1
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Zhang P, Niemelä E, López Cerdá S, Sorvisto P, Virtanen J, Santos HA. Host-Directed Virus-Mimicking Particles Interacting with the ACE2 Receptor Competitively Block Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Entry. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4064-4071. [PMID: 38466130 PMCID: PMC11010226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we fabricate host-directed virus-mimicking particles (VMPs) to block the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into host cells through competitive inhibition enabled by their interactions with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. A microfluidic platform is developed to fabricate a lipid core of the VMPs with a narrow size distribution and a low level of batch-to-batch variation. The resultant solid lipid nanoparticles are decorated with an average of 231 or 444 Spike S1 RBD protrusions mimicking either the original SARS-CoV-2 or its delta variant, respectively. Compared with that of the nonfunctionalized core, the cell uptake of the functionalized VMPs is enhanced with ACE2-expressing cells due to their strong interactions with the ACE2 receptor. The fabricated VMPs efficiently block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirions into host cells and suppress viral infection. Overall, this study provides potential strategies for preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 or other coronaviruses employing the ACE2 receptor to enter into host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Erik Niemelä
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Sandra López Cerdá
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Pasi Sorvisto
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Jani Virtanen
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Niżnik Ł, Noga M, Kobylarz D, Frydrych A, Krośniak A, Kapka-Skrzypczak L, Jurowski K. Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)-Toxicity, Safety and Green Synthesis: A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4057. [PMID: 38612865 PMCID: PMC11012566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the extensive exploration of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) has captivated the scientific community due to their versatile applications across various industries. With sizes typically ranging from 1 to 100 nm, AuNPs have emerged as promising entities for innovative technologies. This article comprehensively reviews recent advancements in AuNPs research, encompassing synthesis methodologies, diverse applications, and crucial insights into their toxicological profiles. Synthesis techniques for AuNPs span physical, chemical, and biological routes, focusing on eco-friendly "green synthesis" approaches. A critical examination of physical and chemical methods reveals their limitations, including high costs and the potential toxicity associated with using chemicals. Moreover, this article investigates the biosafety implications of AuNPs, shedding light on their potential toxic effects on cellular, tissue, and organ levels. By synthesizing key findings, this review underscores the pressing need for a thorough understanding of AuNPs toxicities, providing essential insights for safety assessment and advancing green toxicology principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Niżnik
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertise, Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland (K.J.)
| | - Maciej Noga
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertise, Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland (K.J.)
| | - Damian Kobylarz
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertise, Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland (K.J.)
| | - Adrian Frydrych
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Alicja Krośniak
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertise, Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland (K.J.)
| | - Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- World Institute for Family Health, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Kamil Jurowski
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertise, Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland (K.J.)
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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3
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Cai X, Refaat A, Gan PY, Fan B, Yu H, Thang SH, Drummond CJ, Voelcker NH, Tran N, Zhai J. Angiopep-2-Functionalized Lipid Cubosomes for Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing and Glioblastoma Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:12161-12174. [PMID: 38416873 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with high malignancy and resistance to conventional treatments, resulting in a bleak prognosis. Nanoparticles offer a way to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver precise therapies to tumor sites with reduced side effects. In this study, we developed angiopep-2 (Ang2)-functionalized lipid cubosomes loaded with cisplatin (CDDP) and temozolomide (TMZ) for crossing the BBB and providing targeted glioblastoma therapy. Developed lipid cubosomes showed a particle size of around 300 nm and possessed an internal ordered inverse primitive cubic phase, a high conjugation efficiency of Ang2 to the particle surface, and an encapsulation efficiency of more than 70% of CDDP and TMZ. In vitro models, including BBB hCMEC/D3 cell tight monolayer, 3D BBB cell spheroid, and microfluidic BBB/GBM-on-a-chip models with cocultured BBB and glioblastoma cells, were employed to study the efficiency of the developed cubosomes to cross the BBB and showed that Ang2-functionalized cubosomes can penetrate the BBB more effectively. Furthermore, Ang2-functionalized cubosomes showed significantly higher uptake by U87 glioblastoma cells, with a 3-fold increase observed in the BBB/GBM-on-a-chip model as compared to that of the bare cubosomes. Additionally, the in vivo biodistribution showed that Ang2 modification could significantly enhance the brain accumulation of cubosomes in comparison to that of non-functionalized particles. Moreover, CDDP-loaded Ang2-functionalized cubosomes presented an enhanced toxic effect on U87 spheroids. These findings suggest that the developed Ang2-cubosomes are prospective for improved BBB crossing and enhanced delivery of therapeutics to glioblastoma and are worth pursuing further as a potential application of nanomedicine for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Cai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Ahmed Refaat
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Poh-Yi Gan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Bo Fan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Haitao Yu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - San H Thang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
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4
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Steffes VM, Zhang Z, Ewert KK, Safinya CR. Cryo-TEM Reveals the Influence of Multivalent Charge and PEGylation on Shape Transitions in Fluid Lipid Assemblies: From Vesicles to Discs, Rods, and Spheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18424-18436. [PMID: 38051205 PMCID: PMC10799670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, and cationic lipids in particular are of interest as delivery vectors for hydrophobic drugs such as the cancer therapeutic paclitaxel, and the structures of lipid assemblies affect their efficacy. We investigated the effect of incorporating the multivalent cationic lipid MVL5 (+5e) and poly(ethylene glycol)-lipids (PEG-lipids), alone and in combination, on the structure of fluid-phase lipid assemblies of the charge-neutral lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (DOPC). This allowed us to elucidate lipid-assembly structure correlations in sonicated formulations with high charge density, which are not accessible with univalent lipids such as the well-studied DOTAP (+1e). Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) allowed us to determine the structure of the lipid assemblies, revealing diverse combinations of vesicles and disc-shaped, worm-like, and spherical micelles. Remarkably, MVL5 forms an essentially pure phase of disc micelles at 50 mol % MVL5. At a higher (75 mol %) content of MVL5, short- and intermediate-length worm-like micellar rods were observed, and in ternary mixtures with PEG-lipid, longer and highly flexible worm-like micelles formed. Independent of their length, the worm-like micelles coexisted with spherical micelles. In stark contrast, DOTAP forms mixtures of vesicles, disc micelles, and spherical micelles at all studied compositions, even when combined with PEG-lipids. The observed similarities and differences in the effects of charge (multivalent versus univalent) and high curvature (multivalent charge versus PEG-lipid) on the assembly structure provide insights into parameters that control the size of fluid lipid nanodiscs, relevant for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M. Steffes
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Zhening Zhang
- The National Resource for Automated Molecular Microscopy, Simons Electron Microscopy Center, New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Present Address: Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Department, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kai K. Ewert
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Cyrus R. Safinya
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Physics Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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5
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Yaghmur A, Moghimi SM. Intrinsic and Dynamic Heterogeneity of Nonlamellar Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanodispersions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22183-22195. [PMID: 37943319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonlamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles are a family of versatile nano-self-assemblies, which are finding increasing applications in drug solubilization and targeted drug delivery. LLC nanodispersions are heterogeneous with discrete nanoparticle subpopulations of distinct internal architecture and morphology, frequently coexisting with micelles and/or vesicles. Diversity in the internal architectural repertoire of LLC nanodispersions grants versatility in drug solubilization, encapsulation, and release rate. However, drug incorporation contributes to the heterogeneity of LLC nanodispersions, and on exposure to biological media, LLC nanodispersions often undergo nanostructural and morphological transformations. From a pharmaceutical perspective, coexistence of multiple types of nanoparticles with diverse structural attributes, together with media-driven transformations in colloidal characteristics, brings challenges in dissecting biological and therapeutic performance of LLC nanodispersions in a spatiotemporal manner. Here, we outline innate and acquired heterogeneity of LLC nanodispersions and discuss technological developments and alternative approaches needed to improve homogeneity of LLC formulations for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - S Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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6
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Chavda VP, Dyawanapelly S, Dawre S, Ferreira-Faria I, Bezbaruah R, Rani Gogoi N, Kolimi P, Dave DJ, Paiva-Santos AC, Vora LK. Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases: Drug delivery and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123546. [PMID: 37884213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystal (LC)-based nanoformulations may efficiently deliver drugs and therapeutics to targeted biological sites. Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases (LLCPs) have received much interest in recent years due to their unique structural characteristics of both isotropic liquids and crystalline solids. These LLCPs can be utilized as promising drug delivery systems to deliver drugs, proteins, peptides and vaccines because of their improved drug loading, stabilization, and controlled drug release. The effects of molecule shape, microsegregation, and chirality are very important in the formation of liquid crystalline phases (LCPs). Homogenization of self-assembled amphiphilic lipids, water and stabilizers produces LLCPs with different types of mesophases, bicontinuous cubic (cubosomes) and inverse hexagonal (hexosomes). Moreover, many studies have also shown higher bioadhesivity and biocompatibility of LCs due to their structural resemblance to biological membranes, thus making them more efficient for targeted drug delivery. In this review, an outline of the engineering aspects of LLCPs and polymer-based LLCPs is summarized. Moreover, it covers parenteral, oral, transdermal delivery and medical imaging of LC in targeting various tissues and is discussed with a scope to design more efficient next-generation novel nanosystems. In addition, a detailed overview of advanced liquid crystal-based drug delivery for vaccines and biomedical applications is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India; Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm. Technology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar 382023, Gujarat, India.
| | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Shilpa Dawre
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Shirpur, India
| | - Inês Ferreira-Faria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rajashri Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Niva Rani Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Praveen Kolimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Divyang J Dave
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm. Technology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar 382023, Gujarat, India
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK.
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7
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Balestri A, Gibot L, Amenitisch H, Cervelli L, Montis C, Lonetti B, Berti D. PNIPAM-stabilized cubosomes as fusogenic delivery nanovectors for anticancer applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 231:113532. [PMID: 37722254 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lipid cubic nanoparticles have emerged as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery, due to the several advantages they exhibit with respect to other lipid systems. Here, we report on lipid cubic nanoparticles stabilized by PNIPAM-based amphiphilic block copolymers, specifically, poly(N, N-dimethylacrylamide)-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PDMA-b-PNIPAM), as a new class of drug delivery systems (DDS). In vitro studies on the internalization efficiency of the DDS towards two types of human cancer cells (colon HCT-116 and bladder T24 cells), carried out employing a set of sensitive techniques (confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence spectroscopy), highlight a prominent role of PDMA-b-PNIPAM stabilizer in enhancing the uptake of cubosomes, compared to the standard Pluronic F127-based formulations. The drug delivery potential of cubosomes, tested by encapsulating a chemotherapeutic drug, camptothecin (CPT), and conducting cytotoxicity studies against 2D plated cells and 3D spheroids, confirm that PDMA-b-PNIPAM-stabilized cubosomes improve the efficacy of treatment with CPT. The origin of this effect lies in the higher lipophilicity of the stabilizer, as we confirm by studying the interaction between the cubosomes and biomimetic membranes of lipid vesicles with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and CLSM experiments. These results corroborate our fundamental understanding of the interaction between cubosomes and cells, and on the role of polymer to formulate lipid cubic nanoparticles as DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Balestri
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS) & Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Laure Gibot
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Rte de Narbonne, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Heinz Amenitisch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Lorenzo Cervelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS) & Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Costanza Montis
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS) & Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Barbara Lonetti
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Rte de Narbonne, Toulouse 31062, France.
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS) & Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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8
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Tan KF, In LLA, Vijayaraj Kumar P. Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles for Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Antitumor Efficiency. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2944-2981. [PMID: 37435615 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Fai Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Lionel Lian Aun In
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Palanirajan Vijayaraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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9
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Blanco-Fernández G, Blanco-Fernandez B, Fernández-Ferreiro A, Otero-Espinar FJ. Lipidic lyotropic liquid crystals: Insights on biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 313:102867. [PMID: 36889183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals (LCs) possess unique physicochemical properties, translatable into a wide range of applications. To date, lipidic lyotropic LCs (LLCs) have been extensively explored in drug delivery and imaging owing to the capability to encapsulate and release payloads with different characteristics. The current landscape of lipidic LLCs in biomedical applications is provided in this review. Initially, the main properties, types, methods of fabrication and applications of LCs are showcased. Then, a comprehensive discussion of the main biomedical applications of lipidic LLCs accordingly to the application (drug and biomacromolecule delivery, tissue engineering and molecular imaging) and route of administration is examined. Further discussion of the main limitations and perspectives of lipidic LLCs in biomedical applications are also provided. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Liquid crystals (LCs) are those systems between a solid and liquid state that possess unique morphological and physicochemical properties, translatable into a wide range of biomedical applications. A short description of the properties of LCs, their types and manufacturing procedures is given to serve as a background to the topic. Then, the latest and most innovative research in the field of biomedicine is examined, specifically the areas of drug and biomacromolecule delivery, tissue engineering and molecular imaging. Finally, prospects of LCs in biomedicine are discussed to show future trends and perspectives that might be utilized. This article is an ampliation, improvement and actualization of our previous short forum article "Bringing lipidic lyotropic liquid crystal technology into biomedicine" published in TIPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Blanco-Fernández
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Paraquasil Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Materials (iMATUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bárbara Blanco-Fernandez
- CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Otero-Espinar
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Paraquasil Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Materials (iMATUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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10
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Bor G, Lin JH, Lin KY, Chen HC, Prajnamitra RP, Salentinig S, Hsieh PCH, Moghimi SM, Yaghmur A. PEGylation of Phosphatidylglycerol/Docosahexaenoic Acid Hexosomes with d-α-Tocopheryl Succinate Poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 Induces Morphological Transformation into Vesicles with Prolonged Circulation Times. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:48449-48463. [PMID: 36271846 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Considering the broad therapeutic potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), here we study the effect of PEGylation of DHA-incorporated hexosomes on their physicochemical characteristics and biodistribution following intravenous injection into mice. Hexosomes were formed from phosphatidylglycerol and DHA with a weight ratio of 3:2. PEGylation was achieved through the incorporation of either d-α-tocopheryl succinate poly(ethylene glycol)2000 (TPGS-mPEG2000) or 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)2000 (DSPE-mPEG2000) at a concentration of 1.5 wt %. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, synchrotron small-angle scattering, and cryo-transmission electron microscopy were employed to characterize the nanodispersions. The results show that PEGylated lipids induce a structural transition from an inverse hexagonal (H2) phase inside the nanoparticles (hexosomes) to a lamellar (Lα) phase (vesicles). We also followed the effect of mouse plasma on the nanodispersion size distribution, number, and morphology because changes brought by plasma constituents could regulate the in vivo performance of intravenously injected nanodispersions. For comparative biodistribution studies, fluorescently labeled nanodispersions of equivalent quantum yields were injected intravenously into healthy mice. TPGS-mPEG2000-induced vesicles were most effective in avoiding hepatosplenic clearance at early time points. In an orthotopic xenograft murine model of glioblastoma, TPGS-mPEG2000-induced vesicles also showed improved localization to the brain compared with native hexosomes. We discuss these observations and their implications for the future design of injectable lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline drug delivery nanosystems for therapeutic interventions of brain and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Bor
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen ØDK-2100, Denmark
| | - Jen-Hao Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11511529, Taiwan
| | - Kui-Yu Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien97004, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11511529, Taiwan
