1
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Liu H, Lu HH, Alp Y, Wu R, Thayumanavan S. Structural Determinants of Stimuli-Responsiveness in Amphiphilic Macromolecular Nano-assemblies. Prog Polym Sci 2024; 148:101765. [PMID: 38476148 PMCID: PMC10927256 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules could undergo controlled structural transformations and generate diverse macroscopic phenomenon under stimuli. Due to the controllable responsiveness, they have been applied for broad material and biomedical applications, such as biologics delivery, sensing, imaging, and catalysis. Understanding the mechanisms of the assembly-disassembly processes and structural determinants behind the responsive properties is fundamentally important for designing the next generation of nano-assemblies with programmable responsiveness. In this review, we focus on structural determinants of assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules and their macromolecular level alterations under stimuli, such as the disruption of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), depolymerization, decrosslinking, and changes of molecular packing in assemblies, which eventually lead to a series of macroscopic phenomenon for practical purposes. Applications of stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies in delivery, sensing and imaging were also summarized based on their structural features. We expect this review could provide readers an overview of the structural considerations in the design and applications of nanoassemblies and incentivize more explorations in stimuli-responsive soft matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hung-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yasin Alp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ruiling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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2
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Morado EG, Paterson ML, Ivanoff DG, Wang HC, Johnson A, Daniels D, Rizvi A, Sottos NR, Zimmerman SC. End-of-life upcycling of polyurethanes using a room temperature, mechanism-based degradation. Nat Chem 2023; 15:569-577. [PMID: 36864144 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in developing recyclable polymeric materials is the inherent conflict between the properties required during and after their life span. In particular, materials must be strong and durable when in use, but undergo complete and rapid degradation, ideally under mild conditions, as they approach the end of their life span. We report a mechanism for degrading polymers called cyclization-triggered chain cleavage (CATCH cleavage) that achieves this duality. CATCH cleavage features a simple glycerol-based acyclic acetal unit as a kinetic and thermodynamic trap for gated chain shattering. Thus, an organic acid induces transient chain breaks with oxocarbenium ion formation and subsequent intramolecular cyclization to fully depolymerize the polymer backbone at room temperature. With minimal chemical modification, the resulting degradation products from a polyurethane elastomer can be repurposed into strong adhesives and photochromic coatings, demonstrating the potential for upcycling. The CATCH cleavage strategy for low-energy input breakdown and subsequent upcycling may be generalizable to a broader range of synthetic polymers and their end-of-life waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim G Morado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mara L Paterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Douglas G Ivanoff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hsuan-Chin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Alayna Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Darius Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Aoon Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nancy R Sottos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Steven C Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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3
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Lipophilic poly(glycolide) blocks in morpholin-2-one-based CARTs for plasmid DNA delivery: Polymer regioregularity, sequence of lipophilic/polyamine blocks, and nanoparticle stability as factors of transfection efficiency. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Pokora M, Rheinberger T, Wurm FR, Paneth A, Paneth P. Environment-friendly transesterification to seawater-degradable polymers expanded: Computational construction guide to breaking points. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136381. [PMID: 36088968 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine plastic pollution caused by non-biodegradable polymers is a major worldwide concern. So-called "biodegradable" polymers should reduce plastic pollution in the environment by the safeguard of biodegradation. However, many polyesters degrade very slowly in seawater. We therefore designed a systematic library of "breaking points" that are installed into a polylactide backbone and simulated their degradation mechanisms, including internal and external SN2 mechanisms, Addition-Elimination (AE) mechanisms, and RNA-inspired mechanisms. The breaking points are composed of phosphoesters with pendant nucleophiles directly at the P-atom, or structurally similar silicones, or side-chain functional polyesters. All P-containing breaking points react via the RNA-inspired mechanism, while Si-containing linkers undergo decomposition via the A-E mechanism. For C-containing linkers, only when a long pendant chain (4 carbon atoms) is present can the reaction proceed via the RNA-inspired mechanism. In cases of shorter pendants, the Addition-Elimination (AE) mechanism is energetically favorable. We believe that these calculations will pave the way for the synthesis of exceptionally seawater-degradable polyesters in the future that can act as a safeguard to prevent microplastic formation after eventual littering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Pokora
