen G, Tang Y, Wang Z, Zhou J, Bi Z, Xuan X, Zou J, Zhang A, Yang C. Unraveling the Ionic Storage Mechanism of Flexible Nitrogen-Doped MXene Films for High-Performance Aqueous Hybrid Supercapacitors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405817. [PMID: 39377313 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
2D MXene nanomaterials have excellent potential for application in novel electrochemical energy storage technologies such as supercapacitors and batteries, but the existing pure MXene is difficult to meet the practical needs. Although the electrochemical properties of modified MXene have been improved, the unclear ion storage mechanism still hinders the development of MXene-based electrode materials. Herein, the study develops flexible self-supported nitrogen-doped Ti3C2 (Py-Ti3C2) films by the highly mobile, high nitrogen content, oxygen-free pyridine-assisted solvothermal method, and then deeply investigates the energy storage mechanism of hybrid supercapacitors in four aqueous electrolytes (H2SO4, Li2SO4, Na2SO4, and MgSO4). The experimental results suggest that the Py-Ti3C2 film electrode exhibits a pseudocapacitance-dominated energy storage mechanism. Particularly, the specific capacity of the Py-Ti3C2 in 1 M H2SO4 (506 F g-1 at 0.1 A g-1) is 4-5 times higher than other electrolytes (≈110 F g-1), which could be attributed to the substantially higher ionic diffusion coefficient of H+ than those of Li+, Na+, Mg2+ with small ionic size, high ionic conductivity, and fast pseudocapacitance response. Theoretical analysis further confirms that Py-Ti3C2 has strengthened conductivity and electrical double-layer capacitance performance. Meanwhile, it has lower free energy for protonation and deprotonation of functional groups, which gives excellent pseudocapacitance performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Guanglei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jianghong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodie Xuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Junhui Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
| | - Aibo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, P. R. China
- Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 400000, P. R. China
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Protyai MIH, Bin Rashid A. A comprehensive overview of recent progress in MXene-based polymer composites: Their fabrication processes, advanced applications, and prospects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37030. [PMID: 39319124 PMCID: PMC11419932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MXenes are a group of 2D transition metal carbonitrides, nitrides and carbides that have become widely recognized as useful materials since they were first discovered in 2011. MXenes, with their exceptional layered structures and splendid external chemistries, have excellent electrical, optical, and thermal properties, making them suitable for catalysis, biomedical uses, environmental remediation, energy storage, and EMI shielding. Over forty MXene compounds with surface terminations like hydroxyl, oxygen, or fluorine are hydrophilic and easily integrated into various applications. Advanced synthesis methods, including selective etching and etchant modifications, have broadened MXene surface chemistries for customized mechanical, thermal, and electrical applications. Integrating MXenes into polymer composites has demonstrated notable promise, enhancing the host polymers' electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical strength. The MXene-polymer composites demonstrate remarkable prospective on behalf of advanced purposes, including flexible electronics, high-performance EMI shielding materials, and lightweight structural components. MXenes have the desirable characteristic of being able to create flexible and translucent films, as well as improve the properties of polymer matrices. This makes them very suitable for use in advanced technological applications. This review summarizes MXene research, methods, and insights, highlighting key discoveries and future directions. This also highlights the importance of ongoing research to fill in the gaps in current knowledge and improve the practical uses of MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Injamamul Haque Protyai
- Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Adib Bin Rashid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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4
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Li M, Fan Q, Gao L, Liang K, Huang Q. Chemical Intercalation of Layered Materials: From Structure Tailoring to Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312918. [PMID: 38821561 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The intercalation of layered materials offers a flexible approach for tailoring their structures and generating unexpected properties. This review provides perspectives on the chemical intercalation of layered materials, including graphite/graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXenes, and some particular materials. The characteristics of the different intercalation methods and their chemical mechanisms are discussed. The influence of intercalation on the structural changes of the host materials and the structural change how to affect the intrinsic properties of the intercalation compounds are discussed. Furthermore, a perspective on the applications of intercalation compounds in fields such as energy conversion and storage, catalysis, smart devices, biomedical applications, and environmental remediation is provided. Finally, brief insights into the challenges and future opportunities for the chemical intercalation of layered materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315336, China
| | - Qi Fan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315336, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315336, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315336, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315336, China
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5
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Bandpey M, Barz DPJ. Effects of interlayer space engineering and surface modification on the charge storage mechanisms of MXene nanomaterials: A review on recent developments. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15078-15093. [PMID: 39072431 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional MXenes were discovered in 2011 and, because of their outstanding properties, have attracted significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and hybrid energy storage devices. Numerous studies were dedicated to identifying feasible charge storage mechanisms in MXenes and investigating the effects of structural and superficial properties on the corresponding mechanisms. The results clarify that interlayer distance and surface termination groups in MXenes significantly determine the deliverable energy and power density in respective energy storage devices. Additionally, due to van der Waals interactions, adjacent MXene sheets tend to aggregate and restack during electrode preparation or charge and discharge cycling, reducing the MXene interlayer distance and deteriorating its energy storage ability. In this review, we first summarize the different charge storage mechanisms applicable to MXenes in different energy storage devices and describe the effect of interlayer spacing and surface termination groups. Then, different interlayer space engineering methods are reviewed in terms of materials and procedures, and their impact on the electrochemical behavior and restacking tendency of MXene is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bandpey
- Graphene Integrated Functional Technologies (GIFT) Research Cluster, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Dominik P J Barz
- Graphene Integrated Functional Technologies (GIFT) Research Cluster, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Bi S, Knijff L, Lian X, van Hees A, Zhang C, Salanne M. Modeling of Nanomaterials for Supercapacitors: Beyond Carbon Electrodes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:19931-19949. [PMID: 39053903 PMCID: PMC11308780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Capacitive storage devices allow for fast charge and discharge cycles, making them the perfect complements to batteries for high power applications. Many materials display interesting capacitive properties when they are put in contact with ionic solutions despite their very different structures and (surface) reactivity. Among them, nanocarbons are the most important for practical applications, but many nanomaterials have recently emerged, such as conductive metal-organic frameworks, 2D materials, and a wide variety of metal oxides. These heterogeneous and complex electrode materials are difficult to model with conventional approaches. However, the development of computational methods, the incorporation of machine learning techniques, and the increasing power in high performance computing now allow us to tackle these types of systems. In this Review, we summarize the current efforts in this direction. We show that depending on the nature of the materials and of the charging mechanisms, different methods, or combinations of them, can provide desirable atomic-scale insight on the interactions at play. We mainly focus on two important aspects: (i) the study of ion adsorption in complex nanoporous materials, which require the extension of constant potential molecular dynamics to multicomponent systems, and (ii) the characterization of Faradaic processes in pseudocapacitors, that involves the use of electronic structure-based methods. We also discuss how recently developed simulation methods will allow bridges to be made between double-layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors for future high power electricity storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Bi
- Physicochimie
des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Lisanne Knijff
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
| | - Xiliang Lian
- Physicochimie
des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Alicia van Hees
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
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7
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Hussain I, Rehman F, Saraf M, Zhang T, Wang R, Das T, Luo Z, Gogotsi Y, Zhang K. Electrochemical Properties of Mo 4VC 4T x MXene in Aqueous Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38053-38060. [PMID: 39007669 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
M5C4Tx MXenes represent the most recently discovered and least studied subfamily of out-of-plane ordered double transition metal carbides with 11 atomic layers, probably the thickest of all 2D materials. Molybdenum (Mo) and vanadium (V) in Mo4VC4Tx offer multiple oxidation states, making this MXene potentially attractive for electrochemical energy storage applications. Herein, we evaluated the electrochemical properties of Mo4VC4Tx free-standing thin films in acidic, basic, and neutral aqueous electrolytes and observed the highest gravimetric capacitance of 219 F g-1 at 2 mV s-1 in a 3 M H2SO4. Further, we investigated the intercalation states of four different cations (H+, Li+, Na+, and K+) in MXenes through ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation and used density functional theory (DFT) calculations to assess the charge storage mechanisms in different electrolytes. These studies show hydrated Li+, Na+, and K+ ions forming an electric double layer (EDL) at the MXene surface as the primary charge storage mechanism. This work shows the promise of Mo4VC4Tx MXene for energy storage in aqueous electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 19104, China