| | | | - Stefan Salentinig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg1700, Switzerland
| | - Patrick C H Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11511529, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine and Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin53705, United States
- Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10011529, Taiwan
| | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU, U.K
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, U.K
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado80045, United States
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen ØDK-2100, Denmark
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11
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Progress and challenges of lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles for innovative therapies. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Rajesh S, Leiske MN, Leitch V, Zhai J, Drummond CJ, Kempe K, Tran N. Lipidic poly(2-oxazoline)s as PEG replacement steric stabilisers for cubosomes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.158
expr 856459513 + 838290945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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13
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14
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Lim C, Shin Y, Lee S, Lee S, Lee MY, Shin BS, Oh KT. Dynamic drug release state and PEG length in PEGylated liposomal formulations define the distribution and pharmacological performance of drug. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Thermo-responsive lipophilic NIPAM-based block copolymers as stabilizers for lipid-based cubic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Potential of curcumin-loaded cubosomes for topical treatment of cervical cancer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 620:419-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Chavda VP, Dawre S, Pandya A, Vora LK, Modh DH, Shah V, Dave DJ, Patravale V. Lyotropic liquid crystals for parenteral drug delivery. J Control Release 2022; 349:533-549. [PMID: 35792188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The necessity for long-term treatments of chronic diseases has encouraged the development of novel long-acting parenteral formulations intending to improve drug pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy. Lately, one of the novel approaches has been developed based on lipid-based liquid crystals. The lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) systems consist of amphiphilic molecules and are formed in presence of solvents with the most common types being cubic, hexagonal and lamellar mesophases. LC injectables have been recently developed based on polar lipids that spontaneously form liquid crystal nanoparticles in aqueous tissue environments to create the in-situ long-acting sustained-release depot to provide treatment efficacy over extended periods. In this manuscript, we have consolidated and summarized the various type of liquid crystals, recent formulation advancements, analytical evaluation, and therapeutic application of lyotropic liquid crystals in the field of parenteral sustained release drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India; Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm, Technology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar 382023, Gujarat, India.
| | - Shilpa Dawre
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Shirpur, India
| | - Anjali Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Dharti H Modh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Vidhi Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Divyang J Dave
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm, Technology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar 382023, Gujarat, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India
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18
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Rajesh S, Gangadoo S, Nguyen H, Zhai J, Dekiwadia C, Drummond CJ, Chapman J, Truong VK, Tran N. Application of Fluconazole-Loaded pH-Sensitive Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antifungal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32845-32854. [PMID: 35850116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like fungus that can cause the life-threatening disease cryptococcal meningitis. Numerous reports have shown increased resistance of this fungus against antifungal treatments, such as fluconazole (Fluc), contributing to an 80% global mortality rate. This work presents a novel approach to improve the delivery of the antifungal agent Fluc and increase the drug's targetability and availability at the infection site. Exploiting the acidic environment surrounding a C. neoformans infected site, we have developed pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticles (LNP) encapsulating Fluc to inhibit the growth of resistant C. neoformans. The LNP-Fluc delivery system consists of a neutral lipid monoolein (MO) and a novel synthetic ionizable lipid 2-morpholinoethyl oleate (O2ME). At neutral pH, because of the presence of O2ME, the nanoparticles are neutral and exhibit a liquid crystalline hexagonal nanostructure (hexosomes). At an acidic pH, they are positively charged with a cubic nanostructure (cubosomes), which facilitates the interaction with the negatively charged fungal cell wall. This interaction results in the MIC50 and MIC90 values of the LNP-Fluc being significantly lower than that of the free-Fluc control. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy further support the MIC values, showing fungal cells exposed to LNP-Fluc at acidic pH were heavily distorted, demonstrating efflux of cytoplasmic molecules. In contrast, fungal cells exposed to Fluc alone showed cell walls mostly intact. This current study represents a significant advancement in delivering targeted antifungal therapy to combat fungal antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarigama Rajesh
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sheeana Gangadoo
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Han Nguyen
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5043, South Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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19
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Shan X, Luo L, Yu Z, You J. Recent advances in versatile inverse lyotropic liquid crystals. J Control Release 2022; 348:1-21. [PMID: 35636617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the rapid and significant progress in advanced materials and life sciences, nanotechnology is increasingly gaining in popularity. Among numerous bio-mimicking carriers, inverse lyotropic liquid crystals are known for their unique properties. These carriers make accommodation of molecules with varied characteristics achievable due to their complicated topologies. Besides, versatile symmetries of inverse LCNPs (lyotropic crystalline nanoparticles) and their aggregating bulk phases allow them to be applied in a wide range of fields including drug delivery, food, cosmetics, material sciences etc. In this review, in-depth summary, discussion and outlook for inverse lyotropic liquid crystals are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zhixin Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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20
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Waghule T, Laxmi Swetha K, Roy A, Narayan Saha R, Singhvi G. Quality by design assisted optimization of temozolomide loaded PEGylated lyotropic liquid crystals: Investigating various formulation and process variables along with in-vitro characterization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanostructures as Drug Delivery Systems and Vaccine Platforms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040429. [PMID: 35455426 PMCID: PMC9028109 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyotropic liquid crystals result from the self-assembly process of amphiphilic molecules, such as lipids, into water, being organized in different mesophases. The non-lamellar formed mesophases, such as bicontinuous cubic (cubosomes) and inverse hexagonal (hexosomes), attract great scientific interest in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology. In the present review, an overview of the engineering and characterization of non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanosystems (LLCN) is provided, focusing on their advantages as drug delivery nanocarriers and innovative vaccine platforms. It is described that non-lamellar LLCN can be utilized as drug delivery nanosystems, as well as for protein, peptide, and nucleic acid delivery. They exhibit major advantages, including stimuli-responsive properties for the “on demand” drug release delivery and the ability for controlled release by manipulating their internal conformation properties and their administration by different routes. Moreover, non-lamellar LLCN exhibit unique adjuvant properties to activate the immune system, being ideal for the development of novel vaccines. This review outlines the recent advances in lipid-based liquid crystalline technology and highlights the unique features of such systems, with a hopeful scope to contribute to the rational design of future nanosystems.