- International Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)-International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Timo Rheinberger
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Agata Paneth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 3a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Paneth
- International Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)-International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
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5
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Bai X, Smith ZL, Wang Y, Butterworth S, Tirella A. Sustained Drug Release from Smart Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13101623. [PMID: 36295976 PMCID: PMC9611581 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Although nanomedicine has been highly investigated for cancer treatment over the past decades, only a few nanomedicines are currently approved and in the market; making this field poorly represented in clinical applications. Key research gaps that require optimization to successfully translate the use of nanomedicines have been identified, but not addressed; among these, the lack of control of the release pattern of therapeutics is the most important. To solve these issues with currently used nanomedicines (e.g., burst release, systemic release), different strategies for the design and manufacturing of nanomedicines allowing for better control over the therapeutic release, are currently being investigated. The inclusion of stimuli-responsive properties and prolonged drug release have been identified as effective approaches to include in nanomedicine, and are discussed in this paper. Recently, smart sustained release nanoparticles have been successfully designed to safely and efficiently deliver therapeutics with different kinetic profiles, making them promising for many drug delivery applications and in specific for cancer treatment. In this review, the state-of-the-art of smart sustained release nanoparticles is discussed, focusing on the design strategies and performances of polymeric nanotechnologies. A complete list of nanomedicines currently tested in clinical trials and approved nanomedicines for cancer treatment is presented, critically discussing advantages and limitations with respect to the newly developed nanotechnologies and manufacturing methods. By the presented discussion and the highlight of nanomedicine design criteria and current limitations, this review paper could be of high interest to identify key features for the design of release-controlled nanomedicine for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Zara L. Smith
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sam Butterworth
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Annalisa Tirella
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- BIOtech-Center for Biomedical Technologies, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Correspondence:
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6
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Hu H, Li J, Wang Q, Ouyang X, Wang J, Zhao YL, Kang C, Zhang R, Zhu J. Efficient Synthesis of Itaconate Polyesters with Amine-Triggered Rapid Degradation and Outstanding Mechanical Properties: An Experimental and Theoretical Study on Degradation Mechanisms. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xingyu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cheng Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology − Head & Neck Surgery, HuaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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7
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Espinoza EM, Røise JJ, He M, Li IC, Agatep AK, Udenyi P, Han H, Jackson N, Kerr DL, Chen D, Stentzel MR, Ruan E, Riley L, Murthy N. A self-immolative linker that releases thiols detects penicillin amidase and nitroreductase with high sensitivity via absorption spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3166-3169. [PMID: 35170593 PMCID: PMC9097719 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis and characterization of a novel self-immolative linker, based on thiocarbonates, which releases a free thiol upon activation via enzymes. We demonstrate that thiocarbonate self-immolative linkers can be used to detect the enzymes penicillin G amidase (PGA) and nitroreductase (NTR) with high sensitivity using absorption spectroscopy. Paired with modern thiol amplification technology, the detection of PGA and NTR were achieved at concentrations of 160 nM and 52 nM respectively. In addition, the PGA probe was shown to be compatible with both biological thiols and enzymes present in cell lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli M Espinoza
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Joachim J Røise
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Maomao He
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - I-Che Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Alvin K Agatep
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Patrick Udenyi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hesong Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Nicole Jackson
- School of Public Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - D Lucas Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dake Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Michael R Stentzel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Emily Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lee Riley
- School of Public Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
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8
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Gavriel A, Sambrook M, Russell AT, Hayes W. Recent advances in self-immolative linkers and their applications in polymeric reporting systems. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00414c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in self-immolative chemistry has grown over the past decade with more research groups harnessing the versatility to control the release of a compound from a larger chemical entity, given...