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Faisal Rehman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong19104,China
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), MC 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, 3.5km, Khurrianwala - Makkuana By-Pass, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohit Saraf
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Teng Zhang
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ruocun Wang
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Tridip Das
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), MC 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong19104,China
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 19104, China
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Zhou Q, Zhu C, Xue H, Jiang L, Wu J. Flexible, Wearable Wireless-Charging Power System Incorporating Piezo-Ultrasonic Arrays and MXene-Based Solid-State Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:35268-35278. [PMID: 38916408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous development of wearable electronics, higher requirements are put forward for flexible, detachable, stable output, and long service life power modules. Given the limited capacity of energy storage devices, the integration of energy capture and storage is a viable approach. Here, we present a flexible, wearable, wireless-charging power system that integrates a piezoelectric ultrasonic array harvester (PUAH) with MXene-based solid-state supercapacitors (MSSSs) in a soft wristband format for sustainable applications. The MSSS as the energy storage module is developed by using Ti3C2Tx nanosheet-loaded inserted finger-like carbon cloth skeletons as electrodes and poly(vinyl alcohol)/H3PO4 gel as electrolytes, with high energy density (58.74 Wh kg-1) and long cycle life (99.37%, 10,000 cycles). A two-dimensional stretchable piezoelectric array as a wireless-charging module hybridizes high-performance 1-3 composite units with serpentine electrodes, which allows wireless power via ultrasonic waves, with a maximum power density of 1.56 W cm-2 and an output voltage of 20.75 V. The overall PUAH-MSSS wireless energy supply system is 2 mm thick and offers excellent energy conversion/storage performance, cyclic stability, and mechanical flexibility. The results of this project will lay the foundation for the development of next-generation wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chong Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Haoyue Xue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Laiming Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiagang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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9
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Zhu J, Zhu S, Cui Z, Li Z, Wu S, Xu W, Gao Z, Ba T, Liang C, Liang Y, Jiang H. Dual Redox Reaction Sites for Pseudocapacitance Based on Ti and -P Functional Groups of Ti 3C 2PBr x MXene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403508. [PMID: 38647357 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MXenes have extensive applications due to their different properties determined by intrinsic structures and various functional groups. Exploring different functional groups of MXenes leads to improved performance or potential applications. In this work, we prepared new Ti3C2PBrx (x=0.4-0.6) MXene with phosphorus functional groups (-P) through a two-step gas-phase reaction. The acquisition of -P is achieved by replacing bromine functional groups (-Br) of Ti3C2Br2 in the phosphorus vapor. After -Br is replaced with -P, Ti3C2PBrx MXene shows an improved areal capacitance (360 mF cm-2) at 20 mV s-1 compared with Ti3C2Br2 MXene (102 mF cm-2). At a current density of 5 mA cm-2 after 10000 cycles, the capacitance retention of Ti3C2PBrx MXene has not decreased. The pseudocapacitive enhancement mechanism has been discovered based on the dual redox sites of the functional groups -P and Ti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wence Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhonghui Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Te Ba
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Chunyong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart Theranostics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Yanqin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
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10
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Hussain I, Arifeen WU, Khan SA, Aftab S, Javed MS, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Chen X, Zhao J, Rosaiah P, Fawy KF, Younis A, Sahoo S, Zhang K. M 4X 3 MXenes: Application in Energy Storage Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:215. [PMID: 38874816 PMCID: PMC11178707 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific community due to its remarkable properties, including excellent thermal stability, high conductivity, good hydrophilicity and dispersibility, easy processability, tunable surface properties, and admirable flexibility. MXenes have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in Mn+1Xn, such as M2X, M3X2, M4X3, and, recently, M5X4. Among these families, M2X and M3X2, particularly Ti3C2, have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M5X4 MXene synthesis. Meanwhile, studies on the M4X3 MXene family have developed recently, hence, demanding a compilation of evaluated studies. Herein, this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M4X3 MXenes, focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage devices. The objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M4X3 MXene-based nanomaterials, not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Waqas Ul Arifeen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Javed
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyun Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - P Rosaiah
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India
| | - Khaled Fahmi Fawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Younis
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sumanta Sahoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Chao Y, Han Y, Chen Z, Chu D, Xu Q, Wallace G, Wang C. Multiscale Structural Design of 2D Nanomaterials-based Flexible Electrodes for Wearable Energy Storage Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305558. [PMID: 38115755 PMCID: PMC10916616 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
2D nanomaterials play a critical role in realizing high-performance flexible electrodes for wearable energy storge devices, owing to their merits of large surface area, high conductivity and high strength. The electrode is a complex system and the performance is determined by multiple and interrelated factors including the intrinsic properties of materials and the structures at different scales from macroscale to atomic scale. Multiscale design strategies have been developed to engineer the structures to exploit full potential and mitigate drawbacks of 2D materials. Analyzing the design strategies and understanding the working mechanisms are essential to facilitate the integration and harvest the synergistic effects. This review summarizes the multiscale design strategies from macroscale down to micro/nano-scale structures and atomic-scale structures for developing 2D nanomaterials-based flexible electrodes. It starts with brief introduction of 2D nanomaterials, followed by analysis of structural design strategies at different scales focusing on the elucidation of structure-property relationship, and ends with the presentation of challenges and future prospects. This review highlights the importance of integrating multiscale design strategies. Finding from this review may deepen the understanding of electrode performance and provide valuable guidelines for designing 2D nanomaterials-based flexible electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chao
- Henan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityInnovation CampusUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia
| | - Yan Han
- Energy & Materials Engineering CentreCollege of Physics and Materials ScienceTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityInnovation CampusUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Qun Xu
- Henan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China
| | - Gordon Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityInnovation CampusUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityInnovation CampusUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia
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12
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Lin X, Tee SR, Kent PRC, Searles DJ, Cummings PT. Development of Heteroatomic Constant Potential Method with Application to MXene-Based Supercapacitors. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:651-664. [PMID: 38211325 PMCID: PMC10809414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
We describe a method for modeling constant-potential charges in heteroatomic electrodes, keeping pace with the increasing complexity of electrode composition and nanostructure in electrochemical research. The proposed "heteroatomic constant potential method" (HCPM) uses minimal added parameters to handle differing electronegativities and chemical hardnesses of different elements, which we fit to density functional theory (DFT) partial charge predictions in this paper by using derivative-free optimization. To demonstrate the model, we performed molecular dynamics simulations using both HCPM and conventional constant potential method (CPM) for MXene electrodes with Li-TFSI/AN (lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide/acetonitrile)-based solvent-in-salt electrolytes. Although the two methods show similar accumulated charge storage on the electrodes, the results indicated that HCPM provides a more reliable depiction of electrode atom charge distribution and charge response compared with CPM, accompanied by increased cationic attraction to the MXene surface. These results highlight the influence of elemental composition on electrode performance, and the flexibility of our HCPM opens up new avenues for studying the performance of diverse heteroatomic electrodes including other types of MXenes, two-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and doped carbonaceous electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Lin
- Multiscale
Modeling and Simulation Center, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, United States
| | - Shern R. Tee
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul R. C. Kent
- Computational
Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Debra J. Searles
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Peter T. Cummings
- Multiscale
Modeling and Simulation Center, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, United States
- School of
Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt
University, Edinburgh, Scotland EH14 4AS, U.K.