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22
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Almoshari Y. Development, Therapeutic Evaluation and Theranostic Applications of Cubosomes on Cancers: An Updated Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030600. [PMID: 35335975 PMCID: PMC8954425 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a group of disorders characterized by aberrant gene function and alterations in gene expression patterns. In 2020, it was anticipated that 19 million new cancer cases would be diagnosed globally, with around 10 million cancer deaths. Late diagnosis and interventions are the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. In addition, the absence of comprehensive cancer therapy adds to the burden. Many lyotropic non-lamellar liquid-crystalline-nanoparticle-mediated formulations have been developed in the last few decades, with promising results in drug delivery, therapeutics, and diagnostics. Cubosomes are nano-structured liquid-crystalline particles made of specific amphiphilic lipids in particular proportions. Their ability to encapsulate lipophilic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic molecules within their structure makes them one of a kind. They are biocompatible, versatile drug carriers that can deliver medications through various routes of administration. Many preclinical studies on the use of cubosomes in cancer treatment and theranostic applications have been conducted. However, before cubosomes may be employed in clinical practice, significant technical advances must be accomplished. This review summarizes the development of cubosomes and their multifunctional role in cancer treatment based on the most recent reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Abourehab MA, Ansari MJ, Singh A, Hassan A, Abdelgawad MA, Shrivastav P, Abualsoud BM, Amaral LS, Pramanik S. Cubosomes as an emerging platform for drug delivery: a state-of-the-art review. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2781-2819. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00031h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based drug delivery nanoparticles, including non-lamellar type, mesophasic nanostructured materials of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs), have been a topic of interest for researchers for their applications in encapsulation of drugs...
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24
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Yeo T, She DT, Nai MH, Marcelo Valerio VL, Pan Y, Middha E, Lim CT, Liu B. Differential Collective Cell Migratory Behaviors Modulated by Phospholipid Nanocarriers. ACS NANO 2021; 15:17412-17425. [PMID: 34767716 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid nanocarriers have been widely explored for theranostic and nanomedicine applications. These amphiphilic nanocarriers possess outstanding cargo encapsulation efficiency, high water dispersibility, and excellent biocompatibility, which render them promising for drug delivery and bioimaging applications. While the biological applications of phospholipid nanocarriers have been well documented, the fundamental aspects of the phospholipid-cell interactions beyond cytotoxicity have been less investigated. In particular, the effect of phospholipid nanocarriers on collective cell behaviors has not been elucidated. Herein, we evaluate the interactions of phospholipid nanocarriers possessing different functional groups and sizes with normal and cancerous immortalized breast epithelial cell sheets with varying metastatic potential. Specifically, we examine the impact of nanocarrier treatments on the collective migratory dynamics of these cell sheets. We observe that phospholipid nanocarriers induce differential collective cell migratory behaviors, where the migration speed of normal and cancerous breast epithelial cell sheets is retarded and accelerated, respectively. To a certain extent, the nanocarriers are able to alter the migration trajectory of the cancerous breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, phospholipid nanocarriers could modulate the stiffness of the nuclei, cytoplasm, and cell-cell junctions of the breast epithelial cell sheets, remodel their actin filament arrangement, and regulate the expressions of the actin-related proteins. We anticipate that this work will further shed light on nanomaterial-cell interactions and provide guidelines for rational and safer designs and applications of phospholipid nanocarriers for cancer theranostics and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trifanny Yeo
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - David T She
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Mui Hoon Nai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Von Luigi Marcelo Valerio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Yutong Pan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Eshu Middha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have shown great promise in treating a broad spectrum of diseases through various mechanisms including knockdown of pathological genes, expression of therapeutic proteins, and programmed gene editing. Due to the inherent instability and negative-charges of RNA molecules, RNA-based therapeutics can make the most use of delivery systems to overcome biological barriers and to release the RNA payload into the cytosol. Among different types of delivery systems, lipid-based RNA delivery systems, particularly lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), have been extensively studied due to their unique properties, such as simple chemical synthesis of lipid components, scalable manufacturing processes of LNPs, and wide packaging capability. LNPs represent the most widely used delivery systems for RNA-based therapeutics, as evidenced by the clinical approvals of three LNP-RNA formulations, patisiran, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273. This review covers recent advances of lipids, lipid derivatives, and lipid-derived macromolecules used in RNA delivery over the past several decades. We focus mainly on their chemical structures, synthetic routes, characterization, formulation methods, and structure-activity relationships. We also briefly describe the current status of representative preclinical studies and clinical trials and highlight future opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebao Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Changzhen Sun
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chang Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Katarina E Jankovic
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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26
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Forys A, Chountoulesi M, Mendrek B, Konieczny T, Sentoukas T, Godzierz M, Kordyka A, Demetzos C, Pispas S, Trzebicka B. The Influence of Hydrophobic Blocks of PEO-Containing Copolymers on Glyceryl Monooleate Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162607. [PMID: 34451146 PMCID: PMC8399356 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of properties of amphiphilic block copolymers as stabilizers for non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles represents a fundamental issue for the formation, stability and upgraded functionality of these nanosystems. The aim of this work is to use amphiphilic block copolymers, not studied before, as stabilizers of glyceryl monooleate 1-(cis-9-octadecenoyl)-rac-glycerol (GMO) colloidal dispersions. Nanosystems were prepared with the use of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEO-b-PLA) and poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(5-methyl-5-ethyloxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one) (PEO-b-PMEC) block copolymers. Different GMO:polymer molar ratios lead to formulation of nanoparticles with different size and internal organization, depending on the type of hydrophobic block. Resveratrol was loaded into the nanosystems as a model hydrophobic drug. The physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the prepared nanosystems were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The studies allowed the description of the lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles and evaluation of impact of copolymer composition on these nanosystems. The structures formed in GMO:block copolymer colloidal dispersions were compared with those discussed previously. The investigations broaden the toolbox of polymeric stabilizers for the development of this type of hybrid polymer/lipid nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (C.D.)
| | - Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Tomasz Konieczny
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Theodore Sentoukas
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Marcin Godzierz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kordyka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (C.D.)