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9
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10
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Schoppa T, Jung D, Rust T, Mulac D, Kuckling D, Langer K. Light-responsive polymeric nanoparticles based on a novel nitropiperonal based polyester as drug delivery systems for photosensitizers in PDT. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120326. [PMID: 33540003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although nanoparticles (NPs) bear a great potential in tumour therapy, just a few nanosized drug delivery systems are commercially available. Besides their advantages like passive drug targeting and stable embedment of lipophilic active pharmaceutical ingredients, targeted drug release is a major challenge for a safe therapy. While drug release of commonly used materials depends on physiological factors, nanoparticles prepared by using stimuli responsive polymers offer a promising approach. External irradiation of light-sensitive nanoparticles enables local drug release, resulting in selective accumulation and consequently more effective treatment with less side effects. In this study light-responsive nanoparticles based on a new innovative light-responsive polyester (Nip-SLrPE) combined with poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were prepared and examined for their physicochemical characteristics and light-triggered properties. As model drug the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorine (mTHPC) was incorporated and light-depending drug release was investigated. Furthermore, cytotoxic potential of selected formulations for PDT and intracellular accumulation of mTHPC were evaluated. In conclusion, nanoparticles based on the new light-sensitive Nip-SLrPE showed auspicious light-responsive properties, resulting in promising results for a smart drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Schoppa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Dimitri Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Tarik Rust
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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11
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Okuyama Y, Okamoto R, Mukai S, Kinoshita K, Sato T, Chida N. Synthesis of Saxitoxin and Its Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:8697-8701. [PMID: 33104353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The chiral synthesis of (+)-saxitoxin and its derivatives is described. Two consecutive carbon-nitrogen bonds at C-5 and C-6 in saxitoxin were effectively installed by the sequential Overman rearrangement of an allylic vicinal diol derived from d-malic acid. The bicyclic guanidine unit was constructed by the intramolecular aminal formation of an acyclic bis-guanidine derivative possessing a ketone carbonyl at C-4. From the bicyclic aminal intermediate, (+)-saxitoxin, (+)-decarbamoyl-β-saxitoxinol [(+)-dc-β-saxitoxinol], and the unnatural skeletal isomer, (-)-iso-dc-saxitoxinol, were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Okuyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shori Mukai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kinoshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Noritaka Chida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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12
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Blake TR, Ho WC, Turlington CR, Zang X, Huttner MA, Wender PA, Waymouth RM. Synthesis and mechanistic investigations of pH-responsive cationic poly(aminoester)s. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2951-2966. [PMID: 34122796 PMCID: PMC8157522 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05267d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and degradation mechanisms of a class of pH-sensitive, rapidly degrading cationic poly(α-aminoester)s are described. These reactive, cationic polymers are stable at low pH in water, but undergo a fast and selective degradation at higher pH to liberate neutral diketopiperazines. Related materials incorporating oligo(α-amino ester)s have been shown to be effective gene delivery agents, as the charge-altering degradative behavior facilitates the delivery and release of mRNA and other nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we report detailed studies of the structural and environmental factors that lead to these rapid and selective degradation processes in aqueous buffers. At neutral pH, poly(α-aminoester)s derived from N-hydroxyethylglycine degrade selectively by a mechanism involving sequential 1,5- and 1,6-O→N acyl shifts to generate bis(N-hydroxyethyl) diketopiperazine. A family of structurally related cationic poly(aminoester)s was generated to study the structural influences on the degradation mechanism, product distribution, and pH dependence of the rate of degradation. The kinetics and mechanism of the pH-induced degradations were investigated by 1H NMR, model reactions, and kinetic simulations. These results indicate that polyesters bearing α-ammonium groups and appropriately positioned N-hydroxyethyl substituents are readily cleaved (by intramolecular attack) or hydrolyzed, representing dynamic "dual function" materials that are initially polycationic and transform with changing environment to neutral products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Wilson C Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Xiaoyu Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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13
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Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Bagrov VV, Tavtorkin AN, Komarov PD, Churakov AV, Ivchenko PV. Substituted glycolides from natural sources: preparation, alcoholysis and polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present a comparative study of substituted glycolides MeGL, iPrGL, iBuGL, BnGL, PhGL and MePhGL, synthesized from natural sources and polymers therefrom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
| | - Andrey V. Shlyakhtin
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V. Bagrov
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N. Tavtorkin
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
| | - Pavel D. Komarov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Department of Chemistry
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis
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14
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Hsu PH, Arboleda C, Stubelius A, Li LW, Olejniczak J, Almutairi A. Highly responsive and rapid hydrogen peroxide-triggered degradation of polycaprolactone nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2394-2397. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm02019e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles formulated from fast-degrading oxidation-responsive polycaprolactone are responsive to 50 μM of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Hao Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Carina Arboleda
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Ling-Wei Li
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Jason Olejniczak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
- Department of NanoEngineering
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15
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Müller AK, Jung D, Sun J, Kuckling D. Synthesis and characterization of light-degradable bromocoumarin functionalized polycarbonates. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01405e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The preparation, characterization and degradation properties of novel light-degradable bromocoumarin functionalized polycarbonates were investigated in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Müller
- Department of Chemistry
- Paderborn University
- D-33098 Paderborn
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Dimitri Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Paderborn University