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13
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Das M, Murari H, Ghosh S, Sanyal B. Manipulation of electrochemical properties of MXene electrodes for supercapacitor applications by chemical and magnetic disorder. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1352-1361. [PMID: 38131380 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The potential of two-dimensional MXenes as electrodes in supercapacitor applications has been studied extensively. However, the role of chemical and magnetic disorder in their electrochemical parameters, e.g., capacitance, has not been explored yet. In this work, we have systematically addressed this for V2-xMnxCO2 MXene solid solutions with an analysis based upon the results from first-principles electronic structure calculations. We find that the variations in the total capacitance over a voltage window depend on the degree of chemical and magnetic disorder. In the course of our investigation, it was also found that the magnetic structure on the surface can substantially influence the redox charge transfer, an as yet unexplored phenomenon. A significantly large charge transfer and thus a large capacitance can be obtained by manipulating the chemical composition and the magnetic order of the surfaces. These findings can be useful in designing operational supercapacitor electrodes with magnetic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandira Das
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Himanshu Murari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Subhradip Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Biplab Sanyal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Sweden.
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14
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Sobhani Bazghale F, Gilak MR, Zamani Pedram M, Torabi F, Naikoo GA. 2D nanocomposite materials for HER electrocatalysts - a review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23450. [PMID: 38192770 PMCID: PMC10772112 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen energy has the potential to be a cost-effective and strong technology for brighter development. Hydrogen fuel production by water electrolyzers has attracted attention. 2D nanocomposites with distinctive properties have been extensively explored for various applications from hydrogen evolution reactions to improving the efficiency of water electrolyzer, which is the most eco-friendly, and high-performance for hydrogen production. Recently, typical 2D nanocomposites such as Metal-Free 2D, TMDs, Mxene, LDH, organic composites, and Heterostructure have recently been thoroughly researched for use in the HER. We discuss effective ways for increasing the HER efficiency of 2D catalysts in this paper, And the unique advantages and mechanisms for specific applications are highlighted. Several essential regulating strategies for developing 2D nanocomposite-based HER electrocatalysts are included such as interface engineering, defect engineering, heteroatom doping, strain & phase engineering, and hybridizing which improve HER kinetics, the electrical conductivity, accessibility to catalytic active sites, and reaction energy barrier can be optimized. Finally, the future prospects for 2D nanocomposites in HER are discussed, as well as a thorough overview of a variety of methodologies for designing 2D nanocomposites as HER electrocatalysts with excellent catalytic performance. We expect that this review will provide a thorough overview of 2D nanocatalysts for hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Reza Gilak
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Zamani Pedram
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farschad Torabi
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gowhar A. Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics & Sciences, College of Arts & Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, PC 211, Oman
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15
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Bashir T, Zhou S, Yang S, Ismail SA, Ali T, Wang H, Zhao J, Gao L. Progress in 3D-MXene Electrodes for Lithium/Sodium/Potassium/Magnesium/Zinc/Aluminum-Ion Batteries. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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16
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Su D, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Design and Synthesis Strategy of MXenes-Based Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries and Progress of First-Principles Research. Molecules 2023; 28:6292. [PMID: 37687121 PMCID: PMC10488534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MXenes-based materials are considered to be one of the most promising electrode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their excellent flexibility, high conductivity and tuneable surface functional groups. However, MXenes often have severe self-agglomeration, low capacity and unsatisfactory durability, which affects their practical value. The design and synthesis of advanced heterostructures with advanced chemical structures and excellent electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries have been widely studied and developed in the field of energy storage devices. In this review, the design and synthesis strategies of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials and the influence of various synthesis strategies on the structure and properties of MXenes-based materials are comprehensively summarized. Then, the first-principles research progress of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials is summarized, and the relationship between the storage mechanism and structure of sodium-ion batteries and the electrochemical performance is revealed. Finally, the key challenges and future research directions of the current design and synthesis strategies and first principles of these MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Hebei Province Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (D.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China;
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Hebei Province Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (D.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yingna Zhao
- Hebei Province Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (D.S.); (J.Z.)
- Hebei (Tangshan) Ceramic Industry Technology Research Institute, Tangshan 063007, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Yuan Z, Zhao L, Li Y, Qin X, Li J, Han W, Wang L. Review of Design Routines of MXene Materials for Magnesium-Ion Energy Storage Device. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301815. [PMID: 37183303 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Renewable energy storage using electrochemical storage devices is extensively used in various field applications. High-power density supercapacitors and high-energy density rechargeable batteries are some of the most effective devices, while lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most common. Due to the scarcity of Li resources and serious safety concerns during the construction of LIBs, development of safer and cheaper technologies with high performance is warranted. Magnesium is one of the most abundant and replaceable elements on earth, and it is safe as it does not generate dendrite following cycling. However, the lack of suitable electrode materials remains a critical issue in developing electrochemical energy storage devices. 2D MXenes can be used to construct composites with different dimensions, owing to their suitable physicochemical properties and unique magnesium-ion adsorption structure. In this study, the construction strategies of MXene in different dimensions, including its physicochemical properties as an electrode material in magnesium ion energy storage devices are reviewed. Research advancements of MXene and MXene-based composites in various kinds of magnesium-ion storage devices are also analyzed to understand its energy storage mechanisms. Finally, current opportunities, challenges, and future prospects are also briefly discussed to provide crucial information for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy Conversion Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zeyu Yuan
- Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy Conversion Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lianjia Zhao
- Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy Conversion Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy Conversion Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiaokun Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy Conversion Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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18
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Jiang T, Wang Y, Chen GZ. Electrochemistry of Titanium Carbide MXenes in Supercapacitor. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201724. [PMID: 37127861 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Novel electrode materials are always explored to achieve better performance of supercapacitors. Titanium carbide MXenes, Ti3 C2 Tx , are one of the very promising candidates for electrode materials in supercapacitors due to their unique structural and ion storage properties as 2D materials. Their large specific surface area, adjustable functionalized surface terminals, high electrical conductivities, hydrophilicity, and high Faradaic capacitance, also known widely but confusingly as pseudocapacitance, are highly desirable for making high-performance electrodes with increased dis-/charging rates and capacities. Herein, some selective electrochemical considerations of Ti3 C2 Tx MXenes for uses in supercapacitors are critically reviewed and assessed, aiming at a better fundamental understanding of the electrochemical basics and processes in Ti3 C2 Tx MXene-based electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P. R. China
| | - George Z Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG2 7RD, UK
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19
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Ustad RE, Kundale SS, Rokade KA, Patil SL, Chavan VD, Kadam KD, Patil HS, Patil SP, Kamat RK, Kim DK, Dongale TD. Recent progress in energy, environment, and electronic applications of MXene nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:9891-9926. [PMID: 37097309 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06162g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained widespread attention, owing to their appealing properties for various technological applications. Etched from their parent MAX phases, MXene is a newly emerged 2D material that was first reported in 2011. Since then, a lot of theoretical and experimental work has been done on more than 30 MXene structures for various applications. Given this, in the present review, we have tried to cover the multidisciplinary aspects of MXene including its structures, synthesis methods, and electronic, mechanical, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties. From an application point of view, we explore MXene-based supercapacitors, gas sensors, strain sensors, biosensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, microwave absorption, memristors, and artificial synaptic devices. Also, the impact of MXene-based materials on the characteristics of respective applications is systematically explored. This review provides the current status of MXene nanomaterials for various applications and possible future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhan E Ustad
- Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Somnath S Kundale
- Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India.