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.M.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (M.G.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Bor G, Salentinig S, Şahin E, Nur Ödevci B, Roursgaard M, Liccardo L, Hamerlik P, Moghimi SM, Yaghmur A. Cell medium-dependent dynamic modulation of size and structural transformations of binary phospholipid/ω-3 fatty acid liquid crystalline nano-self-assemblies: Implications in interpretation of cell uptake studies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 606:464-479. [PMID: 34399363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lyotropic non-lamellar liquid crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles, with their tunable structural features and capability of loading a wide range of drugs and reporter probes, are emerging as versatile injectable nanopharmaceuticals. Secondary emulsifiers, such as Pluronic block copolymers, are commonly used for colloidal stabilization of LLC nanoparticles, but their inclusion often compromises the biological safety (e.g., poor hemocompatibility and enhanced cytotoxicity) of the formulation. Here, we introduce a library of colloidally stable, structurally tunable, and pH-responsive lamellar and non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles from binary mixtures of a phospholipid (phosphatidylglycerol) and three types of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), prepared in the absence of a secondary emulsifier and organic solvents. We study formulation size distribution, morphological heterogeneity, and the arrangement of their internal self-assembled architectures by nanoparticle tracking analysis, synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering, and cryo-transmission electron microscopy. The results show the influence of type and concentration of ω-3 PUFAs in nanoparticle structural transitions spanning from a lamellar (Lα) phase to inverse discontinuous (micellar) cubic Fd3m and hexagonal phase (H2) phases, respectively. We further report on cell-culture medium-dependent dynamic fluctuations in nanoparticle size, number and morphology, and simultaneously monitor uptake kinetics in two human cell lines. We discuss the role of these multiparametric biophysical transformations on nanoparticle-cell interaction kinetics and internalization mechanisms. Collectively, our findings contribute to the understanding of fundamental steps that are imperative for improved engineering of LLC nanoparticles with necessary attributes for pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Bor
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stefan Salentinig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Evrim Şahin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Begüm Nur Ödevci
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Letizia Liccardo
- Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari Università di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Sun X, Du JD, Hawley A, Tan A, Boyd BJ. Magnetically-stimulated transformations in the nanostructure of PEGylated phytantriol-based nanoparticles for on-demand drug release. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112005. [PMID: 34339967 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based liquid crystalline (LLC) systems are formed by the self-assembly of lipid materials in aqueous environments. The internal nanostructures of LLC systems can be manipulated using remote stimuli and have the potential to serve as 'on-demand' drug delivery systems. In this study, a magnetically-responsive system that displayed a transition in nanostructure from liposomes to cubosomes/hexasomes under external alternating magnetic field (AMF) was established by the incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) into a PEGylated phytantriol (PHYT)-based LLC system. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was utilized to assess the equilibrium phase behaviour of the systems with different compositions of the lipids to find the optimized formulation. Time-resolved SAXS was then used to determine the dynamic transformation of nanostructures of the IONP-containing systems with the activation of AMF. The formulation containing PHYT and DSPE-PEG2000 at a 95 to 5 molar percent ratio produced a transition from lamellar phase to bicontinuous cubic phase, showing a slow-to-fast drug release profile. Inclusion of either 5 nm or 15 nm IONPs imparted magnetic-responsiveness to the system. The magnetically-responsive system produced an 'on-demand' drug delivery system from which the drug release was able to be triggered externally by AMF-stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Sun
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Joanne D Du
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Adrian Hawley
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Angel Tan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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29
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Nguyen VP, Qian W, Wang X, Paulus YM. Functionalized contrast agents for multimodality photoacoustic microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescence microscopy molecular retinal imaging. Methods Enzymol 2021; 657:443-480. [PMID: 34353498 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) targeting contrast agents have been investigated as great photoabsorbers to improve photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), OCT, and fluorescence imaging contrast for visualization of various diseases. In ophthalmology, a limited number of NIR contrast agents have been approved for clinical use. Recently, gold nanoparticles with different size and shapes have been developed for molecular imaging. This chapter provides the principles of multimodality PAM, OCT, and fluorescence imaging as well as a brief overview of contrast agents for optical imaging. A detailed protocol for the fabrication of discrete colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNPs), synthesis of functionalized RGD-conjugated chain-like GNP (CGNP) clusters labeled with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence dye (ICG@CGNP clusters-RGD), and validation of the synthesized nanoparticles to evaluate newly developed blood vessels in the retina, named choroidal neovascularization (CNV), is described. Using RGD peptide, ICG@CGNPs clusters-RGD can bind integrin which is expressed on activated endothelial cells and newly developed CNV. The targeting efficiency of nanoparticles is monitored by multimodality PAM, OCT, and fluorescence imaging longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Phuc Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; NTT-Hitech Institutes, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Wei Qian
- IMRA America Inc, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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30
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Sani A, Cao C, Cui D. Toxicity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs): A review. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100991. [PMID: 33912692 PMCID: PMC8063742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials that have received great interest in field of biomedicine due to their electrical, mechanical, thermal, chemical and optical properties. With these great potentials came the consequence of their interaction with biological tissues and molecules which presents the possibility of toxicity. This paper aims to consolidate and bring forward the studies performed that evaluate the toxicological aspect of AuNPs which were categorized into in vivo and in vitro studies. Both indicate to some extent oxidative damage to tissues and cell lines used in vivo and in vitro respectively with the liver, spleen and kidney most affected. The outcome of these review showed small controversy but however, the primary toxicity and its extent is collectively determined by the characteristics, preparations and physicochemical properties of the NPs. Some studies have shown that AuNPs are not toxic, though many other studies contradict this statement. In order to have a holistic inference, more studies are required that will focus on characterization of NPs and changes of physical properties before and after treatment with biological media. So also, they should incorporate controlled experiment which includes supernatant control Since most studies dwell on citrate or CTAB-capped AuNPs, there is the need to evaluate the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of functionalized AuNPs with their surface composition which in turn affects their toxicity. Functionalizing the NPs surface with more peculiar ligands would however help regulate and detoxify the uptake of these NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sani
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Nigeria
| | - C. Cao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - D. Cui
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
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31
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Zhai J, Fan B, Thang SH, Drummond CJ. Novel Amphiphilic Block Copolymers for the Formation of Stimuli-Responsive Non-Lamellar Lipid Nanoparticles. Molecules 2021; 26:3648. [PMID: 34203820 PMCID: PMC8232580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) lipid nanoparticles contain internal multidimensional nanostructures such as the inverse bicontinuous cubic and the inverse hexagonal mesophases, which can respond to external stimuli and have the potential of controlling drug release. To date, the internal LLC mesophase responsiveness of these lipid nanoparticles is largely achieved by adding ionizable small molecules to the parent lipid such as monoolein (MO), the mixture of which is then dispersed into nanoparticle suspensions by commercially available poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers. In this study, the Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) technique was used to synthesize a series of novel amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs) containing a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block, a hydrophobic block and one or two responsive blocks, i.e., poly(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzyl acrylate) (PTBA) and/or poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA). High throughput small angle X-ray scattering studies demonstrated that the synthesized ABCs could simultaneously stabilize a range of LLC MO nanoparticles (vesicles, cubosomes, hexosomes, inverse micelles) and provide internal particle nanostructure responsiveness to changes of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, pH and temperature. It was found that the novel functional ABCs can substitute for the commercial polymer stabilizer and the ionizable additive in the formation of next generation non-lamellar lipid nanoparticles. These novel formulations have the potential to control drug release in the tumor microenvironment with endogenous H2O2 and acidic pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Bo Fan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (B.F.); (S.H.T.)