- D-33098 Paderborn
- Germany
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Paderborn University
- D-33098 Paderborn
- Germany
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry
- Paderborn University
- D-33098 Paderborn
- Germany
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16
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Larrañaga A, Lizundia E. A review on the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation behaviour of polyesters. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Zhao W, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Liu T, Sun J, Zhang R. Remote Light-Responsive Nanocarriers for Controlled Drug Delivery: Advances and Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1903060. [PMID: 31599125 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of smart photoactivated nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) has recently attracted considerable research interest as light enables precise and accurate controlled release of drug molecules in specific diseased cells and/or tissues in a highly spatial and temporal manner. In general, the development of appropriate light-triggered DDS relies on processes of photolysis, photoisomerization, photo-cross-linking/un-cross-linking, and photoreduction, which are normally sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) or visible (Vis) light irradiation. Considering the issues of poor tissue penetration and high phototoxicity of these high-energy photons of UV/Vis light, recently nanocarriers have been developed based on light-response to low-energy photon irradiation, in particular for the light wavelengths located in the near infrared (NIR) range. NIR light-triggered drug release systems are normally achieved by using two-photon absorption and photon upconversion processes. Herein, recent advances of light-responsive nanoplatforms for controlled drug release are reviewed, covering the mechanism of light responsive small molecules and polymers, UV and Vis light responsive nanocarriers, and NIR light responsive nanocarriers. NIR-light triggered drug delivery by two-photon excitation and upconversion luminescence strategies is also included. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives for the development of light triggered DDS are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao, 266042, China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yongmei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong Qixiu Rd. 19, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Rd. 300, QLD, 4006, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Brisbane, Australia
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18
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19
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Sun J, Rust T, Kuckling D. Light-Responsive Serinol-Based Polyurethane Nanocarrier for Controlled Drug Release. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900348. [PMID: 31553503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a new and facile strategy for the synthesis of light-responsive polyurethanes (LrPUs) based on serinol with o-nitrobenzyl pendent groups is developed. Stable monodisperse nanoparticles from these LrPUs can be formulated reproducibly in a simple manner, which is shown by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Upon irradiation with UV light, both polymers and nanoparticles undergo rapid degradation, which is investigated by DLS, scanning electron microscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The nanoparticles are also employed for the encapsulation of the model drug Nile Red, and by exposure to UV light, a burst release of the payload is detected via fluorescence spectroscopy. This strategy can be easily applied to the straightforward synthesis of various new serinol-based monomers with different stimuli-responsive properties and therefore expand the family of biodegradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao, CN-266042, China
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Tarik Rust
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
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20
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Sun J, Jung D, Schoppa T, Anderski J, Picker MT, Ren Y, Mulac D, Stein N, Langer K, Kuckling D. Light-Responsive Serinol-Based Polycarbonate and Polyester as Degradable Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3038-3051. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Street 100, Paderborn D-33098, Germany
| | - Dimitri Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Street 100, Paderborn D-33098, Germany
| | - Timo Schoppa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Juliane Anderski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Picker
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Street 100, Paderborn D-33098, Germany
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Street 100, Paderborn D-33098, Germany
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Nora Stein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Street 100, Paderborn D-33098, Germany
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21
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Sun J, Anderski J, Picker MT, Langer K, Kuckling D. Preparation of Light-Responsive Aliphatic Polycarbonate via Versatile Polycondensation for Controlled Degradation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Sun
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou Rd. 53 CN-266042 Qingdao China
| | - Juliane Anderski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy; University of Münster; Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Picker
- Department of Chemistry; Paderborn University; Warburger Str. 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy; University of Münster; Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry; Paderborn University; Warburger Str. 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
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22
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Anderski J, Mahlert L, Sun J, Birnbaum W, Mulac D, Schreiber S, Herrmann F, Kuckling D, Langer K. Light-responsive nanoparticles based on new polycarbonate polymers as innovative drug delivery systems for photosensitizers in PDT. Int J Pharm 2018; 557:182-191. [PMID: 30584908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles based on biodegradable polymers are well-known as approved carrier systems for a diversity of drugs. Despite their advantages, such as the option of an active drug targeting or the physicochemical protection of instable payloads, the controlled drug release often underlies intra- and interindividual influences and is therefore difficult to predict. To circumvent this limitation, the release behavior can be optimized using light-responsive materials for the nanoparticle preparation. The resulting light-responsive nanoparticles are able to release the embedded drug after an external light-stimulus, thereby increasing efficacy and safety of the therapy. In the present study light-responsive self-immolative polymers were used for the nanoparticle manufacturing. Light-responsive polycarbonates (LrPC) as well as PEGylated LrPC (LrPC-PEG) were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate-based monomers and fully physico-chemically characterized. Light-responsive nano formulations were obtained by blending LrPC or (LrPC-PEG) with the FDA-approved polymer poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). The nanoparticles were loaded with the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC). The light-induced nanoparticle degradation was analyzed as well as the drug release behavior with and without illumination. Furthermore, biological safety of the degradation products was investigated in an in vitro cell culture study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Anderski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Laura Mahlert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, 266042 Qingdao, China.