| | - Kasturi A Rokade
- Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India.
| | - Snehal L Patil
- Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India.
| | - Vijay D Chavan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kalyani D Kadam
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Harshada S Patil
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sarita P Patil
- School of Physical Science, Sanjay Ghodawat University, Atigre, Kolhapur-416118, MH, India
| | - Rajanish K Kamat
- Department of Electronics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India
- Dr Homi Bhabha State University, 15, Madam Cama Road, Mumbai-400032, India
| | - Deok-Kee Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Tukaram D Dongale
- Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India.
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20
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Noor U, Mughal MF, Ahmed T, Farid MF, Ammar M, Kulsum U, Saleem A, Naeem M, Khan A, Sharif A, Waqar K. Synthesis and applications of MXene-based composites: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:262001. [PMID: 36972572 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc7a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been considerable interest in a new family of transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides referred to as MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) due to the variety of their elemental compositions and surface terminations that exhibit many fascinating physical and chemical properties. As a result of their easy formability, MXenes may be combined with other materials, such as polymers, oxides, and carbon nanotubes, which can be used to tune their properties for various applications. As is widely known, MXenes and MXene-based composites have gained considerable prominence as electrode materials in the energy storage field. In addition to their high conductivity, reducibility, and biocompatibility, they have also demonstrated outstanding potential for applications related to the environment, including electro/photocatalytic water splitting, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, water purification, and sensors. This review discusses MXene-based composite used in anode materials, while the electrochemical performance of MXene-based anodes for Li-based batteries (LiBs) is discussed in addition to key findings, operating processes, and factors influencing electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Noor
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Mughal
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Toheed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University Islamabad, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fayyaz Farid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Umme Kulsum
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, 202002, Aligarh, India
| | - Amna Saleem
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Naeem
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Sharif
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Waqar
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
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21
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Xie H, Ma S, He Z. Facile preparation of PANI/MoOx nanowires decorated MXene film electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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22
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Ryan S, Browne MP, Zhussupbekova A, Spurling D, McKeown L, Douglas-Henry D, Prendeville L, Vaesen S, Schmitt W, Shvets I, Nicolosi V. Single walled carbon nanotube functionalisation in printed supercapacitor devices and shielding effect of Tin(II) Oxide. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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23
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Isolation of pseudocapacitive surface processes at monolayer MXene flakes reveals delocalized charging mechanism. Nat Commun 2023; 14:374. [PMID: 36690615 PMCID: PMC9870982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudocapacitive charge storage in Ti3C2Tx MXenes in acid electrolytes is typically described as involving proton intercalation/deintercalation accompanied by redox switching of the Ti centres and protonation/deprotonation of oxygen functional groups. Here we conduct nanoscale electrochemical measurements in a unique experimental configuration, restricting the electrochemical contact area to a small subregion (0.3 µm2) of a monolayer Ti3C2Tx flake. In this unique configuration, proton intercalation into interlayer spaces is not possible, and surface processes are isolated from the bulk processes, characteristic of macroscale electrodes. Analysis of the pseudocapacitive response of differently sized MXene flakes indicates that entire MXene flakes are charged through electrochemical contact of only a small basal plane subregion, corresponding to as little as 3% of the flake surface area. Our observation of pseudocapacitive charging outside the electrochemical contact area is suggestive of a fast transport of protons mechanism across the MXene surface.
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24
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Adekoya G, Adekoya OC, Sadiku RE, Hamam Y, Ray SS. Applications of MXene-Containing Polypyrrole Nanocomposites in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39498-39519. [PMID: 36385802 PMCID: PMC9648120 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The atomically thick two-dimensional (2D) materials are at the forefront of revolutionary technologies for energy storage devices. Due to their fascinating physical and chemical features, these materials have gotten a lot of attention. They are particularly appealing for a wide range of applications, including electrochemical storage systems, due to their simplicity of property tuning. The MXene is a type of 2D material that is widely recognized for its exceptional electrochemical characteristics. The use of these materials in conjunction with conducting polymers, notably polypyrrole (PPy), has opened new possibilities for lightweight, flexible, and portable electrodes. Therefore, herein we report a comprehensive review of recent achievements in the production of MXene/PPy nanocomposites. The structural-property relationship of this class of nanocomposites was taken into consideration with an elaborate discussion of the various characterizations employed. As a result, this research gives a narrative explanation of how PPy interacts with distinct MXenes to produce desirable high-performance nanocomposites. The effects of MXene incorporation on the thermal, electrical, and electrochemical characteristics of the resultant nanocomposites were discussed. Finally, it is critically reviewed and presented as an advanced composite material in electrochemical storage devices, energy conversion, electrochemical sensors, and electromagnetic interference shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gbolahan
Joseph Adekoya
- Institute
of Nanoengineering Research (INER) and Department of Chemical, Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Oluwasegun Chijioke Adekoya
- Institute
of Nanoengineering Research (INER) and Department of Chemical, Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Rotimi Emmanuel Sadiku
- Institute
of Nanoengineering Research (INER) and Department of Chemical, Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Yskandar Hamam
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- École
Supérieure d’Ingénieurs en Électrotechnique
et Électronique, Cité Descartes, 2 Boulevard Blaise Pascal, 93160 Noisy-le-Grand, Paris, France
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornforntein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
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25
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Thirumurugan A, Ramadoss A, Dhanabalan SS, Kamaraj SK, Chidhambaram N, Gobalakrishnan S, Venegas Abarzúa C, Reyes Caamaño YA, Udayabhaskar R, Morel MJ. MXene/Ferrite Magnetic Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1792. [PMID: 36296145 PMCID: PMC9611495 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MXene has been identified as a new emerging material for various applications including energy storage, electronics, and bio-related due to its wider physicochemical characteristics. Further the formation of hybrid composites of MXene with other materials makes them interesting to utilize in multifunctional applications. The selection of magnetic nanomaterials for the formation of nanocomposite with MXene would be interesting for the utilization of magnetic characteristics along with MXene. However, the selection of the magnetic nanomaterials is important, as the magnetic characteristics of the ferrites vary with the stoichiometric composition of metal ions, particle shape and size. The selection of the electrolyte is also important for electrochemical energy storage applications, as the electrolyte could influence the electrochemical performance. Further, the external magnetic field also could influence the electrochemical performance. This review briefly discusses the synthesis method of MXene, and ferrite magnetic nanoparticles and their composite formation. We also discussed the recent progress made on the MXene/ferrite nanocomposite for potential applications in electrochemical supercapacitor applications. The possibility of magnetic field-assisted supercapacitor applications with electrolyte and electrode materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Thirumurugan