| | - San H. Thang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (B.F.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Calum J. Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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Cao J, Huang J, Gui S, Chu X. Preparation, Synergism, and Biocompatibility of in situ Liquid Crystals Loaded with Sinomenine and 5-Fluorouracil for Treatment of Liver Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3725-3739. [PMID: 34103913 PMCID: PMC8178703 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s207607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Transarterial chemoembolization is the preferred treatment for patients with middle and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, most hepatic artery embolization agents have various disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate phytantriol-based liquid crystal injections for potential use in treatment of HCC. METHODS Using sinomenine (SN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as model drugs, three precursor in situ liquid crystal injections based on phytantriol (P1, P2, and P3) were prepared, and their in vitro biocompatibility, anticancer activity, and drug release investigated, to evaluate their feasibility for use in treatment of HCC. The properties of the precursor injections and subsequent cubic liquid crystal gels were observed by visual and polarizing microscopy, in an in vitro gelation experiment. Biocompatibility was evaluated by in vitro hemolysis, histocompatibility, and cytotoxicity assays. RESULTS Precursor injections were colorless liquids that formed transparent cubic liquid crystal gels on addition of excess water. The three precursor injections all caused slight hemolysis, without agglutination, and were mildly cytotoxic. Histocompatibility experiments showed that P1 had good histocompatibility, while P2 and P3 resulted in strong inflammatory responses, which subsequently resolved spontaneously. In vitro anti-cancer testing showed that SN and 5-FU inhibited HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and had synergistic effects. Further, in vitro release assays indicated that all three preparations had sustained release effects, with cumulative release of >80% within 48 h. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SN and 5-FU have synergistic inhibitory effects on HepG2 cells, which has not previously been reported. Moreover, we describe a biocompatible precursor injection, useful as a drug carrier for the treatment of liver cancer, which can achieve targeting, sustained release, synergistic chemotherapy, and embolization. These data indicate that precursor injections containing SN and 5-FU have great potential for use in therapy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Wu H, Cui Z, Huo Y, Sun Y, Zhang X, Guan J, Mao S. Influence of drug-carrier compatibility and preparation method on the properties of paclitaxel-loaded lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:2800-2807. [PMID: 33785353 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to elucidate the influence of drug-carrier compatibility and preparation method on the properties of Paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCNs). Here, glyceryl monooleate (GMO), glycerol monolinoleate (GML), glyceryl monolinolenate (GMLO) were selected as the lipids, and Soluplus, Poloxamer 407 (P407), Tween 80 were selected as the stabilizer to prepare LLCNs. First of all, PTX-carrier compatibility was screened by molecular dynamic simulation using Flory-Huggins interaction parameter as the criteria. Thereafter, PTX-loaded LLCNs were prepared under different energy input conditions and were characterized. Influence of lipid type, stabilizer type, drug-lipid ratio and preparation method on properties of the LLCNs was explored. It was found that both lipid and stabilizer type had significant influence on drug encapsulation efficiency. Compared to the LLCNs prepared under high energy condition, PTX-loaded LLCN prepared under low energy input had higher drug encapsulation efficiency, smaller particle size (211.6 nm versus 346.8 nm) and a sustained release behavior. In conclusion, molecular dynamic simulation is an effective tool to select the most appropriate composition of LLCNs for a specific drug substance, and LLCNs prepared using low energy input methods was particularly applicable for industrial manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhixiang Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingnan Huo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Chen F, Si P, de la Zerda A, Jokerst JV, Myung D. Gold nanoparticles to enhance ophthalmic imaging. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:367-390. [PMID: 33057463 PMCID: PMC8063223 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of gold nanoparticles as diagnostic tools is burgeoning, especially in the cancer community with a focus on theranostic applications to both cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold nanoparticles have also demonstrated great potential for use in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in ophthalmology. Although many ophthalmic imaging modalities are available, there is still a considerable unmet need, in particular for ophthalmic molecular imaging for the early detection of eye disease before morphological changes are more grossly visible. An understanding of how gold nanoparticles are leveraged in other fields could inform new ways they could be utilized in ophthalmology. In this paper, we review current ophthalmic imaging techniques and then identify optical coherence tomography (OCT) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) as the most promising technologies amenable to the use of gold nanoparticles for molecular imaging. Within this context, the development of gold nanoparticles as OCT and PAI contrast agents are reviewed, with the most recent developments described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Mary M. and Sash A. Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
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35
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Sarkar S, Tran N, Soni SK, Nasa Z, Drummond CJ, Conn CE. Cuboplex-Mediated Nonviral Delivery of Functional siRNA to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2336-2345. [PMID: 33410653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles of internal cubic symmetry, termed cuboplexes, are potential nonviral delivery vehicles for gene therapy due to their "topologically active" nature, which may enhance endosomal escape and improve delivery outcomes. In this study, we have used cationic cuboplexes, based on monoolein (MO) doped with a cationic lipid, for the encapsulation and delivery of antisense green fluorescent protein (GFP)-small interfering RNA (siRNA) into Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO)-GFP cells. Agarose gel electrophoresis has confirmed the successful encapsulation of siRNA within cationic cubosomes, while synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrated that the underlying cubic nanostructure of the particles was retained following encapsulation. The cationic cubosomes were shown to be reasonably nontoxic against the CHO-GFP cell line. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) provided evidence of the successful transfection to CHO-GFP cells. Knockdown efficiency was strongly linked to the type of cationic lipid used, although all cubosomes had essentially the same internal nanostructure. The gene knockdown efficiency for some cationic cubosomes was shown to be higher than lipofectamine, which is a commercially available liposome-based formulation, while the controlled release of the siRNA from the cubosomes over a 72 h period was observed using confocal microscopy. This combination exemplifies the potential of cationic cuboplexes as a novel, nonviral, controlled-release delivery vector for siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampa Sarkar
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Soni
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Zeyad Nasa
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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36
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Rajesh S, Zhai J, Drummond CJ, Tran N. Synthetic ionizable aminolipids induce a pH dependent inverse hexagonal to bicontinuous cubic lyotropic liquid crystalline phase transition in monoolein nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 589:85-95. [PMID: 33450463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A prospective class of materials for drug delivery is lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles, such as cubosomes and hexosomes. Efforts are being made to generate a pH dependent system, which exhibits slow release hexosomes (H2) at physiological pH and relatively fast release cubosomes (Q2) at acidic disease sites such as in various cancers and bacterial infection (pH ~ 5.5-6.5). Herein, we report the synthesis of nine ionizable aminolipids, which were doped into monoolein (MO) lipid nanoparticles. Using high throughput formulation and synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), the effects of aminolipid structure and concentration on the mesophase of MO nanoparticles at various pHs were determined. As the pH changed from neutral to acidic, mesophases, could be formed in an order L2 (inverse micelles) → H2 → Q2. Specifically, systems with heterocyclic oleates exhibited the H2 to Q2 transition at pH 5.5-6.5. Furthermore, the phase transition pH could be fine-tuned by incorporating two aminolipids into the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with a pH dependent phase transition as described in this study may be useful as drug delivery carriers for the treatment of cancers and certain bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarigama Rajesh
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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37
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Rarokar N, C R, Gurav S, Khedekar P. Meloxicam encapsulated nanostructured colloidal self-assembly for evaluating antitumor and anti-inflammatory efficacy in 3D printed scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:1441-1456. [PMID: 33289225 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured colloidal self-assembly (NCS) is one of the most promising drug delivery carriers in cancer treatment. The present research work aimed towards synthesizing meloxicam (MLX) loaded NCS for its improved circulation half-life and increased cellular internalization. NCS was formulated using glyceryl monoolein, Pluronic® F127, and MLX. Quality by Design experiments with a quadratic model was subjected to optimization of the formulation. The optimized NCS with an average particle size of 185.5 ± 3.02 nm showed higher MLX encapsulation (94.74 ± 3.41%) and sustained release behavior of MLX up to 24 hr. in vitro cytotoxicity of the developed NCS with MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines confirmed lower cell viability and a higher rate of cell growth inhibition. This MLX loaded NCS showed dual activity as an antitumor and anti-inflammatory in highly invasive estrogen-dependent MDA-MB-231 cells due to the high expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Besides, an activity of the MLX-NCS was also observed in 3D printed MCF-7 cells. This investigation shows the possible use of MLX-NCS as an efficient cancer drug delivery system with excellent colloidal stability, sustained release of MLX, enhanced antitumor and anti-inflammatory efficacy in 3D printed scaffolds. In contrast to toxicity study in 2D culture, the 3D constructs revealed the activity of the MLX via COX-2 independent mechanism and demonstrated that the relationship between COX-2 expression and antitumor activity of inhibitors is limited. In conclusion, the overall observations and results of this study strengthen the hypothesized development of NCS as a next-generation therapeutics regimen for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rarokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravikumar C