| | - Wolfgang Birnbaum
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Schreiber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Fabian Herrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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23
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Sun J, Birnbaum W, Anderski J, Picker MT, Mulac D, Langer K, Kuckling D. Use of Light-Degradable Aliphatic Polycarbonate Nanoparticles As Drug Carrier for Photosensitizer. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4677-4690. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042 Qingdao, China
| | - Wolfgang Birnbaum
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Juliane Anderski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Picker
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
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24
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Yardley RE, Gillies ER. Multi-stimuli-responsive self-immolative polymer assemblies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Yardley
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research; The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research; The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B9
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25
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Swider E, Koshkina O, Tel J, Cruz LJ, de Vries IJM, Srinivas M. Customizing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:38-51. [PMID: 29653217 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nano- and microparticles have increasingly widespread applications in nanomedicine, ranging from drug delivery to imaging. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles are the most widely-applied type of particles due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Here, we discuss the preparation of PLGA particles, and various modifications to tailor particles for applications in biological systems. We highlight new preparation approaches, including microfluidics and PRINT method, and modifications of PLGA particles resulting in novel or responsive properties, such as Janus or upconversion particles. Finally, we describe how the preparation methods can- and should-be adapted to tailor the properties of particles for the desired biomedical application. Our aim is to enable researchers who work with PLGA particles to better appreciate the effects of the selected preparation procedure on the final properties of the particles and its biological implications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nanoparticles are increasingly important in the field of biomedicine. Particles made of polymers are in the spotlight, due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, versatility. In this review, we aim to discuss the range of formulation techniques, manipulations, and applications of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles, to enable a researcher to effectively select or design the optimal particles for their application. We describe the various techniques of PLGA particle synthesis and their impact on possible applications. We focus on recent developments in the field of PLGA particles, and new synthesis techniques that have emerged over the past years. Overall, we show how the chemistry of PLGA particles can be adapted to solve pressing biological needs.
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26
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Lozhkin BA, Shlyakhtin AV, Bagrov VV, Ivchenko PV, Nifant’ev IE. Effective stereoselective approach to substituted 1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones as prospective substrates for ring-opening polymerization. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Steinkoenig J, Zieger MM, Mutlu H, Barner-Kowollik C. Dual-Gated Chain Shattering Based on Light Responsive Benzophenones and Thermally Responsive Diels–Alder Linkages. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Steinkoenig
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Markus M. Zieger
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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28
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Schneiderman DK, Hillmyer MA. 50th Anniversary Perspective: There Is a Great Future in Sustainable Polymers. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K. Schneiderman
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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29
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Olejniczak J, Collet G, Nguyen Huu VA, Chan M, Lee S, Almutairi A. Biorthogonal click chemistry on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polymeric particles. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:211-215. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00721j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric materials are a key area of investigation in drug delivery and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Olejniczak
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Guillaume Collet
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Viet Anh Nguyen Huu
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Minnie Chan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Sangeun Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
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30
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Yin R, Zhang N, Wang K, Long H, Xing T, Nie J, Zhang H, Zhang W. Material design and photo-regulated hydrolytic degradation behavior of tissue engineering scaffolds fabricated via 3D fiber deposition. J Mater Chem B 2016; 5:329-340. [PMID: 32263551 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02884e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An ideal behavior of a tissue engineering scaffold is that it degrades and reshapes at a rate that matches the formation of new tissues. However, this ideal situation may not occur as the scaffold often undergoes too slow or too fast degradation. To test the promise of the active control of scaffold degradation, in this work, a photo/water dual-degradable porous scaffold was designed and fabricated using a 3D fiber deposition (3DF) system from a linear biopolymer (named PLANB) that combined the o-nitrobenzyl linkages and hydrolysable ester bone in the polymer