- Sede Vallenar, Universidad de Atacama, Costanera #105, Vallenar 1612178, Chile
| | - Ananthakumar Ramadoss
- Advanced Research School for Technology & Product Simulation (ARSTPS), School for Advanced Research in Polymers (SARP), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering & Technology (CIPET), T.V.K. Industrial Estate, Guindy, Chennai 600032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano, El Llano 20330, Mexico
| | - Natarajan Chidhambaram
- Department of Physics, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suyambrakasam Gobalakrishnan
- Department of Nanotechnology, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Kumaracoil 629180, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Rednam Udayabhaskar
- Instituto de Investigaciónes Científicasy Tecnológicas (IDICTEC), Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapo 1531772, Chile
| | - Mauricio J. Morel
- Instituto de Investigaciónes Científicasy Tecnológicas (IDICTEC), Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapo 1531772, Chile
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26
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Wu J. Understanding the Electric Double-Layer Structure, Capacitance, and Charging Dynamics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10821-10859. [PMID: 35594506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in recent years in theoretical modeling of the electric double layer (EDL), a key concept in electrochemistry important for energy storage, electrocatalysis, and multitudes of other technological applications. However, major challenges remain in understanding the microscopic details of the electrochemical interface and charging mechanisms under realistic conditions. This review delves into theoretical methods to describe the equilibrium and dynamic responses of the EDL structure and capacitance for electrochemical systems commonly deployed for capacitive energy storage. Special emphasis is given to recent advances that intend to capture the nonclassical EDL behavior such as oscillatory ion distributions, polarization of nonmetallic electrodes, charge transfer, and various forms of phase transitions in the micropores of electrodes interfacing with an organic electrolyte or ionic liquid. This comprehensive analysis highlights theoretical insights into predictable relationships between materials characteristics and electrochemical performance and offers a perspective on opportunities for further development toward rational design and optimization of electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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27
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Nasrin K, Sudharshan V, Arunkumar M, Sathish M. 2D/2D Nanoarchitectured Nb 2C/Ti 3C 2 MXene Heterointerface for High-Energy Supercapacitors with Sustainable Life Cycle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21038-21049. [PMID: 35476396 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Layered 2D/2D heterointerface composites experience interesting properties that greatly stimulate the recent surge in the attention as robust supercapacitor electrode materials, especially the MXene-based 2D/2D heterointerface for its robust energy storage compatibility. This report unveils a synergistically in situ prepared 2D/2D Nb2C/Ti3C2 MXene (NCTC) heterointerface nanoarchitecture by facile one-pot chemical etching. The methodology adopted enables the interconnected and simultaneous growth of MXenes exposing and retaining their active surfaces for enhanced ion diffusion pathways, charge storage dynamics, microstructural stability, and a noticeable potential window. Henceforth, the in situ developed NCTC heterointerface electrode delivered an excellent specific capacitance of 584 F/g at 2 A/g with a commendable energy density of 38.5 W h/kg in MXene supercapacitors owing to the augmented surface- and redox-based charge storage at the interface. Finally, the developed all-solid-state system demonstrated a superior cycling retention of 98% capacitance after 50,000 cycles. These superlative results encourage the exploration of such prospective 2D/2D heterointerfaces with intriguing charge storage and microstructural attributes for designing next-generation energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabeer Nasrin
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudharshan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Arunkumar
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marappan Sathish
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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28
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Long Y, Tao Y, Shang T, Yang H, Sun Z, Chen W, Yang Q. Roles of Metal Ions in MXene Synthesis, Processing and Applications: A Perspective. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200296. [PMID: 35218319 PMCID: PMC9036030 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
With a decade of effort, significant progress has been achieved in the synthesis, processing, and applications of MXenes. Metal ions play many crucial roles, such as in MXene delamination, structure regulation, surface modification, MXene composite construction, and even some unique applications. The different roles of metal ions are attributed to their many interactions with MXenes and the unique nature of MXenes, including their layered structure, surface chemistry, and the existence of multi-valent transition metals. Interactions with metal ions are crucial for the energy storage of MXene electrodes, especially in metal ion batteries and supercapacitors with neutral electrolytes. This review aims to provide a good understanding of the interactions between metal ions and MXenes, including the classification and fundamental chemistry of their interactions, in order to achieve their more effective utilization and rational design. It also provides new perspectives on MXene evolution and exfoliation, which may suggest optimized synthesis strategies. In this respect, the different effects of metal ions on MXene synthesis and processing are clarified, and the corresponding mechanisms are elaborated. Research progress on the roles metal ions have in MXene applications is also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore117543Singapore
| | - Ying Tao
- Nanoyang GroupState Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Tongxin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of EducationShanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China
| | - Haotian Yang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore117543Singapore
| | - Zejun Sun
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore117543Singapore
| | - Wei Chen
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore117543Singapore
- Department of PhysicsNational University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore117542Singapore
| | - Quan‐Hong Yang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China
- Nanoyang GroupState Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
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29
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Pathak M, Polaki SR, Rout CS. High performance asymmetric supercapacitors based on Ti 3C 2T x MXene and electrodeposited spinel NiCo 2S 4 nanostructures. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10788-10799. [PMID: 35425026 PMCID: PMC8988171 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinel metal sulfides have been investigated for a wide range of applications mostly in electrochemical energy storage owing to their better electronic conductivity and high reversible redox activity. Herein, we report a facile fabrication approach for the binder-free supercapacitor electrodes based on spinel NiCo2S4 (NCS) on various substrates such as Cu-foil (CF), Ni-foam (NF), and vertical graphene nanosheets grown on carbon tape (VG) via a single step-controlled electrodeposition technique. The obtained electrodeposited NiCo2S4 grown on Cu-foil (denoted as CF-NCS) in symmetric assembly shows a high specific capacitance of 167.28 F g-1 compared to NCS grown on Ni-foam and VG substrates, whereas, symmetric NiCo2S4 grown on a VG substrate device exhibits better cycling performance (81% for 3000 cycles) compared to CF-NCS and NF-NCS. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled in combination with MXene (Ti3C2T x ) as a negative electrode (denoted as TCX). As a result, the CF-NCS//TCX device exhibits a high areal capacitance of 48.6 mF cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2 of current density. We also report good specific capacitance of 54.57 F g-1 at 2 A g-1; in addition, the CF-NCS//TCX assembly delivers maximum areal and gravimetric energy density of 14.86 mWh cm-2 and 14.86 Wh kg-1 respectively. In contrast, the VG-NCS//TCX device showed improved cycling stability with 85% of capacitance retention over 5000 cycles owing to its highly porous structure and multiple conductive networks in the VG substrate and provides structural stability to NCS with fast ion diffusion. This experiment favors 2D MXene as a capacitive electrode that provides a replacement for carbon-based electrodes in asymmetric assembly with superior electrochemical performance. Hence, the hierarchical NCS structure grown on the various substrates in combination with MXene serve as a promising material for energy storage application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Pathak
- Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain University Jain Global Campus, Jakkasandra, Ramanagaram Bangalore-562112 India