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailendra Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Panaji, Goa, India
| | - Pramod Khedekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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38
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Silvestrini AVP, Caron AL, Viegas J, Praça FG, Bentley MVLB. Advances in lyotropic liquid crystal systems for skin drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1781-1805. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1819979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelo Luis Caron
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Viegas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Garcia Praça
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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A structurally diverse library of glycerol monooleate/oleic acid non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanodispersions stabilized with nonionic methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-lipids showing variable complement activation properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 582:906-917. [PMID: 32919118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pluronic F127-stabilized non-lamellar liquid crystalline aqueous nanodispersions are promising injectable platforms for drug and contrast agent delivery. These nanodispersions, however, trigger complement activation in the human blood, where the extent of complement activation and opsonization processes may compromise their biological performance and safety. Here, we introduce a broad family of nanodispersions from glycerol monooleate (GMO) and oleic acid (OA) in different weight ratios, and stabilized with a plethora of nonionic methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-lipids of different PEG chain length and variable lipid moiety (monounsaturated or saturated diglycerides or D-α-tocopheryl succinate). Through an integrated biophysical approach involving dynamic light scattering, synchrotron small-angle scattering, and cryo-transmission electron microscopy, we examine the impact of nonionic mPEG-lipid stabilization on size, internal self-assembled architecture, and gross morphological characteristics of nanodispersions. The results show how the nonionic mPEG-lipid type and concentration, and dependent on GMO/OA weight ratio, can variably modulate the internal architectures of nanoparticles. Assessment of complement profiling from selected nanodispersions with diverse structural heterogeneity further suggests a variable modulatory role for the lipid type of the nonionic mPEG-lipid in the extent of complement activation, which span from no activation to moderate to high levels. We comment on plausible mechanisms driving the observed complement activation variability and discuss the potential utility of these nanodispersions for future development of injectable nanopharmaceuticals.
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40
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Fornasier M, Biffi S, Bortot B, Macor P, Manhart A, Wurm FR, Murgia S. Cubosomes stabilized by a polyphosphoester-analog of Pluronic F127 with reduced cytotoxicity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:286-297. [PMID: 32688121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles with bicontinuous cubic internal nanostructure, known as cubosomes, have been proposed as nanocarriers in various medical applications. However, as these nanoparticles show a certain degree of cytotoxicity, particularly against erythrocytes, their application in systemic administrations is limited to date. Intending to produce a more biocompatible formulation, we prepared cubosomes for the first time stabilized with a biodegradable polyphosphoester-analog of the commonly used Pluronic F127. The ABA-triblock copolymer poly(methyl ethylene phosphate)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(methyl ethylene phosphate) (PMEP-b-PPO-b-PMEP) was prepared by organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of MEP. The cytotoxic features of the resulting formulation were investigated against two different cell lines (HEK-293 and HUVEC) and human red blood cells. The response of the complement system was also evaluated. Results proved the poly(phosphoester)-based formulation was significantly less toxic than that prepared using Pluronic F127 with respect to all the tested cell lines and, more importantly, hemolysis assay and complement system activation tests demonstrated its very high hemocompatibility. The potentially biodegradable poly(phosphoester)-based cubosomes represent a new and versatile platform for preparation of functional and smart nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fornasier
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, s.s. 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Bortot
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelika Manhart
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, s.s. 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Chountoulesi M, Perinelli DR, Pippa N, Chrysostomou V, Forys A, Otulakowski L, Bonacucina G, Trzebicka B, Pispas S, Demetzos C. Physicochemical, morphological and thermal evaluation of lyotropic lipidic liquid crystalline nanoparticles: The effect of stimuli-responsive polymeric stabilizer. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tao S, Chu Y, Wang Z, Xu X, Tan Q. Morphological transition of amphiphilic block copolymer/PEGylated phospholipid complexes induced by the dynamic subtle balance interactions in the self-assembled aggregates. E-POLYMERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRecently, there has been an increasing interest in the control of morphological transition of block copolymer aggregates. Here, we report how to control the morphological transition of methoxy polyethylene glycol–poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PDLLA–MPEG) by adding 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)] (DSPE–PEG). In the aggregates formed by dialyzing DSPE–PEG/PDLLA–MPEG mixed solutions against water, the two hydrophobic fatty acid tails of DSPE–PEG will preferentially anchor to the hydrophobic segment end of PDLLA–MPEG by interdigitating between these two tails and PDLLA segments. Consequently, DSPE–PEG and PDLLA–MPEG will form “ABA” temporary supra-amphiphiles in which A represents a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain segment and B is a mixed hydrophobic segment composed of PDLLA and DSPE segments; the repulsive force derived from the PEG segments of DSPE–PEG can affect the stability of “ABA” temporary supra-amphiphiles. Our results show that the dynamic subtle balance between the number of “ABA” temporary supra-amphiphiles formed and the strength of repulsive force between the PEG segments of DSPE–PEG drives the morphological structure of DSPE–PEG/PDLLA–MPEG aggregates to change from micelles to vesicles, then to semi-vesicles and finally to mixed micelles, with increasing DSPE–PEG additions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Tao
- Department of polymeric materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Chu
- Department of polymeric materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of polymeric materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of polymeric materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
| | - Qinggang Tan
- Department of polymeric materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
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Fong C, Zhai J, Drummond CJ, Tran N. Micellar Fd3m cubosomes from monoolein - long chain unsaturated fatty acid mixtures: Stability on temperature and pH response. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 566:98-106. [PMID: 31991369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Control of the nanostructure of self-assembled systems may be achieved through manipulation of surfactant molecular packing and interfacial curvature. In order to phase engineer the inverse micellar cubosomes in some monoolein-fatty acid systems, lipids with wedge shaped molecular geometry were incorporated to promote the formation of this phase, that is of interest as potential sustained released nanocarriers. EXPERIMENTS Liquid crystalline nanoparticle dispersions of monoolein with some cis unsaturated fatty acids were prepared and their partial temperature-composition phase diagrams and structure were established using high throughput Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The pH responsiveness of these systems was evaluated in the presence of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). FINDINGS The partial temperature-composition phase diagrams of five nanoparticle formulations containing monoolein and unsaturated fatty acids were established and identified the presence of micellar cubosomes in each of these systems. The results indicate that temperature, fatty acid concentration and structure, as well as pH all directly impact the formation and stability of this phase. Low energy inverse micellar cubic to emulsion phase transformations were identified in the monoolein with oleic acid and vaccenic acid systems at physiological temperatures that may be advantageous for staged therapeutic release strategies in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celesta Fong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Calum John Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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Non-Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Nanocarriers for Thymoquinone Encapsulation. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010016. [PMID: 31861549 PMCID: PMC6982919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to their unique structural features, non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles comprising cubosomes and hexosomes are attracting increasing attention as versatile investigative drug carriers. Background: Depending on their physiochemical characteristics, drug molecules on entrapment can modulate and reorganize structural features of cubosomes and hexosomes. Therefore, it is important to assess the effect of guest molecules on broader biophysical characteristics of non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles, since drug-induced architectural, morphological, and size modifications can affect the biological performance of cubosomes and hexosomes. Methods: We report on alterations in morphological, structural, and size characteristics of nanodispersions composed from binary mixtures of glycerol monooleate and vitamin E on thymoquinone (a molecule with wide therapeutic potentials) loading. Results: Thymoquinone loading was associated with a slight increase in the mean hydrodynamic nanoparticle size and led to structural transitions from an internal biphasic feature of coexisting inverse cubic Fd3m and hexagonal (H2) phases to an internal inverse cubic Fd3m phase (micellar cubosomes) or an internal inverse micellar (L2) phase (emulsified microemulsions, EMEs). We further report on the presence of “flower-like” vesicular populations in both native and drug-loaded nanodispersions. Conclusions: These nanodispersions have the potential to accommodate thymoquinone and may be considered as promising platforms for the development of thymoquinone nanomedicines.