chains. The chemical structure, molecular weight and polydispersity of PLANB were characterized by IR, NMR, GPC and MALDI-TOF-MS. The thermal properties of PLANB evaluated by DSC and TGA assays enabled a 3DF printing at the temperature around its melting point without chemical changes. The introduction of a real-time IR (RTIR) technique not only facilitated the determination of photolysis kinetics and quantum yield, but also enabled the capture of intermediate products during the photo-cleavage process of PLANB scaffolds. A minute-scale daily photolysis combined with a continuous hydrolysis process was implemented to test the photo-regulated hydrolytic degradation behavior of PLANB scaffolds in vitro, and the results obtained from both the SEM image and the mass loss profile demonstrated a porous-void microstructure along the strands of scaffolds and an apparent increase of the mass loss amount compared with the control group without photo-irradiation. Furthermore, PLANB scaffolds showed low cytotoxicity to L929 cells and performed well in promoting cell adhesion. It can therefore be concluded that such scaffolds have great potential in offering a diverse range of control over degradation kinetics of tissue engineering scaffolds to be tailored to individual tissue regeneration situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Yin
- Complex and Intelligent Research Center, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.
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31
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32
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Lv A, Cui Y, Du FS, Li ZC. Thermally Degradable Polyesters with Tunable Degradation Temperatures via Postpolymerization Modification and Intramolecular Cyclization. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- An Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yang Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
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33
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Fu T, Han Y, Ao L, Wang F. Bis[alkynylplatinum(II)] Terpyridine Molecular Tweezer/Guest Recognition Enhanced by Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds: Phototriggered Complexation via the “Caging” Strategy. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft
Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft
Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Ao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft
Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft
Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Kumar K, Castaño EJ, Weidner AR, Yildirim A, Goodwin AP. Depolymerizable Poly(O-vinyl carbamate- alt-sulfones) as Customizable Macromolecular Scaffolds for Mucosal Drug Delivery. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:636-640. [PMID: 28480130 PMCID: PMC5417698 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interest in stimulus responsive materials and polymers has grown over the years, having shown great promise in a diverse set of applications. For drug delivery, stimulus-responsive polymers have been shown to encapsulate therapeutic cargo such as small molecule drugs or proteins, deliver them to specific locations in the body, and release them so that they can induce a therapeutic effect in the patient. Most hydrolytically degradable polymers are synthesized via nucleophilic, anionic, or cationic polymerization, which generally requires protection of nucleophilic or protic side chains prior to polymerization. Here, we report the synthesis of novel, alternating copolymers of sulfur dioxide and O-vinyl carbamate monomers that boast excellent functional group tolerance and pH-dependent instability. Alternating copolymers were synthesized containing pendant functionalities such as alcohol, carboxylic acid, ester, and azide without deprotection or post-polymerization modification. The copolymers were then formulated via nanoprecipitation into polymer nanoparticles capable of encapsulating small molecule dyes. The polymer nanoparticles were found to degrade rapidly at pH > 6 and were stable even in highly acidic conditions. Based on this observation, a proof-of-concept study for mucosal delivery was performed in polymer nanoparticles entrapped in a mucus model. At pH 8 the diffusion of encapsulated dye was found to be similar to free dye, while at pH 5 the diffusion coefficient was an order of magnitude lower. Cell viability was retained at 200 µg/mL particles after 24 h incubation. These polymers thus show promise as highly customizable scaffolds for mucosal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushlendra Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. University of Colorado Boulder. Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Eduard Jimenez Castaño
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. University of Colorado Boulder. Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Andrew R. Weidner
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. University of Colorado Boulder. Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Adem Yildirim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. University of Colorado Boulder. Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Andrew P. Goodwin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. University of Colorado Boulder. Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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35
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Mutlu H, Barner-Kowollik C. Green chain-shattering polymers based on a self-immolative azobenzene motif. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chain-shattering polymer system consisting of nontoxic, partially renewable resource-based monomersviaacyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) chemistry is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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36
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Uehara H, Ishizuka M, Tanaka H, Kano M, Yamanobe T. Stereocomplex poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles crystallized through nanoporous membranes and application as nucleating agent. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereocomplex crystallization of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) was performed by flowing their blended solution through nano-channels of porous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Uehara