| | - S R Polaki
- Surface and Nanoscience Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research-Homi Bhabha National Institute Kalpakkam Tamil Nadu 603102 India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Rout
- Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain University Jain Global Campus, Jakkasandra, Ramanagaram Bangalore-562112 India
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30
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A General Equivalent Electrical Circuit Model for the characterization of MXene/graphene oxide hybrid-fiber supercapacitors by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy – Impact of fiber length. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Nasrin K, Sudharshan V, Subramani K, Karnan M, Sathish M. In-Situ Synergistic 2D/2D MXene/BCN Heterostructure for Superlative Energy Density Supercapacitor with Super-Long Life. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106051. [PMID: 34837477 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The 2D/2D layered materials are gaining much-needed attention owing to the unprecedented results in supercapacitors by their robust structural and electrochemical compatibility. Here, a facile scalable synthesis of 2D/2D MXene/boron carbon nitride (BCN) heterostructure through no residue direct pyrolysis is reported. The process allows the in-situ growth of BCN nanosheets unravelling the surfaces of MXene synergistically that provide an interconnected conductive network with wide potential window, augmented proportion of Ti sites at elevated temperature removing terminal groups enabling high pseudocapacitive activity and impressive stability. As a result, the as-assembled MXene/BCN electrode records a high specific capacitance of 1173 F g-1 (1876 C g-1 ) at 2 A g-1 and an energy density of 45 Wh kg-1 . Further, the fabricated solid-state device exhibits an ultra-high cyclability of 100% capacitive retention after 100 000 cycles. This will be an epitome for future 2D/2D heterostructures with commendable electrochemical properties as an expedient solution for energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabeer Nasrin
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudharshan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 015, India
| | - Kaipannan Subramani
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
| | - Manickavasakam Karnan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Marappan Sathish
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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32
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Guo L, Jiang WY, Shen M, Xu C, Ding CX, Zhao SF, Yuan TT, Wang CY, Zhang XQ, Wang JQ. High capacitance of MXene (Ti3C2T ) through Intercalation and Surface Modification in Molten Salt. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Baig MM, Gul IH, Baig SM, Shahzad F. 2D MXenes: Synthesis, properties, and electrochemical energy storage for supercapacitors – A review. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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34
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Xu L, Jiang DE. Proton dynamics in water confined at the interface of the graphene-MXene heterostructure. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:234707. [PMID: 34937381 DOI: 10.1063/5.0066835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterostructures of 2D materials offer a fertile ground to study ion transport and charge storage. Here, we use ab initio molecular dynamics to examine the proton-transfer/diffusion and redox behavior in a water layer confined in the graphene-Ti3C2O2 heterostructure. We find that in comparison with the similar interface of water confined between Ti3C2O2 layers, the proton redox rate in the dissimilar interface of graphene-Ti3C2O2 is much higher, owing to the very different interfacial structure as well as the interfacial electric field induced by an electron transfer in the latter. Water molecules in the dissimilar interface of the graphene-Ti3C2O2 heterostructure form a denser hydrogen-bond network with a preferred orientation of water molecules, leading to an increase in proton mobility with proton concentration in the graphene-Ti3C2O2 interface. As the proton concentration further increases, proton mobility decreases due to increasingly more frequent surface redox events that slow down proton mobility due to binding with surface O atoms. Our work provides important insights into how the dissimilar interface and their associated interfacial structure and properties impact proton transfer and redox in the confined space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - De-En Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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35
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Chen Z, Asif M, Wang R, Li Y, Zeng X, Yao W, Sun Y, Liao K. Recent Trends in Synthesis and Applications of porous MXene Assemblies: A Topical Review. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100261. [PMID: 34913570 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MXene possesses high conductivity, excellent hydrophilicity, rich surface chemistry, hence holds great potential in various applications. However, MXene materials have low surface area utilization due to the agglomeration of ultrathin nanosheets. Assembling 2D MXene nanosheets into 3D multi-level architectures is an effective way to circumvent this issue. Incorporation of MXene with other nanomaterials during the assembly process could rationally tune and tailor the specific surface area, porosity and surface chemistry of the MXene assemblies. The complementary and synergistic effect between MXene and nanomaterials could expand their advantages and make up for their disadvantages, thus boost the performance of 3D porous MXene composites. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in fabrication of porous MXene architectures from 2D to 3D, and also discuss the potential applications of MXene nanostructures in energy harvesting systems, sensing, electromagnetic interference shielding, water purification and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Chen
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Ruochong Wang
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yong Li
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Xu Zeng
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Wentao Yao
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Hubei key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Kin Liao
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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36
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Usman KAS, Qin S, Henderson LC, Zhang J, Hegh DY, Razal JM. Ti 3C 2T x MXene: from dispersions to multifunctional architectures for diverse applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2886-2912. [PMID: 34724521 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00968k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The exciting combination of high electrical conductivity, high specific capacitance and colloidal stability of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene (referred to as MXene) has shown great potential in a wide range of applications including wearable electronics, energy storage, sensors, and electromagnetic interference shielding. To realize its full potential, recent literature has reported a variety of solution-based processing methodologies to develop MXenes into multifunctional architectures, such as fibres, films and aerogels. In response to these recent critical advances, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse solution-based processing methodologies currently being used for MXene-architecture fabrication. A critical evaluation of the processing challenges directly affecting macroscale material properties and ultimately, the performance of the resulting prototype devices is also provided. Opportunities arising from the observed and foreseen challenges regarding their use are discussed to provide avenues for new designs and realise practical use in high performance applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Aldren S Usman
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Si Qin
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Jizhen Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Dylan Y Hegh
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
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37