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Yang S, Li Y. Fluorescent hybrid silica nanoparticles and their biomedical applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1603. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Yang
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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Adewale OB, Davids H, Cairncross L, Roux S. Toxicological Behavior of Gold Nanoparticles on Various Models: Influence of Physicochemical Properties and Other Factors. Int J Toxicol 2019; 38:357-384. [PMID: 31462100 DOI: 10.1177/1091581819863130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Potential applications of gold nanoparticles in biomedicine have increasingly been reported on account of the ease of synthesis, bioinert characteristics, optical properties, chemical stability, high biocompatibility, and specificity. The safety of these particles remains a great concern, as there are differences among toxicity study protocols used. This article focuses on integrating results of research on the toxicological behavior of gold nanoparticles. This can be influenced by the physicochemical properties, including size, shape, surface charge, and other factors, such as methods used in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles, models used, dose, in vivo route of administration, and interference of gold nanoparticles with in vitro toxicity assay systems. Several researchers have reported toxicological studies with regard to gold nanoparticles, using various in vitro, in vivo, and in ovo models. The conflicting results concerning the toxicity of gold nanoparticles should thus be addressed to justify the safe use of gold nanoparticles in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola B Adewale
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry program, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Hajierah Davids
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Lynn Cairncross
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Saartjie Roux
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
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Le TC, Zhai J, Chiu WH, Tran PA, Tran N. Janus particles: recent advances in the biomedical applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6749-6777. [PMID: 31692550 PMCID: PMC6711559 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s169030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus particles, which are named after the two-faced Roman god Janus, have two distinct sides with different surface features, structures, and compositions. This asymmetric structure enables the combination of different or even incompatible physical, chemical, and mechanical properties within a single particle. Much effort has been focused on the preparation of Janus particles with high homogeneity, tunable size and shape, combined functionalities, and scalability. With their unique features, Janus particles have attracted attention in a wide range of applications such as in optics, catalysis, and biomedicine. As a biomedical device, Janus particles offer opportunities to incorporate therapeutics, imaging, or sensing modalities in independent compartments of a single particle in a spatially controlled manner. This may result in synergistic actions of combined therapies and multi-level targeting not possible in isotropic systems. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in employing Janus particles as therapeutic delivery carriers, in vivo imaging probes, and biosensors. Challenges and future opportunities for these particles will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu C Le
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
| | - Wei-Hsun Chiu
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Interface Science and Materials Engineering group, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
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48
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Tan A, Lam YY, Pacot O, Hawley A, Boyd BJ. Probing cell-nanoparticle (cubosome) interactions at the endothelial interface: do tissue dimension and flow matter? Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3460-3470. [PMID: 31268062 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the research field of nanostructured systems for biomedical applications, increasing attention has been paid to using biomimetic, dynamic cellular models to adequately predict their bio-nano behaviours. This work specifically evaluates the biointeractions of nanostructured lipid-based particles (cubosomes) with human vascular cells from the aspects of tissue dimension (conventional 2D well plate versus 3D dynamic tubular vasculature) and shear flow effect (static, venous and arterial flow-mimicking conditions). A glass capillary-hosted, 3D tubular endothelial construct was coupled with circulating luminal fluid flow to simulate the human vascular systems. In the absence of fluid flow, the degree of cell-cubosome association was not significantly different between the 2D planar and the 3D tubular systems. Under flow conditions simulating venous (0.8 dynes per cm2) and arterial (10 dynes per cm2) shear stresses, the cell-cubosome association notably declined by 50% and 98%, respectively. This highlights the significance of shear-guided biointeractions of non-targeted nanoparticles in the circulation. Across all 2D and 3D cellular models with and without flow, cubosomes had little effect on the cell-cell contact based on the unchanged immunoexpression of the endothelial-specific intercellular junction marker PECAM-1. Interestingly, there were dissimilar nanoparticle distribution patterns between the 2D planar (showing discrete punctate staining) and the 3D tubular endothelium (with a more diffused, patchy fashion). Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of tissue dimension and shear flow in governing the magnitude and feature of cell-nanoparticle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Tan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuen Yi Lam
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Olivier Pacot
- Institute of Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Hawley
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 3052 Victoria, Australia
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Current potential and challenges in the advances of liquid crystalline nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1405-1412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Zhai J, Fong C, Tran N, Drummond CJ. Non-Lamellar Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Lipid Nanoparticles for the Next Generation of Nanomedicine. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6178-6206. [PMID: 31082192 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonlamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) lipid nanomaterials have emerged as a promising class of advanced materials for the next generation of nanomedicine, comprising mainly of amphiphilic lipids and functional additives self-assembling into two- and three-dimensional, inverse hexagonal, and cubic nanostructures. In particular, the lyotropic liquid crystalline lipid nanoparticles (LCNPs) have received great interest as nanocarriers for a variety of hydrophobic and hydrophilic small molecule drugs, peptides, proteins, siRNAs, DNAs, and imaging agents. Within this space, there has been a tremendous amount of effort over the last two decades elucidating the self-assembly behavior and structure-function relationship of natural and synthetic lipid-based drug delivery vehicles in vitro, yet successful clinical translation remains sparse due to the lack of understanding of these materials in biological bodies. This review provides an overview of (1) the benefits and advantages of using LCNPs as drug delivery nanocarriers, (2) design principles for making LCNPs with desirable functionalities for drug delivery applications, (3) current understanding of the LLC material-biology interface illustrated by more than 50 in vivo, preclinical studies, and (4) current patenting and translation activities in a pharmaceutical context. Together with our perspectives and expert opinions, we anticipate that this review will guide future studies in developing LCNP-based drug delivery nanocarriers with the objective of translating them into a key player among nanoparticle platforms comprising the next generation of nanomedicine for disease therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3000 , Australia
| | - Celesta Fong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3000 , Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton , Victoria 3168 , Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3000 , Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3000 , Australia
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