- Division of Molecular Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Gunma University
- Kiryu
- Japan
| | - Mina Ishizuka
- Division of Molecular Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Gunma University
- Kiryu
- Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Division of Molecular Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Gunma University
- Kiryu
- Japan
| | - Makiko Kano
- Division of Molecular Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Gunma University
- Kiryu
- Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamanobe
- Division of Molecular Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Gunma University
- Kiryu
- Japan
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37
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Qiu FY, Song CC, Zhang M, Du FS, Li ZC. Oxidation-Promoted Degradation of Aliphatic Poly(carbonate)s via Sequential 1,6-Elimination and Intramolecular Cyclization. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1220-1224. [PMID: 35614840 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a new type of oxidation-promoted fast-degradable aliphatic poly(carbonate)s (PCs) prepared by the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of a six-membered cyclic carbonate containing a phenylboronic pinacol ester. The ROP of this monomer catalyzed by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) proceeded rapidly at ambient temperature with a good control over molecular weight and polydispersity at high monomer conversion. The H2O2-induced decomposition of this cyclic monomer and its noncyclic carbonate analogue was first studied by 1H NMR in order to clearly demonstrate the degradation mechanism of the PCs. The results of 1H NMR, GPC, and Nile Red fluorescence measurements revealed that the PC nanoparticles formulated by the o/w emulsion method were stable in neutral buffer, but upon triggering with H2O2, they underwent rapid surface degradation via the consecutive processes of oxidation, 1,6-elimination, release of CO2, and intramolecular cyclization. The degradation rates of the nanoparticles were dependent on the concentration of H2O2, and the nanoparticles were even sensitive to 0.5 mM of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Qiu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Song
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics
of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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38
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Roth ME, Green O, Gnaim S, Shabat D. Dendritic, Oligomeric, and Polymeric Self-Immolative Molecular Amplification. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1309-52. [PMID: 26355446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal E Roth
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ori Green
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Samer Gnaim
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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39
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Liu G, Zhang G, Hu J, Wang X, Zhu M, Liu S. Hyperbranched Self-Immolative Polymers (hSIPs) for Programmed Payload Delivery and Ultrasensitive Detection. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11645-55. [PMID: 26327337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Upon stimuli-triggered single cleavage of capping moieties at the focal point and chain terminal, self-immolative dendrimers (SIDs) and linear self-immolative polymers (l-SIPs) undergo spontaneous domino-like radial fragmentation and cascade head-to-tail depolymerization, respectively. The nature of response selectivity and signal amplification has rendered them a unique type of stimuli-responsive materials. Moreover, novel design principles are required for further advancement in the field of self-immolative polymers (SIPs). Herein, we report the facile fabrication of water-dispersible SIPs with a new chain topology, hyperbranched self-immolative polymers (hSIPs), by utilizing one-pot AB2 polycondensation methodology and sequential postfunctionalization. The modular engineering of three categories of branching scaffolds, three types of stimuli-cleavable capping moieties at the focal point, and seven different types of peripheral functional groups and polymeric building blocks affords both structurally and functionally diverse hSIPs with chemically tunable amplified-release features. On the basis of the hSIP platform, we explored myriad functions including visible light-triggered intracellular release of peripheral conjugated drugs in a targeted and spatiotemporally controlled fashion, intracellular delivery and cytoplasmic reductive milieu-triggered plasmid DNA release via on/off multivalency switching, mitochondria-targeted fluorescent sensing of H2O2 with a detection limit down to ∼20 nM, and colorimetric H2O2 assay via triggered dispersion of gold nanoparticle aggregates. To further demonstrate the potency and generality of the hSIP platform, we further configure it into biosensor design for the ultrasensitive detection of pathologically relevant antigens (e.g., human carcinoembryonic antigen) by integrating with enzyme-mediated cycle amplification with positive feedback and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guhuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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40
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Zhang M, Zhou Y, He M, Tao Zhang TZ, Bu X. Novel design, facile synthesis and low infrared emissivity properties of single-handed helical polysilanes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17239j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Helical polysilane copolymers, consisting of functional groups, were prepared and exhibited lower infrared emissivity values at wavelengths from 8 to 14 μm. The properties of helical polysilanes were systematically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuming Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- People's Republic of China
| | - Man He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohai Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory
- Nanjing 211189
- People's Republic of China
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