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Spontaneous three-dimensional self-assembly of MXene and graphene for impressive energy and rate performance pseudocapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Zhou Z, Song Q, Huang B, Feng S, Lu C. Facile Fabrication of Densely Packed Ti 3C 2 MXene/Nanocellulose Composite Films for Enhancing Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Electro-/Photothermal Performance. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12405-12417. [PMID: 34251191 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of modern electronics has raised great demand for multifunctional materials to protect electronic instruments against electromagnetic interference (EMI) radiation and ice accretion in cold weather. However, it is still a great challenge to prepare high-performance multifunctional films with excellent flexibilty, mechanical strength, and durability. Here, we propose a layer-by-layer assembly of cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites (TM) on a bacterial cellulose (BC) substrate via repeated spray coating. CNFs are hybridized with Ti3C2Tx nanoflakes to improve the mechanical properties of the functional coating layer and its adhesion with the BC substrate. The densely packed hierarchical structure and strong interfacial interactions endows the TM/BC films with good flexibility, ultrahigh mechanical strength (>250 MPa), and desirable toughness (>20 MJ cm-3). Furthermore, benefiting from the densely packed hierarchical structure, the resultant TM/BC films present outstanding EMI shielding effictiveness of 60 dB and efficient electro-/photothermal heating performance. Silicone encapsulation further imparts high hydrophobicity and exceptional durability against solutions and deformations to the multifunctional films. Impressively, the silicone-coated TM/BC film (Si-TM/BC) exhibits desirable low voltage-driven Joule heating and excellent photoresponsive heating performance, which demonstrates great feasibility for efficient thermal deicing under actual conditions. Therefore, we believe that the Si-TM/BC film with excellent mechanical properties and durability holds great promise for the practical applications of EMI shielding and ice accretion elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quancheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bingxue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shiyi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Canhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Mao X, Zou Y, Xu F, Sun L, Chu H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Xiang C. Three-Dimensional Self-Supporting Ti 3C 2 with MoS 2 and Cu 2O Nanocrystals for High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:22664-22675. [PMID: 33950668 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) architecture of electrode materials with excellent stability and electrochemical activity is extremely desirable for high-performance supercapacitors. In this study, we develop a facile method for fabricating 3D self-supporting Ti3C2 with MoS2 and Cu2O nanocrystal composites for supercapacitor applications. MoS2 was incorporated in Ti3C2 using a hydrothermal method, and Cu2O was embedded in two-dimensional nanosheets by in situ chemical reduction. The resulting composite electrode showed a synergistic effect between the components. Ti3C2 served as a conductive additive to connect MoS2 nanosheets and facilitate charge transfer. MoS2 acted as an active spacer to increase the interlayer space of Ti3C2 and protect Ti3C2 from oxidation. Cu2O effectively prevented the collapse of the lamellar structure of Ti3C2-MoS2. Consequently, the optimized composite exhibited an excellent specific capacitance of 1459 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. Further, by assembling an all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor with activated carbon, a high energy density of 60.5 W h kg-1 was achieved at a power density of 103 W kg-1. Additionally, the supercapacitor exhibited a capacitance retention of 90% during 3000 charging-discharging cycles. Moreover, high mechanical robustness was retained after bending at different angles, thereby suggesting significant potential applications for future flexible and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Mao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yongjin Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Fen Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Lixian Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Chu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Huanzhi Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Cuili Xiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy Materials, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
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Zang X, Wang S, Zhang R. Ultrathin Carbon Deficient Molybdenum Carbide (α-MoC 1-x) Enables High-Rate Mg-Ion-based Energy Storage. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4434-4439. [PMID: 33950671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dual-electron transfer with Mg2+-ion intercalation outperforms typical alkali metal-ion (Li+, Na+, K+) systems with superior charge storage efficiency while the neutral electrolytes can achieve a working voltage beyond the hydrolysis window of 1.23 V. Hence, aqueous Mg-ion electrolytes are promising for electrochemical energy storage devices to boost the energy density and solve the safety challenges synchronously. However, the Mg-based electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices are generally confined by poor rate performance due to the slow Mg2+ diffusion in the electrode materials. In this paper, we demonstrate that carbon-deficient carbide could function as a promising electrode material in Mg2+-ion-based EES. An electrode made of such carbide can operate over an extended window up to 2.4 V in 1 M magnesium acetate, showing superior performance of high capacitance (125.2 F/g), high energy density (25.1 Wh/kg), and high power density (3934.8 W/kg). Ab initio simulation reveals migration energy of Mg2+ being lower than that of Li+ diffusing from one carbon defect to another in the α-MoC1-x lattice, supporting the experimental results that a symmetric supercapacitor made of α-MoC1-x in an electrolyte based on Mg2+ outperforms electrolytes based on Li+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xining Zang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruopeng Zhang
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Brady A, Liang K, Vuong VQ, Sacci R, Prenger K, Thompson M, Matsumoto R, Cummings P, Irle S, Wang HW, Naguib M. Pre-Sodiated Ti 3C 2T x MXene Structure and Behavior as Electrode for Sodium-Ion Capacitors. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2994-3003. [PMID: 33513013 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Layered titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene is a promising electrode material for use in next-generation electrochemical capacitors. However, the atomic-level information needed to correlate the distribution of intercalated cations with surface redox reactions, has not been investigated in detail. Herein we report on sodium preintercalated MXene with high sodium content (up to 2Na per Ti3C2Tx formula) using a solution of Na-biphenyl radical anion complex (E0 ≈ -2.6 SHE). Multiple sodiation sites and formation of a two-dimensional sodium domain structure at interfaces/surfaces is identified through combined computational simulations with neutron pair distribution function analysis. The induced layer charges and the redox process characterized by the density-functional tight-binding method on a local scale are found to greatly depend on the location of sodium ions. Electrochemical testing of the pre-sodiated MXene as an electrode material in a sodium-ion capacitor shows excellent reversibility and promising performance, indicating the feasibility of chemical preintercalation as an approach to prepare MXene electrodes for ion capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Brady
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kun Liang
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Van Quan Vuong
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Robert Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Prenger
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Matt Thompson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Ray Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Peter Cummings
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Stephan Irle
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Hsiu-Wen Wang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Shayesteh Zeraati A, Mirkhani SA, Sun P, Naguib M, Braun PV, Sundararaj U. Improved synthesis of Ti 3C 2T x MXenes resulting in exceptional electrical conductivity, high synthesis yield, and enhanced capacitance. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:3572-3580. [PMID: 33538284 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06671k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, an "Evaporated-Nitrogen" Minimally Intensive Layer Delamination (EN-MILD) synthesis approach is reported to synthesize exceptionally high quality MXene sheets. In the EN-MILD method, the concentrations of acids and Li-ions are continuously increased during the etching process. By implementing the EN-MILD approach, the electrical conductivity increases up to 2.4 × 104 S cm-1, which is the highest reported value to date for Ti3C2Tx MXenes (a traditional MILD approach results in a conductivity of 5.8 × 103 S cm-1). This significant improvement in electrical conductivity arises from the high quality of the synthesized MXene sheets as well as a larger flake size. The EN-MILD synthesis approach also offers high yield of delaminated single MXene layers (up to ∼60% after the first round of washing/centrifugation) and high colloidal concentrations (up to 31 mg ml-1). The working electrode prepared from free-standing MXene paper shows an exceptional capacitance of ≈490 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 in a supercapacitor, which is among the highest values reported for MXene-based supercapacitor electrodes. The exceptional electrical conductivity, high yield of delaminated MXene single layers, and high colloidal concentration of the EN-MILD approach significantly expand the applications of MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Seyyed Alireza Mirkhani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4.
| | - Pengcheng Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Paul V Braun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4.
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Moatasim M, Wang Z, Xie Y, Huang H, Chen N, Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhang H, Yang W. Solving Gravimetric-Volumetric Capacitive Paradox of 2D Materials through Dual-Functional Chemical Bonding-Induced Self-Constructing Graphene-MXene Monoliths. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6339-6348. [PMID: 33502153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High electrical conductivity and all-open microstructure characteristics intrinsically endow both graphene and MXenes with superior electrochemical energy storage capability. However, the above two-dimensional (2D) thicker electrodes (>20 μm) severely dilute their unique rapid electronic-ionic transferring characteristic, posing a paradox of high gravimetric and high volumetric capacitive properties due to massively excessive macropores or an unduly restacked issue. Herein, we elaborately construct novel monolithic NH2-graphene and Ti3C2Tx MXene (NG@MX) composites through dual-functional induced self-assembly with the help of both covalent and hydrogen bonding interactions. Notably, much thicker monolithic NG@MX electrodes (>90 μm) fabricated by a conventional roll-coating method without any further compaction treatment can simultaneously deliver two times gravimetric (gra.) and volumetric (vol.) performance than those of pure graphene (in vol.) or MXene (in gra.) materials. Moreover, monolithic NG@MX-based supercapacitors can remarkably present two times energy density as that of graphene and four times as MXene, respectively. Such greatly enhanced electrochemical properties are closely related to the appropriate equilibrium of the volumetric density and the open structure, which can effectively guarantee the rapid transfer of both electrons and ions in the thick monolithic NG@MX electrodes. Undoubtedly, dual-functional chemical bonding-induced self-constructing NG@MX monoliths efficiently solve the long-existing gra. and vol. capacitive paradox of the thicker 2D materials used in supercapacitors, which will guide the design of high-performance capacitive materials and promote their practical application in electrochemical energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Moatasim
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Zixing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yanting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Ningjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
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Ming F, Liang H, Huang G, Bayhan Z, Alshareef HN. MXenes for Rechargeable Batteries Beyond the Lithium-Ion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004039. [PMID: 33217103 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on next-generation battery technologies (beyond Li-ion batteries, or LIBs) has been accelerating over the past few years. A key challenge for these emerging batteries has been the lack of suitable electrode materials, which severely limits their further developments. MXenes, a new class of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides, are proposed as electrode materials for these emerging batteries due to several desirable attributes. These attributes include large and tunable interlayer spaces, excellent hydrophilicity, extraordinary conductivity, compositional diversity, and abundant surface chemistries, making MXenes promising not only as electrode materials but also as other components in the cells of emerging batteries. Herein, an overview and assessment of the utilization of MXenes in rechargeable batteries beyond LIBs, including alkali-ion (e.g., Na+ , K+ ) storage, multivalent-ion (e.g., Mg2+ , Zn2+ , and Al3+ ) storage, and metal batteries are presented. In particular, the synthetic strategies and properties of MXenes that enable MXenes to play various roles as electrodes, metal anode protective layers, sulfur hosts, separator modification layers, and conductive additives in these emerging batteries are discussed. Moreover, a perspective on promising future research directions on MXenes and MXene-based materials, ranging from material design and processing, fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms, to device performance optimization strategies is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwang Ming
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanfeng Liang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gang Huang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahra Bayhan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Majumdar D. Recent progress in copper sulfide based nanomaterials for high energy supercapacitor applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ibrahim Y, Mohamed A, Abdelgawad AM, Eid K, Abdullah AM, Elzatahry A. The Recent Advances in the Mechanical Properties of Self-Standing Two-Dimensional MXene-Based Nanostructures: Deep Insights into the Supercapacitor. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1916. [PMID: 32992907 PMCID: PMC7599584 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MXenes have emerged as promising materials for various mechanical applications due to their outstanding physicochemical merits, multilayered structures, excellent strength, flexibility, and electrical conductivity. Despite the substantial progress achieved in the rational design of MXenes nanostructures, the tutorial reviews on the mechanical properties of self-standing MXenes were not yet reported to our knowledge. Thus, it is essential to provide timely updates of the mechanical properties of MXenes, due to the explosion of publications in this filed. In pursuit of this aim, this review is dedicated to highlighting the recent advances in the rational design of self-standing MXene with unique mechanical properties for various applications. This includes elastic properties, ideal strengths, bending rigidity, adhesion, and sliding resistance theoretically as well as experimentally supported with various representative paradigms. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of self-standing MXenes were compared with hybrid MXenes and various 2D materials. Then, the utilization of MXenes as supercapacitors for energy storage is also discussed. This review can provide a roadmap for the scientists to tailor the mechanical properties of MXene-based materials for the new generations of energy and sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmin Ibrahim
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelgawad
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Kamel Eid
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | | | - Ahmed Elzatahry
- Materials Science and Technology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Fleischmann S, Mitchell JB, Wang R, Zhan C, Jiang DE, Presser V, Augustyn V. Pseudocapacitance: From Fundamental Understanding to High Power Energy Storage Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6738-6782. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fleischmann
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - James B. Mitchell
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Ruocun Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Quantum Simulation Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - De-en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Volker Presser
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Veronica Augustyn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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48
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Current Trends in MXene-Based Nanomaterials for Energy Storage and Conversion System: A Mini Review. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MXene is deemed to be one of the best attentive materials in an extensive range of applications due to its stupendous optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties. Several MXene-based nanomaterials with extraordinary characteristics have been proposed, prepared, and practiced as a catalyst due to its two-dimensional (2D) structure, large specific surface area, facile decoration, and high adsorption capacity. This review summarizes the synthesis and characterization studies, and the appropriate applications in the catalysis field, exclusively in the energy storage systems. Ultimately, we also discussed the encounters and prospects for the future growth of MXene-based nanomaterials as an efficient candidate in developing efficient energy storage systems. This review delivers crucial knowledge within the scientific community intending to design efficient energy storage systems.
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Huang H, Chu X, Xie Y, Xiong D, Yan C, Zhao H, Zhang H, Yang W. Unraveling and Regulating Self-Discharge Behavior of Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Based Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4916-4924. [PMID: 32186846 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rich chemistry and surface functionalization provide MXenes enhanced electrochemical activity yet severely exacerbate their self-discharge behavior in supercapacitors. However, this self-discharge behavior and its related mechanism are still remaining issues. Herein, we propose a chemically interface-tailored regulation strategy to successfully unravel and efficiently alleviate the self-discharge behavior of Ti3C2Tx MXene-based supercapacitors. As a result, Ti3C2Tx MXenes with fewer F elements (∼0.65 atom %) show a positive self-discharge rate decline of ∼20% in comparison with MXenes with higher F elements (∼8.09 atom %). Such decline of the F elements can highly increase tight-bonding ions corresponding to an individual self-discharge process, naturally resulting in a dramatic 50% increase of the transition potential (VT). Therefore, the mixed self-discharge rate from both tight-bonding (contain fewer F elements) and loose-bonding ions (contain more F elements) is accordingly lowered. Through chemically interface-tailored engineering, the significantly changed average oxidation state and local coordination information on MXene affected the interaction of ion counterparts, which was evidently revealed by X-ray absorption fine structures. Theoretically, this greatly improved self-discharge performance was proven to be from higher adsorption energy between the interface of the electrode and the electrolyte by density functional theory. Therefore, this chemically interface-tailored regulation strategy can guide the design of high-performance MXene-based supercapacitors with low self-discharge behavior and will promote its wider commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Yanting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Da Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
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Al-Temimy A, Prenger K, Golnak R, Lounasvuori M, Naguib M, Petit T. Impact of Cation Intercalation on the Electronic Structure of Ti 3C 2T x MXenes in Sulfuric Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15087-15094. [PMID: 32134245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intercalation in Ti3C2Tx MXene is essential for a diverse set of applications such as water purification, desalination, electrochemical energy storage, and sensing. The interlayer spacing between the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets can be controlled by cation intercalation; however, the impact of intercalation on the Ti3C2Tx MXene chemical and electronic structures is not well understood. Herein, we characterized the electronic structure of pristine, Li-, Na-, K-, and Mg-intercalated Ti3C2Tx MXenes dispersed initially in water and 10 mM sulfuric acid (H2SO4) using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The cation intercalation is found to dramatically influence the chemical environment of Ti atoms. The Ti oxidation of the MXene increases progressively upon intercalation of cations of larger sizes after drying in air, while interestingly a low Ti oxidation is observed for all intercalated MXenes after dispersion in diluted H2SO4. In situ XAS at the Ti L-edge was conducted during electrochemical oxidation to probe the changes in the Ti oxidation state in the presence of different cations in H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. By applying the sensitivity of the Ti L-edge to probe the oxidation state of Ti atoms, we demonstrate that cation-intercalation and H2SO4 environment significantly alter the Ti3C2Tx surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Al-Temimy
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaitlyn Prenger
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Ronny Golnak
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mailis Lounasvuori
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Tristan Petit
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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